TY - JOUR A1 - Herrmann, Frank A1 - Kerschbaum, Andreas T1 - Auswahl und Anwendung einer geeigneten Software zur standardisierten und automatisierten Berichterstellung im Service am Beispiel der Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH JF - Anwendungen und Konzepte der Wirtschaftsinformatik N2 - Die Berichterstattung ist ein wichtiger Bestandteil der Aufgaben der MR. Aktuell fehlen zur Erledigung dieser Aufgabe festgelegte Standards, sowie ein Programm, das sich umfangreich für diese Aufgabenstellung eignet. Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Arbeit wird die Prozessstrecke des Prozesses zur Erstellung eines Ölberichts aufgenommen und auf Schwachstellen untersucht. Anschließend erfolgt die Verbesserung der Schwachstellen durch die Einführung einer neuen Software. Dise wird in einem phasenbasierten Prozess,in Anlehnung an das Phasenmodell zur Softwareauswahl nach Gronau, unter Einbezug festgelegter Kriterien sorgfältig ausgewählt. Das Ergebnis dieser Arbeit ist die Verbesserung des betrachteten Prozesses, sowie die Einführung der Software DevExpress und die Erstellung eines ersten Entwurfsberichts welcher als Vorlage für die zukünftigen Berichte dient. KW - Standardisierung KW - Berichtswesen KW - Softwareauswahl Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.26034/lu.akwi.2024.5946 SN - 2296-4592 IS - 19 SP - 39 EP - 50 PB - AKWI ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Dilefeld, Maximilian A1 - Claus, Thorsten A1 - Teich, Enrico T1 - Robot Task Assignment In Dynamic Factory Environments T2 - Proceedings of the 38th ECMS International Conference on Modeling and Simulation (ECMS 2024): June 4th - June 7th, 2024, Cracow, Poland N2 - Automated Guided Vehicles (AGVs) and Autonomous Mobile Robots (AMRs) are being applied more and more frequently in a wide range of use cases. Following the general trend of decentralisation of control structure in the Industry 4.0 paradigm, this paper analyses the application of auction algorithms to solve the robot task assignment problem. We focus on the use of mobile robots in production environments with a high level of uncertainty which places hight demand on the flexibility of the online scheduling architecture. A sequential single-item (SSI) auction algorithm is validated for a real-world use case where multiple mobile robots supply car bodies to manual rework stations in a paint shop application using simulation. The optimization objective of such an algorithm is discussed in regards to the examined use case. KW - Mobile Robots KW - Auction KW - Simulation Y1 - 2024 SN - 978-3-937436-84-5 U6 - https://doi.org/10.7148/2024-0338 SN - 2522-2422 SP - 338 EP - 344 PB - ECMS ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Herrmann, Frank A1 - Janker, Sebastian A1 - Laubmeier, Franz T1 - Integration eines Support-Ticketsystems in die Prozesse des Geschäftsbereichs Informatik + Systeme JF - Anwendungen und Konzepte der Wirtschaftsinformatik N2 - Eine effiziente Bearbeitung von Kundenanliegen und organisierte Hilfe zu einem digitalen Produkt sind für ein modernes Unternehmen wie die F.EE GmbH unabdingbar. Ein zentraler Bestandteil für ein Support-Team beim Bereitstellen dieser Dienstleistungen ist ein SupportTicketsystem mit Optionen zur Automatisierung von Arbeitsabläufen. Der Geschäftsbereich Informatik + Systeme des Unternehmens F.EE GmbH verwendet zurzeit ein Ticketsystem, das aufgrund eines endenden Supportzeitraums ersetzt werden muss. Ohne Supportunterstützung dürften unter anderem Sicherheitslücken auftreten. Von den vielen am Markt verfügbaren Systemen wurde das Open-Source-Ticketsystem ausgewählt. Zur effektiven Nutzung musste es signifikant erweitert werden. KW - Ticketsystem KW - Systemintegration Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.26034/lu.akwi.2024.6211 SN - 2296-4592 IS - 20 SP - 67 EP - 75 PB - AKWI ER - TY - INPR A1 - Stragapede, Giuseppe A1 - Vera-Rodriguez, Ruben A1 - Tolosana, Ruben A1 - Morales, Aythami A1 - DeAndres-Tame, Ivan A1 - Damer, Naser A1 - Fierrez, Julian A1 - Ortega-Garcia, Javier A1 - Acien, Alejandro A1 - González, Nahuel A1 - Shadrikov, Andrei A1 - Gordin, Dmitrii A1 - Schmitt, Leon A1 - Wimmer, Daniel A1 - Großmann, Christoph A1 - Krieger, Joerdis A1 - Heinz, Florian A1 - Krestel, Ron A1 - Mayer, Christoffer A1 - Haberl, Simon A1 - Gschrey, Helena A1 - Yamagishi, Yosuke A1 - Saha, Sanjay A1 - Rasnayaka, Sanka A1 - Wickramanayake, Sandareka A1 - Sim, Terence A1 - Gutfeter, Weronika A1 - Baran, Adam A1 - Krzyszton, Mateusz A1 - Jaskóła, Przemysław T1 - Kvc-Ongoing: Keystroke Verification Challenge N2 - This article presents the Keystroke Verification Challenge - onGoing (KVC-onGoing), on which researchers can easily benchmark their systems in a common platform using large-scale public databases, the Aalto University Keystroke databases, and a standard experimental protocol. The keystroke data consist of tweet-long sequences of variable transcript text from over 185,000 subjects, acquired through desktop and mobile keyboards simulating real-life conditions. The results on the evaluation set of KVC-onGoing have proved the high discriminative power of keystroke dynamics, reaching values as low as 3.33% of Equal Error Rate (EER) and 11.96% of False Non-Match Rate (FNMR) @1% False Match Rate (FMR) in the desktop scenario, and 3.61% of EER and 17.44% of FNMR @1% at FMR in the mobile scenario, significantly improving previous state-of-the-art results. Concerning demographic fairness, the analyzed scores reflect the subjects’ age and gender to various extents, not negligible in a few cases. The framework runs on CodaLab. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4743934 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Herrmann, Frank T1 - Produktionsplanung BT - Übungsbuch Band 1 N2 - Eine operative Produktionsplanung und -steuerung ist zentral für eine effektive und effiziente Produktion in Unternehmen und daher eine wesentliche Komponente von Enterprise Ressource Planning Systemen zur Regelung von Unternehmensprozessen. Die implementierten Verfahren sind integraler Bestandteil von Veranstaltungen zur Produktion und Logistik, zu Produktionsplanungs- und -steuerungsystemen, zum Supply Chain Management usw. in Bachelor- und Masterstudiengängen an Hochschulen und Universitäten. Die Aufgaben in diesem Übungsbuch ergänzen die in diesen Veranstaltungen und auch in den entsprechenden Standardlehrbüchern erläuterten Verfahren durch sehr detaillierte Lösungen – über die angegebene Literatur dürften diese sich im Selbststudium erarbeiten lassen. Die Wiederholungsfragen vertiefen das Verständnis über den Einsatz dieser Verfahren, insbesondere in der industriellen Praxis. Aufgrund ihres Umfangs und ihres Schwierigkeitsgrads sind die Aufgaben und Fragenals Klausuraufgaben geeignet. Folglich wendet sich das Buch an Studierende (und mit Einschränkungen an Doktoranden) mit ausgeprägtem Interesse an der Lösung von Produktionsplanungsproblemen. Ferner wendet es sich an Wissenschaftler und Experten in Unternehmen, die einen Eindruck von lösbaren Produktionsplanungsproblemen gewinnen wollen. KW - Prognose KW - Lineare Optimierung KW - ILOG KW - Losbildung KW - Produktionssteuerung Y1 - 2023 SN - 978-3-658-40218-1 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-40218-1 PB - Springer Gabler CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Heinz, Florian A1 - Kluge, Martin ED - Aiello, Marco ED - Barzen, Johanna ED - Dustdar, Schahram ED - Leymann, Frank T1 - Design and Implementation of a High Performance Domain Name Service on Commodity Hardware T2 - Service-Oriented Computing : 18th Symposium and Summer School, SummerSOC 2024, Crete, Greece, June 24-29, 2024, Revised Selected Papers N2 - The internet Domain Name System (DNS) is one of the essential components of the World Wide Web and the whole internet. The core concept is a large distributed and hierarchical database that translates internet domain names into host addresses and other supplemental information. Name servers can serve millions of domains and usually have to answer thousands of requests per second. Because of their vital function for any internet service, domain name servers are regularly target of Denial-of-Service attacks, where millions of queries per second are used to overload the database system. This work describes an approach on how to achieve answer rates in this dimension with a single server built from low-cost commodity hardware. Y1 - 2024 SN - 978-3-031-72577-7 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-72578-4_9 SP - 162 EP - 171 PB - Springer Nature CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Dai, Chenghao A1 - Schön, Maximilian A1 - Claus, Thorsten A1 - Herrmann, Frank T1 - Multi-Site Aggregate Production Planning With Resilience Consideration T2 - Proceedings of the 38th ECMS International Conference on Modeling and Simulation (ECMS 2024): June 4th - June 7th, 2024, Cracow, Poland N2 - The recent years have shown a high frequency of disruptions like natural disasters or manmade disruptions, leading, for example, to transport routes or production facilities being unavailable for extended periods. Many manufacturing companies, which nowadays operate in a global production network, are heavily exposed to these disruptions. This results in both significant costs and substantial exceeding of promised deadlines. If it concerns the first company in a supply chain, it causes correspondingly significant delays in promised deadlines for subsequent companies in the supply chain, including a correspondingly significant increase in costs. Both are exemplified in this paper through a case study. This case study demonstrates that through resilience, both implications can be significantly reduced. KW - Production Planning and Control KW - Aggregate Production Planning KW - Linear Programming KW - Multi-Site Production Planning and Control KW - Supply Chain Resilience Y1 - 2024 SN - 978-3-937436-84-5 U6 - https://doi.org/10.7148/2024-0345 SN - 2522-2422 SP - 345 EP - 351 PB - ECMS ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kratzer, Simon A1 - Westner, Markus A1 - Strahringer, Susanne T1 - Factors for Fractional CIO Engagement Success JF - Information & Management N2 - As small- to medium-sized enterprises struggle with IT management, an increasing number appoint Fractional CIOs, i.e., CIOs that work part-time for multiple organizations simultaneously. We use Q-methodology to empirically evaluate the relative importance of factors for Fractional CIO engagement success and find that trust, top management team support, and the Fractional CIO's integrity are most important. Further, we identify three groups of Fractional CIOs: Strategic IT Advisors, Full-ownership CIOs, and Change Agents. Our results guide organizations when hiring and working with Fractional CIOs and provide the basis for further research on Fractional CIO archetypes.As small- to medium-sized enterprises struggle with IT management, an increasing number appoint Fractional CIOs, i.e., CIOs that work part-time for multiple organizations simultaneously. We use Q-methodology to empirically evaluate the relative importance of factors for Fractional CIO engagement success and find that trust, top management team support, and the Fractional CIO's integrity are most important. Further, we identify three groups of Fractional CIOs: Strategic IT Advisors, Full-ownership CIOs, and Change Agents. Our results guide organizations when hiring and working with Fractional CIOs and provide the basis for further research on Fractional CIO archetypes. KW - Fractional CIO KW - Virtual CIO KW - SMEs KW - Small Businesses KW - Engagement Success KW - Q-Methodology Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2023.103793 SN - 0378-7206 VL - 60 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Baumann, Timo T1 - Feedback in Adaptive Interactive Storytelling T2 - 13th annual conference of the International Speech Communication Association 2012 (INTERSPEECH 2012): Portland, Oregon, USA, 9 - 13 September 2012, Interdisciplinary Workshop on Feedback Behaviors in Dialog N2 - Telling stories is different from reading out text: a speakerreponds to the listener’s feedback and incorporates thisinto the ongoing talk. However, current computer sys-tems are unable to do this and instead just non-attentivelyread out a text, disregarding all feedback (or the absencethereof). I propose and discuss an idea for a small researchproject and a plan for how an attentive listening storytellercan be built. KW - Incrementality KW - Feedback KW - Storytelling KW - Adaptation KW - Prosody Y1 - 2012 UR - https://www.researchgate.net/publication/236879509_Feedback_in_Adaptive_Interactive_Storytelling SN - 978-1-62276-759-5 CY - Stevenson, USA ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Baumann, Timo T1 - Integrating Prosodic Modelling with Incremental Speech Recognition T2 - Proceedings of DiaHolmia, the 13th International Workshop on the Semantics and Pragmatics of Dialogue (SEMDIAL 2009), 24-26 JUNE, 2009, Sttockhom, Sweden N2 - We describe ongoing and proposed work concerning incremental prosody extraction and classification for a spoken dialogue system. The system described will be tightly integrated with the SDS's speech recogntion which also works incrementally. The proposed architecture should allow for more control over the user interaction experience, for example allowing more precise and timely end-of-utterance vs. hesitation distinction, and auditive or visual back-channel generation. Y1 - 2009 UR - https://www.isca-speech.org/archive_v0/diaholmia_2009/dho9_143.html SP - 143 EP - 144 PB - Royal Institute of Technology ER - TY - THES A1 - Baumann, Timo T1 - Automatische Erkennung von Akzentuierungen und Phrasierungen in Sprachsynthesekorpora Y1 - 2007 UR - https://nats-www.informatik.uni-hamburg.de/pub/User/TimoBaumann/Publications/da.pdf N1 - Univ. Hamburg, Diplomarbeit CY - Hamburg ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Safi, Hila A1 - Wintersperger, Karen A1 - Mauerer, Wolfgang T1 - Influence of HW-SW-Co-Design on Quantum Computing Scalability T2 - 2023 IEEE International Conference on Quantum Software (QSW), Chicago, IL, USA, 02-08 July 2023 N2 - The use of quantum processing units (QPUs) promises speed-ups for solving computational problems. Yet, current devices are limited by the number of qubits and suffer from significant imperfections, which prevents achieving quantum advantage. To step towards practical utility, one approach is to apply hardware-software co-design methods. This can involve tailoring problem formulations and algorithms to the quantum execution environment, but also entails the possibility of adapting physical properties of the QPU to specific applications. In this work, we follow the latter path, and investigate how key figures— circuit depth and gate count—required to solve four cornerstone NP-complete problems vary with tailored hardware properties. Our results reveal that achieving near-optimal performance and properties does not necessarily require optimal quantum hardware, but can be satisfied with much simpler structures that can potentially be realised for many hardware approaches.m Using statistical analysis techniques, we additionally identify an underlying general model that applies to all subject problems. This suggests that our results may be universally applicable to other algorithms and problem domains, and tailored QPUs can find utility outside their initially envisaged problem domains. The substantial possible improvements nonetheless highlight the importance of QPU tailoring to progress towards practical deployment and scalability of quantum software. KW - quantum computing KW - software engineering KW - hardware-software co-design KW - quantum algorithm performance analysis KW - scalability of quantum applications Y1 - 2023 SN - 979-8-3503-0479-4 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/QSW59989.2023.00022 SP - 104 EP - 115 PB - IEEE ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wintersperger, Karen A1 - Dommert, Florian A1 - Ehmer, Thomas A1 - Hoursanov, Andrey A1 - Klepsch, Johannes A1 - Mauerer, Wolfgang A1 - Reuber, Georg A1 - Strohm, Thomas A1 - Yin, Ming A1 - Luber, Sebastian T1 - Neutral Atom Quantum Computing Hardware: Performance and End-User Perspective JF - EPJ Quantum Technology N2 - We present an industrial end-user perspective on the current state of quantum computing hardware for one specific technological approach, the neutral atom platform. Our aim is to assist developers in understanding the impact of the specific properties of these devices on the effectiveness of algorithm execution. Based on discussions with different vendors and recent literature, we discuss the performance data of the neutral atom platform. Specifically, we focus on the physical qubit architecture, which affects state preparation, qubit-to-qubit connectivity, gate fidelities, native gate instruction set, and individual qubit stability. These factors determine both the quantum-part execution time and the end-to-end wall clock time relevant for end-users, but also the ability to perform fault-tolerant quantum computation in the future. We end with an overview of which applications have been shown to be well suited for the peculiar properties of neutral atom-based quantum computers. KW - Neutral atom quantum computers KW - Review KW - Quantum computing platforms KW - Performance metrics KW - Benchmarks Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1140/epjqt/s40507-023-00190-1 VL - 10 PB - Springer Nature ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Greiwe, Felix A1 - Krüger, Tom A1 - Mauerer, Wolfgang T1 - Effects of Imperfections on Quantum Algorithms BT - A Software Engineering Perspective T2 - 2023 IEEE International Conference on Quantum Software (QSW), Chicago, IL, USA, 02-08 July 2023 N2 - Quantum computers promise considerable speedups over classical approaches, which has raised interest from many disciplines. Since any currently available implementations suffer from noise and imperfections, achieving concrete speedups for meaningful problem sizes remains a major challenge. Yet, imperfections and noise may remain present in quantum computing for a long while. Such limitations play no role in classical software computing, and software engineers are typically not well accustomed to considering such imperfections, albeit they substantially influence core properties of software and systems. In this paper, we show how to model imperfections with an approach tailored to (quantum) software engineers. We intuitively illustrate, using numerical simulations, how imperfections influence core properties of quantum algorithms on NISQ systems, and show possible options for tailoring future NISQ machines to improve system performance in a co-design approach. Our results are obtained from a software framework that we provide in form of an easy-to-use reproduction package. It does not require computer scientists to acquire deep physical knowledge on noise, yet provide tangible and intuitively accessible means of interpreting the influence of noise on common software quality and performance indicators. KW - noisy quantum computing KW - NISQ systems KW - quantum software engineering KW - HW-SW co-design Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/QSW59989.2023.00014 SP - 31 EP - 42 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Yue, Tao A1 - Mauerer, Wolfgang A1 - Ali, Shaukat A1 - Taibi, Davide T1 - Challenges and Opportunities in Quantum Software Architecture T2 - Software Architecture: Research Roadmaps from the Community N2 - Quantum computing is a relatively new paradigm that has raised considerable interest in physics and computer science in general but has so far received little attention in software engineering and architecture. Hybrid applications that consist of both quantum and classical components require the development of appropriate quantum software architectures. However, given that quantum software engineering (QSE) in general is a new research area, quantum software architecture–a subresearch area in QSE is also understudied. The goal of this chapter is to provide a list of research challenges and opportunities for such architectures. In addition, to make the content understandable to a broader computer science audience, we provide a brief overview of quantum computing and explain the essential technical foundations. KW - Quantum Computing KW - Software Architecture KW - Quantum Applications KW - Quantum Software Engineering Y1 - 2023 SN - 978-3-031-36847-9 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-36847-9_1 SP - 1 EP - 23 ER - TY - INPR A1 - Göppel, Simon A1 - Frikel, Jürgen A1 - Haltmeier, Markus T1 - Translation invariant diagonal frame decomposition for the Radon transform N2 - In this article, we address the challenge of solving the ill-posed reconstruction problem in computed tomography using a translation invariant diagonal frame decomposition (TIDFD). First, we review the concept of a TI-DFD for general linear operators and the corresponding filter-based regularization concept. We then introduce the TI-DFD for the Radon transform on L 2 (R 2) and provide an exemplary construction using the TI wavelet transform. Presented numerical results clearly demonstrate the benefits of our approach over non-translation invariant counterparts. KW - DFD KW - translation invariance KW - Radon transform KW - inverse problems KW - regularization Y1 - 2023 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Trost, Marco A1 - Claus, Thorsten A1 - Herrmann, Frank T1 - Master Production Scheduling with Consideration of Utilization-Dependent Exhaustion and Capacity Load JF - Sustainability N2 - A large number of researchers have addressed social aspects in hierarchical production planning. This article responds to research gaps identified in our previous literature review. Accordingly, consideration of social aspects and the economic implications of social improvements are required in a longer term planning approach. For this, we integrate work intensity as employee utilization in a general mixed-integer programming model for master production scheduling. Following existing fatigue functions, we represent the relationship between work intensity and exhaustion through an employee-utilization-dependent exhaustion function. We account for the economic implications through exhaustion-dependent capacity load factors. We solve our model with a CPLEX standard solver and analyze a case study based on a realistic production system and numerical data. We demonstrate that the consideration of economic implications is necessary to evaluate social improvements. Otherwise, monetary disadvantages are overestimated, and social improvements are, thus, negatively affected. Moreover, from a certain level of work-intensity reduction, demand peaks are smoothed more by pre-production, which requires more core employees, while temporary employment is reduced. Further potential may arise from considering and quantifying other interdependencies, such as employee exhaustion and employee days off. In addition, the relationship between social working conditions and employee turnover can be integrated. KW - capacity load KW - employee utilization KW - exhaustion KW - linear optimization KW - master productionscheduling KW - ocial aspects Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/su15086816 VL - 15 PB - MDPI ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schildgen, Johannes A1 - Heinz, Florian T1 - Interactive SQL Queries and Program Code in Presentations T2 - Datenbanksysteme für Business, Technologie und Web (BTW2023), 06.-10. März 2023, Dresden N2 - Nowadays, most database lectures are performed with an accompanying visual presentation that further illustrates the conveyed facts. Conventional presentation software allows dynamic elements up to a certain level, for example revealing or changing parts of the slide step by step, or even an interaction with the viewers by means of polls or similar mechanisms. Recently, HTML-and browser-based frameworks for presentations have emerged, which allow an even higher degree of flexibility due to the manifold possibilities of HTML5 and JavaScript. This paper presents an approach of how to interactively modify parts of a slide during the presentation, like SQL-based queries or program code snippets, and show the results pretty-printed on the corresponding slide in real-time. This enables the lecturer to easily show more examples, and answer and illustrate side questions, which they did not prepare in advance. KW - Lecture Slides KW - SQL Y1 - 2023 SN - 978-3-88579-725-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.18420/BTW2023-39 SP - 687 EP - 693 PB - Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V. CY - Bonn ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Biersack, Florian A1 - Lauf, Wolfgang T1 - Topological properties of quasiconformal automorphism groups JF - The Journal of Analysis N2 - Let G⊊C be a bounded, simply connected domain in C, and denote by Q(G):={f:G⟶G | f is a quasiconformal mapping of G onto G } the quasiconformal automorphism group of G. In a canonical manner, the set Q(G) carries the structure of a (non–abelian) group with respect to composition of mappings. Moreover, we endow the set Q(G) with the topology of uniform convergence by the supremum metric dsup(f,g):=supz∈G|f(z)−g(z)|,f,g∈Q(G). In this paper, we present results concerning topological properties of Q(G) such as completeness, separability, path–connectedness, discreteness and compactness. KW - Quasiconformal mapping KW - Automorphism group KW - Topology of uniform convergence KW - Metric space Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s41478-023-00571-w SN - 0971-3611 PB - Springer Nature ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kratzer, Simon A1 - Westner, Markus A1 - Strahringer, Susanne T1 - Four Decades of Chief Information Officer Research BT - A Literature Review and Research Agenda Based on Main Path Analysis JF - ACM SIGMIS Database: the DATABASE for Advances in Information Systems N2 - Despite the relevance and maturity of the Chief Information Officer (CIO) research field, no studies exist that exhaustively summarize the current body of knowledge, focusing on the development of the field over its entire timespan. The paper at hand addresses this research gap and presents an exhaustive literature review on the CIO research field using main path analysis. We identify the central papers in CIO research and eight main research streams by quantitatively and qualitatively analyzing 466 papers. We find that established research streams, e.g., 'Evolving role of the CIO' and 'CIO hierarchical position and relationships' as well as recently emerging research streams, e.g., 'CIO as business enabler' and 'CIOs and IT security,' draw growing attention. Based on our findings, we develop promising further avenues for research in the CIO field. KW - Applied computing KW - Enterprise computing KW - IT governance KW - Informationsmanager KW - Literaturbericht KW - Chief Information Officer KW - Literature review KW - Research agenda KW - Main Path Analysis KW - Bibliometric Analysis Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1145/3614178.3614182 N1 - Preprint unter: https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-oth-regensburg/frontdoor/index/index/docId/5420 VL - 54 IS - 3 SP - 37 EP - 74 PB - ACM ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schönberger, Manuel A1 - Trummer, Immanuel A1 - Mauerer, Wolfgang T1 - Quantum Optimisation of General Join Trees T2 - Joint Workshops at 49th International Conference on Very Large Data Bases (VLDBW’23) — International Workshop on Quantum Data Science and Management (QDSM’23), August 28 - September 1, 2023, Vancouver, Canada (CEUR Workshop Proceedings) N2 - Recent advances in the manufacture of quantum computers attract much attention over a wide range of fields, as early-stage quantum processing units (QPU) have become accessible. While contemporary quantum machines are very limited in size and capabilities, mature QPUs are speculated to eventually excel at optimisation problems. This makes them an attractive technology for database problems, many of which are based on complex optimisation problems with large solution spaces. Yet, the use of quantum approaches on database problems remains largely unexplored. In this paper, we address the long-standing join ordering problem, one of the most extensively researched database problems. Rather than running arbitrary code, QPUs require specific mathematical problem encodings. An encoding for the join ordering problem was recently proposed, allowing first small-scale queries to be optimised on quantum hardware. However, it is based on a faithful transformation of a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) formulation for JO, and inherits all limitations of the MILP method. Most strikingly, the existing encoding only considers a solution space with left-deep join trees, which tend to yield larger costs than general, bushy join trees. We propose a novel QUBO encoding for the join ordering problem. Rather than transforming existing formulations, we construct a native encoding tailored to quantum systems, which allows us to process general bushy join trees. This makes the full potential of QPUs available for solving join order optimisation problems. Y1 - 2023 UR - https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-3462/QDSM2.pdf SP - 1 EP - 12 PB - RWTH Aachen, Sun SITE Central Europe CY - Aachen ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schroll, Jonas A1 - Westner, Markus T1 - Relation between Edge Computing and the Internet of Things BT - Systematic Literature Review T2 - 2023 Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), 23-27 July 2023, Monterrey, Mexico N2 - The Internet of Things (IoT) is an emerging computing paradigm providing new approaches to collect and analyze environmental data. However, as specific challenges arose, the paradigm of Edge Computing with its potential solution capabilities came into place. The combination of both paradigms is currently highly discussed in industry and research. This paper aims to contribute to this field by conducting a systematic literature review to examine the differences and relation between IoT and Edge Computing on a meta-level. It first investigates conceptual backgrounds, use cases, and implementation types. After that, the differences between the paradigms are highlighted. It becomes clear that the significant distinction is in the architectural composition. However, the scientific consensus reveals that both paradigms have a common historical background, and Edge Computing is perceived as the next step in the evolution of IoT. Furthermore, Edge Computing-based systems can address common IoT challenges identified in the two paradigms’ problem-solution space. Ultimately, there is a need for further research in security, edge intelligence, and standardization, with Edge Computing frameworks able to address these in practice. KW - Internet of Things KW - Edge Computing KW - IoT Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.23919/PICMET59654.2023.10216820 SP - 1 EP - 9 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hillebrand, Patrick A1 - Westner, Markus T1 - Lean IT BT - A Review and Comparative Analysis of Practitioner and Academic Literature T2 - 2023 Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), 23-27 July 2023, Monterrey, Mexico N2 - Companies have applied Lean Management and its methods in their production functions for several decades. They also increasingly use Lean Management to improve service delivery, for example, in their IT organizations, which is referred to as “Lean IT”. Lean IT finds widespread recognition in business practice, but corresponding academic research is still scarce. The paper at hand intends to shed light on the current perspectives of Lean IT from an academic point and a practitioner point of view. The paper applies an innovative quantitative approach of literature analysis using semantic entity annotator and a keyword analysis to systematically identify and compare topics academics and practitioners deem relevant in context of Lean IT. We analyze practitioner media and scholarly articles published from January 2014 to June 2019. The analysis shows that research does not seem to adequately address the topics that are highly relevant for practitioners when it comes to Lean IT, e.g., issues pertinent to Automation, DevOps, role of the CIO, IT Service Management or Scrum in context of Lean IT are under-researched. Our analysis further shows that interest in Lean IT as a field is rising in both groups. Our study can help to guide further research activities. KW - Time-frequency analysis KW - Systematics KW - Databases KW - Semantics KW - Encyclopedias KW - Media Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.23919/PICMET59654.2023.10216855 SP - 1 EP - 11 PB - IEEE ER - TY - INPR A1 - Göppel, Simon A1 - Frikel, Jürgen A1 - Haltmeier, Markus T1 - Data-proximal null-space networks for inverse problems N2 - Inverse problems are inherently ill-posed and therefore require regularization techniques to achieve a stable solution. While traditional variational methods have wellestablished theoretical foundations, recent advances in machine learning based approaches have shown remarkable practical performance. However, the theoretical foundations of learning-based methods in the context of regularization are still underexplored. In this paper, we propose a general framework that addresses the current gap between learning-based methods and regularization strategies. In particular, our approach emphasizes the crucial role of data consistency in the solution of inverse problems and introduces the concept of data-proximal null-space networks as a key component for their solution. We provide a complete convergence analysis by extending the concept of regularizing null-space networks with data proximity in the visual part. We present numerical results for limited-view computed tomography to illustrate the validity of our framework. KW - Regularization KW - null-space network KW - data-proximal network KW - convergence analysis KW - data consistency Y1 - 2023 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Uotila, Valter A1 - Groppe, Sven A1 - Gruenwald, Le A1 - Lu, Jiaheng A1 - Mauerer, Wolfgang T1 - Preface QDSM T2 - Joint Workshops at 49th International Conference on Very Large Data Bases (VLDBW’23) — International Workshop on Quantum Data Science and Management (QDSM’23), August 28 - September 1, 2023, Vancouver, Canada (CEUR Workshop Proceedings) N2 - The first international workshop on Quantum Data Science and anagement (QDSM), co-located with VLDB 2023, is centered around addressing the possibilities of quantum computing for data science and data management. Quantum computing is a relatively new and emerging field that is believed to have huge computational potential in the future. In the QDSM workshop, we want to provide a venue for discussing and publishing novel results of applying quantum computing to hard data science and data management problems. These problems include join order optimization, designing efficient quantum feature maps, studying possibilities of solving linear programs with quantum algorithms, and divergent index tuning with quantum machine learning. Besides, we include a short and visionary survey on quantum computing for databases. Theworkshop provides a platform for active discussion on these and related topics. Y1 - 2023 UR - https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-3462/QDSM1.pdf PB - RWTH Aachen, Sun SITE Central Europe CY - Aachen ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Thelen, Simon A1 - Eder, Friedrich A1 - Melzer, Matthias A1 - Nunes, Danilo Weber A1 - Stadler, Michael A1 - Rechenauer, Christian A1 - Obergrießer, Mathias A1 - Jubeh, Ruben A1 - Volbert, Klaus A1 - Dünnweber, Jan T1 - A Slim Digital Twin For A Smart City And Its Residents T2 - SOICT '23: Proceedings of the 12th International Symposium on Information and Communication Technology, 2023, Hi Chi Minh, Vietnam N2 - In the engineering domain, representing real-world objects using a body of data, called a digital twin, which is frequently updated by “live” measurements, has shown various advantages over tradi- tional modelling and simulation techniques. Consequently, urban planners have a strong interest in digital twin technology, since it provides them with a laboratory for experimenting with data before making far-reaching decisions. Realizing these decisions involves the work of professionals in the architecture, engineering and construction (AEC) domain who nowadays collaborate via the methodology of building information modeling (BIM). At the same time, the citizen plays an integral role both in the data acquisition phase, while also being a beneficiary of the improved resource management strategies. In this paper, we present a prototype for a “digital energy twin” platform we designed in cooperation with the city of Regensburg. We show how our extensible platform de- sign can satisfy the various requirements of multiple user groups through a series of data processing solutions and visualizations, in- dicating valuable design and implementation guidelines for future projects. In particular, we focus on two example use cases concern- ing building electricity monitoring and BIM. By implementing a flexible data processing architecture we can involve citizens in the data acquisition process, meeting the demands of modern users regarding maximum transparency in the handling of their data. KW - smart city KW - AI KW - digital twin KW - artificial intelligence KW - urban planning KW - BIM KW - portal system Y1 - 2023 SN - 979-8-4007-0891-6 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1145/3628797.3628936 SP - 8 EP - 15 PB - ACM ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Scheid, Sandro A1 - Vogl, Stefanie T1 - Data Science: Grundlagen, Methode und Modelle der Statistik KW - Big Data KW - Data Mining KW - Data Science Y1 - 2021 SN - 978-3-446-46663-0 SN - 978-3-446-47001-9 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3139/9783446470019 PB - Hanser ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kratzer, Simon A1 - Westner, Markus A1 - Strahringer, Susanne T1 - Traction with fraction: Strategic IS management in SMEs through Fractional CIOs JF - International Journal of Information Systems and Project Management N2 - Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) increasingly need to manage nformation technology (IT) effectively in order to remain competitive. However, compared to larger organizations, SMEs often face challenges in terms of resources and employer attractiveness, and regularly do not have the need to employ a Chief Information Officer (CIO) on a full-time basis. To address this issue, a growing number of global experts have begun to provide CIO services on a part-time basis for multiple clients simultaneously. This approach allows SMEs to tap into the expertise of experienced IT leaders at a fraction of the cost and without committing to long-term arrangements. While these professionals, known as “Fractional CIOs”, have proven their value in the field, there has been a lack of academic research on this emerging trend. Therefore, we carried out a comprehensive research project between 2020 and 2023, involving 62 Fractional CIOs from 10 countries. The research produced a definition, different types of engagements, and success factors for Fractional CIOs and their engagements. This paper summarizes these findings for a wider audience of academics and practitioners. KW - Fractional CIO KW - Chief Information Officer KW - SMEs KW - small businesses Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.12821/ijispm120101 SN - 2182-7788 VL - 12 IS - 1 SP - 5 EP - 16 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Dahmen, Victoria A1 - Weikl, Simone A1 - Bogenberger, Klaus T1 - Interpretable Machine Learning for Mode Choice Modeling on Tracking-Based Revealed Preference Data JF - Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board N2 - Mode choice modeling is imperative for predicting and understanding travel behavior. For this purpose, machine learning (ML) models have increasingly been applied to stated preference and traditional self-recorded revealed preference data with promising results, particularly for extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) and random forest (RF) models. Because of the rise in the use of tracking-based smartphone applications for recording travel behavior, we address the important and unprecedented task of testing these ML models for mode choice modeling on such data. Furthermore, as ML approaches are still criticized for leading to results that are hard to understand, we consider it essential to provide an in-depth interpretability analysis of the best-performing model. Our results show that the XGBoost and RF models far outperform a conventional multinomial logit model, both overall and for each mode. The interpretability analysis using the Shapley additive explanations approach reveals that the XGBoost model can be explained well at the overall and mode level. In addition, we demonstrate how to analyze individual predictions. Lastly, a sensitivity analysis gives insight into the relative importance of different data sources, sample size, and user involvement. We conclude that the XGBoost model performs best, while also being explainable. Insights generated by such models can be used, for instance, to predict mode choice decisions for arbitrary origin–destination pairs to see which impacts infrastructural changes would have on the mode share. KW - travel behavior KW - sensitivity analysis KW - smartphone tracking KW - mode choice KW - revealed preference KW - interpretable machine learning Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/03611981241246973 SN - 0361-1981 VL - 2678 IS - 11 SP - 2075 EP - 2091 PB - SAGE Publications ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Brosig, Christoph A1 - Gräubig, Dix M. A1 - Strahringer, Susanne A1 - Westner, Markus T1 - Prerequisites and Causal Recipes for Manufacturers’ IT-Enabled Service Innovation Success JF - Communications of the Association for Information Systems N2 - For manufacturing firms, success in innovating IT-enabled services is a critical antecedent to benefit from digital servitization of their business models. Digital servitization literature has explored mechanisms for success in innovating IT-enabled services, indicating that the phenomenon is multifaceted and needs to be explained from multiple theoretical perspectives. We derive a conceptual model for success in innovating IT-enabled services covering its multifaceted nature by referring to knowledge-based and organizational control theory. We test this model using qualitative cases of IT-enabled service innovation initiatives in manufacturing firms and use set-theoretic analyses to account for the multifaceted nature of the phenomenon. The necessary condition analysis yields that a certain degree of service innovation capabilities is a prerequisite for success. With the results of a qualitative comparative analysis, we obtain five solution terms as causal recipes for success in innovating IT-enabled services. Our results contribute to research by offering a theory-based approach that explains the multiplicity of success in IT-enabled service innovation. Practitioners benefit from our results by understanding prerequisites and causal recipes for success while learning from unsuccessful initiatives in innovating IT-enabled services of manufacturing firms. Our study is also an example of how to rigorously calibrate qualitative data using a structured approach. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.17705/1CAIS.05509 SN - 1529-3181 VL - 55 SP - 205 EP - 256 PB - Association for Information Systems, AIS ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Legler, Katharina A1 - Jajja, Muhammad Sheheryar A1 - Volbert, Klaus T1 - Analysis and Design of Smart Components in Digital Energy Twins T2 - Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Internet of Things, Big Data and Security., Porto, Portugal April 6-8, 2025 N2 - The energy crisis, energy demand growth, and dependence on fossil fuels worldwide have made urgent action necessary for us to seek sustainability in energy production and use. Digital technologies, especially Digital Energy Twins, have immense potential to reduce energy consumption, thereby reducing environmental impacts, particularly in the building sector. This paper presents the development of a digital energy twin that supports sustainable energy consumption analysis and optimization. Our study begins with a comprehensive analysis of the energy consumption data, the weather data, and the building plans as a solid basis for the analysis. We identify key energy consumption trends and patterns across different timescales and device-specific details that could be optimized, such as base load consumption and device-specific inefficiencies. A key part of our work is forecasting energy consumption using time series models, such as the ARIMA model, which promises to be useful in identify ing patterns for improving energy efficiency. Overall, our study provides valuable insights into energy optimization and could form the base for further advances in digital energy twins at OTH Regensburg, helping to contribute to its sustainable development goals and smart campus initiatives. KW - Data Visualization KW - Digital Twins KW - Internet of Things KW - Machine Learning Models Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-989-758-750-4 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5220/0013289900003944 SP - 263 EP - 272 PB - SciTePress - Science and Technology Publications CY - Setúbal, Portugal ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schildgen, Johannes A1 - Heinz, Florian T1 - A Showcase of LLMs in Action: SQL Generation from Natural Language (Demo Paper) T2 - Datenbanksysteme für Business, Technologie und Web - Workshopband (BTW 2025) N2 - Today, large language models are a very efficient tool for human-computer interaction using natural language. Chatbots like ChatGPT and their corresponding APIs can be used to solve a large variety of tasks that are provided in human-comprehensible sentences, for example generating SQL queries. Executing spoken SQL queries in a database system poses a challenge, because the various syntactical details of SQL are usually not provided verbally. Here, the LLM can help to augment the recognized raw query with the syntax elements needed for successful execution. Furthermore, the correct spelling of table and column names can be derived from the database schema provided in the LLM prompt. This work showcases four use cases in which LLMs assist in querying database systems: (1) A plugin for phpMyAdmin for voice-query input in natural language, (2) a chart generator, (3) an Alexa skill, and (4) a speech-controlled action game SQL Invaders. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.18420/BTW2025-47 N1 - Datenbanksysteme für Business, Technologie und Web - Workshopband (BTW 2025) SP - 819 EP - 825 PB - Gesellschaft für Informatik CY - Bonn ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Heinz, Florian A1 - Schildgen, Johannes T1 - SQLinked - A Hybrid Approach for Local and Database-Remote Program Execution T2 - Datenbanksysteme für Business, Technologie und Web - Workshopband (BTW 2025) N2 - When working with today's relational databases, there is usually a clear boundary between the database server and the application, that interfaces with the database system using the query language SQL. The concept of stored procedures allows to move complex parts of the business logic into the database server for various reasons, as, for instance, to reduce the latency of ELT processes that involve several database queries building on each other like distributing records into tables according to their attribute values. Creating and maintaining such stored procedures can be a challenging task, however. The idea pursued in this paper is to create a programming language, as well as a compilation and execution environment that allows the user to mark parts of the application code for being automatically compiled to and later be executed as a stored procedure in the database instead of the execution environment of the actual application. This blurs the border between database and application and provides a natural and maintenance-friendly way for offloading latency sensitive parts of the code to the database system. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.18420/BTW2025-128 SP - 257 EP - 263 PB - Gesellschaft für Informatik CY - Bonn ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Penzkofer, Vinzent A1 - Baumann, Timo T1 - Evaluating and Fine-Tuning Retrieval-Augmented Language Models to Generate Text With Accurate Citations T2 - Proceedings of the 20th Conference on Natural Language Processing (KONVENS 2024), September 10-13, 2024, Vienna, Austria N2 - Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) is becoming an essential tool for easily accessing large amounts of textual information. However, it is often challenging to determine whether the information in a given response originates from the retrieved context, the training, or is a result of hallucination. Our contribution in this area is twofold. Firstly, we demonstrate how existing datasets for information retrieval evaluation can be used to assess the ability of Large Language Models (LLMs) to correctly identify relevantsources. Our findings indicate that there are notable discrepancies in the performance of different current LLMs in this task. Secondly, we utilise the datasets and metrics for citation evaluation to enhance the citation quality of small open-weight LLMs through fine-tuning. We achieve significant performance gains in this task, matching the results of much larger models. Y1 - 2024 UR - https://aclanthology.org/2024.konvens-main.6.pdf SP - 57 EP - 64 PB - Association for Computational Linguistics ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Baumann, Timo A1 - Eller, Korbinian A1 - Gagarina, Natalia ED - Lal, Yash Kumar ED - Clark, Elizabeth ED - Iyyer, Mohit ED - Chaturvedi, Snigdha ED - Brei, Anneliese ED - Brahman, Faeze ED - Chandu, Khyathi Raghavi T1 - BERT-based Annotation of Oral Texts Elicited via Multilingual Assessment Instrument for Narratives T2 - Proceedings of the the 6th Workshop on Narrative Understanding (WNU), November 12th to November 16th 2024, Miami, Florida, USA N2 - We investigate how NLP can help annotate the structure and complexity of oral narrative texts elicited via the Multilingual Assessment Instrument for Narratives (MAIN). MAIN is a theory-based tool designed to evaluate the narrative abilities of children who are learning one or more languages from birth or early in their development. It provides a standardized way to measure how well children can comprehend and produce stories across different languages and referential norms for children between 3 and 12 years old. MAIN has been adapted to over ninety languages and is used in over 65 countries. The MAIN analysis focuses on story structure and story complexity which are typically evaluated manually based on scoring sheets. We here investigate the automation of this process using BERT-based classification which already yields promising results. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2024.wnu-1.16 SP - 99 EP - 104 PB - Association for Computational Linguistics CY - Stroudsburg, PA, USA ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Graf, Julian A1 - Neubauer, Katrin A1 - Fischer, Sebastian A1 - Hackenberg, Rudolf T1 - Architecture of an intelligent Intrusion Detection System for Smart Home T2 - 2020 IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications Workshops (PerCom Workshops): 2020, Austin, Texas, USA N2 - Increasing cyber-attacks on Internet of Things (IoT) environments are a growing problem of digitized households worldwide. The purpose of this study is to investigate how an intelligent Intrusion Detection System (iIDS) can provide more security in IoT networks with a novel architecture, combining multiple classical and machine learning approaches. By combining classical security analysis methods and modern concepts of artificial intelligence, we increase the quality of attack detection and can therefore conduct dedicated attack suppression. The architectural image of the iIDS consists of different layers, which in parts achieve self-sufficient results. The results of the different modules are calculated by means of statement variables and evaluation techniques adapted for the individual module elements and subsequently combined by limit value considerations. The architecture image combines approaches for the analysis and processing of IoT network traffic and evaluates it to an aggregated score. From this result it can be determined whether the analyzed data indicates device misuse or attempted break-ins into the network. This study answers the questions whether a connection between classical and modern concepts for monitoring and analyzing IoT network traffic can be implemented meaningfully within a reliable architecture of an iIDS. KW - Internet of Things KW - artificial intelligence KW - smart Home KW - Intrusion KW - Detection System Y1 - 2020 SN - 978-1-7281-4716-1 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/PerComWorkshops48775.2020.9156168 SP - 1 EP - 6 PB - IEEE ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hinterberger, Lukas A1 - Fischer, Sebastian A1 - Weber, Bernhard A1 - Neubauer, Katrin A1 - Hackenberg, Rudolf T1 - Extended Definition of the Proposed Open Standard for IoT Device IdentificAtion and RecoGnition (IoTAG) JF - International Journal on Advances in Internet Technology N2 - Internet of Things (IoT) devices are critical to operate and maintain, because of their number and high connectivity. A lot of security issues concern IoT devices and the networks they are integrated. To help getting an overview of an IoT network, the devices and the security, we propose a scoring system to get a good impression of IT security. This system generates single scores for each device, using features like encryption, update behavior, etc. Furthermore, a summarized score for the whole network is calculated, to show the status of the network security in an easy way for the administrator. To enable the scoring system, a precise list of the existing devices and their operating status is necessary. To achieve this, we present an open standard for the IoT Device IdentificAtion and RecoGnition (short IoTAG), which requires that devices report, e.g., their name, an unique ID, the firmware version and the supported encryption. The proposed standard is described in detail and an implementation guideline is given in this paper. Additionally, information about how to realize the serialization, the integrity and the communication with IoTAG. KW - Internet of Things KW - device identification KW - open standard KW - security rating KW - IoTAG Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.thinkmind.org/articles/inttech_v13_n34_2020_2.pdf VL - 13 IS - 3 & 4 SP - 110 EP - 121 PB - IARIA ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Neubauer, Katrin A1 - Fischer, Sebastian A1 - Hackenberg, Rudolf ED - Trinitis, Carsten ED - Pionteck, Thilo T1 - Work in Progress: Security Analysis for Safety-critical Systems BT - Smart Grid and IoT T2 - ARCS Workshop 2019; 32nd International Conference on Architecture of Computing Systems, May 2019, Copenhagen, Denmark, Workshop FORMUS³IC N2 - Internet of Thing (IoT) and Smart Grid (SG) are separate technologies. The digital transformation of the energy industry and the increasing digitalization in the private sector connect these technologies. Currently in Germany, the SG is under construction. In order to use future innovative services, SG and IoT must be combined. For this, we connect the SG Infrastructure with the IoT. A potential insecure device and network (IoT) should be able to transfer data to and from a critical infrastructure (SG). Open research question in this context are the security requirements architecture SG and IoT and the mechanism for authentication and authorisation in future application (SG and IoT). Due to the increasing networking of the systems (SG and IoT) new threats and attack vectors arise. The attacks to the architecture influence the target of authenticity, security and privacy. For the security analysis we focus on two communication points: the communication between the smart meter gateway, and the IoT device. In our example, a connected charging station with cloud services is connected with a SG infrastructure. To create a really smart service, the charging station needs a connection to the SG to get the current amount of renewable energy in the grid. With this two connections, new threats emerge. A security analysis over all the connections, including the vulnerability and the ability of an attacker, is developed in this paper. The analysis shows us challenges of the communication between IoT and SG. For this, we defined technical and organizational requirements for authentication and authorization. Current authentication and authorization mechanisms are no longer sufficient for the defined requirements. We present the Role-based trust model for Safety-critical Systems for these defined requirements. The new trust model is integrated into a role-based access control model. It defines data classes, which separate the sensitive and non-sensitive information. KW - smart grid KW - Internet of Things (IoT) KW - security analysis; KW - safety-critical infrastructure KW - trust model Y1 - 2019 SN - 978-3-8007-4957-7 SP - 101 EP - 106 PB - VDE Verlag GmbH CY - Berlin ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Görtz, Stefan A1 - Fischer, Sebastian A1 - Hackenberg, Rudolf T1 - Generation of Distributed Denial of Service Network Data with Phyton and Scapy T2 - CLOUD COMPUTING 2023 : The Fourteenth International Conference on Cloud Computing, GRIDs, and Virtualization, June 26 - 30, 2023, Nice, France N2 - Distributed Denial of Service attacks are among the most common and widespread network attacks. Due to their nature, they are difficult to defend. Intrusion detection systems, based on machine learning, are a promising approach to counter this threat. But to train these systems, data sets with Distributed Denial of Service attacks are needed. An implemented Python program, which creates Denial of Services packets and simulates distributed sending by multithreading, is presented. Unlike synthetically generated data with the use of simulators, real network traffic is generated. This eliminates errors and offers a better basis of data, as machine learning algorithms need data that is as error-free as possible in order to learn efficiently. Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.thinkmind.org/index.php?view=instance&instance=CLOUD+COMPUTING+2023 SN - 978-1-68558-044-5 SP - 8 EP - 14 PB - IARIA ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Vogl, Peter A1 - Weber, Sergei A1 - Graf, Julian A1 - Neubauer, Katrin A1 - Hackenberg, Rudolf T1 - Design and Implementation of an Intelligent and Model-based Intrusion Detection System for Iot Networks T2 - Cloud Computing 2022: The Thirteenth International Conference on Cloud Computing, GRIDs, and Virtualization, Special Track FAST-CSP, Barcelona, Spain, 24.-28.04.2022 N2 - The ongoing digitization and digitalization entails the increasing risk of privacy breaches through cyber attacks. Internet of Things (IoT) environments often contain devices monitoring sensitive data such as vital signs, movement or surveil-lance data. Unfortunately, many of these devices provide limited security features. The purpose of this paper is to investigate how artificial intelligence and static analysis can be implemented in practice-oriented intelligent Intrusion Detection Systems to monitor IoT networks. In addition, the question of how static and dynamic methods can be developed and combined to improve net-work attack detection is discussed. The implementation concept is based on a layer-based architecture with a modular deployment of classical security analysis and modern artificial intelligent methods. To extract important features from the IoT network data a time-based approach has been developed. Combined with network metadata these features enhance the performance of the artificial intelligence driven anomaly detection and attack classification. The paper demonstrates that artificial intelligence and static analysis methods can be combined in an intelligent Intrusion Detection System to improve the security of IoT environments. KW - Intrusion Detection KW - Artificial Intelligence KW - Machine Learning KW - Network Security KW - Internet of Things Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.thinkmind.org/index.php?view=article&articleid=cloud_computing_2022_1_20_28003 SN - 978-1-61208-948-5 SP - 7 EP - 12 PB - IARIA CY - [Wilmington, DE, USA] ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hinterberger, Lukas A1 - Weber, Bernhard A1 - Fischer, Sebastian A1 - Neubauer, Katrin A1 - Hackenberg, Rudolf T1 - IoT Device IdentificAtion and RecoGnition (IoTAG) T2 - CLOUD COMPUTING 2020, The Eleventh International Conference on Cloud Computing, GRIDs and Virtualization N2 - To ensure the secure operation of IoT devices in the future, they must be continuously monitored. This starts with an inventory of the devices, checking for a current software version and extends to the encryption algorithms and active services used. Based on this information, a security analysis and rating of the whole network is possible. To solve this challenge in the growing network environments, we present a proposal for a standard. With the IoT Device IdentificAtion and RecoGnition (IoTAG), each IoT device reports its current status to a central location as required and provides information on security. This information includes a unique ID, the exact device name, the current software version, active services, cryptographic methods used, etc. The information is signed to make misuse more difficult and to ensure that the device can always be uniquely identified. In this paper, we introduce IoTAG in detail and describe the necessary requirements. KW - Internet of Things KW - device identification KW - IoTAG KW - security rating Y1 - 2020 UR - https://thinkmind.org/articles/cloud_computing_2020_2_10_28002.pdf SN - 978-1-61208-778-8 SP - 17 EP - 23 PB - IARIA ER - TY - GEN ED - Herrmann, Frank T1 - SIMUL 2022 : the Fourteenth International Conference on Advances in System Simulation : October 16-20, 2022, Lisbon, Portugal Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.thinkmind.org/download_full.php?instance=SIMUL+2022 SN - 978-1-68558-001-8 PB - IARIA ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fuxen, Philipp A1 - Schönhärl, Stefan A1 - Schmidt, Jonas A1 - Gerstner, Mathias A1 - Jahn, Sabrina A1 - Graf, Julian A1 - Hackenberg, Rudolf A1 - Mottok, Jürgen T1 - A Cybersecurity Education Platform for Automotive Penetration Testing JF - International Journal On Advances in Security N2 - The paper presents a penetration testing framework for automotive IT security education and evaluates its realization. The automotive sector is changing due to automated driving functions, connected vehicles, and electric vehicles. This development also creates new and more critical vulnerabilities. This paper addresses a possible countermeasure, automotive IT security education. Some existing solutions are evaluated and compared with the created Automotive Penetration Testing Education Platform (APTEP) framework. In addition, the APTEP architecture is described. It consists of three layers representing different attack points of a vehicle. The realization of the APTEP is a hardware case and a virtual platform referred to as the Automotive Network Security Case (ANSKo). The hardware case contains emulated control units and different communication protocols. The virtual platform uses Docker containers to provide a similar experience over the internet. Both offer two kinds of challenges. The first introduces users to a specific interface, while the second combines multiple interfaces, to a complex and realistic challenge. This concept is based on modern didactic theories, such as constructivism and problem-based/challenge-based learning. Computer Science students from the Ostbayerische Technische Hochschule (OTH) Regensburg experienced the challenges as part of a elective subject. In an online survey evaluated in this paper, they gave positive feedback. Also, a part of the evaluation is the mapping of the ANSKo and the maturity levels in the Software Assurance Maturity Model (SAMM) practice Education & Guidance as well as the SAMM practice Security Testing. The scientific contribution of this paper is to present an APTEP, a corresponding learning concept and an evaluation method. KW - Challenge-based Learning KW - Education Framework KW - Penetration Testing KW - Automotive KW - IT-Security Education Y1 - 2022 UR - http://www.iariajournals.org/security/sec_v15_n34_2022_paged.pdf SN - 1942-2636 VL - 15 IS - 3&4 SP - 106 EP - 118 PB - IARIA ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Weber, Bernhard A1 - Hinterberger, Lukas A1 - Fischer, Sebastian A1 - Hackenberg, Rudolf ED - Duncan, Bob ED - Lee, Yong Woo ED - Popescu, Manuela T1 - How to Prevent Misuse of IoTAG? T2 - Cloud Computing 2021: the Twelfth International Conference on Cloud Computing, GRIDs, and Virtualization: April 18-22, 2021, Porto, Portugal N2 - Since IoT devices are potentially insecure and offer great attack potential, in our past research we presented IoTAG, a solution where devices communicate security-related information about themselves. However, since this information can also be exploited by attackers, we present in this paper a solution against the misuse of IoTAG. In doing so, we address the two biggest problems: authentication and pairing with a trusted device. This is solved by introducing a pairing process, which uses the simultaneous authentication of equals algorithm to securely exchange and verify each others signature, and by using the server and client authentication provided by HTTP over TLS. We provide the minimum requirements and evaluate the methods used. The emphasis is on known and already proven methods. Additionally, we analyze the potential consequences of an attacker tapping the IoTAG information. Finally, we conclude that the solution successfully prevents access to IoTAG by unauthorized clients on the same network. KW - Internet of Things KW - IoTAG KW - device pairing KW - device authentication KW - trusted connection Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.thinkmind.org/articles/cloud_computing_2021_1_40_28006.pdf SN - 978-1-61208-845-7 SN - 2308-4294 PB - IARIA CY - Wilmington, DE, USA ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Stadler, Sebastian A1 - Cornet, Henriette A1 - Mazeas, Damien A1 - Chardonnet, Jean-Remy A1 - Frenkler, Fritz T1 - IMPRO: IMMERSIVE PROTOTYPING IN VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENTS FOR INDUSTRIAL DESIGNERS T2 - Proceedings of the Design Society: DESIGN Conference 2020 N2 - Computer-Aided Design (CAD) constitutes an important tool for industrial designers. Similarly, Virtual Reality (VR) has the capability to revolutionize how designers work with its increased sense of scale and perspective. However, existing VR CAD applications are limited in terms of functionality and intuitive control. Based on a comparison of VR CAD applications, ImPro, a new application for immersive prototyping for industrial designers was developed. The user evaluations and comparisons show that ImPro offers increased usability, functionality, and suitability for industrial designers. KW - immersive prototyping KW - industrial design KW - virtual reality (VR) KW - human-computer interaction KW - computer-aided design (CAD) Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1017/dsd.2020.81 SP - 1375 EP - 1384 PB - Cambridge University Press ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Vetter, Miriam A1 - Haug, Sonja A1 - Dotter, Caroline A1 - Weber, Karsten T1 - EVEKT – Erhöhung der Verbraucherpartizipation an der Energiewende durch KI-Technologien und datenbasierte Mehrwertdienste. 5. Arbeitspapier: Segmentierung von Verbrauchergruppen mittels Clusteranalyse basierend auf einer Bevölkerungsbefragung in Deutschland N2 - Ziel dieses Arbeitspapiers ist es, Haushalte in unterschiedliche Verbrauchergruppen zu kategorisieren, um Schlussfolgerungen für eine zielgerichtete Ansprache zur Stromverbrauchsreduktion zu ziehen. In diesem Bericht werden Umfragedaten einer repräsentativen Online-Bevölkerungsbefragung für Deutschland (11/2023, n=2.027) ausgewertet. Zur Differenzierung von Verbrauchergruppen wurde eine Two-Step-Clusteranalyse zur Bestimmung der Clustervariablen und Bestimmung der Clusteranzahl durchgeführt. Anschließend wurden die Ergebnisse mit einer k-means-Clusterlösung validiert; mit der metrische soziodemografische Variablen (Alter, Haushaltsgröße, Nettoäquivalenzeinkommen und monatliche Stromkosten) aufgenommen wurden. Zwei Verbrauchersegmente resultierten aus dieser Clusterbildung: Cluster 1 besteht aus jüngeren, größeren Haushalten mit geringerem Einkommen, die höhere Stromkosten aufweisen als Cluster 2, welches aus älteren Haushalten mit einer geringeren Haushaltsgröße von durchschnittlich 1,63 Personen und höherem Einkommen sowie geringeren Stromkosten besteht. Es wird untersucht, wie sich die Cluster im Hinblick auf Nutzungsszenarien für Smart-Meter-Anwendungen, die Einstellung zum Zugriff auf Energiedaten, damit in Verbindung stehende Anreize und potenzielle Empfänger von Energiedaten unterscheiden lassen. Schlussfolgerungen für die zielgruppengerechte Adres-sierung von Energiesparwendungen werden abgeleitet. KW - Online-Bevölkerungsumfrage KW - Clustering KW - Verbraucherakzeptanz KW - Smart-Meter KW - intelligente Messsysteme Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-77436 ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Schultz, Maximilian A1 - Hauer, Franziska A1 - Haug, Sonja A1 - Weber, Karsten T1 - KINiro, Künstliche Intelligenz für Nichtregierungsorganisationen - Bedarf, Akzeptanz und Umsetzungsmöglichkeiten. 4. Arbeitspapier: Künstliche Intelligenz in Nichtregierungsorganisationen: In-depth-Interviews N2 - Vor dem Hintergrund der wachsenden Bedeutung Künstlicher Intelligenz (KI) in unterschiedlichen gesellschaftlichen Kontexten untersucht dieses Arbeitspapier aus dem Projekt KINiro den Einsatz, die Bedarfe sowie die Akzeptanz von KI in Nichtregierungsorganisationen (NROs). Im Rahmen des Projekts „KINiro – Bedarf, Akzeptanz und Umsetzungsmöglichkeiten“ wurden zehn vertiefende Expert*innen-Interviews mit Vertreter*innen verschiedener NROs geführt. Ziel war es, ein differenziertes und vertiefendes Verständnis von Wissen, benötigten und vorhandenen Ressourcen, organisatorischen Strukturen, Umsetzungsmöglichkeiten und das Erheben von Akzeptanz und die Gründe für Nicht-Akzeptanz zu erheben. Das Arbeitspapier ist das vierte in dem Projekt und baut auf den Erkenntnissen des Scoping Reviews, der ersten qualitativen Studie und der großen quantitativen Studie auf. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass das Interesse an KI in NROs stark zugenommen hat, insbesondere nach der breiten Verfügbarkeit von KI-Anwendungen wie ChatGPT. Die befragten Organisationen experimentieren aktuell mit KI vorwiegend in den Bereichen Textproduktion, Datenanalyse, Wissensmanagement und Prozessoptimierung. Es werden auch spezielle KI-Anwendungen für die Bedarfe der NROs entwickelt und eingesetzt. Zugleich bestehen jedoch große Herausforderungen, insbesondere begrenzte finanzielle und personelle Ressourcen, fehlendes Know-how und der Mangel an Digitalisierung. Datenschutz und ethische Fragestellungen sowie mögliche Verzerrungen (Bias) sind zentrale Bedenken. Dennoch lassen sich erste erfolgreiche Umsetzungsstrategien erkennen, etwa die Bildung interner Arbeitsgruppen, die Unterstützung durch Führungskräfte, auch gezielte Schulungen sowie die Entwicklung von Leitlinien werden positiv bewertet. Diese Ansätze tragen dazu bei, Vorbehalte abzubauen und Akzeptanz zu fördern. Das Arbeitspapier zeigt damit, wie die vorherigen Arbeitspapiere, dass KI im gemeinwohlorientierten Sektor grundsätzlich auf Offenheit trifft, zugleich aber ein breites Spektrum an Voraussetzungen wie Ressourcen, Know-how, rechtliche Rahmenbedingungen und nutzbare Anwendungen benötigt werden, um das volle Potenzial von KI verantwortungsvoll auszunutzen. KW - Künstliche Intelligenz KW - KI KW - Nichtregierungsorganisationen KW - Qualitative Befragung KW - NGO Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-79471 CY - Regensburg ER - TY - THES A1 - Semmelmann, Ernst T1 - Einsatz eines optischen Lesers zum Auslesen von Stromzählerdaten N2 - An der Ostbayerischen Technischen Hochschule Regensburg existiert ein Forschungsprojekt für energieoptimiertes Wohnen. Im Zuge dessen werden im genossenschaftlichen Wohnquartier Margaretenau in Regensburg bereits Daten zum Stromverbrauch erfasst. Dafür wird ein separater Dreiphasenzähler verwendet, für dessen Installation jedoch eine Fachkraft notwendig ist. Eine Alternative stellen die bereits verbauten Stromzähler dar, die für die Stromabrechnung verwendet werden. Diese besitzen eine optische Schnittstelle, über die ermittelte Messgrößen ausgegeben werden können. Die Arbeit behandelt die Entwicklung eines Verfahrens, in dem diese Daten ausgelesen und zur Analyse abgespeichert werden. Dafür wird ein optischer Lesekopf verwendet, der die extrahierten Messwerte an einen Datenaggregator weiterleitet. Dieser wird durch einen Raspberry Pi realisiert, der die Daten aller Leseköpfe aufbereitet und anschließend an die zentrale Sammelstelle versendet, die an der Hochschule betrieben wird und bereits die Datensätze der externen Dreiphasenzähler verarbeitet. Diese fügt die Messwerte schließlich in eine Datenbank ein, damit sie für eine nachfolgende Analyse weiterverwendet werden können. In der Arbeit werden zuerst die theoretischen Grundlagen erläutert, was die Analyse der verwendeten Protokolle und das Funktionsprinzip des optischen Lesekopfs beinhaltet. Anschließend wird das entwickelte Verfahren beschrieben und die Konfiguration der eingesetzten Komponenten erläutert. Schließlich erfolgt die Evaluation der umgesetzten Methode im Hinblick auf die Datenkonsistenz und die Plausibilität der ausgelesenen Messwerte. KW - Elektrizitätszähler KW - Datenerfassung KW - Elektrizitätszähler KW - Datenerfassung KW - Optokopf KW - Verbrauchserfassung Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-80318 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Neubauer, Katrin A1 - Fischer, Sebastian A1 - Hackenberg, Rudolf T1 - Risk Analysis of the Cloud Infrastructure of Smart Grid and Internet of Things T2 - The Tenth International Conference on Cloud Computing, GRIDs, and Virtualization, (CLOUD COMPUTING 2019), 10th Mai 2019, Venice, Italy N2 - Cloud Computing (CC), Internet of Thing (IoT) and Smart Grid (SG) are separate technologies. The digital transformation of the energy industry and the increasing digitalization in the private sector connect these technologies. At the moment, CC is used as a service provider for IoT. Currently in Germany, the SG is under construction and a cloud connection to the infrastructure has not been implemented yet. To build the SG cloud, the new laws for privacy must be implemented and therefore it’s important to know which data can be stored and distributed over a cloud. In order to be able to use future innovative services, SG and IoT must be combined. For this, in the next step we connect the SG infrastructure with the IoT. A potential insecure device and network (IoT) should be able to transfer data to and from a critical infrastructure (SG). In detail, we focus on two different connections: the communication between the smart meter switching box and the IoT device and the data transferred between the IoT and SG cloud. In our example, a connected charging station with cloud services is connected with a SG infrastructure. To create a really smart service, the charging station needs a connection to the SG to get the current amount of renewable energy in the grid. Private data, such as name, address and payment details, should not be transferred to the IoT cloud. With these two connections, new threads emerge. In this case, availability, confidentiality and integrity must be ensured. A risk analysis over all the cloud connections, including the vulnerability and the ability of an attacker and the resulting risk are developed in this paper. KW - Smart Grid KW - Internet of Things KW - security analysis KW - cloud computing KW - safety-critical infrastructure Y1 - 2019 UR - https://www.thinkmind.org/articles/cloud_computing_2019_6_20_28013.pdf SN - 978-1-61208-703-0 SN - 2308-4294 SP - 82 EP - 87 PB - IARIA ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Fischer, Sebastian A1 - Neubauer, Katrin A1 - Hackenberg, Rudolf T1 - A Study about the Different Categories of IoT in Scientific Publications T2 - CLOUD COMPUTING 2020: the Eleventh International Conference on Cloud Computing, GRIDs and Virtualization, October 25-29, 2020, Nizza N2 - The Internet of Things (IoT) is widely used as a synonym for nearly every connected device. This makes it really difficult to find the right kind of scientific publication for the intended category of IoT. Conferences and other events for IoT are confusing about the target group (consumer, enterprise, industrial, etc.) and standardisation organisations suffer from the same problem. To demonstrate these problems, this paper shows the results of an analyses over IoT publications in different research libraries. The number of results for IoT, consumer, enterprise and industrial search queries were evaluated and a manual study about 100 publications was done. According to the research library or search engine, different results about the distribution of consumer-, enterprise- and industrial- IoT are visible. The comparison with the results of the manual evaluation shows that some search queries do not show all desired publications or that considerably more, unwanted results are returned. Most researchers do not use the keywords right and the exact category of IoT can only be accessed via the abstract. This shows major problems with the use of the term IoT and its minor limitations. KW - Internet of Things KW - IoT KW - publications KW - consumer KW - industrial KW - enterprise KW - categorization Y1 - 2020 UR - https://thinkmind.org/articles/cloud_computing_2020_2_20_28004.pdf SN - 978-1-61208-778-8 SP - 24 EP - 30 PB - IARIA ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Hauer, Franziska A1 - Haug, Sonja A1 - Schultz, Maximilian A1 - Scharf, Anna A1 - Weber, Karsten T1 - KINiro, Künstliche Intelligenz für Nichtregierungsorganisationen - Bedarf, Akzeptanz und Umsetzungsmöglichkeiten. 3. Arbeitspapier: Künstliche Intelligenz in Nichtregierungsorganisationen: Quantitative Erforschung der Umsetzung in deutschen NROs N2 - Hintergrund und Fragestellung Künstliche Intelligenz (KI) stellt ein wichtiges Thema der Digitalisierung dar und hat das Potenzial viele Arbeitsfelder grundlegend zu verändern. Mit dem Einsatz von KI wird die Hoffnung verbunden durch Automatisierung Zeit und Geld zu sparen. Dies könnte besonders interessant für Organisationen sein, die wenig Ressourcen zur Verfügung haben, da sie nicht gewinnorientiert oder ehrenamtlich arbeiten. Dazu zählen Nichtregierungsorganisationen (NRO), die einen wichtigen Bestandteil der Zivilgesellschaft darstellen. Aufgrund der komplexer werdenden Arbeit von NROs scheint KI Möglichkeiten zur Bewältigung aktueller und zukünftiger Herausforderungen zu bieten. Über den Einsatz von KI in NROs ist derzeit jedoch wenig bekannt. Methodik Es wurde eine quantitative Querschnittstudie deutscher Nichtregierungsorganisationen (NRO) zum Thema KI durchgeführt. Der Web-Survey baut auf den Erkenntnissen des Scoping Reviews und der qualitativen Interviews auf und vertieft den Einblick in die Bereiche aktuelle Nutzung von KI, Wissenstand in den Organisationen sowie vorhandene und noch benötigte Ressourcen. Dafür wurden 343 NROs verschiedener Größen und Handlungsfelder befragt und die Ergebnisse quantitativ analysiert. Ergebnisse Die meisten NROs sind der Anwendung von KI gegenüber positiv eingestellt und planen den Einsatz für die Zukunft oder testen ihn bereits. Dafür werden meist schnell umsetzbare, externe Anwendungen wie Schreibunterstützungen oder Textübersetzung für Bürotätigkeiten in den Arbeitsablauf eingebaut. Diese Nutzung beschränkt sich häufig auf erste Versuche und wird durch interessierte Einzelpersonen vorangetrieben. Für größere Umsetzung fehlen häufig Zeit, Geld und Wissen. Da die NROs selbst erwarten, dass die Nutzung von KI in den nächsten Jahren zunehmen wird, werden mehr Wissensaufbau und Austausch in den Organisationen notwendig. Schlussfolgerung Das Interesse an der Thematik scheint in der Zielgruppe vorhanden zu sein, wie die hohe Teilnahmebereitschaft nahelegt. Doch handelt es sich um ein eher neues Thema für die NROs, sodass der Einsatz noch getestet wird und feste Strukturen, welche die Anwendung systematisieren und regeln noch aufgebaut werden müssen. Um dies zu ermöglichen, sind mehr Wissen, Richtlinien und finanzielle Ressourcen notwendig. Die Umsetzung hat in den NROs jedoch wenig Priorität, da zunächst andere Hürden überwunden werden müssen. KW - Künstliche Intelligenz KW - KI KW - Nichtregierungsorganisation KW - NRO KW - qualitative Studie Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-73518 PB - OTH Regensburg CY - Regensburg ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Vetter, Miriam A1 - Haug, Sonja A1 - Dotter, Caroline A1 - Weber, Karsten T1 - EVEKT - Erhöhung der Verbraucherpartizipation an der Energiewende durch KI-Technologien und datenbasierte Mehrwertdienste. 4. Arbeitspapier: Akzeptanz und Nutzungsbereitschaft von Smart-Meter-Anwendungen und datenbasierten Mehrwertdiensten BT - Erste Auswertungen im Rahmen von EVEKT N2 - Um Leistungsschwankungen im Stromnetz durch fluktuierende erneuerbare Energien auszugleichen, sollen in Deutschland intelligente Messtechnologien in Privathaushalten verbaut werden. Diese gelten als zentraler Bestandteil sog. Smart-Grids (intelligente Stromnetze), die Stromnachfrage und -angebot steuern, um Stromnetzstabilität zu gewährleisten. Die Werte, die bei der Messung des Stromverbrauchs in Privathaushalten erhoben werden, können an die Verbraucher*innen mithilfe von Apps oder anderer Smart-Meter-Plattformen (datenbasierte Mehrwertdienste) rückgemeldet werden. Vor diesem Hintergrund wurde eine Online-Befragung der Wohnbevölkerung in Deutschland (n=2.027) durchgeführt, deren Ergebnisse im Folgenden dargestellt werden. Abgefragt wurden Bekanntheit, Nutzungsbereitschaft und Akzeptanz intelligenter Stromzähler bzw. Smart-Meter sowie Anwendungsszenarien. Der Hälfte der Befragten ist der Begriff Smart-Meter bekannt, etwa ein Zehntel aller Befragten verfügt nach eigenen Angaben bereits über einen intelligenten Stromzähler oder einen Smart-Meter. Zudem bestehen bei einem hohen Anteil der Befragten Erwartungen bezüglich Nützlichkeit und Energiereduktion. Ein Nutzungsszenario mit Kostensparhinweisen wird häufiger gewünscht als eine Anzeige des Echt-zeitstromverbrauchs mit dem Energieverbrauch von einzelnen Haushaltsgeräten. Bei den Inhalten der Apps würden vor allem finanzielle und ideelle Anreize zum Energiesparen motivieren. Dem Datenschutz messen die Befragten höchste Bedeutung zu. Als Schlussfolgerung kann formuliert werden, dass intelligente Messtechnologien bis zu einem gewissen Grad schon bekannt, aber in Deutschland wenig verbreitet sind. Die Nutzungsmöglichkeiten für Strom- und Kostenreduktion werden bisher kaum ausgeschöpft. Bestehenden (Datenschutz-)Bedenken gegenüber der Technologie sollte mit intensiver Aufklärung und Information begegnet werden. KW - Smart-Meter KW - Stromverbrauch KW - Soziale Aspekte KW - Motivatoren KW - Akzeptanz Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-77421 ER - TY - INPR A1 - Takayasu, Anna A1 - Weikl, Simone A1 - Dahmen, Victoria A1 - Bogenberger, Klaus T1 - Impact of Travel Stress and Infrastructure Quality on Cycling Mode Share: Insights From Multimodal Trajectory and Survey Data Analysis N2 - This study explores the relationship between travel stress, infrastructure quality, and cycling mode share. Utilizing multimodal trajectory data, survey responses on travel stress, and detailed road network information with geological and bicycle facility data, the study analyzes correlations between actual and perceived infrastructure quality, travel stress, and cycling mode share, as well as the impact of travel time and distance on cycling mode share. The results indicate significant correlations between perceived infrastructure quality and travel stress levels, and between travel stress levels and cycling mode share, particularly among regular bike users. However, clear correlations between actual and perceived infrastructure quality, and between perceived infrastructure quality and cycling mode share, were not observed. Additionally, direct effects of travel time and distance on cycling mode share were not evident. From these findings, three main insights emerge. Firstly, accurately estimating cycling mode share requires considering multiple parameters beyond travel time and distance. Secondly, to implement effective measures for bicycle facilities, a detailed analysis of perceived infrastructure quality, incorporating actual infrastructure design, is crucial. Lastly, travel stress, when carefully assessed with consideration of various factors beyond infrastructure design, emerges as a key determinant of travel mode choice. These insights have significant implications for future cycling research, including the development of travel mode choice models and estimating cycling demand. The study's valuable contributions advance efforts to promote cycling as a sustainable and preferred mode of transportation. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.30696.85766 PB - Researchgate ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Herrmann, Frank ED - Herrmann, Frank T1 - Performance of Storage Strategies in a Highbay Warehouse T2 - SIMUL 2022, the 14th International Conference on Advances in System Simulation: October 16-20, 2022, Lisbon, Portugal N2 - Storage and retrieval times of goods in inventory processes determine the efficiency of highbay warehouses in companies. These times are highly dependent on the performance of rack feeders. Storage strategies have the greatest influence. The paper shows the impact of an efficient control of rack feeders through storage strategies. Storage strategies which are typically used in industrial inventory processes are analysed. For the analysis a simulation system is implemented, so that the real process times are similar to the simulated ones. This results in recommendations for the use of storage strategies in companies. KW - highbay warehouse KW - storage strategies KW - simulation of storages and retrievals of goods KW - Inventory processes Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.thinkmind.org/index.php?view=article&articleid=simul_2022_1_120_58002 SN - 2308-4537 SP - 69 EP - 73 PB - IARIA ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Haug, Sonja A1 - Vetter, Miriam A1 - Scharf, Anna A1 - Altenbuchner, Amelie A1 - Weber, Karsten ED - Heese, Carl ED - Schütz, Sandra ED - Obergrießer, Stefanie T1 - Nachhaltiges Wohnen: soziale Aspekte der Gebäudesanierung T2 - Die Nachhaltigkeitsziele der UN im Spiegel der Wissenschaft Beispiele aus der Sozial- und Gesundheitsforschung N2 - Der Beitrag befasst sich mit Nachhaltigkeitszielen der Vereinten Nationen im Bereich der bezahlbaren und sauberen Energie (Ausbau erneuerbare Energie, klimafreundliche Energie), nachhaltige Städte und Gemeinden (energieeffizienter Wohnungsbau) und Maßnahmen zum Klimaschutz (Senkung Ausstoß von Treibhausgasen). Für die Erreichung dieser Nachhaltigkeitsziele spielen die Wohnung und erforderliche Veränderungen im Verbrauch von Heizenergie und Strom eine bedeutende Rolle. Das Wissen über Energieeinsparungsmöglichkeiten und die Einstellungen der Bevölkerung wie auch anderer Akteur*innen und Stakeholder*innen zur energetischen Gebäudesanierung ist hierbei entscheidend. In diesem Kontext werden drei Forschungsprojekte des Instituts für Sozialforschung und Technikfolgenabschätzung (IST) an der OTH Regensburg vorgestellt: Erstens die Haushaltsbefragung in der Wohnbaugenossenschaft Margaretenau Regensburg (Projekt MAGGIE) zum Thema der energetischen Gebäudesanierung mit Fokus auf Heizung und Stromerzeugung mit regenerativer Energie. Zweitens das Projekt LivingH2, bei dem es um die Brennstoffzellentechnologie geht und drittens das Forschungsprojekt EVEKT in dem Anreizstrukturen für Energiesparmaßnahmen untersucht und in der Wohnsiedlung Herzobase in Herzogenaurach getestet werden sollen. Themenfelder, die in dem Beitrag im Spannungsfeld der sozialen, ökologischen und ökonomischen Nachhaltigkeitsdimensionen angesprochen werden, sind unter anderem Energiearmut, Interessenkonflikte zwischen Akteur*innen sowie Technikakzeptanz und Rebound-Effekte. Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-658-43334-5 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-43334-5_5 SP - 69 EP - 88 PB - Springer CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Folger, Fabian A1 - Hachani, Murad A1 - Fuxen, Philipp A1 - Graf, Julian A1 - Fischer, Sebastian A1 - Hackenberg, Rudolf T1 - A Transformer-Based Framework for Anomaly Detection in Multivariate Time Series T2 - CLOUD COMPUTING 2025, The Sixteenth International Conference on Cloud Computing, GRIDs, and Virtualization, April 06, 2025 to April 10, 2025, Valencia, Spain N2 - This paper introduces a comprehensive Transformer-based architecture for anomaly detection in multivariate time series. Using self-attention, the framework efficiently processes high-dimensional sensor data without extensive feature engineering, enabling early detection of unusual patterns to prevent critical system failures. In a subsequent laboratory setup, the framework will be applied using fuzzing techniques to induce anomalies in an Electronic Control Unit, while monitoring side channels, such as temperature, voltage, and Controller Area Network messages. The overall structure of the architecture, as well as the necessary preprocessing steps, such as temporal aggregation and classification up to the optimization of the hyperparameters of the model, are presented. The evaluation of the model architecture with the postulated restrictions shows that the model handles anomaly scenarios in the dataset robustly. It is necessary to evaluate the extent to which the model can be used in practical applications in areas, such as cloud environments or the industrial Internet of Things. Overall, the results highlight the potential of Transformer models for the automated and reliable monitoring of complex time series data for deviations. KW - Artificial Intelligence KW - Transformer KW - Time Series KW - Anomaly Detection KW - Temporal Aggregation KW - ECU Y1 - 2025 UR - https://www.thinkmind.org/library/CLOUD_COMPUTING/CLOUD_COMPUTING_2025/cloud_computing_2025_1_80_20078.html SN - 978-1-68558-258-6 SN - 2308-4294 SP - 52 EP - 57 PB - IARIA ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Dahmen, Victoria A1 - Bogenberger, Klaus A1 - Weikl, Simone T1 - Modellierung des Verkehrsmittelwahlverhaltens mittels erklärbarem Maschinellem Lernen JF - Straßenverkehrstechnik N2 - Die Modellierung der Verkehrsmittelwahl ist für die Vorhersage und das Verständnis des Mobilitätsverhaltens unerlässlich. Hierbei wurden in den letzten Jahren mit maschinellem Lernen vielversprechende Ergebnisse erzielt, insbesondere für XGBoost- und Random-Forest-Modelle. Aufgrund der zunehmenden Verwendung von Tracking-basierten Smartphone-Apps zur Aufzeichnung des Mobilitätsverhaltens, wenden wir diese Modelle auf einen solchen Datensatz an. Zudem analysieren wir eingehend deren Interpretierbarkeit. Wir kommen zu dem Schluss, dass das XGBoost-Modell am leistungsstärksten und dennoch erklärbar ist. Die von solchen Modellen gewonnenen Erkenntnisse können beispielsweise genutzt werden, um die Verkehrsmittelwahl für beliebige Quelle-Ziel-Paare vorherzusagen. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.53184/SVT2-2025-3 SN - 0039-2219 VL - 69 IS - 2 SP - 96 EP - 102 PB - Kirschbaum ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Vetter, Miriam A1 - Haug, Sonja A1 - Weber, Karsten T1 - Datenschutzsorgen aus Sicht der Bevölkerung im Kontext der Einführung von Smart-Metern JF - Datensicherheit und Datenschutz N2 - Der Beitrag stellt die Ergebnisse einer repräsentativen Bevölkerungsumfrage zur Akzeptanz von Smart-Metern in Privathaushalten vor. Bedenken gegenüber der Einführung von Smart-Metern hat knapp die Hälfte der Befragten. Anonymisierte Zugriffe auf ERnergieverbrauchsdaten werden anstelle der Weitergabe personenbezogener Daten favorisiert. Informationen über den Datenschutz haben für deutsche Privathaushalte offenbar die höchste Priorität. KW - Smart-Grid KW - Smart-Meter KW - Onlineumfrage KW - Akzeptanz Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11623-025-2065-8 VL - 49 IS - 3 SP - 177 EP - 180 PB - Springer Nature ER - TY - GEN ED - Fischer, Sebastian ED - Neumann, Christoph P. ED - Aßmuth, Andreas T1 - CLOUD COMPUTING 2025, The Sixteenth International Conference on Cloud Computing, GRIDs, and Virtualization, April 06, 2025 to April 10, 2025, Valencia, Spain Y1 - 2025 UR - https://www.thinkmind.org/library/CLOUD_COMPUTING/CLOUD_COMPUTING_2025 SN - 978-1-68558-258-6 SN - 2308-4294 PB - IARIA ER - TY - GEN ED - Herrmann, Frank T1 - Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Advances in System Simulation, SIMUL 2022, October 16 - 20, 2022, Lisbon, Portugal Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.thinkmind.org/download_full.php?instance=SIMUL+2022 SN - 978-1-68558-001-8 SN - 2308-4537 PB - IARIA XPS Press ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Weber, Karsten ED - George, Wolfgang Michael ED - Weber, Karsten T1 - Künstliche Intelligenz und Sterben just in time T2 - Wie werden wir in Zukunft sterben? - Szenarien zu Sterben Tod und Trauer im Jahr 2045 Y1 - 2023 SN - 9783837961058 U6 - https://doi.org/10.30820/9783837961058-249 SP - 249 EP - 268 PB - Psychosozial-Verlag CY - Gießen ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Weber, Karsten ED - George, Wolfgang Michael ED - Weber, Karsten T1 - Mensch und Technik, Mensch durch Technik T2 - Wie werden wir in Zukunft sterben? - Szenarien zu Sterben Tod und Trauer im Jahr 2045 Y1 - 2023 SN - 9783837961058 U6 - https://doi.org/10.30820/9783837961058-49 SP - 49 EP - 60 PB - Psychosozial-Verlag CY - Gießen ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Fuxen, Philipp A1 - Hackenberg, Rudolf A1 - Heinl, M. P. A1 - Schunck, C. H. A1 - Yahalom, R. T1 - MANTRA: A Graph-based Unified Information Aggregation Foundation for Enhancing Cybersecurity Management in Critical Infrastructures // Aufsatznr.: P-335 T2 - Lecture Notes in Informatics (LNI), Proceedings - Series of the Gesellschaft fur Informatik (GI), N2 - The digitization of almost all sectors of life and the quickly growing complexity of interrelationships between actors in this digital world leads to a dramatically increasing attack surface regarding both direct and also indirect attacks over the supply chain. These supply chain attacks can have different characters, e.g., vulnerabilities and backdoors in hardware and software, illegitimate access by compromised service providers, or trust relationships to suppliers and customers exploited in the course of business email compromise. To address this challenge and create visibility along these supply chains, threat-related data needs to be rapidly exchanged and correlated over organizational borders. The publicly funded project MANTRA is meant to create a secure and resilient framework for real-time exchange of cyberattack patterns and automated, contextualized risk management. The novel graph-based approach provides benefits for automation regarding cybersecurity management, especially when it comes to prioriization of measures for risk reduction and during active defense against cyberattacks. In this paper, we outline MANTRA’s scope, objectives, envisioned scientific approach, and challenges. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.18420/OID2023_10 SP - 123 EP - 128 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fischer, Sebastian T1 - A Security-, Privacy-and Usability-Scoring System for IoT Devices Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.researchgate.net/publication/364284332_A_Security-_Privacy-and_Usability-Scoring_System_for_IoT_Devices UR - 978-1-61208-948-5 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hachani, Murad A1 - Stey, Miguel A1 - Fuxen, Philipp A1 - Graf, Julian A1 - Hackenberg, Rudolf T1 - GFDG: a genetic fuzzing method for the Controller Area Network Protocol T2 - Cloud Computing 2025 : The Sixteenth International Conference on Cloud Coud Computing, GRIDs, and Virtualization, 06.-10. April 2025, Valencia N2 - Ensuring the security of modern automotive systems is critical due to their increasing complexity and reliance on interconnected Electronic Control Units. The Controller Area Network still serves as a key communication protocol within these systems, making it a primary target for security testing. Traditional fuzz testing approaches for Controller Area Networks often rely on random or brute-force message generation, not leveraging the system’s feedback to improve the generation process. This paper introduces the Genetic Fuzz Data Generator, a fuzzing method that leverages Genetic Algorithms and side-channel analysis to enhance Controller Area Network security testing. The Genetic Fuzz Data Generator dynamically refines its fuzzing strategy by evaluating system responses through side-channel data, such as processing unit temperatures and power supply variations. By structuring Controller Area Network messages as genetic individuals and applying evolutionary principles—including selection, crossover, and mutation—the Genetic Fuzz Data Generator systematically identifies active Controller Area Network IDs and generates targeted fuzz messages. Experimental validation was conducted on a real automotive electronic control unit within a controlled laboratory setup. The first results demonstrated the approach’s effectiveness, revealing system anomalies, including a Denial of Service vulnerability that disrupted functions of the investigated Electronic Control Unit. The findings highlight the potential of feedback-driven fuzzing for improving the efficiency of black-box security testing in Controller Area Network-based systems. Future research could further optimize fitness functions or explore additional side-channel metrics. Y1 - 2025 UR - https://www.thinkmind.org/library/CLOUD_COMPUTING/CLOUD_COMPUTING_2025/cloud_computing_2025_1_60_28009.html SN - 978-1-68558-258-6 SN - 2308-4294 SP - 40 EP - 45 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Buchmann, Thomas A1 - Schwägerl, Felix A1 - Peinl, René T1 - To Model, to Prompt, or to Code? The Choice Is Yours: A Multi-Paradigmatic Approach to Software Development T2 - Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Software Technologies, 10-12.Juni 2025, Bilbao N2 - This paper considers three fundamental approaches to software development, namely manual coding, model-driven software engineering, and code generation by large language models. All of these approaches have their individual pros and cons, motivating the desire for an integrated approach. We present MoProCo, a technical solution to integrate the three approaches into a single tool chain, allowing the developer to split a software engineering task into modeling, prompting or coding sub-tasks. From a single input file consisting of static model structure, natural language prompts and/or source code fragments, Java source code is generated using a two-stage approach. A case study demonstrates that the MoProCo approach combines the desirable properties of the three development approaches by offering the appropriate level of abstraction, determinism, and dynamism for each specific software engineering sub-task. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5220/0013557100003964 SP - 296 EP - 303 PB - SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Reichel, Tobias A1 - Gerstner, Mathias A1 - Schiller, Leo A1 - Attenberger, Andreas A1 - Hackenberg, Rudolf A1 - Dološ, Klara T1 - A forensic analysis of GNSS spoofing attacks on autonomous vehicles T2 - Cloud Computing 2025 : The Sixteenth International Conference on Cloud Computing, GRIDs, and Virtualization, 06.-10. April 2025, Valencia N2 - Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSSs) are essential for modern technology, enabling precise geographic positioning in aviation, maritime shipping, and automotive systems. In the future, their role will be even more critical for autonomous vehicles, which rely on accurate localization for navigation and decision-making. However, the increasing connectivity of autonomous vehicles exposes them to cyber threats, including GNSS spoofing attacks, which manipulate location data to mislead onboard systems. As reliance on GNSS grows, so does the risk posed by spoofing attacks, making it a critical security concern. This paper describes GNSS spoofing attacks on autonomous vehicles, focusing on their detection both during and after an attack. Furthermore, we analyze data storage strategies to facilitate effective forensic analysis. We highlight the importance of position, signal, and camera data, which should be preserved to ensure a comprehensive forensic investigation. Finally, we suggest a simulation setup that enables studying which data could be used for a forensic investigation. Additionally, we examine established data frameworks and decide whether they are suitable for detecting GNSS spoofing attacks. Y1 - 2025 UR - https://www.thinkmind.org/articles/cloud_computing_2025_1_50_28008.pdf SN - 978-1-68558-258-6 SN - 2308-4294 SP - 32 EP - 39 ER - TY - THES A1 - Altweck, Ricardo T1 - Analysing Learning Behaviour in Moodle: A Heuristic and AI-Driven Approach BT - A Thesis N2 - In this thesis, a novel evaluation method to determine the duration of learning sessions and the completion of learning material is introduced. Screen recordings of students’ browser sessions are utilised to capture detailed, low-level learner activity in a blended learning environment.The accumulated recordings are analysed to define a continuous completion state for individual learning material, focusing on the exact time a student spends on the material and their activity during this period. The evaluation method is adapted to the type of material, such as PDF documents, quizzes, or video lectures. The results demonstrate the potential of this approach, based on analysis of two distinct time frames: an exam preparation period and a lecture period. Additionally, an AI-driven approach is outlined to further refine the chosen definition of learning material completion. KW - Learning Analytics KW - Student Engagement KW - Session Replays KW - LMS KW - Blended Learning Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-79210 CY - Regensburg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kopper, Andreas A1 - Fürstenau, Daniel A1 - Zimmermann, Stephan A1 - Klotz, Stefan A1 - Rentrop, Christopher A1 - Rothe, Hannes A1 - Strahringer, Susanne A1 - Westner, Markus T1 - Shadow IT and Business-Managed IT: A Conceptual Framework and Empirical Illustration JF - International Journal of IT/Business Alignment and Governance (IJITBAG) N2 - Research on Shadow IT is facing a conceptual dilemma in cases where previously “covert” systems developed by business entities are integrated in the organizational IT management. These systems become visible, are thus not “in the shadows” anymore, and subsequently do not fit to existing definitions of Shadow IT. Practice shows that some information systems share characteristics of Shadow IT but are created openly in alignment with the IT organization. This paper proposes the term “Business-managed IT” to describe “overt” information systems developed or managed by business entities and distinguishes it from Shadow IT by illustrating case vignettes. Accordingly,our contribution is to suggest a concept and its delineation against other concepts. In this way, IS researchers interested in IT originated from or maintained by business entities can construct theories with a wider scope of application that are at the same time more specific to practical problems. In addition, the terminology allows to value potentially innovative developments by business entities more adequately. KW - Alignment KW - Business-managed IT KW - IT governance KW - Shadow IT KW - Unternehmen KW - Informationstechnik KW - Datensicherung KW - Organizational IT management Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4018/IJITBAG.2018070104 VL - 9 IS - 2 SP - 53 EP - 71 PB - IGI Global ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Käss, Sebastian A1 - Strahringer, Susanne A1 - Westner, Markus T1 - A Multiple Mini Case Study on the Adoption of Low Code Development Platforms in Work Systems JF - IEEE Access N2 - Although adopting Low Code Development Platforms (LCDPs) promises significant efficiency and effectiveness improvements for application development, its adoption still needs further empirical research. This paper uses a combinatorial approach to research LCDP adoption and presents the results of a multiple mini case study with 36 cases on LCDP adoption. A combination of the Socio-Technical Systems theory and the Technology-Organisational-Environment model is used as a theoretical lens. In this paper, we show that LCDP adoption is a multifaceted phenomenon and identify three archetypes for LCDP adoption (i.e., IT Resource Shortage Mitigators, Application Development Democratisers, and Synergy Realisers) and one archetype for LCDP non-adoption (i.e., Intricacy Adversaries). Each archetype can be interpreted as an individual path towards LCDP (non-)adoption. Based on these archetypes, we derive seven starting points for practitioners to adopt LCDPs in work systems. Moreover, by using the theoretical lenses, the paper shows that for an LCDP adoption to occur, an optimisation of the social and technical sub-systems is required. KW - Low Code Development Platform KW - Adoption KW - Case study Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-65634 SN - 2169-3536 N1 - Corresponding author: Markus Westner SP - 118762 EP - 118786 PB - IEEE ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Borg, Leise A1 - Frikel, Jürgen A1 - Jørgensen, Jakob Sauer A1 - Quinto, Eric Todd T1 - Analyzing Reconstruction Artifacts from Arbitrary Incomplete X-ray CT Data JF - SIAM Journal on Imaging Sciences N2 - This article provides a mathematical analysis of singular (nonsmooth) artifacts added to reconstructions by filtered backprojection (FBP) type algorithms for X-ray computed tomography (CT) with arbitrary incomplete data. We prove that these singular artifacts arise from points at the boundary of the data set. Our results show that, depending on the geometry of this boundary, two types of artifacts can arise: object-dependent and object-independent artifacts. Object-dependent artifacts are generated by singularities of the object being scanned, and these artifacts can extend along lines. They generalize the streak artifacts observed in limited-angle tomography. Object-independent artifacts, on the other hand, are essentially independent of the object and take one of two forms: streaks on lines if the boundary of the data set is not smooth at a point and curved artifacts if the boundary is smooth locally. We prove that these streak and curve artifacts are the only singular artifacts that can occur for FBP in the continuous case. In addition to the geometric description of artifacts, the article provides characterizations of their strength in Sobolev scale in certain cases. The results of this article apply to the well-known incomplete data problems, including limited-angle and regionof-interest tomography, as well as to unconventional X-ray CT imaging setups that arise in new practical applications. Reconstructions from simulated and real data are analyzed to illustrate our theorems, including the reconstruction that motivated this work a synchrotron data set in which artifacts appear on lines that have no relation to the object. KW - DATA TOMOGRAPHY KW - Fourier integral operators KW - GENERALIZED RADON-TRANSFORM KW - IMAGE-RECONSTRUCTION KW - incomplete data tomography KW - limited-angle tomography KW - METAL ARTIFACTS KW - microlocal analysis KW - PROJECTIONS KW - reconstruction artifact KW - region-of-interest tomography KW - SINGULARITIES KW - wavefront set KW - X-ray tomography Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1137/18M1166833 VL - 11 IS - 4 SP - 2786 EP - 2814 PB - SIAM PUBLICATIONS ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kopper, Andreas A1 - Klotz, Stefan A1 - Westner, Markus A1 - Strahringer, Susanne T1 - Shadow IT and Business-managed IT BT - Practitioner Perceptions and Their Comparison to Literature JF - Journal of Information Technology Management (JITM) N2 - Two concepts describe the autonomous deployment of IT by business entities: Shadow IT and Business-managed IT. Shadow IT is deployed covertly, that is, software, hardware, or IT services created/procured or managed by business entities without alignment with the IT organization. In contrast, Business-managed IT describes the overt deployment of IT, that is, in alignment with the IT organization or in a split responsibility model. The purpose of this paper is to extend the conceptual understanding of Shadow IT and Business-managed IT, comparing the perceptions of 29 CIOs and senior IT managers with the results of a systematic literature review. By doing so, this paper presents a structured and comprehensive view of causing factors, outcomes, and governance of Shadow IT and Business-managed IT in practice. A comparison of academic literature and practitioner perceptions reveals the limitations and gaps of the current research and highlights avenues for future research. The authors find three category-spanning themes occurring as causing factors, outcomes, and—as part of governance measures—factors to improve the IT organization: (1) (Poor) business-IT alignment (2) (lack of) agility, and (3) (lack of) policies. This study is innovative with its comprehensive qualitative interview data that the authors compare to the existing literature. Therefore, the paper brings together theoretical and practical insights into Shadow IT and Businessmanaged IT, which should aid practitioners and scholars in decision making and future research. KW - Corporate Governance KW - Strategisches Management KW - Shadow IT KW - Business-managed IT KW - IT governance KW - Agility KW - Business-IT alignment KW - Informationsmanagement Y1 - 2019 UR - http://home.thejitm.org/XXX-4/contents.html SN - 1042-1319 VL - 30 IS - 4 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Käss, Sebastian A1 - Brosig, Christoph A1 - Westner, Markus A1 - Strahringer, Susanne T1 - Short and sweet: multiple mini case studies as a form of rigorous case study research JF - Information Systems and e-Business Management N2 - Case study research is one of the most widely used research methods in Information Systems (IS). In recent years, an increasing number of publications have used case studies with few sources of evidence, such as single interviews per case. While there is much methodological guidance on rigorously conducting multiple case studies, it remains unclear how researchers can achieve an acceptable level of rigour for this emerging type of multiple case study with few sources of evidence, i.e., multiple mini case studies. In this context, we synthesise methodological guidance for multiple case study research from a cross-disciplinary perspective to develop an analytical framework. Furthermore, we calibrate this analytical framework to multiple mini case studies by reviewing previous IS publications that use multiple mini case studies to provide guidelines to conduct multiple mini case studies rigorously. We also offer a conceptual definition of multiple mini case studies, distinguish them from other research approaches, and position multiple mini case studies as a pragmatic and rigorous approach to research emerging and innovative phenomena in IS. KW - Case study research KW - Multiple mini case study KW - Short case study KW - Methodological guidance Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10257-024-00674-2 PB - Springer Nature ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Klotz, Stefan A1 - Kopper, Andreas A1 - Westner, Markus A1 - Strahringer, Susanne T1 - Von Schatten-IT zu Business-managed IT: Fachbereichs-IT gezielt gestalten JF - Wirtschaftsinformatik & Management N2 - Fachbereichs-IT, Schatten-IT, Business-managed IT. All diese Begriffe beschreiben IT, die neben den eigentlichen, regulären IT-Systemen oder -Prozessen in Unternehmen existieren und von Mitarbeiterinnen und Mitarbeitern der Fachbereiche genutzt werden. Im Fall von„Schatten-IT“ handelt es sich um IT-Systeme und -Prozesse (IT-Instanzen), die sich ohne Kenntnis der IT-Verantwortlichen etabliert haben; im Fall von„Business-managed IT“ entstehen die IT-Systeme und -Prozesse in Kenntnis der bzw. in Abstimmung mit den IT-Verantwortlichen im Unternehmen.„Fachbereichs-IT“ subsumiert Schatten-IT und Business-managed IT. Welche Ursachen führen zu solchen IT-Instanzen, welche Potenziale und Risiken haben diese IT-Instanzen und wie lassen sie sich steuern? KW - Business-managed IT KW - Fachbereichs IT KW - IT Governance KW - Schatten IT KW - Shadow IT Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1365/s35764-022-00421-7 SN - 1867-5913 SN - 1867-5905 VL - 14 IS - 4 SP - 282 EP - 287 PB - Springer Nature ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Joblin, Mitchell A1 - Apel, Sven A1 - Hunsen, Claus A1 - Mauerer, Wolfgang T1 - Classifying Developers into Core and Peripheral: An Empirical Study on Count and Network Metrics T2 - 2017 IEEE/ACM 39th International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE), Buenos Aires, Argentina, 20-28 May 2017 N2 - Knowledge about the roles developers play in a software project is crucial to understanding the project's collaborative dynamics. In practice, developers are often classified according to the dichotomy of core and peripheral roles. Typically, count-based operationalizations, which rely on simple counts of individual developer activities (e.g., number of commits), are used for this purpose, but there is concern regarding their validity and ability to elicit meaningful insights. To shed light on this issue, we investigate whether count-based operationalizations of developer roles produce consistent results, and we validate them with respect to developers' perceptions by surveying 166 developers. Improving over the state of the art, we propose a relational perspective on developer roles, using fine-grained developer networks modeling the organizational structure, and by examining developer roles in terms of developers' positions and stability within the developer network. In a study of 10 substantial open-source projects, we found that the primary difference between the count-based and our proposed network-based core-peripheral operationalizations is that the network-based ones agree more with developer perception than count-based ones. Furthermore, we demonstrate that a relational perspective can reveal further meaningful insights, such as that core developers exhibit high positional stability, upper positions in the hierarchy, and high levels of coordination with other core developers, which confirms assumptions of previous work. Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/icse.2017.23 SP - 164 EP - 174 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Klotz, Stefan A1 - Westner, Markus A1 - Strahringer, Susanne T1 - From Shadow IT to Business-managed IT and Back Again BT - How Responsibility for IT Instances Evolves Over Time T2 - Pacific Asia Conference on Information Systems (PACIS): 2020, Dubai N2 - Today, information technology (IT) is not anymore solely deployed and maintained by the IT organization, but also by business units. IT deployed or managed by business units is called Shadow IT (without alignment with the IT organization) or Business-managed IT (in alignment or a split responsibility model with the IT organization), contrasting “classical” IT. However, the responsibility for deployed IT might change over time. Therefore, this paper conceptualizes the progression of the responsibility for IT as a trajectory through initialization, potential transitions, and discontinuance. The paper illustrates this conceptual framework using four exemplary case vignettes of IT instances. Empirical findings of the case vignettes determine indications when employees initialize an IT instance as Shadow IT, Business-managed IT, or IT-managed systems and reasons why the responsibility for an IT instance changes over time. The results suggest that scholars and practitioners should add a temporal dimension to the governance of IT instances. KW - IT-Governance KW - Shadow IT KW - Business-managed IT KW - Shadow IT KW - Business-managed IT KW - IT governance KW - trajectory KW - application governance Y1 - 2020 UR - https://aisel.aisnet.org/pacis2020/94/ ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Klotz, Stefan A1 - Kopper, Andreas A1 - Westner, Markus A1 - Strahringer, Susanne T1 - Causing factors, outcomes, and governance of Shadow IT and business-managed IT BT - A systematic literature review JF - International Journal of Information Systems and Project Management N2 - Shadow IT and Business-managed IT describe the autonomous deployment/procurement or management of Information Technology (IT) instances, i.e., software, hardware, or IT services, by business entities. For Shadow IT, this happens covertly, i.e., without alignment with the IT organization; for Business-managed IT this happens overtly, i.e., in alignment with the IT organization or in a split responsibility model. We conduct a systematic literature review and structure the identified research themes in a framework of causing factors, outcomes, and governance. As causing factors, we identify enablers, motivators, and missing barriers. Outcomes can be benefits as well as risks/shortcomings of Shadow IT and Business-managed IT. Concerning governance, we distinguish two subcategories: general governance for Shadow IT and Business-managed IT and instance governance for overt Business-managed IT. Thus, a specific set of governance approaches exists for Business-managed IT that cannot be applied to Shadow IT due to its covert nature. Hence, we extend the existing conceptual understanding and allocate research themes to Shadow IT, Business-managed IT, or both concepts and particularly distinguish the governance of the two concepts. Besides, we find that governance themes have been the primary research focus since 2016, whereas older publications (until 2015) focused on causing factors. KW - Shadow IT KW - Business-managed IT KW - IT governance KW - literature review KW - outcomes KW - Betriebliches Informationssystem KW - Datensicherung KW - Literaturbericht Y1 - 2019 UR - http://www.sciencesphere.org/ijispm/archive/ijispm-070102.pdf U6 - https://doi.org/10.12821/ijispm070102 SN - 2182-7796 SN - 2182-7788 SN - 2182-780X VL - 7 IS - 1 SP - 15 EP - 43 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Klotz, Stefan A1 - Westner, Markus A1 - Strahringer, Susanne T1 - Critical Success Factors of Business-managed IT: It Takes Two to Tango JF - Information Systems Management N2 - This paper identifies critical success factors of Business-managed IT based on case study results. Four groups of critical success factors emerge: (1) general approach to Business-managed IT/Business-managed IT strategy, (2) Business-managed IT project prerequisites/Business-managed IT team, (3) Business-managed IT project execution and outcome, and (4) information technology management for Business-managed IT. The results suggest that bilateral responsibility between the business unit and the IT organization is the most favorable governance option for Business-managed IT. KW - Betriebliches Informationssystem KW - Strategisches Management KW - Erfolgsfaktor KW - Fallstudie KW - Business-managed IT KW - Shadow IT KW - critical success factors KW - IT governance KW - application governance Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/10580530.2021.1938300 VL - 39 IS - 3 SP - 220 EP - 240 PB - Taylor&Francis ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Borg, Leise A1 - Jørgensen, Jakob Sauer A1 - Frikel, Jürgen A1 - Sporring, Jon T1 - Reduction of variable-truncation artifacts from beam occlusion during in situ x-ray tomography JF - Measurement Science and Technology N2 - Many in situ x-ray tomography studies require experimental rigs which may partially occlude the beam and cause parts of the projection data to be missing. In a study of fluid flow in porous chalk using a percolation cell with four metal bars drastic streak artifacts arise in the filtered backprojection (FBP) reconstruction at certain orientations. Projections with non-trivial variable truncation caused by the metal bars are the source of these variable-truncation artifacts. To understand the artifacts a mathematical model of variable-truncation data as a function of metal bar radius and distance to sample is derived and verified numerically and with experimental data. The model accurately describes the arising variable-truncation artifacts across simulated variations of the experimental setup. Three variable-truncation artifact-reduction methods are proposed, all aimed at addressing sinogram discontinuities that are shown to be the source of the streaks. The 'reduction to limited angle' (RLA) method simply keeps only non-truncated projections; the 'detector-directed smoothing' (DDS) method smooths the discontinuities; while the 'reflexive boundary condition' (RBC) method enforces a zero derivative at the discontinuities. Experimental results using both simulated and real data show that the proposed methods effectively reduce variable- truncation artifacts. The RBC method is found to provide the best artifact reduction and preservation of image features using both visual and quantitative assessment. The analysis and artifact-reduction methods are designed in context of FBP reconstruction motivated by computational efficiency practical for large, real synchrotron data. While a specific variable- truncation case is considered, the proposed methods can be applied to general data cut-offs arising in different in situ x-ray tomography experiments. KW - computed tomography KW - COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY KW - CT KW - filtered backprojection KW - IMAGE-RECONSTRUCTION KW - in situ measurements KW - sinogram discontinuities KW - variable-truncation artifacts Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6501/aa8c27 VL - 28 IS - 12 PB - IOP Publishing ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Joblin, Mitchell A1 - Mauerer, Wolfgang A1 - Apel, Sven A1 - Siegmund, Janet A1 - Riehle, Dirk T1 - From Developer Networks to Verified Communities: A Fine-Grained Approach T2 - 2015 IEEE/ACM 37th IEEE International Conference on Software Engineering, 16-24 May 2015, Florence, Italy N2 - Effective software engineering demands a coordinated effort. Unfortunately, a comprehensive view on developer coordination is rarely available to support software-engineering decisions, despite the significant implications on software quality, software architecture, and developer productivity. We present a fine-grained, verifiable, and fully automated approach to capture a view on developer coordination, based on commit information and source-code structure, mined from version-control systems. We apply methodology from network analysis and machine learning to identify developer communities automatically. Compared to previous work, our approach is fine-grained, and identifies statistically significant communities using order-statistics and a community-verification technique based on graph conductance. To demonstrate the scalability and generality of our approach, we analyze ten open-source projects with complex and active histories, written in various programming languages. By surveying 53 open-source developers from the ten projects, we validate the authenticity of inferred community structure with respect to reality. Our results indicate that developers of open-source projects form statistically significant community structures and this particular view on collaboration largely coincides with developers' perceptions of real-world collaboration. KW - collaboration KW - Computer languages KW - Measurement KW - Open Source Software KW - Software systems KW - Standards Y1 - 2015 SN - 978-1-4799-1934-5 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/icse.2015.73 SP - 563 EP - 573 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Klotz, Stefan A1 - Westner, Markus A1 - Strahringer, Susanne A1 - Schieder, Christian T1 - Transformed Knowledge Sharing Through Business-managed IT and Shadow IT T2 - Proceedings of the 25th Americas Conference on Information Systems (AMCIS 2019), Cancún, Mexiko, August 15-17 N2 - Business-managed IT and Shadow IT describe the autonomous deployment/management of IT instances by business units. For the former, this happens in alignment with the IT organization of the enterprise, for the latter, without alignment. We analyze why and how Business-managed IT and Shadow IT transform knowledge sharing with two case studies drawing on the theoretical lens of the knowledge-based view. Several motivators lead to the autonomous implementation of knowledge management systems (KMSs), for example, shortcomings of existing systems. The implemented KMSs have multiple benefits for knowledge sharing, such as a reduction of knowledge sharing barriers. However, we notice that the Shadow IT KMS leads to challenges for cross-unit knowledge sharing due to the covert nature of Shadow IT. Based on the findings of our case studies, we develop a mid-range theory to explain the transformation of knowledge sharing in enterprises supported by Business-managed IT and Shadow IT. KW - Business-managed IT KW - Shadow IT KW - knowledge sharing KW - knowledge management system Y1 - 2019 UR - https://aisel.aisnet.org/amcis2019/org_transformation_is/org_transformation_is/5/ SP - 1 EP - 10 PB - AIS ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Joblin, Mitchell A1 - Apel, Sven A1 - Mauerer, Wolfgang T1 - Evolutionary trends of developer coordination: a network approach JF - Empirical Software Engineering N2 - Software evolution is a fundamental process that transcends the realm of technical artifacts and permeates the entire organizational structure of a software project. By means of a longitudinal empirical study of 18 large open-source projects, we examine and discuss the evolutionary principles that govern the coordination of developers. By applying a network-analytic approach, we found that the implicit and self-organizing structure of developer coordination is ubiquitously described by non-random organizational principles that defy conventional software-engineering wisdom. In particular, we found that: (a) developers form scale-free networks, in which the majority of coordination requirements arise among an extremely small number of developers, (b) developers tend to accumulate coordination requirements with more and more developers over time, presumably limited by an upper bound, and (c) initially developers are hierarchically arranged, but over time, form a hybrid structure, in which core developers are hierarchically arranged and peripheral developers are not. Our results suggest that the organizational structure of large projects is constrained to evolve towards a state that balances the costs and benefits of developer coordination, and the mechanisms used to achieve this state depend on the project’s scale. KW - Developer coordination KW - Developer networks KW - Software evolution Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10664-016-9478-9 VL - 22 IS - 4 SP - 2050 EP - 2094 PB - Springer ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Frikel, Jürgen A1 - Borg, Leise A1 - Jørgensen, Jakob Sauer A1 - Quinto, Eric Todd ED - Burger, Martin ED - Hahn, Bernadette ED - Quinto, Eric Todd T1 - Singular artifacts in incomplete data x-ray tomography T2 - Tomographic Inverse Problems: Theory and Applications; 27.01. - 02.02.2019 Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4171/OWR/2019/4 SN - 1660-8941 SP - 295 EP - 297 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Joblin, Mitchell A1 - Mauerer, Wolfgang T1 - An Interactive Survey Framework for Validation of Social Network Analysis JF - The R Journal N2 - Abstract Social network analysis is extremely well supported by the R community and is routinely used for studying the relationships between people engaged in collaborative activities. While there has been rapid development of new approaches and metrics in this field, the challenging question of validity (how well insights derived from social networks agree with reality) is often difficult to address. We propose the use of several R packages to generate interactive surveys that are specifically well suited for validating social network analyses. Using our web-based survey application, we were able to validate the results of applying community-detection algorithms to infer the organizational structure of software developers contributing to open-source projects. Y1 - 2016 UR - https://journal.r-project.org/archive/2016/RJ-2016-010/index.html VL - 8 IS - 1 SP - 149 EP - 158 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Könning, Michael A1 - Heinrich, Kai A1 - Leyh, Christian A1 - Westner, Markus T1 - A quantitative analysis of regional differences in pivotal IT outsourcing contract features T2 - Proceedings of the 27th European Conference on Information Systems (ECIS), Stockholm & Uppsala, Sweden, June 8-14, 2019 (ECIS 2019 proceedings) N2 - More than 30 years after its first implementation, IT outsourcing (ITO) is unanimously considered a critical component of corporate strategy for private and public institutions alike. While implementations of ITO around the world share some common characteristics like typical reasons for outsourcing, key success factors, or dimensions along which they can be classified, extant research also points to regional differences. However, research on this topic, specifically regarding pivotal contract features like contract value, contract length, or pricing methods, is still in its infancy, and quantitative analyses on the subject are particularly scarce. We address this research gap by analyzing data on 14,917 ITO contracts closed between 2007 and 2017 through the lens of cultural regions and three statistical methods. The contribution of our paper is threefold. First, our descriptive analysis points to globally decreasing contract lengths and contract values, confirming previous studies and practice reports. Second, an ANOVA with independent post-hoc testing provides quantitative support for the degree of dissimilarity among individual regions in pivotal ITO contract features. Finally, our quantitative replication of a previous study identifies culture-induced regional differences between USA and Japan regarding the effect of influence factors on ITO contract features KW - Contract Design KW - Cultural Regions KW - IT Outsourcing KW - IT Sourcing KW - Sourcing Strateg Y1 - 2019 UR - https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Kai-Heinrich-3/publication/332834150_A_quantitative_analysis_of_regional_differences_in_pivotal_IT_outsourcing_contract_features/links/5ccc00624585153c8c68551a/A-quantitative-analysis-of-regional-differences-in-pivotal-IT-outsourcing-contract-features.pdf SN - 978-1-7336325-0-8 SP - 1 EP - 15 PB - Association for Information Systems ER - TY - INPR A1 - Thaus, Christopher A1 - Hofrichter, Elena A1 - Lubnow, Matthias A1 - Krenkel, Lars A1 - Lehle, Karla T1 - Hemocompatibility of Membrane Lung Components from Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation with Different Antithrombogenic Coatings N2 - Thrombus formation within extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) devices remained a critical complication. One reason seems to be the contact of blood with large artificial surfaces within the membrane lung (ML). The aim was to test the hemocompatibility of different naïve ECMO materials. Blood and platelets from five healthy volunteers were incubated with gas exchange (GF) and heat exchange fibers (HE) from four different commercial available new MLs representing different antithrombogenic coatings. Adherent platelets were stained with rhodamine-phalloidin. Surface coverage was quantified with ImageJ. Non-adherent platelets were stained with antibodies (CD62P, PAC-1, CD61) and fibrinogen to detect platelet activation with flow cytometry. Hemolysis of red blood cells after material contact was detected. All ECMO-materials were non-hemolytic and did not induce platelet activation. However, platetelet adhesion (median (IQR)) was significantly elevated on uncoated GFs made of polymethylpentene (GF-PMP; 12 (7-19)%) and on GFs from the Hilite-MLs (GF-Hilite; 13 ((8-19)%) compared to the other materials. In vitro testing of platelet adhesion disclosed significant differences of ECMO-materials with different antithrombogenic surface coatings. Instead, circulating platelets remained non-activated. ECMO-materials and its coatings were non-hemolytic. Finally, this study confirmed the good hemocompatibility of GFs and HEs from commerciall available MLs. KW - ECMO KW - platelet activation KW - platelet adhesion KW - hemolysis KW - hemocompatibility Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202412.0615.v1 SP - 1 EP - 11 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lichtenauer, Norbert A1 - Ettl, Katrin A1 - Mohr, Christa A1 - Weber, Karsten A1 - Meussling-Sentpali, Annette T1 - Der Pflegeroboter für zu Hause JF - Die Schwester, der Pfleger N2 - Ein interdisziplinäres Forschungsprojekt der Ostbayerischen Hochschule Regensburg untersucht, inwiefern Telemedizin und digitale Anwendungen die Therapie und Pflege von Menschen mit Schlaganfall in ihrem häuslichen Umfeld unterstützen, ihre Lebensqualität beeinflussen und die intersektorale Versorgung verbessern kann. Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.bibliomed-pflege.de/sp/artikel/44176-der-pflegeroboter-fuer-zu-hause VL - 11 IS - 21 SP - 48 EP - 52 PB - Bibliomed-Medizinische Verlagsgesellschaft mbH ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Krug, Henriette A1 - Bittner, Uta A1 - Rolfes, Vasilija A1 - Fangerau, Heiner A1 - Weber, Karsten ED - Frewer, Andreas ED - Bergemann, Lutz ED - Langmann, Elisabeth T1 - Verunsicherung des ärztlichen Selbstverständnisses durch Künstliche Intelligenz? Ein Überblick über potenzielle Auswirkungen ihres Einsatzes im ärztlichen Alltag T2 - Unsicherheit in der Medizin ; zum Umgang mit Ungewissheit im Gesundheitswesen Y1 - 2020 SN - 978-3-8260-7226-0 SP - 195 EP - 210 PB - Königshausen & Neumann CY - Würzburg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Krug, Henriette A1 - Gerhards, Helene A1 - Bittner, Uta A1 - Scorna, Ulrike A1 - Kaufner, Nicla A1 - Kokott, Linda Ellen A1 - Rolfes, Vasilija A1 - Fangerau, Heiner A1 - Weber, Karsten T1 - Einwilligungsfähig oder nicht? Zur Praxis der Prüfung von Einwilligungsfähigkeit im klinischen Alltag und deren Herausforderungen JF - Zeitschrift für Evidenz Fortbildung und Qualität im Gesundheitswesen N2 - Die Einwilligungsfähigkeit (EWF) von Patient*innen ist eine unabdingbare Voraussetzung der informierten Zustimmung zu medizinischen Maßnahmen. Im Fall von Zweifeln an der EWF ist daher eine sorgfältige ärztliche Prüfung und Beurteilung erforderlich. Trotz einer breiten theoretischen Diskussion über die Konzeption von EWF sowie mögliche Vorgehensweisen zu ihrer Prüfung mangelt es im klinischen Alltag oft an verbindlichen standardisierten Verfahrensvorgaben, sodass die Ergebnisse der EWF-Einschätzung interdisziplinär wie interindividuell uneinheitlich ausfallen. Um die Qualität der EWF-Beurteilung verbessern zu können, bedarf es daher genauerer Kenntnisse über die Praxis sowie Schwierigkeiten bei der Prüfung von EWF. Mit dem Ziel, einen Einblick in die konkreten Vorgehensweisen und Schwierigkeiten von Klinikärzt*innen bei der Beurteilung der EWF zu erlangen, wurde eine explorative Telefonumfrage durchgeführt, in der die Teilnehmer*innen nach der Gewichtung der einzelnen Voraussetzungen von EWF sowie den Schwierigkeiten bei deren Prüfung befragt wurden. Methoden Im Rahmen eines „convenience samplings“ wurden fragebogenbasierte strukturierte Telefon-Interviews mit 26 an deutschen Kliniken tätigen Ärzt*innen aus den Fachbereichen Neurologie, Anästhesiologie, Chirurgie, Innere Medizin, Gynäkologie und rekonstruktive/ästhetische Chirurgie durchgeführt. Die Antworten wurden im Paper-and-Pencil-Verfahren dokumentiert, Antworten auf offene Fragen mit Hilfe thematischer Codierungen zusammengefasst und computergestützt ausgewertet. Ergebnisse Die Mehrheit der Befragten gab manchmal bis sehr häufig vorkommende Zweifel an der EWF ihrer Patient*innen an, wobei deren Prüfung vornehmlich in individueller Vorgehensweise ohne formalisierte, standardisierte Vorgaben erfolgte. In der Frage nach der Gewichtung der sieben im Fragebogen vorgeschlagenen kognitiv sowie emotional basierten Beurteilungskriterien wurden diese überwiegend innerhalb des Spektrums von „teilweise wichtig“ bis „sehr wichtig“ beurteilt. Schwierigkeiten bei der Beurteilung wurden in Bezug auf die Patient*innen selbst, das Verhältnis zwischen Ärzt*innen und Patient*innen sowie die Situation der Beurteilung angegeben. Die Wahrnehmung von Schwierigkeiten bei der Prüfung erfolgt dabei offenbar unabhängig von der Relevanz, die dem jeweiligen Kriterium für die EWF zugeschrieben wird. Diskussion und Schlussfolgerung Insgesamt zeigen die Ergebnisse eine hohe Zustimmung zu der Relevanz der abgefragten sieben EWF-Kriterien, allerdings wurden zugleich diverse Schwierigkeiten bei ihrer tatsächlichen Überprüfung deutlich. Ein Teil der Befragten wünscht sich mehr Unterstützung bei der Bestimmung der EWF. Die Befragungsergebnisse stützen die Forderung, dass in diesem sensiblen medizinischen Kontext eine präzise Ausbildung und ausreichende zeitliche Ressourcen unbedingt erforderlich sind. KW - Capacity to consent KW - Physicians KW - Assessment KW - Interviews KW - Structured questionnaires KW - Einwilligungsfähigkeit KW - Beurteilung KW - Ärzt*innen KW - Interviews KW - Strukturierte Fragebögen Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.zefq.2022.04.030 VL - 171 IS - August SP - 20 EP - 30 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Maurer, Julia A1 - Saibold, Anna A1 - Gerl, Katharina A1 - Koller, Michael A1 - Kölbl, Oliver A1 - Pukrop, Tobias A1 - Windschuettl, Sandra A1 - Einhell, Sabine A1 - Herrmann-Johns, Anne A1 - Raptis, Georgios A1 - Mueller, Karolina T1 - Systematic development of a patient-reported ONCOlogical-ROUTinE-Screening (ONCO-ROUTES) procedure at the University Cancer Center Regensburg JF - Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology N2 - Purpose The evaluation of treatment success and progression in oncology patient-reported outcomes (PROs) is playing an increasingly important role. Meanwhile, PROs are a component of the certification requirements of the German Cancer Society for oncology centers. PROs are used to provide supportive therapy. There is currently no instrument that fully covers the requirements. At the University Hospital Regensburg (UKR), a digital ONCOlogical-ROUTinE-Screening (ONCO-ROUTES) procedure was developed in order to assess the need for supportive therapy in a standardized way and to provide patients with supportive interventions tailored to their needs. Methods On the basis of current requirements and guidelines, the development of ONCO-ROUTES was supported by experts in focus groups and interviews, and digitalization was carried out in connection with the IT infrastructure. Results A Needs-based, Quality-of-life (QoL) and Symptoms Screening (NQS2) tool already established in the routine at the UKR was further developed into ONCO-ROUTES, which is made up of the domains therapy phase, nutrition, tobacco use, alcohol use, quality of life, general condition/functional status, physical activity, psychooncology, social services, and further support needs. By linking the digitized questionnaire to the hospital information system, the results are available for immediate use in routine operations and thus for the referral of patients for further supportive therapy. Conclusion The digital PRO application ONCO-ROUTES is designed to involve patients in monitoring additional supportive needs and thus, improves supportive interdisciplinary treatment. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00432-024-05955-4 SN - 1432-1335 VL - 150 IS - 9 PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lauf, Wolfgang A1 - Schmieder, G. A1 - Volynec, I. A. T1 - The automorphism space Σ(G) of a domain without punctiform prime ends JF - The Journal of Geometric Analysis N2 - Let G ⊆ ℂ be a simply connected domain and let Σ (G) be its group of conformal automorphisms with the topology of uniform chordal convergence on G. In 1984 Gaier raised the question whether the connectedness of the space Σ (G) implies that the domain G has only punctiform prime ends. As a contribution to answering this question in this paper the authors use suitable spike Junctions to construct a bounded domain without any punctiform prime end such that its automorphism space Σ (G) is not discrete, but totally disconnected. KW - automorphism group KW - boundary behavior KW - complex approximation KW - conformal mapping KW - connectedness KW - total disconnectedness KW - prime ends Y1 - 2000 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02921993 SN - 1050-6926 VL - 10 IS - 4 SP - 697 EP - 712 PB - Springer ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Greiner, Nina A1 - Currle, Edda A1 - Ettl, Katrin A1 - Frommeld, Debora A1 - Haug, Sonja A1 - Kudienko, Natalie A1 - Lauer, Norina A1 - Lichtenauer, Norbert A1 - Meussling-Sentpali, Annette A1 - Middel, Luise A1 - Mohr, Christa A1 - Pfingsten, Andrea A1 - Popp, Christof A1 - Raptis, Georgios A1 - Weber, Karsten T1 - Technik im Alltag – Technik zum Leben : Telepräsenzgestützte Pflege und Therapie bei Schlaganfallpatient*innen T2 - Kann Digital Pflege?: Clusterkonferenz ,,Zukunft der Pflege", 3., September 2020, Nürnberg N2 - Vorgestellt wird das Forschungsvorhaben des interdisziplinären Forschungsprojekts „DeinHaus 4.0 – Telepräsenzroboter für die Pflege und Unterstützung von Schlaganfallpatientinnen und -patienten (TePUS)“. Über geeignete Robotersysteme sollen den Proband*innen individuell abgestimmte Angebote aus den Bereichen Telenursing und Teletherapie zur Verfügung gestellt werden. Hierbei werden einerseits Telepräsenzsitzungen durchgeführt, anderseits kommen verschiedene Apps zum Einsatz. Die Interventionen werden mittels eines Mixed-Methods-Ansatzes evaluiert. Begleitend werden Technikakzeptanz und Nutzungsbereitschaft untersucht. T2 - Technology in Everyday Life - Technology for Living : Telenursing and Telepractice for Stroke Patients KW - Schlaganfall KW - Schlaganfall KW - Patient KW - Roboter KW - Telepräsenz KW - Telemedizin KW - Telepräsenzroboter KW - Telenursing KW - Teletherapie KW - Technikakzeptanz Y1 - 2021 UR - https://pflege-professionell.at/konferenz SN - 2710-3048 VL - Konferenzband Teil 1 SP - 57 EP - 61 CY - Königstetten, Österreich ER - TY - INPR A1 - Frummet, Alexander A1 - Slany, Emanuel A1 - Amling, Jonas A1 - Lang, Moritz A1 - Scheele, Stephan T1 - Explainable information retrieval in the audit domain N2 - Conversational agents such as Microsoft Copilot and Google Gemini assist users with complex search tasks but often generate misleading or fabricated references. This undermines trust, particularly in high-stakes domains such as medicine and finance. Explainable information retrieval (XIR) aims to address this by making search results more transparent and interpretable. While most XIR research is domain-agnostic, this paper focuses on auditing -- a critical yet underexplored area. We argue that XIR systems can support auditors in completing their complex task. We outline key challenges and future research directions to advance XIR in this domain. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2507.03479 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weber, Karsten A1 - Frommeld, Debora A1 - Gerhards, Helene A1 - Krug, Henriette A1 - Kokott, Linda Ellen A1 - Bittner, Uta T1 - Speaking about enhancement – methodological issues and historical examples JF - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/21507740.2020.1831650 VL - 11 IS - 4 SP - 254 EP - 256 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Mühlhausen, Sara A1 - Gomez, Sarah A1 - Lauer, Norina A1 - Baumann, Timo ED - Grawunder, Sven T1 - Cross lingual transfer learning does not improve aphasic speech recognition T2 - Elektronische Sprachsignalverarbeitung 2025: Tagungsband der 36. Konferenz Halle/Saale, 05.–07. MÄRZ 2025 N2 - In addressing the particular linguistic challenges posed by patients suffering from aphasia, a language disorder, this paper proposes a fine-tuning approach to enhance the speech recognition capabilities of existing models. The available aphasic research data in German is highly limited. To address this constraint, we propose a cross-lingual transfer approach to utilize English data to improve performance in German. This advancement aims to support the development of a therapy platform tailored for patients with aphasia. For the base speech recognition model, we choose to use OpenAI’s Whisper model, and for fine-tuning, we make use of TalkBank’s AphasiaBank. The experimental findings demonstrate that the transcription of aphasic audio with Whisper is less successful than non-aphasic audio. However, fine-tuning the transcription in the respective language resulted in an enhancement of its quality. In contrast, fine-tuning the transcription in another language and expecting a transfer of the learned aphasic speech properties led to a deterioration in its quality. KW - Automatische Spracherkennung KW - Sprachdialogsystem KW - Aphasie Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-80518 UR - https://www.essv.de/pdf/2025_77_84.pdf SN - 978-3-95908-803-9 SN - 0940-6832 PB - TUDpress CY - Dresden ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ebner, Andrea A1 - Frikel, Jürgen A1 - Lorenz, Dirk A1 - Schwab, J. A1 - Haltmeier, Markus T1 - Regularization of inverse problems by filtered diagonal frame decomposition JF - Applied and Computational Harmonic Analysis N2 - Inverse problems are at the heart of many practical problems such as image reconstruction or nondestructive testing. A characteristic feature is their instability with respect to data perturbations. To stabilize the inversion process, regularization methods must be developed and applied. In this paper, we introduce the concept of filtered diagonal frame decomposition, which extends the classical filtered SVD to the case of frames. The use of frames as generalized singular systems allows a better match to a given class of potential solutions and is also beneficial for problems where the SVD is not analytically available. We show that filtered diagonal frame decompositions yield convergent regularization methods, derive convergence rates under source conditions and prove order optimality. Our analysis applies to bounded and unbounded forward operators. As a practical application of our tools, we study filtered diagonal frame decompositions for inverting the Radon transform as an unbounded operator on L2(R2). Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acha.2022.08.005 N1 - Preprint unter: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2008.06219.pdf OPUS-Einrag unter: https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-oth-regensburg/admin/document/edit/id/2290 VL - 62 IS - January SP - 66 EP - 83 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - GEN ED - Barton, Thomas ED - Herrmann, Frank ED - Meister, Vera G. ED - Müller, Christian ED - Seel, Christian T1 - Angewandte Forschung in der Wirtschaftsinformatik: Prozesse, Technologien, Anwendungen, Systeme und Management BT - Tagungsband zur 29. AKWI-Fachtagung am 12.09.2016 an der Technische Hochschule Brandenburg, 2016, Germany KW - Wirtschaftsinformatik Y1 - 2016 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-2767 PB - mana-Buch CY - Heide ER - TY - GEN ED - Barton, Thomas ED - Herrmann, Frank ED - Meister, Vera G. ED - Müller, Christian ED - Seel, Christian T1 - Angewandte Forschung in der Wirtschaftsinformatik: Prozesse, Technologien, Anwendungen, Systeme und Management BT - Tagungsband zur 30. AKWI-Jahrestagung vom 17.09.2017 bis 20.09.2017 an der Hochschule Aschaffenburg Y1 - 2017 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-2785 PB - mana-Buch CY - Heide ER - TY - GEN ED - Barton, Thomas ED - Herrmann, Frank ED - Meister, Vera G. ED - Müller, Christian ED - Seel, Christian ED - Steffens, Ulrike T1 - Angewandte Forschung in der Wirtschaftsinformatik BT - Tagungsband zur 31. AKWI-Jahrestagung vom 09.09.2018 bis 12.09.2018 an der Hochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften Hamburg KW - Wirtschaftsinformatik Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-2809 PB - mana-Buch CY - Heide ER - TY - GEN ED - Wolf, Martin R. ED - Barton, Thomas ED - Herrmann, Frank ED - Meister, Vera G. ED - Müller, Christian ED - Seel, Christian T1 - Angewandte Forschung in der Wirtschaftsinformatik 2019 BT - Tagungsband zur 32. AKWI-Jahrestagung vom 15.09.2019 bis 18.09.2019 an der Fachhochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften Aachen KW - Wirtschaftsinformatik Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-2864 PB - mana-Buch CY - Heide ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Göppel, Simon A1 - Frikel, Jürgen A1 - Haltmeier, Markus ED - Palm, Christoph ED - Breininger, Katharina ED - Deserno, Thomas M. ED - Handels, Heinz ED - Maier, Andreas ED - Maier-Hein, Klaus H. ED - Tolxdorff, Thomas M. T1 - Data-proximal Neural Networks for Limited-view CT T2 - Bildverarbeitung für die Medizin 2025 : Proceedings, German Conference on Medical Image Computing, Regensburg March 09-11, 2025 N2 - Limited-angle computed tomography (CT) requires solving an inverse problem that is both ill-conditioned and underdetermined. In recent years, learned reconstruction methods have proven highly effective in addressing this challenge. Most of these methods follow a two-step process: first, an initial reconstruction method is applied to the data to generate an auxiliary reconstruction; second, a neural network is used to map the auxiliary reconstruction closer to the ground truth images. However, when applied to unseen data, there are no guarantees that the network’s output will remain consistent with the available measurement data. To address this, we recently introduced a data-proximal network architecture. In this paper, we implement this approach for limited-angle CT and compare its performance with a standard residual network and a null space network. Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-658-47421-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-47422-5_41 SP - 185 EP - 190 PB - Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden CY - Wiesbaden ER -