TY - JOUR A1 - Kellner, Florian T1 - Insights into the effect of traffic congestion on distribution network characteristics – a numerical analysis based on navigation service data JF - International Journal of Logistics Research and Applications N2 - This research studies effects that the average increase in travel times due to road traffic congestion has on characteristics of an existing distribution network. It presents the most detailed estimate of ‘on-the-road’ effects on distribution network characteristics up to now, from the network modelling perspective and from the processed data point of view. A concrete network model allowing for the representation of all relevant transportation flows is presented. The processed traffic information relies on navigation service data. The use of such data allows the requirements that arise for the traffic analysis of a whole distribution network to be met. It is shown that this data source may considerably contribute in forthcoming research. The effects of traffic congestion are quantified to get insights into the extent to which regular traffic congestion affects distribution network characteristics and to understand the mitigating effect when the number of distribution centres is increased. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/13675567.2015.1094043 VL - 19 IS - 5 SP - 395 EP - 423 PB - Taylor & Francis ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Neumüller, Claudia A1 - Kellner, Florian A1 - Gupta, Jatinder N.D. A1 - Lasch, Rainer T1 - Integrating three-dimensional sustainability in distribution centre selection: the process analysis method-based analytic network process JF - International Journal of Production Research N2 - In this paper, we propose a combined methodology for the selection of distribution centres (DCs) by integrating and balancing economic, environmental and social sustainability aspects. The analytic network process (ANP) permits to systematically evaluate possible DCs on the basis of a situation-specific decision structure. A systematic development of the decision networks, which is one of the core challenges using the ANP, is supported by the process analysis method which we extend for that purpose. The validity and soundness of the proposed framework are demonstrated by means of a case study. The case study results reveal that omitting aspects of sustainability can lead to unfortunate results. Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/00207543.2014.939241 VL - 53 IS - 2 SP - 409 EP - 434 PB - Taylor & Francis ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kellner, Florian A1 - Igl, Johannes T1 - Greenhouse gas reduction in transport: analyzing the carbon dioxide performance of different freight forwarder networks JF - Journal of Cleaner Production N2 - There are growing concerns in the food industry about how supply chains can be managed in a more sustainable way. When distribution activities are outsourced to a logistics service provider (LSP), shippers need to evaluate the LSPs they may (potentially) engage in order to ensure that supply chain sustainability goals are met. In this paper, we present a methodology for LSP evaluation and focus on the ecological dimension of sustainability. We examine how the network carbon footprint of a real-world distribution system is affected by the LSP network that is chosen to forward goods from production facilities to customers. To do this, we analyze the shipment data of an existing Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) manufacturer. A quantitative distribution network model is set up to study the network carbon footprint of 125 scenarios. Real-world shipments are forwarded via five generic, idealized types of LSP networks. In total, 625 network carbon footprints, specified by three distribution logistics variables and the structure of the LSP network, have been calculated. The results show that LSP structures practicing a geographically decentralized consolidation of shipments are most efficient in reducing of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Furthermore, the effects of changing the manufacturer's and the LSP's strategies for deciding on the tonnage to be forwarded via the LSP network or moved by direct transports are quantified. Finally, we estimate the GHG effect of improving the capacity utilization of the vehicles that move the products. Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.03.026 VL - 99 SP - 177 EP - 191 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Neumüller, Claudia A1 - Lasch, Rainer A1 - Kellner, Florian T1 - Integrating sustainability into strategic supplier portfolio selection JF - Management decision N2 - Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to propose a comprehensive methodology and a problem-specific model for the configuration of the optimal strategic supplier portfolio in terms of traditional, performance-related objectives and sustainability targets. Design/methodology/approach – To bridge the research gap, i.e., to align strategic supplier portfolio selection with corporate sustainability targets, a hybrid model of the analytic network process (ANP) and goal programming (GP) is developed. To validate the model, a case example is presented and managerial feedback is collected. Findings – By enabling the integration of sustainability targets into strategic supplier portfolio configuration, the hybrid ANP-GP model contributes to research in the area of sustainable supply chain management. Results indicate that simplifying the model by omitting one or more details may lead to unfortunate actions. Research limitations/implications – The model has been applied using a case example in the automotive industry. To strengthen the findings, it should be examined under other terms as well. Practical implications – Integrating economic, environmental, and social targets into strategic supplier portfolio configuration reduces supply risks and promotes the achievement of the sustainability goals of the purchasing company. Social implications – Strategic supplier selection counts among the decisions that have an impact on the environment and society for several years. Configuring economically rational, environmentally friendly, and socially responsible supplier bases supports worldwide efforts towards sustainable development. Originality/value – Although sustainable supplier selection has gained importance in recent years, this is the first time that a comprehensive model for the determination of the optimal strategic supplier portfolio in terms of performance-related objectives and sustainability targets has been proposed. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1108/MD-05-2015-0191 VL - 54 IS - 1 SP - 194 EP - 221 PB - Emerald ER - TY - INPR A1 - Kellner, Florian A1 - Schneiderbauer, Miriam T1 - Further Insights into the Allocation of Greenhouse Gas Emissions to Shipments in Road Freight Transportation: The Pollution Routing Game T2 - SSRN Electronic Journal N2 - At present, there is no globally accepted standard for the allocation of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions to shipments in road freight transportation. The only official international standard for emission calculation of transport operations is the European Norm EN-16258. However, even this norm still allows choosing from several alternative emission allocation schemes. This research aims to harmonize the process of GHG declarations for supply chains by identifying among all allocation units specified by EN-16258 the one that describes a shipment's contribution to GHG emissions best. For this purpose, concepts of the cooperative game theory are used. First, we develop three transport scenarios that allow studying a shipment's effect on GHG: a vehicle routing problem, a network flow model, and a mixed scenario. Our approach extends previous research projects because we take into account that shipment characteristics in terms of origin, destination, weight, and volume consume transport capacities to different degrees, impact the routing of the commercial vehicles and, thus, determine GHG. Second, we present the results of a computational study that bases on the introduced transport scenarios and that compares the allocation vectors resulting from the EN-16258 allocation rules with the Shapley value, which serves as a benchmark for a shipment's contribution to GHG. Furthermore, we show how often the EN-16258 allocation principles are in line with a set of game theoretical fairness criteria. The results indicate that the allocation unit ‘distance’ is the closest to the game theory benchmark and most often in line with game theoretical fairness criteria. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3221764 N1 - Erschienen bei Elsevier im European Journal of Operational Research 278, 2025(1): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2019.04.007 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kellner, Florian T1 - Generating greenhouse gas cutting incentives when allocating carbon dioxide emissions to shipments in road freight transportation JF - OR Spectrum N2 - Road freight transportation accounts for a great share of the anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. In order to provide a common methodology for carbon accounting related to transport activities, the European Committee for Standardization has published the European Norm EN-16258. Unfortunately, EN-16258 contains gaps and ambiguities and leaves room for interpretation, which makes the comparison of the environmental performance of different logistics networks still difficult and hinders the identification of best practices. This research contributes to the identification of particularly meaningful principles for the allocation of GHG to shipments in road freight transportation by presenting an analytical framework for studying the performance of the EN-16258 allocation schemes with respect to accuracy, fairness, and the GHG minimizing incentive. In doing so, we continue previous studies that analyzed two important aspects of the EN-16258 allocation rules: accuracy and fairness. This study provides further insights into this allocation problem by investigating the incentive power of the different allocation schemes to opt for the GHG minimal way of running a road freight network. First, we complement the list of transport scenarios introduced in prior studies and present two novel scenarios. Second, we carry out a series of numerical experiments to compare the EN-16258 allocation rules with respect to accuracy, fairness, and the GHG minimizing incentive. We find that the results may differ significantly for the two scenarios, suggesting a case-by-case recommendation. This is particularly interesting because the first scenario confirms the results of the prior studies, while the second scenario rather contradicts them. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00291-022-00675-y VL - 44 IS - 3 SP - 833 EP - 874 PB - Springer Nature ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kellner, Florian T1 - Exploring the impact of urbanization on consumer goods distribution networks JF - Journal of Asian Business and Economic Studies N2 - Purpose Due to the growing percentage share of urban dwellers, the physical distribution of products faces altering conditions. This research explores the effects that urbanization has on the performance of a fast-moving consumer goods distribution network. A focus is set on changes in distribution cost, the cost-minimal network design, and greenhouse gas emissions. Design/methodology/approach The analyses are based on a quantitative distribution network model of an existing manufacturer of consumer goods. Findings The results indicate that the foreseen population shift will affect the network's economic and environmental performance. Effects are, among others, due to differences in the efficiency of supplying urban and nonurban regions. The combined effects of urbanization and the development of the population size will even more affect the network's performance. Originality/value Research dealing with distribution logistics and urbanization primarily focuses on city logistics. In this paper, the object of analysis is the entire distribution system. Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1108/JABES-12-2019-0127 VL - 28 IS - 2 SP - 101 EP - 120 PB - Emerald ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kellner, Florian T1 - Exploring the impact of traffic congestion on CO2 emissions in freight distribution networks JF - Logistics Research N2 - This research quantifies the impact that regular road traffic congestion has on the CO2 emissions of a real-world distribution network, and it studies the consequences when the number of distribution centers changes. For this purpose, this study makes use of a network model allowing for a detailed representation of all relevant transport operations, including production flows between factories and distribution centers, line haul shipments between distribution centers and customers, and round/delivery trips between transshipment points and retailer locations for the last mile. The processed trip and traffic information does not rely on standard traffic data collection approaches, such as interviews, in situ technologies, or floating car data, but the road traffic data are retrieved from an online navigation service, such as Bing Maps, Google Maps, Inrix, Here, and TomTom. This study proves that online navigation services may considerably contribute to future research projects analyzing CO2 sensitivities and greenhouse gas cutting opportunities in logistics networks. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12159-016-0148-5 VL - 9 PB - Springer Nature ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kellner, Florian A1 - Igl, Johannes T1 - Estimating the effect of changing retailing structures on the greenhouse gas performance of FMCG distribution networks JF - Logistics Research N2 - The assessment of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of supply chain activities is performed to create transparency across the supply chain and to identify emission-cutting opportunities. Literature provides several generic and case study approaches to estimate GHG emissions. But research often focuses on products. This paper sheds light on how the greenhouse performance of a fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) distribution network depends on several (FMCG specific) variables to set up a “CO2 network footprint”. Within a quantitative computational study, the distribution network footprint of an existing FMCG manufacturer is analyzed. Three options being fundamentally able to reduce total GHG emissions are identified: number of distribution centers, performance of the engaged logistics service provider and shipment structure. First, transportation processes for the investigated FMCG manufacturer are analyzed to derive GHG emissions caused by different distribution shipments. Second, initial data are manipulated to simulate variable changes, that is, different logistics structures. Third, results are reported and analyzed to show up how different changes in logistics structures may reduce GHG, without technological propulsion or use of regenerative energy. Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12159-012-0063-3 VL - 4 IS - 3-4 SP - 87 EP - 99 PB - Springer Nature ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kellner, Florian A1 - Schröder, Nadine T1 - Data Mining mit unsicheren Daten BT - Fallbeispiel OpenStreetMap JF - HMD Praxis der Wirtschaftsinformatik N2 - Im Zeitalter von Big Data werden immense Informationsbestände aus unterschiedlichen Quellen gesammelt. Die Daten sind häufig unvollständig, unsicher und ungenau. Ein Beispiel hierfür ist das OpenStreetMap Projekt, bei dem Nutzer auf der ganzen Welt einmal mehr und einmal weniger „sauber“ bzw. vollständig Daten beisteuern. In diesem Beitrag wird gezeigt, ob sich diese Daten eignen um ein betriebswirtschaftliches Problem zu lösen. Ein konkretes Fallbeispiel verdeutlicht, wie gut Standortentscheidungen einer Fast Food Kette unter Anwendung fortgeschrittener datenanalytischer Verfahren, wie bspw. Künstlicher Neuronaler Netze, Entscheidungsbäume und Logit-Modelle, nachempfunden werden können. Als Grundlage dienen die Daten des OpenStreetMap Projekts. Im Konkreten geht es darum, potenzielle Filialstandorte hinsichtlich deren Güte mittels OpenStreetMap Daten zu klassifizieren und die prognostizierten Lokationen mit tatsächlichen Standortentscheidungen zu vergleichen. Dabei zeigt sich, dass die Daten des OpenStreetMap Projekts grundsätzlich für die Prognose von Standorten geeignet sind. Allerdings ist die Wahl des datenanalytischen Verfahrens von Bedeutung. Im vorliegenden Fall konnte mit Hilfe der Künstlichen Neuronalen Netze das beste Prognoseergebnis erzielt werden. T2 - Data Mining Based on Uncertain Data : an OpenStreetMap Case Study Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1365/s40702-018-0419-5 VL - 55 IS - 3 SP - 601 EP - 613 PB - Springer Natrure ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Igl, Johannes A1 - Kellner, Florian T1 - Exploring greenhouse gas reduction opportunities for retailers in Fast Moving Consumer Goods distribution networks JF - Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment N2 - This research explores logistics-related leverages in the responsibility of retailers for improving the environmental performance of a Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) distribution network. We examine opportunities for modifying the network carbon footprint by changing network design variables. To do so, a quantitative distribution network model is established, and 150 scenarios are calculated by modifying real-world shipment data from an existing multinational FMCG manufacturer. Four distribution variables are identified for a many-to-many and a hub-and-spoke network structure. Two variables affect the distribution network and two interfere in the shipment structure by manipulating weight and/or the delivery date. This research sheds light on the extent of the changes in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of the distribution network that result from modifications in the logistics variables. The greatest effect on the quantity of GHG emissions can be observed when an anticipation horizon for orders is introduced. When shipments are consolidated and delivered only weekly or biweekly from the manufacturer to the retailers, GHG emissions drop significantly. Another opportunity for retailers to cut down GHG emissions is based on the concept of minimum order quantities where shipments to a retailer location are bundled until a certain weight is reached. Additionally, total GHG emissions of distribution may be reduced by raising the tonnage limit, thereby triggering direct shipments between the manufacturer’s facilities and the retailer locations, or by raising the tonnage limit, which triggers direct shipments in the logistics service provider network. The extent of GHG reduction is assessed for all investigated variables. Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2016.10.008 VL - 50 SP - 55 EP - 69 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kellner, Florian A1 - Schneiderbauer, Miriam T1 - Further insights into the allocation of greenhouse gas emissions to shipments in road freight transportation: The pollution routing game JF - European Journal of Operational Research N2 - At present, there is no globally accepted standard for the allocation of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions to shipments in road freight transportation. The only official international standard for emission calculation of transport operations is the European Norm EN-16258. However, even this norm still allows choosing from several alternative emission allocation schemes. This research aims to harmonize the process of GHG declarations for supply chains by identifying among all allocation units specified by EN-16258 the one that describes a shipment's contribution to GHG emissions best. For this purpose, concepts of the cooperative game theory are used. First, we develop three transport scenarios that allow studying a shipment's effect on GHG: a vehicle routing problem, a network flow model, and a mixed scenario. Our approach extends previous research projects because we take into account that shipment characteristics in terms of origin, destination, weight, and volume consume transport capacities to different degrees, impact the routing of the commercial vehicles and, thus, determine GHG. Second, we present the results of a computational study that bases on the introduced transport scenarios and that compares the allocation vectors resulting from the EN-16258 allocation rules with the Shapley value, which serves as a benchmark for a shipment's contribution to GHG. Furthermore, we show how often the EN-16258 allocation principles are in line with a set of game theoretical fairness criteria. The results indicate that the allocation unit ‘distance’ is the closest to the game theory benchmark and most often in line with game theoretical fairness criteria. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2019.04.007 VL - 278 IS - 1 SP - 296 EP - 313 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kellner, Florian T1 - Analyse logistischer Systeme mittels Online-Navigationsdiensten – Bessere Planung auf Grundlage besserer Daten JF - HMD Praxis der Wirtschaftsinformatik N2 - Online-Navigationsdienste ermöglichen die Planung einer Reise von einem Start- zu einem Ziel-Ort. Die Berechnung von Reisedauer und Streckenlänge erfolgt auf Grundlage eines detaillierten Straßennetzes und unter Berücksichtigung Orts- und Zeit-typischer Verkehrsaufkommen. Dieser Beitrag zeigt, inwiefern Online-Navigationsdienste die Planung und Analyse logistischer Systeme unterstützen können. Er thematisiert insbesondere die Qualität der zur Verfügung gestellten Verkehrsinfrastrukturdaten und hebt die komparativen Vorteile des Einsatzes von Online-Navigationsdiensten im Vergleich zu ‚herkömmlichen‘ Verkehrsinformationsquellen hervor. Ein Anwendungsfall, bei dem die durch Transportaktivitäten verursachten CO2-Emissionen eines Güternahverkehrsnetzes untersucht werden, verdeutlicht die gewonnenen Erkenntnisse. T2 - Using online navigation services for logistics systems analyses – better planning based on better data Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1365/s40702-016-0245-6 VL - 53 IS - 6 SP - 894 EP - 905 PB - Springer CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kraft, Sarah Katharina A1 - Kellner, Florian T1 - Can Blockchain Be a Basis to Ensure Transparency in an Agricultural Supply Chain? JF - Sustainability N2 - Many supply chains within developing countries lack transparency and are fraught with fraud, corruption, and a substantial number of intermediaries. For several decades, the cocoa sector has faced multiple social, economic, and environmental challenges, some of which include the issue of child labor and very low incomes for farmers, leading to poor living conditions. Blockchain technology has a high potential to reduce—or completely eradicate—some of these hurdles. In this article, we present a blockchain-based solution based on the open-source framework Hyperledger Fabric for the cocoa supply chain to promote transparency and reduce fraud. In doing so, we explicitly describe how farmers can be directly integrated into the whole blockchain solution considering the limited infrastructure, knowledge, and technologies available to them. Since about 70% of all cocoa worldwide is produced in West Africa, this case study uses the cocoa sector in Ghana as an example. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/su14138044 VL - 14 IS - 13 PB - MDPI ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kraft, Sarah Katharina A1 - Quayson, Matthew A1 - Kellner, Florian T1 - Assessing the German Act on Corporate Due Diligence Obligations in Supply Chains: a perspective from the smallholder cocoa farmer JF - Frontiers in Sustainability N2 - This research examines the potential outputs, outcomes, and impacts of the German Act on Corporate Due Diligence Obligations in Supply Chains (LkSG) on the smallholder cocoa farmers in West Africa. The study primarily relies on a literature review and an impact pathway to conduct a systematic analysis to identify the potential effects of the LkSG on smallholder cocoa farmers. The findings indicate that some, but not all of the risks addressed by the LkSG align with those faced by smallholder cocoa farmers and their families. Additionally, the research also reveals weaknesses, particularly in managing environmental risks, which the LkSG does not adequately cover. Our findings show that in the short- and medium-term, the LkSG has no potential effects on smallholder cocoa farmers. Furthermore, the potential positive impacts of the law on smallholder cocoa farmers will take a long time to realize, as the LkSG considers primarily tier-1 suppliers. Companies in Germany might reassess their supply chains to strive for an LkSG-risk-free supply chain, which could in the long term have sustained impacts on smallholder cocoa farmers. However, we recommend a comprehensive risk analysis of the cocoa supply chain to enhance the human rights of cocoa farmers. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/frsus.2024.1376619 VL - 5 PB - frontiers ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kellner, Florian A1 - Utz, Sebastian T1 - An inverse optimization approach for studying sustainability preferences in sourcing decisions JF - Journal of Cleaner Production N2 - Throughout many societies around the globe, there is growing awareness of the urgent need for the transition towards a sustainable economy. Research shows that buying firms have substantial leverage to initiate sustainable development by controlling the sustainable performance of their suppliers. In that context, this article presents a novel methodology based on inverse optimization to derive the implicit preferences of decision-makers in the trade-off between traditional sourcing objectives and sustainability in the supplier selection and order allocation process. The derived implicit preferences can then be used for further analyses to gain a better understanding of the characteristics of purchasing managers and sourcing situations that come with particularly high/low preferences placed on sustainability. Since the inverse optimization approach is computationally resource-intensive and consumes a significant amount of time, we present a scalable state-of-the-art cloud architecture that allows solving an arbitrary number of optimization programs in an acceptable amount of time. We demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed methodology in a real-world case. In doing so, we test how important sustainability aspects are in the supplier selection and order allocation decisions of one of the world's largest automotive parts manufacturers. KW - Inverse optimization KW - Order allocation KW - Sourcing decisions KW - Supplier selection KW - Sustainability Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2024.144305 VL - 483 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kellner, Florian T1 - Allocating greenhouse gas emissions to shipments in road freight transportation: Suggestions for a global carbon accounting standard JF - Energy Policy N2 - The European Norm EN 16258 was published in 2012 to provide a common methodology for the calculation and declaration of energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions related to any transport operation. The objective was to offer a pragmatic and scientifically-acceptable approach that allows a wide group of users to prepare standardized, accurate, credible, comparable, and verifiable energy consumption and emission declarations. However, in its current form, EN 16258 contains gaps and ambiguities, and leaves room for interpretation, which makes comparisons of supply chains difficult. This research aims to overcome the shortcomings in the domain of allocating emissions from road freight transport operations to single shipments. Based on a discussion of emission drivers and the results of numerical experiments comparing the allocation vectors created by the EN 16258 allocation rules with those generated by the Shapley value, which is claimed to be the benchmark, ‘distance’ is identified as the single most useful unit for bridging the trade-off between accuracy and simplicity better than the other recommended allocation schemes. Thus, this paper claims that future versions of EN 16258 should only allow the allocation unit ‘distance.’ This will promote the accurateness, simplicity, consistency, transparency, and comparability of emission declarations. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2016.09.030 VL - 98 SP - 565 EP - 575 CY - Elsevier ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Kellner, Florian A1 - Lienland, Bernhard A1 - Utz, Sebastian T1 - Optimal engine technology mix in a low carbon economy T2 - 2020 International Conference on Decision Aid Sciences and Application (DASA), 08-09 November 2020, Sakheer, Bahrain N2 - Environmental regulations force automotive companies to modify the powertrain technology portfolio offered to the customer to comply with greenhouse gas (GHG) emission targets. Automotive companies, in turn, are faced with the decision of finding the right powertrain technology portfolio because the selection of a particular technology portfolio affects different company targets at the same time. What makes this decision even more interesting is the fact that future market shares of the different technologies are uncertain. With its numerous objectives, this challenge requires multi-criteria decision-making techniques to identify the optimal powertrain technology portfolio. The objective of this research is to present a new decision support approach for assembling optimal powertrain technology portfolios while making decision-makers aware of the trade-offs between the achievable market share, the market share risk, and the GHG emissions generated by the selected vehicle fleet. The proposed approach combines `a posteriori' decision-making, multi-objective optimization, and the Markowitz portfolio theory. In an application case, the outlooks of selected market studies are fed into the proposed decision support system. The result is a visualization and analysis of the current real-world decision-making problem faced by many automotive companies. Interesting findings of this research include that for the assumed GHG restrictions in place in 2030, there exists no optimal powertrain technology portfolio that is not composed of at least 20% of electric vehicles. Y1 - 2020 SN - 978-1-7281-9677-0 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/DASA51403.2020.9317094 SP - 95 EP - 98 PB - IEEE CY - Piscataway, NJ ER - TY - INPR A1 - Kellner, Florian A1 - Lienland, Bernhard A1 - Utz, Sebastian T1 - An a Posteriori Multi-Objective Supplier Portfolio Selection Approach Under Risk and Sustainability Considerations T2 - SSRN Electronic Journal N2 - This research presents a novel, state-of-the-art methodology for solving the multi-criteria supplier selection problem under risk and sustainability considerations. The approach combines multi-objective optimization with the analytic network process to meet the requirements for supplier portfolio configuration with sustainability considerations. To integrate the aspect ‘risk’ into the supplier selection problem, this research develops a multi-objective optimization model based on the investment portfolio theory introduced by Markowitz. The proposed model is a non-standard portfolio selection problem with four objectives: to minimize the purchasing costs, to select the supplier portfolio with the highest logistics service, to minimize the supply risk, and to order as much as possible from those suppliers with outstanding sustainability performance. The optimization model, which has three linear and one quadratic objective function, is solved by an algorithm which analytically computes a set of efficient solutions and provides graphical decision support by a visualization of the complete and exactly-computed Pareto front (a posteriori approach). The possibility of computing all Pareto optimal supplier portfolios is beneficial for decision makers as they can compare all optimal solutions at once, identify the trade-offs between the criteria, and study how the different aspects of supplier portfolio configuration may be balanced to finally choose the composition that satisfies the purchasing company’s strategy at best. The approach has been applied to a real-world supplier portfolio configuration case to demonstrate its applicability and to analyze how the consideration of sustainability requirements may affect the traditional supplier selection and purchasing goals in a real-life setting. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2901390 N1 - Erschienen bei Elsevier im European Journal of Operational Research 272, 2025(2): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2018.06.044 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kellner, Florian A1 - Lienland, Bernhard A1 - Utz, Sebastian T1 - An a posteriori decision support methodology for solving the multi-criteria supplier selection problem JF - European Journal of Operational Research N2 - This research presents a novel, state-of-the-art methodology for solving a multi-criteria supplier selection problem considering risk and sustainability. It combines multi-objective optimization with the analytic network process to take into account sustainability requirements of a supplier portfolio configuration. To integrate ‘risk’ into the supplier selection problem, we develop a multi-objective optimization model based on the investment portfolio theory introduced by Markowitz. The proposed model is a non-standard portfolio selection problem with four objectives: (1) minimizing the purchasing costs, (2) selecting the supplier portfolio with the highest logistics service, (3) minimizing the supply risk, and (4) ordering as much as possible from those suppliers with outstanding sustainability performance. The optimization model, which has three linear and one quadratic objective function, is solved by an algorithm that analytically computes a set of efficient solutions and provides graphical decision support through a visualization of the complete and exactly-computed Pareto front (a posteriori approach). The possibility of computing all Pareto-optimal supplier portfolios is beneficial for decision makers as they can compare all optimal solutions at once, identify the trade-offs between the criteria, and study how the different objectives of supplier portfolio configuration may be balanced to finally choose the composition that satisfies the purchasing company's strategy best. The approach has been applied to a real-world supplier portfolio configuration case to demonstrate its applicability and to analyze how the consideration of sustainability requirements may affect the traditional supplier selection and purchasing goals in a real-life setting. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2018.06.044 VL - 272 IS - 2 SP - 505 EP - 522 PB - Springer ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kellner, Florian A1 - Otto, Andreas T1 - Allocating CO2 emissions to shipments in road freight transportation JF - Journal of Management Control N2 - Logistic activity, in particular transportation, produces green house gases (GHG). For different purposes GHG need to be allocated to objects. This paper studies how to allocate the GHG volume of a transportation process (delivery tour) to the single shipments moved by the process. First, it identifies classes of generic allocation schemes and presents 15 allocation methods. Second, since the majority of these methods has not been designed for allocating GHG, we apply and compare them in the short distance transport context within a numerical example. The aim is to study how the schemes perform according to criteria. We suggest using causality, efficiency, empty core robustness, symmetry, individual rationality, coalition stability, ease of application, and set robustness as appraisal criteria and attempt to mainstream the discussion by recommending selected allocation methods. Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00187-011-0143-6 VL - 22 IS - 4 SP - 451 EP - 479 PB - Springer ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kellner, Florian A1 - Lienland, Bernhard A1 - Utz, Sebastian T1 - A multi‐criteria decision‐making approach for assembling optimal powertrain technology portfolios in low GHG emission environments JF - Journal of Industrial Ecology N2 - Environmental regulations force car manufacturers to renew the powertrain technology portfolio offered to the customer to comply with greenhouse gas (GHG) emission targets. In turn, automotive companies face the task of identifying the “right” powertrain technology portfolio consisting of, for example, internal combustion engines and electric vehicles, because the selection of a particular powertrain technology portfolio affects different company targets simultaneously. What makes this decision even more challenging is that future market shares of the different technologies are uncertain. Our research presents a new decision‐support approach for assembling optimal powertrain technology portfolios while making decision‐makers aware of the trade‐offs between the achievable profit, the achievable market share, the market share risk, and the GHG emissions generated by the selected vehicle fleet. The proposed approach combines “a posteriori” decision‐making with multi‐objective optimization. In an application case, we feed the outlooks of selected market studies into the proposed decision‐support system. The result is a visualization and analysis of the current real‐world decision‐making problem faced by many automotive companies. Our findings indicate that for the proposed GHG restriction at work in 2030 in the European Union, no optimal powertrain technology portfolio with less than 35% of vehicles equipped with an electric motor exists. Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/jiec.13148 VL - 25 IS - 6 SP - 1412 EP - 1429 PB - Wiley ER - TY - GEN A1 - Currle, Edda A1 - Haug, Sonja A1 - Weber, Karsten T1 - Artificial Intelligence and anamnesis: Results of a population survey N2 - Digital procedures are increasingly implemented to enhance efficiency in healthcare, with Artificial Intelligence (AI) — particularly chatbot s— showing significant potential for future applications. However, little is known about patients’ acceptance of such technologies. The study “AI and Anamnesis” addresses this gap by investigating the German population’s acceptance of and willingness to use AI-driven technologies for digital anamnesis. This poster presents results from the first wave of the survey, offering initial insights into public attitudes and potential barriers to adoption. KW - Künstliche Intelligenz KW - Anamnese KW - Technologieakzeptanz KW - Bevölkerungsbefragung Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-83325 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schaeffer, Leon A1 - Schmaußer, Theresa A1 - Herrmann, David A1 - Lehmann, Lukas A1 - Dendorfer, Sebastian A1 - Böhm, Valter T1 - Multi-Body Simulation of a Dynamic Hand Orthosis based on a Prestressed Compliant Structure Incorporating the Human Hand T2 - 2025 International Symposium on Medical Robotics (ISMR), May 14-16, 2025, Atlanta, GA, USA, N2 - Many dynamic hand orthoses use one degree of freedom joints, such as hinge joints. Therefore, these orthoses can only partially replicate the complex, multi-axis movement of the hand. A possible solution for this is the use of prestressed compliant structures as the basis for orthoses. Determining the joint forces in the wrist and optimizing the dynamic orthosis to influence these forces as well as acting muscle forces are important steps in the development of these orthoses. For this reason, in this work multi-body simulation models of an orthosis with human hand models are presented. Based on these theoretical investigations, more detailed orthosis models as well as initial prototypes of prestressed compliant dynamic hand orthoses can be developed. KW - Hands KW - Wrist KW - Systematics KW - Simulation KW - Dynamics KW - Refining KW - Prototypes KW - Usability KW - Research and development KW - Testing Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/ISMR67322.2025.11025982 SP - 80 EP - 86 PB - IEEE ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Röhrl, Simon A1 - Staufer, Susanne A1 - Bugert, Flemming A1 - Nadimpalli, Vamsi Krishna A1 - Hauser, Florian A1 - Grabinger, Lisa A1 - Bittner, Dominik A1 - Ezer, Timur A1 - Altweck, Ricardo A1 - Graf, Sabine A1 - Kriza, Thomas A1 - Mottok, Jürgen T1 - Ethical Considerations of AI in Education: A Case Study based on Pythia Learning Enhancement System JF - IEEE Access N2 - As the use of AI in education increases, addressing ethical concerns is essential for its responsible use and implementation. This study explores the ethical considerations of AI in education by analyzing a concrete application, the Pythia Learning Enhancement System, which enables personalized and adaptive educational experiences. In this case study, the concrete implementation of Pythia, contrary to high-level abstract analyses, provides practical insights into these ethical issues. To achieve this goal, we first define Pythia and outline its implementation. Using the various topics covered by Pythia, the ethical issues associated with each of these topics are outlined, resulting in a list of ten distinct ethical issues. Because there is overlap in issues covered by similar applications, they can benefit from this identification. An ethical (human rights) and didactic (constructivism) theoretical background is then provided as a basis for further discussion. This is used to build the arguments used in the main study. This consists of analyzing each of the issues and providing recommendations to mitigate potential harm arising from these issues. This helps to provide guidelines for future applications. In the analysis, the ethical discussion is mainly based on the human rights of the stakeholders involved, emphasizing human dignity. After the analysis, each of the issues is contextualized with the recent AI Act of the European Union, providing a novel mapping of the issues of AI in education to the AI Act. Finally, the limitations of the study are stated and a plan for future research is presented. KW - Ethics KW - Artificial intelligence KW - Education KW - Stakeholders KW - Psychology KW - Privacy KW - Search problems KW - Guidelines KW - Focusing KW - Europe Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-83403 SN - 2169-3536 N1 - Corresponding author der OTH Regensburg: Simon Röhrl VL - 11 SP - 1 EP - 25 PB - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) ER - TY - GEN A1 - Maiwald, Frederik A1 - Schulze, Julian A1 - Schmidt, Michael A1 - Hierl, Stefan T1 - In-situ optical coherence tomography for spatio-temporal analysis of melt pool crystallization in absorber-free laser transmission welding of polymers T2 - The 9th International Congress on Laser Advanced Materials Processing (LAMP2025), Ise-city, Mie-prefecture, Japan, June 10 to June 13, 2025 Y1 - 2025 PB - Japan Laser Processing Society ER - TY - GEN A1 - Meisner, Dennis A1 - Kaftiranis, Nikitas A1 - Maiwald, Frederik A1 - Rapp, Petra A1 - Hierl, Stefan T1 - Enhancing Layer Adhesion in Material Extrusion AM with Adaptive Laser Preheating Integrated in Printhead T2 - LiM Conference 2025, Lasers in Manufacturing, June 23 - 26, 2025, Munich, Germany N2 - Material extrusion is a widely used AM process and is gaining more acceptance in industry applications due to its material variety, flexibility, and low cost. However, its usage is limited by a process-related anisotropy caused by insufficient interlayer bonding due to reduced temperature in the process zone. To enhance layer adhesion, an adaptive laser preheating system is integrated in a conventional printhead around the extrusion nozzle. The setup with eight fiber coupled diode laser allows preheating in feed direction and investigation of various intensity profiles. The article describes the experimental setup and significant improvements achieved. Laser preheating with different intensity distributions (spot, sickle or ring shaped) show an incasement of up to 85 % of the mechanical properties in the build-up direction. However, due to the additional energy input by the laser, controlled cooling of the workpiece becomes a crucial factor and is investigated as well. Y1 - 2025 UR - https://www.wlt.de/lim-conference PB - Wissenschaftliche Gesellschaft Lasertechnik und Photonik e.V. ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Brandstetter, Manuela T1 - Sozialpädagogisches Gestalten in kleinräumigen Gemeinden BT - Wider einer Verräumlichung von Gemeinde- und/oder Jugendproblemen JF - Zeitschrift für Bildungsforschung N2 - Otger Autrata hatte schon im Jahr 2006 unter Bezugnahme auf Lothar Böhnisch und Hans Gängler relativ allgemein einen Paradigmenwechsel in Richtung einer sozialräumlichen Gestaltung von Hilfe- und Bildungsarbeit eingefordert. Auch jüngere sozialpädagogische Arbeiten mahnen diesen Wandel der Perspektiven ein und arbeiten daran. Die Rede ist hier von kollektiver gesellschaftlicher Verantwortung bei vor allem in der Planung zu berücksichtigenden angemessenen Räumen für Kinder & Jugendliche, von neuen Raumentwürfen, die in ihrer pädagogischen Bedeutung zu betrachten sind, sowie von neuen Qualitäten, denen Konzepte offener Jugend- und Bildungsarbeit insgesamt geschuldet sind. In diesem Beitrag werden Redeweisen über Jugendprobleme und -arbeit in niederösterreichischen Gemeinden empirisch in den Blick genommen. In der „Multiple Case Study“ zu insgesamt sechs Gemeinden im Feld lokaler Jugendarbeit – in ausgewählten Ergebnissen und im Design verknappt dargestellt – wird empirisch durchdrungen, was von Entscheidungsträger/innen, Expert/innen, Helfer/innen und Jugendlichen selbst in den untersuchten Gemeinden als „problematisch“ sowie als „gelungen“ an existierender Jugendarbeit dargestellt wird. Die für gewöhnlich vor den Planungen und Lösungen kommunaler Sozialpolitik stehenden lokaltypischen Problemdiagnosen bzw. die hieran anschließenden Hilfen (vgl. dazu Armut in Österreich. Bestandsaufnahme, Trends, Risikogruppen. Wien: Braumüller, S. 308–328) wurden konversationsanalytisch untersucht. Rezepte (Collected papers. The Hague, Martinus Nihoff, S. 64–88) einer möglichen Einflussnahme und Gestaltung aus dieser Untersuchung abzuleiten und diese letztlich zu organisations- und sozialpädagogischen Handlungsempfehlungen für die in der offenen Bildungsarbeit Tätigen zu überführen, bildet das Anliegen dieses Beitrags. T2 - Youth work and recipies for interventions in Communities of rural areas KW - Gemeinden, Konversationsanalyse, Bildungskonzepte KW - Gemeindeforschung Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s35834-015-0137-9 IS - 5 SP - 313 EP - 327 PB - Springer Nature CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Brandstetter, Manuela ED - Wagner, Raphael ED - Kerzendorfer, Simone T1 - Wirkungsfeststellung in der Sozialen Arbeit BT - Erfolgsmessung oder paradoxe Effekte in einer Meta-Studie JF - Deutsches Zentralinstitut für Soziale Fragen N2 - In verschiedenen Feldern der Sozialen Arbeit in Österreich wird durch soziometrische Leistungsbeschreibungen starker Druck ausgeübt. Dieser soziale Druck wird nicht erst seit der „Global Third Way Debate“ (Giddens 1999) diskutiert und steht im Fokus dieses Beitrags. Paradoxe Effekte, welche die eigentlichen Wirkungen geleisteter Hilfen beeinträchtig sowie mögliche Exit-Strategien werden unter Bezug auf die Erkenntnisse aus zwei ideal-typischen Evaluierungsstudien dargelegt. KW - Wirkungsanalyse, Evaluation KW - qualitative Evaluationsforschung Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5771/0490-1606-2018-7-262 IS - 7 SP - 262 EP - 268 PB - Nomos elibrary CY - Berlin ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Zürner, Christian ED - Heese, Carl ED - Schütz, Sandra ED - Obergrießer, Stefanie T1 - Was macht die Kunst mit der Welt? T2 - Die Nachhaltigkeitsziele der UN im Spiegel der Wissenschaft : Beispiele aus der Sozial- und Gesundheitsforschung N2 - Der Beitrag bestimmt die Kunst als eine spezifische, feierliche Praxis des Kommunizierens mit der Welt, nicht über die Welt. Dies wird zunächst anhand ihrer Präsenz bei Festen und Feiern, dann auch anhand ihrer autonomen öffentlichen und privaten Vollzugsformen aufgezeigt. Solche Kommunikation mit der Welt hat existenzielle Bedeutung für Menschen und lässt sich daher mit der etablierten Vorstellung einer spielerischen Zweckfreiheit des Ästhetischen nicht erfassen. Kunst ist vielmehr eine Praxis existenziellen ästhetischen Sorgens um das menschliche Dasein in der Welt. In dieser Eigenschaft trifft sie sich mit den ebenfalls von einem existenziellen Sorgen um dieses Dasein motivierten Nachhaltigkeitszielen der Vereinten Nationen, in deren Rahmen sie durch ihren spezifischen Weltbezug eine bildungsbedeutsame Funktion entfalten kann. Die folgenden Ausführungen fassen die in meiner Monographie Ästhetisches Sorgen (Zürner, C. (2020). Ästhetisches Sorgen. Eine Theorie der Kunst. Bielefeld: transcript.) dargelegte Kunsttheorie zusammen und perspektivieren sie im Hinblick auf das Thema dieses Sammelbandes. KW - Ästhetik KW - Existenz KW - Kunst und Leben KW - Kunsttheorie Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-658-43333-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-43334-5_23 SN - 2731-8834 SP - 413 EP - 428 PB - Springer VS CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Selig, Tim A1 - Bauer, Patrick A1 - Frikel, Jürgen A1 - März, Thomas A1 - Storath, Martin A1 - Weinmann, Andreas ED - Palm, Christoph ED - Breininger, Katharina ED - Deserno, Thomas M. ED - Handels, Heinz ED - Maier, Andreas ED - Maier-Hein, Klaus H. ED - Tolxdorff, Thomas M. T1 - Two-stage Approach for Low-dose and Sparse-angle CT Reconstruction using Backprojection T2 - Bildverarbeitung für die Medizin 2025 (BVM 2025): Proceedings, German Conference on Medical Image Computing, Regensburg March 09-11, 2025 N2 - This paper presents a novel two-stage approach for computed tomography (CT) reconstruction, focusing on sparse-angle and low-dose setups to minimize radiation exposure while maintaining high image quality. Two-stage approaches consist of an initial reconstruction followed by a neural network for image refinement. In the initial reconstruction, we apply the backprojection (BP) instead of the traditional filtered backprojection (FBP). This enhances computational speed and offers potential advantages for more complex geometries, such as fan-beam and cone-beam CT. Additionally, BP addresses noise and artifacts in sparse-angle CT by leveraging its inherent noise-smoothing effect, which reduces streaking artifacts common in FBP reconstructions. For the second stage, we fine-tune the DRUNet proposed by Zhang et al. to further improve reconstruction quality. We call our method BP-DRUNet and evaluate its performance on a synthetically generated ellipsoid dataset alongside thewell-established LoDoPaBCT dataset. Our results show that BP-DRUNet produces competetive results in terms of PSNR and SSIM metrics compared to the FBP-based counterpart, FBPDRUNet, and delivers visually competitive results across all tested angular setups. Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-658-47421-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-47422-5_67 SP - 286 EP - 291 PB - Springer VS CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schroll-Decker, Irmgard A1 - Hsueh, Cheng-Hsiang A1 - Hsiao, Chih-Bang ED - Heese, Carl ED - Schütz, Sandra ED - Obergrießer, Stefanie T1 - The Power of Social Agencies in the Process of Transnational Care: Insights from Taiwan and Germany T2 - Die Nachhaltigkeitsziele der UN im Spiegel der Wissenschaft : Beispiele aus der Sozial- und Gesundheitsforschung N2 - In Taiwan as well as in Germany, people dependent on nursing care are supported in their homes by outpatient services. As the number of very old people is rising, so is the demand of caretakers who live in the home of the person dependent on support and nursing care on a permanent basis. For this purpose, and primarily for financial reasons, in Taiwan as well as in Germany, care-migrants are hired who are motivated to do care work abroad because it enables them to offer their families in the country of origin a ‘better life’. The employment of these so-called 24-h-carers are regulated by legislative measures, which, however, do not guarantee appropriate working conditions for the care personnel. The procurement of care staff is primarily done by private agencies that have taken hold of this field because of a lack of public policy measures regulating care employment by migrant workers. KW - Agency and broker system KW - Female care migration KW - Laissez-faire politics KW - Live-in caregiver KW - Migrant caregiver Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-658-43333-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-43334-5_12 SN - 2731-8834 SP - 197 EP - 206 PB - Springer VS CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kanitzyk, Justin A1 - Schilling, Robert A1 - Kellner, Florian A1 - Lienland, Bernhard T1 - Optimierung der Unternehmenssteuerung JF - CONTROLLER Magazin N2 - Die Unternehmenssteuerung wird in der Praxis nach wie vor von Finanzkennzahlen dominiert, obwohl diese nur einen spezifischen Ausschnitt der Vorgänge einer Organisation widerspiegeln. Für einen umfassenden Steuerungsansatz, der Zukunftsfähigkeit und Rationalität fördert, ist eine gezielte Beeinflussung von Performancetreibern notwendig. Diese Performancetreiber haben oftmals einen nicht-finanziellen Charakter. Eine verstärkte Einbindung nicht-finanzieller Kennzahlen in die Unternehmenssteuerung ist erforderlich. Y1 - 2025 SN - 1616-0495 VL - 2025 IS - 2 SP - 84 EP - 88 PB - Haufe ER - TY - INPR A1 - Schulz, Carsten A1 - Graneß, Henry A1 - Weinzierl, Stefan A1 - Nicklas, Johannes T1 - Eigenvalue perturbation in drivetrain analysis and optimization N2 - The optimization of the dynamic behavior of drive systems often involves targeted modifications of the system characteristics. Structural and parametric modifications are used to satisfy the constraints of the dynamic requirements. However, many optimizations are still achieved by intuition or parameter variations, even though more streamlined and easy-to-implement tools such as the eigenvalue perturbation method are available. In this article, the eigenvalue perturbation method in the form of an eigenvalue sensitivity analysis is used to efficiently optimize the dynamic behavior for two different use cases using different optimization measures. This paper demonstrates, how eigenvalue perturbation theory can efficiently optimize drivetrain dynamics by systematically modifying system parameters. Two case studies show how eigenvalue sensitivity analysis achieves targeted frequency shifts to avoid resonances: (1) adapting shaft stiffness and control parameters in a torsional drivetrain, and (2) optimizing structural modifications in a wind turbine bedplate. The study introduces the eigenvector tensor product as a weighting matrix, identifying key parameters for effective redesign. Compared to conventional parameter studies, this method enables precise control over system dynamics with minimal computational effort, making it highly applicable for vibration mitigation and drivetrain optimization. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6368754/v1 PB - Research Square Platform LLC ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schildgen, Johannes A1 - Heinz, Florian T1 - A Showcase of LLMs in Action: SQL Generation from Natural Language (Demo Paper) T2 - Datenbanksysteme für Business, Technologie und Web - Workshopband (BTW 2025) N2 - Today, large language models are a very efficient tool for human-computer interaction using natural language. Chatbots like ChatGPT and their corresponding APIs can be used to solve a large variety of tasks that are provided in human-comprehensible sentences, for example generating SQL queries. Executing spoken SQL queries in a database system poses a challenge, because the various syntactical details of SQL are usually not provided verbally. Here, the LLM can help to augment the recognized raw query with the syntax elements needed for successful execution. Furthermore, the correct spelling of table and column names can be derived from the database schema provided in the LLM prompt. This work showcases four use cases in which LLMs assist in querying database systems: (1) A plugin for phpMyAdmin for voice-query input in natural language, (2) a chart generator, (3) an Alexa skill, and (4) a speech-controlled action game SQL Invaders. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.18420/BTW2025-47 N1 - Datenbanksysteme für Business, Technologie und Web - Workshopband (BTW 2025) SP - 819 EP - 825 PB - Gesellschaft für Informatik CY - Bonn ER - TY - INPR A1 - Vogl, Yannick A1 - Schulz, Carsten A1 - Schaeffer, Thomas A1 - Geiger, Benjamin T1 - Prediction of the wear behavior of a conveyor belt with flexible rollers N2 - This paper introduces a method to predict wear behavior in conveyor belt systems using a lumped mass modeling approach. While previous research has focused primarily on lateral belt walking, this study shifts attention to belt deformation and its associated wear. Both significantly affect system efficiency and component lifespan. The authors propose using local frictional power as a wear indicator, leveraging its direct relation to frictional work in established wear models. To validate the method, the study simulates a conveyor belt with three flexible rollers and a deformable belt modeled through rigid spheres connected by spring-damper elements. The authors quantify and visualize frictional power density across the belt width, distinguishing between running and transverse directions. The results demonstrate that the frictional power distribution depends heavily on discretization quality, particularly due to the polygon effect inherent in the lumped mass approach. A convergence analysis reveals a minimum discretization of nine sphere rows with 557 spheres per row to achieve reliable qualitative insights. This method enables researchers to evaluate wear distribution in flexible conveyor systems and adapt the approach for broader applications in multibody dynamics. Future work should refine discretization techniques and friction models to enhance quantitative accuracy. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6343500/v1 N1 - Der Aufsatz wurde peer-reviewed veröffentlicht und ist ebenfalls in diesem Repositorium verzeichnet unter: https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-oth-regensburg/8489 PB - Research Square Platform LLC ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Görtler, Michael A1 - Reheis, Fritz ED - Heese, Carl ED - Schütz, Sandra ED - Obergrießer, Stefanie T1 - Ressourcen weiter denken. Zur Zeitlichkeit der Sozialen Arbeit im Kontext der Nachhaltigkeitstransformation T2 - Die Nachhaltigkeitsziele der UN im Spiegel der Wissenschaft : Beispiele aus der Sozial- und Gesundheitsforschung N2 - Soziale Arbeit kann aus der Perspektive einer zeitökologisch fundierten Resonanztheorie einen Beitrag zur Nachhaltigkeitstransformation leisten. Zugrunde liegt die These, dass für die Soziale Arbeit ein theoretischer Ansatz gewinnbringend ist, der die Zeitlichkeit von Mensch, Gesellschaft und Natur – und damit auch der Nachhaltigen Entwicklung und der Sozialen Arbeit selbst – ins Zentrum stellt. Vor diesem Hintergrund werden die Zeitlichkeit der Nachhaltigen Entwicklung und der Sozialen Arbeit im Kontext der Nachhaltigkeitstransformation herausgearbeitet, theoretische Ansätze zu Zeit und Ressourcen diskutiert und eine mögliche Verknüpfung beider Begriffe am Beispiel von Resonanz, Bildung und Zeit skizziert. KW - Nachhaltigkeit KW - Ressourcen KW - Soziale Arbeit KW - Transformation KW - Zeit Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-658-43333-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-43334-5_21 SN - 2731-8834 SP - 373 EP - 389 PB - Springer VS CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Heinz, Florian A1 - Schildgen, Johannes T1 - SQLinked - A Hybrid Approach for Local and Database-Remote Program Execution T2 - Datenbanksysteme für Business, Technologie und Web - Workshopband (BTW 2025) N2 - When working with today's relational databases, there is usually a clear boundary between the database server and the application, that interfaces with the database system using the query language SQL. The concept of stored procedures allows to move complex parts of the business logic into the database server for various reasons, as, for instance, to reduce the latency of ELT processes that involve several database queries building on each other like distributing records into tables according to their attribute values. Creating and maintaining such stored procedures can be a challenging task, however. The idea pursued in this paper is to create a programming language, as well as a compilation and execution environment that allows the user to mark parts of the application code for being automatically compiled to and later be executed as a stored procedure in the database instead of the execution environment of the actual application. This blurs the border between database and application and provides a natural and maintenance-friendly way for offloading latency sensitive parts of the code to the database system. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.18420/BTW2025-128 SP - 257 EP - 263 PB - Gesellschaft für Informatik CY - Bonn ER - TY - INPR A1 - Meisinger, Alexander A1 - Hofrichter, Andreas A1 - Bauer, Franz A1 - Sterner, Michael T1 - Unlocking Potential Energy Partnerships in Europe: a Case Study on the Way to a Franco-German Energy Transition N2 - Global warming is already causing global destabilization. Geopolitical challenges fuel this instability and highlight the need for trusted energy partnerships to ensure energy security. To limit global warming and increase energy security, it is essential to take joint action on an international and global scale. The European Green Deal contributes to this. However, specific national actions are still needed. This research presents a way forward for a Franco-German energy transition and unlocks the potential of energy partnerships within Europe, using a cost-based, sector-coupled optimization model. Both countries are coupled via an isolated country optimization approach. Thus, the focus is on the development of each national energy system. The results highlight the increase of energy security in line with the European Green Deal. The main pillars of the energy transition are solar energy (32- 33%), wind energy (25-38%) and biogenic energy sources (13-27%). Nuclear power is being phased out in Germany and France. The results show that a Franco-German energy partnership has great potential. Overall, France can cost-effectively cover 25% of Germany’s hydrogen import needs (122 TWh) in 2050. At the same time, France can also benefit from the energy partnership in terms of economic growth and joint action to mitigate climate crisis. KW - Decarbonization KW - Energy partnership KW - Energy system modelling KW - Energy transition KW - European Green Deal KW - Power-to-X Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5251699 PB - SSRN ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Krause, Thomas ED - Heese, Carl ED - Schütz, Sandra ED - Obergrießer, Stefanie T1 - Entwicklungsorientierte Unterstützung von Familien mit psychischen Erkrankungen im Landkreis Regensburg 2012–2022 – Darstellung nachhaltiger Interventions- und Präventionsstrategien T2 - Die Nachhaltigkeitsziele der UN im Spiegel der Wissenschaft : Beispiele aus der Sozial- und Gesundheitsforschung N2 - Psychisch erkrankte Eltern und deren Kinder bedürfen für deren Unterstützung einer entwicklungsorientierten Perspektive. Denn einerseits können sich psychische Erkrankungen auf elterliche Kompetenzen auswirken, andererseits weisen Kinder psychisch erkrankter Eltern eine erhöhte Vulnerabilität auf, selbst psychische Krankheiten zu entwickeln. Nicht zuletzt können psychische Erkrankungen mit Auswirkungen auf weitere Lebensbereiche der Familien verbunden sein, wie beruflicher Tätigkeit und damit verbundener finanzieller Ressourcen sowie sozialen Kontakten mit möglicher Isolation, der Freizeitgestaltung u.a.m.. Dadurch kann die Erreichung altersentsprechender Entwicklungsaufgaben der Kinder und Eltern erschwert werden. Ein entwicklungsorientierter Ansatz der Hilfen integriert alle Akteure und Institutionen der Hilfen, neben den psychiatrisch-psychotherapeutischen für Kinder, Jugendliche und Erwachsene, jene der Jugend- und Familienhilfe sowie weiterer Tätigkeitsfelder der Sozialen Arbeit, der Angehörigenverbände bis hin zu Schule und Kindertagesstätten. Dadurch kommt ein entwicklungsorientierter Ansatz zentralen Anliegen der Ottawa-Charta nach, u.a. der Vernetzung der Gesundheitsdienste und psychosozialer Unterstützungsangebote, der Befähigung Betroffener sowie der Bereitstellung möglichst förderlicher Ausgangs- und Entwicklungsbedingungen für Kinder und Jugendliche. Dadurch sollen die Erreichung altersspezifischer Entwicklungsaufgaben und Teilhabe verbessert und die Risiken für die Transmission von Entwicklungsrisiken infolge elterlicher psychischer Erkrankungen minimiert werden. Vorgestellt wird die Arbeit der regionalen Arbeitsgruppe Kinder und psychisch erkrankte Eltern (KupkE) sowie zwei Projekte, die eine Weiterentwicklung des Versorgungsangebotes für Familien mit einem psychisch erkrankten Elternteil und deren Kinder anstreben. Ein Projekt versucht die professionelle außerhäusliche bzw. familienergänzende Kindertagesbetreuung für Unter-3-jährige in das Hilfsnetz einzubeziehen. Ein weiteres Projekt versucht den Ansatz der Genesungsbegleitung (EX-IN) dahingehend zu erweitern, dass Genesungsbegleiterinnen und -begleiter, die selbst in Elternverantwortung sind, psychisch erkrankte Eltern durch ihre Expertise aus Erfahrung unterstützen können. KW - Entwicklungsorientierter Ansatz KW - Genesungsbegleitung KW - Kinder psychisch kranker Eltern KW - Kindertagesbetreuung Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-658-43333-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-43334-5_14 SN - 2731-8834 SP - 227 EP - 245 PB - Springer VS CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Stojanović-Blab, Maja A1 - Blab, Daniel ED - Heese, Carl ED - Schütz, Sandra ED - Obergrießer, Stefanie T1 - Entwicklungsschritte in der EU hin zu einer verpflichtenden Nachhaltigkeitsberichterstattung von Unternehmen T2 - Die Nachhaltigkeitsziele der UN im Spiegel der Wissenschaft : Beispiele aus der Sozial- und Gesundheitsforschung N2 - In Zeiten des Klimawandels, sozialer Ungleichheiten und Ressourcenknappheit ist eine verantwortungsvolle Unternehmensführung essenziell für eine nachhaltige globale Entwicklung der Wirtschaft. Die Nachhaltigkeitsberichterstattung trägt dazu bei, dass Unternehmen ihre ökologischen, sozialen und ökonomischen Auswirkungen transparent für die Stakeholder*innen darstellen und Verantwortung für ihr Handeln übernehmen. Bis zur Finanzkrise 2008 basierte die Nachhaltigkeitsberichterstattung von Unternehmen in der EU auf einer freiwilligen Erstellung, die aber als Konsequenz aus den Lehren der Finanzkrise durch eine Pflicht zur Nachhaltigkeitsberichterstattung ersetzt wurde. Gründe waren u. a., dass das Freiwilligkeitsprinzip der Nachhaltigkeitsberichterstattung nur bedingt die erhofften Impulse für eine an Nachhaltigkeitsaspekten ausgerichtete Unternehmensführung gegeben hat und durch den politischen Willen der EU zur Transformation in eine nachhaltige Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft mittels einer erhöhten Transparenz Kapitalströme in nachhaltige Unternehmen und Geschäftstätigkeiten gelenkt werden sollen. KW - CSRD KW - Doppelte Wesentlichkeit KW - NFRD Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-658-43333-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-43334-5_8 SN - 2731-8834 SP - 123 EP - 140 PB - Springer VS CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schmailzl, Marc A1 - Linner, Thomas ED - Heese, Carl ED - Schütz, Sandra ED - Obergrießer, Stefanie T1 - ReduSys - Kontaktreduzierte Pflege durch multimodale Systeme, Robotik und digitales Bauen T2 - Die Nachhaltigkeitsziele der UN im Spiegel der Wissenschaft: Beispiele aus der Sozial- und Gesundheitsforschung N2 - Durch die fortschreitende Digitalisierung wird der klinische bzw. pflegerische Kontext zunehmend interdisziplinär. Im Zuge dessen wird die menschzentrierte und zugleich integrative Technologieentwicklung immer wichtiger um adäquate und reflektierte Systemlösungen für die Herausforderungen (z. B. demografischer Wandel, Fachkräftemangel etc.) von heute als auch morgen zu schaffen. In diesem Beitrag wird daher das Forschungsprojekt (BMBF-Projekt) ReduSys (Akronym: Kontaktreduzierte Pflege im klinischen Umfeld durch multimodale Systeme und Robotik) vorgestellt und die sozio-technischen Entwicklungen im Kontext der Nachhaltigkeit erörtert. ReduSys strebt eine ganzheitliche Systemlösung an, welche bestehend aus verschiedenen Technologien (z. B. Sensorik, IoT, Robotik VR etc.) den Übergang von der herkömmlichen zur kontaktreduzierten Pflege (z. B. bei pandemischen Situationen wie der Covid-19 Pandemie) ermöglichen soll. Durch den Technologieeinsatz (z. B. kontaktlos-kontinuierliche Vitalparametererfassung via Medical Smart Bed oder humanoide Robotik via ‚Robody‘ etc.) sollen Pflegekräfte nachhaltig entlastet und gleichzeitig eine bessere Patientenfürsorge gewährleistet werden. In diesem Zusammenhang bildet die Fakultät Bauingenieurwesen mit dem ‚Building Lab/Digitales Bauen‘ an der OTH Regensburg die Schnittstelle zwischen gebauter Umwelt und den eingesetzten digitalen und robotischen Technologien. Darüber hinaus wird der Systemansatz durch die weiteren Projektpartner komplementiert und kontinuierlich praxisnah validiert, um eine möglichst integrative Systemlösung zu gewährleisten. In diesem Beitrag wird auf die Entwicklung digitaler, als auch modularer Technologie als ‚Infill‘ für Gebäude bzw. Möbel seitens der OTH Regensburg eingegangen, um veranschaulichen zu können, wie mit gezielten technologischen Eingriffen ein signifikanter Mehrwert für die klinische bzw. pflegerische Umgebung geschaffen werden kann und simultan Aspekte der ökologischen, sozialen, wie auch wirtschaftlichen Nachhaltigkeit in die technische Entwicklung miteinfließen können KW - Kontaktreduzierte Pflege KW - Multimodale Systeme KW - Robotik KW - Sensorik Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-658-43333-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-43334-5_17 SN - 2731-8834 SP - 301 EP - 316 PB - Springer VS CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Richter, Stefanie ED - Heese, Carl ED - Schütz, Sandra ED - Obergrießer, Stefanie T1 - Herausforderungen für Wissenschaft und Forschung im Kontext von nachhaltiger Entwicklung. Ein Essay mit gesundheitswissenschaftlichem Fokus T2 - Die Nachhaltigkeitsziele der UN im Spiegel der Wissenschaft : Beispiele aus der Sozial- und Gesundheitsforschung N2 - In der Agenda 2030 wird dem Zusammenspiel von Technologie, Innovation und Wissenschaft eine zentrale Bedeutung zur nachhaltigen Entwicklung beigemessen. Wissenschaft und Forschung werden neben Politik, Gesellschaft und Wirtschaft als Co-Akteure zur Lösung komplexer gesellschaftlicher und globaler Herausforderungen betrachtet. Ausgehend von den Entwicklungslinien der UN-Debatte und den darin zutage tretenden Erwartungen an Wissenschaft und Forschung setzt sich der Artikel kritisch mit dem Innovationsverständnis und den Anforderungen an Forschungs- und Entwicklungszusammenhänge unter besonderer Berücksichtigung von Transdisziplinarität und Gesundheitsforschung auseinander. KW - Gesundheitsforschung KW - Innovationen KW - Nachhaltige Entwicklung KW - Transdisziplinarität Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-658-43333-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-43334-5_19 SN - 2731-8834 SP - 337 EP - 354 PB - Springer VS CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Strassburger, Steffen A1 - Galka, Stefan A1 - Lang, Sebastian A1 - Reggelin, Tobias ED - Bui, Tung T1 - Introduction to the Minitrack on Simulation Modeling, Artificial Intelligence and Digital Twins for Decision Making in Production and Logistics T2 - Proceedings of the 58th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, January 7-10, 2025, Honolulu, Hawaii N2 - The minitrack contains contributions with a focus on simulation modeling and digital twins and decision making in the context of Industry 4.0. The use of simulation models and digital twins is manifold, from planning to virtual commission and real-time operational decision support. Cyber-physical systems integrate the real world and the virtual world to enable decision making in the age of Industry 4.0. For example, customer decisions and supply disruptions which directly influence manufacturing and logistics systems require immediate decisions. Thus, models must have the capability to support decision making in manufacturing as well as in internal and external logistics in real-time. Methods include discrete-event simulation, discrete-rate simulation, hybrid simulation, system dynamics simulation, the combination of simulation modeling with machine learning or optimization heuristics, prescriptive analytics, and adaptive systems. Furthermore, this minitrack addresses simulation education and simulation models and digital twins used for education and training in manufacturing and logistics. Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-0-9981331-8-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.24251/HICSS.2025.205 SP - 1677 EP - 1678 PB - University of Hawaii at Manoa ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schöpf, Nicolas A1 - Hildner, Sonja A1 - Lieb, Veronika ED - Heese, Carl ED - Schütz, Sandra ED - Obergrießer, Stefanie T1 - Lebensweltbezug und Hilfe zur Selbsthilfe bei Langzeitarbeitslosigkeit: Ein Beitrag zu nachhaltiger Reintegration in Beschäftigung? T2 - Die Nachhaltigkeitsziele der UN im Spiegel der Wissenschaft : Beispiele aus der Sozial- und Gesundheitsforschung N2 - Die Reintegration in Erwerbstätigkeit wird bei langzeitarbeitslosen Personen dann zur Herausforderung, wenn individuelle multiple Problemlagen aus physischen und psychischen Krankheiten, mangelnder sozialer Teilhabe, Schwierigkeiten in der Bewältigung des Alltags und geringen (beruflichen) Kompetenzen vorliegen. Konventionelle Konzepte der Arbeitsmarktdienstleistung, insbesondere auch das Beschäftigungsorientierte Fallmanagement der Jobcenter, sind hier mitunter auch deshalb überfordert, weil zeitliche und materielle Ressourcen für eine angemessene Betreuung nicht ausreichen und das Prinzip der Beschäftigungsorientierung eine niedrigschwellige, ggf. auch aufsuchende sozialpädagogische Unterstützung nicht erlaubt. Der Beitrag beschäftigt sich vor diesem Hintergrund mit den Möglichkeiten, die ein lebensweltbezogenes Fallmanagement für eine nachhaltige berufliche Reintegration eröffnen könnte. Dabei geht es um die Fragen, was Lebensweltorientierung im Bereich der Arbeitsmarktdienstleistung bedeuten kann, welchen Beitrag sie zu einer nachhaltigen Verbesserung sozialer und beruflicher Teilhabe leisten und wie Nachhaltigkeit in diesem Zusammenhang verstanden werden kann. KW - Arbeitsmarktintegration KW - Bürgergeld KW - Health Literacy KW - Langzeitarbeitslosigkeit KW - Lebenswelt KW - Nachhaltigkeit KW - Selbsthilfe Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-658-43333-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-43334-5_6 SN - 2731-8834 SP - 89 EP - 106 PB - Springer VS CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Curbach, Janina ED - Heese, Carl ED - Schütz, Sandra ED - Obergrießer, Stefanie T1 - Nachhaltigkeit im Gesundheitswesen: Ökologische Transformation im Unternehmen Krankenhaus T2 - Die Nachhaltigkeitsziele der UN im Spiegel der Wissenschaft : Beispiele aus der Sozial- und Gesundheitsforschung N2 - Die Gesundheitswirtschaft ist nicht nur für die Versorgung der Bevölkerung unerlässlich, sondern sie hat auch eine große ökonomische Bedeutung: Im Jahr 2020 wurden im Gesundheitssektor 12,1 % des deutschen Bruttoinlandsprodukts erwirtschaftet, in etwa die Hälfte davon in der Gesundheitsversorgung. Gleichzeitig ist der ökologische Fußabdruck der Gesundheitswirtschaft erheblich: Sie ist z. B. in Deutschland für 5,2 % der gesamten klimaschädlichen Emissionen verantwortlich. Ein relevanter Anteil der Emissionen fällt dabei in der stationären Gesundheitsversorgung in Krankenhäusern an, die einen hohen Ressourcenverbrauch (Energie, Wasser und Verbrauchsmittel) und ein hohes Abfallaufkommen haben. In den letzten Jahrzehnten haben sich politische Initiativen entwickelt, die sich für mehr Nachhaltigkeit in Krankenhäusern einsetzen: Zum einen engagieren sich in einer globalen Bewegung die Gesundheitsberufe für den Erhalt der natürlichen Lebensgrundlagen und ein nachhaltiges Gesundheitswesen (Klimaschutz als Gesundheitsschutz). Zum anderen sind Krankenhäuser zunehmend unter Effizienz- und Regulierungsdruck, Managementstrategien und Berichterstattung zu Nachhaltigkeit einzuführen. Der Buchbeitrag wird den Stand der Forschung und Praxis in Bezug auf die Transformation von Krankenhäusern zu nachhaltigen Organisationen beschreiben, und ihre spezifischen ökologischen Herausforderungen und Handlungsfelder vorstellen. KW - Aktivismus für Planetary Health KW - Nachhaltigkeitsmanagement im Krankenhaus KW - Ökologische Nachhaltigkeit im Gesundheitswesen Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-658-43333-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-43334-5_18 SN - 2731-8834 SP - 317 EP - 333 PB - Springer VS CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Feder, Tanja ED - Heese, Carl ED - Schütz, Sandra ED - Obergrießer, Stefanie T1 - Männliche Fachkräfte – eine Ressource in der Frühpädagogik – Hindernisse und Handlungsmöglichkeiten im Akquiseprozess T2 - Die Nachhaltigkeitsziele der UN im Spiegel der Wissenschaft : Beispiele aus der Sozial- und Gesundheitsforschung N2 - Die praktische Sozialpädagogik in Deutschland ist ein überwiegend von Frauen dominiertes Arbeitsfeld. Männer sind nach wie vor in der institutionellen Erziehungsarbeit nicht genügend repräsentiert. Im Zuge der Geschlechtergleichstellung und den von der Weltgemeinschaft in der Agenda 2030 formulierten Nachhaltigkeitszielen (Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)) ist demnach die Forderung nach einer Anhebung des Männeranteils in der Frühpädagogik eine logische Forderung um Gleichberechtigung zu schaffen und die Diversität des Arbeitsfeldes zu fördern. Nachfolgender Artikel zeigt mögliche Ursachen für die geringe Zahl der Männer in diesem Handlungsfeld auf und leitet Handlungsempfehlungen für die institutionelle Praxis ab. KW - Fachkräftemangel KW - Frühpädagogik KW - Männliche Fachkräfte KW - Pädagogisches Personal KW - Personalakquise Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-658-43333-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-43334-5_7 SN - 2731-8834 SP - 107 EP - 121 PB - Springer VS CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Marterer, Verena A1 - Muhr, Franz-Xaver A1 - Soukup, Radek A1 - Hipp, Susanne A1 - Blecha, Tomáš T1 - Material Characterization Using Waveguide Measurement Technique for the Development of Textile Antennas T2 - 2025 19th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP), Stockholm, Sweden, 3/30/2025 - 4/4/2025 N2 - Significant advances in using conductive textiles have been made over the past two decades, particularly in knitted fabrics. The aim is to deepen understanding of how knitted structures, especially those with hybrid yarns containing fine conductive elements (microwires), interact with electromagnetic fields. To establish simulation models that align with subsequent measurements, it is crucial to determine the dielectric properties, specifically relative permittivity and loss tangent/conductivity. This research investigates whether knitted structures with hybrid yarns exhibit anisotropic permittivity, meaning different dielectric properties along orthogonal axes within the fabric plane. These properties were measured using a waveguide technique’ whereby the structures were rotated by 90° to observe changes. The results demonstrate that the knitted structure exhibits metallic-like reflective behavior in one direction, while rotation leads to dielectric material characteristics. This effect is influenced by the number of conductive microwires and the materials used for these wires, such as silver-plated copper or bronze. KW - Anisotropic KW - Anisotropic magnetoresistance KW - conductive textiles, anisotropy, polarization KW - Dielectric loss measurement KW - Electromagnetic interaction KW - Electromagnetic waveguides KW - Fabrics KW - Hybrid yarns KW - Knitted structure KW - Permittivity KW - Permittivity measurement KW - Textile antennas KW - Wires KW - Yarn Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-88-31299-10-7 U6 - https://doi.org/10.23919/EuCAP63536.2025.10999278 SP - 1 EP - 5 PB - IEEE ER - TY - INPR A1 - Lehrer, Tobias A1 - Stocker, Philipp A1 - Duddeck, Fabian A1 - Wagner, Marcus T1 - UCSM: Dataset of U-Shaped Parametric CAD Geometries and Real-World Sheet Metal Meshes for Deep Drawing N2 - The development of machine learning (ML) applications in deep drawing is hindered by limited data availability and the absence of open-access benchmarks for validating novel approaches, including domain generalization over distinct geometries. This paper addresses these challenges by introducing a comprehensive U-shaped dataset tailored to this manufacturing process. Our U-Channel sheet metal (UCSM) dataset combines 90 real-world meshes with an infinite number of synthetic geometry samples generated from four parametric Computer-Aided Design (CAD) models, ensuring extensive geometry variety and data quantity. Additionally, a ready-to-use dataset for drawability assessment and segmentation is provided. Leveraging CAD and mesh data sources bridges the gap between sparse data availability and ML requirements. Our analysis demonstrates that the proposed parametric models are geometrically valid, and real-world and synthetic data complement each other effectively, providing robust support for ML model development. While the dataset is confined to U-shaped, thin-walled, deep drawing scenarios, it considerably aids in overcoming data scarcity. Thereby, it facilitates the validation and comparison of new geometry-generalizing ML methodologies in this domain. By providing this benchmark dataset, we enhance the comparability and validation of emerging methods for ML advancements in sheet metal forming. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5268323 N1 - Zugehöriges Datenset: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15327950 PB - SSRN ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Curbach, Janina ED - Heese, Carl ED - Schütz, Sandra ED - Obergrießer, Stefanie T1 - Nachhaltigkeit im Reallabor Hochschule: eine Social Marketing-Kampagne zur Mitarbeitendensensibilisierung an der OTH Regensburg T2 - Die Nachhaltigkeitsziele der UN im Spiegel der Wissenschaft : Beispiele aus der Sozial- und Gesundheitsforschung N2 - Nachhaltigkeit als gesellschaftliche Transformationsaufgabe bringt auch für öffentliche Hochschulen neue Verantwortung mit sich. Auch an der Ostbayerischen Technischen Hochschule Regensburg (OTHR) ist Nachhaltigkeit und Klimagerechtigkeit deshalb ein hochschulweites Strategiethema. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird die Umsetzung und Evaluation einer Social Marketing-Kampagne vorgestellt, durch die Mitarbeitende der OTHR für nachhaltiges Verhalten am Arbeitsplatz sensibilisiert werden sollten. Basierend auf dem Konzept der Reallabor-Forschung sollte durch die Maßnahme gleichzeitig die Partizipation und Mitsprache der Mitarbeitenden gestärkt werden, indem sie Anregungen zur Weiterentwicklung von Maßnahmen zu Nachhaltigkeit auf dem Campus einbringen konnten. Die Kampagne umfasste Poster und Aufkleber mit Hinweisen zu nachhaltigem Handeln am Arbeitsplatz, die Evaluation erfolgte mittels einer standardisierten Online-Befragung der Mitarbeitenden (n = 140) und einer Fokusgruppendiskussion. Die Ergebnisse der Evaluation zeigen unter anderem eine große Akzeptanz von Hinweisen zu Nachhaltigkeit am Arbeitsplatz (83 %), eine hohe Wirksamkeitserwartung bezüglich des eigenen Beitrags zu Nachhaltigkeit (97 %) und selbstberichtete Veränderungen bei Motivation und Verhalten bei ca. einem Drittel der Befragten. Die qualitativen Daten zeigen, dass sich die Mitarbeitenden eine Ausweitung der Maßnahmen zu Nachhaltigkeit an der Hochschule wünschen, an Online-Kommunikation und Schulungen zum Thema interessiert sind und eine stärkere Bewerbung bestehender Aktivitäten und konkretes Feedback auf das eigene nachhaltige Verhalten wünschen (z. B. Höhe der CO2-Einsparung). KW - Interventionsstudie KW - Mitarbeitendensensibilisierung KW - Nachhaltiges Verhalten am Arbeitsplatz KW - Nachhaltigkeit im Hochschulsetting KW - Social Marketing Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-658-43333-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-43334-5_20 SN - 2731-8834 SP - 355 EP - 372 PB - Springer VS CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Huszák, Loretta A1 - Kauppinen, Antti A1 - Saßmannshausen, Sean Patrick A1 - Sobolieva, Tetiana A1 - Steger, Thomas ED - Huszák, Loretta ED - Kauppinen, Antti ED - Saßmannshausen, Sean Patrick ED - Sobolieva, Tetiana ED - Steger, Thomas T1 - Entrepreneurship Education in the Danube Region JF - JEEMS - Journal of East European Management Studies, Special Issue 2024: Entrepreneurship Education in Central and East Europe N2 - Resources for entrepreneurship education are not evenly distributed around the world, and territorial cooperation is often necessary. This is particularly true for the Eastern European region and especially for the Danube region. Entrepreneurship research (including entrepreneurship education) has a long tradition in Western countries but catching up and integration into international networks poses a challenge, especially for Eastern countries. The aim of this special issue is to contribute to the development of this international cooperation by presenting research and best practices in entrepreneurship education in Central and Eastern Europe. The special issue is part of the Danube Cup initiative, which combines entrepreneurship teaching and research to provide opportunities for entrepreneurship educators to benchmark best educational practices and develop inspiring research results in the field of entrepreneurship education. KW - Entrepreneurship KW - Entrepreneurship Education KW - Entrepreneurship Research Y1 - 2025 SN - 9783748949602 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5771/9783748949602-7 SP - 7 EP - 14 PB - Nomos ER - TY - GEN A1 - Eiler, Julian A1 - Weber, Stefan A1 - Gerlesberger, Peter A1 - Plöchinger, Heinz A1 - Schreiner, Rupert T1 - Miniaturized Pirani vacuum sensor with active heat-loss compensation T2 - Verhandlungen der Deutschen Physikalischen Gesellschaft e.V. (DPG), Regensburg, 16. - 21. März 2025 N2 - Pirani sensors measure the thermal conductivity of the residual gas in a vacuum by creating a thermal gradient between a heated sensor element and a heat sink. The heat flux from the sensor element to the heat sink over the residual gas is a measure of the vacuum and can be determined by the electrical power applied. In addition to the heat flux over the gas, there are further energy losses from the heating structure due to radiation and parasitic heat fluxes via the suspensions of the sensor element. These losses reduce the sensitivity of the sensor. For this reason, a Micro-Pirani sensor in the shape of a microhotplate was developed that actively compensates the heat flux via the suspensions. This was achieved by placing additional heating structures on the suspensions, which interrupt the heat flow from the sensor element via the suspensions during operation. This active compensation improves the sensitivity at low pressures, enabling vacuum measurements from atmospheric pressure down to 10e-6 mbar. Y1 - 2025 UR - https://www.dpg-verhandlungen.de/year/2025/conference/regensburg/part/o/session/66/contribution/7 SN - 2751-0522 PB - Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft e.V. ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Ali, Md. Wajed A1 - Ahmmed, Tanvir A1 - Al Emran, Md A1 - Roy, Dipon A1 - Refat, Kawsar Ahmed A1 - Khan, Robiul T1 - Driver Fatigue Detection using CWT-Extracted Features and a Deep Learning Approach (CNNLSTM) T2 - 2024 IEEE International Conference on Biomedical Engineering, Computer and Information Technology for Health (BECITHCON), 28-29 Nov. 2024, Dhaka, Bangladesh N2 - Driver fatigue is a leading reason behind traffic accidents globally, resulting in significant threats to public safety and substantial economic costs. Electroencephalography (EEG) has shown to be a critical tool for identifying driver fatigue as it can record brain activity associated with sleepiness, which gives it an advantage over other physiological modalities. Although raw EEG data can provide insightful information, accurate fatigue identification requires strong feature extraction techniques because of the inherent complexity of the data. This emphasizes how urgent it is to investigate revolutionary deep-learning architectures that can successfully extract discriminative features from raw EEG data. This study provides an innovative framework for driver fatigue identification from EEG that combines continuous wavelet transform (CWT) with convolutional neural networks (CNN) and long-short term memory (LSTM). In order to gain the advantage over the drawbacks of manual feature extraction, this study generates time-frequency spectrum representations of EEG data using the CWT. Following extracting information, each channel’s time-frequency images are concatenated and fed into a CNN-LSTM architecture. This combination models the temporal and spatial characteristics of the EEG data and automatically learns discriminative features for identifying drivers’ normal and fatigued states. A publicly available EEG dataset with recordings from twelve subjects is used to evaluate the proposed CWT-CNN-LSTM architecture. The result shows a prominent classification accuracy of 98.34% for both the average of each subject and combined subjects. These findings show how well the CNN-LSTM framework captures EEG patterns associated with fatigue, which may result in more reliable driver fatigue detection systems and improved traffic safety. KW - Accuracy KW - Brain modeling KW - CNN KW - Continuous wavelet transforms KW - Convolutional neural networks KW - CWT KW - Deep learning KW - Deep Learning (DL) KW - Driver Fatigue KW - EEG KW - Electroencephalography KW - Fatigue KW - Feature extraction KW - Long short term memory KW - LSTM KW - Time-frequency analysis Y1 - 2025 UR - https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10962632 SN - 979-8-3315-3435-6 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/BECITHCON64160.2024.10962632 SP - 77 EP - 82 PB - IEEE CY - Piscataway, NJ ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Maier, Eva A1 - Zentgraf, Jan A1 - Angele, Eveline A1 - Zorzin, José A1 - Taschner, Michael A1 - Widbiller, Matthias A1 - Galler, Kerstin A1 - Schratzenstaller, Thomas T1 - A re-usable 3D-printed training model for the endodontic management of dental trauma in immature teeth JF - International endodontic journal N2 - AIM: To develop a 3D-printed model enabling treatment simulation of trauma-related endodontic and restorative procedures like revitalization or placement of an apical plug on teeth with incomplete root formation. METHODOLOGY: To generate a realistic training model suitable for trauma-related simulations, CT-Data sets were segmented, combined, adjusted and optimized using computer-aided design features. Specific focus was on optimally reflecting characteristics of immature teeth like open apical foramina and thin root walls. For reflection of the revitalization process, a set-up including a tube filled with red liquid under pressure was developed to be perforated during the procedure by the trainee, simulating bleeding from the apical papilla into the root canal system. Design was based on a combination of cost-effective simple parts combined with 3D-printed components to achieve maximal accessibility, exchangeability and re-usability. Model assembly and preparation were described in step-by-step instructions. RESULTS: As a result of the developmental process, the presented model qualifies for the training of the endodontic management of complications on immature teeth after dental trauma. Step-by-step descriptions aligned with the clinical procedures are performable for a revitalization procedure, for pulpotomy followed by fragment re-attachment and splint application and for placement of an apical plug using hydraulic calcium silicate cements. CONCLUSIONS: The model successfully achieved its intended objectives, so that it may be used in the future in various dental trauma treatment simulations for undergraduate and postgraduate education on the endodontic management of trauma-related therapies in immature teeth. Its common manufacturing process, affordability and re-usability support accessibility and sustainability. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/iej.14235 SN - 1365-2591 VL - 2025 PB - Wiley ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weilhammer, Theresa A1 - Warren, Hunter S. A1 - Bliznyuk, Valery A1 - Kutsevol, Nataliya A1 - Booth, Brian W. T1 - Analysis of Photodynamic Therapeutic Treatment of HER2-Positive Breast Cancer In Vitro JF - BioNanoScience N2 - Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a minimally invasive cancer treatment method. The antitumor effect of PDT mediated by the photosensitizer meta-tetra(hydroxyphenyl)chlorin (m-THPC) was studied in vitro on HER2-positive (HER2+) breast cancer cells. Since the application of m-THPC is limited due to poor tumor targeting abilities, the polymer carrier dextran-grafted-polyacrylamide (D-g-PAA) with attached gold nanoparticles was loaded with m-THPC to provide a light-responsive, tumor targeting nanocomposite. The nanocomposite was absorbed by the cancer cells within 90 min and activated through irradiation with red light at a wavelength of 660 nm. In this study, the efficiency and ideal dose of the nanocomposite were evaluated and determined based on cell viability and induction of apoptosis of HER2+ breast cancer cells and human breast epithelial cells. We demonstrate that the nanocomposite exhibited phototoxicity with cell mortality exceeding 50% for the HER2+ breast cancer cells. In contrast, the human breast epithelial cells were minimally affected at the same concentration of the nanocomposite, demonstrating the tumor-targeting abilities of the developed nanocomposite. Dark toxicity was also comparably lower, indicating the limited effect of the unactivated nanocomposite. The results revealed that apoptosis was the primary mode of cell death in HER2+ breast cancer cells. Apoptotic cell death was induced in HER2+ breast cancer cells via the caspase-3, caspase-9, and Bax pathways. In conclusion, the studied nanocomposite demonstrated excellent PDT performance with good antitumor activity under light irradiation in vitro and is worthy of further investigation as an alternative treatment for HER2+ breast cancer. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12668-025-01940-4 VL - 15 PB - Springer ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Keiner, Dominik A1 - Walter, Lukas A1 - Bogdanov, Dmitrii A1 - Peters, Ian Marius A1 - Breyer, Christian T1 - Assessing the impact of bifacial solar photovoltaics on future power systems based on capacity-density-optimised power plant yield modelling JF - Solar Energy N2 - Bifacial solar photovoltaic (PV) technology is currently taking over the solar PV module market, exceeding a 90% share in 2025. This important technology must be included in energy system modelling. This study provides a method for calculating the yield of monofacial and bifacial power plants in fixed-tilted, single-axis tracking, and east-west facing vertical setup. A novel method is introduced to maximise the capacity density of solar PV power plants without the need for detailed land cost for the most efficient use of the occupied area. The results indicate a 15-20% yield gain from single-axis tracking compared to fixed-tilted power plants, and a limited bifacial gain of up to 10% for most areas of the world. Higher bifacial gains are sporadically possible in specific conditions. Fixed-tilted systems show higher bifacial gains. Optimising tilt angles and row pitch would allow for 147 MW/ km2 capacity density today, though on average 70-110 MW/km2 can be achieved for 20.2% module efficiency. The impact on the power system, studied in a free cost optimisation scenario and forcing vertical bifacial PV scenario, implying agrivoltaics, is not significant with a +/- 10% change in total solar PV capacity, change in installed wind power of on average-10%, increase of installed battery capacity of on average 5%, and an on average changed levelised cost of electricity of-2% globally. Bifacial solar PV technology has been found to be beneficial but no game changer for future power systems; system improvements are widely possible underlining the important role of this technology. KW - Bifacial KW - Capacity density KW - Energy system modelling KW - Monofacial KW - photovoltaics KW - Power plant Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2025.113543 VL - 295 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hoess, Nicole A1 - Paradis, Carlos A1 - Kazman, Rick A1 - Mauerer, Wolfgang T1 - Does the Tool Matter? Exploring Some Causes of Threats to Validity in Mining Software Repositories T2 - 2025 IEEE International Conference on Software Analysis, Evolution and Reengineering (SANER), Montreal, QC, Canada, March, 4-7, 2025 N2 - Software repositories are an essential source of information for software engineering research on topics such as project evolution and developer collaboration. Appropriate mining tools and analysis pipelines are therefore an indispensable precondition for many research activities. Ideally, valid results should not depend on technical details of data collection and processing. It is, however, widely acknowledged that mining pipelines are complex, with a multitude of implementation decisions made by tool authors based on their interests and assumptions. This raises the questions if (and to what extent) tools agree on their results and are interchangeable. In this study, we use two tools to extract and analyse ten large software projects, quantitatively and qualitatively comparing results and derived data to better understand this concern. We analyse discrepancies from a technical point of view, and adjust code and parametrisation to minimise replication differences. Our results indicate that despite similar trends, even simple metrics such as the numbers of commits and developers may differ by up to 500%. We find that such substantial differences are often caused by minor technical details. We show how tool-level and data post-processing changes can overcome these issues, but find they may require considerable efforts. We summarise identified causes in our lessons learned to help researchers and practitioners avoid common pitfalls, and reflect on implementation decisions and their influence in ensuring obtained data meets explicit and implicit expectations. Our findings lead us to hypothesise that similar uncertainties exist in other analysis tools, which may limit the validity of conclusions drawn in tool-centric research. KW - Codes KW - Collaboration KW - Data collection KW - Data mining KW - Developer Networks KW - Empirical Software Engineering KW - Market research KW - Measurement KW - Mining Software Repositories KW - Pipelines KW - Research Software KW - Software engineering KW - Uncertainty Y1 - 2025 SN - 979-8-3315-3510-0 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/SANER64311.2025.00067 SP - 645 EP - 656 PB - IEEE ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Doepfert, Markus A1 - Candas, Soner A1 - Kraus, Hermann A1 - Tzscheutschler, Peter A1 - Hamacher, Thomas T1 - Assessing the techno-economic benefits of LEMs for different grid topologies and prosumer shares JF - iScience N2 - The shift toward decentralized and renewable energy sources has introduced significant challenges to traditional power systems, necessitating innovative market designs. Local energy markets present a viable solution for integrating distributed energy resources such as photovoltaic systems, electric vehicles, and heat pumps. This study investigates the techno-economic implications of local energy markets compared to conventional market designs, focusing on their impact on average energy prices and operational peak power. Through comprehensive simulations across various grid topologies with varying penetration levels of the distributed energy resources, totaling 400 simulation setups, we demonstrate that local energy markets can enhance economic efficiency and grid stability with 99% of the scenarios boasting lower average energy prices and 80% lower operational peak power levels. The findings suggest that local energy markets can play a role in the future energy system, provided that additional infrastructure, management costs, and bureaucratic complexity are kept to a minimum. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2025.112493 VL - 28 IS - 6 PB - Elsevier - Cell Press ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Knödler, Christoph A1 - Schroll-Decker, Irmgard A1 - Schiegl, Corina ED - Heese, Carl ED - Schütz, Sandra ED - Obergrießer, Stefanie T1 - Der Begriff der Nachhaltigkeit in der Sozialgerichtsbarkeit T2 - Die Nachhaltigkeitsziele der UN im Spiegel der Wissenschaft : Beispiele aus der Sozial- und Gesundheitsforschung N2 - Dieser Beitrag fokussiert die Verwendung des Begriffes der „Nachhaltigkeit“ inklusive dazugehöriger Konnotationen in der Rechtsprechung der Sozialgerichtsbarkeit, ausgehend von der europa- und verfassungsrechtlichen Ebene über das Bundessozialgericht (BSG), die Landessozialgerichte (LSG) bis hin zu den Sozialgerichten (SG). In diesem Zusammenhang werden Entscheidungen recherchiert und analysiert, die die Begriffe Nachhaltigkeit oder nachhaltige Entwicklung beinhalten. Die Sichtungen und Auswertungen umfassen insbesondere aktuelle Entscheidungen zu Aspekten sozialer Nachhaltigkeit, die strukturiert und inhaltlich aufbereitet werden. Aufgrund des primär rechtsauslegenden und rechtsanwendenden Charakters der analysierten Entscheidungen und einer bisher nicht erfolgten Juridifizierung von intergenerationeller Gerechtigkeit bilden die Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) lediglich politische Zielvorgaben. KW - Intergenerationelle Gerechtigkeit KW - Juridifizierung KW - Sozialgerichtsbarkeit Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-658-43333-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-43334-5_4 SN - 2731-8834 SP - 53 EP - 67 PB - Springer VS CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Deuter, Daniel A1 - Haj, Amer A1 - Brawanski, Alexander A1 - Krenkel, Lars A1 - Schmidt, Nils Ole A1 - Doenitz, Christian T1 - Fast simulation of hemodynamics in intracranial aneurysms for clinical use JF - Acta Neurochirurgica N2 - BACKGROUND: A widely accepted tool to assess hemodynamics, one of the most important factors in aneurysm pathophysiology, is Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). As current workflows are still time consuming and difficult to operate, CFD is not yet a standard tool in the clinical setting. There it could provide valuable information on aneurysm treatment, especially regarding local risks of rupture, which might help to optimize the individualized strategy of neurosurgical dissection during microsurgical aneurysm clipping. METHOD: We established and validated a semi-automated workflow using 3D rotational angiographies of 24 intracranial aneurysms from patients having received aneurysm treatment at our centre. Reconstruction of vessel geometry and generation of volume meshes was performed using AMIRA 6.2.0 and ICEM 17.1. For solving ANSYS CFX was used. For validational checks, tests regarding the volumetric impact of smoothing operations, the impact of mesh sizes on the results (grid convergence), geometric mesh quality and time tests for the time needed to perform the workflow were conducted in subgroups. RESULTS: Most of the steps of the workflow were performed directly on the 3D images requiring no programming experience. The workflow led to final CFD results in a mean time of 22 min 51.4 s (95%-CI 20 min 51.562 s-24 min 51.238 s, n = 5). Volume of the geometries after pre-processing was in mean 4.46% higher than before in the analysed subgroup (95%-CI 3.43-5.50%). Regarding mesh sizes, mean relative aberrations of 2.30% (95%-CI 1.51-3.09%) were found for surface meshes and between 1.40% (95%-CI 1.07-1.72%) and 2.61% (95%-CI 1.93-3.29%) for volume meshes. Acceptable geometric mesh quality of volume meshes was found. CONCLUSIONS: We developed a semi-automated workflow for aneurysm CFD to benefit from hemodynamic data in the clinical setting. The ease of handling opens the workflow to clinicians untrained in programming. As previous studies have found that the distribution of hemodynamic parameters correlates with thin-walled aneurysm areas susceptible to rupture, these data might be beneficial for the operating neurosurgeon during aneurysm surgery, even in acute cases. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00701-025-06469-9 VL - 167 PB - Springer ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schmiedt, Anja B. A1 - Empacher, Christina A1 - Kamps, Udo T1 - One- and two-sided prediction intervals for future Pareto record values with applications JF - Journal of Statistical Theory and Applications N2 - Based on upper record values in a series of observations over time from a Pareto distribution, an exact and several approximate one-sided and two-sided prediction intervals for the next record value (or for another future record value) to appear are studied and compared by means of an extensive simulation study. The performances of the prediction intervals are evaluated and recommendations are proposed for what method should be used in a given situation with respect to the form of the prediction interval on the one hand and to the tail behaviour on the other. The proposed methods are applied to insurance, environmental and sports data, where the respectively fitted Pareto distributions show a different tail behaviour. As a result, it is seen that although the number of observed record values in the presented real data applications is rather small, as it is usually the case, the selected prediction intervals are of practical use. KW - Interval prediction KW - Pareto distribution KW - Real data analyses KW - Record values KW - Simulation study Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-81605 SN - 2214-1766 N1 - Corresponding author der OTH Regensburg: Anja B. Schmiedt PB - Springer ER - TY - GEN A1 - Braune, N. A1 - Greiner, M. A1 - Kappen, F. A1 - Kerscher, S. A1 - Mezler, C. A1 - Walter, L. A1 - Mertens, J. A1 - Pfingsten, Andrea T1 - Investigation of Cognitive-Motor Interference in Dual Tasking T2 - physioscience N2 - The transferability of the results to the overall population is limited due to the small sample size, unequal gender distribution, and a low average age. The researchers suspect a subconscious prioritization of the Cognitive Task during Dual Tasking through a division of limited attention resources of the central nervous system. In general, the findings of this study are closely aligned with the key points of the Central Capacity Sharing Model [1] and the Bottleneck Theory [2]. For future research, it is essential to consider a larger sample size, a more balanced gender distribution, and the inclusion of diverse age groups in order to achieve more reliable results. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0045-1808174 N1 - Abstract/Poster-Beitrag zu 8. Forschungssymposium Physiotherapie der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Physiotherapiewissenschaft e. V. Cottbus Senftenberg, 22.–23.11.2025 VL - 21 IS - S 01 SP - S36 PB - Thieme ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Beck, Nico A1 - Dovern, Jonas A1 - Vogl, Stefanie T1 - Mind the naive forecast! a rigorous evaluation of forecasting models for time series with low predictability JF - Applied Intelligence N2 - In the field of time series forecasting, numerous machine learning studies have assessed the performance of new methods on highly volatile data from macroeconomics and finance. Unlike in other domains, where models are also compared to simpler statistical or naive baselines, they mostly compare the performance solely relative to other complex models. This approach may lead to limited conclusions and reduce the practical significance of the results, as it overlooks the unpredictability of some highly volatile time series in the datasets used. We apply state-of-the-art methods from time-series econometrics and machine learning, including autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA), exponential smoothing (ETS), Bayesian vector autoregressive model (BVAR), long-short term memory neural networks (LSTM), historical consistent neural networks (HCNN), deep vector autoregressive neural networks (DeepVAR), temporal fusion transformers (TFT), and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost). Our results demonstrate that no method consistently outperforms the naive (no-change) forecast for highly volatile time series from two popular datasets containing exchange rates and stock prices, rendering comparative analysis between complex models less meaningful. In contrast, when applied to more predictable macroeconomic price indices, many of the methods significantly outperform naive forecasts. We find that the performance of machine learning models deteriorates more than that of statistical models for high-volatility time series. This study highlights the critical importance of using appropriate benchmark models, including cost-effective, simple approaches, on datasets that permit meaningful conclusions. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10489-025-06268-w VL - 55 IS - 6 PB - Springer ER - TY - BOOK ED - Heese, Carl ED - Schütz, Sandra ED - Obergrießer, Stefanie T1 - Die Nachhaltigkeitsziele der UN im Spiegel der Wissenschaft : Beispiele aus der Sozial- und Gesundheitsforschung T3 - SDG - Forschung, Konzepte, Lösungsansätze zur Nachhaltigkeit N2 - Das Tableau der Nachhaltigkeitsziele der Vereinten Nationen fordert alle gesellschaftlichen Akteure heraus. Soll die globale Transformation in eine ressourcenorientierte Weltzivilisation gelingen, muss auch die Wissenschaft einen Beitrag für eine nachhaltige Entwicklung leisten. Der vorliegende Band konzentriert sich dabei auf die Perspektive der Sozial- und der Gesundheitswissenschaften. Er zeigt an vielen Beispielen, wie durch innovative Forschung die Probleme einzelner Nachhaltigkeitsziele analysiert, die Zielerreichung unterstützt und Zielkonflikte bearbeitet werden können. KW - Angewandte Wissenschaften KW - Forschung und Lehre KW - Gesundheitswissenschaften KW - Global Goals KW - Nachhaltigkeit KW - SDG KW - Soziale Ungleichheit KW - Sozialwissenschaften Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-658-43333-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-43334-5 SN - 2731-8834 PB - Springer VS CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Legler, Katharina A1 - Jajja, Muhammad Sheheryar A1 - Volbert, Klaus T1 - Analysis and Design of Smart Components in Digital Energy Twins T2 - Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Internet of Things, Big Data and Security., Porto, Portugal April 6-8, 2025 N2 - The energy crisis, energy demand growth, and dependence on fossil fuels worldwide have made urgent action necessary for us to seek sustainability in energy production and use. Digital technologies, especially Digital Energy Twins, have immense potential to reduce energy consumption, thereby reducing environmental impacts, particularly in the building sector. This paper presents the development of a digital energy twin that supports sustainable energy consumption analysis and optimization. Our study begins with a comprehensive analysis of the energy consumption data, the weather data, and the building plans as a solid basis for the analysis. We identify key energy consumption trends and patterns across different timescales and device-specific details that could be optimized, such as base load consumption and device-specific inefficiencies. A key part of our work is forecasting energy consumption using time series models, such as the ARIMA model, which promises to be useful in identify ing patterns for improving energy efficiency. Overall, our study provides valuable insights into energy optimization and could form the base for further advances in digital energy twins at OTH Regensburg, helping to contribute to its sustainable development goals and smart campus initiatives. KW - Data Visualization KW - Digital Twins KW - Internet of Things KW - Machine Learning Models Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-989-758-750-4 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5220/0013289900003944 SP - 263 EP - 272 PB - SciTePress - Science and Technology Publications CY - Setúbal, Portugal ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmidt, S. A1 - Weiser, A. A1 - Heyartz, M. A1 - Fernsimer, K. A1 - Osterried, S. A1 - Schedel, Valentin A1 - Pfingsten, Andrea T1 - Pain Neuroscience Education (PNE) - Anwendungsbereitschaft deutscher Physiotherapeut*innen T2 - physioscience N2 - Deutsche Physiotherapeut*innen scheinen in ihrem Arbeitsalltag von einer Implementierung des PNE- Konzepts tendenziell Abstand zu nehmen. Parallel zu dieser Vermutung offenbarte sich eine mehrheitliche Unsicherheit bei der Behandlung von chronischen Schmerzpatient*innen. Vor allem Therapeut*innen, welche sich weniger unsicher im Umgang mit chronischen Schmerzpatient*innen fühlen, neigen zur Verwendung der „Why-you-Hurt?“ – Karten. In diesem Falle wäre zu diskutieren, ob der Grund hierfür in der Tatsache liegt, dass diese Therapeut*innen eine geeignete und gut ergänzende Methode in dem Edukations-Tool sehen oder, ob ein sicherer Umgang mit chronischen Patient*innen die Voraussetzung für eine erfolgreiche Implementierung ist. Umfangreichere Erhebungen müssen durchgeführt werden, um diese Erkenntnisse zu festigen. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0045-1808215 N1 - Abstract/Poster-Beitrag zum 8. Forschungssymposium Physiotherapie der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Physiotherapiewissenschaft e. V., 22.–23. November 2025, Cottbus Senftenberg VL - 21 IS - S 01 SP - 79 PB - Thieme ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Rudolph, Clarissa ED - Heese, Carl ED - Schütz, Sandra ED - Obergrießer, Stefanie T1 - „…dieser verbissene und humorlose Hühnerhaufen…“ - Sexismus und Antifeminismus in der Politik T2 - Die Nachhaltigkeitsziele der UN im Spiegel der Wissenschaft : Beispiele aus der Sozial- und Gesundheitsforschung N2 - Das Versprechen der Demokratie – die gleichberechtigte Partizipation aller – scheint in Bezug auf Geschlecht umgesetzt zu sein, zumindest im Hinblick auf das Wahlrecht. Trotzdem sind Frauen seltener in deutschen Parlamenten vertreten und Politikerinnen sind zudem vielfältigen Anfeindungen und Herabwürdigungen aufgrund ihres Geschlechts ausgesetzt. Der in diesem Beitrag analysierte Sexismus und Antifeminismus verdeutlicht, wie relevant das UN-Nachhaltigkeitsziel der Bekämpfung von Sexismus und der Durchsetzung der Geschlechtergleichstellung auch in Deutschland noch ist. KW - Antifeminismus KW - Demokratisierung KW - Geschlechtergerechtigkeit KW - Partizipation KW - Sexismus Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-658-43333-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-43334-5_3 SN - 2731-8834 SP - 31 EP - 51 PB - Springer VS CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Dotter, Caroline A1 - Haug, Sonja A1 - Schnell, Rainer A1 - Raptis, Georgios A1 - Weber, Karsten T1 - Sharing health data for research purposes: results of a population survey in Germany JF - BMC health services research N2 - BACKGROUND: Increased use of health data has the potential to improve both health care and health policies. Several recent policy initiatives at the European and German legislative levels aim to increase the primary and secondary use of health data. However, little is known about general population views on health data access for research. Most studies are based on subsets defined by specific illnesses. METHODS: We commissioned a national computer-assisted dual-frame telephone survey (landline and mobile). Logit estimation models were used to identify predictors of willingness to provide access to health data to different organizations (universities in Germany, universities worldwide, German government organizations, pharmaceutical companies). RESULTS: A high willingness to share health data for research purposes is observed, depending on the specific data recipient. The willingness is highest for research at universities in Germany and German governmental organizations, and lowest regarding research by pharmaceutical companies. The main drivers for sharing health data are the level of trust in public institutions, the respondents' assessment of the seriousness and likelihood of data misuse, and the level of digital literacy. Age, gender, and level of education have small effects and do not determine the willingness to share health data for all organizations. CONCLUSION: We present evidence from a random sample of the German population. The results indicate widespread support among the population for providing access to health data for research purposes. Similar to findings in other countries, the willingness depends strongly on the recipient of the data. This paper evaluates the impact of various determinants - identified in previous qualitative and quantitative research - on the willingness of the German population to share health data. While previous studies have found that patients are generally more willing to share health data, we found that the presence of a medical precondition does not translate into respondents' unequivocal support for health data sharing. We identify privacy concerns, general trust, and digital literacy as key factors influencing the willingness to share health data. Therefore, policymakers and stakeholders need to ensure and communicate the necessary privacy protection measures to increase the willingness of the German population to share health data. Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-81622 N1 - Corresponding author der OTH Regensburg: Caroline Dotter VL - 25 PB - BMC ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Leonhardt, Carina A1 - Guertler, Katherine T1 - Unearthing Corporate Greenwashing: A Content Analysis of Sustainability Reporting in the Mining Sector JF - Tripodos N2 - Greenwashing is a common form of corporate disinformation that is often challenging for the general public to detect. Companies engage in greenwashing in their reporting to mislead shareholders and stakeholders about their environmental efforts, seeking to enhance legitimacy and gain competitive advantages. While systems for identifying greenwashing exist, they typically focus on advertising, leaving greenwashing in corporate reports underexamined. This study aims to address this gap by conducting a qualitative content analysis of a climate report from a mining and commodity trading company, considering the company’s profile, the report’s target audience, and current research. The findings reveal that the company employs numerous subtle greenwashing strategies to project a more sustainable image through strategic omissions, hedging and vague long-term goals. Moreover, this research broadens the scope of greenwashing analysis to include corporate reporting, which targets a more informed audience, such as shareholders and experts, rather than the general public. The results underscore the need for stricter regulation of sustainability reports and highlight the importance of fostering greater scrutiny among shareholders. KW - climate communication KW - corporate communication KW - greenwashing KW - sustainability reporting Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.51698/tripodos.2025.57.06 SN - 1138-3305 VL - 2025 IS - 57 SP - 78 EP - 97 PB - Blanquerna School of Communication and International Relations CY - Barcelona ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Souza, Luis A. A1 - Pacheco, André G.C. A1 - de Souza, Alberto F. A1 - Oliveira-Santos, Thiago A1 - Badue, Claudine A1 - Palm, Christoph A1 - Papa, João Paulo T1 - TransConv: a lightweight architecture based on transformers and convolutional neural networks for adenocarcinoma and Barrett’s esophagus identification JF - Neural Computing and Applications N2 - Barrett’s esophagus, also known as BE, is commonly associated with repeated exposure to stomach acid. If not treated properly, it may evolve into esophageal adenocarcinoma, aka esophageal cancer. This paper proposes TransConv, a hybrid architecture that benefits from features learned by pre-trained vision transformers (ViTs) and convolutional neural networks (CNNs), followed by a shallow neural network composed of three normalizations, ReLU activations, and fully connected layers, and a SoftMax head to distinguish between BE and esophageal cancer. TransConv is designed to be training-lightweight, and for the ViT and CNN backbone models, weights are kept frozen during training, i.e., the primary goal of TransConv is to learn the weights of the fully connected layer from both backbones only, avoiding the burden of updating their weights but still learning their final descriptions for the lightweight convolutional model. We report promising results with low computational training costs in two datasets, one public and another private. From our achievements, TransConv was able to deliver balanced accuracy results around 85% and 86% for each evaluated dataset, respectively, in a design that required only 50 epochs of model training, a very reduced number compared to state-of-the-art conducted studies in the same domain. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-025-11299-y IS - 37 SP - 15535 EP - 15546 PB - Springer ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Kellner, Florian A1 - Brabänder, Christian T1 - VBA mit Excel : Einführung für Betriebswirte N2 - Dieses Buch bietet eine anwendungsorientierte Einführung in die Programmierung mit Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) in Microsoft Excel. Es ermöglicht auch Einsteigern die selbstständige Lösung kleiner bis mittelgroßer Programmieraufgaben aus dem betriebswirtschaftlichen Alltag. Der Schwierigkeitsgrad der Inhalte ist überwiegend einfach gehalten, sodass Nutzer, die bereits grundlegende Tätigkeiten in MS Excel beherrschen, sich nach ihren jeweiligen Anforderungen entsprechend fortbilden können. Zahlreiche Praxisbeispiele und Übungen, die auf einem Windows-Betriebssystem entwickelt und getestet wurden, unterstützen das Lernen Schritt für Schritt und zeigen, wie hilfreich VBA durch Automatisierung und Individualisierung in jedem Büro sein kann. Y1 - 2019 SN - 9783662597408 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-59740-8 PB - Springer Gabler CY - Berlin ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Bittner, Dominik A1 - Hauser, Florian A1 - Engl, Fabian A1 - Mottok, Jürgen ED - Mottok, Jürgen ED - Hagel, Georg T1 - Eye Movement Modelling Examples on Usability Heuristics T2 - Proceedings of the 6th European Conference on Software Engineering Education : ECSEE 2025, Seeon Germany, June 02-04, 2025 N2 - The user interface (UI) and user experience (UX) design is of crucial importance for human-computer interaction (HCI), particularly in the context of web applications. In light of the high expectations of users and the competitive nature of the market, it is imperative to employ usability measurement techniques to avoid losing users. Heuristic evaluation (HE) is a cost- and resource-efficient method for evaluating the usability of websites in which evaluators are guided by heuristics. However, the level of expertise of the evaluators has a significant impact on the results, with experts identifying up to 50% more usability issues than novices. To address this gap, this paper proposes Eye Movement Modeling Examples (EMMEs) to demonstrate Jakob Nielsen’s ten usability heuristics in an easy-to-understand format for all levels of experience while also incorporating expert knowledge. In particular, the eye movements and verbal feedback of a usability expert are recorded as the expert analyses the usability of a simple website application in terms of Jakob Nielsen’s ten usability heuristics. This reveals the strategies and cognitive processes of the expert when assessing the usability of a website and makes them more tangible for non-experts or novices. The findings of a questionnaire-based assessment indicate that EMMEs are perceived as beneficial and supportive during the learning process. Ultimately, this comprehensive analysis not only enables a deeper understanding of heuristics for usability novices, but could also lead to EMMEs being applied more efficiently in diverse domains. Y1 - 2025 SN - 9798400712821 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1145/3723010.3723035 SP - 106 EP - 114 PB - ACM ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schaeffer, Leon A1 - Liebrecht, Melanie A1 - Schmaußer, Theresa A1 - Herrmann, David A1 - Lehmann, Lukas A1 - Böhm, Valter T1 - Finite element analysis of a tensegrity joint model for the use in dynamic hand orthoses T2 - 2025 9th International Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Applications (ICBEA), Seoul, Republic of Korea, February 27 - March 2, 2025 N2 - Many current dynamic hand orthoses use single degree of freedom joints, such as hinge joints. Consequently, these orthoses can only partially replicate the complex, multi-axis range of motion of the hand. To overcome this limitation, one approach is to use prestressed compliant structures as the basis for orthoses. In order to be able to map the dynamic influences on the orthosis as well as to simulate everyday use, this article provides an overview of this orthosis concept and the most important aspects in the development of such an orthosis including the results of the modal analysis. Based on these theoretical investigations, the presented methodological approach can be used to develop initial prototypes of tensegrity-based hand orthoses. KW - Hand orthosis KW - Modal Analysis KW - Tensegrity Joint Y1 - 2025 UR - https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/11018707 SN - 979-8-3315-3571-1 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/ICBEA66055.2025.00016 SP - 41 EP - 48 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Bugert, Flemming A1 - Nadimpalli, Vamsi Krishna A1 - Bittner, Dominik A1 - Ezer, Timur A1 - Grabinger, Lisa A1 - Maier, Robert A1 - Röhrl, Simon A1 - Staufer, Susanne A1 - Hauser, Florian A1 - Mottok, Jürgen ED - Mottok, Jürgen ED - Hagel, Georg T1 - ML based Evaluation Methodology for Learning Path Recommender Systems T2 - Proceedings of the 6th European Conference on Software Engineering Education : ECSEE 2025, Seeon Germany, June 02-04, 2025 N2 - In education, recommender systems can provide students with personalized learning materials based on their preferences. When comparing various recommendation algorithms, the main question is, which algorithm provides the most suitable recommendations for each student. Answering this question requires a quantitative evaluation methodology (i.e. a concrete metric) for ranking the results of (even non-deterministic) recommender systems. While there is already literature on this topic, the uniqueness of our approach lies in the application of machine learning: we deploy a likelihood based analysis via Hidden Markov Models named Aiakos. With this strategy, we aim to provide data-driven insights about accuracy and stability of recommendations towards a more reasonable selection of the appropriate recommender system. The training data for the Hidden Markov Models is collected from 80 students. Data from another 26 students is then used to discuss the behavior of our evaluation procedure considering a single recommendation as well as the results from 100 recommendations. Furthermore, the proposed concept allows to be applied to other domains as well. Y1 - 2025 SN - 9798400712821 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1145/3723010.3723022 SP - 40 EP - 48 PB - ACM ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Garkisch, Michael A1 - Steinke, Joss A1 - Steiner, Olivier A1 - Thiem, Carolin A1 - Zeyen, Anica T1 - Imagining the future beyond the crystal ball: Artificial Human Services here we come? JF - Journal of Technology in Human Services N2 - This special issue is focused on the topic of artificial intelligence in the field of human services. In addition to the importance and transformative potential of AI, the editorial presents in detail the areas of application, which range from case management, mental health, client support to administrative support and education. The special issue itself features three articles on AI technology in dementia care, AI in psychosocial support during natural disasters and LLM in mental health. The editorial also highlights important challenges related to data management, ethics, human rights and the need for an inclusive, human-centered design. The recommendations and future directions for further research emphasize the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration, ethical standards and stakeholder engagement, human-centered AI and data management to ensure responsible and effective integration and implementation of AI into human services. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/15228835.2025.2502831 SP - 1 EP - 9 PB - Taylor & Francis ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Bergmeier, Sonja A1 - Bock, Maximilian A1 - Fischer, Lukas A1 - Flassig, Nathanael A1 - Hidvégi, Barnabás A1 - Bächer, Tim A1 - Hierl, Jonas A1 - Kaltenbach, Dominik A1 - Lackermeier, Florian A1 - Laubmann, Julia A1 - Liebl, Jonas A1 - Pirthauer, Tobias A1 - Reif, Robin A1 - Roider, Stefan ED - Fuhrmann, Thomas ED - Hipp, Susanne ED - Niemetz, Michael ED - Sterz, Oliver T1 - FMS-Berichte Wintersemester 2024/25 BT - Seminar zu aktuellen Themen der Elektro- und Informationstechnik T2 - FMS-Berichte Wintersemester 2024/25 N2 - Dieser Bericht entstand ursprünglich auf Initiative der Studierenden des damals neuen Masterstudiengangs „Elektro- und Informationstechnik (MEI)“ an der OTH Regensburg, die an der Pflichtlehrveranstaltung „Forschungsmethoden und Seminar (FMS)“ im Wintersemester 2020/21 teilnahmen. Diese Lehrveranstaltung hat das Ziel, systematisch an das wissenschaftliche Arbeiten, speziell die Wissenschaftskommunikation, heranzuführen. Daher ist im Laufe der Veranstaltung geeignete Literatur zu einem individuellen Thema zu recherchieren, sind Veröffentlichungen auf ihre Relevanz hin zu beurteilen und letztendlich gilt es eine eigene Ausarbeitung basierend auf der Literaturrecherche zu erstellen und diese in einem Vortrag zu präsentieren. Parallel dazu wird im Theorieteil die entsprechende Hinführung zu den verschiedenen Elementen der Wissenschaftskommunikation vermittelt: • Bedeutung der Wissenschaftskommunikation für die Arbeit der Ingenieure in Forschung und Entwicklung • Literaturrecherche, Suchmaschinen, Sichtung und Analyse vorhandener Publikationen, Bewertung der Qualität aufgefundener Fachliteratur, Auswahl geeigneter Materialien für die eigene Arbeit • Aufbereitung und Darstellung der recherchierten technischer Inhalte in Form einer seitenanzahlbegrenzten wissenschaftlichen Ausarbeitung • Einhalten formaler Randbedingungen bzgl. Strukturierung, einschl. Bildnachweise und Zitationsstile • Peer-review-Prozess bei wertschätzender Beurteilung der Leistung anderer • Publikumsangepasstes Aufbereiten komplexer fachlicher Inhalte mit hochschulöffentlicher Präsentation der Ergebnisse • Führen mündlicher wissenschaftlicher Diskurse Die präsentierten Themen beruhen nicht auf eigener Forschungstätigkeit, sondern sind als einführende Reviewartikel zum jeweiligen vorgegebenen technischen oder gesellschaftspolitischen Forschungsthema zu verstehen. T3 - Forschungsmethoden-Seminar - 9 KW - Elektrotechnik KW - Informationstechnik KW - Energietechnik KW - Literaturrecherche Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-83121 VL - 2024 IS - 9 CY - Regensburg ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schildbach, Ina ED - Heese, Carl ED - Schütz, Sandra ED - Obergrießer, Stefanie T1 - Klimapolitik als neuer Grund für verschärfte globale Armut und Ungleichheiten? – Immanente Zielkonflikte der Agenda 2030 T2 - Die Nachhaltigkeitsziele der UN im Spiegel der Wissenschaft : Beispiele aus der Sozial- und Gesundheitsforschung - [SDG - Forschung, Konzepte, Lösungsansätze zur Nachhaltigkeit] N2 - Mit der 2015 verabschiedeten sogenannten Agenda 2030 haben sich die 193 Mitglieder der Vereinten Nationen auf 17 globale Ziele verpflichtet, die der Öffentlichkeit unter dem Schlagwort UN-Nachhaltigkeitsziele bekannt sind. Dabei wird im öffentlichen Diskurs kaum registriert, dass die Ziele durchaus in Konflikt zueinander geraten können. So kann die Bekämpfung des Klimawandels zu neuer Armut und Ungleichheit führen. Der Beitrag beleuchtet diese Zusammenhänge, indem mehrere Ebenen der Widersprüchlichkeit herausgearbeitet werden. KW - Agenda 2030 KW - Armut KW - Klimapolitik KW - Ungleichheit KW - UN-Nachhaltigkeitsziele Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-658-43333-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-43334-5_2 SN - 2731-8834 SP - 13 EP - 29 PB - Springer VS CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Thieme, Dorothea A1 - Linnemann, Birgit ED - Heese, Carl ED - Schütz, Sandra ED - Obergrießer, Stefanie T1 - Nachhaltigkeit und Effektivität von Kompressionsmaßnahmen in Prävention des Postthrombotischen Syndroms T2 - Die Nachhaltigkeitsziele der UN im Spiegel der Wissenschaft : Beispiele aus der Sozial- und Gesundheitsforschung N2 - Etwa 20–50 % der Patientinnen und Patienten mit akuter tiefer Beinvenenthrombose entwickeln in den ersten 5 Jahren postthrombotische Komplikationen, die durch Schwellung, Schmerzen und eingeschränkter Lebensqualität zu Frühberentungen führen können. Eine frühzeitig eingeleitete Therapie mit Antikoagulanzien fördert die Rekanalisation thrombosierter Venen in der Frühphase und verhindert Rezidivthrombosen im Verlauf. Der Nutzen der Kompressionstherapie wird immer wieder diskutiert. Ziel des Reviews ist, Nachhaltigkeit und Effektivität zum Einsatz von Kompressionsmaßnahmen in Prävention des Postthrombotischen Syndroms darzustellen. Die Literaturrecherche ergibt 4375 Treffer, 130 Studien und Fachartikel werden eingeschlossen. Zwei randomisierte kontrollierte Studien (RCTs) zeigen eine klare Empfehlung für Kompressionsmaßnahmen und Mobilisation in der Akutphase einer tiefen Beinvenenthrombose. zwei RCTs bewerten die präventive Wirkung von Kompressionsstrümpfen und zeigen, dass sich die Rate postthrombotischer Komplikationen um etwa 50 % reduzieren lässt (p < 0,001; p < 0,001 und HR 0,49 (95 %-KI, 0,29–0,84; p = 0,011)). Zwei RCTs können beim Vergleich von Kompressions- versus Placebostrümpfen keine signifikante Besserung postthrombotischer Beschwerden nachweisen (HR 1,13, 95 %-KI 0,73–1,76; p = 0,58), beide Publikationen sind kritisch zu hinterfragen. Ein RCT stellt dar, dass die Höhe der Kompressionsstrümpfe keine signifikanten postthrombotischen Auswirkungen zeigen (p = 0,017) und zwei RCTs belegen, dass eine individualisierte Therapie mit Kompressionsstrümpfen der Standardtherapiedauer von 24 Monaten nicht unterlegen ist. Voraussetzung für die Effektivität ist die korrekte Applikation. KW - Effektivität KW - Kompressionsbehandlung KW - Nachhaltigkeit KW - Postthrombotisches Syndrom KW - Prävention Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-658-43333-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-43334-5_16 SN - 2731-8834 SP - 271 EP - 299 PB - Springer VS CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Obergrießer, Stefanie A1 - Schütz, Sandra A1 - Voigt-Antons, Jan-Niklas A1 - Ashrafi, Navid A1 - Shiban, Youssef A1 - Ohse, Julia A1 - Peperkorn, Nicolina-Laura ED - Heese, Carl ED - Schütz, Sandra ED - Obergrießer, Stefanie T1 - Nutzende im Fokus! Ein Weg zur nachhaltigen Entwicklung von Gesundheits-Apps T2 - Die Nachhaltigkeitsziele der UN im Spiegel der Wissenschaft : Beispiele aus der Sozial- und Gesundheitsforschung - [SDG - Forschung, Konzepte, Lösungsansätze zur Nachhaltigkeit] N2 - Der Markt der Gesundheits-Apps ist mittlerweile sehr groß geworden. Gesundheits-Apps bieten Potenzial für eine Förderung der Gesundheit und Prävention sowie eine Verbesserung der Krankheitsbehandlung und Gesundheitsversorgung. So können Gesundheits-Apps dazu beitragen, Gesundheit und Wohlergehen der Menschen zu fördern (Sustainable Development Goal 3). Interessierte sind herausgefordert, sich einen Überblick über Verfahren zu verschaffen und diese zu vergleichen. Es wurde allerdings festgestellt, dass viele Apps nur kurzfristig genutzt werden. Eine Erklärung wird unter anderem darin gesehen, dass Apps die tatsächlichen Bedarfe der Nutzenden nicht oder nur begrenzt berücksichtigen und die Akzeptanz und Zufriedenheit der Nutzenden nicht ausreichend untersucht werden. Dieser Beitrag geht der Frage nach, wie Nutzende bei der Entwicklung von Gesundheits-Apps mit einbezogen werden können, um nachhaltige Anwendungen zu produzieren. Im Beitrag werden daher zunächst theoretische und empirische Grundlagen zu Gesundheits-Apps und partizipativen Ansätzen dargelegt. Anhand eines Prozessmodells wird dargestellt, wie Gesundheits-Apps durch den kontinuierlichen Einbezug von Nutzenden bedarfsgerecht entwickelt werden können. Im Rahmen von zwei Beispielen aus der Forschungspraxis sollen im Weiteren exemplarische Studien zu gesundheitsbezogenen Apps mit unterschiedlichen Nutzer:innengruppen und Methoden beschrieben werden. Schließlich findet eine Diskussion über eine bedarfsorientierte, nachhaltige Entwicklung von Gesundheits-Apps sowie den auftretenden Herausforderungen statt. KW - App-Entwicklung KW - Gesundheits-Apps KW - Nutzerzentrierung Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-658-43333-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-43334-5_11 SN - 2731-8834 SP - 179 EP - 196 PB - Springer VS CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Broll, Alexander A1 - Goldhacker, Markus A1 - Hahnel, Sebastian A1 - Rosentritt, Martin T1 - Morphological effects of input data quantity in AI-powered dental crown design JF - Journal of dentistry N2 - OBJECTIVES: This retrospective in vitro study evaluated the impact of input data quantity on the morphology of dental crowns generated by AI-based software. The hypothesis suggests that increased input data quantity improves the quality of generated occlusal surfaces. METHODS: A dataset comprising n=30 patients (11 males, 19 females; age: 22-31 years) was analyzed. Input data was categorized into full dentition (full), quadrant data (quad), and adjacent teeth (adj). AI-based software (Dentbird Crown, Imageworks Inc.) generated crowns for a single lower first molar (36/46). Metrics were proposed to assess the morphology and occlusal relationships of the crowns, with the original tooth as reference. STATISTICS: Friedman Chi-Square tests, Wilcoxon signed rank tests, Kendall correlation and Fligner-Killeen tests (α = 0.05). RESULTS: Full and quad groups provided consistent reconstruction quality with no significant differences in morphology and occlusal relationships. The adj group showed significant (p<0.05) morphological deviations and higher reconstruction failure rates compared to the full and quad groups. Correlations (median: 0.19; min-max range: 0.01-0.54) indicate that the proposed metrics capture distinct morphological and functional crown aspects. CONCLUSION: The software reliably reconstructed crowns with at least quadrant-level input data. Performance declined with reduced input. Full-jaw scans did not enhance accuracy compared to quadrant data. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Increased input data quantity can improve the accuracy of AI-based restorations. As a result, prosthodontists benefit from predictable, accurate restoration proposals that reduce the need for digital chairside adjustments as well as manual modifications after fabrication. This streamlines clinical workflows and enhances the quality of restorations. Quadrant-level data has proven sufficient to generate high-quality reconstructions. Further input data did not significantly improve the accuracy of the reconstructions. The proposed metrics enable quantitative assessments of morphological and functional restoration quality, supporting reliable AI-driven workflows. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdent.2025.105767 VL - 159 SP - 1 EP - 8 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - GEN A1 - Furtner, S. A1 - Gebhard, L. A1 - Kaulhausen, D. A1 - Mangold, L. A1 - Petermaier, S. A1 - Mertens, J. A1 - Pfingsten, Andrea T1 - Wissenschaftliche- und Fachkompetenz in der Neurologie – Unterschiede in der länderspezifischen Berufsausbildung von Physiotherapeut*innen [Abstract] T2 - physioscience N2 - Einleitung  Deutschland ist das einzige Land in der EU, in dem eine Berufserlaubnis in der Physiotherapie durch eine Ausbildung erlangt werden kann [1]. In den meisten Ländern ist mindestens eine akademische Ausbildung auf Bachelorniveau erforderlich. Im Rahmen des Interreg Projekts „Neuro“ (BYCZ01-038) untersuchte diese Studie, ob es Unterschiede in der Länder- und Laufbahnspezifischen Ausbildung und der dort erworbenen wissenschaftliche Kompetenz (CSR) oder neurologische Fachkompetenz (CNG) gibt. Hierbei wurde zwischen deutschen Auszubildenden (GER-T), Deutschen im (ausbildungsintegrierenden-) Studium (GER-S) und tschechischen Studierenden (CZ) unterschieden. Material und Methodik  Mithilfe eines online-Fragebogens wurde auf Basis der Selbsteinschätzung die CSR und CNG abgefragt. Hierbei wurde der “Physiotherapy Self-Efficacy Score (PSE)” [2]. die “Functional Neurological Disorders Scale (FND)” [3] und die “Munich Research Competence Scale” [4] modifiziert und nach einer Übersetzung durch Muttersprachler*innen einem Pretest unterzogen. Die Items des Fragebogens wurden mit einer 6-Punkte Likert Skala abgefragt und den Konstrukten CSR oder CNG zugeordnet. Für die statistische Auswertung wurde eine Kategorisierung der Teilnehmer*innen gemäß der erreichten Gesamtpunktzahl im jeweiligen Konstrukt in fünf (CSR), oder sechs Leistungsklassen (CNG) durchgeführt. Die statistische Auswertung erfolgte bei ordinal skalierten Daten mithilfe des Mann-Whitney-U-Tests. Ergebnisse  170 gültige Fragebogen wurden eingereicht, wovon 86 Fragebogen den Einschlusskriterien entsprachen und statistisch untersucht wurden. In Bezug auf die CSR und CNG konnte im Gruppenvergleich zwischen CZ (Md=3) und GER-T (Md=3) kein signifikanter Unterschied festgestellt werden. (pCSR=.466; pCNG=.982). Im Vergleich von GER-T und GER-S ergaben sich signifikante Unterschiede. Mit einem Median von 5 in beiden Kategorien schätzten sich GER-S im Median um 2 Punkte besser in CSR und CNG ein als GER-T. (pCSR=<.001; rCSR=0,629; pCNG=.013; rCNG=.422) Zusammenfassung  Es ergeben sich Hinweise darauf, dass GER-S den GER-T in der wissenschaftlichen Kompetenz sowie der neurologischen Fachkompetenz den GER-T gegenüber besser einschätzen. Dies lässt sich zwischen CZ und GER-T nicht beobachten. Der Übertrag auf die Grundgesamtheit ist aufgrund des kleinen Stichprobenumfangs, sowie der fehlenden statistischen Fragebogenvalidierung nur eingeschränkt möglich Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0045-1808189 VL - 21 IS - S 01 SP - S43 PB - Thieme ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Ortner, Martina ED - Schöpf, Nicolas T1 - Didaktik und Lehre im berufsbegleitenden Studiengang Soziale Arbeit – ein Erfahrungsbericht T2 - Akademische Weiterbildung für Soziale Berufe: Theoretische, empirische und praktische Aspekte N2 - Der Erfahrungsbericht ist zugleich ein Ideenpool für experimentierfreudige Lehrende. Nach einer kurzen Beschreibung des Settings im berufsbegleitenden Studiengang werden ausgewählte Grundlagen der Didaktik skizziert und vor diesem Hintergrund drei Beispiele aus unterschiedlichen Semestern vorgestellt. Daran wird gezeigt, wie Lehre und Didaktik im Studiengang Soziale Arbeit den Bedürfnissen der berufsbegleitend Studierenden dialogorientiert angepasst und weiterentwickelt werden. Die Erkenntnisse werden abschließend in drei Kernaussagen gebündelt. Y1 - 2022 SN - 9783763966479 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3278/9783763966479 SP - 161 EP - 191 PB - wbv CY - Bielefeld ET - 1. Aufl. ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Ortner, Martina ED - Kemal, Bozay ED - Borstel, Dierk T1 - Heimatliebe, Nationalstolz und Rassismus - Einzelmeinung oder Trend? BT - Extrem rechte politische Weltanschauungen von Migrant_innen (in München) T2 - Ungleichwertigkeitsideologien in der Einwanderungsgesellschaft N2 - Spricht hierzulande jemand von „Rechtsextremismus“ werden damit üblicherweise Einstellungsmuster und Verhaltensweisen von Deutschen assoziiert. Wenig Beachtung findet bislang, wie verbreitet entsprechende Einstellungen und Verhaltensweisen bei Migrant_innen sind und ob das Beobachtete mit der Zuschreibung „Rechtsextremismus“ treffend benannt ist. Die Fachinformationsstelle Rechtsextremismus in München (firm) wollte einen Beitrag zur Klärung liefern und führte von 2009 bis 2013 ein Projekt dazu durch. Y1 - 2017 SN - 978-3-658-14245-2 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-14245-2_15 SP - 235 EP - 259 PB - Springer ET - 1. Aufl. ER - TY - INPR A1 - Takayasu, Anna A1 - Weikl, Simone A1 - Dahmen, Victoria A1 - Bogenberger, Klaus T1 - Impact of Travel Stress and Infrastructure Quality on Cycling Mode Share: Insights From Multimodal Trajectory and Survey Data Analysis N2 - This study explores the relationship between travel stress, infrastructure quality, and cycling mode share. Utilizing multimodal trajectory data, survey responses on travel stress, and detailed road network information with geological and bicycle facility data, the study analyzes correlations between actual and perceived infrastructure quality, travel stress, and cycling mode share, as well as the impact of travel time and distance on cycling mode share. The results indicate significant correlations between perceived infrastructure quality and travel stress levels, and between travel stress levels and cycling mode share, particularly among regular bike users. However, clear correlations between actual and perceived infrastructure quality, and between perceived infrastructure quality and cycling mode share, were not observed. Additionally, direct effects of travel time and distance on cycling mode share were not evident. From these findings, three main insights emerge. Firstly, accurately estimating cycling mode share requires considering multiple parameters beyond travel time and distance. Secondly, to implement effective measures for bicycle facilities, a detailed analysis of perceived infrastructure quality, incorporating actual infrastructure design, is crucial. Lastly, travel stress, when carefully assessed with consideration of various factors beyond infrastructure design, emerges as a key determinant of travel mode choice. These insights have significant implications for future cycling research, including the development of travel mode choice models and estimating cycling demand. The study's valuable contributions advance efforts to promote cycling as a sustainable and preferred mode of transportation. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.30696.85766 PB - Researchgate ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Dahmen, Victoria A1 - Bogenberger, Klaus A1 - Weikl, Simone T1 - Modellierung des Verkehrsmittelwahlverhaltens mittels erklärbarem Maschinellem Lernen JF - Straßenverkehrstechnik N2 - Die Modellierung der Verkehrsmittelwahl ist für die Vorhersage und das Verständnis des Mobilitätsverhaltens unerlässlich. Hierbei wurden in den letzten Jahren mit maschinellem Lernen vielversprechende Ergebnisse erzielt, insbesondere für XGBoost- und Random-Forest-Modelle. Aufgrund der zunehmenden Verwendung von Tracking-basierten Smartphone-Apps zur Aufzeichnung des Mobilitätsverhaltens, wenden wir diese Modelle auf einen solchen Datensatz an. Zudem analysieren wir eingehend deren Interpretierbarkeit. Wir kommen zu dem Schluss, dass das XGBoost-Modell am leistungsstärksten und dennoch erklärbar ist. Die von solchen Modellen gewonnenen Erkenntnisse können beispielsweise genutzt werden, um die Verkehrsmittelwahl für beliebige Quelle-Ziel-Paare vorherzusagen. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.53184/SVT2-2025-3 SN - 0039-2219 VL - 69 IS - 2 SP - 96 EP - 102 PB - Kirschbaum ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hassmann, Tobias A1 - Westner, Markus T1 - A Framework for Rigorous Execution and Presentation of Expert Interviews in IS and Digital Transformation Research T2 - Advances in Information Systems Development: Exploring New Horizons and Opportunities N2 - This article addresses the inconsistent conceptualization of expert interviews in information systems (IS) research by providing a structured framework for their rigorous execution and presentation. Through a thematic analysis of 28 method-relevant papers, key characteristics and good practices for executing expert interviews are identified. Additionally, 39 highly cited IS studies were reviewed to examine expert interview utilization in IS research and to identify good practices for presenting expert interview outcomes, which are further validated on nine digital transformation (DT) studies. Our findings highlight the adaptability and varied applications of expert interviews in IS research and offer recommendations to strengthen rigor in their preparation, execution, and presentation of outcomes. Theoretical and practical implications are provided to guide a more systematic and rigorous use of expert interviews in IS research. Y1 - 2025 SN - 9783031878794 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-87880-0_4 SN - 2195-4968 SP - 63 EP - 86 PB - Springer Nature CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Ortner, Martina ED - Heese, Carl ED - Schütz, Sandra ED - Obergrießer, Stefanie T1 - Bildung für nachhaltige Entwicklung in der Hochschullehre. Am Beispiel von Lehrveranstaltungen zum Thema Migration T2 - Die Nachhaltigkeitsziele der UN im Spiegel der Wissenschaft. Beispiele aus der Sozial- und Gesundheitsforschung N2 - Dieser Beitrag geht am Beispiel des berufsbegleitenden Studiengangs Soziale Arbeit an der OTH Regensburg der Frage nach, wie Bildung für nachhaltige Entwicklung im Sinne einer „Transformativen Bildung“ (WGBU, 2012) systematisch in die Hochschullehre integriert werden kann. Dafür werden zwei Lehrveranstaltungen aus dem Themenbereich Migration untersucht. Im Mittelpunkt steht die Frage, inwieweit die Inhalte, die didaktische Aufbereitung und der Theorie-Praxistransfer zur Zielsetzung beitragen. Betrachtet wird ebenfalls die Lernumgebung an der OTH mit den Lernstandorten im ländlichen Raum, der digitalen Lernplattform ELO sowie dem Ressourcenverbrauch durch An- und Abreise der Studierenden, aber auch dem Energieverbrauch für die digitale Lehre. Schließlich soll die Prüfungsform in diesem Kontext kritisch überprüft werden. Die Perspektiven von Absolvent:innen, ergänzend auch von aktuell Studierenden sowie der Dozierenden bilden den Kern der Untersuchung. Ziel ist, beispielhaft herauszuarbeiten, welche Veränderungen BNE an Lehre und Didaktik stellt und wie Lehrveranstaltungen dem Ziel Bildung für nachhaltige Entwicklung gerecht werden können. KW - Lernen KW - Theorie-Praxis-Transfer KW - Hochschulllehre Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-43334-5_22 SP - 391 EP - 412 PB - Springer Nature ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Groten, Damian A1 - Ortner, Martina A1 - Rudolph, Clarissa T1 - Interdisziplinäre Untersuchungen der extremen Rechten in Bayern – Start des Forschungsverbundes ForGeRex JF - ZRex – Zeitschrift für Rechtsextremismusforschung Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3224/zrex.v4i2.08 SN - 2701-9624 VL - 4 IS - 2 SP - 266 EP - 268 PB - Verlag Barbara Budrich ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ortner, Martina ED - Koch, Christian T1 - Sprach- und Kulturmittlerin, Sprach- und Kulturmittler T2 - socialnet Lexikon Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.socialnet.de/lexikon/Sprach-und-Kulturmittlerin-Sprach-und-Kulturmittler PB - socialnet ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Amling, Jonas A1 - Scheele, Stephan A1 - Slany, Emanuel A1 - Lang, Moritz A1 - Schmid, Ute T1 - Explainable AI for Mixed Data Clustering T2 - Explainable AI for Mixed Data Clustering:Second World Conference, xAI 2024, Valletta, Malta, July 17–19, 2024, Proceedings, Part II N2 - Clustering, an unsupervised machine learning approach, aims to find groups of similar instances. Mixed data clustering is of particular interest since real-life data often consists of diverse data types. The unsupervised nature of clustering emphasizes the need to understand the criteria for defining and distinguishing clusters. Current explainable AI (XAI) methods for clustering focus on intrinsically explainable clustering techniques, surrogate model-based explanations utilizing established XAI frameworks, and explanations generated from inter-instance distances. However, there exists a research gap in developing post-hoc methods that directly explain clusterings without resorting to surrogate models or requiring prior knowledge about the clustering algorithm. Addressing this gap, our work introduces a model-agnostic, entropy-based Feature Importance Score for continuous and discrete data, offering direct and comprehensible explanations by highlighting key features, deriving rules, and identifying cluster prototypes. The comparison with existing XAI frameworks like SHAP and ClAMP shows that we achieve similar fidelity and simplicity, proving that mixed data clusterings can be effectively explained solely from the distributions of the features and assigned clusters, making complex clusterings comprehensible to humans. Y1 - 2024 SN - 9783031637964 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-63797-1_3 SN - 1865-0929 SP - 42 EP - 62 PB - Springer Nature Switzerland CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Wissing, Julio A1 - Scholz, Teresa A1 - Saloman, Stefan A1 - Fargueta, Lidia A1 - Junger, Stephan A1 - Stefani, Alessio A1 - Tschekalinskij, Wladimir A1 - Scheele, Stephan A1 - Schmid, Ute T1 - SPECTRE: A Dataset for Spectral Reconstruction on Chip-Size Spectrometers with a Physics-Informed Augmentation Method T2 - 2024 IEEE SENSORS, 20-23 October 2024, Kobe, Japan N2 - Reconstructing usable spectra from an array of optical filters has been central to miniature spectrometers for many years. However, as optical sensors become more suitable for low-cost applications by exploiting sub-par filter characteristics, creating high-quality reconstructions has become increasingly challenging. There has been growing interest in data-driven reconstruction methods within the scientific community to address this issue. The main obstacle to progress in this area is the lack of publicly available and comprehensive datasets for spectral reconstruction. In our research, we propose a physics-informed data augmentation technique to significantly increase the size of datasets for spectral reconstruction and make our augmented dataset, containing 10117 samples, publicly available. Furthermore, we demonstrate the potential performance improvements achieved by training complex neural networks for spectral reconstruction using the augmented dataset. Our short benchmark indicates a performance increase of up to four times over the baseline. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/SENSORS60989.2024.10784898 SP - 1 EP - 4 PB - IEEE ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schiering, Nadine A1 - Eichstädt, Sascha A1 - Heizmann, Michael A1 - Koch, Wolfgang A1 - Schneider, Linda-Sophie A1 - Scheele, Stephan A1 - Sommer, Klaus-Dieter T1 - Modelling of measuring systems – From white box models to cognitive approaches JF - Measurement: Sensors N2 - Mathematical models of measuring systems and processes play an essential role in metrology and practical measurements. They form the basis for understanding and evaluating measurements, their results and their trustworthiness. Classic analytical parametric modelling is based on largely complete knowledge of measurement technology and the measurement process. But due to digital transformation towards the Internet of Things (IIoT) with an increasing number of intensively and flexibly networked measurement systems and consequently ever larger amounts of data to be processed, data-based modelling approaches have gained enormous importance. This has led to new approaches in measurement technology and industry like Digital Twins, Self-X Approaches, Soft Sensor Technology and Data and Information Fusion. In the future, data-based modelling will be increasingly dominated by intelligent, cognitive systems. Evaluating of the accuracy, trustworthiness and the functional uncertainty of the corresponding models is required. This paper provides a concise overview of modelling in metrology from classical white box models to intelligent, cognitive data-driven solutions identifying advantages and limitations. Additionally, the approaches to merge trustworthiness and metrological uncertainty will be discussed. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measen.2024.101503 SN - 2665-9174 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Peller, Sebastian A1 - Zankl, Tobias A1 - Fischer, Christoph A1 - Bierl, Rudolf T1 - Fast sound field characterization of beamforming capable capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer (CMUT) arrays by refracto-vibrometry T2 - IEEE IUS 2023, International Ultrasonics Symposium, Montréal, September 3-8, 2023 N2 - We introduce a time-optimized setup based on refracto-vibrometry for the purpose of scanning the sound field of capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer (CMUT) arrays primarily for the qualification of their beamforming capability. In comparison to commonly used microphones on a traversing stage the proposed method is substantially faster and consumes only a few minutes of time for a complete two-dimensional sound field containing about 100.000 scan points. T2 - Schnelle Schallfeld-Charakterisierung von CMUT-Arrays mithilfe von Refrakto-Vibrometrie KW - CMUT KW - LDV KW - refracto-vibrometry KW - sound field KW - beamforming Y1 - 2023 SN - 979-8-3503-4645-9 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/IUS51837.2023.10308126 SN - 1948-5727 SP - 1 EP - 3 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Buchner, Stefan A1 - Wagner, Marcus A1 - Höller, Christoph T1 - Inverse Acoustic Characterization of Rigid Porous Media using Artificial Neural Networks T2 - Proceedings of DAS|DAGA 2025, 51st Annual Meeting on Acoustics, March 17-20, 2025, Copenhagen N2 - Porous sound absorbers can be described by the isotropic Biot model, and its fluid phase can be represented by the Champoux-Allard model. To apply these models to a given absorber material, the five acoustical and the four mechanical material parameters must be known. The direct measurement of these parameters is complex and requires cost-intensive measurement equipment. Current inverse methods to obtain these material parameters solve an optimization problem, trying to fit the absorption or impedance curve of the material model to the impedance tube measurement data. Solving this optimization problem, i.e. finding the global minimum, is not guaranteed in an acceptable amount of time, as the optimization problem possesses a multitude of local minima. This work proposes an alternative, data driven approach using artificial neural networks to obtain the material parameters necessary for the characterization of open porous materials. The approach only requires the results of standard impedance tube measurements. The characterization of rigid- and elastic frame materials has been investigated. The datasets were generated using the rigid and elastic frame models for porous absorbers. The approach shows good results for impedance curves generated by the analytical models, the validation with real-world impedance tube measurement data is currently under investigation. Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-939296-23-2 U6 - https://doi.org/10.71568/dasdaga2025.142 SP - 847 EP - 850 CY - Berlin ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Bäumler, Georg A1 - Höller, Christoph T1 - Modifying a Wall Transmission Suite to Measure Diffuse Field Sound Absorption Coefficients – A Case Study T2 - Proceedings of DAS|DAGA 2025, 51st Annual Meeting on Acoustics, March 17-20, 2025, Copenhagen N2 - The determination of the diffuse field sound absorption coefficient is carried out in reverberation chambers that comply with the requirements of the corresponding standard, ISO 354. No such chamber exists at OTH Regensburg University of Applied Sciences, but a new wall transmission suite according to ISO 10140 is available. This student project investigates the possibility of using the wall transmission suite to measure absorption coefficients for teaching and research purposes.To assess the suitability of the room, the diffusivity was evaluated using the standard deviation of both the reverberation times and the equivalent continuous sound pressure levels at multiple positions within the room. These results, along with a comparison with expected values for a diffuse sound field, guided the design of reflector panels to introduce diffuse reflections. The implementation features acrylic (PMMA) as the primary material in combination with dense viscoelastic damping sheets, resulting in a low vibration solution. Suspended from the ceiling of the chamber, these improved the diffusivity of the sound field, making the room suitable for absorption measurements across a broad frequency range. Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-939296-23-2 U6 - https://doi.org/10.71568/dasdaga2025.291 SP - 1191 EP - 1194 CY - Berlin ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Höller, Christoph A1 - Parzinger, Michael A1 - Schanda, Ulrich T1 - The Sound Reduction Index of Homogeneous Building Elements according to Annex B of ISO 12354-1 – Discussion and Proposal for Changes T2 - Proceedings of DAS|DAGA 2025, 51st Annual Meeting on Acoustics, March 17-20, 2025, Copenhagen N2 - Annex B of ISO 12354-1:2017 describes a procedure for the calculation of the frequency-dependent sound reduction index of homogeneous building elements such as concrete floors or masonry walls. With the introduction of EN 12354-5:2023 and an upcoming change in DIN 4109-2 regarding the calculation of sound levels due to service equipment, it is anticipated that the practical relevance and usage of Annex B will increase in the future. For this reason, the procedure has recently been investigated by an informal working group of academics from several German universities. It was found that Annex B contains some errors, missing references, and ambiguities in the calculation procedure. Based on these discussions, some changes were proposed to the committee responsible for the standard (CEN/TC 126/WG 2). While the general calculation procedure was left unchanged, the proposed changes focus on the influence of shear deformation, the radiation factor for free waves, a moving average function to limit the variability in the coincidence region, and the calculation examples provided in the annex. This contribution provides an overview of the procedure, presents some background information on the underlying theory, and discusses the proposed changes. Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-939296-23-2 U6 - https://doi.org/10.71568/dasdaga2025.147 SP - 312 EP - 315 CY - Berlin ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Rieger, Anna A1 - Däuble, Lukas A1 - Scheck, Jochen A1 - Zeitler, Berndt A1 - Höller, Christoph T1 - Experimental study on using transient excitation signals in the prediction of sound pressure levels from building services according to EN 12354-5 and EN 15657 T2 - Proceedings of DAS|DAGA 2025, 51st Annual Meeting on Acoustics, March 17-20, 2025, Copenhagen N2 - EN 12354-5:2023 describes a calculation procedure to predict the sound pressure levels from building service equipment. The procedure uses the blocked force of the source as input data. This quantity can be determined using the reception plate method according to EN 15657:2017. The methods have been developed and validated for stationary excitation signals (Leq). Real structure-borne sound sources often have time-varying excitation signals. In addition, the requirements for sound insulation against noise from building service equipment in Germany (DIN 4109) are given in terms of the maximum, time-weighted sound pressure level (LFmax). This contribution investigates the suitability of the methods described in EN 12354-5 and EN 15657 for structure-borne sound sources with transient excitation signals. A measurement series with time signals ranging from stationary to highly transient was conducted in a building-like laboratory. The reverberation time of the receiving room was adjusted to three different values. The calculations were processed using Leq values, LFmax values and short-time Leq values. The results show the uncertainties that can arise in the prediction of signals with varying transient characteristics compared to stationary excitation signals. Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-939296-23-2 U6 - https://doi.org/10.71568/dasdaga2025.526 SP - 372 EP - 375 CY - Berlin ER - TY - GEN A1 - Obergrießer, Mathias T1 - Digitale Kompetenzen im Bauwesen: BIM, Lean und KI BT - Werkzeugem für den modernen Bauingenieur T2 - VSVI-Bayern: Seminar BIM im Verkehrswegebau, 20.05.2025, Unterschleißheim KW - BIM KW - Bauingenieur KW - Berufliche Qualifikation KW - Digitale Kompetenz Y1 - 2025 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Appelt, Andreas T1 - BIM - Masterplan in der Lehre BT - Der weite Weg von der Klothoide zum digitalen Zwilling T2 - VSVI-Bayern: Seminar BIM im Verkehrswegebau, 20.05.2025, Unterschleißheim N2 - Neben der Vermittlung von grundlegenden Kenntnissen, Fertigkeiten und Kompetenzen im Bereich der Verkehrswegeplanung sind künftig auch die Grundlagen des modellbasierten Planens und die Anwendung in den entsprechenden Softwarelösungen zu vermitteln. Um diesem Umstand gerecht zu werden, wurden sowohl der Bachelor- als auch der Masterstudiengang Bauingenieurwesen an der OTH Regensburg neu strukturiert und die Themen Digitalisierung und Nachhaltigkeit im Rahmen von neu geschaffenen Schwerpunkten vertieft und in Modulen zu digitalen Kompetenzen über den gesamten Studienverlauf als Querschnittsthema implementiert. Um vorlesungsbegeleitend den Einsatz von digitalen Methoden zu fördern, wurde im Fachgebiet Straßenplanung / Straßenbau in den letzten Jahren ein durchgängiges Planungsprojekt einer fiktiven Ortsumfahrung entwickelt. Basierend auf realen Grundlagendaten (DGM, Rasterbilder, Achsdaten etc.) wurde die Reallaborsituation „Orstumfahrung Presseck“ aufgebaut. Die Herausforderung, um die Ansätze des BIM-Masterplans auch in der Lehre zu integrieren liegt in der Vermittlung einer neuen Arbeitsmethodik bei begrenztem zeitlichem Umfang im Rahmen der stark reglementierten Bachelorstudiengänge. Der Ansatz, eines durchgängigen Projektes das mittels kurzer Lehrvideos und Anleitungen vorlesungsbegleitend zur Verfügung gestellt wird, hat sich bewährt. Durch die konkrete Anwendung modellbasierter Methoden im Sinne einer „Technologie zum Anfassen“ wird ein dauerhafter Lernerfolg sichergestellt. Voraussetzung zu diesem Vorgehen ist die stetige Aktualisierung der Unterlagen und die zuverlässige Verfügbarkeit von Softwarelösungen, was nur mit entsprechender personeller Ausstattung möglich ist. KW - BIM KW - Verkehrswegebau Y1 - 2025 ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Rill, Georg T1 - Second-Order Dynamic Friction Model Goes Bi-Dimensional N2 - Dynamic friction models can handle not only slip-stick-slip transitions but also stick as long as the external load does not exceed the friction limit. The recently developed second-order dynamic friction model (FrD2) uses two internal states. It models standard friction characteristics by a smooth analytical function, which includes the Stribeck effect and also a viscous component. A horizontal shift of the regularized friction characteristics provides non-vanishing friction forces required to keep stick. Unlike the well-known LuGre model, the FrD2 model reproduces predefined friction characteristics very accurately and shows no drift under pulsating loads. This paper shows how to extend FrD2 to its bi-dimensional version FrD2bd. KW - Second-Order Dynamic Friction Model KW - Shifted Regularization KW - Bi-Dimensional Friction KW - Planar Oscillator KW - Sliding Pendulum Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-80791 CY - Regensburg ER -