TY - CHAP A1 - Riemann, Janine A1 - Klug, Katharina A1 - Christ, Luisa A1 - Stadler, Sebastian T1 - Impact of Social Features on User Experience in Sport Tracking Applications T2 - 2025 11th International HCI and UX Conference in Indonesia (CHIuXiD), 05-06. December 2025, Bali, Indonesia N2 - Sport-tracking applications can enhance physical activity but may also induce stress through social comparison. This study examines how social comparison features influence user experience (UX), focusing on motivation, stress, and mental well-being. A survey of 101 German sport-tracking app users assessed intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, perceived stress, self-efficacy, enjoyment, social comparison orientation, and UX. Results reveal that higher social comparison consistently lowers intrinsic motivation, raises extrinsic motivation, and increases stress levels, while positive UX boosts intrinsic motivation and enjoyment and indirectly buffers stress. In particular, users who frequently evaluate their performance against others reported greater pressure to perform, heightened frustration, and a stronger focus on external validation. integrating adaptive feedback, and offering customizable social elements. Overall, the study contributes to understanding how UX and motivational dynamics interact in digital health tools and provides guidance for developing psychologically informed, health-oriented app environments. Conversely, app designs prioritizing mastery and personal progress over competitive ran kings foster autonomy, competence, and relatedness, supporting mental health and long-term adherence. These findings highlight the ambivalent effects of social features and underscore the need for sport-tracking apps to minimize harmful comparisons and promote self-determined motivation through supportive, user-friendly features. Practical implications include designing for sustainable engagement and well-being rather than exclusive competition. Y1 - 2025 SN - 979-8-3315-5572-6 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/CHIuXiD68326.2025.11323615 SP - 25 EP - 30 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hoffmann, Tim A1 - Dietrich, Florian A1 - Melzer, Matthias A1 - Dünnweber, Jan ED - Yurish, Sergey Y. T1 - A Code Generation Framework for Indoor Robot Applications Based on Building Information Modeling (BIM) T2 - Automation, Robotics & Communications for Industry 4.0/5.0: Proceedings of the 6th Winter IFSA Conference on Automation, Robotics & Communications for Industry 4.0/5.0/6.0 (ARCI' 2026) 25-27 February 2026 Salzburg, Austria N2 - We present BIM2Robot, a framework connecting the digital planning world (Building Information Modeling) with real-world robotics. The aim of the tools we developed is to convert building data from IFC building plans (Industry Foundation Classes) such that autonomous robots can use them for navigation and task planning. Conventional robotics systems rely on hard-coded maps or proprietary data. In the BIM2Robot framework, we generate a robot-compatible building model automatically from existing BIM data. This model describes rooms, walls, doors, and connections allowing robots to understand their environment, move around in it, and carry out useful missions. Besides the data transformation tools, our software framework comprises a graphical user interface which allows for interactive planning, path visualization and remote process control. The generated building model can be used directly by ROS-compliant robots or in robot simulation environments, forming a basis for navigation, perception, and interaction. The manual post-processing of the generated robot motion plans is supported at GUI- and also at code-level. Y1 - 2026 UR - https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Sergey-Yurish/publication/401427390_Automation_Robotics_Communications_for_Industry_405060/links/69a567ae16faea00ba9b9b02/Automation-Robotics-Communications-for-Industry-40-50-60.pdf#page=41 SN - 978-84-09-82030-6 SP - 40 EP - 44 PB - IFSA ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Bachir, Hussein A1 - Weikl, Simone T1 - Identifying Cyclist Riding Styles Using Drone-Based Trajectory Data and Volatility Clustering in Free-Flow Traffic Conditions T2 - 2025 IEEE 28th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC), 18-21. November 2025, Gold Coast, Australia N2 - Cycling is increasingly promoted as a sustainable and healthy urban transportation mode. However, understanding cyclists' behavior remains underdeveloped compared to car drivers' behavior research. This paper proposes a two-level unsupervised clustering framework to identify cyclist riding styles in free flow conditions from drone-recorded trajectory data. The first level classifies local riding behavior at the timestamp level using riding volatility measures. The second level identifies overall cyclist behavior through clustering entropy measures, mean rotation fluctuation and surrounding traffic density at the trajectory level. The method was applied to a dataset of 284 trajectories and 100,000 data points from a 500-meter urban road segment in Munich, Germany and revealed two riding patterns on both levels: stable and volatile. The findings highlight the influence of road design clarity and behavioral variability and provide a foundation for cyclist-focused behavior and infrastructure analysis. Y1 - 2025 SN - 979-8-3315-2418-0 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC60802.2025.11423140 SP - 233 EP - 240 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Norbisrath, Ulrich A1 - Rossi, Bruno A1 - Jubeh, Ruben A1 - Heydarov, Araz T1 - Multi-Stage Testing for Open Source IoT Frameworks T2 - 2025 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC), 5-8. October 2025, Vienna N2 - The Internet of Things (IoT) has rapidly evolved, integrating networked intelligence into a web of things, servers, and cloudlets. Although there are various tools and approaches for software testing, the broader field of IoT testing presents unique challenges due to the heterogeneity of devices, large-scale deployments, dynamic environments, and real-time needs. This paper presents our approach to developing a multi-stage testing framework for the IoTempower framework, addressing the challenges of testing a versatile and evolving open-source Internet-of-Things framework used extensively in educational settings and beyond. The framework incorporates compilation testing, integration testing, and system testing with a focus on regression testing. This multi-stage testing approach allows us to validate the framework’s functionality at various granularities, from the correct compilation of individual drivers to the seamless interaction of deployed hardware. This approach aims to proactively identify and prevent regressions, facilitating the integration of new features and enhancements without losing our scope of providing a real hands-on IoT experience in the classroom. Y1 - 2025 SN - 979-8-3315-3358-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/SMC58881.2025.11343478 SP - 4685 EP - 4690 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Barik, Ranjan Kumar A1 - Rawat, Vikram Singh A1 - Manna, Subhrajit A1 - Bandyopadhyay, Ayan Kumar A1 - Hausladen, Matthias A1 - Asgharzade, Ali A1 - Schreiner, Rupert T1 - On Chip Electron Gun Design Using Silicon Tip Field Emitter Array T2 - 2025 IEEE Microwaves, Antennas, and Propagation Conference (MAPCON), 14-18. Dezember 2025, Kochi, India N2 - Silicon based silicon tip array emitter has developed at OTH Regensburg, Germany. This array emitter is the basis for development of a novel electron gun. This field emitter electron sources were fabricated using laser-micromachining technique followed by MEMS technology. In this work, the design and development of electron gun using complete silicon structure is reported. The goal of this work is to develop electron gun using less effort, easy and hassle free technique. Y1 - 2025 SN - 979-8-3315-3722-7 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/MAPCON65020.2025.11426578 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Michel, Johanna A1 - Krenkel, Lars ED - Dillmann, Andreas ED - Heller, Gerd ED - Krämer, Ewald ED - Breitsamter, Christian ED - Wagner, Claus ED - Krenkel, Lars T1 - Towards Experimental Validation of Models of Shear-Induced Aerosol Generation in the Human Respiratory System T2 - New Results in Numerical and Experimental Fluid Mechanics XV : Contributions to the 24th STAB/DGLR Symposium, Regensburg, Germany, 2024 N2 - Numerical modeling is a valuable tool to research shear-induced aerosol generation inside the human respiratory system. While the volume of fluid method and Eulerian wall film models have been used to predict the stripping of particles from the mucus film, sufficient validation data is lacking. Here, we present an experimental method to create such validation data. A film of mucus mimetic hydrogel with an initial thickness of 1 mm covering the floor of a rectangular channel (75.5 mm 25.5 mm 3 mm) was exposed to an airflow with a flow rate of 9.5 and 21.6 L/min. The number of created particles and the emergence of waves on the mucus surface were measured. Shear-induced aerosol generation was triggered successfully and caused an increase of mean particle flow. Different wave profiles were observed at varying film depths. Y1 - 2026 SN - 978-3-032-11114-2 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-11115-9_13 SP - 135 EP - 144 PB - Springer Nature CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Bielmeier, Benno A1 - Ramsauer, Ralf A1 - Yoshida, Takahiro A1 - Mauerer, Wolfgang T1 - From Tracepoints to Timeliness: a Semi-Markov Framework for Predictive Runtime Analysis T2 - IEEE 31th International Conference on Embedded and Real-Time Computing Systems and Applications (RTCSA), 20-22 August 2025, Singapore N2 - Detecting and resolving violations of temporal constraints in real-time systems is both, time-consuming and resource-intensive, particularly in complex software environments. Measurement-based approaches are widely used during development, but often are unable to deliver reliable predictions with limited data. This paper presents a hybrid method for worst-case execution time estimation, combining lightweight runtime tracing with probabilistic modelling. Timestamped system events are used to construct a semi-Markov chain, where transitions represent empirically observed timing between events. Execution duration is interpreted as time-to-absorption in the semi-Markov chain, enabling worst-case execution time estimation with fewer assumptions and reduced overhead. Empirical results from real-time Linux systems indicate that the method captures both regular and extreme timing behaviours accurately, even from short observation periods. The model supports holistic, low-intrusion analysis across system layers and remains interpretable and adaptable for practical use. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/RTCSA66114.2025.00021 SP - 114 EP - 125 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schmidbauer, Lukas A1 - Riofrío, Carlos A. A1 - Heinrich, Florian A1 - Junk, Vanessa A1 - Schwenk, Ulrich A1 - Husslein, Thomas A1 - Mauerer, Wolfgang T1 - Path Matters: Industrial Data Meet Quantum Optimization T2 - 2025 IEEE International Conference on Quantum Computing and Engineering (QCE), 30 August - 05 September 2025, Albuquerque N2 - Real-world optimization problems must undergo a series of transformations before becoming solvable on current quantum hardware. Even for a fixed problem, the number of possible transformation paths-from industry-relevant formulations through binary constrained linear programs (BILPs), to quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO), and finally to a hardware-executable representation-is remarkably large. Each step introduces free parameters, such as Lagrange multipliers, encoding strategies, slack variables, rounding schemes or algorithmic choices-making brute-force exploration of all paths intractable. In this work, we benchmark a representative subset of these transformation paths using a realworld industrial production planning problem with industry data: the optimization of work allocation in a press shop producing vehicle parts. We focus on QUBO reformulations and algorithmic parameters for both quantum annealing (QA) and the Linear Ramp Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (LR-QAOA). Our goal is to identify a reduced set of effective configurations applicable to similar industrial settings. Our results show that QA on D-Wave hardware consistently produces near-optimal solutions, whereas LR-QAOA on IBM quantum devices struggles to reach comparable performance. Hence, the choice of hardware and solver strategy significantly impacts performance. The problem formulation and especially the penalization strategy determine the solution quality. Most importantly, mathematically-defined penalization strategies are equally successful as hand-picked penalty factors, paving the way for automated QUBO formulation. Moreover, we observe a strong correlation between simulated and quantum annealing performance metrics, offering a scalable proxy for predicting QA behavior on larger problem instances. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/QCE65121.2025.00230 SP - 2101 EP - 2111 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Ramsauer, Ralf A1 - Bielmeier, Benno A1 - Mauerer, Wolfgang T1 - Towards Real-World System-Level Integration of Quantum Accelerators: A Hardware/Software Co-Design Approach T2 - INFORMATIK; Lecture Notes in Informatics (LNI); GI Quantum Computing Workshop. Potsdam. 16.–19. September 2025 N2 - This work-in-progress explores architectural and systemic foundations for integrating quantum accelerators into heterogeneous computing environments. We propose and implement a modular architecture where Quantum Processing Units (QPUs) operate as peripheral devices, supporting pulse-level control interfaces and high-level circuit execution offloading, while internally managing compilation, transpilation, and scheduling. To enable efficient quantum-classical orchestration, we introduce a Quantum Abstraction Layer (QAL) at the operating system level to enable seamless communication, resource management, and integration with existing software frameworks. Our two-step design approach begins with validating the architecture through simulations in virtualised environments. We then implement an FPGA-based surrogate supporting both result- and timing-accurate modes, enabling full-stack emulation and performance evaluation in the absence of physical quantum hardware. This platform supports extensible and rapid prototyping, Hardware/Software Co-Design, and allows for investigations on the practical quantum advantage under realistic system-level constraints of various use cases. We aim for applicability by hardware vendors, facilitating early development even before physical quantum processors are available. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.18420/inf2025_158 SP - 1761 EP - 1765 PB - Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V. ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Safi, Hila A1 - Niedermeier, Christoph A1 - Mauerer, Wolfgang T1 - TWiDDle: Twirling and Dynamical Decoupling, and Crosstalk Noise Modeling T2 - 2025 IEEE International Conference on Quantum Computing and Engineering (QCE), 30 August - 05 September 2025, Albuquerque N2 - Crosstalk remains a major source of correlated error in quantum systems, yet lacks a precise, community-wide definition - hindering systematic analysis and mitigation. This paper introduces a model-driven approach to crosstalk characterisation through three architecture-inspired noise models: (1) simultaneous two-qubit gate execution, (2) shared qubit interference, and (3) proximity-induced noise from shared control or readout hardware. These models act as both diagnostic tools and building blocks for crosstalk-aware quantum programming. We assess their impact across a broad benchmark suite - quantum simulation, Grover's algorithm, and fault-tolerant primitives like surface, Shor, and Steane codes - and evaluate two mitigation techniques: dynamical decoupling and Pauli twirling. While both are discussed in literature, only dynamical decoupling consistently enhances fidelity across noise types. Our work links low-level noise effects to high-level software engineering, underscoring the role of hardware-software co-design in scalable quantum computing. Model-based, hardware-aware design flows and composable noise abstractions improve error mitigation and program portability. Integrating such strategies into the toolchain is essential for building resilient quantum programs under realistic noise conditions. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/QCE65121.2025.10313 SP - 162 EP - 168 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schmidbauer, Lukas A1 - Mauerer, Wolfgang T1 - SAT Strikes Back: Parameter and Path Relations in Quantum Toolchains T2 - Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Quantum Software (QSW), 07-12 July 2025, Helsinki N2 - In the foreseeable future, toolchains for quantum computing should offer automatic means of transforming a high level problem formulation down to a hardware executable form. Thereby, it is crucial to find (multiple) transformation paths that are optimised for (hardware specific) metrics. We zoom into this pictured tree of transformations by focussing on k-SAT instances as input and their transformation to QUBO, while considering structure and characteristic metrics of input, intermediate and output representations. Our results can be used to rate valid paths of transformation in advance—also in automated (quantum) toolchains. We support the automation aspect by considering stability and therefore predictability of free parameters and transformation paths. Moreover, our findings can be used in the manifesting era of error correction (since considering structure in a high abstraction layer can benefit error correcting codes in layers below). We also show that current research is closely linked to quadratisation techniques and their mathematical foundation. KW - Pseudo Boolean Function KW - PUBO KW - Quantum Software KW - QUBO KW - SAT Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/QSW67625.2025.00021 SP - 104 EP - 115 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schönberger, Manuel A1 - Trummer, Immanuel A1 - Mauerer, Wolfgang T1 - Hybrid Mixed Integer Linear Programming for Large-Scale Join Order Optimisation T2 - Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment N2 - Finding optimal join orders is among the most crucial steps to be performed by query optimisers. Though extensively studied in data management research, the problem remains far from solved: While query optimisers rely on exhaustive search methods to determine ideal solutions for small problems, such methods reach their limits once queries grow in size. Yet, large queries become increasingly common in real-world scenarios, and require suitable methods to generate efficient execution plans. While a variety of heuristics have been proposed for large-scale query optimisation, they suffer from degrading solution quality as queries grow in size, or feature highly sub-optimal worst-case behavior, as we will show. We propose a novel method based on the paradigm of mixed integer linear programming (MILP): By deriving a novel MILP model capable of optimising arbitrary bushy tree structures, we address the limitations of existing MILP methods for join ordering, and can rely on highly optimised MILP solvers to derive efficient tree structures that elude competing methods. To ensure optimisation efficiency, we embed our MILP method into a hybrid framework, which applies MILP solvers precisely where they provide the greatest advantage over competitors, while relying on more efficient methods for less complex optimisation steps. Thereby, our approach gracefully scales to extremely large query sizes joining up to 100 relations, and consistently achieves the most robust plan quality among a large variety of competing join ordering methods. Y1 - 2026 U6 - https://doi.org/10.14778/3778092.3778097 VL - 19 IS - 3 SP - 348 EP - 360 PB - VLDB Endowment ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Thelen, Simon A1 - Mauerer, Wolfgang T1 - Predict and Conquer: Navigating Algorithm Trade-Offs with Quantum Design Automation T2 - 2025 IEEE International Conference on Quantum Computing and Engineering (QCE), 30 August - 05 September 2025, Albuquerque N2 - Combining quantum computers with classical compute power has become a standard means for developing algorithms and heuristics that are, eventually, supposed to beat any purely classical alternatives. While in-principle advantages for solution quality or runtime are expected for increasingly many approaches, substantial challenges remain: Non-functional properties like runtime or solution quality of many suggested approaches are not yet fully understood, and need to be explored empirically. This, in turn, makes it unclear which approach is best suited for a given problem. Accurately predicting behaviour and properties of quantum-classical algorithms opens possibilities for software abstraction layers, which in turn can automate decisionmaking for algorithm selection and parametrisation. While such techniques find frequent use in classical high-performance computing, they are still mostly absent from quantum software toolchains. In this paper, we present a methodology (accompanied by a reproducible reference implementation) to perform algorithm selection based on desirable non-functional requirements. This greatly simplifies decision-making processes for end users. Based on meta-information annotations at the source code level, our framework traces key characteristics of quantum-classical heuristics and algorithms, and uses this information to predict the most suitable approach and its parameters for given computational challenges and their non-functional requirements. As combinatorial optimisation is a very extensively studied aspect of quantumclassical systems, we perform a comprehensive case study based on numerical simulations of algorithmic approaches to implement and validate our ideas. We develop statistical models to quantify the influence of various factors on non-functional properties, and establish predictions for optimal algorithmic choices without manual user effort. We argue that our methodology generalises to problem classes beyond combinatorial optimisation, such as Hamiltonian optimisation, and lays a foundation for integrated software layers for quantum design automation. KW - Design automation KW - Heuristic algorithms KW - Optimization KW - Prediction algorithms KW - Quantum Computing KW - Runtime KW - Software KW - Software algorithms KW - Source coding KW - Standards Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/QCE65121.2025.00071 SP - 591 EP - 602 PB - IEEE CY - Los Alamitos, USA ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Krüger, Tom A1 - Mauerer, Wolfgang T1 - Quantum Dark Magic: Efficiency of Intermediate Non-Stabiliserness T2 - 2025 IEEE International Conference on Quantum Computing and Engineering (QCE), 30 August- 05 September 2025, Albuquerque N2 - While quantum systems are know to possess inherent computational advantages over classical computers, constructing algorithms that harness such advantage remains an open challenge. Non-stabiliserness (i.e., traversal of states outside the Clifford orbit), is a necessary condition, as de-quantisation is otherwise possible. Nevertheless, an excess of non-stabiliserness is also known to not be advantageous. In this paper, we present an approach to understanding the efficient use of non-stabiliser states by tracking their behaviour across various algorithms. Our techniques reveal different efficiencies in the use of non-stabiliserness, leading us to hypothesise that greater classical optimisation degrees of freedom can introduce unnecessary non-stabiliser consumption, which becomes costly with error correction. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/QCE65121.2025.10461 SP - 592 EP - 593 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Gutbrod, Max A1 - Rauber, David A1 - Palm, Christoph ED - Handels, Heinz ED - Breininger, Katharina ED - Deserno, Thomas M. ED - Maier, Andreas ED - Maier-Hein, Klaus H. ED - Palm, Christoph ED - Tolxdorff, Thomas T1 - Improving Generalization in Mitotic Cell Detection via Domain Transformations T2 - Bildverarbeitung für die Medizin 2025: Proceedings, German Conference on Medical Image Computing, Lübeck March 15-17, 2026 N2 - We address domain generalization (DG) in mitotic-cell (MC) detection by combining a β-variational autoencoder (VAE) for domain transformations with feature-space alignment together with an object detector. The β-VAE synthesizes domain-transformed images, and the detector is trained to map originals and their transformed counterparts to equal representations. On the MIDOG++ dataset, this approach improves out-of-domain detection F1 scores by 7 and 3 percentage points compared to the color-variation augmentation and stain-normalization baselines. Results further suggest that morphology shifts hinder generalization more than stain shifts. KW - Künstliche Intelligenz KW - Bildverarbeitung Y1 - 2026 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-51100-5_71 SP - 362 EP - 367 PB - Springer Vieweg CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Weinzierl, Stefan A1 - Schulz, Carsten T1 - Digitaler Zwilling einer Doppelschlag-Verlitzmaschine : Digital twin of a double twist stranding machine T2 - 5. VDI-Fachtagung Schwingungen 2025 N2 - Die Methode der Mehrkörpersimulation und die Finite-Elemente-Methode gewinnen aufgrund immer leistungsfähigerer Rechentechnik in Forschung und Entwicklung zunehmend an Bedeutung. Heutzutage können komplexe Systeme mit diesen Methoden virtuell simuliert und multiphysikalisch untersucht werden. Insbesondere im Entwicklungsprozess führt deren Einsatz aufgrund der damit verbundenen Zeit- und Kosteneinsparungen zu einem entscheidenden Wettbewerbsvorteil. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wird ein digitaler Zwilling einer bestehenden Doppelschlag-Verlitzmaschine erstellt. Ziel ist die virtuelle Durchführung von Untersuchungen und Schwingungsanalysen. Die wichtigsten Komponenten werden mit flexiblen Eigenschaften unter der Verwendung der Finite-Elemente-Methode integriert, um die Schwingungsfähigkeit des Systems zu simulieren. Um die Effizienz der Simulation zu erhöhen, werden die flexiblen Körper auf ein modales Ersatzmodell reduziert. Darüber hinaus wird die Nachgiebigkeit der Lagerpunkte durch Streifigkeitsmatrizen abgebildet und analysiert. Für die Untersuchung des Hochlaufs und des Dauerbetriebes mit unterschiedlichen Maschinenkonfigurationen wurde ein Auswerteverfahren entwickelt, das die Reproduzierbarkeit und den Vergleich zwischen den einzelnen Tests ermöglicht. Abschließend erfolgt durch den Abgleich mit realen Messungen die Validierung des digitalen Zwillings, wodurch dessen Qualität gesichert und die Vergleichbarkeit zur realen Maschine gewährleistet wird. Y1 - 2025 SN - 9783181024638 U6 - https://doi.org/10.51202/9783181024638-271 SP - 271 EP - 288 PB - VDI Verlag ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Brückl, Oliver A1 - Haslbeck, Matthias A1 - Vogl, Bettina T1 - Interpretation von P-Q-Wolken als Hilfsmittel zur Bewertung von Mittelspannungsnetzen T2 - 4. OTTI Konferenz: Zukünftige Stromnetze 31.01- 01.02.2017, Berlin N2 - Zwischen Übertragungs-/Verteilungsnetzbetreibern bestehen Vereinbarungen in Form von Verträgen und Richtlinien (z.B. DCC), die das zulässige Wirk- und Blindleistungs-Verhalten (P-Q-Verhalten) beschreiben. Beim Blindleistungsverhalten werden i. d. R. zulässige cosφ-Bereiche definiert. Typische Werte sind hierfür cosφ ≤ 0,95 für den I. und II. Quadranten sowie cosφ ≤ 0,925 für den III. Quadranten. Der IV. Quadrant ist unzulässig. Netzstruktur, Verbraucher und Erzeuger beeinflussen das P-Q-Verhalten, weshalb die Einhaltung der cosφ-Grenzwerte bei sich ändernden Faktoren zu prüfen und ggf. Gegenmaßnahmen (z. B. Installation von Kompensationsdrosseln) zu ergreifen sind. Ziel dieser Veröffentlichung ist es, geeignete Parameter zu identifizieren und zu beschreiben, die einen Einfluss auf das P-Q-Verhalten und damit auf die Form der PQ- Wolke einer MS-Netzgruppe (MS-NG) aufweisen. Abbildung 1 zeigt eine beispielhafte P-Q-Wolke. Um die P-Q-Wolken verschiedener MS-Netze vergleichbar zu machen, wurden die P- und Q-Werte auf die jeweilige Bemessungsleistung der versorgenden Umspannwerktransformatoren (UWT) normiert (diese beträgt einheitlich 40 MVA). Die P-Q-Wolke besteht dabei aus allen ¼-h-Messwerten der Summenlast am UWT innerhalb eines Jahres. Als Linien angedeutet sind beispielhaft zulässige cosφ-Grenzen je Quadrant. KW - Blindleistung, P-Q-Wolke, Mittelspannungsnetz Y1 - 2017 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hinterreiter, Marion A1 - Rauch, Johannes A1 - Brückl, Oliver T1 - Long-term reactive power forecasting power grids – Challenges and methodologies T2 - Applied Research Conference - ARC 04.07.2025, Augsburg N2 - The transition of power systems from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources is driving profound changes across all voltage levels of the electrical grid, altering active power (P) as well as reactive power (Q) behavior. This transformation involves a shift from predominantly top-down, unidirectional electricity flows to bidirectional and increasingly complex flow patterns, fundamentally altering the operation and utilization of power systems. The growing integration of distributed energy resources (DERs), heat pumps (HPs), and electric vehicles (EVs) is particularly impacting lower voltage levels, which are evolving from traditionally consumer-dominated networks into active participants in energy dynamics. These developments have a significant influence on reactive power behavior, with many countries already reporting notable changes due to increased Q contributions from lower voltage levels. As bidirectional flows and decentralized generation increase, understanding and forecasting reactive power trends at these voltage levels becomes essential for ensuring grid stability and efficiency. This paper addresses the challenges of long-term Q forecasting in general by analyzing reactive power behavior in grids, the main influencing grid parameters and introducing existing approaches and concepts, analyzing their applicability, and discussing the associated challenges and methodologies. By shedding light on this underexplored area, the study aims to contribute to the development of advanced long-term reactive power forecasting methods and highlighting research trends. KW - Blindleistungsprognose, long-term, medium voltage grid Y1 - 2025 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Kranz, Michael A1 - Pointner, Daniel A1 - Wagner, Maria Stella A1 - Lubnow, Matthias A1 - Lehle, Karla A1 - Krenkel, Lars ED - Dillmann, Andreas ED - Heller, Gerd ED - Krämer, Ewald ED - Breitsamter, Christian ED - Wagner, Claus ED - Krenkel, Lars T1 - High-Resolution Flow Investigations in Membrane-Lungs for Understanding Shear-Induced Blood Clot Formation T2 - New Results in Numerical and Experimental Fluid Mechanics XV : Contributions to the 24th STAB/DGLR Symposium, Regensburg, Germany, 2024 N2 - Complex blood flow phenomena in membrane lungs (MLs) play a crucial role in intra-device clot formation and the occurrence of thromboembolic events. At present, however, the local flow conditions within an ML are not yet sufficiently known. The aim was to gain a deeper understanding of local flow regimes inside MLs by performing highly resolved computational fluid dynamics (CFD) of generic and native fiber mat bundles. Straight cylinders with a diameter of 380 μm in parallel arrangement were the foundation of the generic model. For validation, a method for reconstructing a native geometry from a microcomputed tomography (μCT) scan was established, with both models used for CFD. While the generic model showed a symmetrical flow regime without indicating any pathological flow, the native model did show an irregular fiber arrangement and no symmetrical flow regime. In conclusion, the fiber arrangement significantly affects the local flow regimes inside MLs. KW - CFD KW - ECMO KW - membrane lung KW - ML KW - µCT Y1 - 2026 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-11115-9_12 SP - 125 EP - 134 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Pozzobon, Enrico A1 - Weiß, Nils A1 - Mottok, Jürgen A1 - Matoušek, Václav T1 - Fuzzy fault injection attacks against secure automotive bootloaders T2 - 21th escar Europe : The World's Leading Automotive Cyber Security Conference (Hamburg, 15. - 16.11.2023) N2 - Secure embedded bootloaders are the trust anchors for modern vehicles’ software. The secure software update process of ECUs is well-defined across the entire automotive industry. Every OEM has his own implementation, but follows the general software update process. This paper demonstrates code execution attacks by combining software and hardware weaknesses in secure automotive bootloaders. The attack can be performed entirely automated, no static code analysisis required. Random fault injection parameters were sufficient to obtain code execution in a reasonable time. All experiments were conducted with electromagnetic fault injection and without any hardware modifications of the targets. We successfully performed our attack on two entirely different gateway Electronic Control Units (ECUs) used in current vehicles (at the time of this research) from Volkswagen and BMW. As a result of this attack, consisting of a combination of a hardware and asoftware attack, the general secure software update process used in the automotive industry needs to be revised. Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:294-103817 PB - Ruhr-Universität Bochum ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schröpfer, Johannes A1 - Schwägerl, Felix A1 - Westfechtel, Bernhard T1 - Consistency control for model versions in evolving model-driven software product lines T2 - 2019 ACM/IEEE 22nd International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems Companion (MODELS-C), Munich, Germany N2 - Model-driven software product lines evolve in both time and space. Consistency control for model versions constitutes a key challenge. We propose a novel approach to consistency control called well-formedness analysis and repair: Instead of attempting to guarantee consistency of each configurable version a priori (which is hard and restrictive), consistency is controlled only when a product version is actually configured. Conflicts, i.e., violation of well-formedness constraints, are detected and repaired, driven by configurable strategies. This approach is generic; it is instantiated for feature models (for the variability model) and EMF models (as domain artifacts). Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/MODELS-C.2019.00043 SP - 268 EP - 277 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Greiner, Sandra A1 - Schwägerl, Felix A1 - Westfechtel, Bernhard T1 - Realizing multi-variant model transformations on top of reused ATL specifications T2 - Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Model-Driven Engineering and Software Development MODELSWARD, Porto, Portugal N2 - Model transformations are crucial in model-driven software engineering (MDSE). While combining MDSE and software product line engineering (SPLE) techniques, summarized as model-driven product line engineering (MDPLE), promises increased productivity by relying on organized reuse, the benefits are impeded by transformation specifications designed exclusively for single-variant models. Applying single-variant model transformations to multi-variant input models results in output models lacking the variability information. Multi-variant model transformations (MVMT), which preserve variability information, have only recently been understood as an explicit research problem. In this paper, we propose an a posteriori approach towards MVMT. Following the paradigm of organized reuse, we propose to employ single-variant model transformations without modifications in a first step, and to transfer variability information afterwards based on the artifacts provided by the single-variant transformation specification. In particular, we implemented this approach for the well-known model-to-model transformation language ATL. To deduce variability information, the execution artifacts (trace and execution model) are analyzed. Then, variability annotations are transfered to the target model automatically. The implementation is evaluated based on a practically example of a Graph product line. Results exhibit that our approach outperforms the conventional solution with respect to user effort, accuracy and performance. Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5220/0006137803620373 VL - 1 SP - 362 EP - 373 PB - SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Ramsauer, Ralf A1 - Lohmann, Daniel A1 - Mauerer, Wolfgang T1 - Reliable Pre-Integration Tracking of Commits on Mailing Lists T2 - Invited Talk at Safety Summit at Embedded Linux Conference Europe (ELCE18) Y1 - 2018 CY - Edinburgh, Scotland ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schreiner, Rupert A1 - Mulot, M. A1 - Gauggel, H. P. A1 - Schweizer, H. A1 - Laue, C. K. A1 - Wallenstein, R. T1 - Dynamic and spectral properties of red DFB lasers T2 - Technical Digest. Summaries of papers presented at the Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics. Postconference Technical Digest (IEEE Cat. No.01CH37170) ; Baltimore, May 6 - 11, 2001 (Trends in optics and photonics series ; 56) N2 - Summary form only given. Narrow linewidth GaInP/AlGaInP DFB lasers are promising light sources for spectroscopy, for optical data storage systems and for plastic optical fiber WDM applications. However, little is known about the dynamic behavior of red DFB lasers. In this paper, we report on the dynamic and spectral properties of those devices. The lasers were first characterized under cw operation at 25/spl deg/C. Threshold currents are /spl sim/14 mA (475 /spl mu/m length) and /spl sim/18 mA (900 /spl mu/m length). The lasers show stable single mode emission at 680 nm with a SMSR better than -25 dB. The spectral linewidth of the 900 /spl mu/m long devices was measured by using a scanning-Fabry-Perot interferometer. Y1 - 2001 UR - http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/947498/ SN - 1-55752-662-1 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/CLEO.2001.947498 SP - 81 EP - 82 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Zürner, Christian ED - Bedford-Strohm, Heinrich ED - Höhne, Florian ED - Reitmeier, Tobias T1 - What needs saying and how? Reflections on content and methodology in the profile of Public Theology T2 - Contextuality and Intercontextuality in Public Theology. - Proceedings from the Bamberg Conference 23.-25.06.2011. - Bamberg 23.06.2011-25.06.2011. - (Theologie in der Öffentlichkeit : 4) Y1 - 2013 SN - 978-3-643-90189-7 SP - 335 EP - 338 PB - Lit Verlag CY - Berlin ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Neidhart, Thomas T1 - Auswirkungen der zweiten Generation des Eurocode 7 auf die Bemessung von Stabilisierungssäulen T2 - 21. Erdbaufachtagung "Aktueller Stand der Technik im Erd- und Spezialtiefbau", 05.-06.02.2026, Leipzig N2 - In den aktuellen Regelwerken – insbesondere dem eingeführten EC 7 – werden Stabilisierungssäulen (StS) nicht direkt behandelt. Im kommenden Eurocode 7, Teil 3 (EC 7-3 neu), der als finaler Entwurf vorliegt, wurde nun ein Abschnitt 12 eingeführt, der Baugrundverbesserungen und StS umfasst. Aktuell wird an der deutschen Fassung des Eurocode 7, Teil 3 gearbeitet, die mit nicht widersprechenden, zusätzlichen nationalen Informationen, Angaben und Anhänge (NCI, NDP, NA) ergänzt wird, welche die Anwendung des Eurocode 7 -3 konkretisieren, ohne den europäischen Normentext in zu ändern oder zu widersprechen. Aufgrund des Inhaltes des neuen Eurocodes 7, Teil 3 wird die anstehende Einführung von deutliche Auswirkungen auf die bisherige Bemessung, Nachweisführung und Qualitätssicherung von StS haben, welche in der Praxis zu berücksichtigen sind. Kommentare und Anmerkungen des Arbeitskreises 2.8 Stabilisierungssäulen der DGGT konnten in den letzten Jahren an die jeweiligen Gremien weitergeleitet werden. Im Folgenden werden wichtige Änderungen und Neuerungen in den Normungen aufgezeigt und deren Auswirkungen erläutert. Y1 - 2026 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-89032 VL - 2026 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Griesberger, Philipp A1 - Leist, Susanne A1 - Zellner, Gregor T1 - Analysis of techniques for business process improvement T2 - 19th European Conference on Information Systems, ECIS 2011, Helsinki, Finland, June 9-11, 2011 N2 - This paper is about identifying and analyzing techniques that can be used in a business process improvement (BPI) situation. To determine suitable techniques, the term BPI is defined and criteria are derived to analyze the usability of the selected techniques. Over 300 techniques from various improvement methods were reduced to those techniques which can be applied to help improve business processes and, in particular, to support the act of improvement. Identifying these techniques is helpful, because in most cases the act of improvement is a black box that lacks guidelines or structured procedures. In our research we developed an evaluation scheme to analyze the usability of BPI techniques and give hints about how to select a suitable technique for a certain improvement situation. Y1 - 2011 UR - https://www.researchgate.net/publication/221408836_Analysis_of_techniques_for_business_process_improvement ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Rauch, Johannes A1 - Brückl, Oliver A1 - Engel, Bernd ED - Schulz, Detlef, T1 - Optimal Reactive Power Planning by covering deficient voltage demands with additional reactive power sources using a sensitivity approach T2 - NEIS 2023 : Conference on Sustainable Energy Supply and Energy Storage Systems, Hamburg, September 4 – 5, 2023 N2 - The determination of the optimal location, types and size of additional required reactive power sources is a main interest of Reactive Power Planning (RPP) investigations and of this paper. The planning problem addresses the maintenance of voltage stability, which is an ancillary service in Germany, and can be formulated as a mixed-integer optimization prob-lem. The aim of this work is a techno-economically efficient coverage of the deficient steady state voltage deviation demands (VDD) by placing new reactive power sources with adequate size or extending the reactive power potential of existing sources. An optimization model is set up to solve the planning problem by using load flow voltage sensitivities, which quantify and evaluate the technical efficiency of new reactive power sources in relation to the present voltage deviation demands. Operating and investment costs are used as economic decision parameters. Within an application example, which is carried out with an exemplary transmission system, the solution of the planning problem is discussed. KW - reactive power planning KW - voltage control KW - optimal power flow KW - sensitivity analysis KW - system planning Y1 - 2023 UR - https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10556672 SN - 978-3-8007-6134-0 SP - 223 EP - 230 PB - VDE Verlag CY - Berlin ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hinterreiter, Marion A1 - Brückl, Oliver A1 - Rauch, Johannes ED - Technische Universität München, T1 - Challenges and Approaches for Long-Term Reactive Power Forecasting in Power Systems T2 - PESS 2025 – IEEE Power and Energy Student Summit, October 08 – 10, 2025 in Munich, Germany N2 - The transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources is driving profound changes across all voltage levels of the electrical grid, altering active power (P) as well as reactive power (Q) behavior. This transformation involves a shift from predominantly top-down, unidirectional electricity flows to bidirectional and increasingly complex flow patterns, fundamentally altering the operation and utilization of power systems. Many countries are already reporting notable changes in their transmission grid Q. This can lead to increased costs for grid expansion and compensation equipment, as well as grid losses. To minimize these losses and ensure grid stability and efficiency, understanding and forecasting Q long-term becomes essential. This paper addresses the challenges of long-term (1-20 years) Q forecasting in general by analyzing Q behavior in grids, the main influencing grid parameters, and reviewing existing forecasting approaches. It evaluates the applicability of these approaches and highlights current research gaps and trends. By focusing on this underexplored area, the paper aims to support the development of more advanced and reliable long-term Q forecasting techniques. KW - reactive power KW - forecasting KW - long-term KW - network models Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-8007-6656-7 SP - 109 EP - 114 PB - VDE Verlag ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hinterreiter, Marion A1 - Brückl, Oliver A1 - Rauch, Johannes ED - Schulz, Detlef T1 - Methodology for long-term reactive power forecasts of medium-voltage grids T2 - NEIS 2025 : Conference on Sustainable Energy Supply and Energy Storage Systems, Hamburg, September 15 – 16, 2025 N2 - Understanding and assessing the long-term behavior of reactive power is crucial for power system planning and invest-ment decisions. This is particularly growing relevant for the lower voltage-grid levels, which are gaining importance due to significant changes in grid behavior, operational strategies, energy generation and consumption patterns. Currently, standardized methodologies for forecasting reactive power in medium-voltage grids are lacking, creating a gap in research and practical applications. To optimize grid investments and expansions, informed decisions based on reliable research and accurate forecasts are essential. This paper presents a methodology for long-term reactive power forecasting in me-dium-voltage grids, introducing a new approach to account for low- and medium-voltage grid interactions while address-ing common challenges like limited available grid data and scenario framework definition. The aim of the forecast is the future reactive power behaviour of a medium-voltage-grid at the high-voltage side of the high-voltage to medium-voltage transformer. The medium-voltage-level is modelled using a grid model approach, while low-voltage grids are being mod-elled using generic distribution grids. A 209-bus medium-voltage-grid model is used as an application example and to provide two exemplary use cases for a reactive power forecast for 2045. KW - reactive power KW - forecasting KW - long-term KW - medium-voltage level KW - grid level interaction Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-8007-6633-8 SP - 218 EP - 223 PB - VDE Verlag ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Stadler, Andreas A1 - Kraus, Hermann A1 - Brückl, Oliver ED - Technische Universität München, T1 - Proposing an Optimization Model for a techno-economic Evaluation of Energy Storage Systems T2 - PESS 2025 – IEEE Power and Energy Student Summit, October 08 – 10, 2025 in Munich, Germany N2 - During the global energy crisis in 2022, electricity prices increased drastically. This lead, together with an overall higher price volatility to possibly higher electrical energy storage system (ESS) profitability. To test if the investment in an ESS can now be more profitable, an approach for a techno-economic evaluation of ESS is presented in this paper, using an optimization algorithm to determine the optimal way of covering a load flow profile with electricity trading products on the electricity market with and without the use of an energy storage system. The cost differences between using or not using the storage system are assumed to be the profits of the ESS, which must exceed the (interest-bearing) investment costs over its lifetime. The correct way of operation of the optimization model is validated and several storage sizes and capacities as well as several years of the electricity market data was analyzed, once with a perfect forecast of all prices of the electricity trading products and once with a forecast based on the previous years purchasing strategy. The results show that, using the prognosis and a 2 % p.a. interest rate, only the storage combinations for 2.5 MWh/ 2.5 MW and 1 MWh/ 1 MW show profitability in 2023, whereas 2017 and 2020 show no profitability. KW - energy storage systems KW - techno economic evaluation KW - electricity trading KW - optimization KW - ess profitability Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-8007-6656-7 SP - 97 EP - 102 PB - VDE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Uhl, Julius A1 - Schamel, Marco A1 - Achhammer, Anton A1 - Sterner, Michael T1 - Sustainable Steel Production in the Desert: Economic and Technical Assessment of a Hydrogen-Powered Steel Plant in Mauritania T2 - 2025 IEEE PES/IAS PowerAfrica, 28 September - 02 October 2025, Cairo N2 - The global steel industry is a major contributor to climate change and faces challenges in achieving a carbon-neutral production, hinging on the availability of cost-effective hydrogen produced by renewable energy. Mauritania, with its exceptional solar and wind resources, offers some of the most competitive conditions globally for hydrogen production. Instead of focusing on hydrogen exports, this study explores the technical feasibility and economic viability of establishing a renewable-powered steel plant in Mauritania, utilizing the country’s abundant iron ore reserves. The findings suggest that sustainably produced steel in Mauritania could be cost-competitive with current European prices. With ongoing declines in investment costs for emerging renewable technologies, Mauritania has the potential to become one of the world’s most cost-effective steel producers. KW - hydrogen KW - green steel KW - Mauritania KW - sustainable steel KW - hydrogen integration Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/PowerAfrica65840.2025.11289120 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Galka, Stefan A1 - Strassburger, Steffen A1 - Lang, Sebastian A1 - Reggelin, Tobias ED - Bui, Tung T1 - Introduction to the Minitrack on Simulation Modeling and Digital Twins for Decision Making in the Age of Industry 4.0 T2 - Proceedings of the 57th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS), January3-6, 2024, Honolulu, Hawaii N2 - The minitrack contains contributions with a focus on simulation modeling and digital twins and decision making in the context of Industry 4.0. The use of simulation models and digital twins is manifold, from planning to virtual commission and real-time operational decision support. Cyber-physical systems integrate the real world and the virtual world to enable decision making in the age of Industry 4.0. For example, customer decisions and supply disruptions which directly influence manufacturing and logistics systems require immediate decisions. Thus, models must have the capability to support decision making in manufacturing as well as in internal and external logistics in real-time. Methods include discrete-event simulation, discrete-rate simulation, hybrid simulation, system dynamics simulation, the combination of simulation modeling with machine learning or optimization heuristics, prescriptive analytics, and adaptive systems. Furthermore, this minitrack addresses simulation education and simulation models used for education and training in manufacturing and logistics. Y1 - 2024 SN - 978-0-9981331-7-1 U6 - https://doi.org/10.24251/HICSS.2024.206 SP - 1647 EP - 1648 PB - ScholarSpace ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Bock, Sebastian A1 - Schwarz, Philipp A1 - Weiß, Martin G. ED - Yang, Xin-She T1 - U-Shape Phenomenon with Gaussian Noise and Clipped Inputs T2 - Proceedings of Eighth International Congress on Information and Communication Technology. - (ICICT 2023, London, Volume 3) N2 - Object detection and recognition is a core task in machine vision. Both the position and the rotation of the objects are of interest. Common algorithms for object recognition based on neural networks use a regression formulation and are aimed at changing environments. In industrial applications, the setting is different: One would like to determine with high accuracy, the pose of known objects. We are investigating a prototype application in this field, where we identify the rotation of an object in a plane. We use common network architectures and provide an overview of how well they are suited for this purpose. In addition, we compare our results with standard image processing algorithms, paying particular attention to the accuracy with metrics relevant in the industry. Moreover, an U-shape phenomenon with disturbed data occurred during the experiments, which is partially explained analytically. KW - Neural networks KW - Pose estimation KW - U-shape Y1 - 2023 SN - 978-981-99-3042-5 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-3043-2_45 SP - 569 EP - 579 PB - Springer CY - Singapore ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hammer, Pascal A1 - Mottok, Jürgen A1 - Krause, Veronika A1 - Probst, Tobias T1 - Approach for High-Performance Random Number Generators for Critical Systems T2 - Proceeding of the 12th European Congress on Embedded Real Time Software and Systems (ERTS2024) , Toulouse, 11-12 June 2024 N2 - In times of digitalization, the encryption and signing of sensitive data is becoming increasingly important. These cryptographic processes require large quantities of high-quality random numbers. Which is why a high-performance random number generator (RNG) is to be developed. For this purpose, existing concepts of RNGs and application standards are first analyzed. The proposed approach is to design a physical true random number generator (PTRNG) with a high output of random numbers. Based on this, the development begins with the analog part of the RNG, the noise signal source and a suitable amplifier for the analog noise signal. Therefore, a special noise diode from Noisecom and an amplifier from NXP were chosen and analyzed in different measurements. From the results of the measurements, it can be concluded that both components are suitable for use in the RNG. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14848832 N1 - Identifier: hal-04678880 , version 1 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Wagner, Bernd A1 - Hay, Stefan A1 - Neidhart, Thomas A1 - Spirkl, Florian A1 - Ried, Michael A1 - Zrenner, Louis A1 - Weidlich, Ingo A1 - Gabriel, Eugen A1 - Banning, Timo ED - Vanhoudt, Dirk T1 - TFSB as Bedding Material in District Heating Pipe Constructin - Scientifically Proven Long-Term Experience T2 - Proceedings of the 19th International Symposium on District Heating and Cooling; 2025, Genk (Belgium) N2 - Following the explanation of the increasing importance of alternative backfill materials like TFSB, TFSB and their status in terms of science and technology are depicted. Selected results of the research project FW-ZFSV 4.0 are presented: computer-aided static calculation, in situ long term loading of district heating pipes in TFSB and sand, quality assurance and resource conservation. The conclusions provide an overall assessment of the use of TFSB in district heating pipe construction. Y1 - 2026 SN - 9783032098443 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-09844-3_10 SP - 99 EP - 108 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schwägerl, Felix A1 - Uhrig, Sabrina A1 - Westfechtel, Bernhard T1 - A Graph-based Algorithm for Three-way Merging of Ordered Collections in EMF Models T2 - Science of Computer Programming N2 - In EMF models, ordered collections appear as the values of multi-valued structural features. Traditional, text-based version control systems do not sufficiently support three-way merging of ordered collections inside EMF models since they cannot guarantee a consistent result. The operation three-way merging is defined as follows: based on a common base version b, two alternative versions and were developed by copying and modifying the base version. To reconcile these changes, a merged version m is to be created as a common successor of and . In this paper, we present a graph algorithm to solve the problem of three-way merging of ordered collections in EMF models. Each version of a collection can be represented by means of a linearly ordered graph. To create the merged version, these graphs are combined to a merged collection graph using set formula. To create the merged collection, a generalized topological sort is performed on the merged collection graph. Conflicts occur in case the order of elements cannot be deduced automatically; these conflicts are resolved either interactively or by default rules. We have implemented the merge algorithm in our tool BTMerge, which performs a consistency-preserving three-way merge of versions of EMF models being instances of arbitrary Ecore models. Our implementation relies on an alternative form of representing multiple versions of a collection, namely a versioned collection graph which forms a superimposition of collection versions. The algorithm presented here is purely state-based. Matching and merging of collections are clearly separated sub-problems. Insertions and deletions performed on the elements of the collection are propagated into the merged version in a consistent way. Our algorithm makes only minimal assumptions with regard to the underlying product model and thus may be applied to ordered collections inside plain text or XML files. By taking arbitrary move operations into account, the algorithm considerably goes beyond the functionality of contemporary merge tools which cannot adequately handle move operations. KW - EMF Models KW - Model Merging KW - Graph Algorithms Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scico.2015.02.008 VL - 113 IS - Part 1 SP - 51 EP - 81 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Buchmann, Thomas A1 - Schwägerl, Felix T1 - Breaking the Boundaries of Meta Models and Preventing Information Loss in Model-Driven Software Product Lines T2 - Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Evaluation of Novel Software Approaches to Software Engineering, Vol 1, 2016, Rome, Italy N2 - Model-driven software product line engineering is an integrating discipline for which tool support has become available recently. However, existing tools are still immature and have several weaknesses. Among others, limitations in variability, caused by meta model restrictions, and unintended information loss are not addressed. In this paper, we present two conceptual extensions to model-driven product line engineering based on negative variability, being alternative mappings and surrogates. Alternative mappings allow for unconstrained variability, mitigating meta model restrictions by virtually extending the underlying multi-variant domain model. Surrogates prevent unintended information loss during product derivation based on a contextsensitive product analysis, which can be controlled by a declarative OCL-based language. Both extensions have been implemented in FAMILE, a model-driven product line tool that is based on EMF, provides dedicated consistency repair mechanisms, and completely automates application engineering. The added value of alternative mappings and surrogates is demonstrated by a running example. KW - Software Product Lines KW - Model-Driven Development KW - Unconstrained Variability KW - Information Loss KW - Negative Variability KW - Application Engineering Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5220/0005789100730083 SP - 83 PB - SCITEPRESS - Science and and Technology Publications ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schwägerl, Felix A1 - Uhrig, Sabrina A1 - Westfechtel, Bernhard T1 - Model-based tool support for consistent three-way merging of EMF models T2 - ACME '13, Proceedings of the workshop on ACadeMics Tooling with Eclipse N2 - Inadequate version control has been identified as a major obstacle to the application of model-driven software engineering. In particular, sophisticated support for merging model versions is urgently needed. We present a tool for merging of EMF models which may be applied to instances of arbitrary Ecore models. The tool advances the state of the art by guaranteeing a consistent merge result. Furthermore, it detects and resolves not only context-free, but also context-sensitive conflicts. Our merge tool is model-based; it relies on EMF for its implementation. Initial experiences gained from its application confirm that the merge tool operates both accurately and efficiently. Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1145/2491279.2491281 PB - ACM CY - New York, NY, USA ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Sachenbacher, Martin A1 - Leucker, Martin T1 - Towards Monitoring and Diagnosis of Quantum Digital Twins T2 - Lecture Notes in Informatics (LNI) N2 - As access to larger-scale quantum computers is still limited, it is useful to simulate quantum algorithms on specialized programmable logic hardware such as FPGAs to exploit analogies between quantum and digital circuits, and allow for analysis and efficient debugging of quantum programs. Such simulations can be viewed as digital representations of actual physical systems, commonly referred to as Digital Twins (DTs). In previous work, we applied formal methods from runtime verification to synthesize monitors capable of real-time analysis of conventional DTs. Specifically, these monitors supervise alignment with their physical counterparts and support model-based diagnosis to identify potential root causes of observed deviations. In this short paper, we present ongoing work aimed at adapting and extending our approach to hardware-based simulation and analysis of quantum software on FPGAs, with the objective of improving both accuracy and resilience. Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-87546 VL - P-366 SP - 1767 EP - 1772 PB - Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V. CY - Bonn ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Preiß, Niklas A1 - Westner, Markus T1 - From Agents to Copilots: a Systematic Review of Digital Assistant Technology Adoption in Proprietary Productivity Software T2 - Annals of Computer Science and Information Systems N2 - This study provides a systematic review of how the impact and adaptation of digital assistant technologies (DATs) are defined, operationalized, and studied, synthesizing key domains where DATs generate or are expected to generate value. Based on an analysis of 61 articles published since 2013, it identifies five main areas of impact: productivity and efficiency, business development, resource optimization, quality enhancement, and the promotion of learning and creativity. The review highlights DAT adoption across various disciplines and industries, while revealing limited longitudinal research on benefits and adaptation. Key gaps remain in understanding strategic use and sustained impact. Future research should explore longitudinal comparisons of recently introduced generative AI-driven DATs and their organizational implications. This review contributes to information systems research by structuring current knowledge on DAT adoption and outcomes, and by proposing a research agenda to support deeper exploration of their value and long-term integration. KW - Digital Assistant Technology KW - Copilot KW - Generative AI KW - Technology Adoption KW - Productivity Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.15439/2025F3271 SN - 2300-5963 VL - 43 SP - 565 EP - 576 PB - Polish Information Processing Society ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Köhler, Jessica A1 - Harl, Maximilian Victor A1 - Westner, Markus A1 - Strahringer, Susanne T1 - Can AI be a Scholar? A Systematic Review on the Role of Generative AI in Systematic Literature Reviews T2 - 2025 27th International Conference on Business Informatics (CBI), 09-12. September 2025, Lisbon, Portugal N2 - Systematic literature reviews (SLRs) are foundational for research but resource-intensive to conduct. With the rise of large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT, generative AI (GenAI) tools are being increasingly explored for their potential to support and transform the SLR process. This study presents a systematic review of peerreviewed articles that examine how LLM-based GenAI tools are used in different SLR phases. Following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, we screened 1,846 publications published since January 2021 until April 2025 and selected 54 for in-depth analysis. Each study was coded by review phase, prompting approach, automation level, validation type and challenges. Our findings show that GenAI is most often used to support in the screening, search, and writing phases, typically through Basic Prompting and under human oversight. While many studies report efficiency gains, concerns remain regarding validity, transparency, and methodological rigor. Moreover, GenAI is frequently applied to isolated tasks but is rarely embedded in a structured, methodologically guided review processhighlighting the need for clearer phase-specific guidance and standards. We offer a structured, phase-specific synthesis that highlights both the promise and the current limitations of GenAI in literature reviews and thereby offer practical recommendations for the responsible use of GenAI in literature reviews. KW - Generative AI KW - Large Language Models KW - ChatGPT KW - Systematic Literature Review KW - Evidence Synthesis KW - AI-assisted Literature Review Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/CBI68102.2025.00012 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Dünnweber, Jan A1 - Lorenz, Marcel A1 - Bräu, Fabian A1 - Saito, Hiroshi A1 - Melzer, Matthias T1 - Driving out the Bears from the Suburbs by Means of Location Theory and Intelligent Agents T2 - Proceedings of the ACM 12th International Conference on Animal-Computer Interaction, ACI 2025: The International Conference on Animal-Computer Interaction ; Indiana USA ; 01-04.12.2025 N2 - Due to the recent surge in bear attacks, affected municipalities have taken various measures to drive out the intruders. Political considerations include, in many places, the expansion of shooting permits. More and more regional governmental authorities invest in technologies for efficient bear hunting, such as IP cameras and computer vision. From an ecological perspective, such procedures, which are all solely aimed at decreasing the bear population, are questionable, since ecosystems can benefit from a peaceful coexistence of bears with humans: Bears remove animal carcasses and thus return vital nutrients to the soil and prevent the spread of diseases. Moreover, the bears keep the deer population in check, which is advantageous for the forest vegetation. Conflicts start, once the bears intrude populated areas, which are often rural villages and suburbs with a low population density. Naturally, bears do not see humans as prey and respect their size. When the animal attacks, this happens rather for territorial or protective reasons, e. g., after an unexpected encounter with humans unsettled it. In this work, we analyze means to eradicate the danger: We dynamically apply Weiszfeld’s algorithm for finding the shifting geometric median between time-windowed black bear sightings and use the results for implementing an early warning system. In addition, we weigh the spotted locations and predict the expected migration behavior between bear habitats using a simulation with intelligent agents. As a case study, we apply our software to data from Romania and Fukushima and identify the positions where bear repelling facilities should be placed most effectively. Y1 - 2025 SN - 9798400721236 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1145/3768539.3768546 PB - ACM CY - New York, NY, USA ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Lehmann, Lukas A1 - Herrmann, David A1 - Schaeffer, Leon A1 - Albaik, Mohammed A1 - Müller, Emily A1 - Rizzello, Gianluca A1 - Böhm, Valter T1 - Biomimetic Auxetic Compliant Tensegrity Metamaterial with Tunable Poisson's Ratio for the Application as a Soft Robotic Skin T2 - 2025 IEEE International Conference on Cyborg and Bionic Systems (CBS), Beijing, China ;10/17/2025 - 10/19/2025 N2 - The use of compliant tensegrity grids offers significant potential for adaptive and lightweight systems for applications in soft robotics. This paper presents foundational investigations into a new class of auxetic tensegrity metamaterials. This work demonstrates that the auxetic behavior of a tensegrity grid can be realized and tuned solely through the mechanical properties of tensioned members, without altering the equilibrium geometry, offering a key advantage over conventional auxetic structures with fixed topologies. To validate the concept, 3D-printed demonstrators are manufactured, tested and a possible application as a cylindrically shaped soft robotic skin is shown. Y1 - 2025 SN - 979-8-3315-9742-9 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/CBS65871.2025.11267590 SP - 188 EP - 193 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Nadimpalli, Vamsi Krishna A1 - Maier, Robert A1 - Staufer, Susanne A1 - Röhrl, Simon A1 - Ezer, Timur A1 - Grabinger, Lisa A1 - Hauser, Florian A1 - Mottok, Jürgen ED - Gómez Chova, Luis ED - González Martínez, Chelo ED - Lees, Joanna T1 - EXPERT SURVEYS TO REAL TIME ADAPTATION OF LEARNING PATHS T2 - ICERI2025 Proceedings N2 - Learning management systems rely on adaptive algorithms that use learner preferences to personalize the instructional content in form of learning paths. However, these preferences are uncertain in nature, and change over time. The present solutions are either static or purely data-driven missing the dynamic adaption to changes in the preferences and infusion of pedagogical nuances respectively. This paper introduces an extended variant of Nestor, our Bayesian network engine that models personality traits, learning styles, and learning strategies. This extension overlays a lightweight rule-based mechanism whose “secret recipe’’ lies in the infusion of expert-derived weights adapting learning paths dynamically whenever a learner selects new material in Moodle. To parameterise these rules, we conducted a structured survey with 12 hand-picked professors and researchers in educational science. Each expert responded to 4 demographic items and 12 item that are distributed across algorithm-overview, scenario-based, and example-based categories, thereby supplying the nuanced weightings that result the personalised recommendations. This hybrid system (Nestor plus the expert-infused rule layer) operated during the winter term of 2025. 18 students completed an end-of-term questionnaire. Although their learning gains were not recorded, the majority of respondents reported positive or neutral experiences with the dynamically adapted learning paths. The {Future work} will compare three engines: (i) the present dynamic, expert-infused rule layer on top of the static Bayesian network, (ii) purely data-driven machine-learning models that neglect expert weighting, and (iii) the original static-adaptation Bayesian network without rules. Analyses of log files, intermediate satisfaction surveys, and pre/post term surveys will clarify whether this on-the-fly adaptation and pedagogical nuance lead to measurable learning benefits. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.21125/iceri.2025.1571 SP - 5677 EP - 5687 PB - IATED ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schaffer, Josefa A1 - Ezer, Timur A1 - Röhrl, Simon A1 - Hauser, Florian A1 - Staufer, Susanne A1 - Nadimpalli, Vamsi Krishna A1 - Grabinger, Lisa A1 - Antoni, Erika A1 - Mottok, Jürgen ED - Gómez Chova, Luis ED - González Martínez, Chelo ED - Lees, Joanna T1 - EYE TRACKING GLASSES IN EDUCATIONAL SETTINGS: GUIDELINES ON DATA QUALITY T2 - ICERI2025 Proceedings N2 - Eye movement modeling examples, so-called EMME videos, are a valuable tool in education, helping learners better understand instructional content. Like conventional educational videos, EMME videos combine text, images, and voiceovers. However, they also display the instructor’s or teacher’s gaze, guiding learners attention to key elements. Although various approaches exist for creating EMME videos, there is currently no standardised guideline for ensuring gaze data quality. Eye tracking technology is essential to capture gaze behaviour, and in educational settings without a fixed computer monitor – such as when using blackboards or conducting live experiments – the usage of mobile eye tracking glasses is beneficial. An accuracy study is conducted using mobile eye tracking glasses to provide empirical guidance for the development of high-quality educational EMME videos and ensure that the instructor’s or teacher’s gaze is captured with high precision. The study uses the Tobii Pro Glasses 3 and involves a static and a dynamic setup with 34 participants. To gain insight into the effects of visual impairments on accuracy, we also include participants who wear contact lenses. In the static setup, participants are seated at a desk with a headrest and focus on a poster with nine fixation points. In the dynamic setup, participants are walking in a controlled half-circle around the poster while maintaining focus on its centre. Each setup is performed multiple times under varying lighting levels (300 lux, 700 lux) and distances between participant and poster (80 cm, 120 cm, 180 cm). This enables the simulation of diverse educational environments, including the possibility of a teacher’s or instructor’s movement. The study results will be evaluated regarding lighting conditions, the distance between the person wearing eye tracking glasses and the object, and possible influences of contact lenses. Based on these findings, favourable conditions for creating EMME videos in educational settings are collected, especially when working without a fixed computer monitor. The results address the outlined research gap by providing instructors and teachers with guidelines enabling them to produce high-quality educational EMME videos. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.21125/iceri.2025.1419 SP - 5027 EP - 5038 PB - IATED ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Alhulaibi, Ayham A1 - Frauenschläger, Tobias A1 - Mottok, Jürgen T1 - Towards Post-Quantum-Ready Automated Certificate Lifecycle Management in Operational Technology T2 - SECURWARE 2025, The Nineteenth International Conference on Emerging Security Information, Systems and Technologies, 26.-30.10.2025, Barcelona N2 - Operational Technology (OT) systems increasingly depend on robust and automated certificate lifecycle management to maintain secure operations across long device lifespans and constrained environments. As quantum-capable adversaries emerge, these systems must also support cryptographic agility and prepare for a seamless transition to Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC). This work presents a crypto-agile, post-quantum-ready testbed architecture that extends existing standards, such as Enrollment over Secure Transport (EST) and Bootstrapping Remote Secure Key Infrastructure (BRSKI), to support hybrid certificates, hardware-based key storage, and protocol flexibility for device bootstrapping and certificate management. A work-in-progress prototype implementation demonstrates support for both traditional and PQC algorithms across device types. Planned evaluations target performance on constrained devices, PQC readiness, and compatibility with alternative protocols. The system lays a foundation for secure and standards-compliant certificate management in future-proof OT deployments. KW - Automated Device Onboarding KW - BRSKI KW - Operational Technology Security. KW - Post-Quantum Cryptography KW - Public Key Infrastructure KW - Security Token Y1 - 2025 UR - https://www.thinkmind.org/library/SECURWARE/SECURWARE_2025 SN - 978-1-68558-306-4 SP - 112 EP - 116 PB - IARIA ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schönberger, Manuel A1 - Trummer, Immanuel A1 - Mauerer, Wolfgang T1 - Large-Scale Multiple Query Optimisation with Incremental Quantum(-Inspired) Annealing T2 - Proceedings of the ACM on Management of Data N2 - Multiple-query optimization (MQO) seeks to reduce redundant work across query batches. While MQO offers opportunities for dramatic performance improvements, the problem is NP-hard, limiting the sizes of problems that can be solved on generic hardware. We propose to leverage specialized hardware solvers for optimization, such as Fujitsu's Digital Annealer (DA), to scale up MQO to problem sizes formerly out of reach. We present a novel incremental processing approach that combines classical computation with DA acceleration. By efficiently partitioning MQO problems into sets of partial problems, and by applying a dynamic search steering strategy that reapplies initially discarded information to incrementally process individual problems, our method overcomes capacity limitations, and scales to extremely large MQO instances (up to νm1000 queries). A thorough and comprehensive empirical evaluation finds our method substantially outperforms existing approaches. Our generalisable framework lays the ground for other database use-cases on quantum-inspired hardware, and bridges towards future quantum accelerators. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1145/3749171 VL - 3 IS - 4 PB - ACM ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schamel, Marco A1 - Achhammer, Anton A1 - Schumm, Leon A1 - Sterner, Michael T1 - Harvesting Sustainability: Cost-competitiveness of Green Fertilizer Value Chains in Western Africa T2 - Proceedings of the 2025 IEEE PES/IAS PowerAfrica Conference (PAC 2025): pioneering sustainable energy solutions for Africa's Future, 28.09-02.10 2025, Cairo, Egypt N2 - The use of nitrogen fertilizers in Sub-Saharan Africa is low compared to other regions of the world, leading to inadequate crop yields. Furthermore, conventional production from fossil fuel-based ammonia is highly emissions-intensive, making decarbonization urgent. Local production using green hydrogen, sourced solely from solar energy, water, and air, could address both agricultural and climate challenges. This study focuses on Ghana, where nitrogen inputs are among the lowest globally. Using an open-source framework, we evaluate high-resolution production costs for sustainable ammonia and examine two decarbonized pathways: aqueous ammonia and urea. It is found that cost estimates with current assumptions mostly exceed historical prices. However, given their resilience to global market disruptions and expected future cost decreases of the technologies used, these sustainable approaches represent a promising pathway for development in Sub-Saharan Africa. Y1 - 2025 SN - 979-8-3315-9850-1 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/PowerAfrica65840.2025.11289137 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Sadeque, Md. Golam A1 - Ahmmed, Tanvir A1 - Hossain, Md. Aowal A1 - Rahman, Md. Naimur A1 - Sarker, Md Tanjil A1 - Ramasamy, Gobbi T1 - A Novel CWT-CNN Framework for Driver Fatigue Detection from EEG Signals T2 - 2025 Multimedia University Engineering Conference (MECON), 21-23 July 2025, Cyberjaya, Malaysia N2 - Fatigued driving has been a significant contributor to traffic accidents globally, posing serious threats to both human life and economic stability. Machine learning techniques based on electroencephalography (EEG) are showing promise for detecting driver fatigue, excelling other physiological modalities in this regard. However, it requires a lot of exertion, demands domain knowledge, and may not generalize effectively across different datasets to manually extract features from EEG signals. Therefore, investigating innovative deep-learning architectures that can effectively extract discriminative characteristics from unprocessed EEG data is necessary. This paper proposes a novel framework for driver fatigue detection from EEG signals using Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT) and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN). Rather than depending on hand-crafted feature extraction, we use CWT to convert EEG data into time-frequency spectrum pictures. After concatenating these spectral images from every channel, a CNN is fed to learn discriminative features for driver normal and fatigued states automatically. An average classification accuracy of 98.3% is obtained by evaluating the proposed CWT-CNN system on a publicly available EEG dataset comprising recordings from twelve subjects. The results obtained indicate that the CWT-CNN framework has enormous potential to create strong driver fatigue detection systems, thereby enhancing road safety. KW - CNN KW - CWT KW - Deep Learning (DL) KW - Driver Fatigue KW - EEG Y1 - 2025 SN - 979-8-3315-5549-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/MECON67253.2025.11277149 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Galka, Stefan A1 - Meißner, Sebastian T1 - Simulation-Based Digital Twins for Internal Transport Systems T2 - Procedia Computer Science N2 - The increasing complexity of internal transport systems in industrial applications poses significant challenges for operational decision-making. This paper presents a simulation-based Digital Twin framework developed within the research project TwinTraSys to support the control of such systems. The framework is specifically tailored to the constraints of real-world IT infrastructures, requiring minimal transaction data, while enabling predictive analysis and dynamic scenario evaluation. It consists of a modular architecture divided into four core components: data provision, data preparation, simulation, and decision support. A dedicated simulation framework enables the automated generation of structural models and the integration of real-world operational control systems. The proposed approach has been validated in industrial settings and has demonstrated its ability to support resource planning and transport resource allocation through simulation-based experimentation and multi-criteria evaluation. This paper contributes to the practical advancement of Digital Twin applications in intralogistics by bridging the gap between theoretical models and real-world constraints. KW - Digital Twin KW - Intralogistics KW - Logistics KW - Operational Control KW - Simulation KW - Simulation-based Decision Support Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2025.12.016 N1 - Corresponding author der OTH Regensburg: Stefan Galka VL - 274 SP - 161 EP - 170 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hopfensperger, Bernhard A1 - Vanselow, Marcel A1 - Hopkins, Andrew A1 - Hahn, Ingo T1 - Investigation of the Effect of Magnetic Coupling on the Capacitor Current of Dual Three-Phase Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine Drives T2 - 2025 Energy Conversion Congress & Expo Europe (ECCE Europe); Birmingham, United Kingdom ; 9/1/2025 - 9/4/2025 N2 - The drive towards electrification of vehicles and transport systems has led to research into multiphase drive topologies beyond the conventional three. Dual three-phase machine drives are attractive due to reduced torque and DC-link harmonic content in addition to fault tolerance. Further DC-link rms-current reductions can be realised by applying appropriate modulation schemes and shifting/interleaving PWM patterns. However, the magnetic cross coupling between the two three-phase systems impacts the output current harmonics and subsequently the torque ripple which is further exacerbated by interleaving of their respective carriers. The impact of magnetic coupling on the DC-link and output current ripples is investigated. Y1 - 2025 SN - 979-8-3315-6752-1 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE-Europe62795.2025.11238664 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hauser, Florian A1 - Staufer, Susanne A1 - Röhrl, Simon A1 - Nadimpalli, Vamsi Krishna A1 - Ezer, Timur A1 - Grabinger, Lisa A1 - Mottok, Jürgen A1 - Falter, Thomas ED - Gómez Chova, Luis ED - González Martínez, Chelo ED - Lees, Joanna T1 - LEVERAGING FIVE QUESTIONNAIRES TO ANALYZE STUDENT LEARNING STRATEGIES AND GENERATE AI-POWERED INDIVIDUALIZED LEARNING PATHS T2 - ICERI2025 Proceedings N2 - Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly accelerated the shift toward online and blended learning in higher education, placing renewed emphasis on the individualization of learning content to meet diverse student needs. Even high-quality learning materials may fail to engage learners if they do not align with students’ personal preferences and learning styles. Identifying these learner preferences, therefore, emerges as a critical challenge. Objectives: This paper presents ongoing work within a larger research project aimed at employing artificial intelligence to recommend optimal learning path for students in specific courses. Beyond mere optimization, the goal is to ensure the best possible fit between learning materials and individual learners. Sample & Methods: A total of 27 students from technical degree programs took part in this survey. All participation was voluntary, and data were handled in full compliance with GDPR regulations. Although our broader project integrates fine-grained learning analytics from Moodle, the present abstract focuses exclusively on the self-report questionnaire results. Participants completed five instruments: 1. Index of Learning Styles (ILS) 2. LIST-K (Learning and Study Strategies Inventory – Short version) 3. BFI-10 (Big Five Inventory – 10 items) 4. Custom Preferences Instrument, capturing preferences for specific learning elements (e.g. instructional videos, lecture notes, summaries) and basic demographic data 5. Motivational Value Systems Questionnaire (MVSQ), piloted last semester to assess value orientations and motivational drivers Results: Preliminary analyses of the questionnaire data reveal: - Learning Styles (ILS): The majority lean toward the visual learning type (M = 5.740, SD = 3.430). - Learning Strategies (LIST-K): High scores on metacognitive strategies (M = 3.000; SD = 0.520) and collaboration with peers (M = 3.190; SD = 0.540). - Preferred Learning Elements: Summaries, overviews, and self-checks are most favored. - Value Orientations (MVSQ): Students are primarily driven by the pursuit of personal achievement (M = 4.400; SD = 11.140). Conclusion & Significance: By integrating these five standardized questionnaires, we gain valuable insights into student learning preferences—insights that complement our Moodle analytics in the broader project. Observed trends suggest that learning materials should be concise and designed to facilitate peer interaction and knowledge deepening. These findings will guide the refinement of our AI-driven recommendation engine, enhancing its ability to deliver personalized learning paths that boost both engagement and effectiveness. KW - AI in higher education KW - learning management system KW - adaptive learning KW - personalized learning paths KW - online and blended learning Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.21125/iceri.2025.0658 SP - 1775 EP - 1784 PB - IATED ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Ezer, Timur A1 - Röhrl, Simon A1 - Mottok, Jürgen ED - Gómez Chova, Luis ED - González Martínez, Chelo ED - Lees, Joanna T1 - Towards accurate eye tracking: quantifying error in linear pixel-to-degree conversion T2 - ICERI2025 Proceedings N2 - Eye tracking has become a powerful tool for analyzing cognitive processes in educational research. Educators and researchers can utilize eye tracking to model learners by determining their gaze patterns. In addition, eye tracking can be used directly for teaching by extracting experts' gaze behavior in certain areas and learning from it. However, eye tracking data is captured in a variety of coordinate systems, which can differ across individual studies. Consequently, algorithms, such as eye movement classifiers, must frequently convert gaze data between different coordinate systems. In particular, the conversion from screen pixels into visual degrees is typically approximated by a linear conversion in current literature and standard practice. However, this approximation introduces inaccuracies, thus potentially obscuring eye movements relevant to educational research. This paper provides a detailed geometric and analytical examination of the commonly applied linear approximation, quantifying its error in comparison to the exact coordinate conversion from screen pixels to angular degrees. For this purpose, the exact conversion formulas are mathematically derived from geometric optics, enabling researchers and educators to use them in their work. Utilizing these derived transformations can improve the robustness of analyses, for example, when detecting subtle eye movements. The present work supports educational research using eye tracking to achieve more insightful findings that may have previously been obscured by measurement inaccuracies. Thereby, we provide an important contribution toward more reliable and valid research and educational practices in eye tracking. KW - Eye tracking KW - coordinate system KW - conversion KW - angular degree KW - pixel Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.21125/iceri.2025.1841 SP - 6709 EP - 6717 PB - IATED ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Bugl, Benedikt A1 - Schneider, Viola I. A1 - Sehr, Armin T1 - Vertical Sound Localization: Precision and Robustness to Reverberation in a Large-Scale Study T2 - Proceedings of the 11th Convention of the European Acoustics Association Forum Acusticum / EuroNoise 2025 // Málaga, Spain ; 23-26. June 2025 N2 - Vertical sound localization, the ability to perceive the elevation of a sound source, is a fundamental aspect of human auditory perception, yet it remains far less understood than horizontal localization. Existing studies rely on small sample sizes, limiting the generalizability of findings. The presented study bridges that gap by examining vertical sound localization and precision in a cohort exceeding 150 participants, making it the largest investigation of its kind to date.Participants were exposed to broadband noise stimuli from various elevations under controlled anechoic conditions. The elevation localization error was measured by comparing perceived sound source elevations to actual positions of speakers of a curved array. Azimuth angles of arrival were altered between 0°, 45° and 90°. For a small group the experiment was repeated in echoic conditions, to gain insight in reverberation and reflection robustness of vertical sound localization.This large-scale study establishes benchmarks for vertical sound localization precision and robustness, advancing our understanding of human auditory spatial perception. These findings have implications for audio technology development, such as spatial audio rendering and hearing aid design, and lay the groundwork for further exploration into the neural and anatomical underpinnings of vertical localization. Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-84-87985-35-5 U6 - https://doi.org/10.61782/fa.2025.0953 SP - 3431 EP - 3434 PB - European Acoustics Association ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Stadler, Sebastian A1 - Seitz, Marie Sophie T1 - When algorithms design: a comparative study pits an AI-generated application against a manual application in a competition of user experience and user-friendliness T2 - Proceedings of 2025 11th international HCI and UX conference in Indonesia, 5 + 6. December 2025, Bali (CHIuXiD) N2 - The rapid growth of artificial intelligence has enabled automated website creation, including design, content, and SEO. This study compares an AI-generated application with a manually designed one in terms of usability and user experience. Forty-two participants evaluated efficiency, effectiveness, satisfaction, emotional responses, and behavioural patterns. The manual application outperformed the AI-generated one in most datasets, particularly in clarity, supportiveness, and comprehensibility, while speed, learnability, activation, creativity, and security showed no significant differences. Users reported more positive emotions and confident interactions with the manual application, whereas the AI application elicited uncertainty and frustration. These behavioural differences were also reflected in processing times and task completion rates, suggesting that AI-generated solutions currently struggle to meet established UX standards. Nevertheless, the AI builder demonstrated potential for rapid prototyping and low-effort website creation, offering advantages for users with limited technical skills or resources. The findings highlight both the opportunities and limitations of current AI-based web design tools and underline the importance of human-centered design expertise in achieving high-quality user experiences. Despite existing shortcomings, AI-supported tools may become increasingly viable as technology advances. KW - user experience KW - usability KW - artificial intelligence KW - user experience questionnaire Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/CHIuXiD68326.2025.11323819 SP - 55 EP - 60 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Staufer, Susanne A1 - Ezer, Timur A1 - Röhrl, Simon A1 - Grabinger, Lisa A1 - Hauser, Florian A1 - Nadimpalli, Vamsi Krishna A1 - Antoni, Erika A1 - Mottok, Jürgen A1 - Schaffer, Josefa T1 - TYCHE ALGORITHM 2.0: Learning Paths from Questionnaire Responses and Learning Analytics T2 - ICERI2025 Proceedings N2 - The digitalization of learning processes has increased the need for adaptive learning paths tailored individually to learners. A novel algorithm for learning path generation is presented in this paper, namely Tyche 2.0. It extends the original Tyche approach after Staufer et al. – a Markov model for generating learning paths – by integrating additional learner data beyond learning styles (Index of Learning Styles (ILS)), including learning strategies (LIST-K questionnaire), personality traits (BFI-10 questionnaire), and learning analytics captured through screen recordings. In order to be able to use the screen recordings, a heuristic evaluates them. Furthermore, this enhanced algorithm employs Markov models to dynamically generate personalized learning paths. These are based on both questionnaire responses and real-time engagement data, the weights of which undergo dynamic adjustment over time. We made a small evaluation of Tyche 2.0 without the learning analytics influence, which shows that there is room for further improvements. Future research will focus on evaluating whole Tyche 2.0 in another university setting to further improve personalization and user engagement. KW - Markov model KW - Learning paths KW - Learning style KW - Learning strategy KW - Personality traits KW - Learning analytics Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-87846 SN - 978-84-09-78706-7 SP - 2562 EP - 2572 PB - IATED ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Buchmann, Thomas A1 - Schwägerl, Felix T1 - Using Meta-code Generation to Realize Higher-order Model Transformations T2 - Proceedings of the 8th International Joint Conference on Software Technologies, July 29-31, 2013, in Reykjavík, Iceland, Vol. 1 N2 - Model-driven engineering is a wide-spread paradigm in modern software engineering. During the last couple of years, many tools and languages have been developed, which are especially designed for model transformations — a discipline which is needed in many model-driven engineering approaches. While most of the existing model-to-model tools and languages are tailored towards batch transformations for specific model instances, they lack support for generic transformation problems, where the metamodel is unknown beforehand. In this paper we present a two-step meta-code generation approach that derives a metamodel-specific modelto- model transformation from a model-to-text transformation. The approach has been successfully applied to the problem of product derivation in model-driven software product lines. KW - Model-driven Development KW - M2M Transformations KW - Model Transformations KW - Higher-order Transformations KW - Software Product Lines Y1 - 2013 SN - 978-989-8565-68-6 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.5220/0004522305360541 SP - 536 EP - 541 PB - SciTePress - Science and and Technology Publications ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schwägerl, Felix A1 - Uhrig, Sabrina T1 - Tool Support for the Evaluation of Matching Algorithms in the Eclipse Modeling Framework T2 - Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Model-Driven Engineering and Software Development, February 19-21, 2013, in Barcelona, Spain, Vol. 1 N2 - In the field of model-driven development, sophisticated support for comparing model versions is urgently needed. Unfortunately, algorithms for model matching have been rarely evaluated so far. This paper deals with two extensions to the Eclipse Modeling Framework (EMF) that facilitate the evaluation of matching algorithms for EMF models, with the goal to combine user involvement and automated testing in the evaluation process. First a tree editor is presented that allows for the manual and semi-automated creation of match models which formalize the intended matching result. Second a benchmarking procedure is implemented which – given the intended match and the actual results of matching algorithms – automatically derives the number of a and b errors in a target-performance comparison. These results are valuable for drawing conclusions about the specific qualities of matching algorithms or for finding an adequate set of parameters for a configurable algorithm. KW - EMF Models KW - Model Comparison KW - Matching Algorithms KW - Evaluation Y1 - 2013 SN - 978-989-8565-42-6 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5220/0004310801010110 SN - 2184-4348 SP - 101 EP - 110 PB - SciTePress - Science and and Technology Publications ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Bauer, Lukas A1 - Vitzthumecker, Thomas A1 - Bierl, Rudolf A1 - Ehrnsperger, Matthias T1 - Machine-learning-based detection and severity estimation of drought stress in plants using hyperspectral imaging data T2 - Remote Sensing for Agriculture, Ecosystems, and Hydrology XXVII N2 - Growing food demand due to population growth, coupled with increasingly frequent and severe droughts caused by climate change make water increasingly scarce. To address this, accurate assessment of plant water demand is essential for precise drought treatment and water conservation. Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) captures hypercubes, a combination of spectral and spatial data and offers promising capabilities for detection of plant stresses. However, most reported approaches only use selected spectral bands or indices, neglecting the full hypercube information. This is assumed to limit the detection accuracy. To overcome these limitations, we aim to develop a measurement pipeline to generate a comprehensive dataset comprising hypercubes of plants under varying drought stress levels along with selected physiological, environmental, and illumination data. This dataset will be used to train suitable data-driven models that enable improved drought stress detection as well as the non-invasive determination of physiological parameters based on HSI data. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3072011 PB - SPIE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Jannsen, Kai A1 - Ehrnsperger, Matthias T1 - Edge-efficient convolutional neural network for real-time doppler radar gesture recognition T2 - 2025 IEEE Radar Conference (RadarConf25), 4.-9. Oktober 2025, Krakow N2 - Embedded gesture recognition using radar sensors enables intuitive and robust human-machine interfaces, which is appealing for automotive applications such as trunk opening via foot gesture. Designing a radar-based classifier that runs ondevice (edge) under strict resource constraints poses several challenges. The system must achieve real-time inference (e.g. under 200 ms) on a microcontroller unit (MCU), while maintaining high accuracy, and minimize false detections. This paper focuses on a binary classification task, while distinguishing a valid trunkopening “kick” gesture from other motions. Firstly, we evaluate classical machine learning (cML) models (Random Forests or support vector machines (SVMs)) for baseline performance, however they face difficulties with higher false positive rates and do not meet real time criteria. We then employ Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and apply neural architecture search (NAS) to discover a compact CNN tailored for a 60 GHz Doppler radar dataset of 50 subjects, each with 10 leg gestures. By constraining network depth, filter sizes, and hyperparameters, NAS yields a small but accurate “edge” CNN that fits within the limited memory of a STM32 Nucleo F446RE microcontroller. The final model achieves 95.1 % accuracy on the binary classification task with 96.6 % precision and 2.17 % false positive rate (FPR), and requires only 167.5 ms to run inference on the MCU. Y1 - 2025 SN - 979-8-3315-4433-1 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/RadarConf2559087.2025.11205096 SP - 877 EP - 881 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Ehrnsperger, Matthias G. T1 - Multimodal sensor fusion for resilient perception: combining radar and imaging for all-weather object tracking T2 - Artificial Intelligence and Image and Signal Processing for Remote Sensing XXXI N2 - This work presents the concept and initial qualitative observations of a multimodal perception system that fuses radar, lidar, and camera data to improve object detection and tracking under adverse environmental conditions. The approach focuses on building weather-impact models for each sensor modality—quantifying performance degradation effects such as color shifts and contrast loss in cameras, range reduction and spurious returns in lidar, and resolution limitations in radar. These models will later inform adaptive sensor fusion strategies deployed on embedded edge-AI hardware, using an Infineon BGT60TR13C FMCW radar, Intel RealSense D455 depth camera, and low-power processors. Preliminary visual inspection of collected datasets indicates that combining complementary sensing modalities can maintain detection continuity under conditions where single modalities fail. Future work will quantitatively evaluate these effects and demonstrate weather-adaptive perception on the embedded platform. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3071683 PB - SPIE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Ehrnsperger, Matthias G. T1 - Enhancing object recognition through camera-radar fusion and micro-doppler signature integration T2 - Emerging Technologies and Materials for Security and Defence 2025 N2 - Object recognition systems based on visual sensors often struggle in degraded environmental conditions such as fog, rain, darkness, or occlusion. Radar, in contrast, offers robust detection capabilities under such conditions but lacks the spatial resolution of optical sensors. This paper presents an ongoing research effort towards a multimodal sensor fusion framework that integrates camera data with radar signals, specifically exploiting micro-Doppler (μD) signatures, with the aim of improving object recognition robustness. The proposed setup uses an Intel RealSense Depth Camera D455 and an Infineon BGT60TR13C radar sensor, deployed on a low-power embedded platform with STM32 microcontrollers. The signal processing pipeline, currently under development, combines time–frequency radar analysis with convolutional neural network-based visual feature extraction for real-time edge AI inference. We describe the system design, preliminary data acquisition setup, and planned evaluation strategy. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3071682 PB - SPIE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Vetter, Miriam A1 - Haug, Sonja A1 - Weber, Karsten ED - BBSR – Bundesinstitut für Bau-, Stadt- und Raumforschung im Bundesamt für Bauwesen und Raumordnung, T1 - Die Zukunft der Notfallerkennung in Haushalten älterer Menschen : eine Technikbewertung T2 - Demografische Alterungsprozesse : Chancen und Herausforderungen für die Regionalentwicklung N2 - Die meisten älteren Personen wünschen sich ein Altern in der Häuslichkeit, auch bei zunehmendem Anteil an Pflegebedürftigen in der Bevölkerung. Der Pflegenotstand im ländlichen Raum und im ambulanten Bereich stellt die häusliche Versorgung jedoch vor Herausforderungen. Die Digitalisierung soll dabei Abhilfe schaffen. Hausnotrufsysteme sind eine weit verbreitete Form digitaler Assistenzsysteme, die auf Knopfdruck Hilferufe an Hausnotrufzentralen übermitteln. Sie stehen jedoch in der Kritik, da die Handsender aus Angst vor Stigmatisierung von den Pflegebedürftigen oft abgelegt und daher trotz Notlage nicht genutzt werden. Neben vielfältiger Forschung zu digitalen Assistenzsystemen werden zunehmend technische Prototypen zu Smart-Meter-Anwendungen zur Notfallerkennung für ältere Menschen entwickelt, die mithilfe von Stromverbrauchsdaten und Künstlicher Intelligenz auf Inaktivität und somit mögliche Notfälle schließen. Smart-Meter sind intelligente Messsysteme, die für bestimmte Privathaushalte gesetzlich verpflichtend eingeführt werden, um Netzstabilität zu gewährleisten. Dieser Beitrag stellt erste Ergebnisse einer Technikbewertung mithilfe eines Mixed-Method-Ansatzes vor. Ein Drittel der Expertinnen und Experten sieht eine positive Nutzungsintention. Die Bevölkerungsbefragung zeigt Unentschlossenheit bezüglich der neuen Technologie. Eine Nutzungsintention besteht vor allem bei jüngeren technikaffinen Personen, d.h. den älteren Menschen der Zukunft. KW - Notfallerkennung KW - Smart Meter KW - Akzeptanz Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.58007/gcpc-7j48 SN - 1868-0097 SP - 126 EP - 136 PB - BBSR – Bundesinstitut für Bau-, Stadt- und Raumforschung im Bundesamt für Bauwesen und Raumordnung (BBR) CY - Bonn ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Irlenborn, Yvonne A1 - Haug, Sonja ED - BBSR – Bundesinstitut für Bau-, Stadt- und Raumforschung im Bundesamt für Bauwesen und Raumordnung, T1 - Zivilgesellschaft im Wandel – Zwischen Potenzial und Herausforderung. Ergebnisse einer Befragung in der Gemeinde Hebertshausen (Bayern) T2 - Demografische Alterungsprozesse. Chancen und Herausforderungen für die Regionalentwicklung N2 - Was motiviert Menschen dazu, sich freiwillig und ehrenamtlich zu engagieren? Worin unterscheiden sich die Motive der verschiedenen Altersgruppen? Und welche Potenziale und Herausforderungen ergeben sich daraus für die Region? Ausgehend vom strukturellen Wandel des Wohlfahrtsstaates, der unter anderem durch den demografischen Wandel bedingt ist, sehen sich kommunale Akteure zunehmend in der Pflicht, ihre Bürgerschaft zu aktivieren, um soziale Versorgungslücken zu schließen. Freiwilliges und ehrenamtliches Engagement dient dabei nicht nur der Förderung der Gemeinschaft, sondern sichert auch Existenzen – als Ressource der Gesellschaft und zur Stärkung der sozialen Teilhabe – selbst in den kleinsten und strukturschwächsten Kommunen. Die Zivilgesellschaft, als alternative und sozialkommunale Versorgungsstrategie, bietet hier Lösungsansätze für gesamtgesellschaftliche Herausforderungen, die sich aus der demografischen Alterung ergeben. Der Beitrag stellt Ergebnisse einer Fallstudie mit einer qualitativen Befragung von Expertinnen und Experten (n=14) und einer quantitativen Befragung (n=117) zur Motivation von Bürgerinnen und Bürgern für freiwilliges und ehrenamtliches Engagement in der Gemeinde Hebertshausen vor. Hebertshausen ist eine kreisangehörige Gemeinde im Landkreis Dachau (Regierungsbezirk Oberbayern, Bundesland Bayern) mit grundzentraler Funktion (siehe Abschnitt 3). KW - Zivilgesellschaft KW - Demografischer Wandel KW - Demografischer Wandel KW - Zivilgesellschaft KW - Ehrenamt Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.58007/gcpc-7j48 SN - 1868-0097 VL - 2025 SP - 62 EP - 76 PB - BBSR CY - Bonn ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Saffert, Anne-Sophie A1 - Wiederer, Jonas A1 - Höng, Simon A1 - Linner, Thomas A1 - Obergrießer, Mathias A1 - Neumann, Patrick T1 - Towards AI-based optimization of human-centered and robot-assisted construction processes T2 - Proceedings of the 42nd International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction (ISARC), Montreal, Canada July 28-31, 2025 N2 - This research explores an innovative AI-driven approach to optimizing construction processes with a focus on humancentered design, addressing key challenges in the construction industry, such as skilled labor shortages and ergonomic risks associated withwork-related musculoskeletal disorders. By integrating process design with AI-based algorithms into simulation tools, various construction process layout variants including robot-assisted scenarios can be simulated and evaluated based on user-specific key performance indicators (e.g., ergonomic score, layouting parameters) to identify optimized solutions. A data processing algorithm automates the process, eliminating the need for manual simulation variations and resulting in increased operational productivity. The AI-based system evaluates and optimizes process layouts by adjusting control parameters. A case study on a brick laying process serves as an exemplary use case, highlighting the necessity and impact of adopting process optimization. The findings emphasize the transformative potential of automated process optimization within simulation environments to rethink existing construction practices, enhance worker well-being, and boost operational productivity. KW - AI-based Learning KW - Simulation KW - Process optimization KW - Human Factors KW - Parametric Design Automation Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-0-6458322-2-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.22260/ISARC2025/0112 SN - 2413-5844 N1 - Präsentationsvideo: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QL-1mIuy-_M SP - 861 EP - 868 PB - IAARC ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hammer, Pascal A1 - Mottok, Jürgen T1 - Prototyping for high-performance random number generators for critical systems T2 - 2025 International Conference on Applied Electronics (AE), 08-09. September 2025, Pilsen Czech Republic N2 - The security of modern cryptographic applications depends on the quality of their random number generators (RNGs). While physical true random number generators (PTRNGs) provide high-quality randomness, their performance is often insufficient for high-throughput applications. On the other hand, deterministic random number generators (DRNGs) offer better speed but lack true randomness. This paper presents an approach to developing a high-performance PTRNG. The research focuses on optimizing the digitization of analog noise signals. For this purpose, an ADC was selected that can digitize analog signals at a high clock rate. The functionality of the ADC could be verified by digitizing reference signals. Preliminary results by digitizing the analog noise signal demonstrates the feasibility of the proposed approach, but highlight challenges in achieving good results for Min-Entropy. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/AE66163.2025.11197780 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Baumann, Timo A1 - Pohl, Martin A1 - Selgrad, Kai ED - Schäfle, Claudia ED - Dölling, Hanna T1 - Einführung und erste Evaluation des Selbstlernkonzepts CodeClinic an der OTH Regensburg T2 - Tagungsband MINT Symposium 2025. Zukunft MINT Lehre: Was bleibt? Was kommt? Was wirkt? N2 - Mit der CodeClinic wollen wir das Programmieren-Lernen – eine der großen Einstiegshürden in Informatik- und informatiknahen Studiengängen – in einen Prozess überführen, der das gemeinschaftliche Lernen in der Hochschullehre stärker als bisher in den Vordergrund rückt. Davon profitieren Studierende in ihrer fachlichen und persönlichen Entwicklung, und das Lernumfeld spiegelt die tatsächliche Realität der beruflichen Praxis besser wider. Wir unterstützen dieses Konzept durch einen für selbstgesteuertes und gemeinschaftliches Lernen ausgelegten SCALE-UP-Raum, den wir an der OTH Regensburg eingerichtet haben. In unserem Beitrag erläutern wir Konzept und Raum und liefern eine erste Evaluation zum Erfolg unserer Maßnahmen. KW - Hochschuldidaktik KW - Programmierung KW - Studieneingangsphase KW - SCALE-UP KW - Lernen durch Lehren (LdL) KW - BayernMINT Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-86138 SN - 1612-4537 PB - BayZiel – Bayerisches Zentrum für Innovative Lehre CY - München ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Marterer, Verena A1 - Muhr, Franz-Xaver A1 - Soukup, Radek A1 - Hipp, Susanne A1 - Blecha, Tomáš T1 - Material characterization using waveguide measurement technique for the development of textile antennas T2 - 2025 19th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP); 30. March - 04. April 2025, Stockholm, Sweden N2 - Significant advances in using conductive textiles have been made over the past two decades, particularly in knitted fabrics. The aim is to deepen understanding of how knitted structures, especially those with hybrid yarns containing fine conductive elements (microwires), interact with electromagnetic fields. To establish simulation models that align with subsequent measurements, it is crucial to determine the dielectric properties, specifically relative permittivity and loss tangent/conductivity. This research investigates whether knitted structures with hybrid yarns exhibit anisotropic permittivity, meaning different dielectric properties along orthogonal axes within the fabric plane. These properties were measured using a waveguide technique, whereby the structures were rotated by 90° to observe changes. The results demonstrate that the knitted structure exhibits metallic-like reflective behavior in one direction, while rotation leads to dielectric material characteristics. This effect is influenced by the number of conductive microwires and the materials used for these wires, such as silver-plated copper or bronze. KW - textile antennas KW - electromagnetic interaction KW - hybrid yarns KW - knitted structure KW - conductive textiles Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-88-31299-10-7 U6 - https://doi.org/10.23919/EuCAP63536.2025.10999278 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Marterer, Verena A1 - Soukup, Radek A1 - Hipp, Susanne A1 - Blecha, Tomáš T1 - Effective material approach for simulating knitted bowtie antennas T2 - 2025 6th International Conference in Electronic Engineering & Information Technology (EEITE); 4-6 June 2025, Chania Greece N2 - Textile antennas offer a promising solution for the integration of communication and sensor functions into wearable systems. Their flexibility, lightweight and seamless compatibility with garments make them ideal for wearable technology and medical monitoring applications. This paper investigates the characterization and simulation of a bowtie antenna made from knitted textile structures with hybrid yarns. These yarns, which consist of metallic microwires combined with textile threads, exhibit unique electromagnetic properties. The aim is to create a comprehensive simulation model using the effective material approach to reduce computational complexity while maintaining accuracy. Compared to a full three-dimensional simulation of the knitted structure, the effective material approach significantly reduces computational time and effort. Practical measurements were carried out in the frequency range from 3.3 GHz to 4.9 GHz to determine the dielectric properties of the materials. KW - Textile antennas KW - Electromagnetic simulation KW - Effective material KW - Waveguide measurement Y1 - 2025 SN - 979-8-3315-4419-5 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/EEITE65381.2025.11165995 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Rasp, Franziska A1 - Sahinbas, Burak A1 - Reisinger, Thomas A1 - Leitgeb, Erich A1 - Hipp, Susanne T1 - Polarization-based peak distortion mitigation for 5G sidelink positioning T2 - 2025 International Conference on Software, Telecommunications and Computer Networks (SoftCOM), 18-20 September 2025, Split, Coratia N2 - For cooperative driving both environmental perception and communication with other vehicles and the infrastructure are essential to avoid safety critical situations. The 5G Sidelink, as part of the Cellular Vehicle to Everything framework, enables both communication and, since 3GPP Release 18, positioning for distance estimation between vehicles. Due to the expected bandwidth limitations of 5G Sidelink in the Intelligent Transportation System band, combined with signal distortion caused by multi-path superposition, achieving submeter positioning accuracy is a significant challenge. Polarization diversity is investigated as a potential approach to mitigate errors resulting from signal distortion and subsequent peak shifts due to multi-path superposition. This work investigates the potential for reduced peak shift errors through the use of dual-polarized receive antennas. The received signals are processed using a polarization scan algorithm and compared to the accuracy achieved with single-antenna systems. The analysis is conducted using the Quasi Deterministic Radio Channel Generator framework with statistical Vehicle-to-Everything channel models. Simulation results show that polarization scan-based postprocessing reduces peak shifts and improves robustness in scenarios with polarization-mismatched antenna configurations. KW - Polarization Diversity KW - Antennas KW - Propagation KW - Positioning KW - 5G Sidelink Y1 - 2025 UR - https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/11197466 SN - 978-953-290-143-6 SN - 1847-358X PB - IEEE CY - Split ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Ried, Michael A1 - Neidhart, Thomas ED - Moormann, Christian ED - Vogt-Breyer, Carola T1 - Untersuchung elektroosmotischer Effekte auf Adhäsion und Gleitreibung eines bindigen Modellbodens: ein elektrisches Gleichspannungsfeld zur Veränderung der Mechanik zwischen Boden und Stahl T2 - 14. Kolloquium Bauen in Boden und Fels: Fachtagung über aktuelle Herausforderungen der Geotechnik, 30. + 31. Januar 2024, Esslingen N2 - In der Bauausführung und Maschinentechnik sieht man sich immerwährend mit Haft- und Reibkräften zwischen Stahloberflächen und bindigen Böden konfrontiert. Im (Spezial-)tiefbau und auch im Tunnelbau führt die Adhäsionsneigung bindiger Böden an Aushubwerkzeugen zu massiven wirtschaftlichen Einbußen der jeweiligen Baumaßnahme und ist mit großem energetischem Aufwand für die Reinigung der Werkzeuge verbunden. In den vergangenen Jahren wurde über den Einsatz eines elektrischen Gleichspannungsfeldes mehrfach eine vielversprechende Lösung diskutiert. Die durch den elektroosmotischen Effekt hervorgerufene Wasserdiffusion hin zur positiv geladenen Kathode führt zu einer signifikanten Reduktion der Adhäsion zwischen Stahloberfläche und bindigem Boden. Dabei wird die Haftspannung tangential wie auch senkrecht zur Werkzeugoberfläche durch elektrische Ströme beeinflusst. Innerhalb dieser vorgestellten Arbeit wurde ein Rotationsscherversuch entwickelt, mit dem die elektroneninduzierte Veränderung der mechanischen Interaktion zwischen Boden und Stahloberfläche systematisch untersucht und quantifiziert wurde. KW - Elektroosmose (electroosmosis), Elektrokinetik (electrokinetics), Adhäsion (adhesion), Ton (clay), bindiger Boden (cohesive soil), Verklebung (clogging), Scherwiderstand (shear resistance) Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-83839 SN - ISBN 978-3-381-11811-3 SP - 145 EP - 155 PB - expert CY - Tübingen ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Ried, Michael A1 - Piechullek, Amelie A1 - Neidhart, Thomas ED - Marte, Roman ED - Tschuchnigg, Franz T1 - Elektrotechnik und Geotechnik in bodenphysikalischer Symbiose zur Beeinflussung der Wasserverhältnisse in bindigen Böden T2 - Beiträge zum 39. Christian Veder Kolloquium - Wasser in der Geotechnik: Herausforderungen und Lösungen N2 - Im Gegensatz zu nichtbindigen Böden sind die bodenphysikalischen und im Besonderen die bodenmechanischen Eigenschaften bindiger Böden direkt vom Wassergehalt in situ abhängig. Der Wassergehalt bestimmt die Konsistenz des Bodens, die Scherfestigkeit und damit auch die Mantelreibung geotechnischer Tiefbauwerke. Daneben wird das Setzungsverhalten von auf bindigen Böden gegründeten Bauwerken maßgeblich durch das Porenwasser bestimmt. Vor dem Hintergrund der wassergehaltsabhängigen Eigenschaften ist es regelmäßig von Interesse das Wasser im bindigen Boden zu beeinflussen. Durch die kleinen Kapillardurchmesser und die Oberflächenladung der Silikatschichten bindiger Böden ist es möglich über elektrische Felder auf das Porenwasser des Bodens effektiv einzuwirken. Bereits in der Mitte des 20. Jahrhunderts wurde versucht, durch elektrische Ströme Konsolidationsprozesse anzustoßen (Cassagrande, 1949). Darauf aufbauend stellte der Namensgeber dieses Kolloquiums Christian Veder in den 1970er Jahren mit seinem Kollegen Hilbert verschiedene Ansätze zu den an Hangrutschungen beteiligten elektrokinetischen Prozessen und deren Nutzbarmachung zur Stabilisierung vor. Durch die Elektroosmose in den Kapillaren bindiger Böden oder Böden mit bindigem Anteil führt das elektrische Gleichspannungsfeld zu einer Wassermigration von Anode zu Kathode. Der Wassergehalt an der Anode nimmt daher ab und an der Kathode nimmt er zu. So lässt sich die wassergehaltabhängige Konsistenz sowie die Scherfestigkeit des Bodens gezielt verändern (Veder & Hilbert, 1979). Durch die starke Abhängigkeit der Feinkornminerale von den zur Verfügung stehenden Ionen wird der Boden durch ein elektrisches Feld nicht nur in seiner Zustandsform beeinflusst, sondern auch in seiner Bodenphysik. Die hier vorzustellenden Untersuchungen sollten die Erkenntnisse vertiefen und das Anwendungsspektrum elektrischer Ströme im Boden erweitern. Der Fokus lag hierbei auf der elektrokinetischen Porenwassermanipulation und deren Einfluss auf die mechanische Interaktion (Haftreibung und Haftzugfestigkeit) zwischen bindigen Böden und Festkörperoberflächen. KW - Elektroosmose (electroosmosis) KW - Elektrokinetik (electrokinetics) KW - Konsolidation (consolidation) KW - Porenwasser (pore water) KW - Ionenhaushalt (ion household) Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-85452 SN - 978-3-903613-00-3 VL - Heft 21 PB - Nawi Graz Geocenter CY - Graz ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Klausmann, Leonard A1 - Rueckert, Tobias A1 - Rauber, David A1 - Maerkl, Raphaela A1 - Yildiran, Suemeyye R. A1 - Gutbrod, Max A1 - Palm, Christoph T1 - DIY challenge blueprint: from organization to technical realization in biomedical image analysis T2 - Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention - MICCAI 2025 ; Proceedings Part XI N2 - Biomedical image analysis challenges have become the de facto standard for publishing new datasets and benchmarking different state-of-the-art algorithms. Most challenges use commercial cloud-based platforms, which can limit custom options and involve disadvantages such as reduced data control and increased costs for extended functionalities. In contrast, Do-It-Yourself (DIY) approaches have the capability to emphasize reliability, compliance, and custom features, providing a solid basis for low-cost, custom designs in self-hosted systems. Our approach emphasizes cost efficiency, improved data sovereignty, and strong compliance with regulatory frameworks, such as the GDPR. This paper presents a blueprint for DIY biomedical imaging challenges, designed to provide institutions with greater autonomy over their challenge infrastructure. Our approach comprehensively addresses both organizational and technical dimensions, including key user roles, data management strategies, and secure, efficient workflows. Key technical contributions include a modular, containerized infrastructure based on Docker, integration of open-source identity management, and automated solution evaluation workflows. Practical deployment guidelines are provided to facilitate implementation and operational stability. The feasibility and adaptability of the proposed framework are demonstrated through the MICCAI 2024 PhaKIR challenge with multiple international teams submitting and validating their solutions through our self-hosted platform. This work can be used as a baseline for future self-hosted DIY implementations and our results encourage further studies in the area of biomedical image analysis challenges. KW - Biomedical challenges KW - Image analysis KW - Blueprint KW - Do-It-Yourself KW - Self-hosting Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-032-05141-7 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-05141-7_9 SP - 85 EP - 95 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Gerstner, Mathias A1 - Hackenberg, Rudolf T1 - Context-aware forecasting of mobile network quality for autonomous vehicle connectivity T2 - Vehicular analytics 2025 : the second conference on vehicular systems N2 - As autonomous driving becomes increasingly feasible, the German government has introduced a legal framework to enable the operation with Level 4 automated driving functionality. A key requirement is the maintenance of a continuous connection between such vehicles and a remote technical supervisor. If this link is lost, the vehicle must transition into a safe state by bringing itself to a controlled stop. To mitigate the risk of connection loss, accurate forecasting of mobile network availability along routes is essential. This paper presents an Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA) based on 38 measurement runs collected over ten months along a rural 64 km route in Germany. The dataset includes passive mobile network signal quality parameters, Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) position and precision data, as well as contextual features, such as speed, driving direction, day of the week, weather, and distance to the connected base station. Although mean values capture overall tendencies for areas with consistently good or poor coverage, they fail to capture the variability necessary for reliable prediction on a per-trip basis. Notably, some route segments show high variance in signal quality across different measurement runs. This variability is assumed to result from changing environmental influences, such as weather or traffic conditions at different times. Our analysis reveals weak but statistically relevant correlations between several contextual features (e.g., temperature ≈ -0.2) and network quality indicators. The inclusion of weather parameters or the day of the week has been shown to lower the Mean Absolute Error (MAE) compared to a prediction based only on measurements from the past. These findings underscore the importance of contextual information and localized modeling to predict network availability for safety-critical systems, such as autonomous vehicles. Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-86166 UR - https://www.thinkmind.org/library/VEHICULAR_ANALYTICS/VEHICULAR_ANALYTICS_2025/vehicular_analytics_2025_1_10_30005.html SN - 978-1-68558-320-0 PB - IARIA ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Bresinsky, Markus A1 - Brischar, Jule T1 - Between association and dissociation : the legitimacy politics of CIMIC experimentation N2 - NATO’s Concept Development and Experimentation (CD&E) works well for discrete technologies but is ill-suited to civil–military cooperation (CIMIC), where the ‘capability’ at stake is an interorganisational relationship. Drawing on regime-complex theory and organisational sociology, this paper argues that willingness to engage in joint CIMIC capability development hinges on legitimacy rather than technical utility. A legitimacy-scale metaphor captures the trade-off: functional gains from collaboration load one side; identity risks, such as threats to neutrality, autonomy, or safety, load the other. Three ideal-type cases test the framework. In stabilisation missions, humanitarian neutrality is vital, the scale tips toward identity risk, and co-creation remains siloed. In sudden-onset disasters, shared life-saving objectives reduce identity costs, functional incentives dominate, and integrated trials flourish. Territorial- and collective-defence scenarios occupy the middle ground: acute threat perception opens selective, often low-profile windows for cooperation, yet unresolved legal and reputational questions still temper overt collaboration. The analysis yields five practical lessons. First, legitimacy must be treated as a primary design variable. Second, the optimal depth of cooperation is context specific. Third, legitimacy-sensitive ‘safe-to-fail’ spaces – wargames, living labs, tabletop exercises – lower entry barriers. Fourth, structured reflection on legitimacy exposes red lines early and refines future joint efforts. Fifth, incremental processes can build trust and gradually relax legitimacy constraints. Recognising legitimacy as both constraint and resource allows practitioners to design CIMIC co-creation – and eventual experimentation – that is technically sound, politically acceptable, and ethically sustainable. KW - CIMIC KW - NATO KW - Legitimacy KW - Co-creation KW - Experimentation KW - Dissociation Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-85627 UR - https://www.cimic-coe.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/acaCIMICs_publication.pdf PB - CCOE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Baranowski, Kamil A1 - Zychla, Michał A1 - Krysztof, Michał A1 - Żółtowski, Michał A1 - Hausladen, Matthias A1 - Schreiner, Rupert A1 - Knápek, Aleksandr T1 - Experimenal method for studying electron beams in gaseous environments using a CMOS image sensor T2 - 38th International Vacuum Nanoelectronics Conference (IVNC) N2 - Detecting and analyzing electron beams in atmospheric conditions remains a significant challenge due to scattering and absorption of electrons by gas molecules. In this work, a novel approach using a CMOS image sensor for real-time electron beam detection after its transmission through air is presented. The setup enables visualization of beam divergence, emission profiles, and dynamic behavior under atmospheric pressure. Presented results demonstrate the potential of CMOS image sensor for electron beam analysis in gaseous environment. Y1 - 2025 SN - 979-8-3315-3705-0 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/IVNC65669.2025.11120851 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Allaham, Mohammad M. A1 - Burda, Daniel A1 - Knápek, Alexandr A1 - Krysztof, Michał A1 - Baranowski, Kamil A1 - Hausladen, Matthias A1 - Schreiner, Rupert T1 - Testing the performance of tungsten-graphite cathodes as MEMS Electron microscope electron source T2 - 38th International Vacuum Nanoelectronics Conference (IVNC) N2 - This work presents preliminary results of the performance testing of exfoliated graphene layers deposited on the nanotip of a tungsten field emission cathode. The obtained tungsten-graphite cathodes were then operated in a 3D-printed MEMS electron microscope testing model for later applications. The results were promising, where a maximum emission current of 50.2 μA was obtained with an extraction voltage of 1 kV and anode voltage of 3 kV. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/IVNC65669.2025.11121041 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Asgharzade, Ali A1 - Bartl, Mathias A1 - Hausladen, Matthias A1 - Chen, Yang A1 - Buchner, Philipp A1 - Edler, Simon A1 - Bachmann, Michael A1 - She, Juncong A1 - Schreiner, Rupert T1 - Investigation on the influence of internal voltage drops on the emission behavior of silicon field emission arrays using CMOS image sensor T2 - 38th International Vacuum Nanoelectronics Conference (IVNC) N2 - In this paper we report on an improved measurement and analysis method for determining the emission current distribution of field emitter arrays with CMOS sensors. It can also be used for field emission arrays where not all surfaces of the emitters are at the same electrical potential (e.g. for p-doped Si tips, where a strong current saturation occurs). To demonstrate the functionality of this method, a n-doped field emission array was measured using a variable external series resistance. Brightness variations in emission spots were analyzed to re-calculate the known series resistances for comparison. The re-calculated value is in good agreement with the actual value of the resistance. This method offers a quantitative approach to assess internal voltage drop effects on field emission using optical readout KW - field emission imaging KW - field emission KW - CMOS sensor Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/IVNC65669.2025.11120937 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Eiler, Julian A1 - Berndt, Dominik A1 - Schreiner, Rupert T1 - Miniaturisierter Wasserstoffsensor basierend auf der 3-Omega Methode T2 - Tagungsband zum 4. Symposium Elektronik und Systemintegration ESI: 17. April 2024, Hochschule Landshut N2 - Die Arbeit stellt einen thermischen Wasserstoffsensor auf Siliziumbasis vor, der mit der 3-Omega Messmethode betrieben wird. Durch das dynamische Messverfahren, die große Sensoroberfläche bei gleichzeitig geringer thermischer Masse und der Materialkombination wird eine Auflösungsgrenze von 55 ppm Wasserstoff in Stickstoff erreicht. Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:860-opus4-4205 SN - 978-3-9818439-9-6 SP - 38 EP - 45 PB - Hochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften Landshut CY - Landshut ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Buchner, Philipp A1 - Hausladen, Matthias A1 - Bartl, Mathias A1 - Schreiner, Rupert T1 - Elektronenquellen basierend auf Feldemission aus Silizium T2 - Tagungsband zum 4. Symposium Elektronik und Systemintegration ESI: 17. April 2024, Hochschule Landshut N2 - Der Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über zwei typische Bauformen für Elektronenquellen auf der Basis von Feldemission aus Silizium. Des Weiteren wird eine typische Trioden-Beschaltung solcher Elektronenquellen für hohe Elektronentransmission vorgestellt und dabei auf ihre Leistungsfähigkeit eingegangen. Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:860-opus4-4212 SN - 978-3-9818439-9-6 SP - 46 EP - 53 PB - Hochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften Landshut CY - Landshut ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Galka, Stefan A1 - Weigert, Alexander T1 - Petri Net Structures for Automated Model Generation through Process Descriptions T2 - IFAC Papers OnLine N2 - Creating simulation models and running experiments requires expertise and significant effort. Modelling complex production systems by using Petri Nets, which have a simple formalism, leads to considerable modelling effort. To reduce the workload required, fundamental processes within a production system must be analyzed and represented as generic Petri Net structures to enable their automatic generation. These structures can serve as modular building blocks to construct arbitrarily complex systems. The broader objective is to enable the automatic generation of such, based on process descriptions within a simulation framework. Built on these findings, the necessary information for developing a specialized formal process description is derived, enabling the automated generation of Petri Net simulation models for production systems. KW - Digital Twin, Simulation, Logistics Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2025.09.093 VL - 59 IS - 10 SP - 542 EP - 547 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Galka, Stefan T1 - Integration and usage of simulation-based digital twins in internal logistics systems T2 - IFAC Papers OnLine N2 - This paper presents the workflows of Digital Twins in practice, with reference to three case studies. The objective is to present the processing of data and information flow. The most essential requirements for the design of a Digital Twin are synthesized from the case studies and a layer model is presented, which was developed based on the three case studies. The model consists of four functional layers and an overarching data- and workflow-management-backbone. A front-end layer is proposed for communication with the end user. KW - Digital Twin, Simulation, Logistics Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2025.09.152 VL - 59 IS - 10 SP - 897 EP - 902 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Galka, Stefan A1 - Meißner, Sebastian ED - Schmidt, Thorsten ED - Rank, Sebastian ED - Kühn, Mathias T1 - Einsatz von Digitalen Zwillingen für die operative Steuerung von innerbetrieblichen Transportsystemen T2 - Simulation in Produktion und Logistik 2025 N2 - This paper presents the architecture and functionality of a simulation-based Digital Twin designed to support decision-making in the control of internal transport systems. The developed Digital Twin leverages a wide range of data from operational information systems to predict future system loads. Specific methods for forecasting transport orders have been developed. An integrated simulation framework enables analysis of potential control decisions, such as resource allocation or the timing of order releases. The simulation results are used for multi-criteria evaluation of the available options for preventive action, thus, providing users with concrete recommendations to support their operational decision-making processes. KW - Digital Twin, Simulation, Logistics Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-86780-806-4 U6 - https://doi.org/10.25368/2025.280 SP - 47-1 EP - 47-11 PB - Technische Universität Dresden, Professur für Technische Logistik CY - Dresden ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Galka, Stefan A1 - Weigert, Alexander ED - Schmidt, Thorsten ED - Kühn, Mathias ED - Rank, Sebastian T1 - Systematik zur planungsbegleitenden Simulation bei der Konzeptplanung von Produktionssystemen – ein Anwendungsfall aus der Elektrolysestack-Produktion T2 - Simulation in Produktion und Logistik 2025 N2 - Simulation can support early-stage production system planning by enabling efficient evaluation of concept variants. However, detailed models are often impractical in concept phases due to limited data and high modelling effort. This paper presents a structured three-stage simulation approach for supporting the concept planning of water electrolyzer stack production systems . The approach leverages automatic model generation from formal process descriptions and gradually increases model detail across stages, carried out through a custom-developed simulation framework. This enables early validation of the throughput capability, resource planning, and the analysis of stochastically occurring technical malfunction. The method aims to reduce planning time while improving decision quality. KW - Produktion, Simulation, Petri-Netz Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-86780-806-4 U6 - https://doi.org/10.25368/2025.278 SP - 45-1 EP - 45-10 PB - Technische Universität Dresden, Professur für Technische Logistik CY - Dresden ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Ried, Michael A1 - Piechullek, Amelie A1 - Neidhart, Thomas T1 - Elektrotechnik und Geotechnik in bodenphysikalischer Symbiose zur Beeinflussung der Wasserverhältnisse in bindigen Böden T2 - Tagungsband Fachsektionstage Geotechnik N2 - Die bodenphysikalischen Eigenschaften bindiger Böden hängen direkt von dem Wassergehalt ab. Daher ist es regelmäßig von Interesse Einfluss auf die Wasserverhältnisse in bindigen Böden zu nehmen. Durch elektrokinetische Prozesse in den Kapillarporen kann der Wasserhaushalt des Bodens verändert werden. Durch neu entwickelte Laborversuche und deren Ergebnisse sollen die Anwendungsmöglichkeiten elektrokinetischer Verfahren in bindigen Böden aufgezeigt werden. So konnte gezeigt werden, dass sich die Konsolidationszeit durch eine starke Zunahme der Strö-mungsgeschwindigkeit in einem elektrischen Gleichspannungsfeld beschleunigen lässt. Es wurde zudem untersucht, wie sich der Wassergehalt und die damit verbundene Konsistenz eines Modell-bodens an Kathode und Anode verändert. KW - Elektroosmose (electroosmosis) Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-946039-13-6 SP - 369 EP - 374 CY - Essen ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Höng, Simon K. A1 - Wiederer, Jonas A1 - Eder, Friedrich A1 - Obergriesser, Mathias A1 - Linner, Thomas T1 - Towards AI-enhanced facade planning : integrating human expertise with machine learning-driven parametric modeling T2 - EC³ & CIB W78 : 2025 European Conference on Computing in Construction & 42nd CIB W78 IT in Construction Conference N2 - Planning modern facade systems is complex, requiring optimization across multiple domains.This paper proposes an AI-enhanced workflow for facade planning, harnessing computer vision and human input via a Large Language Model.A generative AI system then guides a parametric model to produce 3D facade designs. Automated checks provide feedback to a Reinforcement Learning system, to iteratively determine optimal solutions.These solutions are verified and finalized by human expertise, ensuring improved outcomes with reduce planning time and effort.The approach illustrates how combining advanced AI methods with human expertise can address the multifactorial challenges of facade design within current industry practices. Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-84862 SN - 978-9-083451-31-2 SN - 2684-1150 VL - 6 SP - 192 EP - 199 PB - European Council for Computing in Construction ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Westner, Markus A1 - Preiss, Niklas T1 - Unraveling jingle-jangle fallacies in digital assistant technologies : a comprehensive systematic review and research agenda T2 - Proceedings of tenth international congress on information and communication technology : ICICT 2025, London, Volume 9 N2 - Digital assistant technologies (DATs) such as chatbots, virtual assistants, and intelligent agents have gained widespread attention, yet inconsistent terminology remains a critical challenge. The fragmented nature of previous research has led to significant confusion due to overlapping and interchangeable use of terms across industries. This systematic literature review, following the PRISMA protocol, consolidates the current state of knowledge on DATs and addresses the prevalent jingle-jangle fallacies in their terminology. Analysis of 137 articles identified keycharacteristics, applications, and conceptual overlaps of various DATs, uncovering 39 distinct technologies categorized under three overarching concepts: assistants, chatbots, and agents. Despite shared functionalities, terminological inconsistencies persist across different sectors, presenting challenges for both academic research and practical implementation. This review emphasizes the need for standardized terminology and clearer classification frameworks to facilitate broader DAT adoption across organizational contexts. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-6438-2_15 SP - 199 EP - 227 PB - Springer ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Stocker, Philipp A1 - Lehrer, Tobias A1 - Duddeck, Fabian A1 - Wagner, Marcus T1 - Face-wise prediction of sheet-metal drawability using graph neural networks T2 - Journal of Physics: Conference Series N2 - The early design phase of deep-drawn structural components involves time-consuming iterative development. Traditional drawability assessments rely on finite element simulations, which are computationally expensive and slow the design process. Alternative machine learning (ML) approaches show promise in accelerating this process but face challenges with existing methods. Existing low-dimensional ML models only provide global predictions without identifying specific geometric regions prone to failure. High-dimensional models provide local predictions but require significant amounts of training data. We propose a data-driven approach leveraging graph neural networks (GNNs) for face-wise drawability prediction of sheet metal components in their computer-aided design (CAD) representation. Our method aims to bridge the gap between the computational efficiency of ML and the spatial resolution of simulation by providing face-wise insight into potential failure regions. This study utilises a dataset of parametric U-channel geometries with variability in both geometry and topology. Ground-truth labels are generated using inverse analysis simulations. Geometric entities are represented through the use of UV parameterisations, whereby 3D surfaces are mapped into 2D space to facilitate geometric encoding. Concurrently, the topological relationships are captured using a face adjacency graph. To address data scarcity, we evaluate how different amounts of training data affect model performance and perform ablation studies to analyse the impact of different CAD representation features. Our results show that the proposed approach achieves high accuracy even with limited training data. In addition, the ablation studies provide insights into the most critical CAD features, guiding future research. These results highlight the potential of our GNN to predict face-wise drawability in the early design phase. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/3104/1/012053 SN - 1742-6588 N1 - Corresponding author der OTH Regensburg: Philipp Stocker VL - 3104 IS - 1 PB - IOP Publishing ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schwägerl, Felix A1 - Buchmann, Thomas A1 - Westfechtel, Bernhard T1 - Multi-variant model transformations - a problem statement T2 - Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Evaluation of Novel Software Approaches to Software Engineering N2 - Model Transformations are a key element of Model-Driven Software Engineering. As soon as variability is involved, transformations become increasingly complicated. The lack of support for variability in model transformations impairs the acceptance of approaches to organized reuse such as software product lines. In this position paper, the general problem of multi-variant model transformations is formulated for MOF-based, XMI-serialized models. A simplistic case study is presented to specify the input and the expected output of such a transformation. Furthermore, requirements for tool support are defined, including a standardized representation of both multi-variant model instances and variability information, as well as an execution specification for multi-variant transformations. A literature review reveals that the problem is weakly identified and often solved using ad-hoc solutions; there exists no tool providing a general solution to the proposed problem statement. The observation s presented here may serve for the future development of standards and tools. KW - Model-Driven Software Engineering KW - Software Product Lines KW - Model Transformations KW - Code Generation Y1 - 2016 SN - 978-989-758-189-2 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5220/0005878702030209 SN - 2184-4895 SP - 203 EP - 209 PB - SCITEPRESS ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Bauer, Patrick A1 - Frikel, Jürgen T1 - BPConvNet: a deep learning based ρ-Filtered layergram reconstruction method for computed tomography T2 - AIP Conference Proceedings N2 - In this article, we address the reconstruction problem in computed tomography (CT) when dealing with sparse view data. Traditional approaches like filtered backprojection (FBP) often fail under these conditions, leading to streaking artifacts. We propose BPConvNet, a deep learning based version of the ρ-filtered layergram or backprojection filtration (BPF) technique (cf. [1]). Unlike FBP, the BPF method applies filtering (F) after backprojection (BP), hence the name. The proposed BPConvNet adapts the BPF workflow by substituting the filtering step with a residual convolutional neural network. Our numerical experiments demonstrate that BPConvNet is competitive to similar deep learning methods. Moreover, we explain that BPConvNet can be easily adapted to to different CT acquisition geometries, such as fan beam and 3D configurations KW - Convolutional neural network KW - Deep learning KW - Learning and learning models KW - Computed tomography Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0286063 SN - 0094-243X VL - 3315 IS - 1 PB - AIP Publishing ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Shahab, Muhammad A1 - Ullah, Abdul Wahab Usman A1 - Shehzad, Muhammad A1 - Shah, Syed Bilal A1 - Joyo, M. Kamran A1 - Khan, Sheroz T1 - Optimal distributed generation placement in radial distribution system using particle swarm optimization T2 - 2024 IEEE 9th International Conference on Engineering Technologies and Applied Sciences (ICETAS) N2 - This paper addresses losses of power in Radial Distribution Systems (RDS), which significantly affect voltage levels and operational costs. The main aim is to optimize the positioning and size of Distributed Generation (DG) units, including Photovoltaic (PV) cells, and Wind Turbines (WT), to analyze the effect of DG placement in reducing the losses in power and enhancing the voltage profiles in radial distribution system (IEEE 33 bus system). This research employs Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), a robust algorithm well-suited for tackling non-linear optimization issues in order to identify the appropriate placement and size for DG units. A number of scenarios with varying numbers of DG units are simulated, indicating significant reductions in active as well as reactive power losses. Likewise, the consistency and reliability requirements of modern distribution systems are improved as the voltage profile is improved. The key findings demonstrate that optimal DG integration enhances system efficiency, contributes to operational cost savings, and improves grid stability. PSO was chosen for its ability to effectively balance computational effort while achieving high accuracy in minimizing the losses associated with power and enhancing voltage profiles. In contrast to traditional optimization techniques, PSO offers superior accuracy and efficiency in addressing the challenges of non-linear optimization in RDS. KW - Radial Distribution System (RDS) KW - Distributed Generation (DG) KW - Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) KW - Voltage Profile KW - Power Losses Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/ICETAS62372.2024.11120307 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Fuhrmann, Thomas A1 - Niemetz, Michael T1 - Fostering democratic attitude within engineering education T2 - 11th International Conference on Higher Education Advances (HEAd’25) N2 - According to the education ideal advocated by Wilhelm von Humboldt, education should be a holistic process to develop the whole human being and should not be narrowed toward job training. For example, in democratic societies, education should be directed to fostering a democratic mindset of students to strengthen pluralistic democracy. It is always possible to introduce a general course into a study program that deals with democratic education from a theoretical point of view. But by introducing such a course, the time spent on technical subjects will be reduced. The other major disadvantage of such solutions is that democratic education is seen to be separated from technical education. But in the contrary, democracy should be included in the whole life as a general way of thinking and cooperation between individuals. Therefore, ideas and lecture experiences are presented in this article on how democratic education can be integrated into all engineering subjects as an elementary educational design concept. Students should be led toward a general democratic attitude by practical application. To achieve this, democratic learning environments can be established in all types of courses like lectures, seminars, and labs. This includes, for example, the design of exercises, the presentation of the theoretical content, and the interaction between professors and students as well as the interaction between the students themselves as induced by the teaching activities. Also in exams, elements to promote democratic thinking are possible: Exams should be not directed to learning only content but toward understanding, creativity, and problem-solving competence. They should include, where possible, the fact that correct technical solutions are not unique but that a multiverse of solutions exists, with each solution featuring various strengths and weaknesses. This not only sensitizes the students for the need for (e.g. socially or environmentally) responsible technical design choices but also allows them to find optimized solutions for the engineering challenges at hand. In sum, lecturers should be aware that a democratic learning environment is a demanding process, as students must be taken as serious partners in a joint learning process and surprises are to be expected. KW - Engineering Education KW - Democratic Education Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4995/HEAd25.2025.20093 SP - 879 EP - 886 PB - Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València (edUPV) CY - Valencia ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Bartl, Mathias A1 - Hausladen, Matthias A1 - Asgharzade, Ali A1 - Buchner, Philipp A1 - Krysztof, Michal A1 - Knápek, Alexandr A1 - Bachmann, Michael A1 - Schreiner, Rupert T1 - Experimental method for investigation of the emission pattern characteristics of individual field emission tips using a CMOS image sensor T2 - 38th International Vacuum Nanoelectronics Conference (IVNC) N2 - The emission pattern characteristics of individual silicon field emission tips were investigated using a CMOS image sensor. The quality of the image was improved by spatial and temporal averaging, so that individual emission centers could be identified and their temporal changes investigated. By mapping the emission current onto the image, the distribution of the current density on the image sensor could be calculated. KW - CMOS image sensors KW - Silicon KW - Current density KW - Nanoelectronics Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/IVNC65669.2025.11121040 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Graf, Julian A1 - Hachani, Murad A1 - Fischer, Sebastian A1 - Hackenberg, Rudolf T1 - A heuristic packet processing model for improved encrypted network analysis T2 - CSCS '25: Proceedings of the 2nd Cyber Security in CarS Workshop N2 - Modern networked systems, such as those in the automotive sector, face increasing complexity and growing attack surfaces due to the rise of interconnected and data-driven technologies. Detecting malicious behavior in these environments requires efficient and scalable methods that can operate reliably despite limited resources and high communication volumes. This paper proposes a heuristic packet processing model designed to support intrusion detection based on structural and temporal characteristics of encrypted network traffic. The model follows a modular architecture consisting of four key phases: recording, sorting, prioritizing, and analyzing. At the core of the approach is the Polymetric Queueing Topology Space, a feature space that combines statistical and time series attributes derived from model structure and flow data. These features serve as input for machine learning models, which can effectively distinguish between benign and intrusion traffic patterns without relying on packet data beyond the transport layer. The approach was evaluated using the publicly available ToN_IoT dataset and demonstrated that reliable classification is achievable using a subset of the developed feature space that contains model-derived traffic features. We used Random Forest for supervised binary and multi-class classification achieving high accuracy scores of 99% for binary and 98% for multi-class classification. Additionally, for unsupervised anomaly detection, we created an Isolation Forest model accomplishing F1-scores of 0.92 for the benign and 0.96 for intrusion class. The architecture is designed to enable dynamic traffic prioritization and to offer a flexible foundation that can observe diverse network domains while maintaining efficient performance under constrained computational conditions. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1145/3736130.3764510 PB - ACM CY - New York, USA ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Chow, Rosan A1 - Dörrenbächer, Judith A1 - Poikolainen Rosén, Anton A1 - Yoo, Daisy A1 - Eriksson, Eva A1 - Hassenzahl, Marc T1 - Paradoxes, tensions and challenges in decentering the human : re-examining concepts, practices, methods and artifacts in More-Than-Human-Design T2 - DIS'25 Companion Proceedings of the 2025 ACM Designing Interactive Systems Conference : designing for a sustainable ocean N2 - In recent years, More-Than-Human-Design (MTHD) has gained traction in HCI, as exemplified by a growing body of workshops and publications. As this nascent field progresses, unresolved conceptual and practical methodological challenges continue to surface. It is time for MTHD researchers to critically revisit underlying assumptions, concepts and processes that shape their work. This one-day workshop invites the DIS community to engage in two key areas: a critical discussion on anthropocentrism, a core yet multifaceted concept in MTHD, and the presentation of practical work that either reveals paradoxes within MTHD – concerning how to decenter humans and how to engage with more-than-human actors – or explores constructive ways to navigate these paradoxes. Through mapping and discussing the challenges, we aim to identify patterns and shared concerns. The workshop will culminate in an open-ended Archive of Tensions, accessible via the workshop website, serving as a collective resource for ongoing reflection and inquiry. Furthermore, the Archive will be presented in an online event and the results will be published as an article. KW - More-Than-Human KW - Anthropocentrism KW - Paradoxes KW - Decenter human KW - Human Computer Interaction Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-84871 SN - 9798400714863 SP - 23 EP - 25 PB - ACM CY - New York, USA ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Gersch, Sebastian A1 - Schulz, Carsten A1 - Bagdahn, Jörg T1 - Impact of hatching strategy on mechanical properties and residual stresses in additively manufactured AlSi10Mg components T2 - TMS 2025 154th annual meeting & exhibition supplemental proceedings N2 - This study examines the impact of different hatching strategies on the mechanical and technological properties, as well as the manufacturing-induced residual stresses of additively manufactured AlSi10Mg components produced using Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF). For the sample production, parallel and orthogonal hatching patterns were employed at various rotation angles, leading to differences in the mechanical properties of the components. The parallel structure exhibits significantly higher compressive residual stresses in the near-surface areas of the component, up to 33% greater than those observed in the orthogonal structure. These compressive residual stresses could counteract operational tensile stresses, potentially enhancing the load-bearing capacity of the component. The findings of this study provide insights into the targeted use of hatching strategies to optimize the mechanical properties and lifespan of components. Future works should focus on experimentally validating the simulation results using the core hole method to further improve the correlation between numerical models and actual stress distributions. Y1 - 2025 SN - 9783031807473 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-80748-0_15 SN - 2367-1181 SP - 170 EP - 181 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Herrmann, David A1 - Kunze, Julian A1 - Kobes, Julian A1 - Seelecke, Stefan A1 - Motzki, Paul A1 - Rizzello, Gianluca A1 - Böhm, Valter T1 - A mobile tensegrity robot driven by rolled dielectric elastomer actuators T2 - 2025 IEEE 8th International Conference on Soft Robotics (RoboSoft), 22-26.April 2025, Lausanne N2 - This paper presents a tensegrity-based mobile robot powered by dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs), which provide high compliance and adaptability. The design consists of two V-shaped members linked by DEAs, enabling both symmetrical and asymmetrical actuation for varied movement patterns. Modal analysis and simulations show that uniform DEA actuation supports efficient linear motion, while asymmetrical actuation enables controlled circular paths. Experimental testing highlights the influence of voltage waveforms, frequencies, and surface types on speed, with optimal performance achieved using rectangular waveforms on low-friction surfaces. The robot reaches a top speed of 188 mm/s, among the highest reported for DEA-driven robots. KW - Vibrations KW - Surface waves KW - Modal analysis KW - Resonant frequency KW - Soft robotics KW - Mobile robots KW - Rubber KW - Transient analysis KW - Dielectric elastomer actuators KW - Testing Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/RoboSoft63089.2025.11020974 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Buchmann, Thomas A1 - Schwägerl, Felix T1 - Ensuring well-formedness of configured domain models in model-driven product lines based on negative variability T2 - FOSD '12: Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Feature-Oriented Software Development, 24. + 25. September 2012, Dresden N2 - Model-driven development is a well-known practice in modern software engineering. Many tools exist which allow developers to build software in a model-based or even model-driven way, but they do not provide dedicated support for software product line development. Only recently some approaches combined model-driven engineering and software product line engineering. In this paper we present an approach that allows for combining feature models and Ecore-based domain models and provides extensive support to keep the mapping between the involved models consistent. Our key contribution is a declarative textual language which allows to phrase domain-specific consistency constraints which are preserved during the configuration process in order to ensure context-sensitive syntactical correctness of derived domain models. Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1145/2377816.2377822 SP - 37 EP - 44 PB - ACM Press CY - New York, USA ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Gutbrod, Max A1 - Rauber, David A1 - Weber Nunes, Danilo A1 - Palm, Christoph T1 - OpenMIBOOD: Open Medical Imaging Benchmarks for Out-Of-Distribution Detection T2 - 2025 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), 10.-17. June 2025, Nashville N2 - The growing reliance on Artificial Intelligence (AI) in critical domains such as healthcare demands robust mechanisms to ensure the trustworthiness of these systems, especially when faced with unexpected or anomalous inputs. This paper introduces the Open Medical Imaging Benchmarks for Out-Of-Distribution Detection (OpenMIBOOD), a comprehensive framework for evaluating out-of-distribution (OOD) detection methods specifically in medical imaging contexts. OpenMIBOOD includes three benchmarks from diverse medical domains, encompassing 14 datasets divided into covariate-shifted in-distribution, nearOOD, and far-OOD categories. We evaluate 24 post-hoc methods across these benchmarks, providing a standardized reference to advance the development and fair comparison of OODdetection methods. Results reveal that findings from broad-scale OOD benchmarks in natural image domains do not translate to medical applications, underscoring the critical need for such benchmarks in the medical field. By mitigating the risk of exposing AI models to inputs outside their training distribution, OpenMIBOOD aims to support the advancement of reliable and trustworthy AI systems in healthcare. The repository is available at https://github.com/remic-othr/OpenMIBOOD. KW - Benchmark testing KW - Reliability KW - Trustworthiness KW - out-of-distribution Y1 - 2025 UR - https://openaccess.thecvf.com/content/CVPR2025/html/Gutbrod_OpenMIBOOD_Open_Medical_Imaging_Benchmarks_for_Out-Of-Distribution_Detection_CVPR_2025_paper.html SN - 979-8-3315-4364-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/CVPR52734.2025.02410 N1 - Die Preprint-Version ist ebenfalls in diesem Repositorium verzeichnet unter: https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-oth-regensburg/8059 SP - 25874 EP - 25886 PB - IEEE ER -