TY - GEN A1 - Gegenfurtner, Andreas A1 - Boucheix, Jean-Michel A1 - Gruber, Hans A1 - Hauser, Florian A1 - Lehtinen, Erno A1 - Lowe, Richard K. T1 - Der Gaze Relational Index als Indikator visueller Expertise T2 - 51. Kongress der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Psychologie : 15. bis 20. September 2018, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Campus Westend N2 - Eye tracking is a powerful technique that helps reveal how people process visual information. This paper discusses a novel metric for indicating expertise in visual information processing. Named the Gaze Relational Index (GRI), this metric is defined as the ratio of mean fixation duration to fixation count. Data from two eye-tracking studies of professional vision and visual expertise in using 3D dynamic medical visualizations are presented as cases to illustrate the suitability and additional benefits of the GRI. Calculated values of the GRI were higher for novices than for experts, and higher in non-representative, semi-familiar / unfamiliar task conditions than in domain-representative familiar tasks. These differences in GRI suggest that, compared to novices, experts engaged in more knowledge-driven, top-down processing that was characterized by quick, exploratory visual search. We discuss future research aiming to replicate the GRI in professional domains with complex visual stimuli and to identify the moderating role of cognitive ability on GRI estimates. Y1 - 2020 SN - 2573-2773 SP - 402 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hauser, Florian A1 - Gegenfurtner, Andreas A1 - Hutzler, Ivonne A1 - Reuter, Rebecca A1 - Mottok, Jürgen T1 - Eye movement patterns in source code review T2 - EARLI SIG 17 and 25 Biennial Conference 2018, Cambridge, United Kingdom N2 - This study is based on the work of Uwano, Nakamura, Monden and Matsumoto (2006) who tried to identify programmers’ eye movements in source code reviews by using eye tracking technology. The researchers were able to identify certain eye movement patterns but due to the technical limitations of earlier eye tracking systems and a small sample they could not find a valid proof for their existence. Now, twelve years later, the eye tracking technology has made significant improvements and is able to capture programmers’ reading behavior in an unobtrusive and precise way. Now the goal is to verify the described patterns by using eye tracking data from expert and novice programmers. In the experiment they have to detect errors in six different codes and take part in a retrospective interview. At the moment, data collections are ongoing. At the time of the conference, we will present the results of our analyses. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Weilkiens, Tim A1 - Huwaldt, Alexander A1 - Mottok, Jürgen A1 - Roth, Stephan A1 - Willert, Andreas T1 - Modellbasierte Softwareentwicklung für eingebettete Systeme verstehen und anwenden N2 - Die Beherrschung von Komplexität ist eine der größten Engineering-Herausforderungen des 21. Jahrhunderts. Themen wie das „Internet der Dinge“ (IoT) und „Industrie 4.0“ beschleunigen diesen Trend. Die modellgetriebene Entwicklung leistet einen entscheidenden Beitrag, um diesen Herausforderungen erfolgreich begegnen zu können. Die Autoren geben einen fundierten Einstieg und praxisorientierten Überblick über die Modellierung von Software für eingebettete Systeme von den Anforderungen über die Architektur bis zum Design, der Codegenerierung und dem Testen. Für jede Phase werden Paradigmen, Methoden, Techniken und Werkzeuge beschrieben und ihre praktische Anwendung in den Vordergrund gestellt. Darüber hinaus wird auf die Integration von Werkzeugen, funktionale Sicherheit und Metamodellierung eingegangen sowie die Einführung eines modellbasierten Ansatzes in einer Organisation und die Notwendigkeit zum lebenslangen Lernen erläutert. Der Leser erfährt in diesem Buch, wie ein modellbasiertes Vorgehen nutzbringend in der Praxis für die Softwareentwicklung eingesetzt wird. Das Vorgehen wird unabhängig von Modellierungswerkzeugen vorgestellt. Zahlreiche Beispiele – exemplarisch auch auf Basis konkreter Werkzeuge – helfen bei der praktischen Umsetzung. Y1 - 2018 SN - 978-3-86490-524-7 PB - dpunkt.Verlag CY - Heidelberg ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Osinski, Lukas A1 - Langer, Tobias A1 - Schmid, Michael A1 - Mottok, Jürgen T1 - PyFI – Fault Injection Plattform for Real Hardware T2 - 31th International Conference on Architecture of Computing Systems, ARCS Workshop 9-12 April 2018, Braunschweig, Germany N2 - Today, due to the rapidly evolving technology within the automotive industry, the automation level of cars is continuously increasing. As a consequence, the software code base implementing the automated driving functionality is growing in both, complexity and size. Simultaneously, the semiconductor industry continues with structure and voltage downscaling due to diminishing design margins and stringent power constraints. This trend leads to highly integrated hardware on the one hand, whilst provoking an increase in sensitivity against external causes for hardware faults, e.g., radiation effects or electromagnetic interference. Among the available dependability assessment techniques, fault injection (FI) is widely adopted and ISO 26262 strongly recommends applying it to validate, that functional and technical safety mechanisms are implemented correctly and effectively. We present PyFI (Python backend for Fault Injection), a fault injection backend for the Infineon Aurix TriCore which utilizes an iSystem On-chip Analyzer to inject faults into the application data or instructions that are visible at the assembly level. PyFI allows the injection of bit flips and stuck-at faults in memory and register cells of the hardware which trigger our error symptoms on application level. Furthermore, it implements fault collapsing algorithms to reduce the number of faults and the duration for single experiments by gathering statistics about the static and dynamic application execution. Y1 - 2018 UR - https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8385427 SP - 1 EP - 7 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Osinski, Lukas A1 - Langer, Tobias A1 - Mader, Ralph A1 - Mottok, Jürgen T1 - Challenges and Opportunities with Embedded Multicore Platforms BT - Spotlight on Real-Time and Dependability Concepts T2 - 9th European Congress Embedded Real Time Software and Systems (ERTS 2018), January 31st to Febraury 2nd 2018, Toulouse, France Y1 - 2018 UR - https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02156232/ ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Langer, Tobias A1 - Osinski, Lukas A1 - Schmid, Michael A1 - Mottok, Jürgen T1 - Work-in-Progress: Real-Time Scheduling of Parallel Applications with Gang Scheduling T2 - International Conference on Architecture of Computing Systems (ARCS) Workshop, 9-12 April 2018, Braunschweig, Germany N2 - Future embedded systems demand increasingly more computation performance, which can only be provided by exploiting parallelism in real-time applications. Due to scheduling and scalability issues, parallelism still is an open issue especially in hard real-time systems. In this work-in-progress paper, we describe and discuss a hierarchical gang-scheduling based approach to address the scalability issue. We use gang scheduling to schedule tasks consisting of multiple kernel level threads. The execution budget provided by the kernel level threads is used for scheduling of user level threads using a lightweight threading library running in user space. Further, the first steps towards an implementation in the realtime operating system kernel Erika OS are described and possible benefits and risks of this approach are shown. Y1 - 2018 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Soska, Alexander A1 - Mottok, Jürgen ED - Pivec, M. ED - Gründler, J. T1 - An Integrated Puzzle Game for Learning Programming Based on Students Syntactical Errors T2 - 11th European Conference on Game-Based Learning, Oct 5 - Oct 6, 2017, Graz N2 - Practical implementations are important for understanding the concepts and principles of programming. Self-employed coding encourages learners to acquire learning content and fosters the theory-practice transfer. Thereby, the earners face various difficulties and obstacles. Misconceptions and faults accompany the learners’ coding process and result in non-executable coding artefacts. The integrated compiler of programming environments provides information concerning error messages that indicate incorrect coding constructs. Usually due to unspecific and generic formulation, learners find it hard to understand these error messages. Yet these observable errors give valuable information about the learner’s coding behaviour and indicate current problems. These provide a link for adopted and appropriate learning assistance during the coding process. In this work in progress paper, we present first assumptions in assisting learners’ understanding and correction of programming errors by a game-based learning method. Our first approach focuses on the integration of a puzzle game into a programming environment. The game content adjusts to the error messages based on the analysis of the learner’s log file. We suggest that the integration of this approach rises the learner’s motivation to self-employed error handling and the quality of learning programming. Y1 - 2017 PB - Academic Conferences and Publishing International ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hauser, Florian A1 - Reuter, Rebecca A1 - Gegenfurtner, Andreas A1 - Gruber, Hans A1 - Mottok, Jürgen T1 - Eye movements in software modelling – what do they tell us about heuristics T2 - 12th International Conference of Education, Research and Innovation (ICERI 2019), Conference Proceedings, 2019, Seville (Spain) Y1 - 2019 SN - 978-84-09-14755-7 U6 - https://doi.org/10.21125/iceri.2019.1469 SP - 6064 EP - 6070 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Bartel, Alexander A1 - Soska, Alexander A1 - Wolff, Christian A1 - Hagel, Georg A1 - Mottok, Jürgen ED - Burghardt, M. ED - Wimmer, R. ED - Wolff, Christian ED - Womser-Hacker, C. T1 - Entwicklung eines Manifests für spielifizierte Hochschullehre T2 - Mensch und Computer 2017, Tagungsband N2 - In dieser Veröffentlichung präsentieren die Autoren erste Ergebnisse Ihrer Forschungsarbeit an einem Manifest für spielifizierte Hochschullehre. Ausgehend von einer Literaturrecherche über den aktuellen Forschungsstand werden erste Auszüge der aktuellen Arbeit dargestellt, auf deren Basis ein aktiver wissenschaftlicher Diskurs angeregt werden soll. Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.18420/muc2017-mci-0277 SP - 299 EP - 304 CY - Regensburg ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Seidl, M. A1 - Krämer, Stefan A1 - Mottok, Jürgen T1 - Improving the reliability of an embedded real-time system by applying coded processing T2 - 4th Applied Research Conference, 5th July 2014, Ingolstadt Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-3-8440-2875-1 SP - 70 EP - 74 PB - Shaker CY - Aachen ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hansch, G. A1 - Staudte, Ch. A1 - Gerhager, S. A1 - Hackenberg, Rudolf A1 - Mottok, Jürgen ED - Mottok, Jürgen ED - Ziemann, Olaf T1 - Migration path for secure and economic smart power grid devices with transitional smart metering support T2 - Applied Research Conference 2012 (ARC 2012), 25./26. June 2012 Nuremberg Y1 - 2012 SN - 2012 978-3-8440-1093-0 SP - 63 EP - 69 PB - Shaker CY - Aachen ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Tenhagen, Anne A1 - Tißen, Damaris A1 - Fimm, Bruno A1 - Heim, Stefan A1 - Lauer, Norina T1 - Normwerterhebung und Testgütekriterien des Screenings für Auditive Verarbeitungsstörungen nach Lauer bei siebenjährigen Kindern BT - Normative data and scientific quality criteria of the screening for auditory processing disorders of Lauer for 7-year-old-children N2 - Im Rahmen der Diagnostik einer Auditiven Verarbeitungs- und Wahrnehmungsstörung (AVWS) konzipierte Lauer (2014) ein im deutschsprachigen Raum verbreitetes Screening, welches erste Einschätzungen auditiver Teilleistungen bei Kindern zulässt und bei Auffälligkeiten eine weiterführende multiprofessionelle Diagnostik indiziert. Für das Screening wurden in zwei Masterarbeiten (Diesburg, 2017; Tenhagen, 2018) erste Normwerte generiert, die auf den Rohwerten von 200 siebenjährigen Kindern basieren. Sowohl die Einflüsse von Mehrsprachigkeit, Geschlecht und Schulklasse als auch die Reliabilität und Validität des Verfahrens wurden initial überprüft. Die erstellten Normwerttabellen bieten den Durchführen-den einen Vergleich der Testleistungen zu Gleichaltrigen und damit eine sinnvolle Interpretation und höhere Aussagekraft des Screenings. Die Normierung weiterer Altersgruppen wird für die Zukunft empfohlen. N2 - To diagnose auditory processing disorders (APD) Lauer (2014) created a screening for German speaking areas, which allows a first judgement of the auditory perceptual abilities of children and which indicates further multiprofessional diagnostics in case of abnormali-ties. For this screening first normative data of 200 7-year-old children was collected in two master’s theses (Diesburg, 2017; Tenhagen, 2018). Furthermore, the influence of multilin-gualism, sex and school class and the reliability and validity of the screening was initially checked. The standard value tables will allow a comparison with peers and by that a logi-cal interpretation and better evidence of the screening is given. The standardization of further age groups is recommended for the future. KW - Wahrnehmungsstörung KW - Screening KW - Teilleistung KW - Diagnostik KW - Normierung KW - Auditive Verarbeitungsstörung KW - Auditive Verarbeitungs- und Wahrnehmungsstörung KW - auditory processing disorder KW - standardization Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-14629 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Aurbach, Maximilian A1 - Jungtäubl, Dominik A1 - Spicka, Jan A1 - Dendorfer, Sebastian T1 - EMG-based validation of musculoskeletal models considering crosstalk T2 - World Congress Biomechanics, 28-30 June 2018, Dublin N2 - BACKGROUND: Validation and verification of multibody musculoskeletal models sEMG is a difficult process because of the reliability of sEMG data and the complex relationship of muscle force and sEMG. OBJECTIVE: This work aims at comparing experimentally recorded and simulated muscle activities considering a numerical model for crosstalk. METHODS: For providing an experimentally derived reference data set, subjects were performing elevations of the arm, where the activities of the contemplated muscle groups were measured by sEMG sensors. Computed muscle activities were further processed and transformed into an artificial electromyographical signal, which includes a numerical crosstalk model. In order to determine whether the crosstalk model provides a better agreement with the measured muscle activities, the Pearson correlation coefficient has been computed as a qualitative way of assessing the curve progression of the data sets. RESULTS: The results show an improvement in the correlation coefficient between the experimental data and the simulated muscle activities when taking crosstalk into account. CONCLUSIONS: Although the correlation coefficient increased when the crosstalk model was utilized, it is questionable if the discretization of both, the crosstalk and the musculoskeletal model, is accurate enough. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/BIOMDLORE.2018.8467211 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Souza Jr., Luis Antonio de A1 - Passos, Leandro A. A1 - Mendel, Robert A1 - Ebigbo, Alanna A1 - Probst, Andreas A1 - Messmann, Helmut A1 - Palm, Christoph A1 - Papa, João Paulo T1 - Fine-tuning Generative Adversarial Networks using Metaheuristics BT - A Case Study on Barrett's Esophagus Identification T2 - Bildverarbeitung für die Medizin 2021. Proceedings, German Workshop on Medical Image Computing, Regensburg, March 7-9, 2021 N2 - Barrett's esophagus denotes a disorder in the digestive system that affects the esophagus' mucosal cells, causing reflux, and showing potential convergence to esophageal adenocarcinoma if not treated in initial stages. Thus, fast and reliable computer-aided diagnosis becomes considerably welcome. Nevertheless, such approaches usually suffer from imbalanced datasets, which can be addressed through Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs). Such techniques generate realistic images based on observed samples, even though at the cost of a proper selection of its hyperparameters. Many works employed a class of nature-inspired algorithms called metaheuristics to tackle the problem considering distinct deep learning approaches. Therefore, this paper's main contribution is to introduce metaheuristic techniques to fine-tune GANs in the context of Barrett's esophagus identification, as well as to investigate the feasibility of generating high-quality synthetic images for early-cancer assisted identification. KW - Endoskopie KW - Computerunterstützte Medizin KW - Deep Learning Y1 - 2021 SN - 978-3-658-33197-9 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-33198-6_50 SP - 205 EP - 210 PB - Springer Vieweg CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mendel, Robert A1 - Souza Jr., Luis Antonio de A1 - Rauber, David A1 - Papa, João Paulo A1 - Palm, Christoph T1 - Abstract: Semi-supervised Segmentation Based on Error-correcting Supervision T2 - Bildverarbeitung für die Medizin 2021. Proceedings, German Workshop on Medical Image Computing, Regensburg, March 7-9, 2021 N2 - Pixel-level classification is an essential part of computer vision. For learning from labeled data, many powerful deep learning models have been developed recently. In this work, we augment such supervised segmentation models by allowing them to learn from unlabeled data. Our semi-supervised approach, termed Error-Correcting Supervision, leverages a collaborative strategy. Apart from the supervised training on the labeled data, the segmentation network is judged by an additional network. KW - Deep Learning Y1 - 2021 SN - 978-3-658-33197-9 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-33198-6_43 SP - 178 PB - Springer Vieweg CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ebigbo, Alanna A1 - Palm, Christoph A1 - Messmann, Helmut T1 - Barrett esophagus: What to expect from Artificial Intelligence? JF - Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology N2 - The evaluation and assessment of Barrett’s esophagus is challenging for both expert and nonexpert endoscopists. However, the early diagnosis of cancer in Barrett’s esophagus is crucial for its prognosis, and could save costs. Pre-clinical and clinical studies on the application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Barrett’s esophagus have shown promising results. In this review, we focus on the current challenges and future perspectives of implementing AI systems in the management of patients with Barrett’s esophagus. KW - Deep Learning KW - Künstliche Intelligenz KW - Computerunterstützte Medizin KW - Barrett KW - Adenocarcinoma KW - Artificial intelligence KW - Deep learning KW - Convolutional neural networks Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpg.2021.101726 SN - 1521-6918 VL - 52-53 IS - June-August PB - Elsevier ER - TY - GEN ED - Palm, Christoph ED - Deserno, Thomas M. ED - Handels, Heinz ED - Maier, Andreas ED - Maier-Hein, Klaus H. ED - Tolxdorff, Thomas T1 - Bildverarbeitung für die Medizin 2021 BT - Proceedings, German Workshop on Medical Image Computing, Regensburg, March 7–9, 2021 N2 - In den letzten Jahren hat sich der Workshop "Bildverarbeitung für die Medizin" durch erfolgreiche Veranstaltungen etabliert. Ziel ist auch 2021 wieder die Darstellung aktueller Forschungsergebnisse und die Vertiefung der Gespräche zwischen Wissenschaftlern, Industrie und Anwendern. Die Beiträge dieses Bandes - einige davon in englischer Sprache - umfassen alle Bereiche der medizinischen Bildverarbeitung, insbesondere Bildgebung und -akquisition, Maschinelles Lernen, Bildsegmentierung und Bildanalyse, Visualisierung und Animation, Zeitreihenanalyse, Computerunterstützte Diagnose, Biomechanische Modellierung, Validierung und Qualitätssicherung, Bildverarbeitung in der Telemedizin u.v.m. KW - Bildanalyse KW - Bildverarbeitung KW - Computerunterstützte Medizin KW - Deep Learning KW - Visualisierung Y1 - 2021 SN - 978-3-658-33197-9 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-33198-6 SN - 1431-472X PB - Springer Vieweg CY - Wiesbdaden ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Mottok, Jürgen A1 - Scharfenberg, Georg T1 - Forschendes Lernen im Masterstudiengang Applied Research in Engineering Sciences T2 - 4th Applied Research Conference, 5th July 2014, Ingolstadt Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-3-8440-2875-1 SP - 55 EP - 61 PB - Shaker CY - Aachen ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Scharfenberg, Georg A1 - Mottok, Jürgen T1 - Forschungsmaster entwickelt sich zum Wirtschaftsfaktor in Bayern T2 - 4th Applied Research Conference, 5th July 2014, Ingolstadt Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-3-8440-2875-1 SP - 55 EP - 61 PB - Shaker CY - Aachen ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hausler, Peter A1 - Jobst, Simon A1 - Fischer, Johannes A1 - Roth, Carina A1 - Bierl, Rudolf T1 - Homogeneous Light Source for Surface Plasmon Resonance Imaging T2 - PHOTOPTICS 2020: proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Photonics, Optics and Laser Technology, Valletta, Malta, February 27-29, 2020 N2 - We describe how to build a homogeneous light source for Surface Plasmon Resonance Imaging (SPRi) which mainly finds its applications in pharmaceutical screening and biotechnology so far. SPR spectroscopy is a label-free, non-destructive and highly sensitive measurement principle for detecting changes in the refractive index in close vicinity of a gold surface. A transfer of this technology to a miniaturized sensor will broaden the range of possible applications. Commercial SPR assays are mainly working with a small number of sensing spots. In contrast, the SPR imaging system shown here will allow the use of an array of many sensing spots. In combination with chemical receptors designed as an artificial nose or an electronic tongue, the simultaneous detection of many analytes is envisioned. So far, lasers or other inhomogeneous light sources were used to illuminate the sensing surface, which is decreasing the systems sensitivity. We show a compact ( 300mm2) homogeneous top hat profile. The combination of a high bit-resolution camera with our new light source enables a reflectivity based surface plasmon resonance imaging system with a high refractive index unit (RIU) resolution. KW - Surface Plasmon Resonance Spectroscopy KW - Sensor KW - SPR-imaging KW - Miniaturization KW - Micro-opto-electro-mechanical Systems Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5220/0009168701630167 SP - 163 EP - 167 PB - SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications ER -