TY - JOUR A1 - Barthel, Mareike A1 - Süß, Franz A1 - Dendorfer, Sebastian T1 - Application of a transformer encoder for the prediction of intra-abdominal pressure JF - Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering N2 - Intra-abdominal pressure is a significant physiological parameter influencing spinal stability and pelvic floor health. This study investigates the potential of a transformer encoder model to predict IAP using motion capture data and musculoskeletal modeling. Data from 211 subjects performing walking, fast walking, and running were used to train a transformer encoder. The model showed promising results with an overall Mean Absolute Percentage Error of 13.5% and a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.85. Predictions for fast walking and running proved to be more challenging compared to walking, which was attributed to the greater variability and complexity of faster movements. KW - Intra-abdominal pressure KW - transformer encoder KW - machine learning KW - motion capture KW - musculoskeletal modeling Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/10255842.2025.2586143 N1 - Corresponding author der OTH Regensburg: Mareike Barthel PB - Taylor & Francis ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Reicheneder, Matthias A1 - Westner, Markus A1 - Matschi, Markus T1 - IT nearshoring and offshoring in German large companies: current status, motives and selection criteria N2 - This study analyses current IT nearshoring and offshoring practices in large German companies. For this purpose, 33 CIOs and IT managers were interviewed. Due to the shortage of skilled labour in Germany, the main driver behind the geographical relocation of IT services abroad is the availability of resources in other countries. This also applies to the selection of suitable IT services for nearshoring and offshoring. While IT near- and offshoring was historically initiated primarily due to cost savings, this aspect plays a subordinate role today. Although the interviewees still see cost savings as a benefit, they expect this advantage to erode in the future due to the narrowing gap in international cost differences. Companies are mainly offshoring application services but are increasingly recognising the potential to have higher-value tasks, e.g. project management and enterprise architecture management, performed from geographically more distant countries. Companies that only engage in IT nearshoring provide less than a third of their IT services in this way. Companies with IT offshoring presences have a higher degree of IT nearshoring/offshoring and perform almost half of their IT services abroad using their own resources. The most popular countries are Portugal for nearshoring and India for offshoring. KW - Nearshoring KW - Offshoring KW - IT Services KW - Drivers KW - Selection Criteria KW - Large Companies KW - Study Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-85311 N1 - This document is an English translation of the article: Reicheneder, M., Westner, M. & Matschi, M. IT-Near- und Offshoring in deutschen Großunternehmen: Aktueller Stand, Motive und Auswahlkriterien. HMD (2025). https://doi.org/10.1365/s40702-025-01150-2 N1 - Die deutsche Originalveröffentlichung ist abgelegt unter: https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-oth-regensburg/frontdoor/index/index/start/0/rows/10/sortfield/score/sortorder/desc/searchtype/simple/query/IT-Near-+und+Offshoring+in+deutschen+Gro%C3%9Funternehmen%3A+Aktueller+Stand%2C+Motive+und+Auswahlkriterien/docId/7958 CY - Regensburg ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Westner, Markus A1 - Preiss, Niklas T1 - Unraveling jingle-jangle fallacies in digital assistant technologies : a comprehensive systematic review and research agenda T2 - Proceedings of tenth international congress on information and communication technology : ICICT 2025, London, Volume 9 N2 - Digital assistant technologies (DATs) such as chatbots, virtual assistants, and intelligent agents have gained widespread attention, yet inconsistent terminology remains a critical challenge. The fragmented nature of previous research has led to significant confusion due to overlapping and interchangeable use of terms across industries. This systematic literature review, following the PRISMA protocol, consolidates the current state of knowledge on DATs and addresses the prevalent jingle-jangle fallacies in their terminology. Analysis of 137 articles identified keycharacteristics, applications, and conceptual overlaps of various DATs, uncovering 39 distinct technologies categorized under three overarching concepts: assistants, chatbots, and agents. Despite shared functionalities, terminological inconsistencies persist across different sectors, presenting challenges for both academic research and practical implementation. This review emphasizes the need for standardized terminology and clearer classification frameworks to facilitate broader DAT adoption across organizational contexts. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-6438-2_15 SP - 199 EP - 227 PB - Springer ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schmiedt, Anja Bettina A1 - Cramer, Erhard T1 - Generalized Ng–Kundu–Chan model of adaptive progressive Type‐II censoring and related inference JF - Naval Research Logistics (NRL) N2 - The model of adaptive progressive Type‐II censoring introduced by Ng et al. (2009) (referred to as Ng–Kundu–Chan model) is extended to allow switching from a given initial censoring plan to any arbitrary given plan of the same length. In this generalized model, the joint distribution of the failure times and the corresponding likelihood function is derived. It is illustrated that the computation of maximum likelihood and Bayesian estimates are along the same lines as for standard progressive Type‐II censoring. However, the distributional properties of the estimators will usually be different since the censoring plan actually applied in the (generalized) Ng–Kundu–Chan model is random. As already mentioned in Cramer and Iliopoulos (2010), we directly show that the normalized spacings are independent and identically exponentially distributed. However, it turns out that the spacings themselves are generally dependent with mixtures of exponential distributions as marginals. These results are used to study linear estimators. Finally, we propose an algorithm for generating random numbers in the generalized Ng–Kundu–Chan model and present some simulation results. The results obtained also provide new findings in the original Ng–Kundu–Chan model; the corresponding implications are highlighted. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/nav.22152 SN - 0894-069X VL - 71 IS - 3 SP - 389 EP - 415 PB - Wiley ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hammer, Pascal A1 - Mottok, Jürgen T1 - Prototyping for high-performance random number generators for critical systems T2 - 2025 International Conference on Applied Electronics (AE), 08-09. September 2025, Pilsen Czech Republic N2 - The security of modern cryptographic applications depends on the quality of their random number generators (RNGs). While physical true random number generators (PTRNGs) provide high-quality randomness, their performance is often insufficient for high-throughput applications. On the other hand, deterministic random number generators (DRNGs) offer better speed but lack true randomness. This paper presents an approach to developing a high-performance PTRNG. The research focuses on optimizing the digitization of analog noise signals. For this purpose, an ADC was selected that can digitize analog signals at a high clock rate. The functionality of the ADC could be verified by digitizing reference signals. Preliminary results by digitizing the analog noise signal demonstrates the feasibility of the proposed approach, but highlight challenges in achieving good results for Min-Entropy. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/AE66163.2025.11197780 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Klausmann, Leonard A1 - Rueckert, Tobias A1 - Rauber, David A1 - Maerkl, Raphaela A1 - Yildiran, Suemeyye R. A1 - Gutbrod, Max A1 - Palm, Christoph T1 - DIY challenge blueprint: from organization to technical realization in biomedical image analysis T2 - Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention - MICCAI 2025 ; Proceedings Part XI N2 - Biomedical image analysis challenges have become the de facto standard for publishing new datasets and benchmarking different state-of-the-art algorithms. Most challenges use commercial cloud-based platforms, which can limit custom options and involve disadvantages such as reduced data control and increased costs for extended functionalities. In contrast, Do-It-Yourself (DIY) approaches have the capability to emphasize reliability, compliance, and custom features, providing a solid basis for low-cost, custom designs in self-hosted systems. Our approach emphasizes cost efficiency, improved data sovereignty, and strong compliance with regulatory frameworks, such as the GDPR. This paper presents a blueprint for DIY biomedical imaging challenges, designed to provide institutions with greater autonomy over their challenge infrastructure. Our approach comprehensively addresses both organizational and technical dimensions, including key user roles, data management strategies, and secure, efficient workflows. Key technical contributions include a modular, containerized infrastructure based on Docker, integration of open-source identity management, and automated solution evaluation workflows. Practical deployment guidelines are provided to facilitate implementation and operational stability. The feasibility and adaptability of the proposed framework are demonstrated through the MICCAI 2024 PhaKIR challenge with multiple international teams submitting and validating their solutions through our self-hosted platform. This work can be used as a baseline for future self-hosted DIY implementations and our results encourage further studies in the area of biomedical image analysis challenges. KW - Biomedical challenges KW - Image analysis KW - Blueprint KW - Do-It-Yourself KW - Self-hosting Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-032-05141-7 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-05141-7_9 SP - 85 EP - 95 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Safi, Hila A1 - Bandic, Medina A1 - Niedermeier, Christoph A1 - Almudever, Carmen G. A1 - Feld, Sebastian A1 - Mauerer, Wolfgang T1 - Stacking the odds: full-stack quantum system design space exploration JF - EPJ Quantum Technology N2 - Design space exploration (DSE) plays an important role in optimising quantum circuit execution by systematically evaluating different configurations of compilation strategies and hardware settings. In this paper, we conduct a comprehensive investigation into the impact of various layout methods, qubit routing techniques, and optimisation levels, as well as device-specific properties such as different variants and strengths of noise and imperfections, the topological structure of qubits, connectivity densities, and back-end sizes. By spanning through these dimensions, we aim to understand the interplay between compilation choices and hardware characteristics. A key question driving our exploration is whether the optimal selection of device parameters, mapping techniques, comprising of initial layout strategies and routing heuristics can mitigate device induced errors beyond standard error mitigation approaches. Our results show that carefully selecting software strategies (e.g., mapping and routing algorithms) and tailoring hardware characteristics (such as minimising noise and leveraging topology and connectivity density) significantly improve the fidelity of circuit execution outcomes, and thus the expected correctness or success probability of the computational result. We provide estimates based on key metrics such as circuit depth, gate count and expected fidelity. Our results highlight the importance of hardware–software co-design, particularly as quantum systems scale to larger dimensions, and along the way towards fully error corrected quantum systems: Our study is based on computationally noisy simulations, but considers various implementations of quantum error correction (QEC) using the same approach as for other algorithms. The observed sensitivity of circuit fidelity to noise and connectivity suggests that co-design principles will be equally critical when integrating QEC in future systems. Our exploration provides practical guidelines for co-optimising physical mapping, qubit routing, and hardware configurations in realistic quantum computing scenarios. Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-85157 N1 - Corresponding author der OTH Regensburg: Hila Safi VL - 12 PB - Springer CY - Heidelberg ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Graf, Julian A1 - Hachani, Murad A1 - Fischer, Sebastian A1 - Hackenberg, Rudolf T1 - A heuristic packet processing model for improved encrypted network analysis T2 - CSCS '25: Proceedings of the 2nd Cyber Security in CarS Workshop N2 - Modern networked systems, such as those in the automotive sector, face increasing complexity and growing attack surfaces due to the rise of interconnected and data-driven technologies. Detecting malicious behavior in these environments requires efficient and scalable methods that can operate reliably despite limited resources and high communication volumes. This paper proposes a heuristic packet processing model designed to support intrusion detection based on structural and temporal characteristics of encrypted network traffic. The model follows a modular architecture consisting of four key phases: recording, sorting, prioritizing, and analyzing. At the core of the approach is the Polymetric Queueing Topology Space, a feature space that combines statistical and time series attributes derived from model structure and flow data. These features serve as input for machine learning models, which can effectively distinguish between benign and intrusion traffic patterns without relying on packet data beyond the transport layer. The approach was evaluated using the publicly available ToN_IoT dataset and demonstrated that reliable classification is achievable using a subset of the developed feature space that contains model-derived traffic features. We used Random Forest for supervised binary and multi-class classification achieving high accuracy scores of 99% for binary and 98% for multi-class classification. Additionally, for unsupervised anomaly detection, we created an Isolation Forest model accomplishing F1-scores of 0.92 for the benign and 0.96 for intrusion class. The architecture is designed to enable dynamic traffic prioritization and to offer a flexible foundation that can observe diverse network domains while maintaining efficient performance under constrained computational conditions. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1145/3736130.3764510 PB - ACM CY - New York, USA ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hauser, Dominic A1 - Graf, Julian A1 - Fischer, Sebastian T1 - SEPP – Security Education and Penetration-Testing Platform for IoT T2 - Conference programme & abstract book N2 - The Internet of Things (IoT) is becoming a major part of our everyday lives, offering convenience and smarter solutions, but also bringing significant security challenges. While theoretical knowledge in IoT security is essential, studies have shown that practical content can be an essential part of internalizing understanding. To address this, we developed the Security Education and Penetration-Testing Platform (SEPP) as the practical component of an existing IoT security course at the OTH Regensburg. SEPP uses real IoT devices like smart locks, cameras, and plugs, simulating a smart home environment to make learning interactive and engaging. Students can explore vulnerabilities, conduct penetration tests, and document their findings through structured exercises. By working on tasks like network scanning, analyzing data traffic, and simulating attacks, students gain a deeper understanding of IoT security risks. Initial tests show that this approach helps students apply their theoretical knowledge and significantly improve their practical skills. This paper explains how SEPP was built, the exercises it offers, and why it’s an important step forward in teaching IoT security effectively. Furthermore, we aim to share the findings and tasks from this paper with other universities, providing them with a solid foundation to teach practical IoT security knowledge in their own courses. Y1 - 2025 UR - https://iafor.org/archives/conference-programmes/ece/ece-programme-2025.pdf SN - 2433-7544 SP - 101 PB - IAFOR ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fischer, Sebastian T1 - The persistent problems with cybersecurity : a negative example and an outlook on the Cyber Resilience Act Y1 - 2025 UR - https://www.iaria.org/conferences2025/filesDataSys25/Keynote_SebastianFischer_ThePersistentProblem.pdf PB - IARIA ER -