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Combined Ash and Soot Monitoring for Gasoline Particulate Filters Using a Radio-Frequency-Based Sensor

  • Increasingly stringent emission limits have made particulate filters necessary for gasoline engines. Similar to diesel applications, gasoline particulate filters (GPFs) can be monitored by differential pressure measurement or by the radio-frequency-based filter diagnosis (RF sensor). In addition to measuring the soot loading, ash detection is critical for monitoring the GPF over the entire vehicle lifetime. Because the RF sensor detects the filter loading through a change in the dielectric properties of the GPF, it can detect not only soot but also ash. In diesel applications, the RF sensor has already demonstrated its potential for ash detection. To verify the feasibility of simultaneous ash and soot monitoring for GPFs, filters were loaded with ash on an engine test bench and measured on a lab test bench under defined synthetic exhaust gas conditions. By evaluating resonant modes, soot and ash could be clearly distinguished, as ash mainly affects the resonant frequency, while soot also changes the quality factor due to its high dielectric losses. However, higher soot loadings could not be detected by the resonant parameters, but instead by a frequency-averaged transmission signal. While the presence of ash caused an offset in this signal, its sensitivity to soot was not affected. Thus, the influence of ash can be corrected if the signal in the soot-free filter state is known, e.g., from the behavior of the resonant parameters. Therefore, even with a continuously increasing ash loading over the lifetime of a vehicle, an accurate soot detection is possible with the RF sensor.

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Metadaten
Author:Stefanie Walter, Peter Schwanzer, Gunter Hagen, Hans-Peter Rabl, Markus Dietrich, Ralf Moos
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/s40825-023-00235-y
Parent Title (English):Emission Control Science and Technology
Publisher:Springer
Document Type:Article
Language:English
Year of first Publication:2023
Release Date:2024/02/07
Tag:Ash detection; Gasoline particulate flter; Radio-frequency; Soot mass determination
Pagenumber:9
Institutes:Fakultät Maschinenbau
Fakultät Maschinenbau / Combustion Engines and Emissions Control Laboratory (CEEC)
Begutachtungsstatus:peer-reviewed
research focus:Energie und Mobilität
OpenAccess Publikationsweg:Hybrid Open Access - OA-Veröffentlichung in einer Subskriptionszeitschrift/-medium
Licence (German):Keine Lizenz - Es gilt das deutsche Urheberrecht: § 53 UrhG