TY - JOUR A1 - Heberl, Michael A1 - Withelm, Christian A1 - Kaul, Anja A1 - Rank, Daniel A1 - Sterner, Michael T1 - Prospective Life Cycle Assessment of Biological Methanation in a Trickle-Bed Pilot Plant and a Potential Scale-Up JF - Energies N2 - The fluctuating nature of renewable energies results in the need for sustainable storage technologies to defossilize the energy system without other negative consequences for humans and the environment. In this study, a pilot-scale trickle-bed reactor for biological methanation and various scale-up scenarios for 2024 and 2050 were investigated using life cycle assessment. A best- and worst-case scenario for technology development until 2050 was evolved using cross-consistency analysis and a morphological field, based on which the data for the ecological models were determined. The results show that the plant scale-up has a very positive effect on the ecological consequences of methanation. In the best-case scenario, the values are a factor of 23–780 lower than those of the actual plant today. A hot-spot analysis showed that electrolysis operation has an especially large impact on total emissions. The final Monte Carlo simulation shows that the technology is likely to achieve a low global warming potential with a median of 104.0 kg CO2-eq/MWh CH4 and thus can contribute to decarbonization. KW - Ökobilanzierung KW - Power-to-Gas KW - Elektrolyse KW - Methanisierung KW - erneuerbare Energien Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/en17092206 SN - 1996-1073 VL - 17 IS - 9 PB - MDPI AG CY - Basel ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Gärtner, Sebastian A1 - Rank, Daniel A1 - Heberl, Michael A1 - Gaderer, Matthias A1 - Sterner, Michael T1 - Integration of Power-To-Methane into Glass Melting Processes T2 - Proceedings of the International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES 2022) N2 - The glass industry is facing increased challenges regarding climate protection targets and rising energy costs. The integration of renewable energy including conversion and storage is a key for both challenges in this energy-intensive industrial sector, which has been mainly relying on fossil gas so far. The options considered to this point for reducing CO2 emissions and switching to a renewable energy supply involve far-reaching changes of the established melting processes. This entails significant risks in terms of influences on glass quality and stable production volumes. The presented approach for the integration of a Power-to-Methane (PtM) system into the glass industry is a completely new concept and has not been considered in detail before. It allows the use of established oxyfuel melting processes, the integration of fluctuating renewable energy sources and a simultaneous reduction of CO2 emissions by more than 78%. At the same time, natural gas purchases become obsolete. A techno-economic evaluation of the complete PtM process shows, that 1,76 €/m3 or 1,26 €/kg synthetic natural gas are possible with renewable energy supply. Using electricity from the energy grid would require electricity prices < 0,126 €/kWh to allow cost competitive PtM processes in the glass industry. Such electricity prices could be achieved by electricity market-based optimization and operation of the PtM system. This operation strategy would require AI-based algorithms predicting availabilities and prices on future-based markets. KW - Power-to-Gas KW - Methanation KW - Glass Melting KW - Glass Industry KW - Decarbonisation Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-156-2_12 SN - 2589-4943 VL - 16 SP - 147 EP - 161 PB - Atlantis Press ER - TY - INPR A1 - Gärtner, Sebastian A1 - Marx-Schubach, Thomas A1 - Gaderer, Matthias A1 - Schmitz, Gerhard A1 - Sterner, Michael T1 - Introduction of an Innovative Energy Concept for low Emission Glass Melting based on Carbon Capture and Usage N2 - Due to the very high fossil energy demand, the glass industry is looking for innovative approaches for the reduction of CO2 emissions and the integration of renewable energy sources. In this paper, we present a novel power-to-gas concept, which has no impact on established melting processes and discuss it for this purpose. A special focus is set on the required CO2 capture from typical flue gases in the glass industry, as this process has not been investigated in detail yet. We used a process simulation approach to investigate post-combustion CO2 capture by absorption processes, followed by a techno-economic evaluation. Our investigations found the designed CO2 capture plant to be approx. 400 times smaller than absorption based CO2 separation processes for conventional power plants. Due to the many options for waste heat utilization, the waste heat required for CO2 desorption can be generated in a particularly efficient and cost-effective way. The resulting CO2 avoidance costs range between 41-42 €/t CO2, depending on waste heat utilization for desorption, and thus offer a cost effective way of CO2 removal from glass industry melting processes. These costs are well below the values of 50-65 €/t CO2 described so far for comparable industrial applications. In addition, we describe optimization options, like solvent and process improvements, to enable further cost reductions. These results motivate further research and development on the overall process presented in this work. KW - glass KW - Oxyfuel KW - Methanation KW - Power-to-Gas KW - CO2 capture KW - Economic Analysis Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.31224/2642 ER - TY - BOOK ED - Sterner, Michael ED - Stadler, Ingo T1 - Energiespeicher - Bedarf, Technologien, Integration N2 - Im Kontext der Energiewende sind Energiespeicher ein zentrales technisches, wirtschaftliches und energiepolitisches Thema.Die Autoren dieses kompakten Werkes geben einen umfassenden Uberblick Uber die verschiedenen Aspekte der Energiespeicherung. Sie beschreiben zunachst die Bedeutung von Energiespeichern in der Energieversorgung und definieren ihre Rolle darin. Dann gehen sie auf den Speicherbedarf in der Strom-, Warme- und Kraftstoffversorgung im Kontext der Energiewende ein. Im Hauptteil werden die verschiedenen Speichertechnologien ausfUhrlich vorgestellt sowie ihre Vor- und Nachteile diskutiert. Praktische Anwendungsbeispiele und die Integration von Speichern Uber alle Energiesektoren hinweg runden das Buch ab. Zahlreiche Grafiken und Beispiele veranschaulichen das gesamte Feld der Energiespeicher und sind als Erganzung samt Animationen online in Farbe verfUgbar.Die ZielgruppenDas Lehr- und Fachbuch wendet sich an Ingenieure, Wissenschaftler, Energieplaner und Energiewirtschaftler in Forschung und Industrie sowie an Studierende an Hochschulen und Universitaten in den Bereichen Maschinenbau, Verfahrenstechnik, Elektrotechnik und Energietechnik. KW - Energiespeicher KW - Energietechnik KW - Power-to-Gas KW - Speicherbedarf KW - Speicherintegration KW - Speichermarkt KW - Speichertechnologien KW - Systemintegration Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-3-642-37379-4 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-37380-0 PB - Springer CY - Berlin, Heidelberg ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Thema, Martin A1 - Kaul, Anja A1 - Sterner, Michael A1 - Heberl, Michael T1 - Optimierung eines Rieselbett-Bioreaktors für die dynamische mikrobielle Biosynthese von Methan mit Archaeen-Mikroorganismen in Power-to-Gas-Anlagen N2 - Das übergeordnete Ziel des Vorhabens war die Entwicklung neuer technologischer Möglichkeiten für den biologischen Methanisierungsprozess mit Archaeen1 in Power-to-Gas-Anwendungen. Im Gegensatz zur technisch ausgereiften chemisch-katalytischen Methanisierung sind hier noch Potenziale zur Optimierung verfahrenstechnischer und biologischer Prozesse für das Speicherkonzept Power-to-Gas [7] vorhanden. Dabei sollte zum einen ein Rieselbett-Bioreaktor optimiert, simuliert und für die Hochskalierung vorbereitet werden. Zum anderen sollte eine Kombination optimal geeigneter Mikroorganismen und Packungsmaterialien selektiert und deren Verhalten und Eignung im Reaktor analysiert werden. Das Verhalten des entwickelten Systems sollte zunächst im Labor- und Technikumsmaßstab und anschließend im Feldtest an einer bestehenden Power-to-Gas-Anlage untersucht werden. Hauptziel während des Feldtests war die Produktion von einspeisefähigem Methan sowie dessen Einspeisung ins Gasnetz. Ein Hauptziel des Projektes war es, die Normung und Standardisierung notwendiger Systemparameter und Semantik zur Beschreibung und Einbindung biologischer Methanisierungseinheiten in Power-to-Gas-Anlagen voranzutreiben. Dies sollte zum einen die Vergleichbarkeit der wissenschaftlichen Erkenntnisse verbessern und zum anderen unterstützend bei der Kommerzialisierung der Technologie wirken. Aus dem Projekt heraus wurde so die neue Normungsreihe VDI 4635 Power-to-X beim Verein Deutscher Ingenieure angestoßen. KW - Biologische Methanisierung KW - Power-to-Gas KW - Erneuerbare Energien KW - Rieselbett-Bioreaktor KW - Archaeen Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2314/KXP:1815321555 ER - TY - GEN ED - Sterner, Michael ED - Stadler, Ingo T1 - Handbook of Energy Storage BT - Demand, Technologies, Integration N2 - There are several approaches to classifying energy storage systems (see Chaps. 1 and 2). Storage systems are used in a large number of different technologies at various stages of development, and in a wide range of application areas (see Chaps. 3 to 5). This chapter compares the capabilities of the different storage systems using the following criteria:This comparison of storage systems also provides a convenient overview of the various storage systems and their capabilities. KW - Erneuerbare Energien KW - Power-to-Gas KW - Energiespeicher Y1 - 2019 SN - 978-3-662-55503-3 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-55504-0 PB - Springer-Nature CY - Heidelberg, Berlin, New York ET - Translation of 2nd German edition Sterner, „Stadler Energiespeicher – Bedarf, Technologien, Integration“ ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sterner, Michael A1 - Thema, Martin T1 - Technologies status and perspectives of Power-to-Gas in connection with seasonal underground storage T2 - European Workshop on Underground Energy Storage, Paris 07.11.2019 KW - Erneuerbare Energien KW - Klimaneutralität KW - Energiewende KW - Sektorenkopplung KW - Power-to-Gas Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Sterner, Michael A1 - Bauer, Franz A1 - Hofrichter, Andreas A1 - Heberl, Michael T1 - Systemanalyse und -integration Power-to-X im Kontext von erneuerbarer Elektrizität als Primärenergie (SPIKE) N2 - Durch das in Paris beschlossene Ziel, die globale mittlere Temperatur auf deutlich unter 2 Grad Celsius gegenüber dem vorindustriellen Niveau zu begrenzen, ist ein Ausstieg aus der Nutzung fossiler Energieträger und Rohstoffe bis zum Jahr 2050 notwendig (WBGU 2016). Daher hat sich die Bundesregierung das Ziel gesetzt, bis zur Mitte des Jahrhunderts eine weitgehende Treibhausgasneutralität zu erreichen. Hierzu ist neben einer Steigerung der Energieeffizienz in allen Sektoren ein Ausbau erneuerbaren Energien notwendig. Dies beinhaltet hauptsächlich den Zubau von Wind‐ und Solarstromanlagen. Somit gewinnt die Sektorkopplung immer mehr an Bedeutung und wird in Zukunft eine tragende Rolle für die Defossilisierung des Energiesystems spielen (BMUB 2016). Als zentrales Element der Sektorkopplung gilt Strom, der über Power‐to‐X (PtX) sowohl energetisch im Wärme‐, und Verkehrssektor als auch stofflich in der Industrie und vor allem im Chemiesektor eingesetzt werden kann (Ausfelder et al. 2018a). Im Rahmen des P2X‐Vorhabens der Kopernikus Forschungsinitiative wird die Sektorkopplung durch die Umwandlung von Strom mittels elektrochemischer Prozesse in stoffliche Ressourcen wie Wasserstoff, Synthesegas oder Kohlenstoffmonoxid untersucht. Der Schwerpunkt liegt auf der Betrachtung der Kopplung von Strom und Verkehr sowie Strom und Chemie und der Untersuchung von Prozessen und Pfaden, die aus ökologischer, ökonomischer und gesellschaftlicher Sicht vorteilhaft sind. Eine vergleichende Einordnung in den Gesamtkontext der Energiewende mit Abwägung zahlreicher Alternativen und Konkurrenztechnologien ist dort allerdings nicht vorgesehen. Zudem werden einige relevante PtX‐Technologien wie Power‐to‐Heat nicht betrachtet. Aus diesem Grund wurden in SPIKE ergänzende PtX‐Technologiepfade aus systemanalytischer Sicht untersucht. Dies sind Power‐to‐Heat (PtH) und Power‐to‐Gas (PtG) über Elektrolyse und optionaler anschließender Methanisierung sowie die Herstellung ausgewählter Pfade der strombasierten Herstellung von Produkten der energieintensiven Industrie. Ziel des Forschungsvorhabens war die Analyse von PtX‐Technologien und Pfaden, deren vergleichende Einordnung im Gesamtkontext der Energiewende sowie die Unterstützung des P2X Roadmapping Prozesses und die Ableitung von Handlungsempfehlungen. Ein besonderer Schwerpunkt lag auf dem Einsatz von PtX im Industriesektor. Für das Vorhaben wurden Arbeitspakete (AP) erstellt, die Untersuchungen zu Technologie, Potenzial, Ökonomie und Ökologie von PtH (AP 1), PtG (AP 2), Power‐to‐Ammoniak, Power‐to‐Ethen und Power‐to‐Propen (AP 3) umfassten. Daraus wurde in AP 4 ein Systemvergleich mit Einordnung von PtX in die Energiewende durchgeführt. Auf dieser Basis und der Identifizierung regulatorischer Rahmenbedingungen für PtX (AP 5) wurde das deutsche Energiesystem samt PtX‐Pfaden in einem Energiesystemmodell abgebildet (AP 6). Die Ergebnisse flossen in das Roadmapping ein (AP 7). Zudem erfolgte ein Austausch mit den Projektpartnern und das Verfassen wissenschaftlicher Abhandlungen (AP 8). KW - Energieintensive Industrie KW - Energiesystemmodellierung KW - Power-to-Gas KW - Power-to-Heat KW - Ökobilanzierung Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Thema, Martin A1 - Bellack, Annett A1 - Weidlich, Tobias A1 - Huber, Harald A1 - Karl, Jürgen A1 - Sterner, Michael ED - Held, Jörgen T1 - Optimizing biological CO2-methanation in a trickle-bed reactor BT - the ORBIT-Project T2 - 6th International Conference on Renewable Energy Gas Technology, 20-21 May 2019, Malmö, Sweden. Conference proceedings KW - Biologische Methanisierung KW - Power-to-Gas KW - Erneuerbare Energien KW - Rieselbett-Bioreaktor KW - Archaeen Y1 - 2019 SP - 93 EP - 94 PB - Renewable Energy Technology International AB CY - Lund, Sweden ER - TY - GEN A1 - Thema, Martin A1 - Bauer, Franz A1 - Sterner, Michael T1 - Power-to-Gas world status report T2 - International Renewable Energy Storage Conference, Düsseldorf 14.-16.03.2019 KW - Erneuerbare Energien, Klimaneutralität, Energiewende, Sektorenkopplung, Power-to-Gas KW - Power-to-Gas KW - Sektorenkopplung KW - Energiewende KW - Klimaneutralität Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Thema, Martin A1 - Bellack, Annett A1 - Weidlich, Tobias A1 - Huber, Harald A1 - Karl, Jürgen A1 - Sterner, Michael T1 - Optimierung biologischer CO2-Methanisierung im Rieselbett-Reaktor BT - das ORBIT-Projekt T2 - 4. Regensburger Energiekongress, Regensburg 26.-27.02.2019 KW - biologische Methanisierung KW - Archaeen KW - Power-to-Gas KW - Erneuerbare Energien KW - Rieselbett-Bioreaktor Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sterner, Michael T1 - Insight into Power-to-Gas/Liquids: a solution for sustainable transport besides e-mobility T2 - Conference Low Carbon Transport - Engineering the Fuels of the Future (Institution of Mechanical Engineers), London 09.07.2019 KW - Erneuerbare Energien KW - Klimaneutralität KW - Energiewende KW - Sektorenkopplung KW - Power-to-Gas Y1 - 2019 PB - Institution of Mechanical Engineers CY - London ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sterner, Michael T1 - Power-to-Gas technologies in the energy sector and their role in the fight against climate change T2 - Hungarian Power-to-Gas REKK Forum, Budapest Corvinus University, 12.02.2020 KW - Erneuerbare Energien KW - Klimaneutralität KW - Energiewende KW - Sektorenkopplung KW - Power-to-Gas Y1 - 2020 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sterner, Michael T1 - Gas aus einer Gesamtenergieversorgungsperspektive - Warum wir Power-to-X für die Klimaneutralität brauchen T2 - Kopernikus-Konferenz Projekt "Ensure" (Deutsche Umwelthilfe), 15. April 2021 KW - Erneuerbare Energien KW - Klimaneutralität KW - Energiewende KW - Sektorenkopplung KW - Power-to-Gas Y1 - 2021 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sterner, Michael A1 - Heberl, Michael T1 - The ORBIT-Project: Biological methanation in a trickle-bed reactor - key results and next steps T2 - 5th Nuremberg Workshop on Methanation and 2nd Generation, Nürnberg Friedrich-Alexander-Universität, 28.05.2021 KW - biologische Methanisierung KW - Archaeen KW - Power-to-Gas KW - Erneuerbare Energien KW - Rieselbett Bioreaktor Y1 - 2021 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Thema, Martin A1 - Sterner, Michael A1 - Lenck, Thorsten A1 - Götz, Philipp T1 - Necessity and Impact of Power-to-gas on Energy Transition in Germany JF - Energy Procedia N2 - The present paper gives an outlook on a bandwidth of required installed power-to-gas capacity in the German power sector fed by 100% renewable generation until 2050. Two scenarios were simulated to quantify cost effects of power-to-gas on the electricity system: once with, once without additional short-term flexibility options to a system using fossil natural gas as sole flexibility option instead. As a result, at latest in 2035, power-to-gas capacity expansion has to take place to reach required installed capacities of up to 89-134 GW in 2050. Application of power-to-gas as long-term flexibility leads to cost savings of up to 11,7-19 bn Euro enabling a fully renewable system in 2050. KW - decarbonization KW - energy storage KW - energy transition KW - Power-to-Gas KW - renewable energy KW - supply security KW - surplus energy KW - system costs Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2016.10.129 VL - 99 SP - 392 EP - 400 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Thema, Martin A1 - Bauer, Franz A1 - Sterner, Michael T1 - Power-to-Gas: Electrolysis and methanation status review JF - Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews N2 - This review gives a worldwide overview on Power-to-Gas projects producing hydrogen or renewable substitute natural gas focusing projects in central Europe. It deepens and completes the content of previous reviews by including hitherto unreviewed projects and by combining project names with details such as plant location. It is based on data from 153 completed, recent and planned projects since 1988 which were evaluated with regards to plant allocation, installed power development, plant size, shares and amounts of hydrogen or substitute natural gas producing examinations and product utilization phases. Cost development for electrolysis and carbon dioxide methanation was analyzed and a projection until 2030 is given with an outlook to 2050. The results show substantial cost reductions for electrolysis as well as for methanation during the recent years and a further price decline to less than 500 euro per kilowatt electric power input for both technologies until 2050 is estimated if cost projection follows the current trend. Most of the projects examined are located in Germany, Denmark, the United States of America and Canada. Following an exponential global trend to increase installed power, today's Power-to-Gas applications are operated at about 39 megawatt. Hydrogen and substitute natural gas were investigated on equal terms concerning the number of projects. KW - Biological CO2-Methanation KW - Chemical CO2-Methanation KW - Cost-development KW - Electrolysis KW - Power-to-Gas Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-26238 N1 - Corresponding author: Martin Thema VL - 112 IS - 7 SP - 775 EP - 787 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sterner, Michael A1 - Specht, Michael T1 - Power-to-Gas and Power-to-X-The History and Results of Developing a New Storage Concept JF - Energies N2 - Germany's energy transition, known as 'Energiewende', was always very progressive. However, it came technically to a halt at the question of large-scale, seasonal energy storage for wind and solar, which was not available. At the end of the 2000s, we combined our knowledge of both electrical and process engineering, imitated nature by copying photosynthesis and developed Power-to-Gas by combining water electrolysis with CO2-methanation to convert water and CO2 together with wind and solar power to synthetic natural gas. Storing green energy by coupling the electricity with the gas sector using its vast TWh-scale storage facility was the solution for the biggest energy problem of our time. This was the first concept that created the term 'sector coupling' or 'sectoral integration'. We first implemented demo sites, presented our work in research, industry and ministries, and applied it in many macroeconomic studies. It was an initial idea that inspired others to rethink electricity as well as eFuels as an energy source and energy carrier. We developed the concept further to include Power-to-Liquid, Power-to-Chemicals and other ways to 'convert' electricity into molecules and climate-neutral feedstocks, and named it 'Power-to-X'at the beginning of the 2010s. KW - 100% renewable energy scenarios KW - CARBON RECYCLING SYSTEM KW - CO2 KW - eFuels KW - electric fuels KW - energy transition KW - hydrogen KW - methanation KW - METHANOL KW - Power-to-Gas KW - Power-to-Hydrogen KW - Power-to-Methane KW - Power-to-X KW - sector coupling KW - sectoral integration KW - TRANSPORTATION Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-26202 N1 - Corresponding author: Michael Sterner VL - 14 IS - 20 PB - MDPI ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Thema, Martin A1 - Weidlich, Tobias A1 - Hörl, Manuel A1 - Bellack, Annett A1 - Mörs, Friedemann A1 - Hackl, Florian A1 - Kohlmayer, Matthias A1 - Gleich, Jasmin A1 - Stabenau, Carsten A1 - Trabold, Thomas A1 - Neubert, Michael A1 - Ortloff, Felix A1 - Brotsack, Raimund A1 - Schmack, Doris A1 - Huber, Harald A1 - Hafenbradl, Doris A1 - Karl, Jürgen A1 - Sterner, Michael T1 - Biological CO2-Methanation: An Approach to Standardization JF - Energies N2 - Power-to-Methane as one part of Power-to-Gas has been recognized globally as one of the key elements for the transition towards a sustainable energy system. While plants that produce methane catalytically have been in operation for a long time, biological methanation has just reached industrial pilot scale and near-term commercial application. The growing importance of the biological method is reflected by an increasing number of scientific articles describing novel approaches to improve this technology. However, these studies are difficult to compare because they lack a coherent nomenclature. In this article, we present a comprehensive set of parameters allowing the characterization and comparison of various biological methanation processes. To identify relevant parameters needed for a proper description of this technology, we summarized existing literature and defined system boundaries for Power-to-Methane process steps. On this basis, we derive system parameters providing information on the methanation system, its performance, the biology and cost aspects. As a result, three different standards are provided as a blueprint matrix for use in academia and industry applicable to both, biological and catalytic methanation. Hence, this review attempts to set the standards for a comprehensive description of biological and chemical methanation processes. KW - Biological methanation KW - bubble column reactor KW - CO2-methanation KW - CSTR KW - membrane reactor KW - methanation KW - Power-to-Gas KW - Power-to-Methane KW - standardization KW - Trickle-bed reactor Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/en12091670 N1 - Corresponding author: Martin Thema VL - 12 IS - 9 SP - 1 EP - 32 PB - MDPI ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gärtner, Sebastian A1 - Rank, Daniel A1 - Heberl, Michael A1 - Gaderer, Matthias A1 - Dawoud, Belal A1 - Haumer, Anton A1 - Sterner, Michael T1 - Simulation and Techno-Economic Analysis of a Power-to-Hydrogen Process for Oxyfuel Glass Melting JF - Energies N2 - As an energy-intensive industry sector, the glass industry is strongly affected by the increasingly stringent climate protection targets. As established combustion-based production systems ensure high process stability and glass quality, an immediate switch to low greenhouse gas emission processes is difficult. To approach these challenges, this work investigates a step-by-step integration of a Power-to-Hydrogen concept into established oxyfuel glass melting processes using a simulation approach. This is complemented by a case study for economic analysis on a selected German glass industry site by simulating the power production of a nearby renewable energy park and subsequent optimization of the power-to-hydrogen plant performance and capacities. The results of this study indicate, that the proposed system can reduce specific carbon dioxide emissions by up to 60%, while increasing specific energy demand by a maximum of 25%. Investigations of the impact of altered combustion and furnace properties like adiabatic flame temperature (+25 °C), temperature efficiency (∆ξ = −0.003) and heat capacity flow ratio (∆zHL = −0.009) indicate that pure hydrogen-oxygen combustion has less impact on melting properties than assumed so far. Within the case study, high CO2 abatement costs of 295 €/t CO2-eq. were determined. This is mainly due to the insufficient performance of renewable energy sources. The correlations between process scaling and economic parameters presented in this study show promising potential for further economic optimization of the proposed energy system in the future. KW - Power-to-Gas KW - Hydrogen KW - Electrolysis KW - Oxyfuel KW - Glass Industry Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-22713 N1 - Corresponding author: Sebastian Gärtner VL - 14 IS - 24 PB - MDPI ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Thema, Martin A1 - Weidlich, Tobias A1 - Kaul, Anja A1 - Böllmann, Andrea A1 - Huber, Harald A1 - Bellack, Annett A1 - Karl, Jürgen A1 - Sterner, Michael T1 - Optimized biological CO2-methanation with a pure culture of thermophilic methanogenic archaea in a trickle-bed reactor JF - Bioresource Technology N2 - In this study, a fully automated process converting hydrogen and carbon dioxide to methane in a high temperature trickle-bed reactor was developed from lab scale to field test level. The reactor design and system performance was optimized to yield high methane content in the product gas for direct feed-in to the gas grid. The reaction was catalyzed by a pure culture of Methanothermobacter thermoautotrophicus IM5, which formed a biofilm on ceramic packing elements. During 600 h in continuous and semi-continuous operation in countercurrent flow, the 0.05 m3 reactor produced up to 95.3 % of methane at a methane production rate of 0.35 mCH43mR-3h-1. Adding nitrogen as carrier gas during startup, foam control and dosing of ammonium and sodium sulfide as nitrogen and sulfur source were important factors for process automation. KW - Biological methanation KW - Power-to-Gas KW - Reactor concept KW - Thermophilic archaea KW - Trickle-bed reactor Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125135 IS - 333 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sterner, Michael A1 - Bauer, Franz T1 - Power-to-X im Kontext der Energiewende und des Klimaschutzes in Deutschland JF - Chemie-Ingenieur-Technik N2 - Um den Einfluss verschiedener Power-to-X-Verfahren auf die Transformation des deutschen Energiesystems und das Erreichen der Klimaschutzziele zu überprüfen, wurde ein sektorübergreifendes Energiesystemmodel entwickelt. Die daraus gewonnenen Ergebnisse zeigen: Für eine erfolgreiche Energiewende ist der Einsatz von Power-to-X in Zukunft unverzichtbar. Vor allem in Bereichen und Sektoren, in denen hohe Energiedichten erforderlich und nur wenig andere Optionen zur Defossilisierung vorhanden sind, werden Power-to-X-Technologien zwingend notwendig. T2 - Power-to-X in Context of Energy Transition and Climate Change Mitigation in Germany KW - Power-to-Gas KW - Climate mitigation KW - Energy system KW - Modeling KW - Power-to-X KW - Klimaschutz KW - Energiewende Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-11669 SN - 0009-286X N1 - Corresponding author: Franz Bauer VL - 92 IS - 1-2 SP - 85 EP - 90 PB - Wiley ER -