Fakultät Angewandte Natur- und Kulturwissenschaften
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NATO’s Concept Development and Experimentation (CD&E) works well for discrete technologies but is ill-suited to civil–military cooperation (CIMIC), where the ‘capability’ at stake is an interorganisational relationship. Drawing on regime-complex theory and organisational sociology, this paper argues that willingness to engage in joint CIMIC capability development hinges on legitimacy rather
than technical utility. A legitimacy-scale metaphor captures the trade-off: functional gains from collaboration load one side; identity risks, such as threats to neutrality, autonomy, or safety, load the other. Three ideal-type cases test the framework. In stabilisation missions, humanitarian neutrality is vital, the scale tips toward identity risk, and co-creation remains siloed. In sudden-onset disasters, shared life-saving objectives reduce identity costs, functional incentives dominate, and integrated trials flourish. Territorial- and collective-defence scenarios occupy the middle ground: acute threat perception opens selective, often low-profile windows for cooperation, yet unresolved legal and reputational questions still temper overt collaboration.
The analysis yields five practical lessons. First, legitimacy must be treated as a primary design variable. Second, the optimal depth of cooperation is context specific. Third, legitimacy-sensitive ‘safe-to-fail’ spaces – wargames, living labs, tabletop exercises – lower entry barriers. Fourth, structured reflection on legitimacy exposes red lines early and refines future joint efforts. Fifth, incremental processes can build trust and gradually relax legitimacy constraints. Recognising legitimacy as both constraint and resource allows practitioners to design CIMIC co-creation – and eventual experimentation – that is technically sound, politically acceptable, and ethically sustainable.
Experimenal method for studying electron beams in gaseous environments using a CMOS image sensor
(2025)
Detecting and analyzing electron beams in atmospheric conditions remains a significant challenge due to scattering and absorption of electrons by gas molecules. In this work, a novel approach using a CMOS image sensor for real-time electron beam detection after its transmission through air is presented. The setup enables visualization of beam divergence, emission profiles, and dynamic behavior under atmospheric pressure. Presented results demonstrate the potential of CMOS image sensor for electron beam analysis in gaseous environment.
Testing the performance of tungsten-graphite cathodes as MEMS Electron microscope electron source
(2025)
This work presents preliminary results of the performance testing of exfoliated graphene layers deposited on the nanotip of a tungsten field emission cathode. The obtained tungsten-graphite cathodes were then operated in a 3D-printed MEMS electron microscope testing model for later applications. The results were promising, where a maximum emission current of 50.2 μA was obtained with an extraction voltage of 1 kV and anode voltage of 3 kV.
In this paper we report on an improved measurement and analysis method for determining the emission current distribution of field emitter arrays with CMOS sensors. It can also be used for field emission arrays where not all surfaces of the emitters are at the same electrical potential (e.g. for p-doped Si tips, where a strong current saturation occurs). To demonstrate the functionality of this method, a n-doped field emission array was measured using a variable external series resistance. Brightness variations in emission spots were analyzed to re-calculate the known series resistances for comparison. The re-calculated value is in good agreement with the actual value of the resistance. This method offers a quantitative approach to assess internal voltage drop effects on field emission using optical readout
Die Arbeit stellt einen thermischen Wasserstoffsensor auf Siliziumbasis vor, der mit der 3-Omega Messmethode betrieben wird. Durch das dynamische Messverfahren, die große Sensoroberfläche bei gleichzeitig geringer thermischer Masse und der Materialkombination wird eine Auflösungsgrenze von 55 ppm Wasserstoff in Stickstoff erreicht.
Der Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über zwei typische Bauformen für Elektronenquellen auf der Basis von Feldemission aus Silizium. Des Weiteren wird eine typische Trioden-Beschaltung solcher Elektronenquellen für hohe Elektronentransmission vorgestellt und dabei auf ihre Leistungsfähigkeit eingegangen.
Boundary spanning—the actions and roles individuals or organizations undertake to bridge differences and facilitate communication, collaboration, and understanding across diverse cultural, organizational, or geographical divisions—is an essential element of international cooperation. Set against the backdrop of the Russia-Ukraine war, The purpose of this study is to explore the type of boundary spanning in this uncertain context, the linguistic characteristics of boundary spanners, the necessary skills and competencies required to navigate the complex socio-political landscape, and the role of boundary spanners in humanitarian assistance. This study employs a qualitative research approach, using semi-structured interviews with informants actively engaged in relief efforts and cross-cultural collaboration. The findings emphasized the significance of English as the primary language of communication, the importance of cultural sensitivity and awareness, and the need for intercultural competence in effective boundary spanning. The study concludes with insights from the ongoing Ukrainian experience of bridging geodemographic boundaries and the role of boundary spanners in this process, highlighting key aspects of boundary spanning. Overall, the study contributes to the theoretical background of boundary spanning and enhances the understanding of how linguistic and cultural boundary spanning can drive positive change and improve outcomes in humanitarian aid. The implications of this study suggest that underscore the critical need for collaboration with experienced boundary spanners in educational settings.
Due to the limited measuring range of commercial Pirani sensors in lower pressure regimes, attempts are being made to extend the measuring range of the sensors. Our approach to extend the measuring range toward lower pressures is a micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) Pirani sensor with active heat compensation on the suspensions. The sensor element has the shape of a microhotplate and consists of a nickel heating meander embedded in two silicon nitride layers. The whole structure is built on a silicon wafer. The sensor element is suspended on all four corners of the substrate. On each of the suspensions, there is an additional heating structure that minimizes the heat flux from the hot sensor element toward the substrate. The sensor is driven at a constant temperature through a self-balancing Wheatstone bridge. A constant voltage is applied to the heating structures on the suspensions. It has been demonstrated that with these additional heaters, the sensitivity of the sensor can be increased in the high-vacuum regime. This enables reliable vacuum measurements down to 10−6 mbar.
This paper addresses losses of power in Radial Distribution Systems (RDS), which significantly affect voltage levels and operational costs. The main aim is to optimize the positioning and size of Distributed Generation (DG) units, including Photovoltaic (PV) cells, and Wind Turbines (WT), to analyze the effect of DG placement in reducing the losses in power and enhancing the voltage profiles in radial distribution system (IEEE 33 bus system). This research employs Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), a robust algorithm well-suited for tackling non-linear optimization issues in order to identify the appropriate placement and size for DG units. A number of scenarios with varying numbers of DG units are simulated, indicating significant reductions in active as well as reactive power losses. Likewise, the consistency and reliability requirements of modern distribution systems are improved as the voltage profile is improved. The key findings demonstrate that optimal DG integration enhances system efficiency, contributes to operational cost savings, and improves grid stability. PSO was chosen for its ability to effectively balance computational effort while achieving high accuracy in minimizing the losses associated with power and enhancing voltage profiles. In contrast to traditional optimization techniques, PSO offers superior accuracy and efficiency in addressing the challenges of non-linear optimization in RDS.