TY - GEN A1 - Kriegl, Raphael T1 - Preservation of wetting ridges using field-induced plasticity of magnetoactive elastomers (Version 3) [Data set] N2 - How to access data: html: Open in browser to view interactive figure pdf/png: Static figure, open with desired program json: Contains data for figures Open using Python pandas: import pandas as pd data = pd.read_json("filename") data then contains a pandas table. The cells in columns describing x,y data might contain entire arrays. Naming: Figure files are named after their respective ordering (i.e. figure1_*). Data and figure files are always named correspondingly. Zip archives (indiv_3D_*.zip) contain multiple additional figures, one for each surface measurement. There is a zip archive with the static renders and one with the interactive plots. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14502155 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mauerer, Wolfgang A1 - Joblin, Mitchell A1 - Tamburri, Damian Andrew A1 - Paradis, Carlos A1 - Kazman, Rick A1 - Apel, Sven T1 - In Search of Socio-Technical Congruence: A Large-Scale Longitudinal Study [Data set] Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4766388 N1 - Archive of the accompanying website including all datasets for "In Search of Socio-Technical Congruence: A Large-Scale Longitudinal Study" (IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering): https://doi.org/10.1109/TSE.2021.3082074 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mauerer, Wolfgang A1 - Scherzinger, Stefanie T1 - Nullius in Verba - Reproducibility Tutorial [Data set] N2 - Reproduction package (docker image) for the ICDE 2021 tutorial "Nullius in Verba". Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4730023 N1 - In Verbindung mit dem Konferenzbeitrag: Nullius in Verba: Reproducibility for Database Systems Research, Revisited - https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDE51399.2021.00270 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Glavan, Gašper A1 - Belyaeva, Inna A. A1 - Shamonin (Chamonine), Mikhail T1 - On the Piezomagnetism of Magnetoactive Elastomeric Cylinders in Uniform Magnetic Fields: Height Modulation in the Vicinity of an Operating Point by Time-Harmonic Fields [Data set] Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13834054 N1 - This is the data set for all the figures in the paper with the title: "On the Piezomagnetism of Magnetoactive Elastomeric Cylinders in Uniform Magnetic Fields: Height Modulation in the Vicinity of an Operating Point by Time-Harmonic Fields" published in the Polymers journal (doi:10.3390/polym16192706). ER - TY - GEN A1 - Glavan, Gašper A1 - Belyaeva, Inna A. A1 - Shamonin (Chamonine), Mikhail T1 - Multiferroic Cantilevers Containing a Magnetoactive Elastomer: Magnetoelectric Response to Low-Frequency Magnetic Fields of Triangular and Sinusoidal Waveform [Data set] Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14651784 N1 - This is the data set for all the figures in the paper with the title: "Multiferroic Cantilevers Containing a Magnetoactive Elastomer: Magnetoelectric Response to Low-Frequency Magnetic Fields of Triangular and Sinusoidal Waveform" published in the Sensor journal (doi:10.3390/s22103791). ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Wagner, Bernd A1 - Hay, Stefan A1 - Neidhart, Thomas A1 - Spirkl, Florian A1 - Ried, Michael A1 - Zrenner, Louis A1 - Weidlich, Ingo A1 - Gabriel, Eugen A1 - Banning, Timo ED - Vanhoudt, Dirk T1 - TFSB as Bedding Material in District Heating Pipe Constructin - Scientifically Proven Long-Term Experience T2 - Proceedings of the 19th International Symposium on District Heating and Cooling; 2025, Genk (Belgium) N2 - Following the explanation of the increasing importance of alternative backfill materials like TFSB, TFSB and their status in terms of science and technology are depicted. Selected results of the research project FW-ZFSV 4.0 are presented: computer-aided static calculation, in situ long term loading of district heating pipes in TFSB and sand, quality assurance and resource conservation. The conclusions provide an overall assessment of the use of TFSB in district heating pipe construction. Y1 - 2026 SN - 9783032098443 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-09844-3_10 SP - 99 EP - 108 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - GEN A1 - Spirkl, Florian T1 - Untersuchungen und Analyse des Verhaltens von Böden und Boden-Bindemittel-Gemischen unter zyklischer Belastung N2 - Während es zahlreiche Untersuchungen zum Verhalten von Böden unter zyklischen und dynamischen Belastungen gibt, gibt es nur wenige Veröffentlichungen zu zyklischen Belastungen an Bindemittel-stabilisierter Böden. Dabei werden diese Boden-Bindemittel-Gemische (BBG) vielseitig eingesetzt (z.B. qualifizierte Bodenverfestigung, Bodenmischsäulen, zeitweise fließfähige Erdbaustoffe). Die durchgeführten Versuche zielen darauf ab, ein tiefergehendes Verständnis für das Materialverhalten von BBG zu gewinnen. Hierfür wurden an verschiedenen Mischungen zyklische Versuche mit variierenden Spannungsamplituden durchgeführt. Die bisher durchgeführten Versuche untersuchen sowohl Zyklen im niedrigen Lastbereich als auch im hohen Lastbereich nahe der einaxialen Druckfestigkeit. Gängige Modelle zur Beschreibung des Setzungsverhaltens in Folge von zyklischer Einwirkung werden vorgestellt und mit den Ergebnissen für BBG verglichen. Y1 - 2025 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kranz, Michael A1 - Wagner, Maria Stella A1 - Pointner, Daniel A1 - Haus, Moritz A1 - Lubnow, Matthias A1 - Lehle, Karla A1 - Krenkel, Lars T1 - Polymer embedding of membrane lungs for histological investigations of intra-device clot formation JF - Cardiovascular Medicine N2 - Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is an invasive but potentially lifesaving treatment option for severe cardiac or respiratory failure. Despite its beneficial effect, coagulation-related complications, mainly due to clot formation, excessive bleeding and the accumulation of deposits in the membrane lung (ML) remain common, causing higher mortality. In this context, the formation of clots and other deposits in the ML is of particular interest. Previous histological examinations of the polymethylpentene fiber mats inside the ML could only be performed in a top view, prohibiting valid quantification and examination of the multi-layered deposits or fiber mat spanning structures. Our objective was the establishment of a polymer embedding to increase the mechanical stability of the deposits and thus enable cross-sectional microtome cutting through the ML hollow-fibers. Clinically used MLs (PLS, Getinge, Rastatt, Germany) were stabilized with a polymer resin (HistoCURE 8100). Specimens were cut out of the embedded MLs and microtome sections with a thickness of 10 µm were performed. In addition to standard histological staining with hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and Pappenheim (May-Grunwald-Giemsa), fluorescence DNA staining for nucleated cells with 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) and SYTOX™ Green as well as immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence staining for the lysosomal enzyme myeloperoxidase (MPO) and von Willebrand factor (vWF) were established. The protocol provides a method for large volume embedding (400 mL). The cellular and extracellular deposits were securely fixed by the polymer scaffold allowing the examination of clots in MLs in native position which was not possible with conventional paraffin embedding. Multi-layered deposits and fiber mat spanning structures are no longer disrupted during specimen extraction and can now be quantified. Staining with HE, Pappenheim, DAPI, SYTOX™ Green, MPO, and vWF was successfully tested with this protocol. This method may be the foundation for new insights into the complex clotting phenomena observed in MLs KW - clot formation KW - ECMO KW - HistoCURE 8100 KW - histology KW - membrane lungs KW - polymer embedding KW - Technovit 8100 Y1 - 2026 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2026.1650978 VL - 13 PB - Frontiers CY - Lausanne ER - TY - GEN A1 - Besser, Elisabeth A1 - Giraud, Jara A1 - Hammon, Michaela A1 - Mayer, Josefa A1 - Schiener, Sophie A1 - Mertens, Johannis A1 - Pfingsten, Andrea T1 - Kulturell adaptierte Schmerzgeschichte für die PNE im deutschsprachigen Raum T2 - 9. Forschungssymposium Physiotherapie (FSPT), 2025, Bremen N2 - Einleitung Pain Neuroscience Education (PNE) ist eine Aufklärungsstrategie, welche das Ziel hat, Schmerzpatient*innen neurophysiologische und -biologische Vorgänge im Körper mittels Metaphern und Geschichten zu vermitteln. Der Wissenszugewinn über schmerzphysiologische Prozesse kann – insbesondere bei chronischen Schmerzpatient*innen – psychosoziale Symptome wie Bewegungsangst und Katastrophisierung von Schmerz positiv beeinflussen und zu einem Umdenken im Umgang mit Schmerz anregen. Trotz zahlreicher PNE-Studien wird die vermutlich entscheidende Anpassung von Schmerzgeschichten an den kulturellen Hintergrund der Betroffenen bis jetzt kaum berücksichtigt. Ziel des Projekts war es, eine für die deutsche Kultur angepasste Schmerzgeschichte nach dem Vorbild des amerikanischen „Why You Hurt“- Konzepts zu entwickeln und diese hinsichtlich ihrer Verständlichkeit und Anwendbarkeit zu überprüfen Material und Methodik Auf Grundlage der Literatur sowie eines fachlichen Austauschs mit dem PNE-Experten Prof. Dr. Emilio „Louie“ Puentedura wurde eine metaphorische, kulturell adaptierte Schmerzgeschichte entwickelt und grafisch aufbereitet. Die Datenerhebung erfolgte durch leitfadengestützte Interviews mit jeweils drei Therapeut*innen und Patient*innen. Die Auswertung erfolgte mittels qualitativer Inhaltsanalyse in MAXQDA. Ergebnisse Die Teilnehmenden beschrieben die Geschichte als „leicht verständlich, nachvollziehbar und anschaulich“. Die Kombination aus Erzählung und graphischer Darstellung erleichterte das Verständnis der physiologischen Vorgänge. Therapeut*innen reagierten positiv auf die Umsetzbarkeit und signalisierten Bereitschaft zur künftigen Anwendung, bevorzugt mit geringem organisatorischem Aufwand – etwa in Form von Karten mit variierenden Inhalten oder einer App-Version. Zusätzlich wurde erwähnt, die Geschichte nur bei Kindern anzuwenden. Zusammenfassung Die erstellte Schmerzgeschichte wurde von den Befragten als verständlich und umsetzbar bewertet. Zukünftig sollten weitere quantitative Studien mit größerer Teilnehmerzahl durchgeführt werden, um belastbarere Aussagen bezüglich der Anwendbarkeit und des Verständnisses von Schmerzgeschichten in der Gesamtpopulation treffen zu können. Neben der kulturellen Adaptation könnte auch die Anpassung an das Bildungsniveau sowie das Alter der Betroffenen und eine mögliche PNE-App für zukünftige Untersuchungen relevant sein. KW - PNE KW - PNE KW - Physiotherapie KW - Forschungssymposium KW - FSPT Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0045-1811330 VL - 21 IS - S02 PB - Thieme CY - Stuttgart ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Schwarz, Philipp A1 - Bock, Sebastian A1 - Weiß, Martin T1 - Abschlussbericht Projekt LeaP - Learning Poses : Posenerkennung mit Neuronalen Netzen BT - Programm zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung und Entwicklung an Hochschulen für angewandte Wissenschaften – Fachhochschulen (Kap. 15 49 TG 78), Förderperiode 2018 – 2021; Programmsäule Strukturimpuls Forschungseinstieg - Projekt “Posenerkennung mit Neuronalen Netzen” N2 - Die Schätzung der 6D-Pose bekannter Objekte findet Anwendungen in der Robotik, der Luft- und Raumfahrtsteuerung und automatisierten Produktionsumgebungen. Es ist nach wie vor gängige Praxis, klassische Bildverarbeitungsmethoden zu verwenden, um eine hohe Präzision zu erreichen. Diese Methoden erfordern jedoch eine manuelle Parametrisierung der verwendeten Erkennungswerkzeuge für jedes einzelne Objekt. Dies wirft die Frage auf, ob maschinelle Lerntechniken, insb. convolutional neural networks, Netzwerke, so trainiert werden können, dass sie die in der Industrie geforderte Präzision ohne individuelle Programmierung erreichen können. Darüber sollen in Produktionsumgebungen Umwelteinflüsse wie Lichtverhältnisse minimiert werden. Es werden verschiedene Netzstrukturen entwickelt und auf ihre Leistung bei diesem Szenario untersucht, mit 1 bis 6 Freiheitsgraden in der Aufgabenstellung und einer oder mehreren Kameras. Zusätzlich wird ein Ansatz mit reinforcement learning entwickelt und untersucht. KW - Posenermittlung KW - convolutional neural network KW - Konvergenzverhalten Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-88514 CY - Regensburg ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Schultz, Maximilian T1 - 1.Bericht für das Regensburg Center of Health Sciences and Technology (RCHST) N2 - Der vorliegende Bericht zeigt den aktuellen Stand des Projekts „Künstliche Intelligenz für Nichtregierungsorganisationen (KINiro) – Bedarf, Akzeptanz und Umsetzungsmöglichkeiten“ an der OTH Regensburg am Institut für Sozialforschung und Technikfolgenabschätzung (IST). Im Projektbericht wird das Projekt KINiro mit besonderem Blick auf die Erkenntnisse und Tätigkeiten im Gesundheitswesen aufgezeigt. Das Projekt KINiro wird mit Laufzeit Januar 2023 bis Dezember 2025 durch das Bundesministerium für Familie, Senioren, Frauen und Jugend (BMFSFJ) gefördert. Eine zusätzliche Unterstützung bietet das Regensburg Center of Health Sciences and Technology (RCHST) KW - Künstliche Intelligenz KW - Gesundheit Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-73125 VL - 2024 PB - OTH Regensburg CY - Regensburg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Qiao, Yu A1 - Grad, Marius A1 - Nonn, Aida T1 - Toward an Efficient and Robust Process–Structure Prediction Framework for Filigree L-PBF 316L Stainless Steel Structures JF - Metals N2 - Additive manufacturing (AM), particularly laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF), provides unmatched design flexibility for creating intricate steel structures with minimal post-processing. However, adopting L-PBF for high-performance applications is difficult due to the challenge of predicting microstructure evolution. This is because the process is sensitive to many parameters and has a complex thermal history. Thin-walled geometries present an added challenge because their dimensions often approach the scale of individual grains. Thus, microstructure becomes a critical factor in the overall integrity of the component. This study focuses on applying cellular automata (CA) modeling to establish robust and efficient process–structure relationships in L-PBF of 316L stainless steel. The CA framework simulates solidification-driven grain evolution and texture development across various processing conditions. Model predictions are evaluated against experimental electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) data, with additional quantitative comparisons based on texture and morphology metrics. The results demonstrate that CA simulations calibrated with relevant process parameters can effectively reproduce key microstructural features, including grain size distributions, aspect ratios, and texture components, observed in thin-walled L-PBF structures. This work highlights the strengths and limitations of CA-based modeling and supports its role in reliably designing and optimizing complex L-PBF components. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/met15070812 SN - 2075-4701 VL - 15 IS - 7 PB - MDPI ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schwägerl, Felix A1 - Uhrig, Sabrina A1 - Westfechtel, Bernhard T1 - A Graph-based Algorithm for Three-way Merging of Ordered Collections in EMF Models T2 - Science of Computer Programming N2 - In EMF models, ordered collections appear as the values of multi-valued structural features. Traditional, text-based version control systems do not sufficiently support three-way merging of ordered collections inside EMF models since they cannot guarantee a consistent result. The operation three-way merging is defined as follows: based on a common base version b, two alternative versions and were developed by copying and modifying the base version. To reconcile these changes, a merged version m is to be created as a common successor of and . In this paper, we present a graph algorithm to solve the problem of three-way merging of ordered collections in EMF models. Each version of a collection can be represented by means of a linearly ordered graph. To create the merged version, these graphs are combined to a merged collection graph using set formula. To create the merged collection, a generalized topological sort is performed on the merged collection graph. Conflicts occur in case the order of elements cannot be deduced automatically; these conflicts are resolved either interactively or by default rules. We have implemented the merge algorithm in our tool BTMerge, which performs a consistency-preserving three-way merge of versions of EMF models being instances of arbitrary Ecore models. Our implementation relies on an alternative form of representing multiple versions of a collection, namely a versioned collection graph which forms a superimposition of collection versions. The algorithm presented here is purely state-based. Matching and merging of collections are clearly separated sub-problems. Insertions and deletions performed on the elements of the collection are propagated into the merged version in a consistent way. Our algorithm makes only minimal assumptions with regard to the underlying product model and thus may be applied to ordered collections inside plain text or XML files. By taking arbitrary move operations into account, the algorithm considerably goes beyond the functionality of contemporary merge tools which cannot adequately handle move operations. KW - EMF Models KW - Model Merging KW - Graph Algorithms Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scico.2015.02.008 VL - 113 IS - Part 1 SP - 51 EP - 81 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Buchmann, Thomas A1 - Schwägerl, Felix T1 - Breaking the Boundaries of Meta Models and Preventing Information Loss in Model-Driven Software Product Lines T2 - Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Evaluation of Novel Software Approaches to Software Engineering, Vol 1, 2016, Rome, Italy N2 - Model-driven software product line engineering is an integrating discipline for which tool support has become available recently. However, existing tools are still immature and have several weaknesses. Among others, limitations in variability, caused by meta model restrictions, and unintended information loss are not addressed. In this paper, we present two conceptual extensions to model-driven product line engineering based on negative variability, being alternative mappings and surrogates. Alternative mappings allow for unconstrained variability, mitigating meta model restrictions by virtually extending the underlying multi-variant domain model. Surrogates prevent unintended information loss during product derivation based on a contextsensitive product analysis, which can be controlled by a declarative OCL-based language. Both extensions have been implemented in FAMILE, a model-driven product line tool that is based on EMF, provides dedicated consistency repair mechanisms, and completely automates application engineering. The added value of alternative mappings and surrogates is demonstrated by a running example. KW - Software Product Lines KW - Model-Driven Development KW - Unconstrained Variability KW - Information Loss KW - Negative Variability KW - Application Engineering Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5220/0005789100730083 SP - 83 PB - SCITEPRESS - Science and and Technology Publications ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schwägerl, Felix A1 - Uhrig, Sabrina A1 - Westfechtel, Bernhard T1 - Model-based tool support for consistent three-way merging of EMF models T2 - ACME '13, Proceedings of the workshop on ACadeMics Tooling with Eclipse N2 - Inadequate version control has been identified as a major obstacle to the application of model-driven software engineering. In particular, sophisticated support for merging model versions is urgently needed. We present a tool for merging of EMF models which may be applied to instances of arbitrary Ecore models. The tool advances the state of the art by guaranteeing a consistent merge result. Furthermore, it detects and resolves not only context-free, but also context-sensitive conflicts. Our merge tool is model-based; it relies on EMF for its implementation. Initial experiences gained from its application confirm that the merge tool operates both accurately and efficiently. Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1145/2491279.2491281 PB - ACM CY - New York, NY, USA ER - TY - INPR A1 - Chow, Rosan T1 - Narcissistic and Embodied Human-Centered-Design N2 - In recent years, there have been calls to replace Human-Centered-Design (HCD) with More-Than-Human-Design (MTHD). The proponents of MTHD dismiss HCD for various reasons; however, the fact that they use the same title, terms and phrases such as posthuman, decenter human, anti-anthropocentric; systematically or not, coherently or not, together they create a strong sense that HCD is passé and must be left behind. Anthropocentrism has gotten a lot of beatings from multiple quarters to the extent that the term carries now a negative connotation. This negative mood seems to get carried away and over to the criticisms of HCD as human-centered is synonymous with anthropocentric. My contribution is to point out, while anthropocentrism is a position of value; it might also be understood as an inescapable condition. Before the MTHD movement sweeps away indiscriminately all HCD, a more careful look is in order. KW - Design, Human-Centered, Posthuman, Anthropocentrism KW - More-Than-Human Y1 - 2026 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-87557 SN - 978-3-0356-3012-1 N1 - Preprint des Buchkapitels: Narcissistic- und Embodied Human-Centered-Design in Nutzen statt Besitzen: https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-oth-regensburg/frontdoor/index/index/start/0/rows/10/sortfield/score/sortorder/desc/searchtype/simple/query/978-3-0356-3012-1/docId/8847 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Sachenbacher, Martin A1 - Leucker, Martin T1 - Towards Monitoring and Diagnosis of Quantum Digital Twins T2 - Lecture Notes in Informatics (LNI) N2 - As access to larger-scale quantum computers is still limited, it is useful to simulate quantum algorithms on specialized programmable logic hardware such as FPGAs to exploit analogies between quantum and digital circuits, and allow for analysis and efficient debugging of quantum programs. Such simulations can be viewed as digital representations of actual physical systems, commonly referred to as Digital Twins (DTs). In previous work, we applied formal methods from runtime verification to synthesize monitors capable of real-time analysis of conventional DTs. Specifically, these monitors supervise alignment with their physical counterparts and support model-based diagnosis to identify potential root causes of observed deviations. In this short paper, we present ongoing work aimed at adapting and extending our approach to hardware-based simulation and analysis of quantum software on FPGAs, with the objective of improving both accuracy and resilience. Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-87546 VL - P-366 SP - 1767 EP - 1772 PB - Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V. CY - Bonn ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gschoßmann, Lukas A1 - Schedel, Valentin A1 - Süß, Franz A1 - Weber, Markus A1 - Pfingsten, Andrea A1 - Dendorfer, Sebastian T1 - Evaluating Knee Joint Loads Across Exercises and Activities of Daily Living to Personalize TKA Rehabilitation T2 - ISB 2025 - The XXX Congress of the International Society of Biomechanics, 27.-31. July 2025, Stockholm N2 - This study assessed knee joint loading during various physiotherapy exercises and activities of daily living in 30 healthy subjects. Results showed that lunges and squats caused the highest joint forces, while gait and stair activities also imposed substantial loads. These findings support datadriven exercise selection for personalized rehabilitation after total knee arthroplasty. Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-87252 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Chow, Rosan ED - Brandes, Uta ED - Bieling, Tom ED - Christensen, Michelle ED - Jonas, Wolfgang T1 - Narcissistic- und Embodied Human-Centered-Design T2 - Nutzen statt Besitzen N2 - In recent years, there have been calls to replace Human-Centered-Design (HCD) with More-Than-Human-Design (MTHD). The proponents of MTHD dismiss HCD for various reasons; however, the fact that they use the same title, terms and phrases such as posthuman, decenter human, anti-anthropocentric; systematically or not, coherently or not, together they create a strong sense that HCD is passé and must be left behind. Anthropocentrism has gotten a lot of beatings from multiple quarters to the extent that the term carries now a negative connotation. This negative mood seems to get carried away and over to the criticisms of HCD as human-centered is synonymous with anthropocentric. My contribution is to point out, while anthropocentrism is a position of value; it might also be understood as an inescapable condition. Before the MTHD movement sweeps away indiscriminately all HCD, a more careful look is in order. KW - Design KW - Human-Centered KW - Posthuman KW - Anthropocentrism Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-0356-3012-1 N1 - Preprint des Kapitels auf Englisch auch auf OPUS unter: https://doi.org/10.35096/othr/pub-8755 SP - 91 EP - 101 PB - Birkhäuser CY - Basel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rueckert, Tobias A1 - Rauber, David A1 - Maerkl, Raphaela A1 - Klausmann, Leonard A1 - Yildiran, Suemeyye R. A1 - Gutbrod, Max A1 - Nunes, Danilo Weber A1 - Moreno, Alvaro Fernandez A1 - Luengo, Imanol A1 - Stoyanov, Danail A1 - Toussaint, Nicolas A1 - Cho, Enki A1 - Kim, Hyeon Bae A1 - Choo, Oh Sung A1 - Kim, Ka Young A1 - Kim, Seong Tae A1 - Arantes, Gonçalo A1 - Song, Kehan A1 - Zhu, Jianjun A1 - Xiong, Junchen A1 - Lin, Tingyi A1 - Kikuchi, Shunsuke A1 - Matsuzaki, Hiroki A1 - Kouno, Atsushi A1 - Manesco, João Renato Ribeiro A1 - Papa, João Paulo A1 - Choi, Tae-Min A1 - Jeong, Tae Kyeong A1 - Park, Juyoun A1 - Alabi, Oluwatosin A1 - Wei, Meng A1 - Vercauteren, Tom A1 - Wu, Runzhi A1 - Xu, Mengya A1 - Wang, An A1 - Bai, Long A1 - Ren, Hongliang A1 - Yamlahi, Amine A1 - Hennighausen, Jakob A1 - Maier-Hein, Lena A1 - Kondo, Satoshi A1 - Kasai, Satoshi A1 - Hirasawa, Kousuke A1 - Yang, Shu A1 - Wang, Yihui A1 - Chen, Hao A1 - Rodríguez, Santiago A1 - Aparicio, Nicolás A1 - Manrique, Leonardo A1 - Palm, Christoph A1 - Wilhelm, Dirk A1 - Feussner, Hubertus A1 - Rueckert, Daniel A1 - Speidel, Stefanie A1 - Nasirihaghighi, Sahar A1 - Al Khalil, Yasmina A1 - Li, Yiping A1 - Arbeláez, Pablo A1 - Ayobi, Nicolás A1 - Hosie, Olivia A1 - Lyons, Juan Camilo T1 - Comparative validation of surgical phase recognition, instrument keypoint estimation, and instrument instance segmentation in endoscopy: Results of the PhaKIR 2024 challenge JF - Medical Image Analysis N2 - Reliable recognition and localization of surgical instruments in endoscopic video recordings are foundational for a wide range of applications in computer- and robot-assisted minimally invasive surgery (RAMIS), including surgical training, skill assessment, and autonomous assistance. However, robust performance under real-world conditions remains a significant challenge. Incorporating surgical context – such as the current procedural phase – has emerged as a promising strategy to improve robustness and interpretability. To address these challenges, we organized the Surgical Procedure Phase, Keypoint, and Instrument Recognition (PhaKIR) sub-challenge as part of the Endoscopic Vision (EndoVis) challenge at MICCAI 2024. We introduced a novel, multi-center dataset comprising thirteen full-length laparoscopic cholecystectomy videos collected from three distinct medical institutions, with unified annotations for three interrelated tasks: surgical phase recognition, instrument keypoint estimation, and instrument instance segmentation. Unlike existing datasets, ours enables joint investigation of instrument localization and procedural context within the same data while supporting the integration of temporal information across entire procedures. We report results and findings in accordance with the BIAS guidelines for biomedical image analysis challenges. The PhaKIR sub-challenge advances the field by providing a unique benchmark for developing temporally aware, context-driven methods in RAMIS and offers a high-quality resource to support future research in surgical scene understanding. KW - Surgical phase recognition KW - Instrument keypoint estimation KW - Instrument instance segmentation KW - Robot-assisted surgery Y1 - 2026 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.media.2026.103945 SN - 1361-8415 N1 - Corresponding author der OTH Regensburg: Tobias Rueckert Die Preprint-Version ist ebenfalls in diesem Repositorium verzeichnet unter: https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-oth-regensburg/solrsearch/index/search/start/0/rows/10/sortfield/score/sortorder/desc/searchtype/simple/query/2507.16559 VL - 109 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hollweck, Christoph A1 - Leidinger, Lukas A1 - Hartmann, Stefan A1 - Wagner, Marcus A1 - Wüchner, Roland T1 - An analysis of the critical time step size for explicit dynamics using trimmed B-splines, LR-splines, and THB-splines JF - Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering N2 - Isogeometric analysis (IGA) combined with explicit dynamics is increasingly used in academia and has already been successfully applied in industrial simulations, including crash and sheet-metal forming. Since explicit schemes are only conditionally stable, accurate estimation of the critical time step is essential for both stability and efficiency. Adaptive mesh refinement is widely used to balance accuracy and computational cost. In IGA, THB- and LR-splines break the tensor-product structure of standard B-splines and enable local refinement, but their effect on the critical time step under trimming has not been systematically studied - a key requirement for reliable time step estimation. We investigate the critical time step in explicit dynamic simulations using trimmed B-splines, LR-splines, and THB-splines, based on a lumped mass matrix obtained by simple row summation. One-dimensional bar, two-dimensional membrane, and trimmed shell models are analyzed to determine how trimming and local refinement influence element and system eigenfrequencies, which directly control the stable time step. Refined boundary elements in open knot vectors are identified as the main bottleneck. Trimming these elements can increase the stable time step, though certain trimming configurations introduce new restrictions. Results show that LR- and THB-splines impose time step constraints similar to B-splines, making them equally suitable for explicit simulations. We also present a general method for computing element-wise Bézier extraction operators for LR- and THB-splines, enabling straightforward integration into standard finite element solvers. The findings are validated through nonlinear sheet-metal forming simulations in LS-DYNA using shells discretized with trimmed B-, LR-, and THB-splines. This represents the first such application and demonstrates their practical feasibility for industrial use. Y1 - 2026 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cma.2025.118656 SN - 0045-7825 N1 - Corresponding author der OTH Regensburg: Christoph Hollweck VL - 450 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - GEN A1 - Amberger, Franziska T1 - Optimierung der Bemessung von Mauerwerksbauten unter Horizontallast Y1 - 2025 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Käss, Sebastian A1 - Strahringer, Susanne A1 - Westner, Markus T1 - Archetypes, Situations, and Practices : a Guide to Successful Low-Code Adoption JF - Information Resources Management Journal N2 - This paper extends prior work on low-code by explaining when adoption archetypes occur and how to use them. Motivated by information technology (IT) talent shortages and uneven low-code development platform (LCDP) outcomes, the paper seeks practical guidance for post-adoption choices in work systems. Using a multiple mini case study of 36 cases in large German organizations, this study analyzes interviews and context questionnaires with within-/cross-case coding and pattern matching against a 13-factor model. This analysis identifies situations that trigger three adoption archetypes—application development democratizers, synergy realizers, and IT resource shortage mitigators—and one non-adoption archetype, intricacy adversaries. The analysis also maps advantages and disadvantages and distills 12 good practices. Across adoption cases, efficiency is the dominant goal, whereas non-adoption stems from high application sophistication. The results give actionable guidance: align goals to an archetype, stick to LCDP standards, involve IT and foster an open culture, invest in skilling, reuse platform components, and reserve LCDPs for less-complex apps while planning architecture early. KW - Business-managed IT KW - Low-Code Development KW - Citizen Development KW - Shadow IT KW - Multiple Mini Case Studies KW - Work Systems Theory KW - Good Practices Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4018/IRMJ.396005 SN - 1040-1628 VL - 38 IS - 1 PB - IGI Global ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Westner, Markus ED - Hofbauer, Günter T1 - Generative AI in Business BT - Opportunities, Challenges, and Strategic Implications Authors Markus Westner T2 - Artificial Intelligence in Business and Engineering N2 - Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) is transforming industries at an unprecedented rate, offering novel opportunities for productivity and innovation. This article explores the adoption of GenAI, highlighting its accelerated uptake compared to previous technologies. Key topics include productivity gains through GenAI tools (e.g., ChatGPT, Klarna’s AI assistant), challenges such as data quality and organizational readiness, and the implications for business strategy. Practical recommendations for managing generative AI adoption and maximizing its impact on both individual and organizational levels are also provided. The analysis underscores the necessity of aligning AI capabilities with customer needs and creating data-driven, adaptable business models. KW - Generative AI KW - Productivity KW - Technology Adoption Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-17-046742-2 SP - 38 EP - 50 PB - Kohlhammer CY - Stuttgart ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Preiß, Niklas A1 - Westner, Markus T1 - From Agents to Copilots: a Systematic Review of Digital Assistant Technology Adoption in Proprietary Productivity Software T2 - Annals of Computer Science and Information Systems N2 - This study provides a systematic review of how the impact and adaptation of digital assistant technologies (DATs) are defined, operationalized, and studied, synthesizing key domains where DATs generate or are expected to generate value. Based on an analysis of 61 articles published since 2013, it identifies five main areas of impact: productivity and efficiency, business development, resource optimization, quality enhancement, and the promotion of learning and creativity. The review highlights DAT adoption across various disciplines and industries, while revealing limited longitudinal research on benefits and adaptation. Key gaps remain in understanding strategic use and sustained impact. Future research should explore longitudinal comparisons of recently introduced generative AI-driven DATs and their organizational implications. This review contributes to information systems research by structuring current knowledge on DAT adoption and outcomes, and by proposing a research agenda to support deeper exploration of their value and long-term integration. KW - Digital Assistant Technology KW - Copilot KW - Generative AI KW - Technology Adoption KW - Productivity Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.15439/2025F3271 SN - 2300-5963 VL - 43 SP - 565 EP - 576 PB - Polish Information Processing Society ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Köhler, Jessica A1 - Harl, Maximilian Victor A1 - Westner, Markus A1 - Strahringer, Susanne T1 - Can AI be a Scholar? A Systematic Review on the Role of Generative AI in Systematic Literature Reviews T2 - 2025 27th International Conference on Business Informatics (CBI), 09-12. September 2025, Lisbon, Portugal N2 - Systematic literature reviews (SLRs) are foundational for research but resource-intensive to conduct. With the rise of large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT, generative AI (GenAI) tools are being increasingly explored for their potential to support and transform the SLR process. This study presents a systematic review of peerreviewed articles that examine how LLM-based GenAI tools are used in different SLR phases. Following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, we screened 1,846 publications published since January 2021 until April 2025 and selected 54 for in-depth analysis. Each study was coded by review phase, prompting approach, automation level, validation type and challenges. Our findings show that GenAI is most often used to support in the screening, search, and writing phases, typically through Basic Prompting and under human oversight. While many studies report efficiency gains, concerns remain regarding validity, transparency, and methodological rigor. Moreover, GenAI is frequently applied to isolated tasks but is rarely embedded in a structured, methodologically guided review processhighlighting the need for clearer phase-specific guidance and standards. We offer a structured, phase-specific synthesis that highlights both the promise and the current limitations of GenAI in literature reviews and thereby offer practical recommendations for the responsible use of GenAI in literature reviews. KW - Generative AI KW - Large Language Models KW - ChatGPT KW - Systematic Literature Review KW - Evidence Synthesis KW - AI-assisted Literature Review Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/CBI68102.2025.00012 PB - IEEE ER - TY - THES A1 - Fleischmann, Florian T1 - Ein Beitrag zur Bestimmung der Rheologischen Eigenschaften Selbstverdichtender Betone mit dem Kugel-Messsystem N2 - Zur Erfassung der rheologischen Eigenschaften Selbstverdichtender Betone (SVB) existieren unterschiedlichste Betonrheometer und Messsysteme. Aufgrund der besonderen Eigenschaften Selbstverdichtender Betone ist die Erfassung deutlich schwieriger als bei Flüssigkeiten und feinkörnigen Suspensionen. Vor allem die Zusammensetzung unterschiedlicher Ausgangsstoffe, die verwendete grobe Gesteinskörnung sowie die ablaufende Hydratation und die dabei entstehenden Wechselwirkungskräfte erschweren die Bestimmung der rheologischen Eigenschaften. Ferner haben diese Eigenheiten zur Folge, dass die geforderten Randbedingungen der klassischen Rheologie nicht mehr eingehalten sind und eine genormte Darstellung der Ergebnisse nicht möglich ist. Bei den existierenden Betonrheometern handelt es sich daher meist um Relativ-Messsysteme, die an die Rheometer der klassischen Rheologie angepasst sind. Eine exakte Bestimmung der rheologischen Eigenschaften Selbstverdichtender Betone ist daher schwierig. Ein Kennzeichen vieler Betonrheometer ist zudem die hohe Schergeschwindigkeit und die permanente Scherung der Probe. Diese Scherbelastung entspricht aber in den meisten Fällen nicht dem tatsächlichen Fließverhalten Selbstverdichtender Betone. Aufgrund dieser Sachlage hat sich diese Arbeit ergeben. Ziel war die Entwicklung eines Betonrheometers, das die speziellen Eigenschaften des SVB berücksichtigt und die tatsächlichen Fließbedingungen simuliert. Als Ausgangspunkt diente die exzentrisch rotierende Kugel (Kugel-Messsystem), die bereits für rheologische Untersuchungen von Leimen und Mörtel erfolgreich eingesetzt wird. Eine Kugel bewegt sich dabei auf einer Kreisbahn durch den Leim oder den Mörtel und erfasst das Widerstandsmoment bei definierter Geschwindigkeit. Rheometer auf der Grundlage des Kugel-Messsystems ermöglichen die Ermittlung von mehreren Fließparametern in frischen, ungestörten Zementleimen oder Selbstverdichtenden Mörtel. Durch geeignete Wahl des Messprofils können mit diesem Messsystem in kurzer Zeit genaue Informationen über das Fließverhalten ermittelt werden. In den hier beschriebenen Studien wurde das Kugel-Messsystem für Selbstverdichtende Betone adaptiert und an seine speziellen Randbedingungen angepasst. Bei der Messung kamen zwei grundlegende Messprofile zum Einsatz: Beim ersten Messprofil wurde ein Rampenprofil mit zu- und abnehmender Geschwindigkeit vorgegeben und die dazugehörigen Messwerte als Fließkurve dargestellt. Beim zweiten Messprofil wurde eine konstante Geschwindigkeit vorgegeben und die dabei ermittelte Schubspannung über den Messzeitraum bzw. über den zurückgelegten Weg der Kugel abgebildet. Als Resultat konnten die Fließgrenze und die Viskosität ausgewertet werden. Mit unterschiedlichen Messprofilen und den damit verbundenen unterschiedlichen Auswertungen wurden unterschiedlich definierte Fließgrenzen ermittelt und einander gegenübergestellt. Um den Zusammenhang mit dem Setzfließmaß und der Trichterauslaufzeit darzulegen, wurde das modifizierte Kugel-Messsystem anhand mehrerer SVBRezepturen verifiziert. Für die Bewertung des Fließverhaltens wurde jeder Abschnitt der Messkurven betrachtet und diskutiert. Um die Ergebnisse einordnen und mit anderen Rheometern vergleichen zu können, wurden aus den gemessenen Werten die rheologisch genormten Einheiten berechnet. Neben der Berechnung dieser genormten Einheiten, die in dieser V Arbeit kontrovers diskutiert wird, wurde auch das Strömungsverhalten der Kugel beim Durchfahren des Betons beobachtet und beschrieben. Ein weiterer wesentlicher Aspekt war die Betrachtung der Geschwindigkeit, mit der die Kugel durch den Beton fährt. Diese Geschwindigkeit hat einen beträchtlichen Einfluss auf die Ergebnisse der Messung. Bei zu geringer Geschwindigkeit konnte weder eine Fließkurve noch der Verlauf der Schubspannung bei konstanter Geschwindigkeit erzeugt werden. Bei zu hoher Geschwindigkeit war dagegen, zu Beginn der Messung eine zusätzliche Widerstandskraft infolge der hohen Beschleunigung der Kugel zu verzeichnen. Neben der Geschwindigkeit war auch der Strukturaufbau nach einer Ruhezeit von Bedeutung. Beobachtet wurde das Verhalten nach einer, drei, fünf, zehn und 20 Minuten. Es konnte beobachtet werden, dass es infolge der Hydratation und unterschiedlicher Wechselwirkungskräfte zu einem Strukturaufbau kommt, der sich deutlich auf die gemessenen Fließgrenzen (insbesondere die Statische Fließgrenze) und die Viskosität auswirkt. Die Reproduzierbarkeit der Ergebnisse wurde anhand unterschiedlicher Betonrezepturen und Wiederholungsversuchen gezeigt. Ein besonderes Augenmerk lag dabei in der Betrachtung eines variierenden Wassergehalts bei gleichbleibender Rezeptur. Mit dem modifizierten Kugel-Messsystem war es möglich, bereits geringe Wassergehaltsschwankungen (3 bis 5 l/m³) verlässlich zu erfassen. Das Messgerät wurde schließlich mit der Vane-Zelle und dem Platte/Platte-Messsystem verglichen. Ein direkter Vergleich der Messwerte war jedoch schwierig, da den drei Geräten unterschiedliche Messsysteme zugrunde liegen. Auch die Umrechnung der Messwerte in genormte rheologische Einheiten ist von Messgerät zu Messgerät unterschiedlich und die Ergebnisse somit nicht identisch. Ein Vergleich war aus diesem Grund nur qualitativ möglich. In dieser Arbeit konnte gezeigt werden, dass es möglich ist, mit einem Messgerät auf Grundlage der exzentrisch rotierenden Kugel, die rheologischen Eigenschaften Selbstverdichtender Betone zu bewerten. Dabei wurden die Bedingungen einer langsamen Schergeschwindigkeit und der Messung in frischem Beton eingehalten. Y1 - 2014 UR - https://www.baustoffe.ruhr-uni-bochum.de/bs/mam/content/dissertation_florian_fleischmann.pdf CY - Bochum ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schiegl, Corina A1 - Schroll-Decker, Irmgard A1 - Kurbel, Matthias T1 - Potenzial trotz schwerer Krankheit : Übergangswohnform zur außerklinischen Beatmungsentwöhnung eröffnet Option zur Selbstbestimmung JF - Forum Sozialarbeit + Gesundheit N2 - Selbstbestimmung gilt als wesentlicher Wert in der Sozialen Arbeit. Wenn Menschen ihre Bedürfnisse kennen und äußern können, trägt dies zum Wohlbefinden bei und steigert die subjektive Lebensqualität. Die Interventionen Sozialer Arbeit sollen es daher ermöglichen, dass Menschen über ihre eigenen Lebensbedingungen Kontrolle erhalten. Wie gestaltet sich aber die Selbstbestimmung bei einer Intensivpflegebedürftigkeit? Dieser Beitrag thematisiert, wie schwer erkrankte Menschen, die beispielsweise von einem Beatmungsgerät abhängig sind, ihre Selbstbestimmung verstehen. Anhand der Ergebnisse einer qualitativen Studie wird gezeigt, welche Aspekte von Selbstbestimmung bei schwersten krankheitsbedingten Einschränkungen individuell priorisiert werden. KW - Selbstbestimmung, außerklinisches Weaning Y1 - 2026 VL - 31 IS - 1 PB - utb CY - Stuttgart ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schroll-Decker, Irmgard T1 - Stephan Rixen / Eva Maria Welskop-Deffaa (Hrsg.): Klimasozialpolitik. Der Klimaschutz-Beschluss des Bundesverfassungsgerichts und seine Folgen JF - Socialnet Rezensionen Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.socialnet.de/rezensionen/30406.php PB - Socialnet GmbH CY - Bonn ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schroll-Decker, T1 - Michael Weber: Werkstätten für behinderte Menschen - Inklusionshemmnis oder Weg zur Teilhabe? JF - Socialnet Rezensionen Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.socialnet.de/rezensionen/30037.php PB - Socialnet GmbH CY - Bonn ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schroll-Decker, Irmgard T1 - Christina Hansen, Kathrin Plank (Hrsg.): Im Zwiegespräch mit Janusz Korczak. Was wir im Europa des 21. Jahrhunderts vom „Weltenwanderer, Tabubrecher und Kräftezähmer“ lernen können JF - Socialnet Rezensionen Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.socialnet.de/rezensionen/32917.php PB - Socialnet GmbH CY - Bonn ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wolfgramm, Alex A1 - Abb, Valerius A1 - Samp, Artur A1 - Samp, Rafal A1 - Hoffmann, Jens Christoph A1 - Müller, Rainer A1 - Kammler, Martin T1 - Structural and functional evolution of HKUST-1 nanoparticles induced by ball milling JF - Next Materials N2 - In this study, the effect of post-synthetic ball milling on the structural and functional properties of as-synthesized nanoparticles of the copper-based metal-organic framework (MOF) HKUST-1 was investigated for the first time. Nanoparticles were synthesized using sodium formate as a capping agent. The crystalline particles were subjected to a controlled ball milling process, which induced significant structural changes. Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) revealed a reduction in crystallite size from 91 nm to 21 nm and the introduction of microstrain, partially disrupting the MOF's long-range crystalline order, as evidenced by peak broadening and the diminished intensity of high-angle reflections. Particle morphology pre- and post-milling was further studied with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging, verifying a narrow particle size distribution of ± 22 nm after milling. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) indicated protonation of carboxylate groups in the larger pores of the framework, likely due to moisture incorporation during milling. Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis showed a substantial decrease in specific surface area from 521 m²/g to 226 m²/g, suggesting a partial collapse of the porous framework. We discuss the applicability of ball milling as a versatile means of post-synthetic approach to reduce MOF particle sizes, a key element in the preparation of MOF-based thin films using inks or polymers. KW - Ball milling KW - Copper-based metal-organic framework KW - HKUST-1 KW - Nitrogen adsorption Y1 - 2026 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nxmate.2025.101544 N1 - Corresponding author der OTH Regensburg: Alex Wolfgramm VL - 10 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schumm, Leon A1 - Haas, Jannik A1 - Peer, Rebecca A1 - Sterner, Michael T1 - The role of hydrogen offtaker regulation in highly renewable electricity systems JF - Energy N2 - The growing demand for green hydrogen necessitates a rapid scale-up of production and exports to meet decarbonization targets globally. However, current ramp-up efforts remain insufficient, calling for policies that unlock the potential of hydrogen as a low-carbon energy carrier. A key lever is the offtaker regulation, which impacts the pace and sustainability of export projects. This study investigates minimum renewable share requirements for hydrogen exports in countries with high renewable electricity shares. Using New Zealand as a case study, we develop a fully sector-coupled capacity expansion and dispatch model, integrating hydrogen and electricity network planning based on PyPSA-Earth. The model optimizes New Zealand’s energy system under varying export scenarios, renewable electricity shares, and resulting system impacts. We find that domestic electricity demand and renewable expansion rates dominate long-term outcomes, while progressive regulation enables short-term hydrogen and Power-to-X exports. Relaxing the renewable threshold from 80% to 60% triples export volumes from 2.5 TWh to 8.2 TWh by 2030. We propose a two-stage requirement: an initially progressive threshold to attract investment with low consequential emissions, followed by stricter regulation to prevent high emissions, rising domestic electricity prices, and declining hydrogen competitiveness. This framework, demonstrated for New Zealand, can guide hydrogen-exporting countries worldwide. KW - Climate neutrality KW - e-fuels KW - Emission intensity KW - Energy systems modelling KW - Hydrogen exports KW - Hydrogen offtaker regulation KW - Power-to-X Y1 - 2026 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2025.139513 N1 - Corresponding author der OTH Regensburg: Leon Schumm VL - 342 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Afanasev, Anna A1 - Höfer, Philipp A1 - Holtmannspötter, Jens A1 - Zimmer, Felix A1 - Ehrlich, Ingo T1 - Development of a continuous fiber-reinforced 3D printing process with a 6-axis robot arm: Process design and equipment JF - The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology N2 - The utilisation of 3D printing processes in the fabrication of continuous fiber-reinforced composites confers a multitude of advantages, in particular flexible design based on structural requirements. In order to achieve greater flexibility, there is a necessity for 3D printing systems that allow for customisable material selection and fiber positioning. This paper presents the design of a robot-based 3D printing system that incorporates an in-situ impregnation line and flexibility regarding the machine code generation for fiber positioning. The development of the system enabled the attainment of an average fiber volume content of up to 37.12%. In the tensile tests, material characteristics up to E1 = 24.7 GPa and strength of up to RM1 = 0.51 GPa were determined. Y1 - 2026 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-025-17263-3 SN - 0268-3768 N1 - Corresponding author der OTH Regensburg: Anna Afanasev PB - Springer ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Heinz, Florian A1 - Schildgen, Johannes T1 - Experience Report: Hey LLM, Generate SQL! JF - Datenbank-Spektrum N2 - Large Language Models have advanced to a resourceful tool with many applications. One particularly interesting use case is the LLM-aided generation of ad-hoc database queries and the possibility of subsequent processing of the results in a way suiting the users intents. In this article, practical ways and experiences are described on how to effectively use LLMs to map a natural-language user query to an SQL query conforming to a specific database schema and post-processing the results of this query in order to, for example, create an appealing visualization. Best results are achieved under favorable circumstances, as, for example, a clean and meaningful named database schema. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s13222-025-00512-w N1 - Corresponding author der OTH Regensburg: Florian Heinz VL - 25 IS - 2 SP - 95 EP - 101 PB - Springer CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Korzec, Dariusz A1 - Freund, Florian A1 - Doelfs, Isabelle A1 - Zacherl, Florian A1 - Kudala, Lucas A1 - Rabl, Hans-Peter T1 - Low-Current High-Voltage Pulsed Atmospheric Arc Plasma Jet: Nanoparticle Emission from the Cathodic Spot JF - Plasma N2 - The atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) is a popular type of cold atmospheric plasma (CAP). APPJs based on a pulsed atmospheric arc (PAA) are widely spread in industrial processing. A plasma jet of this type, PlasmaBrush PB3 (PB3), is a subject of diverse research activities. The characteristic feature of PB3 is the generation of a low-current (300 mA), high-voltage (1500 V) pulsed (54 kHz) atmospheric arc. A gas flow vortex is used to stabilize the arc and to sustain the circular motion of the cathodic arc foot. During long periods of operation, nozzles acting as arc discharge cathodes erode. Part of the eroded material is emitted as nanoparticles (NPs). These NPs are not wanted in many processing applications. Knowledge of the number, type, and size distribution of emitted NPs is essential to minimize their emissions. In this study, NPs in the size range of 6 to 220 nm, emitted from four different nozzles operated with PB3, are investigated. The differences between the nozzles are in the eroded surface material (copper, tungsten, and nickel), the diameter of the nozzle orifice, the length of the discharge channel, and the position of the cathodic arc foot. Significant differences in the particle size distribution (PSD) and particle mass distribution (PMD) of emitted NPs are observed depending on the type and condition of the nozzle and their operating time. Monomodal and bimodal PMD models are used to approximate emissions from the nozzles with tungsten and copper cores, respectively. The skew-normal distribution function is deemed suitable. The results of this study can be used to control NP emissions, both to avoid them and to utilize them intentionally. KW - arc discharge KW - atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) KW - cathode erosion KW - cathodic spot KW - electrode erosion KW - low-current high-voltage pulsed atmospheric arc KW - nanoparticles KW - particle mass distribution (PMD) KW - particle number distribution (PND) KW - pulsed atmospheric arc (PAA) Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/plasma8040044 N1 - This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in Plasma Sciences 2025 VL - 8 IS - 4 PB - MDPI ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fillenberg, Barbara A1 - Reismann, Lydia A1 - Jochem, Carmen A1 - Pröhmer, Rahel A1 - de Ponte, Ulrike T1 - Planetare Gesundheit erfordert vernetztes Denken: ein blinder Fleck in der Bloomʼschen Lernzieltaxonomie? JF - Zeitschrift für Hebammenwissenschaft Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s44476-025-00015-3 VL - 13 IS - 2 SP - 74 EP - 78 PB - Springer CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Dünnweber, Jan A1 - Lorenz, Marcel A1 - Bräu, Fabian A1 - Saito, Hiroshi A1 - Melzer, Matthias T1 - Driving out the Bears from the Suburbs by Means of Location Theory and Intelligent Agents T2 - Proceedings of the ACM 12th International Conference on Animal-Computer Interaction, ACI 2025: The International Conference on Animal-Computer Interaction ; Indiana USA ; 01-04.12.2025 N2 - Due to the recent surge in bear attacks, affected municipalities have taken various measures to drive out the intruders. Political considerations include, in many places, the expansion of shooting permits. More and more regional governmental authorities invest in technologies for efficient bear hunting, such as IP cameras and computer vision. From an ecological perspective, such procedures, which are all solely aimed at decreasing the bear population, are questionable, since ecosystems can benefit from a peaceful coexistence of bears with humans: Bears remove animal carcasses and thus return vital nutrients to the soil and prevent the spread of diseases. Moreover, the bears keep the deer population in check, which is advantageous for the forest vegetation. Conflicts start, once the bears intrude populated areas, which are often rural villages and suburbs with a low population density. Naturally, bears do not see humans as prey and respect their size. When the animal attacks, this happens rather for territorial or protective reasons, e. g., after an unexpected encounter with humans unsettled it. In this work, we analyze means to eradicate the danger: We dynamically apply Weiszfeld’s algorithm for finding the shifting geometric median between time-windowed black bear sightings and use the results for implementing an early warning system. In addition, we weigh the spotted locations and predict the expected migration behavior between bear habitats using a simulation with intelligent agents. As a case study, we apply our software to data from Romania and Fukushima and identify the positions where bear repelling facilities should be placed most effectively. Y1 - 2025 SN - 9798400721236 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1145/3768539.3768546 PB - ACM CY - New York, NY, USA ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Lehmann, Lukas A1 - Herrmann, David A1 - Schaeffer, Leon A1 - Albaik, Mohammed A1 - Müller, Emily A1 - Rizzello, Gianluca A1 - Böhm, Valter T1 - Biomimetic Auxetic Compliant Tensegrity Metamaterial with Tunable Poisson's Ratio for the Application as a Soft Robotic Skin T2 - 2025 IEEE International Conference on Cyborg and Bionic Systems (CBS), Beijing, China ;10/17/2025 - 10/19/2025 N2 - The use of compliant tensegrity grids offers significant potential for adaptive and lightweight systems for applications in soft robotics. This paper presents foundational investigations into a new class of auxetic tensegrity metamaterials. This work demonstrates that the auxetic behavior of a tensegrity grid can be realized and tuned solely through the mechanical properties of tensioned members, without altering the equilibrium geometry, offering a key advantage over conventional auxetic structures with fixed topologies. To validate the concept, 3D-printed demonstrators are manufactured, tested and a possible application as a cylindrically shaped soft robotic skin is shown. Y1 - 2025 SN - 979-8-3315-9742-9 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/CBS65871.2025.11267590 SP - 188 EP - 193 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Nadimpalli, Vamsi Krishna A1 - Maier, Robert A1 - Staufer, Susanne A1 - Röhrl, Simon A1 - Ezer, Timur A1 - Grabinger, Lisa A1 - Hauser, Florian A1 - Mottok, Jürgen ED - Gómez Chova, Luis ED - González Martínez, Chelo ED - Lees, Joanna T1 - EXPERT SURVEYS TO REAL TIME ADAPTATION OF LEARNING PATHS T2 - ICERI2025 Proceedings N2 - Learning management systems rely on adaptive algorithms that use learner preferences to personalize the instructional content in form of learning paths. However, these preferences are uncertain in nature, and change over time. The present solutions are either static or purely data-driven missing the dynamic adaption to changes in the preferences and infusion of pedagogical nuances respectively. This paper introduces an extended variant of Nestor, our Bayesian network engine that models personality traits, learning styles, and learning strategies. This extension overlays a lightweight rule-based mechanism whose “secret recipe’’ lies in the infusion of expert-derived weights adapting learning paths dynamically whenever a learner selects new material in Moodle. To parameterise these rules, we conducted a structured survey with 12 hand-picked professors and researchers in educational science. Each expert responded to 4 demographic items and 12 item that are distributed across algorithm-overview, scenario-based, and example-based categories, thereby supplying the nuanced weightings that result the personalised recommendations. This hybrid system (Nestor plus the expert-infused rule layer) operated during the winter term of 2025. 18 students completed an end-of-term questionnaire. Although their learning gains were not recorded, the majority of respondents reported positive or neutral experiences with the dynamically adapted learning paths. The {Future work} will compare three engines: (i) the present dynamic, expert-infused rule layer on top of the static Bayesian network, (ii) purely data-driven machine-learning models that neglect expert weighting, and (iii) the original static-adaptation Bayesian network without rules. Analyses of log files, intermediate satisfaction surveys, and pre/post term surveys will clarify whether this on-the-fly adaptation and pedagogical nuance lead to measurable learning benefits. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.21125/iceri.2025.1571 SP - 5677 EP - 5687 PB - IATED ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schaffer, Josefa A1 - Ezer, Timur A1 - Röhrl, Simon A1 - Hauser, Florian A1 - Staufer, Susanne A1 - Nadimpalli, Vamsi Krishna A1 - Grabinger, Lisa A1 - Antoni, Erika A1 - Mottok, Jürgen ED - Gómez Chova, Luis ED - González Martínez, Chelo ED - Lees, Joanna T1 - EYE TRACKING GLASSES IN EDUCATIONAL SETTINGS: GUIDELINES ON DATA QUALITY T2 - ICERI2025 Proceedings N2 - Eye movement modeling examples, so-called EMME videos, are a valuable tool in education, helping learners better understand instructional content. Like conventional educational videos, EMME videos combine text, images, and voiceovers. However, they also display the instructor’s or teacher’s gaze, guiding learners attention to key elements. Although various approaches exist for creating EMME videos, there is currently no standardised guideline for ensuring gaze data quality. Eye tracking technology is essential to capture gaze behaviour, and in educational settings without a fixed computer monitor – such as when using blackboards or conducting live experiments – the usage of mobile eye tracking glasses is beneficial. An accuracy study is conducted using mobile eye tracking glasses to provide empirical guidance for the development of high-quality educational EMME videos and ensure that the instructor’s or teacher’s gaze is captured with high precision. The study uses the Tobii Pro Glasses 3 and involves a static and a dynamic setup with 34 participants. To gain insight into the effects of visual impairments on accuracy, we also include participants who wear contact lenses. In the static setup, participants are seated at a desk with a headrest and focus on a poster with nine fixation points. In the dynamic setup, participants are walking in a controlled half-circle around the poster while maintaining focus on its centre. Each setup is performed multiple times under varying lighting levels (300 lux, 700 lux) and distances between participant and poster (80 cm, 120 cm, 180 cm). This enables the simulation of diverse educational environments, including the possibility of a teacher’s or instructor’s movement. The study results will be evaluated regarding lighting conditions, the distance between the person wearing eye tracking glasses and the object, and possible influences of contact lenses. Based on these findings, favourable conditions for creating EMME videos in educational settings are collected, especially when working without a fixed computer monitor. The results address the outlined research gap by providing instructors and teachers with guidelines enabling them to produce high-quality educational EMME videos. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.21125/iceri.2025.1419 SP - 5027 EP - 5038 PB - IATED ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Kart, Mehmet A1 - Zimmer, Veronika ED - Arslan, Emre ED - Bozay, Kemal T1 - Antimuslimische Einstellungen junger Menschen in Deutschland: Erkenntnisse aus einer bundesweiten Befragung T2 - Symbolische Ordnung und Rassismuskritik N2 - In den letzten Jahrzehnten hat die zunehmende Pluralisierung der Gesellschaft zu intensiven Debatten über kulturelle, religiöse und nationale Identitäten geführt. Studien zeigen eine Zunahme demokratiefeindlicher Einstellungen in der deutschen Gesellschaft. Insbesondere Muslim:innen und Menschen, die als solche wahrgenommen werden, sind von Vorurteilen betroffen, die durch rechtspopulistische Narrative verstärkt werden. Dabei wird auch die Bedeutung der symbolischen Macht nach Bourdieu deutlich. Bestehende Hierarchien und Stereotypen führen zu sozialer Ausgrenzung und Diskriminierung von Muslim:innen. Die symbolische Gewalt manifestiert sich in rassistischen Strukturen und islamfeindlichen Demonstrationen. Dieser Beitrag präsentiert Ergebnisse einer Befragung zu antimuslimischen Einstellungen junger Menschen zwischen 16 und 27 Jahren in Deutschland. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass antimuslimische Einstellungen durch intensiven Kontakt mit Muslim:innen verringert werden können, insbesondere durch interethnische Freundschaften. Auf Basis der Kontakthypothese wird betont, dass freiwillige, gleichberechtigte Begegnungen in einem kooperativen Kontext Vorurteile abbauen können. Somit zeigt die Studie die Notwendigkeit auf, interkulturelle Begegnungen und Bildungsmaßnahmen zu fördern, um gegenseitiges Verständnis zu stärken. Zudem wird die Bedeutung von sicheren Räumen und Empowerment für junge Muslim:innen hervorgehoben, um ihre Partizipation und Selbstwirksamkeit zu fördern. Y1 - 2026 SN - 978-3-658-48145-2 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-48146-9_6 SP - 113 EP - 149 PB - Springer CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Alhulaibi, Ayham A1 - Frauenschläger, Tobias A1 - Mottok, Jürgen T1 - Towards Post-Quantum-Ready Automated Certificate Lifecycle Management in Operational Technology T2 - SECURWARE 2025, The Nineteenth International Conference on Emerging Security Information, Systems and Technologies, 26.-30.10.2025, Barcelona N2 - Operational Technology (OT) systems increasingly depend on robust and automated certificate lifecycle management to maintain secure operations across long device lifespans and constrained environments. As quantum-capable adversaries emerge, these systems must also support cryptographic agility and prepare for a seamless transition to Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC). This work presents a crypto-agile, post-quantum-ready testbed architecture that extends existing standards, such as Enrollment over Secure Transport (EST) and Bootstrapping Remote Secure Key Infrastructure (BRSKI), to support hybrid certificates, hardware-based key storage, and protocol flexibility for device bootstrapping and certificate management. A work-in-progress prototype implementation demonstrates support for both traditional and PQC algorithms across device types. Planned evaluations target performance on constrained devices, PQC readiness, and compatibility with alternative protocols. The system lays a foundation for secure and standards-compliant certificate management in future-proof OT deployments. KW - Automated Device Onboarding KW - BRSKI KW - Operational Technology Security. KW - Post-Quantum Cryptography KW - Public Key Infrastructure KW - Security Token Y1 - 2025 UR - https://www.thinkmind.org/library/SECURWARE/SECURWARE_2025 SN - 978-1-68558-306-4 SP - 112 EP - 116 PB - IARIA ER - TY - GEN A1 - Adler, Ina A1 - Förstl, Nikolas A1 - Čechová, Hana A1 - Nováček, Vít A1 - Süß, Franz A1 - Dendorfer, Sebastian T1 - Mechanistic analysis of pelvic floor functionality using musculoskeletal simulation T2 - ISB 2025 - The XXX Congress of the International Society of Biomechanics, 27-31 July 2025, Stockholm N2 - There is consensus that knowledge about the fundamentals of the pelvic floor remains incomplete, particularly regarding the sensitivity of individual pelvic floor muscles to posture variations. This study aimed to investigate the effects of variations in pelvic tilt and the point of force application induced by changes in posture on pelvic floor activity using musculoskeletal simulation. A parameter study analysed various loading cases, highlighting the coherent response of individual pelvic floor muscles to loads. Muscle activities and forces were compared across different force application points and pelvic tilt angles. A key finding was identifying peak muscle activity conditions that could help better understand the causes of pelvic floor disorders. Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-87294 ER - TY - INPR A1 - Cenko, Egidia A1 - Weimann, Thure Georg A1 - Raptis, Georgios T1 - Navigating the DiGA Jungle: A Taxonomy and Archetypal Framework of the German Digital Therapeutics Landscape N2 - Digital therapeutics (DTx) are patient-facing apps designed to support individuals in their daily lives. Therefore, they have thepotential to revolutionize healthcare by empowering and engaging patients to become active players in their own care. Despitethe increasing adoption of DTx in national healthcare systems, research on their design remains limited. The present studyintroduces “DiGATax”, a taxonomy designed to categorize and analyze DTx, including perspectives on content, interventiondelivery logic and technology, as well as the patient’s interface, consolidating and expanding upon prior taxonomic work.Based on n = 44 applications retrieved from the German DiGA directory that demonstrated positive health outcomes, thetaxonomy is supported by empirical evidence. Additionally, the study contributes by presenting an archetype frameworkof DTx derived from a taxonomy-based cluster analysis. Further analyses offer insights into specific combinations of DTxcharacteristics across archetypes, the user interface as a key factor in their acceptance, and potential links between DTxdesign and health-related and user engagement outcomes. By offering new insights into DTx design, this study contributestowards more organized research and reporting, ultimately paving the way for the development of effective solutions. It alsomarks a further step towards Meta-DTx, which aim to align patient care for multimorbid patients under one umbrella. KW - Archetypes KW - Digital Behavior Change Interventions KW - Digital Therapeutics KW - mHealth KW - Taxonomy Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.64898/2025.12.30.25343225 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Höß, Nicole A1 - Mauerer, Wofgang T1 - Generative KI: Vom technologischen Paradigmenwechsel zur Vision einer neuen Ära im Straßenverkehr JF - Straßenverkehrstechnik N2 - Generative Künstliche Intelligenz (KI) geht bereits mit enormen Effizienzsteigerungen für Domänen einher, die von Kreativität profitieren. Die Fähigkeit, beliebig viele realitätsnahe Daten zu synthetisieren, bietet jedoch auch neue Potenziale für Anwendungen, die bisher aufgrund fehlender Datenmengen noch nicht den Sprung in die Praxis überwunden haben. Im Straßenverkehr betrifft dies z. B. das autonome Fahren in herausfordernden Situationen. Um neue Anwendungspotenziale zu erschließen, ist es allerdings erforderlich, die grundlegende Funktionsweise der Technologie gepaart mit ihren Chancen und Herausforderungen zu verstehen. Dieser Fachbeitrag dient deshalb als erste Einführung in die generative KI, indem er einen Überblick über zentrale Modelle, ihre grundlegenden Ideen und Funktionsweisen gibt. Darauf basierend werden typische Problemarten aufgezeigt, die mit generativer KI neu betrachtet und besser gelöst werden können – allgemein und spezifisch für den Straßenverkehr. Unter gleichzeitiger Betrachtung derzeitiger Limitierungen dient der Beitrag als Entscheidungshilfe für die Selektion passender generativer oder klassischer KI-Verfahren. N2 - Generative artificial intelligence (AI) is associated with enormous increases in efficiency for domains that benefit from creativity. However, the ability to synthesize any amount of realistic data also offers new potential for applications that have not yet made the leap into practice due to a lack of data. In road traffic, for example, this applies to autonomous driving in challenging situations. However, in order to unlock new application potential, it is necessary to understand the basic functioning of the technology coupled with its opportunities and challenges. This article therefore serves as a gentle introduction to generative AI by providing an overview of central models, their fundamental ideas and function. Based on this, we present typical problem types that can be revisited and profit from generative AI – in general and specifically for road traffic. While at the same time considering current limitations, the article serves as a decision support for the selection of suitable generative or classic AI methods. T2 - Generative AI: From a technological paradigm shift to a vision of a new era in road transport Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.53184/SVT4-2025-2 VL - 6 IS - 4 SP - 247 EP - 252 PB - Kirschbaum Verlag GmbH ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schönberger, Manuel A1 - Trummer, Immanuel A1 - Mauerer, Wolfgang T1 - Large-Scale Multiple Query Optimisation with Incremental Quantum(-Inspired) Annealing T2 - Proceedings of the ACM on Management of Data N2 - Multiple-query optimization (MQO) seeks to reduce redundant work across query batches. While MQO offers opportunities for dramatic performance improvements, the problem is NP-hard, limiting the sizes of problems that can be solved on generic hardware. We propose to leverage specialized hardware solvers for optimization, such as Fujitsu's Digital Annealer (DA), to scale up MQO to problem sizes formerly out of reach. We present a novel incremental processing approach that combines classical computation with DA acceleration. By efficiently partitioning MQO problems into sets of partial problems, and by applying a dynamic search steering strategy that reapplies initially discarded information to incrementally process individual problems, our method overcomes capacity limitations, and scales to extremely large MQO instances (up to νm1000 queries). A thorough and comprehensive empirical evaluation finds our method substantially outperforms existing approaches. Our generalisable framework lays the ground for other database use-cases on quantum-inspired hardware, and bridges towards future quantum accelerators. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1145/3749171 VL - 3 IS - 4 PB - ACM ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Mauerer, Wolfgang ED - Ali, Shaukat ED - Barzen, Johanna ED - Delgado, Andrea ED - Müller, Hausi A. ED - Murillo, Juan Manuel T1 - Quantum Software = Quantum minus Software? T2 - Dagstuhl Reports : Quantum Software Engineering : Report from Dagsthul Seminar 24512 N2 - The Dagstuhl Seminar 24512 on "Quantum Software Engineering" was held from December 15 to 20, 2024. It brought together 26 participants from industry and academia from 13 different countries, including senior and junior researchers as well as practitioners in the field of Quantum Software Engineering. The aim of the seminar was to advance software engineering methods and tools for the engineering of hybrid quantum systems by promoting personal interaction and open discussion among researchers who are already working in this emerging area of knowledge. The first day of the seminar was devoted to the topic "When software engineering meets quantum mechanics", while the second day focused on "Quantum software engineering and its challenges." During both days, 16 invited presentations were given. The rest of the seminar was organized into three working groups to address the topics "Quantum Software Design, Modelling and Architecturing", "Adaptive Hybrid Quantum Systems", and "Quantum Software Quality Assurance". The seminar was a very fruitful experience for all participants both in terms of scientific outcomes and in terms of the personal relationships that were generated to jointly address future experiences. Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-230469 VL - 14 IS - 12 SP - 73 EP - 74 PB - Dagstuhl Publishing ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Krüger, Tom A1 - Mauerer, Wolfgang T1 - Out of the Loop: Structural Approximation of Optimisation Landscapes and non-Iterative Quantum Optimisation JF - Quantum N2 - The Quantum Approximate Optimisation Algorithm (QAOA) is a widely studied quantum-classical iterative heuristic for combinatorial optimisation. While QAOA targets problems in complexity class NP, the classical optimisation procedure required in every iteration is itself known to be NP-hard. Still, advantage over classical approaches is suspected for certain scenarios, but nature and origin of its computational power are not yet satisfactorily understood. By introducing means of efficiently and accurately approximating the QAOA optimisation landscape from solution space structures, we derive a new algorithmic variant of unit-depth QAOA for two-level Hamiltonians (including all problems in NP): Instead of performing an iterative quantum-classical computation for each input instance, our non-iterative method is based on a quantum circuit that is instance-independent, but problem-specific. It matches or outperforms unit-depth QAOA for key combinatorial problems, despite reduced computational effort. Our approach is based on proving a long-standing conjecture regarding instance-independent structures in QAOA. By ensuring generality, we link existing empirical observations on QAOA parameter clustering to established approaches in theoretical computer science, and provide a sound foundation for understanding the link between structural properties of solution spaces and quantum optimisation. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2025-11-06-1903 N1 - Die Preprint-Version ist ebenfalls in diesem Repositorium verzeichnet unter: https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-oth-regensburg/frontdoor/index/index/start/2/rows/10/sortfield/score/sortorder/desc/searchtype/simple/query/Out+of+the+Loop/docId/7938 VL - 9 PB - Verein zur Förderung des Open Access Publizierens in den Quantenwissenschaften ER - TY - INPR A1 - Köster, Dominik A1 - Porkert, Florian A1 - Volbert, Klaus T1 - Multi-Day Scheduling for Electric Vehicle Routing: A Novel Model and Comparison Of Metaheuristics N2 - The increasing use of electric vehicles (EVs) requires efficient route planning solutions that take into account the limited range of EVs and the associated charging times, as well as the different types of charging stations. In this work, we model and solve an electric vehicle routing problem (EVRP) designed for a cross-platform navigation system for individual transport. The aim is to provide users with an efficient route for their daily appointments and to reduce possible inconveniences caused by charging their EV. Based on these assumptions, we propose a multi-day model in the form of a mixed integer programming (MIP) problem that takes into account the vehicle's battery capacity and the time windows of user's appointments. The model is solved using various established metaheuristics, including tabu search (TS), adaptive large neighborhood search (ALNS), and ant colony optimization (ACO). Furthermore, the performance of the individual approaches is analyzed using generated ensembles to estimate their behavior in reality and is compared with the exact results of the Google OR-Tools solver. 6 pages, 5 figures KW - Charging stations KW - Electric vehicles KW - Metaheuristics KW - Smart cities KW - Vehicle routing Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2512.21346 ER -