TY - JOUR A1 - Weindler, Jeremy A1 - Dawoud, Belal T1 - Experimental investigation of a small-scale continuous flow ohmic heating reactor for a highly effective conversion of renewable electricity surpluses into heat JF - Applied Thermal Engineering N2 - Sector coupling is expected to play a decisive role as a key technology to realize the energy transition towards green energy supply. This work introduces, therefore, a comprehensive experimental study on a new power-to-heat system based on the continuous-flow, ohmic heating principle, which aims at utilizing renewable electricity in green processes. The ohmic heating technology, which is widely applied in the food industry, has been adapted and evaluated for delivering heat and domestic hot water to a single-family house. The introduced prototype is designed to convert renewable electricity into heat in the power range between 1000 and 3000 W with a typical electrical household installation (230 V, 50 Hz and 16 A fuse). A dedicated test rig has been developed and a comprehensive experimental campaign has been carried out to investigate the performance of the introduced system under typical operating conditions of a single-family house. Both the conversion efficiency and the dynamics of the thermal response of the introduced system have been assessed. It turned out that, the temperature lift between the return and supply of the reactor, and consequently, the conversion efficiency of electrical into thermal energy, are independent on the return temperature, for a fixed value of the volume flow rate of the electrolyte solution. A remarkable steady-state conversion efficiency of 97.5% has been measured. In addition, the dynamic response of the ohmic heating system has been found to be strongly dependent on the desired temperature lift. By an implemented controller, 95% of the steady state temperature lift of 44.5 K can be realized in 50 s, which marks an exceptionally rapid thermal response. The obtained results pave the way towards a field test study of the developed technology in a real household installation as well as to extend the focus on new fields such as green chemical processes. KW - renewable energy KW - Ohmic-heating KW - Power-to-heat KW - Sector coupling KW - Energy surpluses Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2024.122401 SN - 1359-4311 N1 - Corresponding author der OTH Regensburg: Dawoud, Belal VL - 242 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Galka, Stefan A1 - Strassburger, Steffen A1 - Lang, Sebastian A1 - Reggelin, Tobias ED - Bui, Tung T1 - Introduction to the Minitrack on Simulation Modeling and Digital Twins for Decision Making in the Age of Industry 4.0 T2 - Proceedings of the 57th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS), January3-6, 2024, Honolulu, Hawaii N2 - The minitrack contains contributions with a focus on simulation modeling and digital twins and decision making in the context of Industry 4.0. The use of simulation models and digital twins is manifold, from planning to virtual commission and real-time operational decision support. Cyber-physical systems integrate the real world and the virtual world to enable decision making in the age of Industry 4.0. For example, customer decisions and supply disruptions which directly influence manufacturing and logistics systems require immediate decisions. Thus, models must have the capability to support decision making in manufacturing as well as in internal and external logistics in real-time. Methods include discrete-event simulation, discrete-rate simulation, hybrid simulation, system dynamics simulation, the combination of simulation modeling with machine learning or optimization heuristics, prescriptive analytics, and adaptive systems. Furthermore, this minitrack addresses simulation education and simulation models used for education and training in manufacturing and logistics. Y1 - 2024 SN - 978-0-9981331-7-1 U6 - https://doi.org/10.24251/HICSS.2024.206 SP - 1647 EP - 1648 PB - ScholarSpace ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Empacher, Christina A1 - Kamps, Udo A1 - Schmiedt, Anja Bettina T1 - Prediction intervals for future Pareto record claims JF - European Actuarial Journal N2 - Stochastic models and methods for quantifying extreme events are of interest in numerous disciplines. Within this paper, statistical prediction of extreme claims or losses in insurance industry is considered based on upper record values, which describe successively largest observations in a sequence of data over time. The problem of predicting a future record value (here in particular, a future record claim) based on a sequence of previously observed record values (here, past record claims) is addressed by means of prediction intervals. For an underlying Pareto distribution, respective exact and approximate intervals from the literature are summarized and modified and new ones are developed. In a simulation study, these prediction intervals are evaluated and compared regarding coverage frequency and length. The impact of the number of observed record values as well as the choice of the Pareto distribution is discussed. In the case of a small number of record values, the use of k-th record values is considered as an option for statistical analyses to predict, e.g., second largest record claims. Selected prediction methods are applied to several real data sets, which turn out to perform well and to be able to capture the magnitude of future record claims, even for fairly small numbers of record observations. For comparison, generalized Pareto distributions are fitted to real data sets and a corresponding point predictor as well as a respective upper prediction interval for the next record to appear are derived and evaluated. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s13385-024-00397-1 SN - 2190-9733 VL - 15 IS - 1 SP - 163 EP - 197 PB - Springer ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schmiedt, Anja A1 - Weiß, Christian T1 - The pair correlation function of multi-dimensional low-discrepancy sequences with small stochastic error terms JF - Journal of Number Theory N2 - In any dimension d ≥ 2, there is no known example of a low-discrepancy sequence which possesses Poisssonian pair correlations. This is in some sense rather surprising, because low-discrepancy sequences always have β-Poissonian pair correlations for all 0 < β < 1 d and are therefore arbitrarily close to having Poissonian pair correlations (which corresponds to the case β = 1 d ). In this paper, we further elaborate on the closeness of the two notions. We show that d-dimensional Kronecker sequences for badly approximable vectors � α with an arbitrary small uniformly distributed stochastic error term generically have β = 1 d -Poissonian pair correlations. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnt.2023.12.011 SN - 0022-314X VL - 259 SP - 422 EP - 437 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weber, Karsten T1 - The Right to make fatal decisions JF - The American Journal of Bioethics Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/15265161.2024.2361903 SN - 1526-5161 VL - 24 IS - 8 SP - 127 EP - 128 PB - Taylor & Francis ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Thieme, Dorothea A1 - Linnemann, Birgit A1 - Mühlberg, Katja Sibylle A1 - Noppeney, Thomas A1 - Kreutz, Maria A1 - Thieme, Marcus T1 - Compression Therapy in Acute Deep Venous Thrombosis of the Lower Limb and for the Prevention of Post-Thrombotic Syndrome BT - A Review Based on a Structured Literature Search JF - Deutsches Ärzteblatt International N2 - Background: After an acute deep venous thrombosis (DVT) of the lower limb, 20% to 63% of patients develop post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS). In this review, we address the efficacy of compression therapy in the treatment of acute DVT of the lower limb, and for the prevention of PTS. Methods: 12 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and one meta-analysis, with a total of 3751 patients, were identified in a structured literature search. Results: Two RCTs showed that adding compression therapy to drug treatment in the first 9 days of the acute phase of lower limb DVT led to more rapid pain relief (p<0.050) and less swelling (remaining difference in circumference, 1 cm versus 3 cm, p<0.050). As for the prevention of PTS, four RCTs showed a short-term benefit or no benefit of compression therapy. In three further RCTs, medical compression stockings (MCS) brought about a 16% to 27% absolute reduction of the frequency and severity of PTS (47% vs. 20 %, p<0.001; 40% vs. 21% (95% confidence intervals [29.9; 50.1] and [12.7; 29.5], respectively; and 58% vs. 42%, relative risk [RR] 0.73 [0,55; 0.96]). The benefit of MCS was also confirmed in a recent meta-analysis (RR 0.66 [0.44; 0.99], I2 = 88%). Thigh-length MCS were not superior to knee-length MCS for the prevention of PTS (33% vs. 36%, hazard ratio [HR] 0.93 [0.62; 1.41]). Individual, symptomoriented tailoring of the duration of treatment was not inferior to a fixed treatment duration of 24 months (29% vs. 28%; odds ratio [OR] 1.06 [0.78;1.44]). Conclusion: Compression therapy relieves symptoms in acute DVT and lessens the frequency and severity of PTS. It is therefore recommended as standard treatment. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3238/arztebl.m2024.0001 VL - 121 IS - 6 SP - 188 EP - 194 CY - Berlin ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Eiler, Julian A1 - Berndt, Dominik A1 - Schreiner, Rupert T1 - Miniaturisierter Wasserstoffsensor basierend auf der 3-Omega Methode T2 - Tagungsband zum 4. Symposium Elektronik und Systemintegration ESI: 17. April 2024, Hochschule Landshut N2 - Die Arbeit stellt einen thermischen Wasserstoffsensor auf Siliziumbasis vor, der mit der 3-Omega Messmethode betrieben wird. Durch das dynamische Messverfahren, die große Sensoroberfläche bei gleichzeitig geringer thermischer Masse und der Materialkombination wird eine Auflösungsgrenze von 55 ppm Wasserstoff in Stickstoff erreicht. Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:860-opus4-4205 SN - 978-3-9818439-9-6 SP - 38 EP - 45 PB - Hochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften Landshut CY - Landshut ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Buchner, Philipp A1 - Hausladen, Matthias A1 - Bartl, Mathias A1 - Schreiner, Rupert T1 - Elektronenquellen basierend auf Feldemission aus Silizium T2 - Tagungsband zum 4. Symposium Elektronik und Systemintegration ESI: 17. April 2024, Hochschule Landshut N2 - Der Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über zwei typische Bauformen für Elektronenquellen auf der Basis von Feldemission aus Silizium. Des Weiteren wird eine typische Trioden-Beschaltung solcher Elektronenquellen für hohe Elektronentransmission vorgestellt und dabei auf ihre Leistungsfähigkeit eingegangen. Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:860-opus4-4212 SN - 978-3-9818439-9-6 SP - 46 EP - 53 PB - Hochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften Landshut CY - Landshut ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Shahab, Muhammad A1 - Ullah, Abdul Wahab Usman A1 - Shehzad, Muhammad A1 - Shah, Syed Bilal A1 - Joyo, M. Kamran A1 - Khan, Sheroz T1 - Optimal distributed generation placement in radial distribution system using particle swarm optimization T2 - 2024 IEEE 9th International Conference on Engineering Technologies and Applied Sciences (ICETAS) N2 - This paper addresses losses of power in Radial Distribution Systems (RDS), which significantly affect voltage levels and operational costs. The main aim is to optimize the positioning and size of Distributed Generation (DG) units, including Photovoltaic (PV) cells, and Wind Turbines (WT), to analyze the effect of DG placement in reducing the losses in power and enhancing the voltage profiles in radial distribution system (IEEE 33 bus system). This research employs Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), a robust algorithm well-suited for tackling non-linear optimization issues in order to identify the appropriate placement and size for DG units. A number of scenarios with varying numbers of DG units are simulated, indicating significant reductions in active as well as reactive power losses. Likewise, the consistency and reliability requirements of modern distribution systems are improved as the voltage profile is improved. The key findings demonstrate that optimal DG integration enhances system efficiency, contributes to operational cost savings, and improves grid stability. PSO was chosen for its ability to effectively balance computational effort while achieving high accuracy in minimizing the losses associated with power and enhancing voltage profiles. In contrast to traditional optimization techniques, PSO offers superior accuracy and efficiency in addressing the challenges of non-linear optimization in RDS. KW - Radial Distribution System (RDS) KW - Distributed Generation (DG) KW - Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) KW - Voltage Profile KW - Power Losses Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/ICETAS62372.2024.11120307 PB - IEEE ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Markov-Glazer, Alon A1 - Elbe, Anne-Marie A1 - Schliermann, Rainer T1 - The use of psychological skills in deaflympic sport JF - European Journal of Adapted Physical Activity N2 - This study explores the use of psychological skills among Deaflympic athletes and aims to provide initial insights into sport psychology practices in this overlooked population. To this end, the frequency of psychological skills’ usage, usage patterns, and differences between subgroups were examined within this population. The Test of Performance Strategies (TOPS) was administered to 84 German Deaflympic athletes (mean age = 28; 27% female) along with biographical questions (e.g., hearing status). The findings indicate that Deaflympic athletes regularly utilize psychological skills in training and competition, displaying similar usage to that of Olympic athletes. However, only a minority of Deaflympic athletes train their skills with professional consultants. Additionally, relaxation techniques were employed rarely in comparison to the other investigated skills. This study’s findings contribute to the foundation of sport psychology research with Deaflympic athletes and underscore the need for a differentiated approach in tailoring interventions for this population. KW - Deaf culture KW - Deaflympian KW - psychological skills training KW - TOPS Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5507/euj.2024.012 VL - 17 IS - 15 PB - European Federation of Adapted Physical Activity CY - Olomouc ER -