TY - CHAP A1 - Braun, Jürgen A1 - Mottok, Jürgen T1 - Fail-Safe and Fail-Operational Systems safeguarded with Coded Processing T2 - 2013 IEEE EUROCON - International Conference on Computer as a Tool, Zagreb, Croatia, July 1-4, 2013 N2 - Safety has the highest priority because it helps contribute to customer confidence and thereby ensures further growth of the new markets, like electromobility. Therefore in series production redundant hardware concepts like dual core microcontrollers running in lock-step-mode are used to reach for example ASIL D safety requirements given from the ISO 26262. Coded processing is capable of reducing redundancy in hardware by adding diverse redundancy in software, e.g. by specific coding of data and instructions. A system with two coded processing channels is considered. Both channels are active. When one channel fails, the service can be continued with the other channel. It is imaginable that the two channels with implemented coded processing are running with time redundancy on a single core or on a multi core system where for example different ASIL levels are partitioned on different cores. In this paper a redundancy concept based on coded processing will be taken into account. The improvement of the Mean Time To Failure by safeguarding the system with coded processing will be computed for fail-safe as well as for fail-operational systems. The use of the coded processing approach in safeguarding failsafe systems is proved. KW - fail-safe KW - fail-operational KW - fault-tolerant KW - failure probability KW - coded processing KW - Safely Embedded Software KW - SES KW - safety measure KW - ISO 26262 KW - electromobility KW - Mean Time To Failure KW - MTTF KW - reliability KW - diversity Y1 - 2013 SN - 978-1-4673-2231-7 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/EUROCON.2013.6625234 SP - 1878 EP - 1885 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Braun, Jürgen A1 - Mottok, Jürgen A1 - Miedl, Christian A1 - Geyer, Dirk A1 - Minas, Mark T1 - Increasing the reliability of single and multicore systems with software rejuvenation and coded processing T2 - Automotive Safety & Security 2012, Sicherheit und Zuverlässigkeit für automobile Informationstechnik, 14.-15. Nov. 2012, Karlsruhe N2 - The safety of electric vehicles has the highest priority because it helps contribute to customer confidence and thereby ensures further growth of the electromobility market. Therefore in series production redundant hardware concepts like dual core microcontrollers running in lock-step-mode are used to reach ASIL D safety requirements given from the ISO 26262. Coded processing is capable of reducing redundancy in hardware by adding diverse redundancy in software, e.g. by specific coding of data and instructions. A system with two coded processing channels is considered. One channel is active and one is in cold standby. When the active channel fails, the service is switched from the active channel to the standby channel. It is imaginable that the two channels with implemented coded processing are running with time redundancy on a single core or on a multi core system where for example different ASIL levels are partitioned on different cores. In this paper a redundant concept based on coded processing and software rejuvenation will be taken into account. Y1 - 2012 UR - https://dl.gi.de/handle/20.500.12116/17555 SP - 163 EP - 178 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Braun, Jürgen A1 - Mottok, Jürgen A1 - Miedl, Christian A1 - Geyer, Dirk A1 - Minas, Mark T1 - Capability of single hardware channel for automotive safety applications according to ISO 26262 T2 - 2012 International Conference on Applied Electronics (AE 2012), Pilsen, Czech Republic, 5 - 7 September 2012 Y1 - 2012 SN - 978-80-261-0038-6 SP - 41 EP - 45 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Braun, Jürgen A1 - Mottok, Jürgen T1 - The Myths of Coded Processing T2 - IEEE International Conference on High Performance Computing and Communications (HPCC-ICESS-CSS 2015), 24-26 Aug. 2015, New York, USA N2 - Safety of embedded systems has the highest priority because it helps contribute to customer confidence and thereby ensures growth of the new markets, like electromobility. In series production fail-safe systems as well as fault-tolerant systems are realized with redundant hardware concepts like dual core microcontrollers running in lock-step-mode to reach highest safety requirements given by standards, like ISO 26262 or IEC 61508. In contrast to the hardware redundancy approach, there are also approaches available with information-, time-and/or software-redundancy since several years. One of them is known as coded processing or AN-codes. Coded processing is capable of reducing redundancy in hardware by adding diverse redundancy in software. But the breakthrough of coded processing never took place. One reason for this seem to be the myths which are widely propagated on this subject and the hereby associated uncertainties. In this paper some myths are busted, like the usage of prime numbers as transformation factor A, the myth that greater transformation factors are better or the myth about the residual error probability defined as 1/A. Some of them have been propagated since 1989. The aim of this paper is to provide more clarity and understanding for this technique, perhaps to pave the way for further functional safety concepts based on coded processing approaches. KW - Redundancy KW - Hamming distance KW - Safety KW - Encoding KW - Error probability Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/HPCC-CSS-ICESS.2015.24 SP - 1637 EP - 1644 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Braun, Jürgen A1 - Mottok, Jürgen A1 - Miedl, Christian A1 - Greyer, D. A1 - Minas, Mark T1 - Fail-Safe und Fault-Tolerant Mechanismen T2 - Proceedings of the 3rd Embedded Software Engineering Congress, 7. bis 9. Dezember 2010, Sindelfingen Y1 - 2010 SP - 378 EP - 386 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Braun, Jürgen A1 - Mottok, Jürgen A1 - Miedl, Christian A1 - Geyer, Dirk A1 - Minas, Mark T1 - Overview and Evaluation of Fail-Safe and Fault-Tolerant Mechanisms for the Electromobility according to ISO26262 T2 - 1st International Electromobility Congress, 12. - 13. 5. 2011, Prague Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Krämer, Stefan A1 - Simsek, Erol A1 - Braun, Jürgen A1 - Deubzer, Michael A1 - Stingl, Armin A1 - Hobelsberger, Martin A1 - Mottok, Jürgen T1 - Mut zu Fehlern, um die Qualität zu steigern – Fault-Injection zur Steigerung der Zuverlässigkeit T2 - Tagungsband, 6th Embedded Software Engineering, Kongress 2013, 2. bis 6. Dezember 2013, Sindelfingen Y1 - 2013 SN - 978-3-8343-2408-5 SP - 577 EP - 585 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Braun, Jürgen A1 - Geyer, Dirk A1 - Mottok, Jürgen T1 - Alternative measure for safety related software JF - ATZelektronik N2 - Wie kann die funktionale Sicherheit in Fahrzeugen zukunftssicher und effektiv gewährleistet werden? Und wie kann dies speziell in elektrifizierten Antrieben gelingen? Mit dieser Aufgabenstellung haben sich AVL in Kooperation mit dem LaS³ und der Universität der Bundeswehr München in einem Forschungsprojekt beschäftigt. Die Antwort lautet: Die automatischen Speichertests in Zusammenspiel mit der Programmfluss-Überwachung und redundanter Hardware können besonders effektiv durch die „Codierte Verarbeitung“ ersetzt werden. Denn hier wird die Diversität in Software erhöht, um die aufwendigere und kostspielige Redundanz von Hardware zu reduzieren. Y1 - 2012 SN - 1862-1791 IS - 04 SP - 40 EP - 43 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Miedl, Christian A1 - Braun, Jürgen T1 - Powertrain and electric system design of a 800-volt all-electric car T2 - European Conference on Nanoelectronics and Embedded Systems for Electric Mobility, eMotion in Smart Cities, 24.-28. September, 2012, Bologna, Italy Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Braun, Peter A1 - Gebhard, Jürgen A1 - Matysik, Frank-Michael A1 - Rabl, Hans-Peter T1 - Potential Technical Approaches for Improving Low-Temperature NOx Conversion of Exhaust Aftertreatment Systems JF - Chemie Ingenieur Technik N2 - Lean-burn engines, such as diesel engines, are widely used in mobile and stationary applications. Operation of lean-burn engines leads to formation of distinct amounts of nitrogen oxides (NO and NO2). Efficient aftertreatment is mandatory to meet legal requirements, especially at low exhaust temperatures, as for the future a decline of the exhaust temperature level can be predicted due to improved engine efficiencies. Within this review, potential technical solutions to enhance the DeNO(x)-aftertreatment efficiency at low exhaust temperatures are presented. KW - DECOMPOSITION KW - Diesel Engine KW - Exhaust aftertreatment KW - IMPACT KW - Low-temperature DeNO(x) KW - NH3 KW - NITRIC-OXIDE KW - Nitrogen oxides KW - OXIDE CATALYST KW - PERFORMANCE KW - PYROLYSIS KW - SCR KW - Selective catalytic reduction KW - SELECTIVE CATALYTIC-REDUCTION KW - UREA HYDROLYSIS Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/cite.201700122 VL - 90 IS - 6 SP - 762 EP - 773 PB - WILEY-VCH ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Broser, Christian A1 - Falter, Thomas A1 - Ławrowski, Robert Damian A1 - Altenbuchner, Amelie A1 - Vögele, Daniel A1 - Koss, Claus A1 - Schlampp, Matthias A1 - Dunnweber, Jan A1 - Steffens, Oliver A1 - Heckner, Markus A1 - Jaritz, Sabine A1 - Schiegl, Thomas A1 - Corsten, Sabine A1 - Lauer, Norina A1 - Guertler, Katherine A1 - Koenig, Eric A1 - Haug, Sonja A1 - Huber, Dominik A1 - Birkenmaier, Clemens A1 - Krenkel, Lars A1 - Wagner, Thomas A1 - Justus, Xenia A1 - Saßmannshausen, Sean Patrick A1 - Kleine, Nadine A1 - Weber, Karsten A1 - Braun, Carina N. A1 - Giacoppo, Giuliano A1 - Heinrich, Michael A1 - Just, Tobias A1 - Schreck, Thomas A1 - Schnabl, Andreas A1 - Gilmore, Amador Téran A1 - Roeslin, Samuel A1 - Schmid, Sandra A1 - Wellnitz, Felix A1 - Malz, Sebastian A1 - Maurial, Andreas A1 - Hauser, Florian A1 - Mottok, Jürgen A1 - Klettke, Meike A1 - Scherzinger, Stefanie A1 - Störl, Uta A1 - Heckner, Markus A1 - Bazo, Alexander A1 - Wolff, Christian A1 - Kopper, Andreas A1 - Westner, Markus A1 - Pongratz, Christian A1 - Ehrlich, Ingo A1 - Briem, Ulrich A1 - Hederer, Sebastian A1 - Wagner, Marcus A1 - Schillinger, Moritz A1 - Görlach, Julien A1 - Hierl, Stefan A1 - Siegl, Marco A1 - Langer, Christoph A1 - Hausladen, Matthias A1 - Schreiner, Rupert A1 - Haslbeck, Matthias A1 - Kreuzer, Reinhard A1 - Brückl, Oliver A1 - Dawoud, Belal A1 - Rabl, Hans-Peter A1 - Gamisch, Bernd A1 - Schmidt, Ottfried A1 - Heberl, Michael A1 - Gänsbauer, Bianca A1 - Bick, Werner A1 - Ellermeier, Andreas A1 - Monkman, Gareth J. A1 - Prem, Nina A1 - Sindersberger, Dirk A1 - Tschurtschenthaler, Karl A1 - Aurbach, Maximilian A1 - Dendorfer, Sebastian A1 - Betz, Michael A. A1 - Szecsey, Tamara A1 - Mauerer, Wolfgang A1 - Murr, Florian ED - Baier, Wolfgang T1 - Forschung 2018 T3 - Forschungsberichte der OTH Regensburg - 2018 KW - Forschung KW - Forschungsbericht Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-13826 SN - 978-3-9818209-5-9 CY - Regensburg ER -