TY - CHAP A1 - Schneider, Diana A1 - Sonar, Arne A1 - Weber, Karsten T1 - Zwischen Automatisierung und ethischem Anspruch – Disruptive Effekte des KI-Einsatzes in und auf Professionen der Gesundheitsversorgung T2 - Künstliche Intelligenz im Gesundheitswesen N2 - Künstliche Intelligenz (KI) und algorithmische Systeme der Entscheidungsfindung entwickeln sich rapide zu wichtigen neuen Technologien in unserem täglichen Leben und es kann kaum Zweifel geben, dass sie einen großen Einfluss auf die Gesellschaft haben – auch in Professionen der Gesundheitsversorgung. Aufgrund ihrer Wirkkraft auf vorhandene ökonomische und organisatorische Strukturen werden diesen Technologien gleichzeitig disruptive Effekte auf ihre jeweiligen Anwendungsdomänen zugesprochen. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird an den Beispielen der klinischen Medizin sowie der Einzelfallhilfe der Sozialen Arbeit dargelegt, in welcher Weise KI professionelle Praxen in der Gesundheitsversorgung verändert, welche Konsequenzen daraus für die Professionen erwachsen und welche Handlungsaufforderungen sich für die jeweiligen Professionen ergeben. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-33597-7_14 SP - 325 EP - 348 PB - Springer CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Weber, Karsten T1 - Cybersecurity and Ethics BT - An uncommon yet indispensable combination of issues T2 - The Routledge Handbook of Smart Technologies N2 - The text aims to demonstrate that establishing cybersecurity is not only a technical challenge, but that legal, economic, or organizational aspects also play at least as important a role. The provision of cybersecurity raises ethical questions, since cybersecurity can affect moral values such as autonomy, freedom, or privacy. If measurements necessary for the provision of cybersecurity shall be accepted, it is essential to find a balance between the different claims of all stakeholders involved. This aim is achieved through a detailed ethical analysis accompanied by an extensive literature study. As the most important result of this analysis, it becomes obvious that cybersecurity is in competition or even conflict with other values and interests, and that establishing cybersecurity always involves a trade-off. Not only can there be no 100 percent cybersecurity for technical reasons, but if other values and interests are to be considered, this inevitably leads to compromises in cybersecurity. Y1 - 2022 SN - 9780429351921 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429351921-36 SP - 608 EP - 622 PB - Routledge CY - New York ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Ilhan, Bahriye A1 - Bock, Thomas A1 - Linner, Thomas A1 - Iturralde, Kepa A1 - Pan, Wen A1 - Hu, Rongbo ED - Goulding, J. S. ED - Rahimian, F. P. T1 - Innovative Robotics and Automation for Offsite Manufacturing T2 - Offsite Production and Manufacturing for Innovative Construction : People, Process and Technology N2 - This chapter presents additional research and development on offsite modular manufacturing of interior subsystems – to transform real estate stock to future demands triggered by demographic challenges, thereby allowing instant deployment. It explores the use of innovative systems for prefabrication. Regarding offsite production and manufacturing, the transformation of parts and low-level components into higher-level components by highly mechanised, automated or robot-supported industrial settings therefore needs to take place. Construction automation for offsite manufacturing, requires the integration of products, organisation, informational aspects, and machine technology in order to maximise efficiency and deliver product quality. A construction-kit cell can confine the production-unit elements in a specific area of the building, yet contain a greater capacity than an upgraded existing environment. A fully robotic construction industry will require significant research and development – of each product, process, and participant of the building production process. Y1 - 2019 SN - 9781138550711 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1201/9781315147321-13 PB - Routledge CY - London ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Mühlbauer, Christian A1 - Rabl, Hans-Peter A1 - Rottengruber, Hermann T1 - Acoustic Optimization of Mechatronic Direct Injection Systems and Analysis of the Effects on Robustness in System Operation T2 - SAE International Journal of Advances and Current Practices in Mobility N2 - The tightening of the emission legislation and political and social demands for sustainable mobility are forcing the automotive industry to develop complex, high precision mechatronic drive systems. The increasing precision of mechatronic components generally leads to an increase in structural excitation and thus to a rise in noise. The so-called ticking of the fuel injection system has a rather low sound pressure level compared to the residual engine noise. Nevertheless, the impulsive and high frequency noise character leads to a decline concerning the perception of comfort and sound quality. In order to identify the sound quality of fuel injection systems as a frontloading measure, a system test bench has been developed which represents the structure-borne and airborne sound radiation of the stand-alone injection system in a close to series configuration. In this paper, measures for the acoustic optimization of injection systems and their effects on the robustness of the system are discussed. The focus is on engine idling, since at this operating point the ticking of the injectors and high-pressure pump can be perceived most clearly due to the low masking effects of other noise sources. For this purpose, the injection parameters were measured during full engine operation and transferred to the system test bench. By using a special development control unit, it was possible to modify the parameters, quantify their influence on the acoustic behavior and, based on this, define NVH optimized control strategies. For the robustness evaluation of the NVH optimized control strategies, key functions of the injection system were analyzed under varying boundary conditions in system operation on an injection rate test bench. Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4271/2021-01-0671 SN - 2641-9645 VL - 4 IS - 1 SP - 68 EP - 77 PB - SAE International, Warrendale, PA, United States ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Weber, Karsten ED - Siegetsleitner, Anne ED - Oberprantacher, Andreas ED - Frick, Marie-Luisa ED - Metschl, Ulrich T1 - Civil Society as a Means against Hate Speech BT - A Baseless Hope T2 - Crisis and critique: philosophical analysis and current events N2 - On closer examination, the concept of civil society becomes blurred, for instance, on the crucial question of who belongs to civil society. The different answers to this question show how controversial the concept of civil society is, since it cannot be assumed that members of civil society would be morally particularly preferable actors. If, however, the conceptual foundations of and the question of membership in civil society already raise doubts about this concept, the recourse to civil society as a means against fake news and hate speech itself, which is often heard in public debates, becomes doubtful. KW - Hassrede KW - Bekämpfung KW - Zivilgesellschaft Y1 - 2021 SN - 9783110702255 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110702255-012 SP - 175 EP - 188 PB - De Gruyter CY - Berlin ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Herrmann, Frank ED - Makul, Natt T1 - Generic Scheduling by an optimization model demonstrated for a partly automated production line T2 - Recent Advances in Science and Technology Research Vol. 7 Y1 - 2020 UR - https://paparesearch.com/generic-scheduling-by-an-optimization-model-demonstrated-for-a-partly-automated-production-line/ SN - 978-93-90431-52-6 SP - 13 EP - 27 PB - Book Publisher International (a part of SCIENCEDOMAIN International) ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Lenk, Christian A1 - Frommeld, Debora ED - Duttge, Gunnar ED - Lenk, Christian T1 - Ethische und soziologische Aspekte des Rechtes auf Nichtwissen T2 - Das sogenannte Recht auf Nichtwissen Y1 - 2019 SN - 9783957437792 U6 - https://doi.org/10.30965/9783957437792_005 SP - 49 EP - 68 PB - mentis-Verlag CY - Paderborn ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Kühnel, Renate T1 - Rhythmik T2 - Erziehen als Profession. Lernfelder 4-6 Y1 - 2019 SN - 978-3-427-12734-5 SP - 312 EP - 330 PB - Bildungsverlag EINS CY - Köln ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Heese, Carl ED - Zerth, Jürgen ED - Schildmann, Jan ED - Nass, Elmar ED - Rebscher, Herbert ED - Jaensch, Peter ED - Richter, Stefanie ED - Geithner, Silke ED - Schneider, Michael ED - Garkisch, Michael ED - Werkmeister, Clemens ED - Heidl, Christian ED - Müller, Sebastian ED - Heese, Carl ED - Prescher, Thomas ED - Popp, Stefanie ED - Schaal, Tom ED - Krones, Tanja T1 - Differenzielle Sozialpädagogik des Alters T2 - Versorgung gestalten Y1 - 2019 SN - 9783170340572 SP - 199 EP - 216 PB - Kohlhammer Verlag CY - Stuttgart ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Anderson, Philip ED - Haker, Hille ED - Greening, Molly T1 - Unaccompanied Refugee Children and Adolescents and Access to Vocational Training in Germany – with a Focus on Bavaria (Loyola University) T2 - Unaccompanied migrant children KW - Unaccompanied immigrant children Y1 - 2019 SN - 978-1-4985-7454-9 SP - 63 EP - 74 PB - Lexington Books CY - Lanham; Boulder; New York ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Fauerbach, Ulrike ED - Hassler, Uta T1 - Description de l’Égypte. Ein Monument der Drucktechnik T2 - Polychromie & Wissen Y1 - 2019 SN - 978-3-7774-3333-2 SP - 126 EP - 149 PB - Hirmer CY - München ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schwindl, Tobias A1 - Volbert, Klaus A1 - Schwab, Maximilian ED - Benavente-Peces, César ED - Cam-Winget, Nancy ED - Fleury, Eric ED - Ahrens, Andreas T1 - On Update Protocols in Wireless Sensor Networks T2 - Sensor Networks N2 - There has been a lot of research been done in the domain of Wireless Sensor Networks in recent years. Nowadays, Wireless Sensor Networks are in operation in a wide range of different scenarios and applications, like energy management services, heat and water billing as well as smoke detectors. However, research and development will be continued in this domain. During the operation of such a network, software updates need to be done seldom. In contrast to this, software updates need to be done very frequently during development and testing for uploading a new firmware on umpteen nodes. In this paper, we examine such a software update for a particular, but popular and often used sensor network platform. There are already interesting research papers about the process of updating sensor nodes. Our specific focus relies on the technical part of such an update process. We will argue why these already existing update processes do not cover our defiances. The objective of our software update protocol is to enable the developer to update many nodes in a reliable and very fast fashion during the development and testing process. For this reason, energy consumption is considered only marginally. We do not need a multi-hop protocol, due to the fact that all devices are in range, e.g. in a laboratory. In this paper we survey well known update protocols and architectures for software updates in WSN, discuss the solutions and compare them to our approach. As a conclusion of our extensive simulation follows to sum up that the developed protocols do a fast and scalable as well as a reliable update. KW - Low-power devices KW - Software update KW - WSN Y1 - 2019 SN - 978-3-030-30109-5 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-30110-1_5 SP - 74 EP - 97 PB - Springer International Publishing CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Frikel, Jürgen A1 - Haltmeier, Markus ED - Dörfler, Willy ED - Hochbruck, Marlis ED - Hundertmark, Dirk ED - Reichel, Wolfgang ED - Rieder, Andreas T1 - Sparse Regularization of Inverse Problems by Operator-Adapted Frame Thresholding T2 - Mathematics of Wave Phenomena N2 - We analyze sparse frame based regularization of inverse problems by means of a diagonal frame decomposition (DFD) for the forward operator, which generalizes the SVD. The DFD allows to define a non-iterative (direct) operator-adapted frame thresholding approach which we show to provide a convergent regularization method with linear convergence rates. These results will be compared to the well-known analysis and synthesis variants of sparse ℓ1-regularization which are usually implemented thorough iterative schemes. If the frame is a basis (non-redundant case), the three versions of sparse regularization, namely synthesis and analysis variants of ℓ1-regularization as well as the DFD thresholding are equivalent. However, in the redundant case, those three approaches are pairwise different. Y1 - 2020 SN - 978-3-030-47173-6 SN - 978-3-030-47174-3 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-47174-3_10 SP - 163 EP - 178 PB - Birkhäuser; Springer International Publishing CY - Cham ET - 1st ed. ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Krug, Henriette A1 - Bittner, Uta A1 - Rolfes, Vasilija A1 - Fangerau, Heiner A1 - Weber, Karsten ED - Frewer, Andreas ED - Bergemann, Lutz ED - Langmann, Elisabeth T1 - Verunsicherung des ärztlichen Selbstverständnisses durch Künstliche Intelligenz? Ein Überblick über potenzielle Auswirkungen ihres Einsatzes im ärztlichen Alltag T2 - Unsicherheit in der Medizin ; zum Umgang mit Ungewissheit im Gesundheitswesen Y1 - 2020 SN - 978-3-8260-7226-0 SP - 195 EP - 210 PB - Königshausen & Neumann CY - Würzburg ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schütz, Sandra A1 - Böhm, Eva Theresa ED - Hedderich, Ingeborg ED - Reppin, Jeanne ED - Butschi, Corinne T1 - Forschungsmethodische Vielfalt. Der Mosaic Approach T2 - Perspektiven auf Vielfalt in der frühen Kindheit: Mit Kindern Diversität erforschen Y1 - 2019 UR - https://www.klinkhardt.de/newsite/media/20190828_9783781523289_HedderichReppinButschi_InhEinl.pdf SN - 978-3-7815-2328-9 SP - 172 EP - 186 PB - Klinkhardt CY - Bad Heilbrunn ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schütz, Sandra A1 - Brodersen, Folke A1 - Ebner, Sandra A1 - Gaupp, Nora ED - Menold, Natalja ED - Wolbring, Tobias T1 - Qualitätssicherung bei der Befragung von Jugendlichen mit einer sogenannten geistigen Behinderung in sozialwissenschaftlichen Studien T2 - Qualitätssicherung sozialwissenschaftlicher Erhebungsinstrumente N2 - In aktuellen sozialwissenschaftlichen (Jugend-)Studien tauchen Jugendliche mit Behinderungen nicht oder nur randständig auf. Besonders marginalisiert erscheint die Gruppe der Jugendlichen mit sogenannter geistiger Behinderung. Dies widerspricht zum einen dem wissenschaftlichen Anspruch der Repräsentation, keine Gruppe systematisch aus Erhebungen auszuschließen. Zum anderen liegt ein aus der Politik und Fachpraxis stammender Bedarf an quantitativen Daten zu Lebenslagen von Jugendlichen mit Behinderungen vor. Die empirische Sozialforschung steht dabei u.a. vor der methodischen Herausforderung, wie Jugendliche mit sogenannter geistiger Behinderung angemessen und qualitätssichernd quantitativ befragt werden können. Dieser Frage geht der vorliegende Beitrag nach, indem er auf Basis der am Deutschen Jugendinstitut durchgeführten „Methodenstudie zur Entwicklung inklusiver Forschungsstrategien in der Jugendforschung am Beispiel von Freundschaften und Peerbeziehungen von Jugendlichen mit Behinderungen“ Aspekte der Qualitätssicherung bei der Befragung von Jugendlichen mit sogenannter geistiger Behinderung aufführt und die Ergebnisse in Beziehung zum bisherigen Forschungsstand setzt. Eine Diskussion um die Chancen und Grenzen der Selbstauskunft schließt den Beitrag. KW - Methodenforschung KW - Inklusion KW - Jugendliche mit sogenannter geistiger Behinderung KW - Qualitätssicherung KW - standardisierte Befragung Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-24517-7_12 SP - 371 EP - 406 PB - Springer VS CY - Berlin ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Lang, Christian A1 - Steinborn, Florian A1 - Steffens, Oliver A1 - Lang, Elmar Wolfgang ED - Valenzuela, O. ED - Rojas, F. ED - Herrera, L.J. ED - Pomares, H. ED - Rojas, I. T1 - Applying a 1D-CNN Network to Electricity Load Forecasting T2 - Theory and Applications of Time Series Analysis N2 - This paper presents a convolutional neural network (CNN) which can be used for forecasting electricity load profiles 36 hours into the future. In contrast to well established CNN architectures, the input data is one-dimensional. A parameter scanning of network parameters is conducted in order to gain information about the influence of the kernel size, number of filters and number of nodes. Furthermore, different dropout methods are applied to the CNN and are evaluated. The results show that a good forecast quality can already be achieved with basic CNN architectures, the dropout improves the forecast. The method works not only for smooth sum loads of many hundred consumers, but also for the load of single apartment buildings. KW - Energy load forecasting KW - STLF KW - Neural networks KW - CNN KW - Convolutional networks Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-56219-9_14 SP - 205 EP - 218 PB - Springer ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Steffens, Oliver A1 - Suhrke, Michael A1 - Rössler, Ulrich ED - Kramer, Bernhard T1 - Ground state and collective excitations of quantum dots: Correlation effects and Hund’s rule in magnetic field T2 - Advances in Solid State Physics N2 - We review ground-state properties and collective excitations of semiconductor quantum dots in a magnetic field obtained from current-spin density-functional theory. Due to exchange-correlation, a generalized Hund’s rule in magnetic field can be established which leads to spin alignment in partially occupied energy shells at the Fermi energy. This results, in distinct spin structures in single-electron addition spectra. Current-dependent exchange-correlation modifies the magnetic-field dependence of the ground state configuration and leads to deviations from plain spin-density calculations. Moreover it gives rise to spontaneous current textures at zero magnetic field. Collective excitation spectra, explicitly calculated for inelastic light scattering, exhibit novel features in their magnetic field dependence due to a finite ground-state spin density. KW - Spin Density KW - Fermi Energy KW - Collective Excitation KW - Addition Spectrum KW - Inelastic Light Scattering Y1 - 1999 SN - 978-3-540-44553-1 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0107469 VL - 39 SP - 111 EP - 120 PB - Friedr. Vieweg & Sohn CY - Braunschweig ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schmailzl, Anton A1 - Hüntelmann, Sven A1 - Loose, Tobias A1 - Käsbauer, Johannes A1 - Maiwald, Frederik A1 - Hierl, Stefan ED - Sommitsch, Christof ED - Enzinger, Norbert ED - Mayr, Peter T1 - Potentials of the ALE-Method for Modeling Plastics Welding Processes, in Particular for the Quasi-Simultaneous Laser Transmission Welding T2 - Mathematical Modelling of Weld Phenomena 12 N2 - The Arbitrary-Lagrangian-Eulerian-Method (ALE-Method) offers the possibility to model the quasi-simultaneous laser transmission welding of plastics, in which a squeeze-flow of molten plastic occurs. It is of great interest to get a deeper understanding of the fluid-structure-interactions in the welding zone, since the occurring squeeze-flow transports heated material out of the joining zone, causinga temperature decrease inside.In addition, the numerical modelling offers the possibility to investigate the flow conditions in the joining zone. The aim of this article is to show the potentials of the ALE-Method to simulatethe quasi-simultaneous laser transmission welding with the commercially available software LS-DYNA. The central challenge is to realize a bi-directionalthermo-mechanically coupled simulation,which considers the comparatively high thermal expansion and calculates the interactions of solid and melted plastic correctly. Finally, the potentials of the ALE element formulations for the mathematical description of welding processesare shown, especially for those with a squeeze-flow. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3217/978-3-85125-615-4-51 SP - 965 EP - 975 PB - Verlag der Technischen Universität Graz CY - Graz ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Rolfes, Vasilija A1 - Bittner, Uta A1 - Sonar, A. A1 - Weber, Karsten ED - Hack, L. ED - Bergemann, Lutz ED - Bielefeldt, H. ED - Frewer, Andreas T1 - Stigmatisierung übergewichtiger und adipöser Patient*innen in der digitalisierten Medizin BT - ein Problemaufriss aus menschenrechtlicher Perspektive T2 - Menschenrechte im Gesundheitswesen. Vom Krankenhaus zur Landesebene Y1 - 2019 SN - 978-3-8260-6902-4 SP - 121 EP - 143 PB - Königshausen & Neumann CY - Würzburg ER -