TY - JOUR A1 - Kenner, Susanne A1 - Thaler, Raphael A1 - Kucera, Markus A1 - Volbert, Klaus A1 - Waas, Thomas T1 - Comparison of Smart Grid architectures for monitoring and analyzing power grid data via Modbus and REST JF - EURASIP Journal on Embedded Systems N2 - Smart grid, smart metering, electromobility, and the regulation of the power network are keywords of the transition in energy politics. In the future, the power grid will be smart. Based on different works, this article presents a data collection, analyzing, and monitoring software for a reference smart grid. We discuss two possible architectures for collecting data from energy analyzers and analyze their performance with respect to real-time monitoring, load peak analysis, and automated regulation of the power grid. In the first architecture, we analyze the latency, needed bandwidth, and scalability for collecting data over the Modbus TCP/IP protocol and in the second one over a RESTful web service. The analysis results show that the solution with Modbus is more scalable as the one with RESTful web service. However, the performance and scalability of both architectures are sufficient for our reference smart grid and use cases. KW - smart grid KW - real-time monitoring KW - Modbus KW - HTTP performance KW - Intelligentes Stromnetz KW - Referenzmodell KW - Monitoring Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s13639-016-0045-7 VL - 2017 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Brunner, Stefan A1 - Röder, Jürgen A1 - Kucera, Markus A1 - Waas, Thomas T1 - Automotive E/E-architecture enhancements by usage of ethernet TSN T2 - 13th Workshop on Intelligent Solutions in Embedded Systems (WISES), 12-13 June 2017, Hamburg, Germany N2 - A huge upheaval emerges from the transition to autonomous vehicles in the domain of road vehicles, ongoing with a change in the vehicle architecture. Many sensors and Electronic Control Units are added to the current vehicle architecture and further safety requirements like reliability become even more necessary. In this paper we present a potential evolution of the Electrical/Electronic-Architecture, including a Zone Architecture, to enable future functionality. We reveal the impact on the communication network concerning these architectures and present a potential communication technology to facilitate such architectures. KW - Logic gates KW - Computer architecture KW - Standards KW - Quality of service KW - Complexit KW - Kraftfahrzeug KW - Softwarearchitektur KW - TSN-Netz Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/WISES.2017.7986925 SP - 9 EP - 13 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Brunner, Stefan A1 - Kucera, Markus A1 - Waas, Thomas T1 - Ontologies used in robotics BT - A survey with an outlook for automated driving T2 - IEEE International Conference on Vehicular Electronics and Safety (ICVES), 2017, Vienna, Austria N2 - Full autonomy of road vehicles is a major goal of the automotive industry. To reach such high autonomy it is necessary to provide an accurate and comprehensible situation description for the environment and the vehicle itself. A consistent depiction is essential to facilitate data exchange and communication between internal modules, e.g. collision check and environment model, as well as communication with further information sources like traffic participants vehicle to vehicle (V2V) or the infrastructure, e.g. smart traffic lights, road signs or radio traffic service (V2I). One necessary tool to create such a model could be an ontology which represents the given information and its dependencies. Initially this work provides a summary of given approaches in the literature for use of ontologies in robotics in general. Therefore approaches are stated sorted by application and task. Further approaches with focus on autonomous robots and in particular on autonomous vehicles are listed and described. Finally we give an outlook for further research topics in the domain of ontologies. KW - Ontologies KW - Autonomous vehicles KW - Service robots KW - Modeling KW - Cognition KW - Standards Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/ICVES.2017.7991905 PB - IEEE ER -