TY - CHAP A1 - Monkman, Gareth J. A1 - Böse, Holger A1 - Ermert, Helmut A1 - Klein, Dagmar A1 - Freimuth, Herbert A1 - Baumann, Míchael A1 - Egersdörfer, Stefan A1 - Bruhns, Otto T. A1 - Meier, Alexander A1 - Raja, Kashif ED - Nerlich, Michael ED - Schächinger, Ulrich T1 - Technologies for Haptic Systems in Telemedicine T2 - Integration of Health Telematics into Medical Practice N2 - The ability to image the elastic properties of tissue is potentially useful in a variety of applications. The field of elastic imaging has grown in response to the Potential use of such information in medical diagnosis. Real time ultrasound elastography represents a recent development in determining strain and elasticity distributions. Nevertheless, commonly used imaging techniques rely on the interpretation of two dimensional visual data displayed on a video screen. In reality however, physicians often prefer tactile exploration making the simultaneous portrayal of both video and haptic information most desirable. Since the 1970's many alphanumeric to tactile data conversion methods have been investigated, mainly with the ultimate aim of assisting the blind. More recently, interest has been directed toward the display of pictures on haptically explorable surfaces - Tactile imaging. Such a system would allow surgeons to examine hard sectors contained within soft tissue, and thereby assist in operations held remotely. The expansion of ultrasound elastography to 3D formats would mean the ability to haptically explore regions of the body normally inaccessible to human hands. For three-dimensional imaging the acquisition of sequential tomographic slices using Elastography, combined with image segmentation, enables the reconstruction, quantification and visualisation of tumour volumes. In a collaborative project between four research Institutes, the aim is to produce a prototype three dimensional tactile displays comprising electrically switchable micromachined cells, whose mechanical moduli are governed by phase changes experienced by electrorheological and/or magnetorheological fluids. This will be integrated with a sensory ultrasonic elastography in order to present the human fingers with controllable surfaces capable of emulating biological tissue, muscle and bone. Y1 - 2003 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-60750-941-7-83 SP - 83 EP - 93 PB - IOS Press ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Böse, Holger A1 - Baumann, Michael A1 - Monkman, Gareth J. A1 - Egersdörfer, Stefan A1 - Tunayar, A. A1 - Freimuth, Herbert A1 - Ermert, Helmut A1 - Khaled, W. T1 - A new ER fluid based haptic actuator system for virtual reality JF - International journal of modern physics / B Condensed matter physics, statistical physics N2 - The concept and some steps in the development of a new actuator system which enables the haptic perception of mechanically inhomogeneous virtual objects are introduced. The system consists of a two-dimensional planar array of actuator elements containing an electrorheological (ER) fluid. When a user presses his fingers onto the surface of the actuator array, he perceives locally variable resistance forces generated by vertical pistons which slide in the ER fluid through the gaps between electrode pairs. The voltage in each actuator element can be individually controlled by a novel sophisticated switching technology based on optoelectric gallium arsenide elements. The haptic information which is represented at the actuator array can be transferred from a corresponding sensor system based on ultrasonic elastography. The combined sensor-actuator system may serve as a technology platform for various applications in virtual reality, like telemedicine where the information on the consistency of tissue of a real patient is detected by the sensor part and recorded by the actuator part at a remote location. Y1 - 2005 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1142/9789812702197_0129 [Titel anhand dieser DOI in Citavi-Projekt übernehmen] VL - 19 IS - 7-9 SP - 1628 EP - 1634 PB - World Scientific Publ. ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Monkman, Gareth J. A1 - Egersdörfer, Stefan A1 - Meier, Alexander A1 - Böse, Holger A1 - Baumann, Michael A1 - Ermert, Helmut A1 - Kahled, W. A1 - Freimuth, Herbert T1 - Technologies for Haptic Displays in Teleoperation JF - Industrial Robot N2 - Since the 1960s many alphanumeric to tactile data conversion methods have been investigated, mainly with the ultimate aim of assisting the blind. More recently, interest has been directed toward the display of pictures on haptically explorable surfaces – tactile imaging – for a range of medical, remote sensing and entertainment purposes. This paper examines the technologies which have been utilised for haptically explorable tactile displays over the past three decades, focussing on those which appear commercially viable in the immediate future. Y1 - 2003 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1108/01439910310506792 SN - 0143-991x VL - 30 IS - 6 SP - 525 EP - 530 PB - Emerald ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Kahled, W. A1 - Reichling, S. A1 - Bruhns, Otto T. A1 - Böse, Holger A1 - Baumann, Michael A1 - Egersdörfer, Stefan A1 - Klein, Dagmar A1 - Tunayer, A. A1 - Freimuth, Herbert A1 - Lorenz, A. A1 - Pessavento, A. A1 - Ermert, Helmut ED - Westwood, James D. ED - Haluck, Randy S. T1 - Palpation Imaging using a Haptic System for Virtual Reality applications in Medicine T2 - Medicine meets virtual reality 12 Y1 - 2004 SP - 147 EP - 153 PB - IOS Press ER -