TY - JOUR A1 - Uhrhan, Katja A1 - Schwindt, Esther A1 - Witte, Hartmut T1 - Fabrication and Dielectric Validation of an Arm Phantom for Electromyostimulation JF - Bioengineering N2 - Electromyostimulation (EMS) is an up-and-coming training method that demands further fundamental research regarding its safety and efficacy. To investigate the influence of different stimulation parameters, electrode positions and electrode sizes on the resulting voltage in the tissue, a tissue mimicking phantom is needed. Therefore, this study describes the fabrication of a hydrogel arm phantom for EMS applications with the tissue layers of skin, fat, blood and muscle. The phantom was dielectrically validated in the frequency range of 20 Hz to 100 Hz. We also conducted electromyography (EMG) recordings during EMS on the phantom and compared them with the same measurements on a human arm. The phantom reproduces the dielectric properties of the tissues with deviations ranging from 0.8% to more than 100%. Although we found it difficult to find a compromise between mimicking the permittivity and electrical conductivity at the same time, the EMS-EMG measurements showed similar waveforms (1.9-9.5% deviation) in the phantom and human. Our research contributes to the field of dielectric tissue phantoms, as it proposes a multilayer arm phantom for EMS applications. Consequently, the phantom can be used for initial EMS investigations, but future research should focus on further improving the dielectric properties. KW - tissue phantom KW - electromyostimulation KW - electrical muscle stimulation KW - dielectric validation KW - electromyography Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering11070724 SN - 2306-5354 VL - 11 IS - 7 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zimmermann, Klaus A1 - Chavez Vega, Jhohan Harvey A1 - Becker, Tatiana I. A1 - Witte, Hartmut A1 - Schilling, Cornelius A1 - Köhring, Sebastian A1 - Böhm, Valter A1 - Monkman, Gareth J. A1 - Prem, Nina A1 - Sindersberger, Dirk A1 - Lutz, I. I. A1 - Merker, Lukas T1 - An approach to a form-adaptive compliant gripper element based on magneto-sensitive elastomers with a bioinspired sensorized surface JF - Problems of Mechanics Y1 - 2019 SN - 1512-0740 VL - 75 IS - 2 SP - 23 EP - 38 PB - Georgian Technical University CY - Tbilisi ER -