TY - GEN A1 - Ott, Christian A1 - Rosengarth, K. A1 - Doenitz, Christian A1 - Hoehne, Julius A1 - Wendl, C. A1 - Dodoo-Schittko, Frank A1 - Lang, Elmar Wolfgang A1 - Schmidt, Nils Ole A1 - Goldhacker, Markus T1 - Preoperative assessment of language dominance through combined resting-state and task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging T2 - Brain and Spine N2 - Background: Brain lesions in language-related cortical areas remain a challenge in the clinical routine. In recent years the resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI) was shown to be a feasible method for preoperative language assessment. The aim of this study was to examine whether language-related resting-state components, which have been obtained using a data-driven independent-component-based identification algorithm, can be supportive in determining language dominance in the left or right hemisphere. Methods: Twenty patients suffering from brain lesions close to supposed language relevant cortical areas were included. Rs-fMRI and task-based (tb-fMRI) were performed for the purpose of preoperative language assessment. Tb-fMRI included a verb generation task with an appropriate control condition (a syllable switching task) to decompose language critical and language supportive processes. Subsequently, the best fitting ICA component for the resting-state language network (RSLN) referential to general linear models (GLMs) of the tb-fMRI (including models with and without linguistic control conditions) was identified using an algorithm based on the Dice-index. Results: The RSLNs associated with GLMs using a linguistic control condition led to significantly higher laterality indices than GLM baseline contrasts. LIs derived from GLM contrasts with and without control conditions alone did not differ significantly. Conclusion: In general, the results suggest that determining language dominance in the human brain is feasible both with tb-fMRI and rs-fMRI, and in particular, the combination of both approaches yields a higher specificity in preoperative language assessment. Moreover, we can conclude that the choice of the language mapping paradigm is crucial for the mentioned benefits. Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bas.2021.100523 VL - 1 IS - Suppl. 2 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Goldhacker, Markus A1 - Tomé, Ana Maria A1 - Greenlee, Mark W. A1 - Lang, Elmar Wolfgang T1 - Frequency-Resolved Dynamic Functional Connectivity Reveals Scale-Stable Features of Connectivity-States JF - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience N2 - Investigating temporal variability of functional connectivity is an emerging field in connectomics. Entering dynamic functional connectivity by applying sliding window techniques on resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI) time courses emerged from this topic. We introduce frequency-resolved dynamic functional connectivity (frdFC) by means of multivariate empirical mode decomposition (MEMD) followed up by filter-bank investigations. In general, we find that MEMD is capable of generating time courses to perform frdFC and we discover that the structure of connectivity-states is robust over frequency scales and even becomes more evident with decreasing frequency. This scale-stability varies with the number of extracted clusters when applying k-means. We find a scale-stability drop-off from k = 4 to k = 5 extracted connectivity-states, which is corroborated by null-models, simulations, theoretical considerations, filter-banks, and scale-adjusted windows. Our filter-bank studies show that filter design is more delicate in the rs-fMRI than in the simulated case. Besides offering a baseline for further frdFC research, we suggest and demonstrate the use of scale-stability as a possible quality criterion for connectivity-state and model selection. We present first evidence showing that connectivity-states are both a multivariate, and a multiscale phenomenon. A data repository of our frequency-resolved time-series is provided. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2018.00253 SN - 1662-5161 VL - 12 SP - 1 EP - 16 PB - Frontiers Research Foundation CY - Lausanne ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Goldhacker, Markus A1 - Keck, P. A1 - Igel, A. A1 - Lang, Elmar Wolfgang A1 - Tomé, Ana Maria T1 - A multi-variate blind source separation algorithm JF - Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine N2 - Background and objective The study follows the proposal of decomposing a given data matrix into a product of independent spatial and temporal component matrices. A multi-variate decomposition approach is presented, based on an approximate diagonalization of a set of matrices computed using a latent space representation. Methods The proposed methodology follows an algebraic approach, which is common to space, temporal or spatiotemporal blind source separation algorithms. More specifically, the algebraic approach relies on singular value decomposition techniques, which avoids computationally costly and numerically instable matrix inversion. The method is equally applicable to correlation matrices determined from second order correlations or by considering fourth order correlations. Results The resulting algorithms are applied to fMRI data sets either to extract the underlying fMRI components or to extract connectivity maps from resting state fMRI data collected for a dynamic functional connectivity analysis. Intriguingly, our algorithm shows increased spatial specificity compared to common approaches, while temporal precision stays similar. Conclusion The study presents a novel spatiotemporal blind source separation algorithm, which is both robust and avoids parameters that are difficult to fine tune. Applied on experimental data sets, the new method yields highly confined and focused areas with least spatial extent in the retinotopy case, and similar results in the dynamic functional connectivity analyses compared to other blind source separation algorithms. Therefore, we conclude that our novel algorithm is highly competitive and yields results, which are superior or at least similar to existing approaches. KW - Blind source separation KW - Independent component analysis KW - fMRI KW - Resting state KW - Retinotopy KW - Spatio temporal Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmpb.2017.08.019 SN - 1872-7565 SN - 0169-2607 VL - 151 SP - 91 EP - 99 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wein, Simon A1 - Deco, Gustavo A1 - Tomé, Ana Maria A1 - Goldhacker, Markus A1 - Malloni, Wilhelm M. A1 - Greenlee, Mark W. A1 - Lang, Elmar Wolfgang T1 - Brain Connectivity Studies on Structure-Function Relationships: A Short Survey with an Emphasis on Machine Learning JF - Computational intelligence and neuroscience N2 - This short survey reviews the recent literature on the relationship between the brain structure and its functional dynamics. Imaging techniques such as diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) make it possible to reconstruct axonal fiber tracks and describe the structural connectivity (SC) between brain regions. By measuring fluctuations in neuronal activity, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) provides insights into the dynamics within this structural network. One key for a better understanding of brain mechanisms is to investigate how these fast dynamics emerge on a relatively stable structural backbone. So far, computational simulations and methods from graph theory have been mainly used for modeling this relationship. Machine learning techniques have already been established in neuroimaging for identifying functionally independent brain networks and classifying pathological brain states. This survey focuses on methods from machine learning, which contribute to our understanding of functional interactions between brain regions and their relation to the underlying anatomical substrate. KW - Brain Mapping KW - Brain/diagnostic imaging KW - Diffusion Tensor Imaging KW - Machine Learning KW - Magnetic Resonance Imaging KW - Nerve Net/diagnostic imaging KW - Neural Pathways/diagnostic imaging KW - Structure-Activity Relationship Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5573740 SP - 1 EP - 31 PB - Hindawi ER -