TY - JOUR A1 - Dammers, Jürgen A1 - Axer, Markus A1 - Gräßel, David A1 - Palm, Christoph A1 - Zilles, Karl A1 - Amunts, Katrin A1 - Pietrzyk, Uwe T1 - Signal enhancement in polarized light imaging by means of independent component analysis JF - NeuroImage N2 - Polarized light imaging (PLI) enables the evaluation of fiber orientations in histological sections of human postmortem brains, with ultra-high spatial resolution. PLI is based on the birefringent properties of the myelin sheath of nerve fibers. As a result, the polarization state of light propagating through a rotating polarimeter is changed in such a way that the detected signal at each measurement unit of a charged-coupled device (CCD) camera describes a sinusoidal signal. Vectors of the fiber orientation defined by inclination and direction angles can then directly be derived from the optical signals employing PLI analysis. However, noise, light scatter and filter inhomogeneities interfere with the original sinusoidal PLI signals. We here introduce a novel method using independent component analysis (ICA) to decompose the PLI images into statistically independent component maps. After decomposition, gray and white matter structures can clearly be distinguished from noise and other artifacts. The signal enhancement after artifact rejection is quantitatively evaluated in 134 histological whole brain sections. Thus, the primary sinusoidal signals from polarized light imaging can be effectively restored after noise and artifact rejection utilizing ICA. Our method therefore contributes to the analysis of nerve fiber orientation in the human brain within a micrometer scale. KW - Bildgebendes Verfahren KW - Polarisiertes Licht KW - Signalverarbeitung KW - Signaltrennung KW - Komponentenanalyse KW - Gehirn Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.08.059 VL - 49 IS - 2 SP - 1241 EP - 1248 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Palm, Christoph A1 - Axer, Markus A1 - Gräßel, David A1 - Dammers, Jürgen A1 - Lindemeyer, Johannes A1 - Zilles, Karl A1 - Pietrzyk, Uwe A1 - Amunts, Katrin T1 - Towards ultra-high resolution fibre tract mapping of the human brain BT - registration of polarised light images and reorientation of fibre vectors JF - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience N2 - Polarised light imaging (PLI) utilises the birefringence of the myelin sheaths in order to visualise the orientation of nerve fibres in microtome sections of adult human post-mortem brains at ultra-high spatial resolution. The preparation of post-mortem brains for PLI involves fixation, freezing and cutting into 100-μm-thick sections. Hence, geometrical distortions of histological sections are inevitable and have to be removed for 3D reconstruction and subsequent fibre tracking. We here present a processing pipeline for 3D reconstruction of these sections using PLI derived multimodal images of post-mortem brains. Blockface images of the brains were obtained during cutting; they serve as reference data for alignment and elimination of distortion artefacts. In addition to the spatial image transformation, fibre orientation vectors were reoriented using the transformation fields, which consider both affine and subsequent non-linear registration. The application of this registration and reorientation approach results in a smooth fibre vector field, which reflects brain morphology. PLI combined with 3D reconstruction and fibre tracking is a powerful tool for human brain mapping. It can also serve as an independent method for evaluating in vivo fibre tractography. KW - Bildgebendes Verfahren KW - Dreidimensionale Bildverarbeitung KW - Polarisiertes Licht KW - Gehirnkarte Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/neuro.09.009.2010 VL - 4 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schubert, Nicole A1 - Pietrzyk, Uwe A1 - Reißel, Martin A1 - Palm, Christoph T1 - Reduktion von Rissartefakten durch nicht-lineare Registrierung in histologischen Schnittbildern T2 - Bildverarbeitung für die Medizin 2009; Algorithmen - Systeme - Anwendungen; Proceedings des Workshops vom 22. bis 25. März 2009 in Heidelberg N2 - In dieser Arbeit wird ein Verfahren vorgestellt, das Rissartefakte, die in histologischen Rattenhirnschnitten vorkommen können, durch nicht-lineare Registrierung reduziert. Um die Optimierung in der Rissregion zu leiten, wird der Curvature Registrierungsansatz um eine Metrik basierend auf der Segmentierung der Bilder erweitert. Dabei erzielten Registrierungen mit der ausschließlichen Segmentierung des Risses bessere Ergebnisse als Registrierungen mit einer Segmentierung des gesamten Hirnschnitts. Insgesamt zeigt sich eine deutliche Verbesserung in der Rissregion, wobei der verbleibende reduzierte Riss auf die Glattheitsbedingungen des Regularisierers zurückzuführen ist. KW - Registrierung KW - Nichtlineare Optimierung KW - Bildsegmentierung KW - Gehirn KW - Schnittdarstellung Y1 - 2009 UR - http://sunsite.informatik.rwth-aachen.de/Publications/CEUR-WS/Vol-446/p410.pdf SP - 410 EP - 414 PB - Springer CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Becker, Johanna Sabine A1 - Zoriy, Miroslav A1 - Matusch, Andreas A1 - Wu, Bei A1 - Salber, Dagmar A1 - Palm, Christoph A1 - Becker, Julia Susanne T1 - Bioimaging of Metals by Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) JF - Mass Spectrometry Reviews N2 - The distribution analysis of (essential, beneficial, or toxic) metals (e.g., Cu, Fe, Zn, Pb, and others), metalloids, and non‐metals in biological tissues is of key interest in life science. Over the past few years, the development and application of several imaging mass spectrometric techniques has been rapidly growing in biology and medicine. Especially, in brain research metalloproteins are in the focus of targeted therapy approaches of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, or stroke, or tumor growth. Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA‐ICP‐MS) using double‐focusing sector field (LA‐ICP‐SFMS) or quadrupole‐based mass spectrometers (LA‐ICP‐QMS) has been successfully applied as a powerful imaging (mapping) technique to produce quantitative images of detailed regionally specific element distributions in thin tissue sections of human or rodent brain. Imaging LA‐ICP‐QMS was also applied to investigate metal distributions in plant and animal sections to study, for example, the uptake and transport of nutrient and toxic elements or environmental contamination. The combination of imaging LA‐ICP‐MS of metals with proteomic studies using biomolecular mass spectrometry identifies metal‐containing proteins and also phosphoproteins. Metal‐containing proteins were imaged in a two‐dimensional gel after electrophoretic separation of proteins (SDS or Blue Native PAGE). Recent progress in LA‐ICP‐MS imaging as a stand‐alone technique and in combination with MALDI/ESI‐MS for selected life science applications is summarized. KW - Bildgebendes Verfahren KW - ICP-Massenspektrometrie KW - Metalle KW - Metallproteide KW - Elektrophorese KW - Gehirnkarte KW - Bioimaging of metals KW - Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry KW - metal distribution KW - metallomics KW - neurodegenerative diseases Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/mas.20239 VL - 29 SP - 156 EP - 175 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ilgner, Justus F. R. A1 - Palm, Christoph A1 - Schütz, Andreas G. A1 - Spitzer, Klaus A1 - Westhofen, Martin A1 - Lehmann, Thomas M. T1 - Colour Texture Analysis for Quantitative Laryngoscopy JF - Acta Otolaryngologica N2 - Whilst considerable progress has been made in enhancing the quality of indirect laryngoscopy and image processing, the evaluation of clinical findings is still based on the clinician's judgement. The aim of this paper was to examine the feasibility of an objective computer-based method for evaluating laryngeal disease. Digitally recorded images obtained by 90 degree- and 70 degree-angled indirect rod laryngoscopy using standardized white balance values were made of 16 patients and 19 healthy subjects. The digital images were evaluated manually by the clinician based on a standardized questionnaire, and suspect lesions were marked and classified on the image. Following colour separation, normal vocal cord areas as well as suspect lesions were analyzed automatically using co-occurrence matrices, which compare colour differences between neighbouring pixels over a predefined distance. Whilst colour histograms did not provide sufficient information for distinguishing between healthy and diseased tissues, consideration of the blue content of neighbouring pixels enabled a correct classification in 81.4% of cases. If all colour channels (red, green and blue) were regarded simultaneously, the best classification correctness obtained was 77.1%. Although only a very basic classification differentiating between healthy and diseased tissue was attempted, the results showed progress compared to grey-scale histograms, which have been evaluated before. The results document a first step towards an objective, machine-based classification of laryngeal images, which could provide the basis for further development of an expert system for use in indirect laryngoscopy. KW - diagnostic laryngoscopy KW - electronic imaging KW - endoscopy KW - neoplastic larynx disease Y1 - 2003 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/00016480310000412 VL - 123 SP - 730 EP - 734 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Palm, Christoph A1 - Vieten, Andrea A1 - Salber, Dagmar A1 - Pietrzyk, Uwe T1 - Evaluation of Registration Strategies for Multi-modality Images of Rat Brain Slices JF - Physics in Medicine and Biology N2 - In neuroscience, small-animal studies frequently involve dealing with series of images from multiple modalities such as histology and autoradiography. The consistent and bias-free restacking of multi-modality image series is obligatory as a starting point for subsequent non-rigid registration procedures and for quantitative comparisons with positron emission tomography (PET) and other in vivo data. Up to now, consistency between 2D slices without cross validation using an inherent 3D modality is frequently presumed to be close to the true morphology due to the smooth appearance of the contours of anatomical structures. However, in multi-modality stacks consistency is difficult to assess. In this work, consistency is defined in terms of smoothness of neighboring slices within a single modality and between different modalities. Registration bias denotes the distortion of the registered stack in comparison to the true 3D morphology and shape. Based on these metrics, different restacking strategies of multi-modality rat brain slices are experimentally evaluated. Experiments based on MRI-simulated and real dual-tracer autoradiograms reveal a clear bias of the restacked volume despite quantitatively high consistency and qualitatively smooth brain structures. However, different registration strategies yield different inter-consistency metrics. If no genuine 3D modality is available, the use of the so-called SOP (slice-order preferred) or MOSOP (modality-and-slice-order preferred) strategy is recommended. KW - Histologie KW - Bildgebendes Verfahren KW - Schnittdarstellung KW - Multimodales Verfahren Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/54/10/021 VL - 54 IS - 10 SP - 3269 EP - 3289 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Axer, Markus A1 - Amunts, Katrin A1 - Gräßel, David A1 - Palm, Christoph A1 - Dammers, Jürgen A1 - Axer, Hubertus A1 - Pietrzyk, Uwe A1 - Zilles, Karl T1 - Novel Approach to the Human Connectome BT - Ultra-High Resolution Mapping of Fiber Tracts in the Brain JF - NeuroImage N2 - Signal transmission between different brain regions requires connecting fiber tracts, the structural basis of the human connectome. In contrast to animal brains, where a multitude of tract tracing methods can be used, magnetic resonance (MR)-based diffusion imaging is presently the only promising approach to study fiber tracts between specific human brain regions. However, this procedure has various inherent restrictions caused by its relatively low spatial resolution. Here, we introduce 3D-polarized light imaging (3D-PLI) to map the three-dimensional course of fiber tracts in the human brain with a resolution at a submillimeter scale based on a voxel size of 100 μm isotropic or less. 3D-PLI demonstrates nerve fibers by utilizing their intrinsic birefringence of myelin sheaths surrounding axons. This optical method enables the demonstration of 3D fiber orientations in serial microtome sections of entire human brains. Examples for the feasibility of this novel approach are given here. 3D-PLI enables the study of brain regions of intense fiber crossing in unprecedented detail, and provides an independent evaluation of fiber tracts derived from diffusion imaging data. KW - Connectome KW - Human brain KW - Method KW - Polarized light imaging KW - Tractography KW - Systems biology KW - Bildgebendes Verfahren KW - Dreidimensionale Bildverarbeitung KW - Polarisiertes Licht KW - Gehirnkarte Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.08.075 VL - 54 IS - 2 SP - 1091 EP - 1101 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Eiben, Björn A1 - Palm, Christoph A1 - Pietrzyk, Uwe A1 - Davatzikos, Christos A1 - Amunts, Katrin T1 - Error Correction using Registration for Blockface Volume Reconstruction of Serial Histological Sections of the Human Brain T2 - Bildverarbeitung für die Medizin 2010; Algorithmen - Systeme - Anwendungen ; Proceedings des Workshops vom 22. bis 25. März 2009 in Heidelberg N2 - For accurate registration of histological sections blockface images are frequently used as three dimensional reference. However, due to the use of endocentric lenses the images suffer from perspective errors such as scaling and seemingly relative movement of planes which are located in different distances parallel to the imaging sensor. The suggested correction of those errors is based on the estimation of scaling factors derived from image registration of regions characterized by differing distances to the point of view in neighboring sections. The correction allows the generation of a consistent three dimensional blockface volume. KW - Histologie KW - Diagnostik KW - Bildgebendes Verfahren KW - Schnittdarstellung KW - Fehlerbehandlung Y1 - 2010 UR - http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-574/bvm2010_61.pdf SP - 301 EP - 305 PB - Springer CY - Berlin ER - TY - GEN A1 - Beyer, Thomas A1 - Weigert, Markus A1 - Palm, Christoph A1 - Quick, Harald H. A1 - Müller, Stefan P. A1 - Pietrzyk, Uwe A1 - Vogt, Florian A1 - Martinez, M.J. A1 - Bockisch, Andreas T1 - Towards MR-based attenuation correction for whole-body PET/MR imaging T2 - The Journal of Nuclear Medicine KW - Kernspintomografie KW - Positronen-Emissions-Tomografie KW - Bildgebendes Verfahren KW - Schwächung Y1 - 2006 UR - http://jnm.snmjournals.org/content/47/suppl_1/384P.1.abstract VL - 47 IS - Suppl. 1 SP - 384P ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gräßel, David A1 - Axer, Markus A1 - Palm, Christoph A1 - Dammers, Jürgen A1 - Amunts, Katrin A1 - Pietrzyk, Uwe A1 - Zilles, Karl T1 - Visualization of Fiber Tracts in the Postmortem Human Brain by Means of Polarized Light T2 - NeuroImage KW - Gehirn KW - Bildgebendes Verfahren KW - Polarisiertes Licht KW - Pathologische Anatomie Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1053-8119(09)71415-6 VL - 47 IS - Suppl. 1 SP - 142 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Weigert, Markus A1 - Beyer, Thomas A1 - Quick, Harald H. A1 - Pietrzyk, Uwe A1 - Palm, Christoph A1 - Müller, Stefan P. T1 - Generation of a MRI reference data set for the validation of automatic, non-rigid image co-registration algorithms T2 - Nuklearmedizin KW - Kernspintomografie KW - Referenzdaten KW - Registrierung KW - Algorithmus Y1 - 2007 VL - 46 IS - 2 SP - A116 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Souza Jr., Luis Antonio de A1 - Mendel, Robert A1 - Strasser, Sophia A1 - Ebigbo, Alanna A1 - Probst, Andreas A1 - Messmann, Helmut A1 - Papa, João Paulo A1 - Palm, Christoph T1 - Convolutional Neural Networks for the evaluation of cancer in Barrett’s esophagus: Explainable AI to lighten up the black-box JF - Computers in Biology and Medicine N2 - Even though artificial intelligence and machine learning have demonstrated remarkable performances in medical image computing, their level of accountability and transparency must be provided in such evaluations. The reliability related to machine learning predictions must be explained and interpreted, especially if diagnosis support is addressed. For this task, the black-box nature of deep learning techniques must be lightened up to transfer its promising results into clinical practice. Hence, we aim to investigate the use of explainable artificial intelligence techniques to quantitatively highlight discriminative regions during the classification of earlycancerous tissues in Barrett’s esophagus-diagnosed patients. Four Convolutional Neural Network models (AlexNet, SqueezeNet, ResNet50, and VGG16) were analyzed using five different interpretation techniques (saliency, guided backpropagation, integrated gradients, input × gradients, and DeepLIFT) to compare their agreement with experts’ previous annotations of cancerous tissue. We could show that saliency attributes match best with the manual experts’ delineations. Moreover, there is moderate to high correlation between the sensitivity of a model and the human-and-computer agreement. The results also lightened that the higher the model’s sensitivity, the stronger the correlation of human and computational segmentation agreement. We observed a relevant relation between computational learning and experts’ insights, demonstrating how human knowledge may influence the correct computational learning. KW - Deep Learning KW - Künstliche Intelligenz KW - Computerunterstützte Medizin KW - Barrett's esophagus KW - Adenocarcinoma KW - Machine learning KW - Explainable artificial intelligence KW - Computer-aided diagnosis Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-20126 SN - 0010-4825 VL - 135 SP - 1 EP - 14 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Pietrzyk, Uwe A1 - Bauer, Dagmar A1 - Vieten, Andrea A1 - Bauer, Andreas A1 - Langen, Karl-Josef A1 - Zilles, Karl A1 - Palm, Christoph T1 - Creating consistent 3D multi-modality data sets from autoradiographic and histological images of the rat brain T2 - IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record N2 - Volumetric representations of autoradiographic and histological images gain ever more interest as a base to interpret data obtained with /spl mu/-imaging devices like microPET. Beyond supporting spatial orientation within rat brains especially autoradiographic images may serve as a base to quantitatively evaluate the complex uptake patterns of microPET studies with receptor ligands or tumor tracers. They may also serve for the development of rat brain atlases or data models, which can be explored during further image analysis or simulation studies. In all cases a consistent spatial representation of the rat brain, i.e. its anatomy and the corresponding quantitative uptake pattern, is required. This includes both, a restacking of the individual two-dimensional images and the exact registration of the respective volumes. We propose strategies how these volumes can be created in a consistent way and trying to limit the requirements on the circumstances during data acquisition, i.e. being independent from other sources like video imaging of the block face prior to cutting or high resolution micro-X-ray CT or micro MRI. KW - Neoplasms KW - Data models KW - Image analysis KW - Brain modeling KW - Analytical models KW - Anatomy KW - Data acquisition KW - High-resolution imaging KW - Image resolution KW - Computed tomography Y1 - 2004 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.2004.1466754 VL - 6 SP - 4001 EP - 4003 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bauer, Dagmar A1 - Hamacher, Kurt A1 - Bröer, Stefan A1 - Pauleit, Dirk A1 - Palm, Christoph A1 - Zilles, Karl A1 - Coenen, Heinz H. A1 - Langen, Karl-Josef T1 - Preferred stereoselective brain uptake of D-serine BT - a modulator of glutamatergic neurotransmission JF - Nuclear Medicine and Biology N2 - Although it has long been presumed that d-amino acids are uncommon in mammalians, substantial amounts of free d-serine have been detected in the mammalian brain. d-Serine has been demonstrated to be an important modulator of glutamatergic neurotransmission and acts as an agonist at the strychnine-insensitive glycine site of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors. The blood-to-brain transfer of d-serine is thought to be extremely low, and it is assumed that d-serine is generated by isomerization of l-serine in the brain. Stimulated by the observation of a preferred transport of the d-isomer of proline at the blood–brain barrier, we investigated the differential uptake of [3H]-d-serine and [3H]-l-serine in the rat brain 1 h after intravenous injection using quantitative autoradiography. Surprisingly, brain uptake of [3H]-d-serine was significantly higher than that of [3H]-l-serine, indicating a preferred transport of the d-enantiomer of serine at the blood–brain barrier. This finding indicates that exogenous d-serine may have a direct influence on glutamatergic neurotransmission and associated diseases. KW - Aminosäuren KW - Gehirn KW - Blut-Hirn-Schranke KW - Aufnahme KW - d/l-serine KW - Amino acid transport KW - Blood–brain barrier KW - NMDA receptors Y1 - 2005 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2005.07.004 VL - 32 IS - 8 SP - 793 EP - 797 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lehmann, Thomas M. A1 - Palm, Christoph T1 - Color Line Search for Illuminant Estimation in Real World Scenes JF - Journal of the Optical Society of America (JOSA) A N2 - The estimation of illuminant color is mandatory for many applications in the field of color image quantification. However, it is an unresolved problem if no additional heuristics or restrictive assumptions apply. Assuming uniformly colored and roundly shaped objects, Lee has presented a theory and a method for computing the scene-illuminant chromaticity from specular highlights [H. C. Lee, J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 3, 1694 (1986)]. However, Lee’s method, called image path search, is less robust to noise and is limited in the handling of microtextured surfaces. We introduce a novel approach to estimate the color of a single illuminant for noisy and microtextured images, which frequently occur in real-world scenes. Using dichromatic regions of different colored surfaces, our approach, named color line search, reverses Lee’s strategy of image path search. Reliable color lines are determined directly in the domain of the color diagrams by three steps. First, regions of interest are automatically detected around specular highlights, and local color diagrams are computed. Second, color lines are determined according to the dichromatic reflection model by Hough transform of the color diagrams. Third, a consistency check is applied by a corresponding path search in the image domain. Our method is evaluated on 40 natural images of fruit and vegetables. In comparison with those of Lee’s method, accuracy and stability are substantially improved. In addition, the color line search approach can easily be extended to scenes of objects with macrotextured surfaces. Y1 - 2001 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAA.18.002679 VL - 18 IS - 11 SP - 2679 EP - 2691 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Palm, Christoph T1 - Color Texture Classification by Integrative Co-Occurrence Matrices JF - Pattern Recognition N2 - Integrative Co-occurrence matrices are introduced as novel features for color texture classification. The extended Co-occurrence notation allows the comparison between integrative and parallel color texture concepts. The information profit of the new matrices is shown quantitatively using the Kolmogorov distance and by extensive classification experiments on two datasets. Applying them to the RGB and the LUV color space the combined color and intensity textures are studied and the existence of intensity independent pure color patterns is demonstrated. The results are compared with two baselines: gray-scale texture analysis and color histogram analysis. The novel features improve the classification results up to 20% and 32% for the first and second baseline, respectively. KW - Color texture KW - Co-occurrence matrix KW - Integrative features KW - KolmogKorov distance KW - Image classification Y1 - 2004 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.patcog.2003.09.010 VL - 37 IS - 5 SP - 965 EP - 976 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Palm, Christoph A1 - Vieten, Andrea A1 - Bauer, Dagmar A1 - Pietrzyk, Uwe T1 - Evaluierung von Registrierungsstrategien zur multimodalen 3D-Rekonstruktion von Rattenhirnschnitten T2 - Bildverarbeitung für die Medizin 2006 N2 - In dieser Arbeit werden drei Strategien zur 3D Stapelung von multimodalen Schnittbildern vorgestellt. Die Strategien werden experimentell anhand von Dualtracer-Autoradiographien evaluiert. Dazu werden neue Maße zur Beschreibung der Konsistenz innerhalb einer Modalität und der Konsistenz der Modalitäten untereinander entwickelt, die auf bekannten Registrierungsmetriken basieren. Gerade bezüglich der Konsistenz der Modalitäten untereinander zeigen zwei Strategien die besten Resultate: (1) abwechselnde multimodale Registrierung (2) monomodale Rekonstruktion einer Modalität und multimodale 2D Registrierung der zweiten Modalität. KW - Registrierung KW - Dreidimensionale Rekonstruktion KW - Gehirn KW - Schnittpräparat Y1 - 2006 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-32137-3_51 SP - 251 EP - 255 PB - Springer CY - Berlin ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Pietrzyk, Uwe A1 - Palm, Christoph A1 - Beyer, Thomas T1 - Fusion strategies in multi-modality imaging T2 - Medical Physics, Vol 2. Proceedings of the jointly held Congresses: ICMP 2005, 14th International Conference of Medical Physics of the International Organization for Medical Physics (IOMP), the European Federation of Organizations in Medical Physics (EFOMP) and the German Society of Medical Physics (DGMP) ; BMT 2005, 39th Annual Congress of the German Society for Biomedical Engineering (DGBMT) within VDE ; 14th - 17th September 2005, Nuremberg, Germany KW - Bildgebendes Verfahren KW - Registrierung Y1 - 2005 SP - 1446 EP - 1447 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Weigert, Markus A1 - Palm, Christoph A1 - Quick, Harald H. A1 - Müller, Stefan P. A1 - Pietrzyk, Uwe A1 - Beyer, Thomas T1 - Template for MR-based attenuation correction for whole-body PET/MR imaging T2 - Nuklearmedizin KW - Kernspintomografie KW - Positronen-Emissions-Tomografie KW - Bildgebendes Verfahren KW - Schwächung Y1 - 2007 VL - 46 IS - 2 SP - A115 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Axer, Markus A1 - Axer, Hubertus A1 - Palm, Christoph A1 - Gräßel, David A1 - Zilles, Karl A1 - Pietrzyk, Uwe T1 - Visualization of Nerve Fibre Orientation in the Visual Cortex of the Human Brain by Means of Polarized Light T2 - Biomedizinische Technik KW - Sehrinde KW - Nervenfaser KW - Ausrichtung KW - Visualisierung KW - Polarisiertes Licht Y1 - 2007 VL - 52 IS - Suppl. SP - 1569048-041 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Palm, Christoph A1 - Dehnhardt, Markus A1 - Vieten, Andrea A1 - Pietrzyk, Uwe T1 - 3D rat brain tumor reconstruction T2 - Biomedizinische Technik KW - Dreidimensionale Rekonstruktion KW - Hirntumor Y1 - 2005 VL - 50 IS - Suppl. 1, Part 1 SP - 597 EP - 598 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Palm, Christoph A1 - Crum, William R. A1 - Pietrzyk, Uwe A1 - Hawkes, David J. T1 - Application of Fluid and Elastic Registration Methods to Histological Rat Brain Sections T2 - Biomedizinische Technik KW - Registrierung KW - Gehirn KW - Schnittdarstellung Y1 - 2007 VL - 52 IS - Suppl. ER -