TY - CHAP A1 - Alfranseder, Martin A1 - Krapf, Tobias A1 - Mader, Ralph A1 - Niemetz, Michael A1 - Mottok, Jürgen A1 - Siemers, Christian T1 - An Efficient Partitioning Strategy for Runnables in Weakly Dependent Tasks on Embedded Multi-Core Systems T2 - Embedded real-time software and systems (ERTS² 2014), Feb 2014, Toulouse, France N2 - With multi-core controllers entering the area of automotive control ECUs, strategies for parallelizing the control- algorithms come into focus. This paper deals with a special part of automotive powertrain software, called state transitions. Since dependencies between runnables executed there are weak, the transitions provide a good basis for parallelization. We present a strategy of how to distribute efficiently the execution of runnables to different cores while taking care of inner and outer dependencies. The strategy is accompanied by two case studies demonstrating the performance of the concept. The first one is carried out to find the most efficient strategies of parallelize state transitions based on randomly generated, simulated state transitions. In the second one, the developed partitioning strategies are applied to a real software project for an automotive powertrain system. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Helm, C. A1 - Deubzer, Michael A1 - Mottok, Jürgen ED - Ivanov, Artem ED - Bicker, Marc ED - Patzelt, Peter T1 - Analyse der Echtzeiteigenschaften von Multicore Speicherarchitekturen in Eingebetteten Systemen mittels einer konfigurierbaren Simulationssoftware T2 - 4. Landshuter Symposium Mikrosystemtechnik : Mikrosystemtechnik als Schlüsseltechnologie der Systemintegration, Tagungsband zum Symposium 12./13. März 2014, Hochschule Landshut Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-3-9812696-5-9 SP - 109 EP - 117 CY - Landshut ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Lalo, Erjola A1 - Schmidhuber, Stefan A1 - Deubzer, Michael A1 - Mottok, Jürgen T1 - Extended Task Priority and Preemptability Optimization in Real-Time Multi-Core Embedded Systems T2 - 4th Applied Research Conference, 5th July 2014, Ingolstadt Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-3-8440-2875-1 SP - 90 EP - 95 CY - Ingolstadt ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Thiel, P. A1 - Hackl, Magnus A1 - Mottok, Jürgen T1 - Designing efficient Node.js applications – Approaching useful patterns T2 - 4th Applied Research Conference, 5th July 2014, Ingolstadt Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-3-8440-2875-1 SP - 40 EP - 46 PB - Shaker CY - Aachen ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hackl, Magnus A1 - Thiel, Patrik A1 - Mottok, Jürgen T1 - Not Only SQL – a comparison to traditional RDBMS T2 - 4th Applied Research Conference (ARC 2014), 5th July 2014, Ingolstadt Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-3-8440-2875-1 PB - Shaker CY - Aachen ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Raab, Peter A1 - Mottok, Jürgen T1 - Modellbasierte Zuverlässigkeitsanalysen von arithmetischen Operationen in einem Prozessorsystem T2 - Proceedings of safe.tech 2014, 20. und 21. Mai 2014, München Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Oklapi, Erna A1 - Deubzer, Michael A1 - Schmidhuber, Stefan A1 - Lalo, Erjola A1 - Mottok, Jürgen T1 - Optimization of Real-Time Multicore Systems Reached by a Genetic Algorithm Approach for Runnable Sequencing T2 - 2014 International Conference on Applied Electronics, Pilsen, Czech Republic N2 - The deployment of complex real-time systems with everyday increasing demands and possibilities, is a challenging task for engineers when performance and efficiency have to be maximized while cost have to be minimized at the same time. For already designed systems it became necessary to perform different modifications in order to find optimal software architecture configuration by respecting all timing constraints which are essential when speaking of real-time systems. In this work, we present a model-based approach of optimizing the execution sequence of runnables within tasks in order to reduce the system's reaction times by improving the overall signal flow duration. Hereby, a genetic optimization algorithm is used to create and evaluate multiple solutions for the runnable sequencing problem. We conclude by demonstration the efficiency of the presented approach with experimental results. KW - runnable sequencing KW - embedded real-time systems KW - genetic algorithms KW - multi-core KW - optimization Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/AE.2014.7011709 SP - 233 EP - 238 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Mottok, Jürgen A1 - Alfranseder, Martin A1 - Schmidhuber, Stefan A1 - Mucha, Matthias A1 - Sailer, Andreas ED - Teodorescu, Horia-Nicolai ED - Kirschenbaum, Alan ED - Cojocaru, Svetlana ED - Bruderlein, Claude T1 - How to improve the reactiveness and efficiency of embedded multicore systems by use of probabilistic simulation and optimization techniques T2 - Improving Disaster Resilience and Mitigation - New Means and Tools. NATO Science for Peace and Security Series C: Environmental Security N2 - Safe and reliable multi-core technology becomes more and more important in the field of embedded systems. Today’s and future embedded systems require increasing performance while being more energy efficient. Moreover, the functional safety for these embedded systems has to be improved or developed completely new. In this chapter, we first address the challenges of embedded multi-core real-time systems. To raise the resilience of such systems we use the deadlock-free synchronization model of Block et al. (A flexible real-time locking protocol for multiprocessors. 2012 IEEE international conference on embedded and real-time computing systems and applications, vol 0, pp 47–56, 2007). The metric mean Normalized Blocking Time (mNBT) is hereby used to measure the timing effects of the blocking behavior of strongly interacting tasks. In a second step, we present a model-based approach to map the tasks of an embedded real-time system to the cores of a multi-core processor. Moreover, we derive an execution time model from runtime measurements of software functions. This information is then used to perform precise probabilistic simulations of different task-to-core mappings and evaluate them with regard to task response times, inter-task blocking overhead and load distribution. Subsequently, we integrate the probabilistic simulation within an optimization technique to systematically improve the task-to-core mapping. We conclude with a case-study, where we demonstrate the effectiveness of the presented approach by optimizing the task-to-core mapping of a practical automotive powertrain system. KW - Embed System KW - Functional Safety KW - Arrival Curve KW - Task Allocation Problem KW - Deadline Violation Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9136-6_16 SP - 253 EP - 268 PB - Springer CY - Dodrecht ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Soska, Alexander A1 - Mottok, Jürgen T1 - A New Conceptual Contribution for Serious Games in Academic Software Engineering Education T2 - European Conference on Software Engineering Education 2014 (ECSEE), 27 and 28 November 2014 in Seeon Monastery N2 - Nowadays, the popularity and field of application of serious games grows steadily. This educational method offers attractive pportunities for teaching and training by combining playful elements with learning content. By using game mechanics, thinking and technique, theoretical subject matters are treated in a fun and engaging way. Thereby, serious games utilize our intrinsic motivation to discover the surroundings in a playful manner. Embedded in educational settings, the goal is to mediate academic and non-academic knowledge to the students. Especially in the field of software engineering it is important to have skills which go beyond pure technical knowledge. Yet, the use of serious games is still a manageable amount. With this paper, we give a contribution to the theoretical design and development of serious games based on playful learning method and its relation to research-based learning in universal context. In addi- tion we analyze the existing serious games in software engineering and present our thoughts about planning our own. Y1 - 2014 UR - https://www.researchgate.net/publication/277266392_A_New_Conceptual_Contribution_for_Serious_Games_in_Academic_Software_Engineering_Education SN - 978-3-8440-3067-9 SP - 241 EP - 254 PB - Shaker CY - Aachen ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Alfranseder, Martin A1 - Mucha, Matthias A1 - Schmidhuber, Stefan A1 - Sailer, Andreas A1 - Niemetz, Michael A1 - Mottok, Jürgen T1 - A modified synchronization model for dead-lock free concurrent execution of strongly interacting task sets in embedded systems T2 - 2013 International Conference on Applied Electronics (AE 2013), IEEE, 10-12 September 2013, Pilsen, Czech Republic N2 - Global scheduling algorithms are very promising for application in embedded real-time systems using multi-core controllers. In this paper we want to make a first step forward to apply such scheduling methods on real existing systems. Especially a new resource model is necessary to avoid deadlocks, as this goal can not be achieved by using the standard OSEK Priority Ceiling Protocol when shared global resources are in use. We also introduce the new metric mean Normalized Blocking Time in order to be able to compare locking mechanisms according to the timing effects of their blocking behavior. Finally we give a simulative application example of the new metric by the use of two different kinds of semaphore models and an example task set typical for existing embedded real-time systems in the automotive powertrain environment. Y1 - 2013 VL - 18 SP - 13 EP - 18 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Raab, Peter A1 - Krämer, Stefan A1 - Mottok, Jürgen T1 - Error Model and the Reliability of Arithmetic Operations T2 - 2013 IEEE EUROCON - International Conference on Computer as a Tool, Zagreb, Croatia, July 1-4, 2013 N2 - Error detecting and correcting codes are widely used in data transmission, storage systems and also for data processing. In logical circuits like arithmetic operations, arbitrary faults can cause errors in the result. However in safety critical applications, it is important to avoid those errors which would lead to system failures. Several approaches are known to protect the result of operations during software processing. In the same way like transmission systems, coded processing uses codes for fault detection. But in contrast to transmission systems, there is no adequate channel model available which makes it possible to evaluate the residue error probability of an arithmetic operation in an analytical way. This paper tries to close the gap of arithmetic error models by the development of a model for an ordinary addition in a computer system. Thus, the reliability of an addition's result can be analytically evaluated. KW - addition KW - channel model KW - coded processing KW - fault simulation KW - Markov model KW - residue error probability Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/EUROCON.2013.6625047 SP - 630 EP - 637 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Raab, Peter A1 - Racek, Stanislav A1 - Krämer, Stefan A1 - Mottok, Jürgen T1 - Data Flow Analysis of Software Executed by Unreliable Hardware T2 - 16th Euromicro Conference on Digital System Design, Los Alamitos, CA, USA N2 - The data flow is a crucial part of software execution in recent applications. It depends on the concrete implementation of the realized algorithm and it influences the correctness of a result in case of hardware faults during the calculation. In logical circuits, like arithmetic operations in a processor system, arbitrary faults become a more tremendous aspect in future. With modern manufacturing processes, the probability of such faults will increase and the result of a software's data flow will be more vulnerable. This paper shows a principle evaluation method for the reliability of a software's data flow with arbitrary soft errors also with the concept of fault compensation. This evaluation is discussed by means of a simple example based on an addition. KW - data flow KW - error probability KW - fault compensation KW - reliability analysis KW - software-implemented-hardwarefault-tolerance (SIHFT) Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/DSD.2013.35 SP - 243 EP - 249 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Oklapi, Erna A1 - Deubzer, Michael A1 - Schmidhuber, Stefan A1 - Mottok, Jürgen T1 - Verification of an Evolutionary Optimization Algorithm for Runnable Sequencing Problem T2 - 4th Applied Research Conference, 5th July 2014, Ingolstadt Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Alfranseder, Martin A1 - Krapf, Tobias A1 - Mottok, Jürgen A1 - Siemers, Christian T1 - Synchronisationsverfahren in embedded Multicoresystemen T2 - Tagungsband, 6th Embedded Software Engineering, Kongress 2013, 2. bis 6. Dezembern 2013, Sindelfingen Y1 - 2013 PB - Vogel Business Media CY - Würzburg ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Sailer, Andreas A1 - Schmidhuber, Stefan A1 - Deubzer, Michael A1 - Alfranseder, Martin A1 - Mucha, Matthias A1 - Mottok, Jürgen T1 - Optimizing the task allocation step for multi-core processors within autosar T2 - 2013 International Conference on Applied Electronics, IEEE, Pilsen, Czech Republic N2 - We present a model-based optimization approach for the task allocation problem in embedded multi-core systems. The information therefore is obtained from a system description in AUTOSAR and runtime measurements of the runnables in hardware traces. Based on this an initial software partitioning of runnables to tasks is created. We then use a genetic algorithm to create and evaluate solutions to the task allocation problem. Each solution is hereby evaluated using a discrete event-based simulation, which allows the evaluation with regard to real-time properties, resource consumption and data-communication overhead. The significance of our approach is then shown in a case-study. There, we optimize the task allocation of an embedded system, whose complexity is comparable to that of an actual system, on a multi-core processor. Finally, the results of the optimization are transferred to an ECU Configuration Description to enable further development in compliance with the AUTOSAR methodology. KW - AUTOSAR KW - Multi-Objective Optimization KW - Multi-Core KW - Goodness-of-fit KW - Task Allocation Y1 - 2013 UR - https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6636524 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Tomer, Amir A1 - Hagel, Georg A1 - Mottok, Jürgen A1 - Alt, Dorit A1 - Barak, Miriam I. A1 - Hadar, Irit T1 - CAPELLA: A conceptual framework for adaptive life-long learning T2 - IEEE Global Engineering Education Conference (EDUCON), 25-28 April 2017, Athens, Greece N2 - In this paper we describe a proposed framework for Cooperative Adaptive Personalized Education for Life-long Learning and Activation (CAPELLA). CAPELLA comprises four models: A Knowledge Organization Model, a Learning Process Model, a Community Collaboration Model and a Gaming Model. The underlying pedagogical approach is based on the four pillars of learning: Learning to know, learning to do, learning to collaborate and learning to be. Based on these models and principles, CAPELLA provides a theoretical framework that may assist IT developers to develop state-of-the-art educational platforms and advanced learning applications. Using an example of a UML Diagramming Workshop we demonstrate how CAPELLA incorporates the principles of Adaptive Learning. Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/EDUCON.2017.7943041 SP - 1463 EP - 1472 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schumm, Michael A1 - Joseph, Saskia A1 - Mottok, Jürgen A1 - Niemetz, Michael A1 - Schroll-Decker, Irmgard T1 - Lernarrangements im software engineering und deren evaluation – neue konzepte für hochschule und lebenslanges Lernen T2 - Tagungsband 5th Embedded Software Engineering Kongress, 3. bis 7. Dezember 2012, Sindelfingen Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Krämer, Stefan A1 - Raab, Peter A1 - Mottok, Jürgen T1 - Simulationsbasierte Reliability-Analyse – Einflüsse von zufälligen Fehlern auf das Echtzeit-Scheduling T2 - Tagungsband 5th Embedded Software Engineering Kongress, 3. bis 7. Dezember 2012, Sindelfingen Y1 - 2012 SP - 613 EP - 622 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Alfranseder, Martin A1 - Mottok, Jürgen T1 - Kommunikationsmechanismen für sicherheitskritische multi-core Echtzeit-Systeme T2 - 5th Automotive Summerschool, Regensburg, September 2012 Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Pfaller, M. A1 - Mottok, Jürgen T1 - Developing the e-learning class ‘practical training in c’ Y1 - 2013 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - De, Sangita A1 - Niklas, Michael A1 - Rooney, Brian A1 - Mottok, Jürgen A1 - Brada, Premek T1 - Towards Translation of Semantics of Automotive Interface Description Models from Franca to AUTOSAR Frameworks BT - An Approach using Semantic Synergies T2 - 2019 International Conference on Applied Electronics (AE), 10-11 Sept. 2019, Pilsen, Czech Republic N2 - The automotive industry is eventually evolving into a complex network of services. The heterogeneous and distributed nature of automotive software systems demands flexible software components which can operate in different environments. Because of heterogeneous automotive development environments, the domain experts, must cope with too many diversities, adaption layers, and incompatibilities to design applications for the current generation of autonomous driving vehicles. In this context, interface adaptation is a promising approach to achieve flexibility without directly changing the respective components. AUTOSAR, which is the de-facto standard for describing automotive system architecture and is a hugely comprehensive standard allowing designers full control from abstract system description to bare metal level deployment. However, the vehicle subsystems have still evolved to include multifarious high-level domains not covered by AUTOSAR e.g. Infotainment, Telematics etc. Therefore, it seems beneficial to bridge the semantic gaps between AUTOSAR applications and other standards of automotive application domains. The goal of this paper is to investigate interface semantic mapping and achieve transparent integration of domain-specific applications using the translation of semantics among the AUTOSAR platform software component models and other software components models of open source development platforms e.g. GENIVI. A key goal of such a modelling approach is the reuse of existing interface description languages and respective code generators. This will enhance future interoperability and decrease in incompatibility among these platforms. KW - Adaptation models KW - ARXML KW - Automotive engineering KW - component model KW - Connectors KW - FRAMEWORK KW - Franca IDL KW - interface KW - Receivers KW - semantic KW - synergy KW - traits Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.23919/AE.2019.8867018 SP - 1 EP - 6 PB - University of West Bohemia ER -