TY - GEN A1 - Sterner, Michael T1 - Gas aus einer Gesamtenergieversorgungsperspektive - Warum wir Power-to-X für die Klimaneutralität brauchen T2 - Kopernikus-Konferenz Projekt "Ensure" (Deutsche Umwelthilfe), 15. April 2021 KW - Erneuerbare Energien KW - Klimaneutralität KW - Energiewende KW - Sektorenkopplung KW - Power-to-Gas Y1 - 2021 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sterner, Michael T1 - Vom Klimaschutz zum Wasserstoff in Verkehr und Industrie – jetzt regional handeln T2 - Kick-Off Workshop: HyExpert Wasserstoffmodellregion Fichtelgebirge, Wunsiedel, 22.09.2020 KW - Erneuerbare Energien KW - Klimaneutralität KW - Energiewende KW - Sektorenkopplung KW - Wasserstoff Y1 - 2020 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sterner, Michael T1 - Wasserstoff als zentraler Baustein der Energiewende in Süddeutschland: Powerto- Gas und der rechtliche Rahmen T2 - 1. Wasserstofftag Süddeutschland, Um 29.10.2020 KW - Erneuerbare Energien KW - Klimaneutralität KW - Energiewende KW - Wasserstoff Y1 - 2020 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sterner, Michael T1 - Warum wir Power-to-X für die Klimaneutralität und Mobilitätswende brauchen T2 - DECHEMA Fachforum Diesel: Mobilitätswende durch alternative Antriebe und Kraftstoffe:, Frankfurt 02.12.2020 KW - Erneuerbare Energien KW - Klimaneutralität KW - Energiewende KW - Sektorenkopplung KW - Power-to-X Y1 - 2020 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sterner, Michael T1 - Grüner Wasserstoff - wo wir ihn brauchen für die Klimaneutralität T2 - Energiewendeforum Wasserstoff (Grüner Strom Label e. V.), Bonn, 21. September 2021 KW - Erneuerbare Energien KW - Klimaneutralität KW - Energiewende KW - Wasserstoff Y1 - 2021 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sterner, Michael T1 - Die Grenzen des Wasserstoff-Hypes T2 - 1. Mitteldeutscher Wasserstoffkongress, 2. November 2021, Leuna CCE Kulturhaus KW - Erneuerbare Energien KW - Klimaneutralität KW - Energiewende KW - Wasserstoff Y1 - 2021 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sterner, Michael T1 - Wasserstoff – Energieträger der Zukunft T2 - BBA Forum, Passau 24.11.2020 KW - Erneuerbare Energien KW - Klimaneutralität KW - Energiewende KW - Wasserstoff Y1 - 2020 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Stadler, Ingo A1 - Sterner, Michael ED - Droege, Peter T1 - Urban Energy Storage and Sector Coupling T2 - Urban Energy Transition N2 - Global warming, greenhouse gas emissions, and the general transition toward renewable energy resources are mentioned many times within this book, and will not be repeated again here. Countries that are transitioning to use of more renewable energy sources are mainly using wind and solar power—except for a few countries that, due to their prerequisites, will mainly use hydro power and/or bioenergy. The transmission process in terms of energy generation so far is mainly happening in rural areas—not in urban centers. Most technologies do not really play an important role in urban areas, and are mainly focused on the application of solar energy. Solar energy is widely applied more in rural areas, although investigations show that its application in urban areas already fits well into the existing grid infrastructure. Whereas rural areas are more prone to grid integration problems, the energy infrastructure in urban centers is already well prepared for renewables integration. In fostering tight bundles of potentially linked energy generation, distribution, networking, and use across power and thermal systems in stationary and mobile modes, urban centers become particularly critical in the energy transition processes as energy systems are becoming completely based on renewable sources without a nuclear or fossil-based backbone. This chapter discusses the almost unlimited energy storage possibilities. It will show their enormous capabilities, but also their significant differences in many physical and economical parameters. Next, the authors discuss the necessity of combining and coupling the different energy sectors for electricity, heat, cold, gas, and transport. Finally, the authors present the conclusion that only when coupling the energy sectors and using cheap and efficient energy storage options from one energy sector to solve challenges within another energy sector will the energy transition process be managed in an efficient way. KW - Energy storage KW - energy transition KW - Greenhouse gas emissions KW - RENEWABLE ENERGY KW - Renewable sources KW - sector coupling Y1 - 2018 SN - 978-0-08-102074-6 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-102074-6.00026-7 SP - 225 EP - 244 PB - Elsevier ET - 2. ed. ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Sörgel, Matthias A1 - Riederer, Michael A1 - Held, Andreas A1 - Plake, Daniel A1 - Zhu, Zhilin A1 - Foken, Thomas A1 - Meixner, Franz X. ED - Foken, Thomas T1 - Trace Gas Exchange at the Forest Floor T2 - Energy and Matter Fluxes of a Spruce Forest Ecosystem N2 - Exchange conditions at the forest floor are complex due to the heterogeneity of sources and sinks and the inhomogeneous radiation but are important for linking soil respiration to measurements in the trunk space or above canopy. Far more attention has therefore been paid to above and within canopy flows, but even studies that addressed forest floor exchange do not present measurements below 1 m or 2 m. We used a multilayer model that explicitly resolves the laminar layer, the buffer layer, and the turbulent layer to calculate fluxes from the measured profiles in the lowest meter above ground and to calculate effective surface concentrations from given fluxes. The calculated fluxes were compared to measured eddy covariance fluxes of sensible heat and O3 and to chamber derived soil fluxes of CO2 and 222Rn. Sensible heat fluxes agreed surprisingly well given the heterogeneity of radiative heating and the generally low fluxes (max. 25 W m−2). The chamber fluxes turned out to be not comparable as the chamber fluxes were too low, probably due to one of the well-known problems of enclosures such as pressure differences, disturbed gradients and exclusion of naturally occurring turbulence events and surface cooling. The O3 fluxes agreed well for high O3 values reaching down to the forest floor during full coupling of the canopy by coherent structures. During most of the time, the model overestimated the fluxes as chemical reactions were dominating within the profile. One new approach was to calculate the effective surface concentration from a given flux and compare this to measured surface concentrations. This allowed the identification of situations with a coupled and decoupled forest floor layer, which has important consequences for respiration measurements in the trunk space or above canopy and should be considered in upcoming studies. KW - Chamber Flux KW - Eddy Covariance KW - Forest Floor KW - Multilayer Model KW - Nitrogen Oxide Y1 - 2017 SN - 978-3-319-49387-9 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-49389-3_8 VL - 229 SP - 157 EP - 179 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Thema, Martin A1 - Kaul, Anja A1 - Sterner, Michael A1 - Heberl, Michael T1 - Optimierung eines Rieselbett-Bioreaktors für die dynamische mikrobielle Biosynthese von Methan mit Archaeen-Mikroorganismen in Power-to-Gas-Anlagen N2 - Das übergeordnete Ziel des Vorhabens war die Entwicklung neuer technologischer Möglichkeiten für den biologischen Methanisierungsprozess mit Archaeen1 in Power-to-Gas-Anwendungen. Im Gegensatz zur technisch ausgereiften chemisch-katalytischen Methanisierung sind hier noch Potenziale zur Optimierung verfahrenstechnischer und biologischer Prozesse für das Speicherkonzept Power-to-Gas [7] vorhanden. Dabei sollte zum einen ein Rieselbett-Bioreaktor optimiert, simuliert und für die Hochskalierung vorbereitet werden. Zum anderen sollte eine Kombination optimal geeigneter Mikroorganismen und Packungsmaterialien selektiert und deren Verhalten und Eignung im Reaktor analysiert werden. Das Verhalten des entwickelten Systems sollte zunächst im Labor- und Technikumsmaßstab und anschließend im Feldtest an einer bestehenden Power-to-Gas-Anlage untersucht werden. Hauptziel während des Feldtests war die Produktion von einspeisefähigem Methan sowie dessen Einspeisung ins Gasnetz. Ein Hauptziel des Projektes war es, die Normung und Standardisierung notwendiger Systemparameter und Semantik zur Beschreibung und Einbindung biologischer Methanisierungseinheiten in Power-to-Gas-Anlagen voranzutreiben. Dies sollte zum einen die Vergleichbarkeit der wissenschaftlichen Erkenntnisse verbessern und zum anderen unterstützend bei der Kommerzialisierung der Technologie wirken. Aus dem Projekt heraus wurde so die neue Normungsreihe VDI 4635 Power-to-X beim Verein Deutscher Ingenieure angestoßen. KW - Biologische Methanisierung KW - Power-to-Gas KW - Erneuerbare Energien KW - Rieselbett-Bioreaktor KW - Archaeen Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2314/KXP:1815321555 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Sterner, Michael ED - Chen, Wei-Yin ED - Suzuki, Toshio ED - Lackner, Maximilian T1 - Power-to-Gas T2 - Handbook of Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation N2 - This chapter provides an overview on the storage technology power-to-gas for the decarbonization of all energy sectors. Other than “negative emissions” with CCS or biomass, which have clear limits in potentials, costs and environmental benefits, storage and energy conversion technologies like power-to-gas and power-to-x enable the decarbonization by neutralizing the CO2 footprint of all energy services. Via the conversion of renewable electricity into chemical energy carriers like renewable hydrogen or renewable hydrocarbons, the existing fossil infrastructure with vast and sufficient storage and transport capacities can be used with carbon neutral renewable energy. After showing the demand for storage technologies, the technology components of power-to-gas are described, building the basis for the storage system power-to-gas itself that is described in detail, including efficiency, potential, CO2 emissions, and costs. In conclusion, a technical pathway of decarbonization including costs is described for the industrial nation of Germany and necessary policy frameworks are derived. Y1 - 2016 SN - 978-1-4614-6431-0 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6431-0_89-1 VL - 36 SP - 1 EP - 51 PB - Springer CY - New York, NY ER - TY - GEN ED - Sterner, Michael ED - Stadler, Ingo T1 - Handbook of Energy Storage BT - Demand, Technologies, Integration N2 - There are several approaches to classifying energy storage systems (see Chaps. 1 and 2). Storage systems are used in a large number of different technologies at various stages of development, and in a wide range of application areas (see Chaps. 3 to 5). This chapter compares the capabilities of the different storage systems using the following criteria:This comparison of storage systems also provides a convenient overview of the various storage systems and their capabilities. KW - Erneuerbare Energien KW - Power-to-Gas KW - Energiespeicher Y1 - 2019 SN - 978-3-662-55503-3 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-55504-0 PB - Springer-Nature CY - Heidelberg, Berlin, New York ET - Translation of 2nd German edition Sterner, „Stadler Energiespeicher – Bedarf, Technologien, Integration“ ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Thema, Martin A1 - Bellack, Annett A1 - Weidlich, Tobias A1 - Huber, Harald A1 - Karl, Jürgen A1 - Sterner, Michael ED - Held, Jörgen T1 - Optimizing biological CO2-methanation in a trickle-bed reactor BT - the ORBIT-Project T2 - 6th International Conference on Renewable Energy Gas Technology, 20-21 May 2019, Malmö, Sweden. Conference proceedings KW - Biologische Methanisierung KW - Power-to-Gas KW - Erneuerbare Energien KW - Rieselbett-Bioreaktor KW - Archaeen Y1 - 2019 SP - 93 EP - 94 PB - Renewable Energy Technology International AB CY - Lund, Sweden ER - TY - GEN A1 - Thema, Martin A1 - Bellack, Annett A1 - Weidlich, Tobias A1 - Huber, Harald A1 - Karl, Jürgen A1 - Sterner, Michael T1 - Optimierung biologischer CO2-Methanisierung im Rieselbett-Reaktor BT - das ORBIT-Projekt T2 - 4. Regensburger Energiekongress, Regensburg 26.-27.02.2019 KW - biologische Methanisierung KW - Archaeen KW - Power-to-Gas KW - Erneuerbare Energien KW - Rieselbett-Bioreaktor Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sterner, Michael T1 - Insight into Power-to-Gas/Liquids: a solution for sustainable transport besides e-mobility T2 - Conference Low Carbon Transport - Engineering the Fuels of the Future (Institution of Mechanical Engineers), London 09.07.2019 KW - Erneuerbare Energien KW - Klimaneutralität KW - Energiewende KW - Sektorenkopplung KW - Power-to-Gas Y1 - 2019 PB - Institution of Mechanical Engineers CY - London ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Michael Sterner, A1 - Mareike Jentsch, A1 - Uwe Holzhammer, T1 - Energiewirtschaftliche und ökologische Bewertung eines Windgas-Angebotes N2 - In this technical report, (1) the benefits of the new technology for future energy supply are discussed, (2) the climate protection effect of wind gas is discussed, and (3) a reasonable use of wind energy for gas generation is analyzed. In particular, windgas in the heat market is discussed in the utilization cascade of wind energy. The new "power-to-gas" concept opens up completely new possibilities for the integration of renewable energies and for coupling the electricity and gas grids. The Sabatier process, which has been known for 100 years, was first developed for this purpose in 2008 under the leadership of the Center for Solar Energy and Hydrogen Research and Fraunhofer IWES (formerly ISET) with electrolysis to create the "power-to-gas" concept for energy storage. A first pilot plant was built by ZSW Stuttgart on behalf of SolarFuel in 2009. This plant proves the technical feasibility of the new technology. Renewable gas is stored, transported and used as required as control and reserve energy via reconversion, e.g. in combined cycle power plants. In this way, decentrally generated renewable electricity is converted into a CO2 -neutral energy carrier with high energy density. The key advantage of renewable methane is the use of existing infrastructure such as gas grids, gas storage and end-use equipment for the integration of renewable energy. Technologies for natural gas are state of the art and commercially available. Methane also has three times the energy density of hydrogen. T2 - Energy-economic and ecological evaluation of a windgas offer (Power-to-Gas) Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.25093.68328 PB - Fraunhofer Institute for Energy Economics and Energy System Technology CY - Kassel ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Haslbeck, Matthias T1 - Innovative Aspekte der Netzplanung im Verteilungsnetz T2 - 2. OTTI-Konferenz Zukünftige Stromnetze für Erneuerbare Energien, Hilton-Hotel Berlin, 27./28. Januar 2015 N2 - In den Verteilungsnetzen (VN) besteht erheblicher Optimierungsbedarf, um die geplanten Leistungen an dezentralen Erzeugungsanlagen (EZA) aufnehmen und um die erzeugte Energie an das Übertragungsnetz abgeben zu können. Bislang konnte der Aufwand für die Netzplanung im VN mittels standardisierter Abläufe und großzügigen Reserven im Spannungsband und der Stromtragfähigkeit begrenzt werden. Im Zuge des Zubaus an EZA schwinden diese Reserven und Netzplanungsaufgaben müssen individueller für einzelne Netzabschnitte gelöst werden. Die Forschungsstelle für Energienetze und Energiespeicher (FENES) der OTH Regensburg beschäftigt sich u. a. mit der Fragestellung wie die Netzplanung im Verteilungsnetz hinsichtlich der neu entstandenen Herausforderungen optimiert werden kann und gleichzeitig praktikabel bleibt. Kernthemen sind dabei das Spannungs- und das Blindleistungsmanagement im Verteilungsnetz. Im Zuge der Energiewende gilt es die vorhandene Netzinfrastruktur noch effizienter auszunutzen und den Ausbau noch stärker bedarfsorientiert zu gestalten. Infolgedessen bewegt sich der Netzbetrieb näher an den Grenzen der Netzparameter (z. B. Spannungshaltung und Auslastung). Von daher müssen bislang praktizierte Verfahren weiter entwickelt werden, , um weiterhin einen sicheren und stabilen Netzbetrieb zu gewährleisten. KW - Energienetz KW - Energiespeicher KW - Energiewende KW - Leistungsmanagement KW - Netzbetrieb KW - Netzplanung KW - Spannband KW - Stromtragfähigkeit Y1 - 2015 SN - 978-3-943891-46-1 SP - 110 EP - 115 CY - Regensburg ER - TY - BOOK ED - Sterner, Michael ED - Stadler, Ingo T1 - Energiespeicher - Bedarf, Technologien, Integration N2 - Die Autoren dieses Werkes geben einen umfassenden Überblick über die verschiedenen Aspekte der Energiespeicherung. Sie beschreiben zunächst die Bedeutung von Energiespeichern in der Energieversorgung und definieren ihre Rolle darin. Dann gehen sie auf den Speicherbedarf in der Strom-, Wärme- und Kraftstoffversorgung im Kontext der Energiewende ein. Im Hauptteil werden die verschiedenen Speichertechnologien ausführlich vorgestellt sowie ihre Vor- und Nachteile diskutiert. Praktische Anwendungsbeispiele und die Integration von Speichern über alle Energiesektoren hinweg runden das Buch ab. Zahlreiche Grafiken und Beispiele veranschaulichen das gesamte Feld der Energiespeicher und sind als Ergänzung mehrsprachig online in Farbe verfügbar. Die 2. Auflage enthält ein neues Kapitel zu den rechtlichen Rahmenbedingungen, neue Studien zum Speicherbedarf, Power-to-X für die chemische Industrie, neue LOHC- und Lageenergiespeicher sowie neueste Trends zu Kostenentwicklung und Batterieanwendungen. „Endlich ein umfassendes Buch zur Energiewende, das auch für technische Laien verständlich und inspirierend geschrieben ist." Franz Alt, Journalist und Buchautor „Das großartige Werk sei allen empfohlen, die sich wirklich für die Zukunft unseres Landes interessieren. Es zeigt auf eindrucksvolle Weise: Es wird nicht einfach, aber wir schaffen das.“ Prof. Dr. Harald Lesch, Physiker und Fernsehmoderator Y1 - 2017 SN - 978-3-662-48892-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-48893-5 PB - Springer CY - Berlin, Heidelberg ET - 2. korrigierte und ergänzte Auflage ER - TY - BOOK ED - Sterner, Michael ED - Stadler, Ingo T1 - Energiespeicher - Bedarf, Technologien, Integration N2 - Im Kontext der Energiewende sind Energiespeicher ein zentrales technisches, wirtschaftliches und energiepolitisches Thema.Die Autoren dieses kompakten Werkes geben einen umfassenden Uberblick Uber die verschiedenen Aspekte der Energiespeicherung. Sie beschreiben zunachst die Bedeutung von Energiespeichern in der Energieversorgung und definieren ihre Rolle darin. Dann gehen sie auf den Speicherbedarf in der Strom-, Warme- und Kraftstoffversorgung im Kontext der Energiewende ein. Im Hauptteil werden die verschiedenen Speichertechnologien ausfUhrlich vorgestellt sowie ihre Vor- und Nachteile diskutiert. Praktische Anwendungsbeispiele und die Integration von Speichern Uber alle Energiesektoren hinweg runden das Buch ab. Zahlreiche Grafiken und Beispiele veranschaulichen das gesamte Feld der Energiespeicher und sind als Erganzung samt Animationen online in Farbe verfUgbar.Die ZielgruppenDas Lehr- und Fachbuch wendet sich an Ingenieure, Wissenschaftler, Energieplaner und Energiewirtschaftler in Forschung und Industrie sowie an Studierende an Hochschulen und Universitaten in den Bereichen Maschinenbau, Verfahrenstechnik, Elektrotechnik und Energietechnik. KW - Energiespeicher KW - Energietechnik KW - Power-to-Gas KW - Speicherbedarf KW - Speicherintegration KW - Speichermarkt KW - Speichertechnologien KW - Systemintegration Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-3-642-37379-4 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-37380-0 PB - Springer CY - Berlin, Heidelberg ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Sterner, Michael A1 - Thema, Martin A1 - Eckert, Fabian A1 - Moser, Albert A1 - Schäfer, Andreas A1 - Drees, Tim A1 - Christian Rehtanz, A1 - Ulf Häger, A1 - Kays, Jan A1 - Seack, André A1 - Dirk Uwe Sauer, A1 - Matthias Leuthold, A1 - Philipp Stöcker, T1 - Stromspeicher in der Energiewende - Untersuchung zum Bedarf an neuen Stromspeichern in Deutschland für den Erzeugungsausgleich, Systemdienstleistungen und im Verteilnetz BT - Studie N2 - Wie groß ist der Speicherbedarf in Deutschland in der weiteren Umsetzung der Energiewende? Welche Rolle spielen Batteriespeicher, Pumpspeicher, Power-to-Gas etc. im Kontext anderer Flexibilitätsoptionen auf den verschiedenen Netzebenen? Wie entwickelt sich der Markt für Batterien und Wasserstoff? In unserer Agora-Speicherstudie haben wir auch erstmalig den Begriff Power-to-X definiert und damit die bis dato entstandenen Begriffe Power-to-Gas, Power-to-Liquids, Power-to-Products, Power-to-Chemicals etc. zusammengefasst. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.31804.56964 PB - Agora Energiewende CY - Berlin ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Sterner, Michael ED - Chen, Wei-Yin ED - Suzuki, Toshio ED - Lackner, Maximilian T1 - Power-to-Gas T2 - Handbook of Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation N2 - This chapter provides an overview on the storage technology power-to-gas for the decarbonization of all energy sectors. Other than “negative emissions” with CCS or biomass, which have clear limits in potentials, costs and environmental benefits, storage and energy conversion technologies like power-to-gas and power-to-x enable the decarbonization by neutralizing the CO2 footprint of all energy services. Via the conversion of renewable electricity into chemical energy carriers like renewable hydrogen or renewable hydrocarbons, the existing fossil infrastructure with vast and sufficient storage and transport capacities can be used with carbon neutral renewable energy. After showing the demand for storage technologies, the technology components of power-to-gas are described, building the basis for the storage system power-to-gas itself that is described in detail, including efficiency, potential, CO2 emissions, and costs. In conclusion, a technical pathway of decarbonization including costs is described for the industrial nation of Germany and necessary policy frameworks are derived. Y1 - 2017 SN - 978-3-319-14408-5 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14409-2_89 SP - 2775 EP - 2825 PB - Springer VS CY - Cham ET - 2 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Jentsch, Mareike A1 - Trost, Tobias A1 - Sterner, Michael T1 - Optimal Use of Power-to-Gas Energy Storage Systems in an 85% Renewable Energy Scenario T2 - Energy Procedia N2 - In future energy systems with high shares of fluctuating renewable energy generation, electricity storage will become increasingly important for the utilization of surplus energy. The Power-to-Gas (PtG) technology is one promising option for solving the challenge of long-term electricity storage and is theoretically able to ease situations of grid congestion at the same time. This article presents the perspectives of PtG in an 85% renewable energy scenario for Germany, quantifying an economic optimum for the PtG capacity as well as an optimized spatial PtG deployment. KW - Deutschland KW - Elektrizität KW - Energieproduktion KW - Energiespeicher KW - erneuerbare Energie KW - Langzeitarchivierung KW - Methan KW - optimale Nutzung KW - PtG (Power-to-Gas) Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2014.01.180 SN - 1876-6102 VL - 46 SP - 254 EP - 261 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Thema, Johannes A1 - Thema, Martin T1 - Nachnutzungskonzept: Braunkohle-Tagebaue als Pumpspeicherkraftwerk? JF - Energiewirtschaftliche Tagesfragen - et : Zeitschrift für Energiewirtschaft, Recht, Technik und Umwelt N2 - Der Anteil fluktuierender erneuerbarer Energien im deutschen Strommix steigt. Um die Netzstabilität zu erhalten, Fluktuationen im Dargebot nach Wetterlage und saisonal auszugleichen sind absehbar ab ca. 2030 große Stromspeicherkapazitäten erforderlich. Wasser-Pumpspeicherwerke sind derzeit die einzige langjährig erprobte Technologie, die künftig in Braunkohletagebauen, welche im Zuge der Energiewende aufgegeben werden, errichtet werden könnten. Eine Überschlagsrechnung am Beispiel eines Pumpspeicherwerks in verschiedenen Tagebauen zeigt, dass diese mit bis zu 400 GWh ein signifikantes technisches Speicherpotenzial haben. KW - Braunkohle KW - Energiewende KW - erneuerbare Energie KW - Pumpspeicherwerk KW - Speicherkapazität KW - Tagebau Y1 - 2019 VL - 69 IS - 4 SP - 38 EP - 39 PB - ETV Energieverl. CY - Essen ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Sterner, Michael A1 - Thema, Martin T1 - Vergleich der Speichersysteme T2 - Energiespeicher - Bedarf, Technologien, Integration KW - Energiespeicher Y1 - 2017 SN - 978-3-662-48893-5 SN - 978-3-662-48892-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-48893-5_12 SP - 645 EP - 682 PB - Springer Vieweg CY - Berlin ; Heidelberg ET - 2. Auflage ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Sterner, Michael A1 - Stadler, Ingo A1 - Eckert, Fabian A1 - Gerhardt, Norman A1 - von Olshausen, Christian A1 - Thema, Martin A1 - Trost, Tobias T1 - Speicherintegration zur Kopplung unterschiedlicher Energiesektoren T2 - Energiespeicher - Bedarf, Technologien, Integration KW - Energieversorgung KW - Energiespeicher KW - Sektorkopplung KW - Systemintegration Y1 - 2017 SN - 978-3-662-48893-5 SN - 978-3-662-48892-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-48893-5_14 SP - 769 EP - 818 PB - Springer Vieweg CY - Berlin ; Heidelberg ET - 2. Auflage ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Sterner, Michael A1 - Breuer, Christopher A1 - Drees, Tim A1 - Eckert, Fabian A1 - Maaz, Andreas A1 - Pape, Carsten A1 - Rotering, Niklas A1 - Thema, Martin T1 - Speicherbedarf in der Stromversorgung T2 - Energiespeicher - Bedarf, Technologien, Integration KW - Speicherbedarf KW - Stromversorgung Y1 - 2017 SN - 978-3-662-48893-5 SN - 978-3-662-48892-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-48893-5_3 SP - 53 EP - 140 PB - Springer Vieweg CY - Berlin ; Heidelberg ET - 2. Auflage ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Sterner, Michael A1 - Eckert, Fabian A1 - Gerhardt, Norman A1 - Henning, Hans-Martin A1 - Palzer, Andreas T1 - Speicherbedarf in der Wärmeversorgung T2 - Energiespeicher - Bedarf, Technologien, Integration KW - Energiespeicher KW - Wärmeversorgung Y1 - 2017 SN - 978-3-662-48893-5 SN - 978-3-662-48892-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-48893-5_4 SP - 141 EP - 168 PB - Springer Vieweg CY - Berlin ; Heidelberg ET - 2. Auflage ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Sterner, Michael A1 - Stadler, Ingo A1 - Eckert, Fabian A1 - Thema, Martin T1 - Speicherintegration in einzelnen Energiesektoren T2 - Energiespeicher - Bedarf, Technologien, Integration KW - Energiespeicher KW - Systemintegration Y1 - 2017 SN - 978-3-662-48893-5 SN - 978-3-662-48892-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-48893-5_13 SP - 685 EP - 767 PB - Springer Vieweg CY - Berlin ; Heidelberg ET - 2. Auflage ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Stadler, Ingo A1 - Eckert, Fabian ED - Sterner, Michael ED - Stadler, Ingo T1 - Lastmanagement als Energiespeicher T2 - Energiespeicher - Bedarf, Technologien, Integration KW - Lastverteilung KW - Energiespeicher Y1 - 2017 SN - 978-3-662-48893-5 SN - 978-3-662-48892-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-48893-5_11 SP - 619 EP - 644 PB - Springer Vieweg CY - Berlin ; Heidelberg ET - 2. Auflage ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Sterner, Michael A1 - Eckert, Fabian A1 - Henning, Hans-Martin A1 - Trost, Tobias T1 - Speicherbedarf im Verkehrs- und Chemiesektor T2 - Energiespeicher - Bedarf, Technologien, Integration KW - Speicherbedarf KW - Verkehrssektor KW - Chemische Industrie Y1 - 2017 SN - 978-3-662-48893-5 SN - 978-3-662-48892-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-48893-5_5 SP - 169 EP - 192 PB - Springer Vieweg CY - Berlin ; Heidelberg ET - 2. Auflage ER - TY - INPR A1 - Gärtner, Sebastian A1 - Marx-Schubach, Thomas A1 - Gaderer, Matthias A1 - Schmitz, Gerhard A1 - Sterner, Michael T1 - Introduction of an Innovative Energy Concept for low Emission Glass Melting based on Carbon Capture and Usage N2 - Due to the very high fossil energy demand, the glass industry is looking for innovative approaches for the reduction of CO2 emissions and the integration of renewable energy sources. In this paper, we present a novel power-to-gas concept, which has no impact on established melting processes and discuss it for this purpose. A special focus is set on the required CO2 capture from typical flue gases in the glass industry, as this process has not been investigated in detail yet. We used a process simulation approach to investigate post-combustion CO2 capture by absorption processes, followed by a techno-economic evaluation. Our investigations found the designed CO2 capture plant to be approx. 400 times smaller than absorption based CO2 separation processes for conventional power plants. Due to the many options for waste heat utilization, the waste heat required for CO2 desorption can be generated in a particularly efficient and cost-effective way. The resulting CO2 avoidance costs range between 41-42 €/t CO2, depending on waste heat utilization for desorption, and thus offer a cost effective way of CO2 removal from glass industry melting processes. These costs are well below the values of 50-65 €/t CO2 described so far for comparable industrial applications. In addition, we describe optimization options, like solvent and process improvements, to enable further cost reductions. These results motivate further research and development on the overall process presented in this work. KW - glass KW - Oxyfuel KW - Methanation KW - Power-to-Gas KW - CO2 capture KW - Economic Analysis Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.31224/2642 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Sterner, Michael A1 - Stadler, Ingo T1 - Energiespeicher im Wandel der Zeit T2 - Energiespeicher - Bedarf, Technologien, Integration KW - Energiespeicher Y1 - 2017 SN - 978-3-662-48893-5 SN - 978-3-662-48892-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-48893-5_1 SP - 3 EP - 24 PB - Springer Vieweg CY - Berlin ; Heidelberg ET - 2. Auflage ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Thema, Martin A1 - Weidlich, Tobias A1 - Hörl, Manuel A1 - Bellack, Annett A1 - Mörs, Friedemann A1 - Hackl, Florian A1 - Kohlmayer, Matthias A1 - Gleich, Jasmin A1 - Stabenau, Carsten A1 - Trabold, Thomas A1 - Neubert, Michael A1 - Ortloff, Felix A1 - Brotsack, Raimund A1 - Schmack, Doris A1 - Huber, Harald A1 - Hafenbradl, Doris A1 - Karl, Jürgen A1 - Sterner, Michael T1 - Biological CO2-Methanation: An Approach to Standardization JF - Energies N2 - Power-to-Methane as one part of Power-to-Gas has been recognized globally as one of the key elements for the transition towards a sustainable energy system. While plants that produce methane catalytically have been in operation for a long time, biological methanation has just reached industrial pilot scale and near-term commercial application. The growing importance of the biological method is reflected by an increasing number of scientific articles describing novel approaches to improve this technology. However, these studies are difficult to compare because they lack a coherent nomenclature. In this article, we present a comprehensive set of parameters allowing the characterization and comparison of various biological methanation processes. To identify relevant parameters needed for a proper description of this technology, we summarized existing literature and defined system boundaries for Power-to-Methane process steps. On this basis, we derive system parameters providing information on the methanation system, its performance, the biology and cost aspects. As a result, three different standards are provided as a blueprint matrix for use in academia and industry applicable to both, biological and catalytic methanation. Hence, this review attempts to set the standards for a comprehensive description of biological and chemical methanation processes. KW - Biological methanation KW - bubble column reactor KW - CO2-methanation KW - CSTR KW - membrane reactor KW - methanation KW - Power-to-Gas KW - Power-to-Methane KW - standardization KW - Trickle-bed reactor Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/en12091670 N1 - Corresponding author: Martin Thema VL - 12 IS - 9 SP - 1 EP - 32 PB - MDPI ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kaul, Anja A1 - Boellmann, Andrea A1 - Thema, Martin A1 - Kalb, Larissa A1 - Stoeckl, Richard A1 - Huber, Harald A1 - Sterner, Michael A1 - Bellack, Annett T1 - Combining a robust thermophilic methanogen and packing material with high liquid hold-up to optimize biological methanation in trickle-bed reactors JF - Bioresource technology N2 - The hydrogen gas-to-liquid mass transfer is the limiting factor in biological methanation. In trickle-bed reactors, mass transfer can be increased by high flow velocities in the liquid phase, by adding a packing material with high liquid hold-up or by using methanogenic archaea with a high methane productivity. This study developed a polyphasic approach to address all methods at once. Various methanogenic strains and packings were investigated from a microbial and hydrodynamic perspective. Analyzing the ability to produce high-quality methane and to form biofilms, pure cultures of Methanothermobacter performed better than those of the genus Methanothermococcus. Liquid and static hold-up of a packing material and its capability to facilitate attachment was not attributable to a single property. Consequently, it is recommended to carefully match organism and packing for optimized performance of trickle-bed reactors. The ideal combination for the ORBIT system was identified as Methanothermobacter thermoautotrophicus IM5 and DuraTop (R). KW - BIOCATALYTIC METHANATION KW - CARBON-DIOXIDE KW - hydrogen KW - Liquid hold-up maximization KW - MASS-TRANSFER KW - Methane production KW - Methanothermobacter KW - Methanothermococcus KW - Optimized packing-organism combination KW - THERMOAUTOTROPHICUS Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126524 VL - 345 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - INPR A1 - Kaul, Anja A1 - Böllmann, Andrea A1 - Thema, Martin A1 - Kalb, Larissa A1 - Stöckl, Richard A1 - Huber, Harald A1 - Sterner, Michael A1 - Bellack, Annett T1 - Identification of Robust Thermophilic Methanogenic Archaea and Packing Material for High Liquid Hold-Up at Low Volumetric Gas Flow Rates for Use in Trickle-Bed Reactors for Biological Methanation T2 - SSRN Electronic Journal N2 - he hydrogen gas-to-liquid mass transfer is the limiting factor in biological methanation. In a trickle-bed reactor, mass transfer can be increased by high flow velocities in the liquid phase, by adding a packing material with high liquid hold-up, or by choosing methanogenic archaea with a high methane productivity. This study analyzed various packings and methanogenic strains from a hydrodynamic and microbial perspective. By analyzing twelve pure cultures of thermophilic methanogens for their ability to produce high quality methane and to form biofilms on different packings, strains of Methanothermobacter were found to perform better than thus of the genus Methanothermococcus. Best methane production and adherence was observed on DuraTop®, Bioflow 9, and filter foam. DuraTop® and Bioflow 9 had also a high dynamic liquid hold-up, but the maximum hold-up was determined for expanded clay. The ideal combination for use in the ORBIT-trickle-bed reactor was identified as Methanothermobacter thermoautotrophicus IM5 and DuraTop®. KW - Liquid hold-up maximization KW - Methane production KW - Methanothermobacter KW - Methanothermococcus KW - Optimized packing-organism combination Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3940878 N1 - final peer reviewed article published under: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126524 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Sterner, Michael ED - Sterner, Michael ED - Stadler, Ingo T1 - Energy Storage Through the Ages T2 - Handbook of Energy Storage N2 - Human beings have relied on stored energy since time immemorial. The planet’s first mechanism for storing energy arose two billion years ago. Photosynthesis captures solar energy in chemical bonds; it is a process on which all life depends. With the discovery of fire around one-and-a-half million years ago, early man learned to access this stored energy by burning wood. Only since the Industrial Revolution have humans used fossil fuels, which are the results of biomass produced millions of years ago, then subjected to geological processes. Today, the long-term objective is to utilize sustainable biomass storage, replicate it by technical means, and to develop new storage technologies. This chapter is about the history of energy storage as it pertains to the carbon cycle. It begins with a natural energy storage system—photosynthesis—and examines its products biomass, peat, and fossil fuels before turning to storage technology in the era of renewable energies. It will also discuss how stored energy is used. This chapter focuses on natural biogenic and fossil energy storage. Other chapters are devoted to artificial storage technologies, including batteries, pumped-storage, and power-to-gas (PtG). Each begins with a short history of its respective technology. Y1 - 2019 SN - 978-3-662-55503-3 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-55504-0_1 SP - 3 EP - 22 PB - Springer CY - Berlin, Heidelberg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Thema, Martin A1 - Weidlich, Tobias A1 - Kaul, Anja A1 - Böllmann, Andrea A1 - Huber, Harald A1 - Bellack, Annett A1 - Karl, Jürgen A1 - Sterner, Michael T1 - Optimized biological CO2-methanation with a pure culture of thermophilic methanogenic archaea in a trickle-bed reactor JF - Bioresource Technology N2 - In this study, a fully automated process converting hydrogen and carbon dioxide to methane in a high temperature trickle-bed reactor was developed from lab scale to field test level. The reactor design and system performance was optimized to yield high methane content in the product gas for direct feed-in to the gas grid. The reaction was catalyzed by a pure culture of Methanothermobacter thermoautotrophicus IM5, which formed a biofilm on ceramic packing elements. During 600 h in continuous and semi-continuous operation in countercurrent flow, the 0.05 m3 reactor produced up to 95.3 % of methane at a methane production rate of 0.35 mCH43mR-3h-1. Adding nitrogen as carrier gas during startup, foam control and dosing of ammonium and sodium sulfide as nitrogen and sulfur source were important factors for process automation. KW - Biological methanation KW - Power-to-Gas KW - Reactor concept KW - Thermophilic archaea KW - Trickle-bed reactor Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125135 IS - 333 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Stadler, Ingo A1 - Eckert, Fabian ED - Sterner, Michael ED - Stadler, Ingo T1 - Load Management as an Energy Storage System T2 - Handbook of Energy Storage N2 - Chapters 6 to 9 focused on storage systems that store electric energy in a range of forms, and then release the energy again as electric energy. Chapter 10 discussed the use of thermal-energy storage (TES) systems for thermal management. This chapter examines management methods. These methods use processes that typically convert electric energy into another form of final energy that can also be stored. This form of energy is often thermal energy. But unlike with the systems discussed in previous chapters, here the energy stored is not converted back into electricity. Instead, the energy is used and stored in the same form. From the point of view of the energy supply system, these management methods perform exactly the same function as energy storage systems. This chapter discusses load-management in general, then potential uses of load-management, and finally, current trends. Y1 - 2019 SN - 978-3-662-55503-3 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-55504-0_11 SP - 611 EP - 636 PB - Springer CY - Berlin, Heidelberg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mühlbauer, Andreas A1 - Keiner, Dominik A1 - Gerhards, Christoph A1 - Caldera, Upeksha A1 - Sterner, Michael A1 - Breyer, Christian T1 - Assessment of technologies and economics for carbon dioxide removal from a portfolio perspective JF - International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control N2 - Carbon dioxide removal (CDR) is essential to achieve ambitious climate goals limiting global warming to less than 1.5◦C, and likely for achieving the 1.5◦C target. This study addresses the need for diverse CDR portfolios and introduces the LUT-CDR tool, which assesses CDR technology portfolios aligned with hypothetical societal preferences. Six scenarios are described, considering global deployment limitations, techno-economic factors, area requirements, technology readiness, and storage security for various CDR options. The results suggest the feasibility of large-scale CDR, potentially removing 500–1750 GtCO2 by 2100 to meet the set climate targets. For a 1.0◦C climate goal, CDR portfolios necessitate 12.0–37.5% more primary energy compared to a scenario without CDR. Remarkably, funding a 1.0◦C target requires only 0.42–0.65% of the projected global gross domestic product. Bioenergy carbon capture and sequestration and rainfall-based afforestation play limited roles, while secure sequestration of captured CO2 via direct air capture, electricity-based carbon sequestration, and desalination-based afforestation emerge as more promising options. The study offers crucial techno-economic parameters for implementing CDR options in future energy-industry-CDR system analyses and demonstrates the tool’s flexibility through alternative assumptions. It also discusses limitations, sensitivities, potential tradeoffs, and outlines options for future research in the area of large-scale CDR. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2024.104297 VL - 141 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Trost, Tobias A1 - Sterner, Michael A1 - Bruckner, Thomas T1 - Impact of electric vehicles and synthetic gaseous fuels on final energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions in Germany based on long-term vehicle fleet modelling JF - Energy N2 - Based on a prospective scenario analysis, possible vehicle fleet developments for the individual motor car traffic (vehicle categories N1 and M1) are investigated for Germany in order to determine the long-term vehicle fleet structure, final energy demand, and related carbon dioxide emissions until the year 2050. In this framework, a vehicle fleet model was developed which combines a bottom-up consumer demand model with a dynamic stock-flow approach. Special emphasis is thereby given to different electric power-trains and synthetic gaseous fuels based on the power-to-gas technology. In detail, two different main scenarios are developed and, in addition, the impact of different carbon dioxide taxation levels of fossil fuels on the vehicle fleet structure are analysed. The scenario results reveal a broad range of possible future vehicle fleet structures. In the short to medium timeframe, the internal combustion engine dominates the fleet as a result of efficiency improvements and an increased use of natural gas as automotive fuel. The development of electric power-trains is initially marked by hybrid vehicles, whereas battery electric vehicles dominate the fleet structure in the long-term. Under favourable conditions, also synthetic gaseous fuels are competitive which can reduce carbon dioxide emissions even further. KW - Carbon dioxide emissions KW - Electric vehicles KW - Final energy consumption KW - Power-to-gas KW - Total cost of ownership KW - Vehicle fleet modelling Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2017.10.006 SN - 0360-5442 VL - 141 SP - 1215 EP - 1225 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Keiner, Dominik A1 - Breyer, Christian A1 - Sterner, Michael T1 - Coupling heat and electricity storage technologies for cost and self-consumption optimised residential PV prosumer systems in Germany JF - International Journal of Sustainable Energy Planning and Management N2 - Coupling energy sectors within the emerging residential PV prosumer systems is necessary for an optimised use of the houseowners’ own produced electricity. But the pure availability of different energy technologies in the system is not enough. By optimising the electricity usage as well as the capacities of PV generators, storage technologies, heat pumps and battery electric vehicles, not only the best solution in a technical point of view can be achieved, the need of finding the most financially beneficial system composition for single-family houses and tenements is possible. The study provides a detailed model for average German single-family houses and tenements and results for the energy transition period until 2050 for the optimised energy systems regarding optimised PV and stationary battery capacities and different heat storage capacities. Most noticeable outcomes can be observed by using a vehicle-to-home car, where a car can mostly take over the tasks of a stationary battery and by introducing a solidarity model using this type of car in tenement systems. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5278/ijsepm.2019.21.4 VL - 21 PB - OJS/PKP ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Estermann, Thomas A1 - Newborough, Marcus N. A1 - Sterner, Michael T1 - Power-to-gas systems for absorbing excess solar power in electricity distribution networks JF - International Journal of Hydrogen Energy N2 - The feasibility of implementing power-to-gas systems, to absorb surplus solar power from electricity distribution networks and carbon dioxide from biomass anaerobic digestion (AD) plant, in order to produce synthetic methane was investigated for a region of Southern Germany that has a high solar power penetration. The analysis was based on time series electricity data for 2012 from which future load profiles were computed in accordance with the expected installed capacities of solar power across the period 2015–2025. The electrolyser capacity required to absorb 20% of excess solar energy occurring within the region's low voltage network in 2025 was estimated to be 370 MWe. First order considerations of the region's gas grid, electricity network and existing AD sites suggest that such a deployment could be achieved by installing sub-MW (and some multi-MW) power-to-gas plant at several hundred AD sites. KW - Energy storage KW - Power-to-gas KW - Solar power KW - Synthetic methane Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2016.05.278 VL - 41 IS - 32 SP - 13950 EP - 13959 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Rill, Daniel A1 - Butz, Christiane A1 - Rill, Georg ED - Kecskeméthy, Andrés ED - Geu Flores, Francisco T1 - Dynamic Interaction of Heavy Duty Vehicles and Expansion Joints T2 - Multibody Dynamics 2019, Proceedings of the 9th ECCOMAS Thematic Conference on Multibody Dynamics N2 - The “Smart Bridge (Intelligente Brücke)” project cluster, initiated by the German Federal Highway Research Institute (Bundesanstalt für Straßenwesen, BASt) and the Federal Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure (BMVI), focuses on “smart” monitoring devices that allow an efficient and economic maintenance management of bridge infrastructures. Among the participating projects, the one presented herein focuses on the development of a smart expansion joint, to assess the traffic parameters on site. This is achieved by measuring velocity and weight of crossing vehicles. In reference measurements, performed with a three-axle truck and a typical tractor semi-trailer combination with five axles in total, it was shown that the interaction between the vehicle and the expansion joint is highly dynamic and depends on several factors. To get more insight into this dynamic problem, a virtual test rig was set up. Although nearly all vehicle parameters had to be estimated, the simulation results conform very well with the measurements and are robust to vehicle parameter variations. In addition, they indicate a significant influence of the expansion joint dynamic to the peak values of the measured wheel loads, in particular on higher driving velocities. By compensating the relevant dynamic effects in the measurements, a “smart” data processing algorithm makes it possible to determine the actual vehicle weights in random traffic with reliability and appropriate accuracy. Y1 - 2020 SN - 978-3-030-23131-6 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23132-3_56 VL - 53 SP - 471 EP - 478 PB - Springer International Publishing CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Buschmann, Knut A1 - Briem, Ulrich ED - Dohm, Martin T1 - Ultra Deep Temperature Behaviour of Wire Rope and Rope Wires T2 - Proceedings of the OIPEEC Conference, La Rochelle, France, 12th - 15th March 2019 N2 - Mobile cranes are regularly operated in regions which experience ultra deep operating temperatures of down to -60?C (-76?F). In safety regulated work environments crane operations will be suspended simply because the lowest wire rope working temperature stated in the applicable standards is -40?C/F. Examples of ultra deep temperature wire rope application are shown in Figure 1.1 and 1.3. It should be noted that this paper is written in conjunction with a paper written by the co-author Ulrich Briem titled “Fatigue Behaviour of Rope Wires”, presented and published in unison with this one. In order to analyze the behaviour under ultra deep temperature conditions, tests on wire rope as well as on rope wires were carried out. In the following, static tensile and bending test results with rope and rope wires will be reported, which were carried out in conditions of down to -95?C (-139?F) as well as at room temperature. The conclusion is that the results of these tests can be adopted to crane wire rope as well. Y1 - 2019 UR - https://oipeec.org/products/ultra-deep-temperature-behaviour-of-wire-rope-and-rope-wires ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hofmeister, Justus A1 - Krebs, Stefan A1 - Schickhuber, Gerald A1 - Scharfenberg, Georg T1 - Design and development of a Pico Hydro turbine system for the use in developing countries T2 - 2015 5th International Youth Conference on Energy (IYCE), 27-30 May 2015, Pisa, Italy N2 - In Sub-Saharan Africa less than 10% of the rural population has access to electricity [1]. Stand-alone power systems (SPS) can be a solution to the problem of the lack of electricity, which highlights challenges such as modules installation costs as well as the sufficient knowledge required for installing, maintaining and operating such systems. With this fact in mind, a 250 W Low Head turbine system was developed and optimized to have the advantage of the simplicity of installation and a construction from readily available materials. This design scores the electrical efficiency of 60%, reduces manufacturing unit coast to 130 € and takes into account the necessity of providing a clear and simple manual describing the manufacturing and installation. A better version of the load controller, using a microcomputer is under current development. Mounting of the system have been simplified to reduce the amount of construction material required to provide uninterrupted 230 V at 50 Hz AC or optional 12 V DC power supply. Current efforts aim on transferring the required mechanical and electrical knowledge for building, programming, installing and maintaining such system to schools in targeted countries. This project doesn’t only provide people in rural developing countries a gleam of hope to catch up with the developed countries, but also helps students to use their theoretical knowledge to realize practical applications. KW - Coils KW - Development Cooperation KW - Generators KW - Hydraulic turbines KW - Low Head KW - Pico Hydro KW - Propellers KW - Shafts KW - Synchronous Generator KW - Water Turbine KW - Windings Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/IYCE.2015.7180767 SP - 1 EP - 7 PB - IEEE ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Federrath, H. A1 - Mottok, Jürgen A1 - Plößl, K. A1 - Völkl, Thomas T1 - Automotive safety and security JF - Jahresrückblick 2007 des Bayerischen IT-Sicherheitsclusters Y1 - 2007 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sýkora, Miroslav A1 - Markova, Jana A1 - Diamantidis, Dimitris T1 - Bayesian network application for the risk assessment of existing energy production units JF - Reliability Engineering & System Safety N2 - The assessment of existing infrastructures in the energy sector is of great economic significance worldwide. Fossil power stations are reaching their design service life and rational decisions concerning extensions of service life, maintenance and replacements of devices should be based on updated information of the actual conditions of the energy devices and their components, and on cost-benefit analysis using risk analysis and probabilistic optimisation procedures. The contribution provides an integrated framework for probabilistic reliability and risk assessment of existing energy production units considering availability and human safety criteria. An extensive case study focused on risks of an energy production unit in a fossil power station is provided to support practical applications. A Bayesian network is thereby implemented to assess the risks of the selected production unit. Special emphasis is given to the input data consisting of failure rates obtained from recorded data and expert judgements. The influence of uncertainties in the considered performance indicators on the availability of the unit is analysed. It is shown that a reasonably simplified framework can provide a valuable assessment of the influence of individual devices and their components on availability and societal risk, identifying thus the major risk contributors. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. KW - Availability KW - Bayesian networks KW - Decision-making KW - design KW - Failure probability KW - FRAMEWORK KW - Optimization KW - Production unit KW - Risk analysis KW - Societal risk KW - SYSTEMS KW - Uncertainties Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ress.2017.09.006 VL - 169 IS - January SP - 312 EP - 320 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weber, Karsten A1 - Haug, Sonja T1 - Ist automatisiertes Fahren nachhaltig? BT - Entwicklungstendenzen und Forschungsüberlegungen angesichts geringer Akzeptanz JF - TATuP - Zeitschrift für Technikfolgenabschätzung in Theorie und Praxis N2 - Automatisiertes Fahren stößt derzeit noch auf große Skepsis. Eine disruptive Strategie bei der Einführung (voll-)automatisierten Fahrens könnte daher auf fehlende Akzeptanz treffen. Um dem zu entgehen, laufen evolutionäre Strategien darauf hinaus, durch die Entwicklung adaptiver Fahrassistenzsysteme Vertrautheit, Vertrauen und damit Akzeptanz bei den prospektiven NutzerInnen zu schaffen. Erste Ergebnisse einer Pilotstudie lassen jedoch Zweifel an der Nachhaltigkeit dieser Strategie aufkommen. KW - driver assistance systems KW - automated driving KW - acceptance KW - sustainability Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.14512/tatup.27.2.16 VL - 27 IS - 2 SP - 16 EP - 22 PB - Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Keim, Vincent A1 - Nonn, Aida A1 - Lenz, D. A1 - Brinnel, Viktoria A1 - Münstermann, Sebastian T1 - Simulation of the ductile fracture behaviour of high toughness pipeline steels using combined damage models T2 - Proceedings of the conference on Technology for future and ageing piplines, Ghent, Belgium Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Nonn, Aida A1 - Kalwa, Christoph T1 - Simulation of ductile crack propagation in high-strength pipeline steel using damage models T2 - 9th International Pipeline Conference 2012 (IPC 2012), Calgary, Canada N2 - The performance of engineering design of high-strength steel pipelines has revealed the necessity to revise current design procedures. Therefore, an improved and detailed comprehension of fracture mechanisms and development of failure prediction tools are required in order to derive new design criteria. In last decades the most successful failure prediction tools for steel structures subjected to various type of loading can be encountered in the field of damage mechanics. This paper aims to describe ductile fracture behavior of high-strength steel pipelines by applying three different damage models, Gurson-Tvergaard-Needelman (GTN), Fracture Locus Curve (FLC) and Cohesive Zone (CZ). These models are evaluated regarding their capability to estimate ductile crack propagation in laboratory specimens and linepipe components without adjusting the calibrated parameters. It can be shown that appropriate parameter sets can be identified to reproduce load-deformation and fracture resistance curves accurately. The strain rate effect on the fracture behavior is examined by dynamic tests on the BDWT specimens. Finally, the shortcomings of the applied models are pointed out with the reference to possible extensions and modifications. Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1115/IPC2012-90653 ER -