TY - CHAP A1 - Kopper, Andreas A1 - Furstenau, Daniel A1 - Zimmermann, Stephan A1 - Rentrop, Christopher A1 - Rothe, Hannes A1 - Strahringer, Susanne A1 - Westner, Markus T1 - Business-managed IT: A conceptual framework and empirical illustration T2 - 26. European Conference on Information Systems (ECIS 2018), Protsmouth, UK N2 - Research on Shadow IT is facing a conceptual dilemma in cases where previously “covert” systems developed by business entities (individual users, business workgroups, or business units) are integrated in the organizational IT management. These systems become visible, are therefore not “in the shadows” anymore, and subsequently do not fit to existing definitions of Shadow IT. Practice shows that some information systems share characteristics of Shadow IT, but are created openly in alignment with the IT department. This paper therefore proposes the term “Business- managed IT” to describe “overt” information systems developed or managed by business entities. We distinguish Business- managed IT from Shadow IT by illustrating case vignettes. Accordingly, our contribution is to suggest a concept and its delineation against other concepts. In this way, IS researchers interested in IT originated from or maintained by business entities can construct theories with a wider scope of application that are at the same time more specific to practical problems. In addition, value-laden terminology is complemented by a vocabulary that values potentially innovative developments by business entities more adequately. From a practical point of view, the distinction can be used to discuss the distribution of task responsibilities for information systems. KW - Business-managed IT KW - IT Governance. KW - Shadow IT Y1 - 2018 UR - https://aisel.aisnet.org/ecis2018_rp/77/ ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Schicker, Edwin T1 - Datenbanken und SQL BT - Eine praxisorientierte Einführung mit Anwendungen in Oracle, SQL Server und MySQL N2 - Dieses Buch vermittelt dem Leser fundierte Grundkenntnisse sowohl in Datenbanken als auch in SQL. Eine Zusammenfassung und zahlreiche Übungsaufgaben in jedem Kapitel dienen der Vertiefung des Stoffes und verbessern den Lernerfolg deutlich. Die Schwerpunkte des Buches sind relationale Datenbanken, Entwurf von Datenbanken, die Programmiersprache SQL und der Zugriff auf Datenbanken mittels der Sprache PHP. Aber auch Themen wie Recovery, Concurrency, Sicherheit und Integrität werden ausführlich besprochen. Ein Kapitel zu verteilten Datenbanken, NoSQL und objektrelationalen Datenbanken führt in die jeweilige Thematik ein. Ein eigenes Kapitel über Performance gibt wertvolle Anregungen und Tipps zum Betrieb von leistungsfähigen Datenbanken. Der Autor legt sehr viel Wert auf die praktische Anwendung. Mit Hilfe einer Beispieldatenbank kann das Gelernte sofort geübt werden. Diese Datenbank, alle vorgestellten Programme und die Lösungen zu allen Übungen werden im Internet zum Download bereitgestellt. Y1 - 2017 SN - 978-3-658-16128-6 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-16129-3 PB - Springer CY - Wiesbaden ET - 5. Aufl. ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Zheng, Jihong A1 - Fuhrmann, Thomas A1 - Xu, Boqing A1 - Schreiner, Rupert A1 - Jia, Hongzhi A1 - Zhang, Wei A1 - Wang, Ning A1 - Seebauer, Gudrun A1 - Zhu, Jiyan T1 - Curriculum design and German student exchange for Sino-German Bachelor program majored in optoelectronics engineering T2 - 14th Conference on Education and Training in Optics and Photonics (ETOP 2017), 29-31.05.2017, Hangzhou, China, 29-31.05.2017 N2 - Different higher education backgrounds in China and Germany led to challenges in the curriculum design at the beginning of our cooperative bachelor program in Optoelectronics Engineering. We see challenges in different subject requirements from both sides and in the German language requirements for Chinese students. The curriculum was optimized according to the AS IIN criteria, which makes it acceptable and und erstandable by both countries. German students are integrated into the Chinese class and get the sa me lectures like their Chinese colleagues. Intercultural and curriculum challenges are successfully solved. The results are summarized to provide an example for other similar international programs. KW - cooperative bachelor program KW - optoelectronics KW - microsystems KW - student exchange Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2269574 PB - SPIE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hussein, Hussein A1 - Meyer-Sickendiek, Burkhard A1 - Baumann, Timo T1 - Automatic Detection of Enjambment in German Readout Poetry T2 - Proceedings of Speech Prosody, 2018, Poznán N2 - One of the most important patterns in ancient as well as modern poetry is the enjambment, the continuation of a sentence beyond the end of a line, couplet, or stanza. The paper reports first activities towards the development of a digital tool to analyze the accentuation of poetic enjambments in readout poetry. The aim in this contribution is to recognize two forms of enjambment (emphasized and unemphasized) in poems using audio and text data. We use data from lyrikline which is a major online portal for spoken poetry whereas poems are read aloud by the original authors. We identified by hermeneutical means based on literary analysis a total of 69 poems being characteristic for the use of enjambments in modern and postmodern German poetry and train classifiers to differentiate the emphasized/unemphasized ategorization. A remarkable result of our automated analyses (and to our knowledge the first data-driven analysis of this kind) is the identification of a cultural difference in the accentuation of enjambments: statistically speaking, poets from the former GDR tend to emphasize the enjambment, whereas poets from the FRG do not. We use features derived from speech-to-text alignment and statistical parsing information such as pause lengths, number of lines with verbs, and number of lines with punctuation. The best classification results, calculated by the F-measure, for the both types of enjambment (emphasized/unemphasized) is 0.69. KW - modern and postmodern poetry KW - free verse prosody KW - emphasized and unemphasized enjambment Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.21437/SpeechProsody.2018-67 SP - 329 EP - 333 PB - ISCA ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Baumann, Timo A1 - Hussein, Hussein A1 - Meyer-Sickendiek, Burkhard T1 - Analysing the Focus of a Hierarchical Attention Network: the Importance of Enjambments When Classifying Post-modern Poetry T2 - Proceedings of Interspeech, 2018, Hyderabad N2 - After overcoming the traditional metrics, modern and postmodern poetry developed a large variety of ‘free verse prosodies’ that falls along a spectrum from a more fluent to a more disfluent and choppy style. We present a method, grounded in philological analysis and theories on cognitive (dis)fluency, to analyze this ‘free verse spectrum’ into six classes of poetic styles as well as to differentiate three types of poems with enjambments. We use a model for automatic prosodic analysis of spoken free verse poetry which uses deep hierarchical attention networks to integrate the source text and audio and predict the assigned class. We then analyze and fine-tune the model with a particular focus on enjambments and in two ways: we drill down on classification performance by analyzing whether the model focuses on similar traits of poems as humans would, specifically, whether it internally builds a notion of enjambment. We find that our model is similarly good as humans in finding enjambments; however, when we employ the model for classifying enjambment-dominated poem types, it does not pay particular attention to those lines. Adding enjambment labels to the training only marginally improves performance, indicating that all other lines are similarly informative for the model. KW - digital humanities KW - free verse poetry KW - prosodic analysis KW - enjambment detection KW - hierarchical attention network Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.21437/Interspeech.2018-2533 SP - 2162 EP - 2166 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Meyer-Sickendiek, Burkhard A1 - Hussein, Hussein A1 - Baumann, Timo ED - Burghardt, M. ED - Müller-Birn, C. T1 - Analysis and Classification of Prosodic Styles in Post-modern Spoken Poetry T2 - INF-DH 2018 Workshopband N2 - We present our research on computer-supported analysis of prosodic styles in post-modern poetry. Our project is unique in making use of both the written as well as the spoken form of the poem as read by the original author. In particular, we use speech and natural language processing technology to align speech and text and to perform textual analyses. We then explore, based on literary theory, the quantitative value of various types of features in differentiating various prosodic classes of post-modern poetry using machine-learning techniques. We contrast this feature-driven approach with a theoretically less informed neural networks-based approach and explore the relative strengths of both models, as well as how to integrate higher-level knowledge into the NN. In this paper, we give an overview of our project, our approach, and particularly focus on the challenges encountered and lessons learned in our interdisciplinary endeavour. The classification results of the rhythmical patterns (six classes) using NN-based approaches are better than by feature-based approaches. KW - modern and postmodern poetry KW - free verse prosody KW - rhythmical patters Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.18420/infdh2018-09 PB - Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Baumann, Timo A1 - Hussein, Hussein A1 - Meyer-Sickendiek, Burkhard T1 - Analysis of Rhythmic Phrasing: Feature Engineering vs. Representation Learning for Classifying Readout Poetry T2 - Proceedings of the Second Joint SIGHUM Workshop on Computational Linguistics for Cultural Heritage, Social Sciences, Humanities and Literature (LaTeCH-CLfL-2018), August 25, 2018, Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA N2 - We show how to classify the phrasing of readout poems with the help of machine learning algorithms that use manually engineered features or automatically learn representations. We investigate modern and postmodern poems from the webpage lyrikline, and focus on two exemplary rhythmical patterns in order to detect the rhythmic phrasing: The Parlando and the Variable Foot. These rhythmical patterns have been compared by using two important theoretical works: The Generative Theory of Tonal Music and the Rhythmic Phrasing in English Verse. Using both, we focus on a combination of four different features: The grouping structure, the metrical structure, the time-span-variation, and the prolongation in order to detect the rhythmic phrasing in the two rhythmical types. We use manually engineered features based on text-speech alignment and parsing for classification. We also train a neural network to learn its own representation based on text, speech and audio during pauses. The neural network outperforms manual feature engineering, reaching an f-measure of 0.85. Y1 - 2018 UR - https://aclanthology.org/W18-4505 SP - 44 EP - 49 PB - Association for Computational Linguistics CY - Santa Fe, New Mexico ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Baumann, Timo A1 - Hussein, Hussein A1 - Meyer-Sickendiek, Burkhard T1 - Style Detection for Free Verse Poetry from Text and Speech T2 - Proceedings of the 27th International Conference on Computational Linguistics (COLING), 20-26.08.2018, Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA N2 - Modern and post-modern free verse poems feature a large and complex variety in their poetic prosodies that falls along a continuum from a more fluent to a more disfluent and choppy style. As the poets of modernism overcame rhyme and meter, they oriented themselves in these two opposing directions, creating a free verse spectrum that calls for new analyses of prosodic forms. We present a method, grounded in philological analysis and current research on cognitive (dis)fluency, for automatically analyzing this spectrum. We define and relate six classes of poetic styles (ranging from parlando to lettristic decomposition) by their gradual differentiation. Based on this discussion, we present a model for automatic prosodic classification of spoken free verse poetry that uses deep hierarchical attention networks to integrate the source text and audio and predict the assigned class. We evaluate our model on a large corpus of German author-read post-modern poetry and find that classes can reliably be differentiated, reaching a weighted f-measure of 0.73, when combining textual and phonetic evidence. In our further analyses, we validate the model’s decision-making process, the philologically hypothesized continuum of fluency and investigate the relative importance of various features. Y1 - 2018 UR - https://aclanthology.org/C18-1164.pdf SP - 1929 EP - 1940 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Köhn, Arne A1 - Baumann, Timo A1 - Dörfler, Oskar T1 - An Empirical Analysis of the Correlation of Syntax and Prosody T2 - Proceedings of Interspeech 2018, 02.-06.09.2018, Hyderabad N2 - The relation of syntax and prosody (the syntax-prosody interface) has been an active area of research, mostly in linguistics and typically studied under controlled conditions. More recently, prosody has also been successfully used in the data-based training of syntax parsers. However, there is a gap between the controlled and detailed study of the individual effects between syntax and prosody and the large-scale application of prosody in syntactic parsing with only a shallow analysis of the respective influences. In this paper, we close the gap by investigating the significance of correlations of prosodic realization with specific syntactic functions using linear mixed effects models in a very large corpus of read-out German encyclopedic texts. Using this corpus, we are able to analyze prosodic structuring performed by a diverse set of speakers while they try to optimize factual content delivery. After normalization by speaker, we obtain significant effects, e.g. confirming that the subject function, as compared to the object function, has a positive effect on pitch and duration of a word, but a negative effect on loudness. KW - syntax KW - prosody KW - corpus-based analysis KW - linear mixed effects models Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.21437/Interspeech.2018-2530 SP - 2157 EP - 2161 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Koller, Alexander A1 - Baumann, Timo A1 - Köhn, Arne T1 - DialogOS: Simple and extensible dialog modeling T2 - Proceedings of Interspeech: Hyderabad, India 2-6 September 2018 N2 - We present the open-source extensible dialog manager DialogOS. DialogOS features simple finite-state based dialog management (which can be expanded to more complex DM strategies via a full-fledged scripting language) in combination with integrated speech recognition and synthesis in multiple languages. DialogOS runs on all major platforms, provides a simple-to-use graphical interface and can easily be extended via well-defined plugin and client interfaces, or can be integrated server-side into larger existing software infrastructures. We hope that DialogOS will help foster research and teaching given that it lowers the bar of entry into building and testing spoken dialog systems and provides paths to extend one’s system as development progresses. Y1 - 2018 UR - https://edoc.sub.uni-hamburg.de/informatik/volltexte/2018/246/pdf/koller_dialogOS.pdf CY - Hyderabad, India ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Baumann, Timo T1 - Learning to Determine Who is the Better Speaker T2 - Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Speech Prosody, 13-16 June 2018, Poznań, Poland N2 - Speech can be more or less likable in various ways and comparing speakers by likability has important applications such as speaker selection or matching. Determining the likability of a speaker is a difficult task which can be simplified by breaking it down into pairwise preference decisions. Using a corpus of 5440 pairwise preference ratings collected previously through crowd-sourcing, we train classifiers to determine which of two speakers is “better”. We find that modeling the speech feature sequences using LSTMs outperforms conventional methods that pre-aggregate feature averages by a large margin, indicating that the prosodic structure should be taken into account when determining speech quality. Our classifier reaches an accuracy of 97 % for coarse-grained decisions, where differences between speech quality in both stimuli is relatively large. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.21437/SpeechProsody.2018-165 SP - 819 EP - 822 PB - ISCA ER -