TY - CHAP A1 - Hinterreiter, Marion A1 - Brückl, Oliver A1 - Rauch, Johannes ED - Schulz, Detlef T1 - Methodology for long-term reactive power forecasts of medium-voltage grids T2 - NEIS 2025 : Conference on Sustainable Energy Supply and Energy Storage Systems, Hamburg, September 15 – 16, 2025 N2 - Understanding and assessing the long-term behavior of reactive power is crucial for power system planning and invest-ment decisions. This is particularly growing relevant for the lower voltage-grid levels, which are gaining importance due to significant changes in grid behavior, operational strategies, energy generation and consumption patterns. Currently, standardized methodologies for forecasting reactive power in medium-voltage grids are lacking, creating a gap in research and practical applications. To optimize grid investments and expansions, informed decisions based on reliable research and accurate forecasts are essential. This paper presents a methodology for long-term reactive power forecasting in me-dium-voltage grids, introducing a new approach to account for low- and medium-voltage grid interactions while address-ing common challenges like limited available grid data and scenario framework definition. The aim of the forecast is the future reactive power behaviour of a medium-voltage-grid at the high-voltage side of the high-voltage to medium-voltage transformer. The medium-voltage-level is modelled using a grid model approach, while low-voltage grids are being mod-elled using generic distribution grids. A 209-bus medium-voltage-grid model is used as an application example and to provide two exemplary use cases for a reactive power forecast for 2045. KW - reactive power KW - forecasting KW - long-term KW - medium-voltage level KW - grid level interaction Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-8007-6633-8 SP - 218 EP - 223 PB - VDE Verlag ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Stadler, Andreas A1 - Kraus, Hermann A1 - Brückl, Oliver ED - Technische Universität München, T1 - Proposing an Optimization Model for a techno-economic Evaluation of Energy Storage Systems T2 - PESS 2025 – IEEE Power and Energy Student Summit, October 08 – 10, 2025 in Munich, Germany N2 - During the global energy crisis in 2022, electricity prices increased drastically. This lead, together with an overall higher price volatility to possibly higher electrical energy storage system (ESS) profitability. To test if the investment in an ESS can now be more profitable, an approach for a techno-economic evaluation of ESS is presented in this paper, using an optimization algorithm to determine the optimal way of covering a load flow profile with electricity trading products on the electricity market with and without the use of an energy storage system. The cost differences between using or not using the storage system are assumed to be the profits of the ESS, which must exceed the (interest-bearing) investment costs over its lifetime. The correct way of operation of the optimization model is validated and several storage sizes and capacities as well as several years of the electricity market data was analyzed, once with a perfect forecast of all prices of the electricity trading products and once with a forecast based on the previous years purchasing strategy. The results show that, using the prognosis and a 2 % p.a. interest rate, only the storage combinations for 2.5 MWh/ 2.5 MW and 1 MWh/ 1 MW show profitability in 2023, whereas 2017 and 2020 show no profitability. KW - energy storage systems KW - techno economic evaluation KW - electricity trading KW - optimization KW - ess profitability Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-8007-6656-7 SP - 97 EP - 102 PB - VDE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Uhl, Julius A1 - Schamel, Marco A1 - Achhammer, Anton A1 - Sterner, Michael T1 - Sustainable Steel Production in the Desert: Economic and Technical Assessment of a Hydrogen-Powered Steel Plant in Mauritania T2 - 2025 IEEE PES/IAS PowerAfrica, 28 September - 02 October 2025, Cairo N2 - The global steel industry is a major contributor to climate change and faces challenges in achieving a carbon-neutral production, hinging on the availability of cost-effective hydrogen produced by renewable energy. Mauritania, with its exceptional solar and wind resources, offers some of the most competitive conditions globally for hydrogen production. Instead of focusing on hydrogen exports, this study explores the technical feasibility and economic viability of establishing a renewable-powered steel plant in Mauritania, utilizing the country’s abundant iron ore reserves. The findings suggest that sustainably produced steel in Mauritania could be cost-competitive with current European prices. With ongoing declines in investment costs for emerging renewable technologies, Mauritania has the potential to become one of the world’s most cost-effective steel producers. KW - hydrogen KW - green steel KW - Mauritania KW - sustainable steel KW - hydrogen integration Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/PowerAfrica65840.2025.11289120 PB - IEEE ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sittl, Christopher A1 - Marburg, Steffen A1 - Deckers, Elke A1 - Wagner, Marcus T1 - Model order reduction for unbounded second-order vibroacoustic systems using infinite elements and Dirichlet-to-Neumann map JF - Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering N2 - This work addresses the efficient numerical simulation of time-harmonic vibroacoustic problems in unbounded domains, with a focus on fluid-structure interaction. The underlying mathematical model is a second-order dynamical system arising from the coupling of structural and acoustic domains, incorporating material damping effects, relevant in structural acoustics and noise control applications. A central novelty of the proposed method is its unified computational framework that supports two distinct strategies for treating unbounded fluid domains: (1) non-local absorbing boundary conditions based on Dirichlet-to-Neumann map, and (2) infinite elements, which extend the computational domain rather than truncate it. Both approaches are integrated into a consistent formulation that enables flexible and accurate modeling of exterior wave propagation. To efficiently evaluate frequency-domain transfer functions, the method employs model order reduction using the Padé-via-Lanczos technique. While this algorithm typically targets first-order systems, the present approach uses a Schur complement strategy to reduce the second-order system in a way that maintains computational efficiency and storage requirements comparable to first-order formulations. Importantly, the framework seamlessly embeds both interior structural damping and the additional dissipation introduced by the acoustic-domain truncation into the model-order reduction process. The exterior acoustic field is represented via spherical harmonic expansions, with expansion coefficients computed from the reduced system. Numerical results demonstrate the method’s accuracy, efficiency, and scalability, making it well-suited for high-fidelity vibroacoustic analysis in unbounded domains. KW - Lanczos algorithm KW - Krylov-subspace projection KW - Dirichlet-to-Neumann map KW - Infinite elements KW - Padé approximation KW - Fluid-structure interaction KW - Acoustics KW - Spherical harmonics Y1 - 2026 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cma.2026.118846 VL - 453 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Finckh, Wolfgang A1 - Kreutz, Johannes A1 - Eberth, Florian T1 - Brückenverstärkung mit geklebter Bewehrung N2 - Dieses Buch widmet sich der Verstärkung von Stahlbeton- und Spannbetonbrücken mit geklebter Bewehrung. Dazu werden zunächst die verschieden Verstärkungsgründe für Brücken sowie deren Beanspruchungsarten vorgestellt. Danach werden die Anwendungsmöglichkeiten der geklebten Bewehrung vorgestellt und die rechnerischen Herausforderungen sowie der Lösungsmöglichkeiten erläutert. Im nächsten Kapitel wird vertieft auf die rechnerischen Besonderheiten von Spannbetonverstärkungen mit geklebter Bewehrung eingegangen. Da für die Verbundnachweise der geklebten Bewehrung im Brückenbau einen Betriebsfestigkeit notwendig ist, wird dieser zunächst am Stahlbetonbauteil erläutert. Danach werden die erforderlichen Ermüdungsnachweise für aufgeklebte und eingeklebte Bewehrung im Brückenbau behandelt. Abschließend wird noch ein Verfahren vorgestellt, wie spannungsrisskorrosionsgefährdete Bauteile verstärkt werden können. Die im Buch vorgestellten theoretischen Grundlagen werden anhand zahlreicher Abbildungen verdeutlicht. Zu jedem Thema sind zum besseren Verständnis umfangreiche Bemessungsbeispiele mit Praxisbezug enthalten. KW - Brückenverstärkung KW - CFK-Lamellen KW - Spannbetonverstärkung KW - eingeklebte Bewehrung KW - aufgeklebte Bewehrung Y1 - 2025 SN - 9783658492571 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-49258-8 PB - Springer Vieweg CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Finckh, Wolfgang T1 - Mit Stabwerkmodellen zur Bewehrungsführung: Detailnachweise im Stahlbetonbau T3 - erfolgreich studieren N2 - Aufbauend auf den Grundlagen des Stahlbetonbaus wird in diesem Lehrbuch das Konzept der Bemessung von Stahlbetonkonstruktionen mittels Stabwerkmodellen erläutert. Dieses Bemessungskonzept wird insbesondere im Bereich der Detailnachweise und bei gedrungenen Tragwerken im Stahlbetonbau benötigt. Neben der generellen Modellbildung und Nachweismethodik werden auch die üblichen Modelle und Nachweise für häufig vorkommende Details vorgestellt. Hierbei werden insbesondere Krafteinleitungsbereiche, Konsolen, ausgeklinkte Auflager, Rahmenknoten, Querschnittssprünge, Trägeröffnungen, Wandartige Träger, Köcherfundamente und Pfahlkopfplatte detailliert behandelt. Die im Lehrbuch vorgestellten theoretische Grundlagen werden anhand zahlreicher Abbildungen erläuterten. In jedem Kapitel sind zum besseren Verständnis umfangreiche Bemessungsbeispiele mit Praxisbezug enthalten. KW - Stabwerk KW - Stabwerksmodelle KW - Stabkräfte KW - Zugkräfte KW - Druckkräfte KW - Konsolen KW - Auflager KW - Abgesetzte Auflager KW - Stegöffnungen KW - Wandartige Träger Y1 - 2025 SN - 9783658488550 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-48856-7 SN - 2524-8693 PB - Springer Fachmedien CY - Wiesbaden ET - 2. Auflage ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schiek, Roland A1 - Solntsev, Alexander S. A1 - Neshev, Dragomir N. T1 - Measurement of the cubic nonlinear susceptibility in lithium niobate JF - Optical Materials Express N2 - We measured the cubic nonlinear susceptibility tensor elements ( χ(3)) for polarization along the primary crystallographic axis in titanium-indiffused lithium niobate waveguides, assessed through self-phase modulation using picosecond-duration pulses at telecommunication wavelengths. A dominant, highly temperature- and wavelength-dependent contribution from a cascaded second-order nonlinearity is observed. Through careful extraction of the cascaded effect, we quantify the intrinsic third-order susceptibility tensor elements as χ(3) zzzz(ω; ω, ω, −ω) = (5.2 ± 1.3) × 10−21 m2 V2 and χ(3) xxxx(ω; ω, ω, −ω) = χ(3) yyyy(ω; ω, ω, −ω) = (3.6 ± 0.8) × 10−21 m2 V2 . These measurements underscore the substantial impact of the cascaded nonlinearity in enhancing the effective cubic nonlinearity in lithium niobate and offer precise values essential for the design of nonlinear photonic devices. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1364/OME.557516 SN - 2159-3930 N1 - Corresponding author der OTH Regensburg: Schiek, Roland VL - 15 IS - 5 SP - 1100 EP - 1117 PB - Optica Publishing Group ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Linner, Thomas A1 - de Soto, Borja García A1 - El-Mahdy, Deena A1 - Gonzalez, Vicente A. T1 - Topical collection: robotic solutions for digitally enabled production processes in construction JF - Construction Robotics N2 - Across the global construction sector, a new generation of robotic systems is rapidly entering the market. Solutions for on-site drilling, spraying, masonry, logistics, and finishing are now being piloted at an unprecedented pace. Their deployment in emerging construction robotics hubs in Singapore, Hong Kong, Canada, Dubai, Abu Dhabi, Egypt, Denmark, Switzerland, and Germany demonstrates both the momentum of this technological shift and the considerable challenges that remain. In real-world testing environments, the integration of these robots into digital construction pipelines—particularly BIM-to-robot workflows, semantic task modeling, and robust digital twins—continues to be a bottleneck. These challenges position digitally enabled fabrication and robotics as a priority topic within academia, motivating research on methods, techniques, algorithms, and workflows that can accelerate adoption in construction. This Topical Collection brings together research spanning the emerging landscape of digitally enabled construction robotics. The contributions advance robotic fabrication, from flexible timber processes to innovative formwork, reinforcement, and earth-based additive methods, alongside computer vision, BIM integration, and sensing approaches that improve monitoring and quality assurance. The collection also includes mobile and aerial systems for inspection and mapping to support system autonomy in construction. Together, these works show how integrated perception, planning, and sociotechnical understanding of human–robot collaboration are becoming essential for reliable robotic performance in construction. While current construction robots still focus on simple, structured tasks, the advances in this topical collection point toward a more capable generation. Contributions outline principles for robot-compatible buildings through new fabrication logics and BIM-linked task data, while work on perception, BIM integration, and data fusion reduces interoperability gaps. Research on sensing and adaptive processes supports more consistent workflows, and mobile and aerial robotics provide insights for deployment and site logistics. Collectively, these developments show how digitally enabled production processes can help to overcome key systemic barriers and enable future, scalable construction robotics. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s41693-025-00174-w SN - 2509-811X N1 - Corresponding author der OTH Regensburg: Linner, Thomas VL - 10 PB - Springer ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weindler, Jeremy A1 - Dawoud, Belal T1 - Experimental investigation of a small-scale continuous flow ohmic heating reactor for a highly effective conversion of renewable electricity surpluses into heat JF - Applied Thermal Engineering N2 - Sector coupling is expected to play a decisive role as a key technology to realize the energy transition towards green energy supply. This work introduces, therefore, a comprehensive experimental study on a new power-to-heat system based on the continuous-flow, ohmic heating principle, which aims at utilizing renewable electricity in green processes. The ohmic heating technology, which is widely applied in the food industry, has been adapted and evaluated for delivering heat and domestic hot water to a single-family house. The introduced prototype is designed to convert renewable electricity into heat in the power range between 1000 and 3000 W with a typical electrical household installation (230 V, 50 Hz and 16 A fuse). A dedicated test rig has been developed and a comprehensive experimental campaign has been carried out to investigate the performance of the introduced system under typical operating conditions of a single-family house. Both the conversion efficiency and the dynamics of the thermal response of the introduced system have been assessed. It turned out that, the temperature lift between the return and supply of the reactor, and consequently, the conversion efficiency of electrical into thermal energy, are independent on the return temperature, for a fixed value of the volume flow rate of the electrolyte solution. A remarkable steady-state conversion efficiency of 97.5% has been measured. In addition, the dynamic response of the ohmic heating system has been found to be strongly dependent on the desired temperature lift. By an implemented controller, 95% of the steady state temperature lift of 44.5 K can be realized in 50 s, which marks an exceptionally rapid thermal response. The obtained results pave the way towards a field test study of the developed technology in a real household installation as well as to extend the focus on new fields such as green chemical processes. KW - renewable energy KW - Ohmic-heating KW - Power-to-heat KW - Sector coupling KW - Energy surpluses Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2024.122401 SN - 1359-4311 N1 - Corresponding author der OTH Regensburg: Dawoud, Belal VL - 242 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weindler, Jeremy A1 - Lehner, Hannes A1 - Eckstein, J. A1 - Dawoud, Belal T1 - Performance assessment of a green hydrogen-based household energy system supported by a battery storage at different resolutions of the electrical load profile JF - International Journal of Hydrogen Energy N2 - Hydrogen deems quite suitable for medium- and long-term energy storage of surplus renewable electricity. Nowadays, all-in-one solutions consisting of an electrolyzer, a compressor, pressurized hydrogen storage tanks, a fuel cell (FC) and the necessary peripheral components are available for single family houses. This work presents a comparative assessment of the system’s key performance indicators in a household system with three market available FCs with the nominal powers of 0.8, 1.4 and 7.8 kW. The design tool developed for the assessment of the hybrid energy system along with two energy management system configurations are introduced. An electrochemical and thermal model widely applied in the literature is used to model the FCs, which is validated against the available experimental data in the literature for all three FCs. The influence of the FCs’ nominal power, their power dynamic operation range, the use of a battery storage with different capacities and the load profile’s resolution have been technically assessed regarding the system’s self-sufficiency (SS), the FC’s efficiency, full-load operating hours, and number of on/off cycles. It turned out that, the system performance is strongly dependent on the nominal power of the FC and its power dynamic operation range. If no battery-storage is applied, the complete grid independence is not possible, and a high resolution of the load profile is indispensable in the assessment of the system design. A hybrid energy system comprising the 1.4 kW FC, a PV system of 10 kW peak power and a battery of 15 kW storage capacity showed a degree of SS of 98%. The number of the full-load operating hours and on/off cycles of that FC amount to 768 and 116 cycles, respectively. Such promising results are referred to the high dynamic operation range of the battery, and its high discharge power capacity, which makes it more suitable to cover a remarkably higher fraction of the load deficit, if compared to a system without a battery. KW - Hybrid energy storage KW - Battery KW - Hydrogen KW - Fuel cell KW - PV KW - Load profile resolution Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.04.431 SN - 0360-3199 N1 - Corresponding author der OTH Regensburg: Dawoud, Belal VL - 144 SP - 30 EP - 41 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gutbrod, Max A1 - Rauber, David A1 - Weber Nunes, Danilo A1 - Palm, Christoph T1 - OpenMIBOOD's classification models for the MIDOG, PhaKIR, and OASIS-3 benchmarks [Data set] N2 - These models are provided for evaluating post-hoc out-of-distribution methods on the three OpenMIBOOD benchmarks: MIDOG, PhaKIR, and OASIS-3. When using these models, make sure to give appropriate credit and cite the OpenMIBOOD publication. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14982267 N1 - Software Repository URL https://github.com/remic-othr/OpenMIBOOD ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gutbrod, Max A1 - Rauber, David A1 - Weber Nunes, Danilo A1 - Palm, Christoph T1 - Cropped single instrument frames subset from Cholec80 [Data set] N2 - This dataset is a subset of the original Cholec80 dataset and is used by the OpenMIBOOD framework to evaluate a specific out-of-distribution setting. When using this dataset, it is mandatory to cite the corresponding publication (OpenMIBOOD) and to follow the acknowledgement and citation requirements of the original dataset (Cholec80). The original Cholec80 dataset (associated paper,Homepage) consists of 80 cholecystectomy surgery videos recorded at 25 fps, performed by 13 surgeons. It includes phase annotations (25 fps) and tool presence labels (1 fps), with phase definitions provided by a senior surgeon. A tool is considered present if at least half of its tip is visible. The dataset categorizes tools into seven types: Grasper, Bipolar, Hook, Scissors, Clipper, Irrigator, and Specimen bag. Multiple tools may be present in each frame. Additionally, 76 of the 80 videos exhibit a strong black vignette. For this dataset subset, frames were extracted based on tool presence labels, selecting only those containing Grasper, Bipolar, Hook, or Clipper while ensuring that only a single tool appears per frame. To enhance visual consistency, the black vignette was removed by extracting an inner rectangular region, where applicable. KW - Tool Presence Detection KW - Cholecystectomy KW - Laparoscopic KW - Deep Learning KW - Out-Of-Distribution Detection Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14921670 N1 - Related works Is derived from Journal article: 10.1109/TMI.2016.2593957 Software Repository URL https://github.com/remic-othr/OpenMIBOOD ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kriegl, Raphael T1 - Sessile droplet fitting (Version v1.0b) [Data set] Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7464158 N1 - Related works: is supplement to https://github.com/rk-exxec/sessile_droplet_fitting/tree/v1.0b (URL) ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Finckh, Wolfgang A1 - Aicher, Magdalena T1 - Vergleich verschiedener Berechnungsverfahren von Pfahlkopfplatten N2 - Der Bericht beschäftigt sich mit dem Vergleich verschiedener Berechnungsverfahren zur Bemessung von Pfahlkopfplatten. Im Rahmen eines konkreten Berechnungsbeispiels, werden das klassisch ebene Stabwerkmodell, ein räumliches Stabwerkmodell und eine computergestützte Berechnungsmethode mittels der 3D-Detail-Anwendung von IDEA StatiCa angewendet und im Anschluss analysiert und miteinander verglichen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass ebene Stabwerkmodelle auch bei räumlichem Tragverhalten eine wirtschaftliche Bemessung ermöglichen können. Durch ihre idealisierten Annahmen eigenen sie sich besonders für eine effiziente Vorbemessung bei vergleichsweise geringem Aufwand. Demgegenüber erfassen räumliche Stabwerkmodelle den Kraftfluss deutlich präziser, erlauben die realitätsnahe Identifikation kritischer Beanspruchungszonen und berücksichtigen komplexe Tragmechanismen. Der erhöhte Modellierungsaufwand sowie die eingeschränkte normative Grundlage führen jedoch zu konservativen Annahmen, insbesondere bei der Bemessung räumlicher Knotenbereiche. Mit der 3D-Detail-Anwendung bietet IDEA StatiCa ein sehr genaues, umfangreiches und norm-gerechtes Bemessungstool für Diskontinuitätsbereiche. Die grafische Aufbereitung der Ergebnisse ist übersichtlich gestaltet, jedoch bleiben die zugrundeliegenden Rechenschritte für den Anwender kaum nachvollziehbar. Da es sich um eine noch junge Software handelt, ist auch die Verfügbarkeit von Fachinformation, insbesondere zur Fehlerdiagnose oder bei Anwendungsfragen, derzeit noch eingeschränkt. Insgesamt weisen alle untersuchten Methoden spezifische Vor- und Nachteile auf. Zum Zeitpunkt dieser Arbeit erscheint eine Kombination aus einer Vorbemessung mit ebener Stabwerkmodellen und eine anschließende räumliche Bemessung mittels IDEA StatiCa als sinnvoll. Für die wirtschaftliche Anwendung räumlicher Stabwerkmodelle besteht weiterhin Entwicklungsbedarf, insbesondere hinsichtlich standardisierter Knotentypen und deren praktikabler Bemessung. Y1 - 2026 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-88708 CY - Regensburg ER - TY - THES A1 - Paric, Ivan T1 - Erfassung und in situ Aussteuerung der rheologischen Eigenschaften von SVB N2 - Diese Arbeit diskutiert den Einsatz eines neuen rheologischen Messsystems. Die rheologischen Untersuchungen finden unmittelbar nach der Herstellung im Mischer statt. Mischungen verschiedener SVB-Rezepturen wurden mit variierenden w/z-Werten hergestellt. Die einzelnen rheologischen Messergebnisse liefern aneinandergereiht Kennlinien. Solche Kennlinien erlauben die zahlenmäßige Definition einer angestrebten Konsistenz. Zusätzlich wurden Kennlinien mit Fließmitteln und Stabilisierern generiert. Diese Kennlinien bilden eine Art Wissensdatenbank für die untersuchte Rezeptur. Ein neu entwickelter Algorithmus kann die rheologischen Messwerte einer aktuellen Mischung mit der jeweiligen Wissensdatenbank vergleichen. Bei Abweichungen von der angestrebten Konsistenz berechnet das Aussteuerungssystem die Art und Menge einer zusätzlich erforderlichen Komponente. Versuchsserien an SVBs mit abweichender Konsistenz belegen die erfolgreichen Aussteuerungen mit Wasser oder Zusatzmittel. KW - Selbstverdichtender Beton KW - Rheologie KW - Konsistenz KW - Viskosität KW - Fließgrenze Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:294-104639 CY - Bochum ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kraus, Richard A1 - Knipfer, Maximilian A1 - Jacob, Matthias A1 - Kienninger, Baerbel A1 - Alikhani, Jasmine A1 - Ghamsary, Parham Heydarzadeh A1 - Reinker, Lukas A1 - Adler, Ina A1 - Dendorfer, Sebastian A1 - Kieninger, Martin T1 - Effectiveness and safety of techniques for cervical spine immobilization in mountain rescue JF - Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine N2 - Background Cervical spine injuries in alpine sports require immediate immobilization at the site of the accident to avoid possible secondary damage caused by transportation. Using special sensor technology, this study investigated whether a cervical spine orthosis (cervical collar, Stifneck collar (Laerdal Medical GmbH, Puchheim, Germany)) provides greater stability than a vacuum mattress alone. Methods Using one male test person, we simulated transporting a patient with a spinal injury in steep alpine terrain. A wireless motion capture system (Xsens Technologies, Movella™ Inc., Henderson, USA) was used to record motion in three-dimensional space within a standardized environment. All tests were performed on a set course by the Bavarian Mountain Rescue Service. The test person lay on a mountain rescue stretcher and was immobilized with a vacuum mattress, either with or without a cervical orthosis. The axes of cervical spine movements were analyzed separately. Results There were no significant differences between immobilization with and without a cervical orthosis with regard to lateral flexion (max. 3.7° compared to 3.0°) in the frontal plane and maximum excursion in flexion (max. 1.6° compared to 2.8°) or extension (max. -1.6° compared to -1.7°). There was significantly greater rotation movement around the craniocaudal axis without an orthosis (max. 2.4° compared to 1.3°). Conclusion During mountain rescues, the cervical spine can be immobilized without a rigid cervical spine orthosis. Future research should explore the fundamental benefits of cervical spine immobilization, while the findings of this work contribute to the safe care of patients by avoiding the disadvantages associated with rigid cervical orthoses. KW - Mountain rescue KW - Orthosis KW - Cervical spine KW - Immobilization KW - Vacuum mattress Y1 - 2026 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s13049-025-01530-z VL - 34 PB - Springer ER - TY - GEN A1 - Michel, Johanna A1 - Krenkel, Lars T1 - Experimental Investigation of Shear-Induced Generation of Respiratory Aerosol: Simultaneous Measurements of Particle Quantities and Wave Topology T2 - 2nd European Fluid Dynamics Conference (EFDC2), 26-29 August 2025, Dublin, Ireland N2 - Despite the high level of attention on infectious respiratory aerosol during the Covid19 pandemic, little is known about the processes how these particles form inside the respiratory system. Understanding the underlying fluid mechanical processes and their influencing factors would enable the development of drugs to suppress the generation of infectious aerosol. In the proposed work, we focus on the shear-induced mechanism of aerosol generation, which is supposed to occur mostly in the larger airways during coughing. In this process, high air velocities trigger Kelvin-Helmholtz waves in the mucus film, which lines the air vessels. Through a series of instabilities, particles detach from the crest of these waves. In the proposed work, we investigate the process of shear-induced aerosol generation in idealized experiments where we vary the air-flow characteristics and the properties of the mucus fluid. Our central aim here is to deduct an empirical model of the quantity and size distribution of generated particles depending on the mucus rheology and the local shear flow. Further, we observe the wave topology to better understand the coupling between the air flow and the waves. In our experimental setup, we measure the quantity of created particles and the emerging waves simultaneously. To ensure controllable conditions, we simplify the complex flow conditions in the airways. We use a rectangular channel with the bottom wall covered in a mucus mimetic. The mucus mimetic fluid is a synthetic hydrogel developed to recreate the viscoelastic properties and low surface tensions of the mucus. Filtered pressurized air is guided through the channel to trigger shear-induced aerosol generation. After passing the mucus mimetic, the air enters into a collection chamber from where particles are sampled continuously by an aerosol spectrometer. To measure wave topology, we use planar laser induced fluorescence. For this, we stain the mucus mimetic with fluorescent dyes and illuminate a line on the surface of the fluid film with a 532 nm laser. A high-resolution camera captures the resulting fluorescent glow of the mucus mimetic. Figure 1 presents exemplary wave topology results from the experiments, employing varying air flow volume rates, mucus mimetic gel properties, and different configurations of the laser and camera. The resulting wave topologies exhibit significant variation. For the conference, we will conduct parameter studies of the particle quantities and wave topology while varying the mucus mimetic properties and the flow rate of the air. Additionally, we will present grid projection-based techniques to extend the single-line wave measurements and asses the entire surface of the mucus film. Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-88593 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Galka, Stefan A1 - Strassburger, Steffen A1 - Lang, Sebastian A1 - Reggelin, Tobias ED - Bui, Tung T1 - Introduction to the Minitrack on Simulation Modeling and Digital Twins for Decision Making in the Age of Industry 4.0 T2 - Proceedings of the 57th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS), January3-6, 2024, Honolulu, Hawaii N2 - The minitrack contains contributions with a focus on simulation modeling and digital twins and decision making in the context of Industry 4.0. The use of simulation models and digital twins is manifold, from planning to virtual commission and real-time operational decision support. Cyber-physical systems integrate the real world and the virtual world to enable decision making in the age of Industry 4.0. For example, customer decisions and supply disruptions which directly influence manufacturing and logistics systems require immediate decisions. Thus, models must have the capability to support decision making in manufacturing as well as in internal and external logistics in real-time. Methods include discrete-event simulation, discrete-rate simulation, hybrid simulation, system dynamics simulation, the combination of simulation modeling with machine learning or optimization heuristics, prescriptive analytics, and adaptive systems. Furthermore, this minitrack addresses simulation education and simulation models used for education and training in manufacturing and logistics. Y1 - 2024 SN - 978-0-9981331-7-1 U6 - https://doi.org/10.24251/HICSS.2024.206 SP - 1647 EP - 1648 PB - ScholarSpace ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Bock, Sebastian A1 - Schwarz, Philipp A1 - Weiß, Martin G. ED - Yang, Xin-She T1 - U-Shape Phenomenon with Gaussian Noise and Clipped Inputs T2 - Proceedings of Eighth International Congress on Information and Communication Technology. - (ICICT 2023, London, Volume 3) N2 - Object detection and recognition is a core task in machine vision. Both the position and the rotation of the objects are of interest. Common algorithms for object recognition based on neural networks use a regression formulation and are aimed at changing environments. In industrial applications, the setting is different: One would like to determine with high accuracy, the pose of known objects. We are investigating a prototype application in this field, where we identify the rotation of an object in a plane. We use common network architectures and provide an overview of how well they are suited for this purpose. In addition, we compare our results with standard image processing algorithms, paying particular attention to the accuracy with metrics relevant in the industry. Moreover, an U-shape phenomenon with disturbed data occurred during the experiments, which is partially explained analytically. KW - Neural networks KW - Pose estimation KW - U-shape Y1 - 2023 SN - 978-981-99-3042-5 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-3043-2_45 SP - 569 EP - 579 PB - Springer CY - Singapore ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zellner, Gregor T1 - Ein Grundriss der Wissenschaftsdisziplin Wirtschaftsinformatik JF - BIT Banking and Information Technology N2 - Dieser Beitrag gibt einen Grundriss der Wissenschaftsdisziplin Wirtschaftsinformatik (WI) und ihrer Entwicklung. Hierzu wird zunächst der Gegenstand der WI näher betrachtet, nämlich die Informationssysteme. Dann wird erläutert, welche Ziele die WI verfolgt. Da WI ein interdisziplinäres Fach ist, werden anschließend die bestimmenden Basiswissenschaften der WI im Rahmen des Grundsystems der Wissenschaften dargestellt. Dabei wird deutlich, dass der Einfluss unterschiedlicher Disziplinen den Methodenpluralismus in der WI befördert. Im Beitrag werden die zwei grundlegenden Forschungsparadigmen in Form des verhaltensorientierten und des gestaltungsorientierten Ansatzes näher betrachtet. Nach einem kurzen Einblick in die zeitliche Entwicklung der deutschsprachigen WI werden die Themen-und Tätigkeitsfelder der WI näher erörtert. Abschließend wird ein Ausblick auf die Herausforderungen in der WI gegeben. KW - Wissenschaftsdisziplin Wirtschaftsinformatik Y1 - 2024 VL - Band 25, März 2024 IS - 1 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ortner, Martina A1 - Kökten, Rabia T1 - Rechtsextremismus transnational betrachtet : das Forschungsprojekt zur Ülkücü-Bewegung in Bayern stellt sich vor JF - RadiX – Zeitschrift für Radikalisierungsforschung und Prävention N2 - Deutschland ist eine postmigrantische Gesellschaft. Die damit einhergehende Pluralität beschränkt sich nicht nur auf Herkünfte und Biografien, sondern spiegelt sich auch in Lebensentwürfen und politischen Einstellungen wider, die nicht nur demokratisch, sondern menschenverachtend-völkisch und antidemokratisch sein können. Im Projekt ReTra geht es darum, mehr über Strukturen, Akteur:innen und Aktivitäten von türkischen extrem rechten Organisationen in Bayern zu erfahren. Dabei wird der Einfluss von politischen Veränderungen in der Türkei miteinbezogen. Das Projekt leistet einen Beitrag zur Rechtsextremismusforschung unter Berücksichtigung sich aufspannender transnationaler sozialer Räume. Die qualitative Studie wird ergänzt durch einen partizipativen Forschungsansatz, in dem zivilgesellschaftlich Aktive als Co-Forschende einbezogen werden. Fortlaufend wird die Fachdiskussion mit einschlägigen Wissenschaftler:innen geführt. So entsteht ein Netzwerk, durch das ein kontinuierlicher Forschungs-Praxis Austausch ermöglicht wird. Durch eine Handreichung leistet das Projekt einen Beitrag für die zivilgesellschaftliche Praxis und darüber hinaus für ein demokratisches Miteinander. Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-84211 SN - 2944-1382 N1 - Online First-Beitrag VL - 1 IS - 2 PB - Verlag Barbara Budrich ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zellner, Gregor A1 - Paul, Dennis T1 - Ein strukturierter Vergleich ausgewählter Process Mining Tools JF - BIT Banking and Information Technology N2 - Die Notwendigkeit zur Optimierung und Automatisierung von Ablaufen in Unternehmen nimmt mit zunehmender Digitalisierung an Fahrt auf. Zur Unterstützung dieses Trends haben sich in den letzten Jahren einige Tools im Themenbereich Process Mining entwickelt und etabliert. Ziel dieser Untersuchung ist es, systematisch ausgewählte Tools anhand eines vorhandenen, aber weiterentwickelten Kriterienkatalogs zu vergleichen und damit dem Anwender eine strukturierte Einsicht in den aktuellen Markt der Process Mining Tools zu geben. Aus einer Auswahl von 44 Tools werden acht Tools genauer untersucht. Die letztendliche Auswahl hängt von vielen unternehmensindividuellen Faktoren ab, so dass kein pauschaler Vorschlag für das geeignetste Tool gegeben werden kann. KW - Process Mining KW - Vergleich KW - Tools Y1 - 2023 VL - Band 24, Oktober 2023 IS - 2 ER - TY - THES A1 - Eigenberger, Andreas T1 - Die Auswirkungen der mechanischen Kräfte eines innovativen Operationsverfahrens für die intraoperative Gewebezubereitung bei autologem Fetttransfer auf das Fettgewebe und dessen Stammzellen Y1 - 2024 SP - 235 Blätter CY - Regensburg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Empacher, Christina A1 - Kamps, Udo A1 - Schmiedt, Anja Bettina T1 - Prediction intervals for future Pareto record claims JF - European Actuarial Journal N2 - Stochastic models and methods for quantifying extreme events are of interest in numerous disciplines. Within this paper, statistical prediction of extreme claims or losses in insurance industry is considered based on upper record values, which describe successively largest observations in a sequence of data over time. The problem of predicting a future record value (here in particular, a future record claim) based on a sequence of previously observed record values (here, past record claims) is addressed by means of prediction intervals. For an underlying Pareto distribution, respective exact and approximate intervals from the literature are summarized and modified and new ones are developed. In a simulation study, these prediction intervals are evaluated and compared regarding coverage frequency and length. The impact of the number of observed record values as well as the choice of the Pareto distribution is discussed. In the case of a small number of record values, the use of k-th record values is considered as an option for statistical analyses to predict, e.g., second largest record claims. Selected prediction methods are applied to several real data sets, which turn out to perform well and to be able to capture the magnitude of future record claims, even for fairly small numbers of record observations. For comparison, generalized Pareto distributions are fitted to real data sets and a corresponding point predictor as well as a respective upper prediction interval for the next record to appear are derived and evaluated. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s13385-024-00397-1 SN - 2190-9733 VL - 15 IS - 1 SP - 163 EP - 197 PB - Springer ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Schuhegger, Lukas A1 - Galka, Stefan T1 - Herausforderungen von produzierenden Startups N2 - Startups bringen mit ihrer Dynamik und neuen innovativen Geschäftsmodellen frischen Wind in die deutsche Unternehmenslandschaft. Die disruptiven Ansätze gestalten die Zukunft und damit geraten sie immer weiter in den Fokus, unter anderem auch für Investoren. Das Ziel der Studie ist es, Zusammenhänge zwischen Herausforderungen und Eigenschaften von produzierenden Startups darzulegen. Dieses Wissen soll an andere Startups weitergegeben werden, um die Erfolgschancen in der Gründerszene zu erhöhen. Im Juli 2021 wurde hierzu eine Umfrage entworfen, um die Erfahrungen von Gründern und Startup-Mitarbeitern zu sammeln und die spezifischen Herausforderungen besser zu verstehen. KW - Unternehmensgründung KW - Produktion KW - Studie KW - Logistik KW - Herausforderungen KW - Herausforderung bei der Gründung KW - Technologie Start-ups KW - Hochlauf KW - Phasenmodell Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-88520 ER -