TY - CHAP A1 - Hauser, Florian A1 - Reiß, Markus A1 - Nivala, Markus A1 - Mottok, Jürgen A1 - Gruber, Hans T1 - Eye tracking applied: Visual expertise in code reviews T2 - 9th International Conference on Education and New Learning Technologies, EDULEARN17, 3-5 July, 2017, Barcelona, Spain, Proceedings Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.21125/edulearn.2017.1084 SP - 379 EP - 389 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Nivala, Markus A1 - Hauser, Florian A1 - Jossberger, Helen A1 - Reiß, Markus A1 - Mottok, Jürgen A1 - Gruber, Hans T1 - Detecting errors in program flow diagrams: Comparing novices and advanced programmers T2 - EARLI Biennial Conference 2017, 17th European Association for Research on Learning and Instruction, 29 August - 2 September, 2017 - University of Tampere, Finland Y1 - 2017 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Nivala, Markus A1 - Hauser, Florian A1 - Mottok, Jürgen A1 - Gruber, Hans T1 - Developing visual expertise in software engineering: An eye tracking study T2 - IEEE Global Engineering Education Conference (EDUCON), 10-13 April 2016, Abu Dhabi, UAE N2 - Program comprehension and the ability to find program errors are key skills of software engineering. The aim of this pilot study was to examine the visual processes of novice and advanced programmers in authentic tasks. Fifteen novices and eight advanced programmers were given eight short pieces of code. Their task was to either identify an error or give the output of the code. Eye movements and keyboard activity were recorded. On average, the novices spent more time reading the code than composing the response, whereas the more advanced programmers started composing the response sooner and spent more time on it. In general, the advanced programmers had shorter fixations and saccades. The results suggest that the advanced programmers are quicker to grasp the essence of the code and able to see more details in it. The advanced programmers had shorter fixations and saccade lengths during the second phase which might indicate the process of chunking. KW - program comprehension KW - debugging KW - software engineering KW - visual expertise KW - eye tracking Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/EDUCON.2016.7474614 SP - 613 EP - 620 ER -