TY - JOUR A1 - Weilhammer, Theresa A1 - Warren, Hunter S. A1 - Bliznyuk, Valery A1 - Kutsevol, Nataliya A1 - Booth, Brian W. T1 - Analysis of Photodynamic Therapeutic Treatment of HER2-Positive Breast Cancer In Vitro JF - BioNanoScience N2 - Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a minimally invasive cancer treatment method. The antitumor effect of PDT mediated by the photosensitizer meta-tetra(hydroxyphenyl)chlorin (m-THPC) was studied in vitro on HER2-positive (HER2+) breast cancer cells. Since the application of m-THPC is limited due to poor tumor targeting abilities, the polymer carrier dextran-grafted-polyacrylamide (D-g-PAA) with attached gold nanoparticles was loaded with m-THPC to provide a light-responsive, tumor targeting nanocomposite. The nanocomposite was absorbed by the cancer cells within 90 min and activated through irradiation with red light at a wavelength of 660 nm. In this study, the efficiency and ideal dose of the nanocomposite were evaluated and determined based on cell viability and induction of apoptosis of HER2+ breast cancer cells and human breast epithelial cells. We demonstrate that the nanocomposite exhibited phototoxicity with cell mortality exceeding 50% for the HER2+ breast cancer cells. In contrast, the human breast epithelial cells were minimally affected at the same concentration of the nanocomposite, demonstrating the tumor-targeting abilities of the developed nanocomposite. Dark toxicity was also comparably lower, indicating the limited effect of the unactivated nanocomposite. The results revealed that apoptosis was the primary mode of cell death in HER2+ breast cancer cells. Apoptotic cell death was induced in HER2+ breast cancer cells via the caspase-3, caspase-9, and Bax pathways. In conclusion, the studied nanocomposite demonstrated excellent PDT performance with good antitumor activity under light irradiation in vitro and is worthy of further investigation as an alternative treatment for HER2+ breast cancer. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12668-025-01940-4 VL - 15 PB - Springer ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Keiner, Dominik A1 - Walter, Lukas A1 - Bogdanov, Dmitrii A1 - Peters, Ian Marius A1 - Breyer, Christian T1 - Assessing the impact of bifacial solar photovoltaics on future power systems based on capacity-density-optimised power plant yield modelling JF - Solar Energy N2 - Bifacial solar photovoltaic (PV) technology is currently taking over the solar PV module market, exceeding a 90% share in 2025. This important technology must be included in energy system modelling. This study provides a method for calculating the yield of monofacial and bifacial power plants in fixed-tilted, single-axis tracking, and east-west facing vertical setup. A novel method is introduced to maximise the capacity density of solar PV power plants without the need for detailed land cost for the most efficient use of the occupied area. The results indicate a 15-20% yield gain from single-axis tracking compared to fixed-tilted power plants, and a limited bifacial gain of up to 10% for most areas of the world. Higher bifacial gains are sporadically possible in specific conditions. Fixed-tilted systems show higher bifacial gains. Optimising tilt angles and row pitch would allow for 147 MW/ km2 capacity density today, though on average 70-110 MW/km2 can be achieved for 20.2% module efficiency. The impact on the power system, studied in a free cost optimisation scenario and forcing vertical bifacial PV scenario, implying agrivoltaics, is not significant with a +/- 10% change in total solar PV capacity, change in installed wind power of on average-10%, increase of installed battery capacity of on average 5%, and an on average changed levelised cost of electricity of-2% globally. Bifacial solar PV technology has been found to be beneficial but no game changer for future power systems; system improvements are widely possible underlining the important role of this technology. KW - Bifacial KW - Capacity density KW - Energy system modelling KW - Monofacial KW - photovoltaics KW - Power plant Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2025.113543 VL - 295 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hoess, Nicole A1 - Paradis, Carlos A1 - Kazman, Rick A1 - Mauerer, Wolfgang T1 - Does the Tool Matter? Exploring Some Causes of Threats to Validity in Mining Software Repositories T2 - 2025 IEEE International Conference on Software Analysis, Evolution and Reengineering (SANER), Montreal, QC, Canada, March, 4-7, 2025 N2 - Software repositories are an essential source of information for software engineering research on topics such as project evolution and developer collaboration. Appropriate mining tools and analysis pipelines are therefore an indispensable precondition for many research activities. Ideally, valid results should not depend on technical details of data collection and processing. It is, however, widely acknowledged that mining pipelines are complex, with a multitude of implementation decisions made by tool authors based on their interests and assumptions. This raises the questions if (and to what extent) tools agree on their results and are interchangeable. In this study, we use two tools to extract and analyse ten large software projects, quantitatively and qualitatively comparing results and derived data to better understand this concern. We analyse discrepancies from a technical point of view, and adjust code and parametrisation to minimise replication differences. Our results indicate that despite similar trends, even simple metrics such as the numbers of commits and developers may differ by up to 500%. We find that such substantial differences are often caused by minor technical details. We show how tool-level and data post-processing changes can overcome these issues, but find they may require considerable efforts. We summarise identified causes in our lessons learned to help researchers and practitioners avoid common pitfalls, and reflect on implementation decisions and their influence in ensuring obtained data meets explicit and implicit expectations. Our findings lead us to hypothesise that similar uncertainties exist in other analysis tools, which may limit the validity of conclusions drawn in tool-centric research. KW - Codes KW - Collaboration KW - Data collection KW - Data mining KW - Developer Networks KW - Empirical Software Engineering KW - Market research KW - Measurement KW - Mining Software Repositories KW - Pipelines KW - Research Software KW - Software engineering KW - Uncertainty Y1 - 2025 SN - 979-8-3315-3510-0 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/SANER64311.2025.00067 SP - 645 EP - 656 PB - IEEE ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Doepfert, Markus A1 - Candas, Soner A1 - Kraus, Hermann A1 - Tzscheutschler, Peter A1 - Hamacher, Thomas T1 - Assessing the techno-economic benefits of LEMs for different grid topologies and prosumer shares JF - iScience N2 - The shift toward decentralized and renewable energy sources has introduced significant challenges to traditional power systems, necessitating innovative market designs. Local energy markets present a viable solution for integrating distributed energy resources such as photovoltaic systems, electric vehicles, and heat pumps. This study investigates the techno-economic implications of local energy markets compared to conventional market designs, focusing on their impact on average energy prices and operational peak power. Through comprehensive simulations across various grid topologies with varying penetration levels of the distributed energy resources, totaling 400 simulation setups, we demonstrate that local energy markets can enhance economic efficiency and grid stability with 99% of the scenarios boasting lower average energy prices and 80% lower operational peak power levels. The findings suggest that local energy markets can play a role in the future energy system, provided that additional infrastructure, management costs, and bureaucratic complexity are kept to a minimum. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2025.112493 VL - 28 IS - 6 PB - Elsevier - Cell Press ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Knödler, Christoph A1 - Schroll-Decker, Irmgard A1 - Schiegl, Corina ED - Heese, Carl ED - Schütz, Sandra ED - Obergrießer, Stefanie T1 - Der Begriff der Nachhaltigkeit in der Sozialgerichtsbarkeit T2 - Die Nachhaltigkeitsziele der UN im Spiegel der Wissenschaft : Beispiele aus der Sozial- und Gesundheitsforschung N2 - Dieser Beitrag fokussiert die Verwendung des Begriffes der „Nachhaltigkeit“ inklusive dazugehöriger Konnotationen in der Rechtsprechung der Sozialgerichtsbarkeit, ausgehend von der europa- und verfassungsrechtlichen Ebene über das Bundessozialgericht (BSG), die Landessozialgerichte (LSG) bis hin zu den Sozialgerichten (SG). In diesem Zusammenhang werden Entscheidungen recherchiert und analysiert, die die Begriffe Nachhaltigkeit oder nachhaltige Entwicklung beinhalten. Die Sichtungen und Auswertungen umfassen insbesondere aktuelle Entscheidungen zu Aspekten sozialer Nachhaltigkeit, die strukturiert und inhaltlich aufbereitet werden. Aufgrund des primär rechtsauslegenden und rechtsanwendenden Charakters der analysierten Entscheidungen und einer bisher nicht erfolgten Juridifizierung von intergenerationeller Gerechtigkeit bilden die Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) lediglich politische Zielvorgaben. KW - Intergenerationelle Gerechtigkeit KW - Juridifizierung KW - Sozialgerichtsbarkeit Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-658-43333-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-43334-5_4 SN - 2731-8834 SP - 53 EP - 67 PB - Springer VS CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Deuter, Daniel A1 - Haj, Amer A1 - Brawanski, Alexander A1 - Krenkel, Lars A1 - Schmidt, Nils Ole A1 - Doenitz, Christian T1 - Fast simulation of hemodynamics in intracranial aneurysms for clinical use JF - Acta Neurochirurgica N2 - BACKGROUND: A widely accepted tool to assess hemodynamics, one of the most important factors in aneurysm pathophysiology, is Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). As current workflows are still time consuming and difficult to operate, CFD is not yet a standard tool in the clinical setting. There it could provide valuable information on aneurysm treatment, especially regarding local risks of rupture, which might help to optimize the individualized strategy of neurosurgical dissection during microsurgical aneurysm clipping. METHOD: We established and validated a semi-automated workflow using 3D rotational angiographies of 24 intracranial aneurysms from patients having received aneurysm treatment at our centre. Reconstruction of vessel geometry and generation of volume meshes was performed using AMIRA 6.2.0 and ICEM 17.1. For solving ANSYS CFX was used. For validational checks, tests regarding the volumetric impact of smoothing operations, the impact of mesh sizes on the results (grid convergence), geometric mesh quality and time tests for the time needed to perform the workflow were conducted in subgroups. RESULTS: Most of the steps of the workflow were performed directly on the 3D images requiring no programming experience. The workflow led to final CFD results in a mean time of 22 min 51.4 s (95%-CI 20 min 51.562 s-24 min 51.238 s, n = 5). Volume of the geometries after pre-processing was in mean 4.46% higher than before in the analysed subgroup (95%-CI 3.43-5.50%). Regarding mesh sizes, mean relative aberrations of 2.30% (95%-CI 1.51-3.09%) were found for surface meshes and between 1.40% (95%-CI 1.07-1.72%) and 2.61% (95%-CI 1.93-3.29%) for volume meshes. Acceptable geometric mesh quality of volume meshes was found. CONCLUSIONS: We developed a semi-automated workflow for aneurysm CFD to benefit from hemodynamic data in the clinical setting. The ease of handling opens the workflow to clinicians untrained in programming. As previous studies have found that the distribution of hemodynamic parameters correlates with thin-walled aneurysm areas susceptible to rupture, these data might be beneficial for the operating neurosurgeon during aneurysm surgery, even in acute cases. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00701-025-06469-9 VL - 167 PB - Springer ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schmiedt, Anja B. A1 - Empacher, Christina A1 - Kamps, Udo T1 - One- and two-sided prediction intervals for future Pareto record values with applications JF - Journal of Statistical Theory and Applications N2 - Based on upper record values in a series of observations over time from a Pareto distribution, an exact and several approximate one-sided and two-sided prediction intervals for the next record value (or for another future record value) to appear are studied and compared by means of an extensive simulation study. The performances of the prediction intervals are evaluated and recommendations are proposed for what method should be used in a given situation with respect to the form of the prediction interval on the one hand and to the tail behaviour on the other. The proposed methods are applied to insurance, environmental and sports data, where the respectively fitted Pareto distributions show a different tail behaviour. As a result, it is seen that although the number of observed record values in the presented real data applications is rather small, as it is usually the case, the selected prediction intervals are of practical use. KW - Interval prediction KW - Pareto distribution KW - Real data analyses KW - Record values KW - Simulation study Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-81605 SN - 2214-1766 N1 - Corresponding author der OTH Regensburg: Anja B. Schmiedt PB - Springer ER - TY - GEN A1 - Braune, N. A1 - Greiner, M. A1 - Kappen, F. A1 - Kerscher, S. A1 - Mezler, C. A1 - Walter, L. A1 - Mertens, J. A1 - Pfingsten, Andrea T1 - Investigation of Cognitive-Motor Interference in Dual Tasking T2 - physioscience N2 - The transferability of the results to the overall population is limited due to the small sample size, unequal gender distribution, and a low average age. The researchers suspect a subconscious prioritization of the Cognitive Task during Dual Tasking through a division of limited attention resources of the central nervous system. In general, the findings of this study are closely aligned with the key points of the Central Capacity Sharing Model [1] and the Bottleneck Theory [2]. For future research, it is essential to consider a larger sample size, a more balanced gender distribution, and the inclusion of diverse age groups in order to achieve more reliable results. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0045-1808174 N1 - Abstract/Poster-Beitrag zu 8. Forschungssymposium Physiotherapie der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Physiotherapiewissenschaft e. V. Cottbus Senftenberg, 22.–23.11.2025 VL - 21 IS - S 01 SP - S36 PB - Thieme ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Beck, Nico A1 - Dovern, Jonas A1 - Vogl, Stefanie T1 - Mind the naive forecast! a rigorous evaluation of forecasting models for time series with low predictability JF - Applied Intelligence N2 - In the field of time series forecasting, numerous machine learning studies have assessed the performance of new methods on highly volatile data from macroeconomics and finance. Unlike in other domains, where models are also compared to simpler statistical or naive baselines, they mostly compare the performance solely relative to other complex models. This approach may lead to limited conclusions and reduce the practical significance of the results, as it overlooks the unpredictability of some highly volatile time series in the datasets used. We apply state-of-the-art methods from time-series econometrics and machine learning, including autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA), exponential smoothing (ETS), Bayesian vector autoregressive model (BVAR), long-short term memory neural networks (LSTM), historical consistent neural networks (HCNN), deep vector autoregressive neural networks (DeepVAR), temporal fusion transformers (TFT), and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost). Our results demonstrate that no method consistently outperforms the naive (no-change) forecast for highly volatile time series from two popular datasets containing exchange rates and stock prices, rendering comparative analysis between complex models less meaningful. In contrast, when applied to more predictable macroeconomic price indices, many of the methods significantly outperform naive forecasts. We find that the performance of machine learning models deteriorates more than that of statistical models for high-volatility time series. This study highlights the critical importance of using appropriate benchmark models, including cost-effective, simple approaches, on datasets that permit meaningful conclusions. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10489-025-06268-w VL - 55 IS - 6 PB - Springer ER - TY - BOOK ED - Heese, Carl ED - Schütz, Sandra ED - Obergrießer, Stefanie T1 - Die Nachhaltigkeitsziele der UN im Spiegel der Wissenschaft : Beispiele aus der Sozial- und Gesundheitsforschung T3 - SDG - Forschung, Konzepte, Lösungsansätze zur Nachhaltigkeit N2 - Das Tableau der Nachhaltigkeitsziele der Vereinten Nationen fordert alle gesellschaftlichen Akteure heraus. Soll die globale Transformation in eine ressourcenorientierte Weltzivilisation gelingen, muss auch die Wissenschaft einen Beitrag für eine nachhaltige Entwicklung leisten. Der vorliegende Band konzentriert sich dabei auf die Perspektive der Sozial- und der Gesundheitswissenschaften. Er zeigt an vielen Beispielen, wie durch innovative Forschung die Probleme einzelner Nachhaltigkeitsziele analysiert, die Zielerreichung unterstützt und Zielkonflikte bearbeitet werden können. KW - Angewandte Wissenschaften KW - Forschung und Lehre KW - Gesundheitswissenschaften KW - Global Goals KW - Nachhaltigkeit KW - SDG KW - Soziale Ungleichheit KW - Sozialwissenschaften Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-658-43333-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-43334-5 SN - 2731-8834 PB - Springer VS CY - Wiesbaden ER -