TY - CHAP A1 - Frikel, Jürgen A1 - Quinto, E.T. ED - Burger, Martin ED - Todd Quinto, Eric ED - Louis, Alfred K. T1 - Artifacts in limited view tomography T2 - Oberwolfach Reports Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4171/OWR/2014/37 VL - 11 IS - 3 SP - 2047 EP - 2114 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Brill, Markus A1 - Fluschnik, Till A1 - Froese, Vincent A1 - Jain, Brijnesh A1 - Niedermeier, Rolf A1 - Schultz, David T1 - Exact mean computation in dynamic time warping spaces JF - Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery N2 - Averaging time series under dynamic time warping is an important tool for improving nearest-neighbor classifiers and formulating centroid-based clustering. The most promising approach poses time series averaging as the problem of minimizing a Fréchet function. Minimizing the Fréchet function is NP-hard and so far solved by several heuristics and inexact strategies. Our contributions are as follows: we first discuss some inaccuracies in the literature on exact mean computation in dynamic time warping spaces. Then we propose an exponential-time dynamic program for computing a global minimum of the Fréchet function. The proposed algorithm is useful for benchmarking and evaluating known heuristics. In addition, we present an exact polynomial-time algorithm for the special case of binary time series. Based on the proposed exponential-time dynamic program, we empirically study properties like uniqueness and length of a mean, which are of interest for devising better heuristics. Experimental evaluations indicate substantial deficits of state-of-the-art heuristics in terms of their output quality. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10618-018-0604-8 VL - 33 SP - 252 EP - 291 PB - Springer Nature ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weber, Karsten T1 - Ökonomische Überlegungen zum Wissenschaftsbetrieb BT - Immaterialgüterrechte, Wissensallmende und Informationsnachhaltigkeit JF - Modern Management Review / Dawna Nazwa - Zardądzanie i Marketing N2 - Nachhaltigkeit und nachhaltiges Wirtschaften sind spätestens seit Mitte der 1980er Jahre wichtige Konzepte sowohl wissenschaftlicher als auch politischer Debatten. Sie werden ins-besondere thematisiert, wenn es um den Umgang mit knappen materiellen Ressourcen geht – fossile Energieträger sind hierfür sowohl als endliche Ressourcen als auch als Gefährdung anderer knapper Ressourcen wie eine saubere Umwelt ein paradigmatisches Beispiel. Da es jedoch nicht nur materielle Ressourcen, sondern auch Immaterialgüter gibt, soll untersucht werden, ob Konzepte der Nachhaltigkeit und des nachhaltigen Wirtschaftens auch in Bezug auf Immaterialgüter wie Informationen und Wissen angewendet werden können. Dazu wird es notwendig sein, zunächst die spezifischen ökonomischen Eigenschaften von Informatio-nen und Wissen herauszuarbeiten. Dabei zeigt sich, dass Immaterialgüter durch Anwendung von Immaterialgüterrechten zu knappen Ressourcen gemacht werden können. Wenn aber auch Informationen und Wissen faktisch zu den knappen Ressourcen gezählt werden müs-sen, so macht es Sinn, Nachhaltigkeit auch für Immaterialgüter zu fordern – dies soll mit dem Ausdruck „Informationsnachhaltigkeit“ bezeichnet werden. Wird das Konzept der In-formationsnachhaltigkeit auf den Wissenschaftsbetrieb angewendet, so kann in Bezug auf den Wissensbestand der Wissenschaft von einer Wissensallmende gesprochen werden. Die schon länger stattfindenden Veränderungen des Wissenschaftsbetriebs und des wissenschaft-lichen Publikationswesens gefährden auf der einen Seite den Bestand der Wissensallmende; auf der anderen Seite finden sich jedoch auch Gegenreaktionen, die Versuche darstellen, bspw. durch den Open Access-Gedanken die Wissensallmende zu erhalten. Allerdings zeigt die Analyse, dass sowohl eine romantisierende Perspektive auf die Wissensallmende und Open Access als auch eine pauschale Kritik am existierenden privatwirtschaftlichen Publikationswesen falsch wären, da beide Teile des wissenschaftlichen Publikationswesens aufeinander angewiesen sind. Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.7862/rz.2013.hss.55 VL - 20 IS - 4 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hofmann, A. A1 - Hierl, Stefan T1 - Kontrolliertes Laserdurchstrahlschweißen JF - Kunststoffe N2 - Obwohl das Laserdurchstrahlschweißen sehr reproduzierbar arbeitet, können Fehler aus den Vorprozessen Compoundieren, Spritzgießen etc. das Schweißergebnis negativ beeinflussen. Dem Anwender steht inzwischen eine breite Palette an Prozessüberwachungsmethoden zur Verfügung, um eine gleich bleibende Produktqualität zu erzielen. Y1 - 2005 UR - https://res.cloudinary.com/sternwald-systems/raw/upload/v1/hugoprd/ARTIKEL_ATTACH/0023FE89_2E241FF70B1C/cf76c9103f760b78d6a3d1b7ecab28f0903541fb/KU_2005_06_Qualitaetssicherung-Kontrolliertes-Laserdurchstrahlschweissen.pdf VL - 95 IS - 6 SP - 36 EP - 38 PB - Hanser ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hornberger, Helga A1 - Marquis, Peter M. A1 - Franks, J. T1 - The impact of diamond-like coatings on the strength of dental ceramics JF - Journal of Dental Research Y1 - 1995 VL - 74 SP - 522 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Müller, Jens A1 - Alt, Martin A1 - Dünnweber, Jan A1 - Gorlatch, Sergei T1 - Clayworks BT - A System for Collaborative Real-Time Modeling and High-Performance Simulation T2 - IEEE International Conference on e-Science and Grid Computing (e-Science'06), 2nd, 4-6 Dec 2006, Amsterdam, Netherlands N2 - Clayworks is a software system which integrates collaborative real-time modeling and distributed computing. It addresses the challenge of developing a collaborative workspace with a seamless access to high-performance servers. Clayworks allows modeling of virtual clay objects and running computation-intensive deformation simulations for objects crashing into each other. To integrate heterogeneous computational resources, we adopted modern Grid middleware and provided the users with an intuitive graphical interface. We parallelized the computation of simulations using a Higher-Order Component (HOC) which abstracts over the Globus Web service resource framework (WSRF) used to interconnect our worksuite to the computation server. Clayworks is a representative of a large class of demanding systems which combine collaborative modeling with performance-critical computations, e.g., crash-tests or simulations for biological population evolution. KW - Collaboration KW - Real time systems KW - Computational modeling KW - Collaborative work KW - Biology computing KW - Biological system modeling KW - Deformable models KW - Computer crashes KW - Software systems KW - Concurrent computing Y1 - 2006 SN - 0-7695-2734-5 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/E-SCIENCE.2006.261188 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Dünnweber, Jan A1 - Dumitrescu, Cǎtǎlin L. A1 - Raicu, Ioan A1 - Foster, Ian ED - Priol, Thierry ED - Vanneschi, Marco T1 - Simplifying Grid Application Programming Using Web-Enabled Code Transfer Tools T2 - Towards Next Generation Grids N2 - This paper deals with one of the fundamental properties of grid computing – transferring code between grid nodes and executing it remotely on heterogeneous hosts. Contemporary middleware relies for this purpose on Web Services, which makes application programs complicated and low-level and requires much additional expertise from programmers. We compare two mechanisms for grid application programming with regard to their handling of code transfer – the de-facto standard WS-GRAM in Globus and the higher-level approach based on HOCs (Higher-Order Components). We study the advantages and problems of each approach using a real-world application case study – the sequent alignment problem from bioinformatics. Our experiments show the trade-off between reduced development costs and software complexity when HOCs are used and the higher performance of the applications on the grid when using WS-GRAM. KW - Distributed Systems KW - Resource Management KW - Service Level Agreements KW - Application Code KW - Grid Application KW - Executable Code KW - Code Parameter KW - Globus Toolkit Y1 - 2007 SN - 978-0-387-72497-3 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-72498-0_21 SP - 225 EP - 235 PB - Springer CY - Rennes, France ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Dünnweber, Jan A1 - Gorlatch, Sergei A1 - Benoit, Anne A1 - Cole, Murray T1 - Integrating MPI-Skeletons with Web Services T2 - ParCo'05 - International Conference on Parallel Computing, 2005, Malaga, Spain N2 - Interoperating components, implemented in multiple programming languages, are one of the key requirements of grid computing that operates over the borders of individual hardware and software platforms. Modern grid middleware like WSRF facilitates interoperability through service-orientation but it also increases software complexity. We show that Higher-Order Components (HOCs) provide a service-oriented programming abstraction over middleware technology. By offering the pipeline skeleton from the MPI-based eSkel library as a HOC, we show how machine-oriented technologies can be made available via Web Services on grids. We bind a Java-based Web application to the HOC to demonstrate its connectivity: user defined input can be transformed in a highly performant manner by running wavelet computations remotely on parallel machines. Y1 - 2005 UR - http://homepages.inf.ed.ac.uk/mic/Pubs/malaga.pdf SP - 787 EP - 794 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Dünnweber, Jan A1 - Gorlatch, Sergei T1 - Higher-Order Components for Grid Programming BT - Making Grids More Usable N2 - A major challenge in grid computing remains the application software development for this new kind of infrastructure. Grid application programmers have to take into account several complicated aspects: distribution of data and computations, parallel computations on different sites and processors, heterogeneity of the involved computers, load balancing, etc. Grid programmers thus demand novel programming methodologies that abstract over such technical details while preserving the beneficial features of modern grid middleware. For this purpose, the authors introduce Higher-Order Components (HOCs). HOCs implement generic parallel/distributed processing patterns, together with the required middleware support, and they are offered to users via a high-level service interface. Users only have to provide the application-specific pieces of their programs as parameters, while low-level implementation details, such as the transfer of data across the grid, are handled by the HOCs. HOCs were developed within the CoreGRID European Network of Excellence and have become an optional extension of the popular Globus middleware. The book provides the reader with hands-on experience, describing a broad collection of example applications from various fields of science and engineering, including biology, physics, etc. The Java code for these examples is provided online, complementing the book. The expected application performance is studied and reported for extensive performance experiments on different testbeds, including grids with worldwide distribution. The book is targeted at graduate students, advanced professionals, and researchers in both academia and industry. Readers can raise their level of knowledge about methodologies for programming contemporary parallel and distributed systems, and, furthermore, they can gain practical experience in using distributed software. Practical examples show how the complementary online material can easily be adopted in various new projects. KW - Component-Based Development KW - Distributed Computing KW - Distributed Resource Management KW - Globus KW - Grid and Cloud Computing KW - Java KW - Middleware KW - Web Services KW - distributed systems KW - grid computing KW - load balancing KW - programming Y1 - 2009 SN - 978-3-642-00841-2 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-00841-2 PB - Springer CY - Berlin, Heidelberg ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Dünnweber, Jan A1 - Lüdeking, Philipp A1 - Gorlatch, Sergei ED - Danelutto, Marco ED - Fragopoulou, Paraskevi ED - Getov, Vladimir T1 - A Higher-Order Component for Efficient Genome Processing on the Grid T2 - Making Grids Work N2 - Computational grids combine computers in the Internet for distributed data processing and are an attractive platform for the data-intensive applications of bioinformatics. We present an extensible genome processing software for the grid and evaluate its performance. Our software was able to discover previously unknown circular permutations (CP) in the ProDom database containing more than 70MB of protein data. A specific feature of our software is its design as a component: the Alignment HOC, a Higher-Order Component that makes use of the latest Globus toolkit as grid middleware. Besides genome data, the Alignment HOC accepts plugin code for processing this data as its input, and contains all the required configuration to run the component on top of Globus, thus, freeing the non-grid-expert user from dealing with grid middleware. Instead of writing data distribution procedures and configuring the middleware appropriately for every new algorithm, Alignment HOC users reuse the existing component and only write application-specific plugins. To maintain plugins persistently in a reusable manner, we built a web-accessible plugin database with a comfortable administration GUI. The flexible component-based implementation makes it easy to study CPs in other databases (e.g. UniProt/Swiss-Prot) or to use an alignment algorithm different than the standard Needleman-Wunsch. For the efficient distribution of workload, we developed a library of group communication operations for HOCs. KW - higher-order components KW - genome processing KW - sequence alignment KW - middleware Y1 - 2007 SN - 978-0-387-78447-2 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-78448-9_28 SP - 351 EP - 362 PB - Springer CY - Boston, MA ER -