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Im Beitrag wird das Konzept für einen 6 SWS Grundkurs der Regelungstechnik an der Fakultät Elektro- und Informationstechnik der OTH Regensburg vorgestellt. Ein wesentliches Merkmal des Konzeptes ist die konsequente und durchgehende Anwendung der Idee des constructive alignment auch für die Konzipierung einer kompetenzorientierten Prüfung. Ausgangspunkt der Entwicklung des neuen Konzepts war die Definition von Lernzielen für das gesamte Modul, die dann für jede einzelne Lehrveranstaltung detailliert wurden. Im Ergebnis gibt es einen genauen Plan für die Abfolge der einzelnen Lehrveranstaltungen zur Theorievermittlung, der Übungen und der Praktika sowie der jeweils zu erreichenden Lernziele. Basierend auf der Definition von Lernzielen wurde ein Drittel der Lehrveranstaltungen zur Theorievermittlung mit einem Blended learning Ansatz konzipiert. Für diesen müssen die Studierenden vor der eigentlichen Lehrveranstaltung einen spezifischen Lehrtext lesen und Fragen dazu beantworten. Sie haben außerdem die Möglichkeit, selbst Fragen an die Dozentin zu stellen. Basierend auf diesem Rücklauf kann die Dozentin den Inhalt der Präsenzphase auf die jeweilige Studierendengruppe anpassen und dadurch spezifisch auf die Anforderungen dieser Gruppe reagieren. Durch diese Just-in-Time Teaching (JiTT) Methode oder auch inverted classroom Methode wird auch den unterschiedlichen Vorkenntnissen der Studierenden Rechnung getragen. Die übrigen Lehrveranstaltungen zur Theorievermittlung werden als klassische Lehrveranstaltungen durchgeführt. Auch in diesen werden aktivierende Lehrmethoden wie die Peer Instruction oder Clicker Befragungen eingesetzt. Peer Instruction stellt nach eine ideale Ergänzung zu JiTT dar. Die Übungseinheiten und Praktika dienen dem weiteren Kompetenzerwerb im Sinne der komplexeren Lernziele. Insbesondere die Praktika fokussieren jeweils auf einen spezifischen Effekt, der gezielt gefestigt werden soll. Zusätzlich wurde als weitere Innovation eine sogenannte Landkarte der Regelungstechnik – also eine Visualisierung der Themengebiete der Regelungstechnik – erstellt. Diese dient regelmäßig in den Lehrveranstaltungen zur Unterstützung zusammenfassender Darstellungen und soll außerdem den Studierenden helfen, mehr Überblick über die Themengebiete und ihren Zusammenhang zu geben. Zum Abschluss des Beitrags werden einige Erfahrungen aus der Umstellungsphase vorgestellt – Ergebnisse aus diversen Befragungen und Rückmeldungen wie auch Auswertungen von Fragebögen.
In the era of digitalization, companies review how to build competitive advantage drawing on their capabilities. In this context, the paper revisits the concept of IT capabilities. We summarize the “canonical” body of literature to characterize how leading scholars conceptualized and differentiated IT capabilities and then we show how new types of IT capabilities (for example, rising from SMACIT technologies) relate to this. We find that the resource-based view is still leading in how to conceptualize IT capabilities. However, an alternative perspective on IT assets is emerging, looking at it from the angle of digital technologies as stacks. Digital technologies form the foundation for a new technology-driven perspective on IT capabilities. This new view complements the established differentiation of IT capabilities considering IT infrastructure flexibility, IT management, and IT personnel capability. Both perspectives describe the explorative and exploitative nature of IT capabilities. This paper helps scholars and practitioners to clearly distinguish different perspectives of IT capabilities on how to build a competitive advantage from IT today.
Lean IT
(2017)
The paper presents a research model and a measurement instrument for a research-in-progress study on the antecedents of success in IS offshoring projects. In this empirical-confirmatory study, we intend to analyse the impact of the constructs “offshoring expertise”, “trust in offshore service provider”, “project suitability”, “knowledge transfer”, and “liaison quality” on offshore project success. Constructs and indicators are derived from an extensive literature review. We plan to formulate a structural equation model and to test it using partial least squares (PLS) as an analysis technique. Our research model addresses the paucity of research that quantitatively examines offshoring success.
Lean Management has been successfully applied by companies around the world, mainly in production/manufacturing functions. Recently, the interest to investigate a wider application of Lean Management especially in service functions increased. However, it is not clear how Lean Management can be applied to IT organizations. Therefore, this study aims to provide an overview on common characteristics and future research directions. A literature review on existing scholarly research from January 2004 to June 2014 is conducted. Using a database-driven search approach, a total of 1,206 research contributions are found of which 49 were identified as relevant. Results indicate a low theory grounding of mostly formulative and interpretative research items. This implies that research on Lean Management of IT organizations is still at its nascent state. Content-wise, five research themes emerge. The majority of research investigates IT organizations in a role to support Lean Management in production/manufacturing functions (determining “what to work on”), therefore more research on how Lean Management can be applied to IT organizations themselves (determining “how to work”) could be beneficial. Future research could also try to build on Change Management theories, as the implementation of Lean Management is of transformational character.
Lean Management has been successfully applied in production/manufacturing functions since more than four decades. Recently, the interest to investigate Lean Management also in service functions increased. Therefore, this study aims to (1) Consolidate critical success factors (CSFs) for the implementation of Lean Management of IT organizations; and (2) Describe a theoretical foundation for these CSFs. With respect to (1) a database-driven search was conducted. CSFs then were extracted and categorized. In total 13 CSF groups were assigned to three dimensions: Mindset and behavior; Organization and skills; and Process facilitation and performance management. To understand underlying mechanisms better, and with respect to (2) we related existing (IS) theory to identified groups of CSFs. Especially, five theoretical concepts are discussed: Absorptive capacity, Agency theory, Cognitive dissonance, Dynamic capabilities, and System dynamics. Future research needs to validate the results of (1) and (2) empirically in IT functions.
In a comprehensive literature review, we identified 21 different terms used for Shadow IT related concepts. This variety makes it difficult to identify related research and build upon it. To address this ambiguity, we reduce the different terms to six distinct concepts by developing a taxonomy and examining their relation¬ships. We do so by using a rigorous iterative methodology to identify common characteristics and to classify terms along them. By clustering the results, we derive and visualize the taxonomy. The identified concepts are Feral Practices, Workarounds, Shadow IT, Shadow Systems, Un-enacted Projects, and Shadow Sourcing. We elaborate on the concepts along their characteristics and clearly define and delimit them. As a result, we create a guide for their usage, increase search- and comparability, and unify existing knowledge.
Lean Management has been successfully implemented in production organizations since several decades. The study at hand investigates the implementation of Lean Management to IT organizations (Lean IT). The study offers three contributions: First, it explains on a conceptual level how Lean Management can be transferred from production to IT organizations (philosophy, principles, tools). Second, it provides a theoretical perspective on why Lean IT can be beneficial for IT organizations (IT Slack theory). Third, it provides insights to the stated research questions (three benefits and three propositions) from an initial case study of an internal IT service provider for a large international insurance company (> US$25 Billion revenue; >20,000 employees; active in >120 countries) and lays out the research methodology and potential focus areas for further studies.
Lean management (LM) is well established in manufacturing organizations, and LM adoption in service organizations has recently increased. However, we lack research that focuses on the success of lean management implementations in IT organizations (lean IT). This paper contributes to knowledge of the success factors of lean IT implementation and the relative importance of each factor based on the insights of field experts. The experts identified, agreed on, and ranked 12 implementation success factors for lean IT in a Delphi study using the best/worst scaling technique. The most important factors were leadership involvement, change culture and work ethic, employee involvement, and performance management. Factors of intermediate importance were implementation facilitation, training and education, clear vision and direction, long-term focus, communication, and a holistic approach. Least important factors were existing skills, organizational changes/standardization, and financial resources. This paper contributes a more nuanced understanding of the relative importance of lean IT success factors, proposes relationships between them, and comprehensively explains how to use the rigorous best/worst scaling method in a traditional ranking-type Delphi study.