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Chemical Energy Storage

  • Purely electrical energy storage technologies are very efficient, however they are also very expensive and have the smallest capacities. Electrochemical-energy storage reaches higher capacities at smaller costs, but at the expense of efficiency. This pattern continues in a similar way for chemical-energy storage. In terms of capacities, the limits of batteries (accumulators) are reached when low-loss long-term storage is of need. Chemical-energy storage and stocking fulfills these requirements completely. The storing itself may be subject to significant efficiency losses, but, from today’s point of view and in combination with the existing gas and fuel infrastructure, it is the only national option with regards to the long-term storage of renewable energies. Chemical-energy storage is the backbone of today’s conventional energy supply. Solid (wood and coal), liquid (mineral oil), and gaseous (natural gas) energy carriers are ‘energy storages’ themselves, and are stored using different technologies. In the course of energy transition, chemical-energy storage will be of significant importance, mainly as long-term storage for the power sector, but also in the form of combustibles and fuels for transport and heat. Not only are conventional storing technologies discussed within this chapter, but a detailed explanation is also given about the storage of renewable energies in the form of gaseous (power-to-gas, PtG) and liquid (power-to-liquid, PtL) energy carriers for electricity, heat, chemicals, and in the form of synthetic fuels.

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Author:Michael SternerORCiDGND, Franz Bauer, Fritz Crotogino, Fabian Eckert, Christian von Olshausen, Daniel Teichmann, Martin Thema
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-55504-0_8
ISBN:978-3-662-55503-3
Parent Title (English):Handbook of Energy Storage
Publisher:Springer
Place of publication:Berlin, Heidelberg
Editor:Michael Sterner, Ingo Stadler
Document Type:Part of a Book
Language:English
Year of first Publication:2019
Release Date:2022/02/15
First Page:325
Last Page:482
Institutes:Fakultät Elektro- und Informationstechnik
Fakultät Elektro- und Informationstechnik / Forschungsstelle für Energienetze und Energiespeicher (FENES) / Forschungsgruppe Energiespeicher
research focus:Energie und Mobilität
Licence (German):Keine Lizenz - Es gilt das deutsche Urheberrecht: § 53 UrhG