TY - CHAP A1 - Müller, Jens A1 - Alt, Martin A1 - Dünnweber, Jan A1 - Gorlatch, Sergei T1 - Clayworks BT - A System for Collaborative Real-Time Modeling and High-Performance Simulation T2 - IEEE International Conference on e-Science and Grid Computing (e-Science'06), 2nd, 4-6 Dec 2006, Amsterdam, Netherlands N2 - Clayworks is a software system which integrates collaborative real-time modeling and distributed computing. It addresses the challenge of developing a collaborative workspace with a seamless access to high-performance servers. Clayworks allows modeling of virtual clay objects and running computation-intensive deformation simulations for objects crashing into each other. To integrate heterogeneous computational resources, we adopted modern Grid middleware and provided the users with an intuitive graphical interface. We parallelized the computation of simulations using a Higher-Order Component (HOC) which abstracts over the Globus Web service resource framework (WSRF) used to interconnect our worksuite to the computation server. Clayworks is a representative of a large class of demanding systems which combine collaborative modeling with performance-critical computations, e.g., crash-tests or simulations for biological population evolution. KW - Collaboration KW - Real time systems KW - Computational modeling KW - Collaborative work KW - Biology computing KW - Biological system modeling KW - Deformable models KW - Computer crashes KW - Software systems KW - Concurrent computing Y1 - 2006 SN - 0-7695-2734-5 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/E-SCIENCE.2006.261188 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Dünnweber, Jan A1 - Dumitrescu, Cǎtǎlin L. A1 - Raicu, Ioan A1 - Foster, Ian ED - Priol, Thierry ED - Vanneschi, Marco T1 - Simplifying Grid Application Programming Using Web-Enabled Code Transfer Tools T2 - Towards Next Generation Grids N2 - This paper deals with one of the fundamental properties of grid computing – transferring code between grid nodes and executing it remotely on heterogeneous hosts. Contemporary middleware relies for this purpose on Web Services, which makes application programs complicated and low-level and requires much additional expertise from programmers. We compare two mechanisms for grid application programming with regard to their handling of code transfer – the de-facto standard WS-GRAM in Globus and the higher-level approach based on HOCs (Higher-Order Components). We study the advantages and problems of each approach using a real-world application case study – the sequent alignment problem from bioinformatics. Our experiments show the trade-off between reduced development costs and software complexity when HOCs are used and the higher performance of the applications on the grid when using WS-GRAM. KW - Distributed Systems KW - Resource Management KW - Service Level Agreements KW - Application Code KW - Grid Application KW - Executable Code KW - Code Parameter KW - Globus Toolkit Y1 - 2007 SN - 978-0-387-72497-3 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-72498-0_21 SP - 225 EP - 235 PB - Springer CY - Rennes, France ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Dünnweber, Jan A1 - Kirsch, C. T1 - Report Datenmigration BT - Geeignete Umstiegstrategien in Großprojekten JF - iX - Magazin für professionelle Informationstechnik N2 - Mehrere Terabyte Daten aus einem auf dem Mainframe laufenden COBOL-Programm auf eine SOA-Architektur unter Linux zu migrieren, stellt besondere Anforderungen an die Werkzeuge und Entwickler. Geschickte Kombination vorhandener Tools und effizienter Strategien vermeiden Stillstandszeiten und beschleunigen den Datentransfer. Y1 - 2010 SN - 0935-9680 IS - 11 SP - 95 EP - 100 PB - Heise CY - Hannover ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Aldinucci, Marco A1 - Dünnweber, Jan A1 - Danelutto, Marco A1 - Golatch, Sergei ED - Grandinetti, Lucio T1 - Optimization techniques for skeletons on grids T2 - Grid Computing: The New Frontier of High Performance Computing N2 - Skeletons are common patterns of parallelism, such as farm and pipeline, that can be abstracted and offered to the application programmer as programming primitives. We describe the use and implementation of skeletons on emerging computational grids, with the skeleton system Lithium, based on Java and RMI, as our reference programming syttem. Our main contribution is the exploration of optimization techniques for implementing skeletons on grids based on an optimized, future-based RMI mechanism, which we integrate into the macro-dataflow evaluation mechanism of Lithium. We discuss three optimizations: 1) a lookahead mechanism that allows to process multiple tasks concurrently at each grid server and thereby increases the overall degree of parallelism, 2) a lazy taskbinding technique that reduces interactions between grid servers and the task dispatcher, and 3) dynamic improvements that optimize the collecting of results and the work-load balancing. We report experimental results that demonstrate the improvements due to our optimizations on various testbeds, including a heterogeneous grid-like environment. Y1 - 2005 SN - 978-0-08-046146-5 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0927-5452(05)80014-0 SP - 255 EP - 273 PB - Elsevier CY - Scotland ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Dünnweber, Jan A1 - Gorlatch, Sergei A1 - Benoit, Anne A1 - Cole, Murray T1 - Integrating MPI-Skeletons with Web Services T2 - ParCo'05 - International Conference on Parallel Computing, 2005, Malaga, Spain N2 - Interoperating components, implemented in multiple programming languages, are one of the key requirements of grid computing that operates over the borders of individual hardware and software platforms. Modern grid middleware like WSRF facilitates interoperability through service-orientation but it also increases software complexity. We show that Higher-Order Components (HOCs) provide a service-oriented programming abstraction over middleware technology. By offering the pipeline skeleton from the MPI-based eSkel library as a HOC, we show how machine-oriented technologies can be made available via Web Services on grids. We bind a Java-based Web application to the HOC to demonstrate its connectivity: user defined input can be transformed in a highly performant manner by running wavelet computations remotely on parallel machines. Y1 - 2005 UR - http://homepages.inf.ed.ac.uk/mic/Pubs/malaga.pdf SP - 787 EP - 794 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Dünnweber, Jan A1 - Gorlatch, Sergei T1 - HOC-SA BT - A Grid Service Architecture for Higher-Order Components T2 - IEEE International Conference on Services Computing (SCC 2004), 15-18 Sept. 2004, Shanghai, China N2 - The current efforts on programming grid applications often rely on service-oriented approaches like grid services. This work presents HOC-SA -a service architecture for higher-order components, which provides the programmer with reusable and composable patterns of parallelism and is interoperable with the latest Globus toolkit implementations. We describe our implementation of HOC-SA using OGSA-DAI, a framework for integrating grids with distributed databases. We present a simple example application and report first measurements on our grid testbed. KW - Web services KW - Programming profession KW - Parallel processing KW - Grid computing KW - Service oriented architecture KW - Testing KW - Distributed computing KW - Concurrent computing KW - Image segmentation KW - Electronic mail Y1 - 2004 SN - 0-7695-2225-4 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/SCC.2004.1358017 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schrader, Jonas A1 - Stadler, Timo A1 - Dünnweber, Jan T1 - A Hybrid Genetic Algorithm for Solving the VRP with Pickup and Delivery in Rural Areas T2 - Proceedings of the 56th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences: January 3-6, 2023, Maui Hawaii, USA N2 - In this paper, we present a new Hybrid Genetic Search (HGS) algorithm for solving the Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem for Pickup and Delivery (CVRPPD) as it is required for public transport in rural areas. One of the biggest peculiarities here is that a large area has to be covered with as few vehicles as possible. The basic idea of this algorithm is based on a more general version of HGS, which we adopted to solve the CVRPPD in rural areas. It also implements improvements that lead to the acceleration of the algorithm and, thereby, to a faster generation of a fastest route. We tested the algorithm on real road data from Roding, a rural district in Bavaria, Germany. Moreover, we designed an API for converting data from the Openrouteservice, so that our algorithm can be applied on real world examples as well. Y1 - 2023 UR - https://scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu/items/3df366a9-3c24-4e7a-bb41-89edec5611f6 SN - 2572-6862 PB - University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa CY - Honolulu, HI ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Melzer, Matthias A1 - Dünnweber, Jan A1 - Baumann, Timo T1 - Towards Smart Home Data Interpretation Using Analogies to Natural Language Processing T2 - 2022 IEEE International Conference on Smart Internet of Things: IEEE SmartIoT 2022, proceedings, 19-21 August 2022, Suzhou, China, hybrid conference (onsite and virtual) N2 - Recent advances in the development of smart homes have led to the availability of a wide variety of devices providing a high level of convenience via gesture and speech control or fully automated operation. Many smart home appliances also address the aspects of safety and electricity savings by automatically powering themselves off after not being used for a while. However, many devices remain in a typical household that are not themselves "smart", or are not primarily electric (such as heating systems). We address the savings aspect by identifying processes involving the use of multiple devices in the electrical flow data, as captured by a smart meter in a modern household, rather than focusing on a single appliance. Therefore, we introduce a novel approach to usage pattern analysis based on the idea that a pattern of device usages as a result of a resident's 'routine' (such as making breakfast) can be interpreted similarly to a natural language 'sentence'; Natural Language Processing (NLP) algorithms can then be used for interpreting the residents' behavior. We introduce the notion of bag-of-devices (BoD), derived from the bag-of-words model used in document classification. In an experiment, we show how we use this model to infer predictions about the inhabitants from device usage, such as the resident leaving for the day or just to fetch the newspaper. KW - IoT KW - AI KW - NLP KW - Smart City Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-1-6654-7952-3 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/SmartIoT55134.2022.00020 SP - 65 EP - 71 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Dünnweber, Jan A1 - Gorlatch, Sergei A1 - Parlavantzas, Nikos A1 - Baude, Francoise A1 - Legrand, Virginie T1 - Towards automatic creation of web services for grid component composition T2 - Integrated Research in GRID Computing : CoreGRID Integration Workshop 2005 (Selected Papers), November 28-30, Pisa, Italy N2 - While high-level software components simplify the programming of grid applications and Web services increase their interoperability, developing such components and configuring the interconnecting services is a demanding task. In this paper, we consider the combination of Higher-Order Components (HOCs) with the Fractal component model and the ProActive library. HOCs are parallel programming components, made accessible on the grid via Web services that use a special class loader enabling code mobility: executable code can be uploaded to a HOC, allowing one to customize the HOC. Fractal simplifies the composition of components and the ProActive library offers a generator for automatically creating Web services from components composed with Fractal, as long as all the parameters of these services have primitive types. Taking all the advantages of HOCs, ProActive and Fractal together, the obvious conclusion is that composing HOCs using Fractal and automatically exposing them as Web services on the grid via ProActive minimizes the required efforts for building complex grid systems. In this context, we solved the problem of exchanging code-carrying parameters in automatically generated Web services by integrating the HOC class loading mechanism into the ProActive library. KW - CoreGRID Component Model (GCM) & Fractal KW - Higher-Order Components Y1 - 2007 SN - 978-0-387-47658-2 SN - 978-0-387-47656-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-47658-2_3 SP - 31 EP - 42 PB - Springer Science+Business Media CY - Boston, MA ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Dünnweber, Jan A1 - Stadler, Timo A1 - Weikl, Sandra A1 - Schäfer, Andreas A1 - Georg, Peter A1 - Wein, Simon T1 - Bus Route Classification for Rural Areas using Graph Convolutional Networks T2 - Proceedings of the 22th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Soft Computing, Zakopane, Poland N2 - In this paper, we present a new approach to determine the estimated time of arrival (ETA) for bus routes using (Deep) Graph Convolutional Networks (DGCNs). In addition we use the same DGCN to detect detours within a route. In our application, a classification of routes and their underlying graph structure is performed using Graph Learning. Our model leads to a fast prediction and avoids solving the vehicle routing problem (VRP) through expensive computations. Moreover, we describe how to predict travel time for all routes using the same DGCN Model. This method makes it possible not to use a more computationally intensive approximation algorithm when determining long travel times with many intermediate stops, but to use our network for an early estimate of the quality of a route. Long travel times, in our case result from the use of a call-bus system, which must distribute many passengers among several vehicles and can take them to places without a regular stop. For a case study, the rural town of Roding in Bavaria is used. Our training data for this area results from an approximation algorithm that we implemented to optimize routes, and to generate an archive of routes of varying quality simultaneously. Y1 - 2023 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Thelen, Simon A1 - Eder, Friedrich A1 - Melzer, Matthias A1 - Nunes, Danilo Weber A1 - Stadler, Michael A1 - Rechenauer, Christian A1 - Obergrießer, Mathias A1 - Jubeh, Ruben A1 - Volbert, Klaus A1 - Dünnweber, Jan T1 - A Slim Digital Twin For A Smart City And Its Residents T2 - SOICT '23: Proceedings of the 12th International Symposium on Information and Communication Technology, 2023, Hi Chi Minh, Vietnam N2 - In the engineering domain, representing real-world objects using a body of data, called a digital twin, which is frequently updated by “live” measurements, has shown various advantages over tradi- tional modelling and simulation techniques. Consequently, urban planners have a strong interest in digital twin technology, since it provides them with a laboratory for experimenting with data before making far-reaching decisions. Realizing these decisions involves the work of professionals in the architecture, engineering and construction (AEC) domain who nowadays collaborate via the methodology of building information modeling (BIM). At the same time, the citizen plays an integral role both in the data acquisition phase, while also being a beneficiary of the improved resource management strategies. In this paper, we present a prototype for a “digital energy twin” platform we designed in cooperation with the city of Regensburg. We show how our extensible platform de- sign can satisfy the various requirements of multiple user groups through a series of data processing solutions and visualizations, in- dicating valuable design and implementation guidelines for future projects. In particular, we focus on two example use cases concern- ing building electricity monitoring and BIM. By implementing a flexible data processing architecture we can involve citizens in the data acquisition process, meeting the demands of modern users regarding maximum transparency in the handling of their data. KW - smart city KW - AI KW - digital twin KW - artificial intelligence KW - urban planning KW - BIM KW - portal system Y1 - 2023 SN - 979-8-4007-0891-6 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1145/3628797.3628936 SP - 8 EP - 15 PB - ACM ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Appelhans, Marie-Luise A1 - Kampmann, Matthias A1 - Mottok, Jürgen A1 - Riederer, Michael A1 - Nagl, Klaus A1 - Steffens, Oliver A1 - Dünnweber, Jan A1 - Wildgruber, Markus A1 - Roth, Julius A1 - Stadler, Timo A1 - Palm, Christoph A1 - Weiß, Martin Georg A1 - Rochholz, Sandra A1 - Bierl, Rudolf A1 - Gschossmann, Andreas A1 - Haug, Sonja A1 - Schmidbauer, Simon A1 - Koch, Anna A1 - Westner, Markus A1 - Bary, Benedikt von A1 - Ellermeier, Andreas A1 - Vögele, Daniel A1 - Maiwald, Frederik A1 - Hierl, Stefan A1 - Schlamp, Matthias A1 - Ehrlich, Ingo A1 - Siegl, Marco A1 - Hüntelmann, Sven A1 - Wildfeuer, Matthias A1 - Brückl, Oliver A1 - Sterner, Michael A1 - Hofrichter, Andreas A1 - Eckert, Fabian A1 - Bauer, Franz A1 - Dawoud, Belal A1 - Rabl, Hans-Peter A1 - Gamisch, Bernd A1 - Schmidt, Ottfried A1 - Heberl, Michael A1 - Thema, Martin A1 - Mayer, Ulrike A1 - Eller, Johannes A1 - Sippenauer, Thomas A1 - Adelt, Christian A1 - Haslbeck, Matthias A1 - Vogl, Bettina A1 - Mauerer, Wolfgang A1 - Ramsauer, Ralf A1 - Lohmann, Daniel A1 - Sax, Irmengard A1 - Gabor, Thomas A1 - Feld, Sebastian A1 - Linnhoff-Popien, Claudia A1 - Ławrowski, Robert Damian A1 - Langer, Christoph A1 - Schreiner, Rupert A1 - Sellmair, Josef ED - Baier, Wolfgang T1 - Forschung 2019 BT - Thema: Künstliche Intelligenz N2 - Bericht mit Forschungsprojekten aus verschiedenen Bereichen der OTH Regensburg mit dem Schwerpunktthema "Künstliche Intelligenz" und einem Gespräch zur "Medizin der Zukunft" T3 - Forschungsberichte der OTH Regensburg - 2019 KW - Forschung KW - Forschungsbericht KW - Künstliche Intelligenz Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-7890 SN - 978-3-9818209-7-3 CY - Regensburg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schuhegger, Lukas A1 - Kara, Sinan A1 - Galka, Stefan A1 - Dünnweber, Jan A1 - Meißner, Sebastian T1 - Umzugsplanung mit Fabrikdatenmodellen und Virtual Reality JF - Zeitschrift für wirtschaftlichen Fabrikbetrieb N2 - Angesichts eines dynamischen industriellen Umfelds müssen produzierende Unternehmen flexibel bleiben und sich kontinuierlich anpassen, um ihre Wettbewerbsfähigkeit zu erhalten. Eine effektive Planung von Restrukturierungen in Produktionssystemen, oft als Umzugsplanung bezeichnet, ist entscheidend, um Verzögerungen zu vermeiden und Stillstandszeiten zu minimieren. Die Identifikation von Umzugsfällen, welche den Umfang umzuziehender Ressourcen wie Maschinen, Anlagen, Ausrüstungen und Arbeitsplätzen beschreiben und die Definition zugehöriger Aufgaben sind essenzielle Schritte der Umzugsplanung. Dieser Beitrag stellt eine Vorgehensweise zur Bestimmung von Umzugsfällen mittels eines Fabrikdatenmodells vor, ergänzt durch eine Visualisierung in Virtual Reality, um Planende bei der Umzugsplanung zu unterstützen. N2 - Given a dynamic industrial environment, manufacturing companies must remain flexible and continuously adapt to maintain their competitiveness. Effective planning of restructuring efforts in production systems, often referred to as reconfiguration planning, is crucial to avoid delays and minimize downtime. Identifying reconfiguration cases, which describe the scope of resources to be relocated, such as machines, equipment, and workstations, and defining the associated tasks are essential steps in reconfiguration planning. This paper presents an approach for determining reconfiguration cases using a factory data model, complemented by visualization in virtual reality, to support planners in the reconfiguration process. KW - Fabrikdatenmodel KW - Virtual Reality KW - Umzugsplanung KW - Restrukturierung KW - Umstellung KW - Factory Data Model KW - Reconfiguration Planning KW - Restructuring KW - Relocation KW - Virtual Reality Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/zwf-2024-1154 SN - 2511-0896 SN - 0947-0085 N1 - Corresponding author der OTH Regensburg: Lukas Schuhegger VL - 119 IS - 11 SP - 799 EP - 804 PB - de Gruyter ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Völkl, Jakob A1 - Melzer, Matthias A1 - Dünnweber, Jan A1 - Sarkar, Amitrajit T1 - Dynamic Route Planning for a Data Collecting Luggage Transport Service T2 - 18th IEEE International Conference on Control & Automation, June 18-21, 2024, Reykjavík, Iceland N2 - Control and Automation of services of the urban infrastructure offered to citizens and tourists are elementary parts of a smart city. But both rely on a stable supply of data from sensors spread across the whole city, e. g., the fill level sensors of waste bins needed for a waste management tool which we developed in a collaboration with the Regensburg city council for the on-demand collection of waste bins. Europe has a lot of historic cities like Regensburg with narrow streets and huge building walls, some made from granite and fieldstones, which often represents an insurmountable obstacle to wireless data transmission. The reduction of the road traffic volume poses an additional challenge for city planners. By means of networked planning and simulation software, the situation, state and efficiency of citywide logistic services can be monitored and optimized. In the course of such optimizations, we propose the combination of digital and logistic services. As an example, we show that monitoring state information, such as the waste bin fill levels, can be accomplished using the same vehicles and the same planning software, that is used for luggage transportation. Moreover, we describe how we adapted a solver for a variant of the TSP, namely the prize-collecting traveling salesman, to optimize the route planning dynamically. Y1 - 2024 PB - IEEE ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Broser, Christian A1 - Falter, Thomas A1 - Ławrowski, Robert Damian A1 - Altenbuchner, Amelie A1 - Vögele, Daniel A1 - Koss, Claus A1 - Schlamp, Matthias A1 - Dunnweber, Jan A1 - Steffens, Oliver A1 - Heckner, Markus A1 - Jaritz, Sabine A1 - Schiegl, Thomas A1 - Corsten, Sabine A1 - Lauer, Norina A1 - Guertler, Katherine A1 - Koenig, Eric A1 - Haug, Sonja A1 - Huber, Dominik A1 - Birkenmaier, Clemens A1 - Krenkel, Lars A1 - Wagner, Thomas A1 - Justus, Xenia A1 - Saßmannshausen, Sean Patrick A1 - Kleine, Nadine A1 - Weber, Karsten A1 - Braun, Carina N. A1 - Giacoppo, Giuliano A1 - Heinrich, Michael A1 - Just, Tobias A1 - Schreck, Thomas A1 - Schnabl, Andreas A1 - Gilmore, Amador Téran A1 - Roeslin, Samuel A1 - Schmid, Sandra A1 - Wellnitz, Felix A1 - Malz, Sebastian A1 - Maurial, Andreas A1 - Hauser, Florian A1 - Mottok, Jürgen A1 - Klettke, Meike A1 - Scherzinger, Stefanie A1 - Störl, Uta A1 - Heckner, Markus A1 - Bazo, Alexander A1 - Wolff, Christian A1 - Kopper, Andreas A1 - Westner, Markus A1 - Pongratz, Christian A1 - Ehrlich, Ingo A1 - Briem, Ulrich A1 - Hederer, Sebastian A1 - Wagner, Marcus A1 - Schillinger, Moritz A1 - Görlach, Julien A1 - Hierl, Stefan A1 - Siegl, Marco A1 - Langer, Christoph A1 - Hausladen, Matthias A1 - Schreiner, Rupert A1 - Haslbeck, Matthias A1 - Kreuzer, Reinhard A1 - Brückl, Oliver A1 - Dawoud, Belal A1 - Rabl, Hans-Peter A1 - Gamisch, Bernd A1 - Schmidt, Ottfried A1 - Heberl, Michael A1 - Gänsbauer, Bianca A1 - Bick, Werner A1 - Ellermeier, Andreas A1 - Monkman, Gareth J. A1 - Prem, Nina A1 - Sindersberger, Dirk A1 - Tschurtschenthaler, Karl A1 - Aurbach, Maximilian A1 - Dendorfer, Sebastian A1 - Betz, Michael A. A1 - Szecsey, Tamara A1 - Mauerer, Wolfgang A1 - Murr, Florian ED - Baier, Wolfgang T1 - Forschung 2018 T3 - Forschungsberichte der OTH Regensburg - 2018 KW - Forschung KW - Forschungsbericht Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-13826 SN - 978-3-9818209-5-9 CY - Regensburg ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Huang, Wenfei A1 - Melzer, Matthias A1 - Dünnweber, Jan T1 - Optimizing Smart Retail by Experiment Using an Online AI Model Exploration Interface T2 - 2024 Winter Simulation Conference (WSC), 15-18 December 2024, Orlando, FL, USA N2 - Smart retail technologies save grocery store operators a lot of work. At the same time, these technologies produce valuable data for building sustainable and economical inventory management strategies. AI models can be trained for sales forecasting using the data. The forecasts support the provisioning of fresh food over the whole week and help reducing food waste. In this paper, we present a Web portal which we developed to allow grocery store operators experiments with AI models revealing interrelations between observed and anticipated customer behavior. Clickable diagrams facilitate the exploration of data sets combining historical data and synthetically generated data. Pricing and ordering can be adapted accordingly to the simulated forecasts. By means of a case study, we show that our simulations are not only useful for predicting future sales but for other smart retail tasks as well. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/WSC63780.2024.10838897 SP - 2631 EP - 2642 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Burger, David A1 - Sarkar, Amitrajit A1 - Kirsch, Konstantin A1 - Dünnweber, Jan ED - Bouzas Lorenzo, Ramón T1 - Combining Fill-Level Sensing with Route Optimization for a More Efficient Waste Collection T2 - ECDG 2018 - European Conference on Digital Government, 2018, Santiago De Compostela, Spain N2 - We tackle the problem that collecting all the waste of modern cities within the scheduled time spans becomes increasingly challenging, while the waste collection team is not supplemented accordingly in many places, e.g. by more staff or vehicles. Separating waste has become natural for urban populations, as recycling is ecologically necessary. However, the separation also leads to a continuously increasing number of containers which are logistically unmanageable without computer-aided collection scheduling. Regensburg recently introduced a new program for the collection of biological waste, which extends the private collection of such waste by a few hundred public biological waste containers. Computer support was pretty basic so far, i.e. the collection times were recorded and the routes were sporadically rescheduled manually in an Excel sheet. We show that much shorter waste collection routes can be found automatically using a dynamic version of the classic Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithm for shortening the collection routes. Moreover, we sketch an loT (lnternet-of-Things) approach to "lntelligent Waste Containers" which we equip with ultrasonic sensors monitoring the fill levels, which allows us to skip poorly used containers during the collection and reposition them on demand. By means of a computer simulation with online visualization, we illustrate that our optimized and dynamically adapted collection routes lead to significant time savings. Indeed, more than twice the number of currently used containers can be collected within the same time. We also report about the first experiments that we conducted with real sensors. The presented work is the result of a cooperation between four contributing parties: 1) Technical University of Regensburg (OTH); 2) Ara Institute of Canterbury; 3) Regensburg's Governmental Department of Waste Management; and 4) an industry partner (kpit.com). We compare the outcome of our project with related work and we sketch some future perspectives and ideas for transforming Regensburg into an even more automatized, environmentally friendly "smart city". KW - smart city KW - loT KW - wireless sensor networks KW - smart government KW - e-waste KW - Ant Colony Optimization Y1 - 2018 SN - 9781912764037 SP - 24 EP - 31 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Dünnweber, Jan A1 - Sarkar, Amitrajit A1 - Puthiyadath, Vimal Kumar A1 - Barde, Omkar ED - Saeed, Khalid ED - Dvorský, Jiří T1 - A Tale of Four Cities - Improving Bus and Waste Collection Schedules in Practical Smart City Applications T2 - Computer Information Systems and Industrial Management N2 - Computer-based Improvements of waste collection and public transport procedures are often a part of smart city initiatives. When we envision an ideal bus network, it will primarily connect the most crowded bus stops. Similarly, an ideal waste collection vehicle will arrive at every container exactly at the time when it is fully loaded. Beyond doubt, this will reduce traffic and support environmentally friendly intentions like waste separation, as it will make more containers manageable. A difficulty of putting that vision into practice is that vehicles cannot always be where they are needed. Knowing the best time for arriving at a position is not insufficient for finding the optimal route. Therefore, we compare four different approaches to optimized routing: Regensburg, Christchurch, Malaysia, and Bangalore. Our analysis shows that the best schedules result from adapting field-tested routes frequently based on sensor measurements and route optimizing computations. KW - Smart city KW - Bus schedules KW - Waste management Y1 - 2021 SN - 978-3-030-84340-3 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-84340-3_30 SP - 369 EP - 380 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Stadler, Timo A1 - Sarkar, Amitrajit A1 - Dünnweber, Jan ED - Saeed, Khalid ED - Dvorský, Jiří T1 - Bus Demand Forecasting for Rural Areas Using XGBoost and Random Forest Algorithm T2 - CISIM2021: 20th International Conference on Computer Information Systems and Industrial Management Applications, September 24-26 2021, Ełk, Poland N2 - In recent years, mobility solutions have experienced a significant upswing. Consequently, it has increased the importance of forecasting the number of passengers and determining the associated demand for vehicles. We analyze all bus routes in a rural area in contrast to other work that predicts just a single bus route. Some differences in bus routes in rural areas compared to cities are highlighted and substantiated by a case study data using Roding, a town in the rural district of Cham in northern Bavaria, as an example. Data collected and we selected a random forest model that lets us determine the passenger demand, bus line effectiveness, or general user behavior. The prediction accuracy of the selected model is currently 87%. The collected data helps to build new mobility-as-a-service solutions, such as on-call buses or dynamic route optimizations, as we show with our simulation. KW - Transportation KW - Rural mobility KW - Prediction KW - Öffentlicher Personennahverkehr KW - Ländlicher Raum KW - Verkehrsnachfrage KW - Prognosemodell KW - Random Forest Y1 - 2021 SN - 978-3-030-84340-3 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-84340-3_36 SP - 442 EP - 453 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Dünnweber, Jan A1 - Lorenz, Marcel A1 - Bräu, Fabian A1 - Saito, Hiroshi A1 - Melzer, Matthias T1 - Driving out the Bears from the Suburbs by Means of Location Theory and Intelligent Agents T2 - Proceedings of the ACM 12th International Conference on Animal-Computer Interaction, ACI 2025: The International Conference on Animal-Computer Interaction ; Indiana USA ; 01-04.12.2025 N2 - Due to the recent surge in bear attacks, affected municipalities have taken various measures to drive out the intruders. Political considerations include, in many places, the expansion of shooting permits. More and more regional governmental authorities invest in technologies for efficient bear hunting, such as IP cameras and computer vision. From an ecological perspective, such procedures, which are all solely aimed at decreasing the bear population, are questionable, since ecosystems can benefit from a peaceful coexistence of bears with humans: Bears remove animal carcasses and thus return vital nutrients to the soil and prevent the spread of diseases. Moreover, the bears keep the deer population in check, which is advantageous for the forest vegetation. Conflicts start, once the bears intrude populated areas, which are often rural villages and suburbs with a low population density. Naturally, bears do not see humans as prey and respect their size. When the animal attacks, this happens rather for territorial or protective reasons, e. g., after an unexpected encounter with humans unsettled it. In this work, we analyze means to eradicate the danger: We dynamically apply Weiszfeld’s algorithm for finding the shifting geometric median between time-windowed black bear sightings and use the results for implementing an early warning system. In addition, we weigh the spotted locations and predict the expected migration behavior between bear habitats using a simulation with intelligent agents. As a case study, we apply our software to data from Romania and Fukushima and identify the positions where bear repelling facilities should be placed most effectively. Y1 - 2025 SN - 9798400721236 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1145/3768539.3768546 PB - ACM CY - New York, NY, USA ER -