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For its third installment, the Data Science Challenge of the 19th symposium “Database Systems for Business, Technology and Web” (BTW) of the Gesellschaft für Informatik (GI) tackled the problem of predictive energy management in large production facilities. For the first time, this year’s challenge was organized as a cooperation between Technische Universität Dresden, GlobalFoundries, and ScaDS.AI Dresden/Leipzig. The Challenge’s participants were given real-world production and energy data from the semiconductor manufacturer GlobalFoundries and had to solve the problem of predicting the energy consumption for production equipment. The usage of real-world data gave the participants a hands-on experience of challenges in Big Data integration and analysis. After a leaderboard-based preselection round, the accepted participants presented their approach to an expert jury and audience in a hybrid format. In this article, we give an overview of the main points of the Data Science Challenge, like organization and problem description. Additionally, the winning team presents its solution.
Over the past few years, ontology merging, and ontology semantic alignment has gained significant interest as research topics in automotive application domain for finding solutions to semantic data heterogeneity. To accomplish the complex and novel vehicle service requirements such as autonomous driving, V2X (Vehicle-to-Vehicle communication), etc. the automotive applications involve collaborations of several platform-specific data from heterogeneous enterprises component frameworks and consequently there has been increase in data interoperability issues. At the application component level, data interoperability relies on the semantic alignment or mapping between the various component framework interfaces data models represented as XML schemas (XSD). With the XML schemas being the preferred standard for the interface description exchange between most of the automotive application domain components, however, the data interoperability between the semantically equivalent but structurally different data constructs of multiple heterogeneous XSDs stands as a challenge in the absence of an ontology-based approach. To confront this crucial requirement for data interoperability and to increase in effect the reuse of existing components through their interfaces, we propose an approach to semantically map the various component framework interface data models when expressed as ontology schemas, based on the exploration of semantic synergies. The transformation between XSD and RDF (Resource Description Framework) schema representations and the use of queries over the ontology schemas for semantic mapping are demonstrated including a real-world case study.
Internet of Things (IoT) devices are critical to operate and maintain, because of their number and high connectivity.
A lot of security issues concern IoT devices and the networks they
are integrated. To help getting an overview of an IoT network,
the devices and the security, we propose a scoring system to get
a good impression of IT security. This system generates single
scores for each device, using features like encryption, update
behavior, etc. Furthermore, a summarized score for the whole
network is calculated, to show the status of the network security
in an easy way for the administrator. To enable the scoring
system, a precise list of the existing devices and their operating
status is necessary. To achieve this, we present an open standard
for the IoT Device IdentificAtion and RecoGnition (short IoTAG),
which requires that devices report, e.g., their name, an unique ID,
the firmware version and the supported encryption. The proposed
standard is described in detail and an implementation guideline
is given in this paper. Additionally, information about how to
realize the serialization, the integrity and the communication
with IoTAG.
Der Einzug Künstlicher Intelligenz (KI) in die Medizin scheint angesichts der Nutzenpotenziale unvermeidlich. Durch den Agentencharakter KI-basierter Systeme ergeben sich teils neuartige normative An- und Herausforderungen. Für den hochgradig sensiblen Anwendungsbereich der Medizin erscheint es daher notwendig, den KI-Einsatz mit ethischen Leitlinien einzuhegen. Dies wirft die Frage auf, auf welche Erfahrungsbasis eine ethische Fundierung des Einsatzes KI-basierter Technik gestellt werden könnte. Damit ist kein Schluss vom Sein auf das Sollen gemeint, sondern die Berücksichtigung bereits geführter normativer Debatten. Eine Möglichkeit, sich der normativen Landschaft der KI anzunähern, liegt in der Auseinandersetzung mit der Entwicklungsgeschichte der KI und den damit verbundenen Debatten um ethische und soziale Aspekte. Mit diesem explorativen Ansatz können relevante Problemfelder identifiziert, vorläufige Gestaltungs- und Einsatzempfehlungen für KI-Systeme in der Praxis formuliert und Vorschläge zu deren Einbettung in existierende Organisationsstrukturen generiert werden.
In this work, a tensegrity structure with spatially curved members is applied as rolling locomotion system. The actuation of the structure allows a variation of the originally cylindrical shape to a conical shape. Moreover, the structure is equipped with internal movable masses to control the position of the center of mass of the structure. To control the locomotion system a reliable actuation strategy is required. Therefore, the kinematics of the system considering the nonholonomic constraints are derived in this paper. Based on the resulting insight in the locomotion behavior a feasible actuation strategy is designed to control the trajectory of the system. To verify this approach kinematic analyses are evaluated numerically. The simulation data confirm the path following due to an appropriate shape change of the tensegrity structure. Thus, this system enables a two-dimensional rolling locomotion.
The use of mechanically prestressed compliant structures in soft robotics is a recently discussed topic. Tensegrity structures, consisting of a set of rigid disconnected compressed members connected to a continuous net of prestressed elastic tensioned members build one specific class of these structures. Robots based on these structures have manifold shape changing abilities and can adapt their mechanical properties reversibly by changing of their prestress state according to specific tasks.
In the paper selected aspects on the potential use of elastomer materials in these structures are discussed with the help of theoretical analysis. Therefore, a selected basic tensegrity structure with elastomer members is investigated focusing on the stiffness and shape changing ability in dependence of the nonlinear hyperelastic behavior of the used elastomer materials. The considered structure is compared with a conventional tensegrity structure with linear elastic tensioned members. Finally, selected criterions for the advantageous use of elastomer materials in compliant tensegrity robots are discussed.
This paper describes a large-scale empirical study investigating the relevance of socio-technical congruence over key basic software quality metrics, namely, bugs and churn. That is, we explore whether alignment or misalignment of social communication structures and technical dependencies in large software projects influences software quality. To this end, we have defined a quantitative and operational notion of socio-technical congruence, which we call /socio-technical motif congruence/ (STMC). STMC is a measure of the degree to which developers working on the same file or on two related files, need to communicate. As socio-technical congruence is a complex and multi-faceted phenomenon, the interpretability of the results is one of our main concerns, so we have employed a careful mixed-methods statistical analysis. In particular, we provide analyses with similar techniques as employed by seminal work in the field to ensure comparability of our results with the existing body of work. The major result of our study, based on an analysis of 25 large open-source projects, is that STMC is /not/ related to project quality measures---software bugs and churn---in any temporal scenario. That is, we find no statistical relationship between the alignment of developer tasks and developer communications on one hand, and project outcomes on the other hand. We conclude that, wherefore congruence does matter as literature shows, then its measurable effect lies elsewhere.
Smart grid, smart metering, electromobility, and the regulation of the power network are keywords of the transition in energy politics. In the future, the power grid will be smart. Based on different works, this article presents a data collection, analyzing, and monitoring software for a reference smart grid. We discuss two possible architectures for collecting data from energy analyzers and analyze their performance with respect to real-time monitoring, load peak analysis, and automated regulation of the power grid. In the first architecture, we analyze the latency, needed bandwidth, and scalability for collecting data over the Modbus TCP/IP protocol and in the second one over a RESTful web service. The analysis results show that the solution with Modbus is more scalable as the one with RESTful web service. However, the performance and scalability of both architectures are sufficient for our reference smart grid and use cases.
Report Datenmigration
(2010)
Mehrere Terabyte Daten aus einem auf dem Mainframe laufenden COBOL-Programm auf eine SOA-Architektur unter Linux zu migrieren, stellt besondere Anforderungen an die Werkzeuge und Entwickler. Geschickte Kombination vorhandener Tools und effizienter Strategien vermeiden Stillstandszeiten und beschleunigen den Datentransfer.
We consider the development of software systems that integrate collaborative real-time modeling and distributed computing. Our main goal is user-orientation: we need a collaborative workspace for geographically dispersed users with a seamless access of every user to high-performance servers. This paper presents a particular prototype, Clayworks, that allows modeling of virtual clay objects and running computation-intensive deformation simulations for objects crashing into each other. In order to integrate heterogeneous computational resources, we adopt modern Grid middleware and provide the users with an intuitive graphical interface. Simulations are parallelized using a higher-order component (HOC) which abstracts over the web service resource framework (WSRF) used to interconnect our worksuite to the computation server. Clayworks is a representative of a large class of demanding systems which combine collaborative, user-oriented modeling with performance-critical computations, e.g., crash-tests or simulations of biological population evolution.