Energie und Mobilität
Refine
Document Type
- conference talk (32) (remove)
Has Fulltext
- no (32)
Is part of the Bibliography
- no (32)
Keywords
- Energiewende (23)
- Erneuerbare Energien (23)
- Klimaneutralität (22)
- Sektorenkopplung (16)
- Wasserstoff (8)
- Power-to-Gas (7)
- Power-to-X (6)
- Klimaschutz (3)
- Archaeen (2)
- Energiespeicher (2)
Institute
- Fakultät Elektro- und Informationstechnik (26)
- Forschungsstelle für Energienetze und Energiespeicher (FENES) / Forschungsgruppe Energiespeicher (25)
- Fakultät Maschinenbau (4)
- Combustion Engines and Emissions Control Laboratory (CEEC) (3)
- Fakultät Informatik und Mathematik (2)
- Labor Informationssicherheit und Complience (ISC) (2)
- Forschungsstelle für Energienetze und Energiespeicher (FENES) / Forschungsgruppe Energienetze (1)
Begutachtungsstatus
- peer-reviewed (6)
Combined Ash and Soot Monitoring in Gasoline Particulate Filters with a Radio-Frequency-Based Sensor
(2022)
In recent years, it turned out that primarily the number of ultrafine particles and not their mass is relevant in terms of harmful health effects. Therefore, exhaust emission standards are constantly being tightened with regard to the particulate number. To meet the emission limits, particulate filters have become necessary for gasoline engines. Similar to diesel applications, gasoline particulate filters (GPFs) can be monitored via differential pressure measurement or via a radio-frequency approach (RF-sensor). The latter is based on the influence of the soot conductivity on the electromagnetic field. To control the GPF, ash detection is of crucial importance besides the soot load monitoring. With the differential pressure system, this is only possible with high uncertainties due to the low pressure increase caused by ash. The RF-sensor, however, has already demonstrated its potential for ash detection in diesel applications. In order to verify the applicability of the system for GPFs, filters were loaded via a method for fast ash loading. Thereby, it was shown that by evaluating resonant modes – especially the resonant frequency – the ash loading can easily be measured as long as the filter is soot-unloaded. In contrast, soot loading can be determined independently from this by considering a frequency-averaged transmission signal between the antennas of the RF-sensor. Using a setup for radio-frequency material characterization, the dielectric parameters of the generated ash were also measured. In comparison with the properties of the synthetic soot PrintexU, ash showed significantly lower dielectric losses. Thus, the evaluation of the loss-dependent quality factor, which is only possible at low soot loadings, allows a precise conclusion whether the filter is completely soot-free. Furthermore, using synthetic soot loading, it could be shown that soot detection via the averaged transmission signal is not affected by ash. In summary, it could be shown that with the RF-sensor, ash and soot can be simultaneously detected.
The ORBIT-Project: Biological methanation in a trickle-bed reactor - key results and next steps
(2021)
In order to comply with future emission regulations, the use of particulate filters in vehicles with direct injection gasoline engines is essential. The current amount of soot and ash in the filter is calculated by a soot load model in the electronic control unit in combination with a differential pressure sensor determining the pressure drop over the particulate filter. Active regeneration is initiated if the calculated amount of soot or the measured differential pressure is too high. This is associated with additional fuel consumption. An on-board diagnosis for the particulate filter is currently not part of the Euro 6d emission standard. For future exhaust emission standards, on-board diagnosis or active monitoring of the particulate filter is conceivable. One of the benefits of monitoring is the fact that unnecessary active regenerations can be avoided. As a result, there is no additional fuel consumption due to misinterpretations of the amount of soot in the filter. For active monitoring of the particulate filter, a radiofrequency (RF-) sensor, that detects the soot loading of the filter with electromagnetic waves directly, can be used. Such a system has the advantage that by utilizing the filter as a sensor more precise information about the current state of the filter, e.g. a possible damage, can be provided. Worst-case considerations of filter damages, tested at an engine test bench show the advantages which are entailed by a system like that. By means of partial regeneration of the particulate filter it is demonstrated how the remaining amount of soot in the filter can be detected in a better way in comparison to the differential pressure sensor by using the RF-sensor.
Power-to-Gas technologies in the energy sector and their role in the fight against climate change
(2020)
Megathema Wasserstoff: Power-to-X im Kontext der Energiewende und des Klimaschutzes in Deutschland
(2020)
Technologies status and perspectives of Power-to-Gas in connection with seasonal underground storage
(2019)
Die Liberalisierung der Blindleistung und Schaffung von regionalen nicht ausschreibungspflichtigen Q-Beschaffungsprozessen ermöglicht vor allem künftig erhebliche Kostenreduktionspotenziale. Allerdings ist die Etablierung mit umfangreichen Eingriffen in den heutigen Normen- und Gesetzesrahmen verbunden. Damit diese Potenziale gehoben werden können, bedarf es einerseits der Möglichkeit der Kostenanrechnung im Rahmen der Netznutzungsentgelte, andererseits eines Anreizsystems, sinnvoll und sorgsam mit Q umzugehen. Grundsätzlich ist vorher gründlich zu untersuchen, ob und ab welchem Zeitpunkt die Liberalisierung der Blindleistung zielführend ist und wie im Detail die Liberalisierung der Blindleistung auszugestalten wäre.