TY - CHAP A1 - Westner, Markus T1 - Video-enhanced lectures in high-teaching-load environments with limited resources BT - benefits and challenges for lecturers and students T2 - Proceddings of the 11th International Technology, Education and Development Conference (INTED 2017), Valencia, Spain. 6-8 March N2 - Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) have been gaining a lot of attention in the last years. Those courses and their videos are often professionally produced and incorporate a significant investment of time and financial resources. In many cases such courses are “flagship” productions of the associated school or university and produced with budgets lecturers in other institutions do not have available. This makes the use of videos in a regular teaching environment challenging. In addition, lecturers often act in high-teaching-load environments further tightening their capacity constraints. This raises the question whether and how lecturers can benefit from videos in their lectures for increased teaching effectiveness while not sacrificing teaching efficiency. The paper at hand attempts to address this question by providing a critical perspective on the use of videos in a high-teaching-load environment characterized by little financial and staff resource availability. The paper thereby builds upon the three years’ experience of its author in using videos to enhance lectures in German tertiary education institutions in a multi-language, i.e., English and German, teaching environment. The presented findings are both relevant for teaching practice and research: lecturers may benefit from the presented ideas and experiences and may adopt them for their teaching. Researchers may find starting points for new research opportunities on the effectiveness and efficiency of video-enhanced lecturing and learning. The paper is organized as follows. Section 2 describes the context of the study from an institutional and technological perspective. Section 3 outlines the methodology applied and 4 how data was collected. Results from data analysis are presented in section 5. The paper concludes with a reflective summary and outlook in section 6. KW - Hochschulbildung KW - Massive Open Online Course KW - Videos KW - Screencasts Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.21125/inted.2017.0168 SP - 197 EP - 207 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Westner, Markus A1 - Kennedy, F. A1 - Furlong, A. T1 - Global student collaboration through international blended learning T2 - Proceedings of the 10th Annual International Conference of Education, Research and Innovation (ICERI2017), Seville, Spain. 16-18 November N2 - In today’s business, collaboration in globally distributed teams becomes more and more common. This is particularly the case in professional services and information systems (IS) where the immaterial nature of services makes globally distributed service creation easily possible. Consequently, companies expect that graduates have intercultural skills and that they are able to work in globally distributed teams, especially in professional services like consulting or in IS. However, management or IS curriculums often lack courses that teach those respective skills. The suggested course attempts to fill this gap through an innovative course design and delivery. The course intends to replicate a professional project environment in which the students are supposed to deliver a project as a joint international team. In the beginning of the course, students learn key aspects of project management, intercultural management, distributed collaboration, and the professional services industry in a self-paced manner through video lectures. Then they form teams, plan their project, and subsequently execute their project plan jointly. Instructors from the participating institutions supervise and coach the students. The project execution is supposed to resemble a business project with a meeting schedule, agreed deliverables, regular steering committees in which the instructors play the role of the clients. This paper outlines the concept of this international blended-teaching course. It suggests potential learning objectives, a course description, a teaching syllabus, and an assessment framework. KW - Blended learning KW - Global collaboration KW - Distributed teams KW - Integriertes Lernen KW - Internationale Kooperation KW - Virtuelles Team Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.21125/iceri.2017.2030 SP - 7625 EP - 7631 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Kobus, Jörn A1 - Westner, Markus T1 - Lean Management of IT Organizations BT - A Literature Review T2 - Proceedings of the 19th Pacific Asia Conference in Information Systems (PACIS 2015), Singapore, Jul 5-9 N2 - Lean Management has been successfully applied by companies around the world, mainly in production/manufacturing functions. Recently, the interest to investigate a wider application of Lean Management especially in service functions increased. However, it is not clear how Lean Management can be applied to IT organizations. Therefore, this study aims to provide an overview on common characteristics and future research directions. A literature review on existing scholarly research from January 2004 to June 2014 is conducted. Using a database-driven search approach, a total of 1,206 research contributions are found of which 49 were identified as relevant. Results indicate a low theory grounding of mostly formulative and interpretative research items. This implies that research on Lean Management of IT organizations is still at its nascent state. Content-wise, five research themes emerge. The majority of research investigates IT organizations in a role to support Lean Management in production/manufacturing functions (determining “what to work on”), therefore more research on how Lean Management can be applied to IT organizations themselves (determining “how to work”) could be beneficial. Future research could also try to build on Change Management theories, as the implementation of Lean Management is of transformational character. KW - Lean Management KW - Lean IT KW - Information technology KW - Information systems KW - Lean knowledge work KW - Lean services KW - Application development KW - Application maintenance KW - Infrastructure services KW - Lean Management KW - Informationstechnik Y1 - 2015 UR - https://aisel.aisnet.org/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1084&context=pacis2015 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Kobus, Jörn A1 - Westner, Markus T1 - Lean Management of IT Organizations BT - Implementation Success Factors and Theoretical Foundation T2 - Proceedings of the 21th Americas Conference on Information Systems (AMCIS 2015), Puerto Rico, August 13-15 N2 - Lean Management has been successfully applied in production/manufacturing functions since more than four decades. Recently, the interest to investigate Lean Management also in service functions increased. Therefore, this study aims to (1) Consolidate critical success factors (CSFs) for the implementation of Lean Management of IT organizations; and (2) Describe a theoretical foundation for these CSFs. With respect to (1) a database-driven search was conducted. CSFs then were extracted and categorized. In total 13 CSF groups were assigned to three dimensions: Mindset and behavior; Organization and skills; and Process facilitation and performance management. To understand underlying mechanisms better, and with respect to (2) we related existing (IS) theory to identified groups of CSFs. Especially, five theoretical concepts are discussed: Absorptive capacity, Agency theory, Cognitive dissonance, Dynamic capabilities, and System dynamics. Future research needs to validate the results of (1) and (2) empirically in IT functions. KW - Lean Management KW - Lean IT KW - Information technology KW - Information systems KW - critical success factors KW - Lean knowledge work KW - Lean services KW - Application development KW - Application maintenance KW - Infrastructure services KW - Lean Management KW - Informationstechnik KW - Erfolgsfaktor Y1 - 2015 UR - https://aisel.aisnet.org/amcis2015/StrategicUse/GeneralPresentations/3/ SP - 1 EP - 17 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Westner, Markus T1 - Antecedents of success in IS offshoring projects BT - Proposal for an empirical research study T2 - Proceedings of the 17th European Conference on Information Systems (ECIS 2009), Verona N2 - The paper presents a research model and a measurement instrument for a research-in-progress study on the antecedents of success in IS offshoring projects. In this empirical-confirmatory study, we intend to analyse the impact of the constructs “offshoring expertise”, “trust in offshore service provider”, “project suitability”, “knowledge transfer”, and “liaison quality” on offshore project success. Constructs and indicators are derived from an extensive literature review. We plan to formulate a structural equation model and to test it using partial least squares (PLS) as an analysis technique. Our research model addresses the paucity of research that quantitatively examines offshoring success. KW - Informationstechnik KW - Offshoring KW - Methode der partiellen kleinsten Quadrate KW - Offshoring KW - Outsourcing KW - Project success KW - Partial least squares Y1 - 2009 UR - https://aisel.aisnet.org/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1272&context=ecis2009 SP - 3104 EP - 3116 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Westner, Markus T1 - IS offshoring BT - essays on project suitability and success N2 - Information systems (IS) offshoring describes the transfer of IS services to an offshoring service provider in a near or far away country. It has received growing attention in the past and there is a strong momentum in shifting IS services abroad. Markus Westner examines the IS offshoring phenomenon from the perspective of German companies. He first provides an overview of the current literature in the field of IS offshoring. Based on interviews with 47 industry experts, evaluation criteria for selecting projects for offshoring are identified. Finally, the author examines determinants of IS offshore project success in German companies based on a statistical analysis of 304 projects using structural equation modeling (PLS). KW - Informationssystem KW - Offshoring KW - Beschaffung KW - IT Strategie KW - Internationale Arbeitsteilung KW - Nearshoring KW - Offshore KW - Offshoring KW - Modeling Y1 - 2010 SN - 978-3-8349-2046-1 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-8349-8407-4 PB - Gabler CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Westner, Markus T1 - Information systems offshoring BT - A review of the literature KW - Informationstechnik KW - Offshoring Y1 - 2007 UR - https://fis.tu-dresden.de/portal/de/publications/information-systems-offshoring--a-review-of-the-literature(9fa44cab-24a3-4150-9ed0-cd73bec92d17).html CY - Dresden ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Westner, Markus ED - Picot, Arnold ED - Fischer, Tim T1 - Übersicht über aktuelle Weblog-Skripte und -Services T2 - Weblogs professionell : Grundlagen, Konzepte und Praxis im unternehmerischen Umfeld KW - Kommunikation KW - Unternehmen KW - Weblog KW - Wissensmanagement Y1 - 2007 SN - 978-3898643757 SP - 175 EP - 190 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Strahringer, Susanne A1 - Westner, Markus A1 - Kobus, Jörn T1 - Lean IT BT - Lean Management in IT-Organisationen JF - WISU - Das Wirtschaftsstudium KW - Informationstechnik KW - Lean Management Y1 - 2017 IS - 1 SP - 87 EP - 92 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Westner, Markus A1 - Strasser, Artur T1 - IT-Offshoring JF - WISU - Das Wirtschaftsstudium KW - Informationsmanagement KW - Offshoring Y1 - 2014 IS - 5 SP - 650 EP - 652 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Westner, Markus A1 - Strahringer, Susanne T1 - Current state of IS offshoring research BT - A descriptive meta-analysis T2 - Mäkiö, Juho; Betz, Stefanie; Stephan, Rolf (Eds.): Offshoring of software development. Methods and tools for risk management. Karlsruhe: Universitätsverlag Karlsruhe N2 - This paper empirically examines the current state of the IS offshoring phenomenon in Germany regarding project characteristics and success patterns. Relying on a sample of 304 projects conducted at various industry sectors and companies, results show that IS offshoring primarily occurs in sectors Telecommunications and IT at large corporations. Cost reduction is the main reason for going offshore and offshore projects are executed as part of a larger program at companies. Noticeably, most projects are delivered from India. Additionally, neither captive offshoring nor offshore outsourcing dominates as a de-livery option. Comparing different project subgroups regarding project success, the results reveal that projects delivered by an internal or partially owned service provider are more successful. Other project characteristics such as a project’s embedded-ness in a larger offshoring program, a project’s size, or a project’s offshoring degree in terms of relatively offshored labor hours show few significant differences. The paper addresses the paucity of empirical research on the current state of the IS offshoring phenomenon in Germany. KW - Informationsmanagement KW - Offshoring KW - Erfolgsfaktor KW - Offshoring KW - Nearshoring KW - Informations systems sourcing KW - Outcome KW - Project success KW - Success factors Y1 - 2007 UR - http://jitm.ubalt.edu/XXI-1/article4.pdf SP - 7 EP - 22 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - von Bary, Benedikt A1 - Westner, Markus A1 - Strahringer, Susanne T1 - IT Backsourcing BT - Insights and Implications From a Global Survey With IT Practitioners JF - International Journal of IT/Business Alignment and Governance N2 - With the growing importance of IT as competitive advantage, companies aim to increase their digital transformation activities. Consequently, companies are also revisiting their existing IT sourcing arrangements. In the article at hand, the authors explore the concept of IT backsourcing by presenting the results from a quantitative online survey with global IT practitioners. The authors confirm that backsourcing is frequently applied in practice, with key reasons being dissatisfaction with service or relationship quality and higher than expected costs. Further, the authors identify IT services with an increased likelihood of being backsourced, e.g., application development or data center, and discuss the effect of a CIO change on the backsourcing decision. In addition, the authors show that there are differences in the perceptions on the antecedents and the results of backsourcing decisions between management and operational level. The authors conclude with practical implications for IT managers based on their findings. KW - Outsourcing KW - Backsourcing KW - Business-IT Alignment KW - CIO Change KW - Digital Transformation KW - Insourcing Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4018/IJITBAG.2019070102 VL - 10 IS - 2 PB - IGI Global ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kopper, Andreas A1 - Westner, Markus A1 - Strahringer, Susanne T1 - From Shadow IT to Business-managed IT: A qualitative comparative analysis to determine configurations for successful management of IT by business entities JF - Information Systems and e-Business Management N2 - Shadow IT describes covert/hidden IT systems that are managed by business entities themselves. Additionally, there are also overt forms in practice, so-called Business-managed IT, which share most of the characteristics of Shadow IT. To better understand this phenomenon, we interviewed 29 executive IT managers about positive and negative cases of Shadow IT and Business-managed IT. By applying qualitative comparative analysis (QCA), we derived four conditions that characterize these cases: Aligned, local, simple, and volatile. The results show that there are three sufficient configurations of conditions that lead to a positive outcome; one of them even encompasses Shadow IT. The most important solution indicates that IT systems managed by business entities are viewed as being positive if they are aligned with the IT department and limited to local requirements. This allows to balance local responsiveness to changing requirements and global standardization. In contrast, IT systems that are not aligned and permanent (and either organization-wide or simple) are consistently considered as negative. Our study is the first empirical quantitative–qualitative study to shed light on the success and failure of Shadow IT and Business-managed IT. KW - Informationsmanagement KW - Wirtschaftsinformatik KW - Business-managed IT KW - Shadow IT KW - IT governance KW - Qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10257-020-00472-6 VL - 18 IS - 2 SP - 209 EP - 257 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - von Bary, Benedikt A1 - Westner, Markus A1 - Strahringer, Susanne T1 - IT-Backsourcing BT - Empirische Erkenntnisse und Handlungsempfehlungen für eine erfolgreiche Re-Integration der IT-Serviceerbringung JF - HMD Praxis der Wirtschaftsinformatik N2 - IT-Backsourcing bezeichnet die Re-Integration vormals outgesourcter IT-Services zurück zum auslagernden Unternehmen. Die vorliegende Studie stellt die Ergebnisse einer Umfrage unter IT-Managern zu Einflussfaktoren von IT-Backsourcing-Entscheidungen vor. Es lässt sich feststellen, dass IT-Backsourcing von Unternehmen in unterschiedlichen Branchen und für eine Vielzahl an unterschiedlichen IT-Services, wie z. B. Applikationsentwicklung oder Infrastruktur-Leistungen, durchgeführt wird. Hauptgründe für die Entscheidung für ein IT-Backsourcing sind mangelnde Qualität, hohe Kosten sowie eine schlechte Beziehung zum IT-Dienstleister. Die Ergebnisse der Umfrage zeigen, dass diejenigen Unternehmen, die sich für ein Backsourcing entschieden haben, nach der Entscheidung insgesamt zufriedener waren als diejenigen, die in einer Outsourcing-Beziehung geblieben sind. Zudem werden verschiedene Handlungsempfehlungen für IT-Manager aufgezeigt. Zur Ausarbeitung einer zukunftsorientieren IT-Sourcing-Strategie empfiehlt es sich, eine service-spezifische Sourcing-Strategie zu verfolgen und entsprechend spezialisierte Dienstleister einzusetzen. Im Falle einer Entscheidung für ein IT-Backsourcing sollten verschiedene Erfolgsfaktoren beachtetet werden, wie z. B. eine frühzeitige Neubesetzung von Schlüsselstellen sowie ein lückenloser Wissenstransfer. KW - Betriebliches Informationssystem KW - Insourcing KW - Backsourcing KW - Insourcing KW - IT-Sourcing KW - Re-Integration KW - IT-Service Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1365/s40702-020-00591-1 VL - 57 IS - 4 SP - 849 EP - 865 PB - Springer ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Brosig, Christoph A1 - Westner, Markus A1 - Strahringer, Susanne T1 - Revisiting the Concept of IT Capabilities in the Era of Digitalization T2 - 2020 IEEE 22nd Conference on Business Informatics (CBI 2020): Antwerp, Belgium, 22-24 June 2020, proceedings N2 - In the era of digitalization, companies review how to build competitive advantage drawing on their capabilities. In this context, the paper revisits the concept of IT capabilities. We summarize the “canonical” body of literature to characterize how leading scholars conceptualized and differentiated IT capabilities and then we show how new types of IT capabilities (for example, rising from SMACIT technologies) relate to this. We find that the resource-based view is still leading in how to conceptualize IT capabilities. However, an alternative perspective on IT assets is emerging, looking at it from the angle of digital technologies as stacks. Digital technologies form the foundation for a new technology-driven perspective on IT capabilities. This new view complements the established differentiation of IT capabilities considering IT infrastructure flexibility, IT management, and IT personnel capability. Both perspectives describe the explorative and exploitative nature of IT capabilities. This paper helps scholars and practitioners to clearly distinguish different perspectives of IT capabilities on how to build a competitive advantage from IT today. KW - Digital technologies KW - IT capabilities KW - Resource-based view KW - Informationstechnik KW - Digitalisierung KW - Fähigkeit KW - Kompetenz KW - Ressourcenorientierter Ansatz KW - Wettbewerbsvorteil Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/CBI49978.2020.00017 SP - 84 EP - 93 PB - IEEE ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hillebrand, Patrick A1 - Westner, Markus T1 - Success factors of long-term CIOs JF - Information Systems and e-Business Management N2 - Although the average tenure of CIOs has increased over the last years, the majority of CIOs have been in their positions for only three years or less. Nevertheless, some CIOs have been successful in their position for a long time. In this study, we use tenure as a proxy for success as a CIO. The goal of this paper is to examine factors that are critical to the success of long-term CIOs. For this purpose, we created and analyzed resumes of 384 CIOs. Out of these 384, we conducted 19 interviews with CIOs from top-tier companies and collected and analyzed both qualitative and quantitative data. In the process, we were able to identify nine factors that are critical for the success (CSF) of CIOs. These factors fall into three categories. Category “Personality” includes “Accepting and embracing change” (CSF #1), “Being perseverant to pursue long-term goals” (CSF #2), “Anticipating the future through visionary thinking” (CSF #3), and “Being empathetic to deal with uncertainty felt by co-workers” (CSF #4). The “Role Fulfilment” category includes “Cross-functional involvement and integration of the IT organization” (CSF #5), “Positioning and restructuring of the IT organization” (CSF #6), and “Well-connected and communicative leadership” (CSF #7). The “Organizational Environment” category consists of “Availability of skilled workforce” (CSF #8) and “Reporting line to the CEO” (CSF #9). CSFs 1, 2, and 3 were perceived as most important by the participating CIOs. The results may be of particular interest both to aspiring CIOs and equally their employing organizations, as they reflect what long-term CIOs value during their time in office. KW - Chief information officer KW - CIO tenure KW - Critical success factors KW - CIO roles KW - Interview-based exploratory mixed-method study Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10257-021-00546-z N1 - Corresponding Author: Markus Westner VL - 20 SP - 79 EP - 122 PB - Springer Nature ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wulf, Frederik A1 - Westner, Markus A1 - Strahringer, Susanne T1 - Cloud Computing Adoption: A Literature Review on What Is New and What We Still Need to Address JF - Communications of the Association for Information Systems N2 - Research on cloud computing (CC) recently emerged congruently with the technology’s importance for organizations at a fast pace. This makes it difficult for practitioners to obtain a consolidated overview of what determines CC adoption based on the numerous papers in this regard. Moreover, for further research in the field to add value, it is necessary to identify what still needs to be addressed. In this vein, we conducted a descriptive review of 39 papers, integrating the results of a previous review on 23 papers from 2014, to compare findings across studies. We identify 44 determinant factors that exhibit consistent directional influence on the dependent meta-variable “CC adoption”, extending previous literature reviews with regard to asset, client, and environmental characteristics. We then critically reviewed the research landscape to identify what is there, and what is not yet covered: Future research should specifically regard the adoption of Infrastructure-, Platform-, and Everything-as-a-Service, private, hybrid, and multi-cloud deployment, investigate vendor, solution, and individual characteristics, analyzing information systems, or the decision-maker. KW - Cloud Computing KW - Literaturbericht Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.17705/1CAIS.04843 SN - 1529-3181 VL - 48 IS - 1 SP - 523 EP - 561 PB - Association for Information Systems, AIS ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wulf, Frederik A1 - Westner, Markus A1 - Schön, Maximilian A1 - Strahringer, Susanne A1 - Loebbecke, Claudia T1 - Cloud-Computing-Nutzung bei der Continental AG JF - Wirtschaftsinformatik & Management N2 - Dieser Artikel richtet sich an IT-Führungskräfte, die die Nutzung von Cloud Computing (CC) in ihren Unternehmen fördern wollen. Eine Fallstudie des Konzerns Continental AG zeigt, wie Continental CC in großem Maßstab für die Organisation nutzbar machte. Das Unternehmen ging dabei in drei Schritten vor: Nach einer Experimentierphase wurde der Einsatz zunehmend professionalisiert und CC abschließend umfangreich nutzbar gemacht. Hieraus können drei Hand-lungsempfehlungen für Führungskräfte abgeleitet werden: (1) die CC-Strategie nach dem Delivery-Modell differenzieren, (2) in die Integration von Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS)- und Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS)-Anbietern investieren und (3) den Wissenstransfer innerhalb des Unternehmens fördern, um Veränderungen zu ermöglichen. KW - Cloud Computing KW - Unternehmen Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1365/s35764-021-00342-x SN - 1867-5905 VL - 13 IS - 4 SP - 302 EP - 309 PB - Springer Nature ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Klotz, Stefan A1 - Kratzer, Simon A1 - Westner, Markus A1 - Strahringer, Susanne T1 - Literary Sketches in Information Systems Research: Conceptualization and Guidance for Using Vignettes as a Narrative Form JF - Information Systems Management N2 - This paper analyzes the usage of vignettes as a narrative form in information systems (IS) research. A review of 48 papers from IS top journals with 119 vignettes exposes the versatile usage of vignettes as a narrative form and shows their usefulness in research communication. The paper conceptualizes vignette usage through a taxonomy and archetypes. To support the future dissemination of this useful narrative technique, it further derives recommendations and guidance for scholars. KW - vignette KW - taxonomy KW - archetype KW - vignette study Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/10580530.2021.1996661 SN - 1934-8703 VL - 39 IS - 4 SP - 345 EP - 362 PB - Taylor&Francis ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hassmann, Tobias A1 - Westner, Markus ED - Ganzha, M. ED - Maciaszek, L. ED - Paprzycki, M. ED - Ślęzak, D. T1 - Conceptualizing sustainability in the context of ICT. A literature review analysis T2 - Communication Papers of the 18th Conference on Computer Science and Intelligence Systems (FedCSIS 2023), Warsaw, Poland, 17–20 September, 2023 N2 - This paper examines the conceptualization of sustainability in the context of information and communication technology (ICT) research. Through an inductive text analysis of sixteen literature reviews spanning from 2014 to 2023, key themes and concepts are identified, highlighting the complex relationship between ICT and sustainability. ICT is perceived both as an enabler and a problem for sustainability. Furthermore, the terminology and concept of sustainability in the context of ICT remain unclear. The emergence of digitalization as a novel socio-technical phenomenon poses additional challenges for conceptual alignment. While a holistic view of sustainability in ICT is desired, business and social implications receive less attention. The paper summarizes and discusses the developments in research on this topic over the past decade. KW - digital sustainability KW - digital transformation and sustainability KW - sustainability by ICT KW - Sustainability in ICT Y1 - 2023 SN - 978-83-967447-8-4 U6 - https://doi.org/10.15439/2023F5720 SN - 2300-5963 SP - 121 EP - 129 PB - Warsaw University of Technology ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Westner, Markus A1 - von Bary, Benedikt A1 - Strahringer, Susanne T1 - Do Researchers Investigate what Practitioners Deem Relevant? Gaps Between Research and Practice in the Field of Information Systems Backsourcing T2 - 20th IEEE International Conference on Business Informatics (CBI) N2 - There is a common understanding amongst academics that information systems (IS) research sometimes has limited relevance for practitioners. This can be explained by the fact that research lags behind the fast moving IS environment, has limited practical applicability and is hard to access. We have focused on the research area of IS backsourcing, and analyzed practitioner literature to increase our understanding of topics of interest for practitioners, to determine a potential gap between academic and practitioner literature, and to identify future research directions in this field. We observed that most publications are either news or background articles, focusing on describing backsourcing cases. Additionally, we identified four recurring themes, namely reasons for backsourcing, presentation of survey results, discussion of industry trends, and backsourcing success stories. The main reasons identified to trigger backsourcing decisions are cost savings, quality improvements, and increasing control and flexibility. By comparing our findings with academic literature on IS backsourcing, we conclude that generally both literature types cover similar topics. However, researchers have a more formulative or interpretive focus than the often descriptive practitioner literature. Academic literature also examines a broader range of topics, while practitioner literature has a narrower focus. Additionally, we observe one difference regarding applied terminology: while researchers employ the term backsourcing, practitioners mostly use back in-house or insourcing. Our paper contributes to facilitating the exchange between academics and practitioners, presents topics to consider when aiming to increase practical relevance and provides researchers with concrete directions for future research within the field of IS backsourcing. KW - business data processing KW - globalisation KW - information systems KW - outsourcing Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/CBI.2018.00014 SP - 40 EP - 49 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Kopper, Andreas A1 - Furstenau, Daniel A1 - Zimmermann, Stephan A1 - Rentrop, Christopher A1 - Rothe, Hannes A1 - Strahringer, Susanne A1 - Westner, Markus T1 - Business-managed IT: A conceptual framework and empirical illustration T2 - 26. European Conference on Information Systems (ECIS 2018), Protsmouth, UK N2 - Research on Shadow IT is facing a conceptual dilemma in cases where previously “covert” systems developed by business entities (individual users, business workgroups, or business units) are integrated in the organizational IT management. These systems become visible, are therefore not “in the shadows” anymore, and subsequently do not fit to existing definitions of Shadow IT. Practice shows that some information systems share characteristics of Shadow IT, but are created openly in alignment with the IT department. This paper therefore proposes the term “Business- managed IT” to describe “overt” information systems developed or managed by business entities. We distinguish Business- managed IT from Shadow IT by illustrating case vignettes. Accordingly, our contribution is to suggest a concept and its delineation against other concepts. In this way, IS researchers interested in IT originated from or maintained by business entities can construct theories with a wider scope of application that are at the same time more specific to practical problems. In addition, value-laden terminology is complemented by a vocabulary that values potentially innovative developments by business entities more adequately. From a practical point of view, the distinction can be used to discuss the distribution of task responsibilities for information systems. KW - Business-managed IT KW - IT Governance. KW - Shadow IT Y1 - 2018 UR - https://aisel.aisnet.org/ecis2018_rp/77/ ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Westner, Markus A1 - Kratzer, Simon A1 - Drechsler, Andreas A1 - Strahringer, Susanne T1 - The Fractional CIO in SMEs: conceptualization and research agenda JF - Information Systems and e-Business Management N2 - We conceptualize the new phenomenon of the Fractional Chief InformationOfficer (CIO) as a part-time executive who usually works for more than one pri-marily small- to medium-sized enterprise (SME) and develop promising avenuesfor future research on Fractional CIOs. We conduct an empirical study by drawingon semi-structured interviews with 40 individuals from 10 different countries whooccupy a Fractional CIO role. We derive a definition for the Fractional CIO, dis-tinguish it from other forms of employment, and compare it with existing researchon CIO roles. Further, we find four salient engagement types of Fractional CIOsoffering value for SMEs in various situations: Strategic IT management, Restruc-turing, Rapid scaling, and Hands-on support. The results reveal similarities withexisting CIO roles as well as novel insights concerning the different engagementtypes. Lastly, we propose a research agenda for the Fractional CIO field, based onfour research themes derived from existing CIO research and insights from theinterviews. KW - Fractional CIO KW - Virtual CIO KW - IT leadership KW - Part-time management KW - SMEs KW - Small businesses KW - Interim management Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10257-022-00557-4 VL - 20 SP - 581 EP - 611 PB - Springer ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Brosig, Christoph A1 - Strahringer, Susanne A1 - Westner, Markus T1 - From selling machinery to hybrid offerings BT - Organizational impact of digital servitization on manufacturing firms JF - International Journal of Information Systems and Project Management N2 - The transition towards services has been imperative for manufacturing firms for years. The change from a productoriented to a more service-dominant business model affects the organizational structure of firms. However, literature provides limited insights into how manufacturing firms organize themselves in this transition. Even though digital technologies are critical for the transition, it is unclear how to orchestrate digital and traditional Information Technology (IT) resources in manufacturing firms accordingly. We analyze the case of a typical manufacturing firm that has adjusted its structure to reorganize for solution offerings based on product, service, and digital components. Our results describe a hybrid organizational structure that splits front- and back-end units. The back-end units are split along solution components. Digital IT resources are internalized and governed decentrally, with traditional IT resources being outsourced and steered centrally. Our findings contribute to digital servitization research by clarifying the overarching as well as the digital and traditional IT-related organization for manufacturing firms. KW - digital servitization KW - manufacturing firm KW - organizational structure KW - digital technologies KW - service-dominant logic Y1 - 2022 UR - https://ijispm.sciencesphere.org/archive/ijispm-100301.pdf U6 - https://doi.org/10.12821/ijispm100301 SN - 2182-7788 VL - 10 IS - 3 SP - 5 EP - 27 PB - SciKA ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Westner, Markus A1 - Fuhrmann, Thomas T1 - Internationale Gastdozierende virtuell und vor Ort JF - Die Neue Hochschule Y1 - 2017 UR - https://www.hlb.de/fileadmin/hlb-global/downloads/dnh/full/2017/DNH_2017-6.pdf SP - 6 PB - hlb Hochschullehrerbund e.V. ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Käss, Sebastian A1 - Godefroid, Marie A1 - Borghoff, Vincent A1 - Strahringer, Susanne A1 - Westner, Markus A1 - Plattfaut, Ralf T1 - Towards a taxonomy of concepts describing IT outside the IT department T2 - Australasian Conference on Information Systems 2021, Sydney N2 - Due to technological advances, IT is increasingly introduced and managed outside of (or even hidden from) an organisation's IT department. As a result, researchers and practitioners have created multiple concepts describing different facets and trends of this development. While the individual concepts typically focus on different aspects, there are overlaps between these concepts. This effect hampers research progress as it creates redundancies and separate streams of knowledge development. We propose a taxonomy of the concepts Lightweight IT, IT Consumerisation, Bring Your Own Device, Shadow IT, and Business-Managed IT to solve this research problem based on a systematic literature review. For this purpose, we derive characterising dimensions of each concept from existing studies and analyse literature according to the usage of terms. As a result, we can describe and delineate the concepts. Thus, we contribute a taxonomy of IT outside the IT department to improve the transfer of research results between research streams. KW - IT outside the IT KW - Shadow IT KW - Taxonomy KW - Lightweight IT KW - IT Consumerisation Y1 - 2021 UR - https://aisel.aisnet.org/acis2021/9/ ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Kopper, Andreas A1 - Strahringer, Susanne A1 - Westner, Markus T1 - Kontrollierte Nutzung von Schatten-IT T2 - IT-GRC-Management - Governance, Risk und Compliance N2 - Basierend auf einer systematischen und umfangreichen Analyse von Praxisbeiträgen zum Thema Schatten-IT und einer Interviewstudie mit 16 IT-Führungskräften beschreibt der vorliegende Artikel Governance-Aspekte zu diesem Phänomen. Er ergänzt damit vorhergehende akademische Studien. Es zeigt sich, dass unter Praktikern der Eindruck vorherrscht, dass IT-Abteilungen unter zunehmendem Druck stehen, schneller auf sich ändernde Anforderungen aus den Fachbereichen reagieren zu müssen. Können IT-Abteilungen diesen Erwartungen nicht entsprechen, beschaffen sich Fachbereiche und Nutzer selbst Lösungen in Form von Schatten-IT. Als mögliche Antwort darauf kann sich die IT-Abteilung agiler organisieren und die IT-Architektur im Unternehmen modernisieren. Eine weitere Möglichkeit besteht darin, sich das innovative Potenzial von Schatten-IT zunutze zu machen und deren Umsetzung aktiv durch organisatorische und technische Maßnahmen zu unterstützen. IT-Sicherheitsmanagement und technische Schutzmechanismen können helfen, die so entstandenen Lösungen abzusichern und die Risiken zu minimieren. Die IT-Abteilung könnte sich als Konsequenz aus all diesen Maßnahmen zu einem nutzerorientierten, internen Service-Provider und strategischen Partner für die Fachbereiche entwickeln. Y1 - 2017 SN - 978-3-658-20058-9 SN - 978-3-658-20059-6 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-20059-6_9 SP - 129 EP - 150 PB - Springer Vieweg CY - Wiesbaden ER -