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Power-to-Gas and Power-to-X-The History and Results of Developing a New Storage Concept

  • Germany's energy transition, known as 'Energiewende', was always very progressive. However, it came technically to a halt at the question of large-scale, seasonal energy storage for wind and solar, which was not available. At the end of the 2000s, we combined our knowledge of both electrical and process engineering, imitated nature by copying photosynthesis and developed Power-to-Gas by combining water electrolysis with CO2-methanation to convert water and CO2 together with wind and solar power to synthetic natural gas. Storing green energy by coupling the electricity with the gas sector using its vast TWh-scale storage facility was the solution for the biggest energy problem of our time. This was the first concept that created the term 'sector coupling' or 'sectoral integration'. We first implemented demo sites, presented our work in research, industry and ministries, and applied it in many macroeconomic studies. It was an initial idea that inspired others to rethink electricity as well as eFuels as an energy source and energy carrier. We developed the concept further to include Power-to-Liquid, Power-to-Chemicals and other ways to 'convert' electricity into molecules and climate-neutral feedstocks, and named it 'Power-to-X'at the beginning of the 2010s.

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Metadaten
Author:Michael SternerORCiDGND, Michael Specht
URN:urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-26202
DOI:https://doi.org/10.3390/en14206594
Parent Title (English):Energies
Publisher:MDPI
Document Type:Article
Language:English
Year of first Publication:2021
Publishing Institution:Ostbayerische Technische Hochschule Regensburg
Release Date:2022/02/02
Tag:100% renewable energy scenarios; CARBON RECYCLING SYSTEM; CO2; METHANOL; Power-to-Gas; Power-to-Hydrogen; Power-to-Methane; Power-to-X; TRANSPORTATION; eFuels; electric fuels; energy transition; hydrogen; methanation; sector coupling; sectoral integration
Volume:14
Issue:20
Note:
Corresponding author: Michael Sterner
Institutes:Fakultät Elektro- und Informationstechnik
Fakultät Elektro- und Informationstechnik / Forschungsstelle für Energienetze und Energiespeicher (FENES) / Forschungsgruppe Energiespeicher
Begutachtungsstatus:peer-reviewed
OpenAccess Publikationsweg:Gold Open Access- Erstveröffentlichung in einem/als Open-Access-Medium
Corresponding author der OTH Regensburg
research focus:Energie und Mobilität
Licence (German):Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International