TY - JOUR A1 - Maiwald, Frederik A1 - Kroth, Lea A1 - Geiger, René A1 - Schmitt, Bernhard A1 - Hierl, Stefan A1 - Schmidt, Michael T1 - Laser welding of polymer foils with spatially adapted intensity distributions JF - Joining Plastics N2 - Absorber-free laser transmission welding is characterized by its contactless energy input and geometricflexibility and enables the precise and clean joining of polymer films without absorbing additives or adhesives. It is therefore well suited for applications with high demands regarding process reliability and cleanliness such as packaging, fluid containersor as sealing film in medicaland food industry. A homogeneous weld seam temperature is necessary for a large processwindow. In this work, the naturally Gaussian-shaped intensity distributionof the laser beam is there foreconverted into a donut-shaped and a flat-top-shaped distribution. When using the donut-shape, the processwindow for welding polypropylene or polyethylene films is increased by up to a factor of 3. At the same time, the weld seam strength almost corresponds to the strength of the base material. KW - Laserschweissen KW - Kunststofffolie Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.53192/JP20250146 SN - 1864-3450 IS - 1 SP - 46 EP - 52 PB - DVS Media CY - Düsseldorf ER - TY - GEN A1 - Maiwald, Frederik A1 - Schulze, Julian A1 - Schmidt, Michael A1 - Hierl, Stefan T1 - In-situ optical coherence tomography for spatio-temporal analysis of melt pool crystallization in absorber-free laser transmission welding of polymers T2 - The 9th International Congress on Laser Advanced Materials Processing (LAMP2025), Ise-city, Mie-prefecture, Japan, June 10 to June 13, 2025 Y1 - 2025 PB - Japan Laser Processing Society ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Maiwald, Frederik A1 - Fries, Fabian A1 - Schulze, Julian A1 - Honnerová, Petra A1 - Hierl, Stefan A1 - Schmidt, Michael T1 - Optical coherence tomography for in situ weld seam monitoring in absorber-free laser transmission welding T2 - Laser Applications in Microelectronic and Optoelectronic Manufacturing (LAMOM) XXX, 25-31 January 2025, San Francisco, California, United States N2 - Optical and medical devices are frequently made of polymers and place high demands on precision, cleanliness, and reliability of the manufacturing processes used. Absorber-free laser transmission welding is well-suited for joining these devices: the energy input is contactless, no adhesives, additives, or absorbers are required, and the fiber lasers used enable precise weld seams. As the weld seam geometry is decisive for the joint strength and thus crucial for the quality of the product, the welding process is monitored in-situ using Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT). Subsequently, the weld seam geometry is identified automatically using the AI model "Segment Anything" (SAM), which performs semantic segmentation of the OCT data without requiring any training from the user. Welding tests using polyamide six indicate that the seam size is measured with an accuracy of a few hundredths of a millimeter, showing excellent agreement with microscopic images of microtome sections. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3040607 PB - SPIE ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Scheppach, Markus W. A1 - Mendel, Robert A1 - Muzalyova, Anna A1 - Rauber, David A1 - Probst, Andreas A1 - Nagl, Sandra A1 - Römmele, Christoph A1 - Yip, Hon Chi A1 - Lau, Louis Ho Shing A1 - Gölder, Stefan Karl A1 - Schmidt, Arthur A1 - Kouladouros, Konstantinos A1 - Abdelhafez, Mohamed A1 - Walter, Benjamin M. A1 - Meinikheim, Michael A1 - Chiu, Philip Wai Yan A1 - Palm, Christoph A1 - Messmann, Helmut A1 - Ebigbo, Alanna T1 - Artificial intelligence improves submucosal vessel detection during third space endoscopy JF - Endoscopy N2 - Background and study aims: While artificial intelligence (AI) shows high potential in decision support for diagnostic gastrointestinal endoscopy, its role in therapeutic endoscopy remains unclear. Third space endoscopic procedures pose the risk of intraprocedural bleeding. Therefore, we aimed to develop an AI algorithm for intraprocedural blood vessel detection. Patients and Methods: Using a test dataset with 101 standardized video clips containing 200 predefined submucosal blood vessels, 19 endoscopists were evaluated for the vessel detection rate (VDR) and time (VDT) with and without support of an AI algorithm. Test subjects were grouped according to experience in ESD. Results: With AI support, endoscopists VDR increased from 56.4% [CI 54.1–58.6] to 72.4% [CI 70.3–74.4]. Endoscopists‘ VDT dropped from 6.7sec [CI 6.2-7.1] to 5.2sec [CI 4.8-5.7]. False positive (FP) readings appeared in 4.5% of frames and were marked significantly shorter than true positives (6.0sec [CI 5.28-6.70] vs. 0.7sec [CI 0.55-0.87]). Conclusions: AI improved the vessel detection rate and time of endoscopists during third space endoscopy. While these data need to be corroborated by clinical trials, AI may prove to be an invaluable tool for the improvement of endoscopic interventions. KW - Artificial Intelligence KW - Third Space Endoscopy Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2534-1164 PB - Thieme CY - Stuttgart ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Broll, Alexander A1 - Hahnel, Sebastian A1 - Goldhacker, Markus A1 - Rossel, Jakob A1 - Schmidt, Michael A1 - Rosentritt, Martin T1 - Influence of digital crown design software on morphology, occlusal characteristics, fracture force and marginal fit JF - Dental Materials N2 - Objectives The study evaluated the influence of digital design software on crown morphology, occlusal characteristics, fracture force, and marginal fit across varying preparation designs for an identical target tooth. Methods A resin-based tooth (tooth 36) was digitized, manufactured ( ), individually prepared and re-digitized. Five design groups were established using conventional software proposals, technician designs, two AI-based software solutions, and natural tooth-based reference designs. All systems employed consistent parameters. Crown designs were digitally assessed using quantitative morphological and occlusal metrics in reference to the original tooth. Crowns were milled, marginal fit was measured via digital microscopy, and fracture resistance was determined after thermal cycling and mechanical loading. Results Morphological metrics revealed statistically significant deviations across groups, with the technician design achieving the best performance. Occlusal metrics showed high deviations in the positional accuracy of the contact points across all groups. Technician and AI-based designs exhibited comparable functional results. None of the design groups were able to achieve contact with all relevant antagonist teeth, due to high deviations in the mesiolingual cusp. Conventional software designs exhibited the lowest fracture forces. Significant improvements were achieved through technician intervention. Vertical marginal discrepancies remained comparable across groups. Significance Improved functional and morphological design combined with high fracture resistance can reduce the need for clinical adjustments, minimize wear, and enhance crown longevity. Digital design software significantly influences crown morphology, occlusal characteristics and fracture forces. Vertical marginal discrepancies remain similar. AI-driven approaches demonstrate comparability with technician designs in terms of fracture forces, functional performance, and marginal fit. KW - Dental prosthesis design KW - Digital Dentistry KW - Crown design software KW - Preparation design Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2025.09.003 SN - 0109-5641 PB - Elsevier ER -