TY - JOUR A1 - Linardos, Akis A1 - Pati, Sarthak A1 - Baid, Ujjwal A1 - Edwards, Brandon A1 - Foley, Patrick A1 - Ta, Kevin A1 - Chung, Verena A1 - Sheller, Micah A1 - Khan, Muhammad Irfan A1 - Jafaritadi, Mojtaba A1 - Kontio, Elina A1 - Khan, Suleiman A1 - Mächler, Leon A1 - Ezhov, Ivan A1 - Shit, Suprosanna A1 - Paetzold, Johannes C. A1 - Grimberg, Gustav A1 - Nickel, Manuel A. A1 - Naccache, David A1 - Siomos, Vasilis A1 - Passerat-Palmbach, Jonathan A1 - Tarroni, Giacomo A1 - Kim, Daewoon A1 - Klausmann, Leonard L. A1 - Shah, Prashant A1 - Menze, Bjoern A1 - Makris, Dimitrios A1 - Bakas, Spyridon T1 - The MICCAI Federated Tumor Segmentation (FeTS) Challenge 2024: Efficient and Robust Aggregation Methods for Federated Learning JF - Machine Learning for Biomedical Imaging (MELBA Journal) N2 - We present the design and results of the MICCAI Federated Tumor Segmentation (FeTS) Challenge 2024, focusing on federated learning (FL) for glioma sub-region segmentation in multi-parametric MRI scans, and evaluating novel weight aggregation methods for increased robustness and efficiency. Participating methods from six teams are evaluated using a standardized FL setup and a multi-institutional dataset derived from the BraTS glioma benchmark—a dataset consisting of 1,251 training cases, 219 validation cases, and 570 hidden test cases, with segmentations of enhancing tumor (ET), tumor core (TC), and whole tumor (WT). Teams are ranked by a cumulative scoring system accounting for segmentation performance—measured by Dice Similarity Coefficient (DSC) and 95th percentile Hausdorff Distance (HD95)—and communication efficiency assessed through the convergence score. A PID-controller-based approach emerges as the top-performing method, achieving a mean DSC of 0.733, 0.761, and 0.751 for ET, TC, and WT, respectively, with corresponding HD95 values of 33.922mm, 33.623mm, and 32.309mm, while also being the most efficient with a convergence score of 0.764. These results contribute to ongoing advances in FL, building on top-performers from previous challenge iterations and surpassing them, highlighting PID controllers as powerful mechanisms for stabilizing and optimizing weight aggregation in FL. The challenge code is available at https://github.com/FeTS-AI/Challenge. KW - Federated Learning KW - glioma KW - segmentation KW - aggregation KW - brain tumor Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.59275/j.melba.2025-5242 VL - 3 IS - December SP - 757 EP - 774 PB - MELBA ER - TY - THES A1 - Brandt, Hanna T1 - Exoskelettale Unterstützung in der Pflege – Evaluation der muskuloskelettalen Belastung des unteren Rückens und der Akzeptanz von Exoskeletten beim passiven Transfer Sitz-Stand Eine Mixed-Methods-Studie N2 - Diese Mixed-Methods-Studie unertsucht den Einfluss von Exoskeletten auf die physische Belastung und Akzeptanz von Pflegekräften. Ziel der Studie war es, die Wirkung eines passiven, rückenunterstützenden Exoskeletts auf Muskelaktivität, Körperhaltung und subjektivem Anstrengungsempfinden während eines simulierten Transfers von Patient*innen zu evaluieren. Dazu wurde eine quantitative Analyse mit 33 Pflegekräften durchgeführt, die ein Exoskelett in drei unterschiedlichen Unterstützungsformen trugen. Die Muskelaktivität zeigte keine signifikanten Unterschiede, gleichzeitig zeigten sich signifikante Ergebnisse in der Reduktion des subjektiven Belastungsempfinden beim Tragen des Exoskeletts und der geringeren Hüftbeugung beim Tragen des Exoskeletts. Eine qualitative Studie ergänzte die Untersuchung, indem die Akzeptanzfaktoren und Implementierungshürden identifiziert wurden. Besonders der Tragekomfort und die Kompatibilität des Exoskeletts mit den spezifischen Pflegeaufgaben sind entscheidend. Weitere Forschung nötig ist, um die langfristigen Effekte auf die muskuloskelettale Gesundheit und die optimale Implementierung dieser Technologie in Pflegeeinrichtungen besser zu verstehen. This mixed-methods study investigated the influence of exoskeletons on the physical strain and acceptance of nurses. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of a passive, back-supporting exoskeleton on muscle activity, posture and subjective perception of exertion during a simulated transfer of patients. For this purpose, a quantitative analysis was conducted with 33 nurses wearing an exoskeleton in three different forms of support. There were no significant differences in muscle activity, but there were significant results in the reduction of the subjective feeling of strain when wearing the exoskeleton and less hip flexion when wearing the exoskeleton. A qualitative study supplemented the investigation by identifying the acceptance factors and implementation hurdles. In particular, wearing comfort and the compatibility of the exoskeleton with specific care tasks are crucial. Further research is needed to better understand the long-term effects on musculoskeletal health and the optimal implementation of this technology in care facilities. Translated with www.DeepL.com/Translator (free version) KW - acceptance KW - Akzeptanz KW - exoskeleton KW - Exoskelette KW - nurses KW - Pflege KW - physical strain KW - physische Belastung Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:355-epub-594003 PB - Universität Regensburg ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Schildbach, Ina T1 - Armut verstehen N2 - Um Armut zu bekämpfen, scheint es naheliegend, mehr Geld zu fordern: mehr Geld in Gestalt von Sozialstaatsausgaben, für Entwicklungshilfe etc. Nur: In Zeiten der Klimakrise kann darin nicht die zentrale Lösung für das nach wie vor drängende Problem der nationalen und weltweiten Armut liegen. Was folgt daraus? Natürlich nicht, dass wir Menschen und Staaten das Recht auf Entwicklung absprechen. Unsere exklusiven und exkludierenden Privilegien aufgrund der Zufälligkeit des Geburtsortes lassen sich nicht rechtfertigen. Dennoch ist diese Erkenntnis der Nicht-Verallgemeinerbarkeit relevant. Sie verdeutlicht, dass wir prinzipiell anders über das Phänomen Armut nachdenken müssen. Hierzu möchte dieses Buch einen Beitrag leisten. KW - Armut KW - Krise KW - Politikwissenschaft KW - Politische Philosophie KW - Soziale Ungleichheit KW - Sozialwissenschaft Y1 - 2024 UR - https://elibrary.utb.de/doi/book/10.46499/9783756616640 SN - 978-3-7566-1664-0 PB - Wochenschau Verlag CY - Frankfurt am Main ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Khamis, Mahmoud Abo A1 - Hurjui, Alexandru-Mihai A1 - Kara, Ahmet A1 - Olteanu, Dan A1 - Suciu, Dan A1 - Tian, Zilu T1 - Output-Sensitive Evaluation of Acyclic Conjunctive Regular Path Queries T2 - 29th International Conference on Database Theory (ICDT 2026) N2 - Conjunctive Regular Path Queries, or CRPQs for short, are an essential construct in graph query languages. In this paper, we propose the first output-sensitive algorithm for evaluating acyclic CRPQs. It is output-sensitive in the sense that its complexity is a function of the sizes of the input graph and of the query output. In particular, it does not depend on the output sizes of the regular expressions that appear in the query, as these sizes can be much larger than the query output size. Our algorithm proceeds in two stages. In the first stage, it contracts the given query into a free-connex acyclic one such that the output of the original query can be obtained from the output of the contracted one. This contraction removes bound variables by composing regular expressions or by promoting bound variables to free ones. The minimum necessary number of promoted bound variables gives the contraction width, which is a novel parameter specific to CRPQs. In the second stage, our algorithm evaluates the free-connex acyclic CRPQ and projects away the columns of the promoted bound variables. It ensures output-sensitivity by computing the calibrated outputs of the regular expressions appearing in the free-connex acyclic CRPQ in time proportional to their sizes. Our algorithm has lower complexity than the state-of-the-art approaches for problem instances where (i) the query output is asymptotically smaller than the worst-case output size or (ii) the largest output size of any of the regular expression in the query. Y1 - 2026 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.ICDT.2026.18 SP - 18:1 EP - 18:20 PB - Dagstuhl Publishing ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Abramovich, Omer A1 - Deutch, Daniel A1 - Frost, Nave A1 - Kara, Ahmet A1 - Olteanu, Dan T1 - Advancing Fact Attribution for Query Answering: Aggregate Queries and Novel Algorithms T2 - Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment N2 - In this paper, we introduce a novel approach to computing the contribution of input tuples to the result of the query, quantified by the Banzhaf and Shapley values. In contrast to prior algorithmic work that focuses on Select-Project-Join-Union queries, ours is the first practical approach for queries with aggregates. It relies on two novel optimizations that are essential for its practicality and significantly improve the runtime performance already for queries without aggregates. The first optimization exploits the observation that many input tuples have the same contribution to the query result, so it is enough to compute the contribution of one of them. The second optimization uses the gradient of the query lineage to compute the contributions of all tuples with the same complexity as for one of them. Experiments with a million instances over 3 databases show that our approach achieves up to 3 orders of magnitude runtime improvements over the state-of-the-art for queries without aggregates, and that it is practical for aggregate queries. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.14778/3749646.3749670 SN - 2150-8097 VL - 18 IS - 11 SP - 3996 EP - 4008 PB - VLDB Endowment ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Thurner, Dorothea A1 - Wissing, Christiane T1 - Fair und einheitlich: Beurteilen in der Ausbildung JF - Pflegezeitschrift N2 - Die Beurteilung von Pflegelernenden gehört zu den Kernaufgaben Pflegelehrender. Der Beitrag stellt die theoretischen Grundlagen zum Thema Beurteilung und Kompetenz, basierend auf der Buchveröffentlichung von Kerres et al. (2024), gebündelt dar. Weiterführend wird die Rolle der Pflegelehrenden hinsichtlich ihrer diagnostischen Kompetenzen betrachtet. Herausforderungen wie der Fachkräftemangel im Bereich Gesundheit und Pflege sowie die Heterogenität der Lernenden beeinflussen die Beurteilungskultur. Insgesamt ist die Beurteilung ein dynamischen Prozess, der eine bewusste und reflexive Hinwendung des Kollegiums bedarf. KW - Beurteilung KW - Kompetenz Beurteilungskultur KW - pädagogische Diagnostik KW - Pflegeausbildung Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s41906-024-2737-2 SN - 0945-1129 SN - 2520-1816 VL - 77 IS - 12 SP - 36 EP - 38 PB - Springer ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gerstner, Mathias A1 - Fischer, Sebastian A1 - Hackenberg, Rudolf T1 - Spatio-Temporal and Context-Aware Dataset for Mobile Network Forecasting JF - International Journal on Advances in Networks and Services N2 - As autonomous driving becomes increasingly feasible, the German government has introduced a legal framework to enable the operation of vehicles with Level 4 automated driving functionality. A key requirement is the maintenance of a continuous connection between such vehicles and a remote technical supervisor. If this link is lost, the vehicle must transition into a safe state by bringing itself to a controlled stop. To mitigate the risk of connection loss, accurate forecasting of mobile network availability along routes is essential. This paper describes a spatio-temporal analysis of mobile network signal quality metrics along a fixed rural route based on 48 repeated measurement drives. The route was segmented into 320 spatial reference sections to enable consistent cross-trip comparison and stability assessment. A classification into usable and non-usable connectivity states reveals that more than half of the sections show pronounced trip-to-trip variability. The results show that mobile network quality is not only dependent on geographic location but is also influenced by environmental conditions. While global correlations between weather parameters and raw signal metrics remain weak, moderate relationships can be seen when analyzing the share of functionally usable connectivity in spatially unstable sections. A walk-forward forecasting model demonstrates that the inclusion of temperature in the model reduces prediction error compared to a purely historical baseline in 73.7% of evaluated trips. The findings show the importance of feature selection and also the limitations of linear modeling approaches. Rather than acting as deterministic predictors of signal strength, contextual parameters primarily modulate connectivity uncertainty in spatially unstable regions. These findings underscore the importance of contextual information and localized modeling to predict network availability for safety-critical systems, such as autonomous vehicles. Y1 - 2026 UR - https://www.iariajournals.org/networks_and_services/netser_v19_n12_2026_paged.pdf SN - 1942-2644 VL - 19 IS - 1&2 SP - 83 EP - 97 PB - IARIA ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Böhm, Valter A1 - Lehmann, Lukas A1 - Herrmann, David T1 - Ein Beitrag zu Möglichkeiten der Realisierung von formveränderlichen Tensegrity-Strukturen – homogene 2D-Tensegrity-Netze mit rechteckigen Drucksegment-Topologien T2 - Berichte der 16. Fachtagung Baustatik – Baupraxis 16 : 28.-29. Mai 2026, Dresden N2 - Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht die Topologie und das mechanische Verhalten von 2D-Tensegrity-Netzen auf Basis regelmäßiger, polygonaler Grundformen. Ausgehend von grundlegenden geometrischen Überlegungen zu Dreiecks-, Quadrat- und Sechseck-Tessellierungen werden unterschiedliche Tensegrity-Basiseinheiten entwickelt und systematisch zu periodischen Netzstrukturen kombiniert. Der Fokus liegt dabei auf quadratischen Tensegrity Zellen. Neben etablierten heterogenen Netzstrukturen, die aus der Kombination unterschiedlicher Drucksegmenttypen bestehen, werden erstmals homogene Tensegrity-Netze mit einheitlicher Drucksegmenttopologie untersucht. Durch die Einführung neuartiger Drucksegmente mit rechteckiger Außenform können Tensegrity-Netze mit deutlich kleineren Leerstellen aufgebaut werden. Die mechanische Charakterisierung erfolgt mittels geometrisch und statisch nicht- linearer Finite-Element-Analysen sowie anhand von Flexibilitätsellipsen elementarer Einheiten . Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass sich durch gezielte Variation von Geometrie, Vorspannung und innerer Topologie sowohl Steifigkeit als auch kollisionsfreie Verformbarkeit der Netze gezielt einstellen lassen. Damit leisten die untersuchten Strukturen einen Beitrag zum geometriebasierten Entwurf materialeffizienter und adaptiver Tragwerkskonzepte. KW - Baustatik KW - Baupraxis KW - Tragwerksplanung KW - Bauingenieurwesen KW - Netzstrukturen KW - Tragwerkskonzepte Y1 - 2026 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa2-1058375 CY - Dresden ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Ehrnsperger, Matthias G. A1 - Hoese, H. L. A1 - Siart, U. A1 - Eibert, T. F. T1 - Performance Investigation of Machine Learning Algorithms for Simple Human Gesture Recognition Employing an Ultra Low Cost Radar System T2 - 2019 Kleinheubach Conference = Kleinheubacher Tagung : September 23-25, 2019, Miltenberg, Germany / International Union of Radio Science (U.R:S.I.) N2 - The following topics are dealt with: radar imaging; iterative methods; electromagnetic fields; radar detection; learning (artificial intelligence); electromagnetic interference; transfer functions; image resolution; synthetic aperture radar; ferrites. KW - Artificial intelligence KW - Feature extraction KW - Gesture recognition KW - Hardware KW - Low-Cost-Radar KW - Machine learning KW - Neural networks KW - radar KW - Real-time systems KW - Support vector machines KW - training Y1 - 2019 UR - https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8890169 SN - 978-3-948571-00-9 PB - IEEE CY - Piscataway ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Bürkner, Leonhard A1 - Westner, Markus ED - Buntine, Wray ED - Fjeld, Morten ED - Schöffmann, Klaus ED - Tran, Truyen ED - Tran, Minh-Triet ED - Huynh, Thi Thanh Binh ED - Dam, Tuan T1 - Critical Success Factors for AI Adoption: a Multivocal Literature Review and a Top Management Perspective T2 - Information and Communication Technology: 14th International Symposium, SOICT 2025, Nha Trang City, Vietnam, December 12–14, 2025, Proceedings, Part IV N2 - The strategic adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a critical determinant of competitive advantage, yet organizations face high failure rates. This paper aims to identify and categorize the Critical Success Factors (CSFs) that influence successful AI adoption by synthesizing academic and practitioner knowledge from a top-management perspective. We conducted a multivocal literature review of 57 academic and 20 practitioner sources, screened per PRISMA. From vote-count synthesis we identified 16 CSFs grouped via the Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) framework, with organizational factors dominating such as leadership support, AI literacy, and cultural readiness. Practitioner evidence corroborates most academic CSFs and adds implementation-centric aspects (e.g., AI scalability, use-case–value alignment, partnerships). Implications for top management/Chief Information Officers include prioritizing data governance, change capability, and portfolio-level value realization. From a theoretical perspective, the paper supports continued relevance of the TOE framework for AI while highlighting the amplified importance of its organizational dimension. KW - AI Adoption KW - Critical Success Factors KW - Multivocal Literature Review KW - TOE Framework KW - Top Management Perspective Y1 - 2027 SN - 978-981-92-2597-2 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-92-2597-2_38 SN - 1865-0929 N1 - Corresponding author der OTH Regensburg: Markus Westner SP - 472 EP - 485 PB - Springer CY - Singapore ER - TY - GEN A1 - Löffler, P. A1 - Weber Nunes, Danilo A1 - Rauber, David A1 - Ignatenko, Y. A1 - Kaspar, M. A1 - Palm, Christoph A1 - Messmann, Helmut A1 - Roser, David A. T1 - Automated recognition of upper GI anatomical sites in EGD using a ViT-based foundation model trained on public and tertiary-care data T2 - Zeitschrift für Gastroenterologie N2 - Aims  Systematic visualization of anatomical landmarks is critical to prevent "blind spots" during esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD), which are a primary cause of missed upper gastrointestinal cancers. Standardized documentation serves as a secondary but essential tool for quality assurance. We aimed to develop a deep learning approach for the automated classification of 28 anatomical categories, including a 22-segment mapping of the stomach based on the Japanese Systemic Stomach Screening (SSS) protocol. The primary goal was to provide a technical foundation for real-time monitoring of mucosal coverage to ensure examination completeness. Primary outcomes were macro F1-score and overall accuracy for this 28-class classification task. Methods  We used a multi-center dataset of 9.012 endoscopic images from 1.553 patients, merging the public GastroHUN database (5.202 images; 385 patients) [1] and an internal dataset (3.810 images; 1.168 patients) from a European tertiary referral centre (Augsburg, Germany). All images were obtained during routine EGD using Olympus endoscopes and anonymized prior to analysis. Each image was labelled at image level into one of 28 anatomical classes: oropharynx, esophagus, esophagogastric junction, duodenal bulb, second part of the duodenum, papilla and 22 gastric segments based on the SSS classification using a consensus-based multi-annotator process (n=4). A trained and supervised specialist annotated additional data from Augsburg. To handle this complexity, we employed a Vision Transformer (ViT-L/14) foundation model pre-trained via DINO-v2. Instead of full-parameter fine-tuning, which risks overfitting on medical datasets, we implemented Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) [2]. By targeting only the Q- and V-projection layers in the final six transformer blocks, we reduced the trainable parameters to 312.000 (0.36% of the total model). Evaluation was performed using a strict patient-wise 5-fold cross-validation. Results  The model achieved a mean macro F1-score of 0.88±0.01 and an overall accuracy of 0.88±0.01. Beyond robustly identifying major regions like the esophagus and duodenum, the model showed high precision in the more challenging differentiation of fine-grained SSS segments. The use of LoRA enabled stable training and strong generalization across the combined international and local datasets ([Abb. 1]). Conclusions  Integrating transformer-based foundation models with LoRA-based fine-tuning allows for highly accurate UGIT anatomical mapping. An F1-score of 0.88 across 28 classes suggests that this approach is robust enough for automated documentation and real-time quality monitoring. Future work will focus on expanding the multi-center data volume and implementing expert consensus-labeling across all subsets to fürther refine model reliability, alongside developing a real-time visualization tool that provides an intuitive overview of the explored segments. To our knowledge, this is among the first studies to leverage a public endoscopy dataset together with institutional data for upper GI anatomical site classification. Y1 - 2026 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0046-1817761 VL - 64 IS - 03 PB - Thieme ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bellinghoven, Jari A1 - Märkl, Raphaela A1 - Rauber, David A1 - Ebigbo, Alanna A1 - Palm, Christoph A1 - Nagl, Sandra A1 - Probst, Andreas A1 - Messmann, Helmut A1 - Roser, David T1 - Künstliche Intelligenz zur Erkennung von endoskopisch resektablen Adenokarzinomen des Ösophagus (EREAC-AI) T2 - Zeitschrift für Gastroenterologie N2 - Die zuverlässige endoskopische Einschätzung der Infiltrationstiefe bei Neoplasien des Barrett-Ösophagus (BO) ist entscheidend für die Therapieentscheidung zwischen organerhaltender endoskopischer Resektion und chirurgischer Resektion. Ziel dieser Studie ist die Entwicklung eines KIVision- Modells, das endoskopisch kurativ resezierbare Läsionen (LGD; HGD; T1a m1 –T1b sm1, L0, V0 und G1-2; EREAC) von nicht kurativ endoskopisch resezierbaren Läsionen (≥ T1b sm2 und/oder L1, V1, G3; NEREAC) anhand endoskopischer Bildgebung unterscheidet. In einer Pilotstudie mit 116 Patient:innen wurde bei der Unterscheidung von T1a vs. T1b mit 230 Bildern ein F1-Score, eine Sensitivität und Spezifität von 74%, 77% und 64% erreicht. [1] Material und Methodik Es handelt sich um eine ambidirektionale multizentrische Studie mit insgesamt n=578 Patient:innen und n=651 Läsionen im Zeitraum Januar 2014 bis Juni 2025. Eingeschlossen wurden Patient:innen mit gesicherter BO-assoziierter Neoplasie anhand des histologischen Goldstandards durch a) endoskopische Submukosadissektion (ESD) oder b) chirurgische Resektion. Insgesamt wurden 526 Läsionen im Arm EREAC und 125 Läsionen der Gruppe im Arm NEREAC akquiriert. Es werden Bild- und Videodaten aus Olympus und Fuji-Endoskopen verwendet. Aus der Videodokumentation wurden Frames extrahiert und anhand eines vordefinierten Schemas annotiert (u.a. Lasionssichtbarkeit, virtuelle (NBI, TXI) und farbbasierte Chromoendoskopie, Zoommodus). Es erfolgte eine mehrstufige Annotation durch einen medizinischen Doktoranden (J.B.), mit 1:1 Supervision durch einen endoskopisch tätigen Facharzt im Bereich Gastroenterologie (D.R.), sowie durch einen Barrett-Experten (A.E). Aufgrund einer Klassenimbalance zugunsten der EREAC-Gruppe erfolgt zunachst eine Zwischenanalyse aus 185 Patient:innen mit 215 Läsionen mit a 500 Frames. Mittels ConvNeXt Tiny Architektur wurde eine 5-fache Cross-Validierung mit Split auf Patientenebene durchgeführt. Primare Leistungsmetriken sind F1-Score, Sensitivität und Spezifität. Ergebnisse Im aktuellen Test erreichte das KI-Modell für die Klassifikation (EREAC vs. NEREAC) einen mittleren F1-Score von 78.3% (resektabel: 79.8%, nicht 2 resektabel: 76.8%). Die mittlere Sensitivität und Spezifität lag bei je 78.3%. Die klassenspezifische Sensitivität und Spezifität zur Erkennung von NEREAC lag bei 72.0% und 84.6%. Zusammenfassung Ein KI-Assistenzmodell kann die endoskopische Einschatzung der Resektabilität von Barrett-Neoplasien unterstutzen, indem es die Infiltrationstiefe aus endoskopischer Bildgebung pradiziert. Klinisch besonders relevant ist die hohe Spezifität in der Erkennung nicht-resektabler Läsionen. Nächste Schritte sind das weitere Training mit höherer Datenmenge, die adressierte Aufarbeitung der Klassenimbalance, externe Validierung sowie die Echtzeit-Implementation. Y1 - 2026 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0046-1817759 VL - 64 IS - 03 SP - e69 EP - e70 PB - Thieme ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rückert, Tobias A1 - Maerkl, Raphaela A1 - Rauber, David A1 - Klausmann, Leonard A1 - Gutbrod, Max A1 - Rueckert, Daniel A1 - Feussner, Hubertus A1 - Wilhelm, Dirk A1 - Palm, Christoph T1 - Video dataset for surgical phase, keypoint, and instrument recognition in laparoscopic surgery (PhaKIR) JF - Data in Brief N2 - This data article describes the Surgical Procedure Phase, Keypoint, and Instrument Recognition (PhaKIR) dataset, a collection of eight complete laparoscopic cholecystectomy videos acquired during routine minimally invasive procedures at three German medical centers. The recordings were captured with different monocular endoscopic camera systems at 25 frames per second and a resolution of 1920 × 1080 pixels, with durations ranging from 28 to 58 minutes. Segments showing regions outside the abdominal cavity were removed for anonymization, and the corresponding cut indices are provided. The dataset offers unified annotations for three interrelated tasks on the same complete surgical sequences: surgical phase recognition, annotated for every frame at 25 fps (485,875 frames), instrument keypoint estimation (19,435 frames), and instrument instance segmentation (19,435 frames), each annotated at one frame per second (every 25th frame). Surgical phases follow the seven-phase Cholec80 scheme, extended by an undefined label for transitional frames. The instrument annotations distinguish 19 instrument classes as well as individual instances of the same class, with keypoint annotations comprising two to four class-dependent points labeled with COCO-style visibility states. Segmentation and keypoint labels were created manually using the Computer Vision Annotation Tool (CVAT), whereas phase labels were derived from documented phase-transition timestamps, and all annotations underwent a multi-stage review by a medically trained team. The data are provided in open formats (MP4, CSV, JSON, PNG) together with a frame-extraction script under the CC BY-NC-SA license and are available through controlled access upon request via the Zenodo platform. Because the dataset combines procedural context, instrument pose, and pixel-accurate instance segmentations within full-length recordings from multiple institutions, it can be reused for single-task or multi-task model development, for temporally aware approaches that exploit motion continuity, and for cross-institutional generalization protocols such as leave-one-hospital-out evaluation. The dataset served as the training resource for the PhaKIR Challenge at the Endoscopic Vision (EndoVis) Challenge at MICCAI 2024. KW - Cholecystectomy KW - Endoscopy KW - Robot-assisted interventions KW - Surgical workflow analysis KW - Instance segmentation Y1 - 2026 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2026.113147 N1 - Corresponding author der OTH Regensburg: Tobias Rueckert und Christoph Palm PB - Elsevier ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schliermann, Rainer A1 - Stoll, Oliver ED - Scheid, Volker T1 - Haben Sportangebote in der Jugendsozialarbeit pädagogisch intendierte Wirkungen? T2 - Sport und Bewegung vermitteln: Jahrestagung der dvs-Sektion Sportpädagogik vom 15. bis 17. Juni 2006 in Kassel. - Deutsche Vereinigung für Sportwissenschaft / Sektion Sportpädagogik [Veranstalter]. - (Schriften der Deutschen Vereinigung für Sportwissenschaft ; 165) Y1 - 2007 SN - 3880204845 SP - 279 EP - 281 PB - Feldhaus, Edition CZWALINA CY - Hamburg ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Stein, Margit A1 - Heese, Carl A1 - Schmidt, Hans-Ludwig ED - Stein, Margit ED - Schmidt, Hans-Lukdwig ED - Günther, Béatrice ED - Heese, Carl ED - Babi´c, Bernhard T1 - Modellversuch „Leistungsstarke Auszubildende nachhaltig fördern“ (LAnf) – Ziele und Konzeption T2 - Berufliche Begabung erkennen und fördern: Der Modellversuch "Leistungsstarke Auszubildende nachhaltig fördern (LAnf)".- (Wissenschaftliche Diskussionspapiere aus dem BIBB ; 67) Y1 - 2003 UR - https://www.bibb.de/dienst/publikationen/de/2118 SN - 3-88555-740-1 SP - 19 EP - 30 PB - Bundesinst. für Berufsbildung CY - Bonn ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Babi´c, Bernhard A1 - Stein, Margit A1 - Heese, Carl ED - Stein, Margit ED - Schmidt, Hans-Lukdwig ED - Günther, Béatrice ED - Heese, Carl ED - Babi´c, Bernhard T1 - Auf welche Schlüsselqualifikationen es ankommt: AusbilderInnen und Auszubildende bewerten T2 - Berufliche Begabung erkennen und fördern: Der Modellversuch "Leistungsstarke Auszubildende nachhaltig fördern (LAnf)".- (Wissenschaftliche Diskussionspapiere aus dem BIBB ; 67) Y1 - 2003 UR - https://www.bibb.de/dienst/publikationen/de/2118 SN - 3-88555-740-1 SP - 93 EP - 104 PB - Bundesinst. für Berufsbildung CY - Bonn ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Cenko, Egidia A1 - Weimann, Thure Georg A1 - Raptis, Georgios T1 - Navigating the DiGA jungle: A taxonomy and archetypal framework of the German digital therapeutics landscape JF - DIGITAL HEALTH N2 - Background Digital therapeutics (DTx) are patient-facing apps designed to support individuals in their daily lives. Therefore, they have the potential to revolutionize healthcare by empowering and engaging patients as active stakeholders in their own care. Despite the increasing adoption of DTx in national healthcare systems, research on their design remains limited. Objective The present research article introduces “DiGATax”, a taxonomy designed to categorize and analyze DTx, including perspectives on content, intervention delivery logic and technology, as well as the patient’s interface, consolidating and expanding upon prior taxonomic work. Methods The taxonomy was created through a multi-method approach, combining a systematic review of existing digital health taxonomies with a qualitative analysis of n = 44 evidence-based, permanently listed applications from the German DiGA directory. Additionally, a taxonomy-based cluster analysis was performed to identify archetypes in the current DTx landscape. Results The proposed taxonomy comprises 19 dimensions and 108 characteristics, enabling a systematic classification and discussion of existing applications. Cluster analysis identified three archetypes: personal goal-centered, gameful designed, and conversational-driven, with the latter dividing into two subtypes. Additional exploratory analyses examined the user interface as a potential factor associated with user acceptance and explored possible links between DTx design, health-related and engagement outcomes. Conclusions By offering new insights into DTx design, this study contributes towards more organized research and reporting, ultimately paving the way for the development of effective solutions. It also marks a further step towards Meta-DTx, which aim to align patient care for multimorbid patients under one umbrella. Y1 - 2026 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-102002 SN - 2055-2076 N1 - Preprint ebenfalls auf OPUS: https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-oth-regensburg/8834 VL - 12 PB - SAGE Publications ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Maiwald, Frederik A1 - Tumkur, Thejaswi U. A1 - Weiß, Felix A1 - Matthews, Manyalibo J. A1 - Hierl, Stefan A1 - Schmidt, Michael T1 - Tailoring porosity and surface quality in laser powder bed fusion via variable focal intensity shaping JF - Procedia CIRP N2 - Shaping the spatial intensity profile of the process laser beam is a promising approach for improving part and surface quality in laser powder bed fusion. However, practical implementation is limited by logistical or economic constraints, since the process beam shape needs to be adapted depending on the material and print process conditions, often involving specialized laser sources or complex optical setups. Here, a single refractive focal beam shaping optic is employed to realize laser beam intensity variations of Gaussian, flat-top (tophat) and annular (ring) beams by controlled defocusing. Additionally, a conduction-mode thermal model using measured beam profiles and temperature-dependent properties is implemented. The model correlates well with published single-track melt pool dimensions for Gaussian and ring beams and predicts lack-of-fusion defects. The observations indicate that tophat and shallow ring beam profiles lead to a smaller spread of part density values in SS 316L across low to moderate energy densities, compared to other beam profiles explored in the study. Topographical characterization of the top surfaces indicates that tophat beams exhibit superior surface quality (lower roughness). KW - additive manufacturing KW - laser-based powder bed fusion of metal KW - PBF-LB/M KW - stainless steel AISI 316L KW - beam shaping Y1 - 2026 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2026.07.122 SN - 2212-8271 VL - 143 SP - 578 EP - 583 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - INPR A1 - Mady, Mohamed A1 - Reschke, Johannes A1 - Schuller, Björn W. T1 - Feature-Augmented Transformers for Robust AI-Text Detection Across Domains and Generators N2 - AI-generated text is produced at scale across diverse domains and heterogeneous generators, making robustness to distribution shift a central requirement for reliable detection. We train transformer-based detectors on HC3-Plus and adopt a deployment-realistic fixed-threshold protocol: a single decision threshold is calibrated on held-out validation data and kept fixed across all downstream test distributions. This protocol reveals that near-ceiling in-domain performance (up to 99.5% balanced accuracy) degrades significantly under cross-dataset and generator shift, exposing strong complementary failure modes across backbones (human-preserving vs. AI-aggressive). Feature augmentation that fuses handcrafted linguistic signals with transformer representations via a learnable attention module substantially improves transfer: while BERT and RoBERTa show complementary weaknesses, our best configuration, DeBERTa-v3-base + FeatAttn, yields the most balanced and robust profile, reaching 85.9% balanced accuracy on the multi-domain, multi-generator M4 benchmark (81.3% human recall, 90.5% AI recall). Multi-seed experiments (5 seeds) confirm high stability with a macro-average of 83.15 ± 1.04% on M4, and under the exact same fixed-threshold protocol our model outperforms strong zero-shot baselines (Fast-DetectGPT, RADAR, Log-Rank) by up to +7.22 points. Category-level ablations further show that readability and vocabulary features contribute most to robustness under shift. Overall, these results demonstrate that feature augmentation and a modern DeBERTa backbone significantly outperform earlier BERT/RoBERTa models, while the fixed-threshold protocol, combined with generator-aware error profiling and explicit feature analysis, provides a more realistic and informative assessment of practical detector robustness. KW - Maschinelles Lernen KW - Textklassifikation KW - Künstliche Intelligenz KW - AI-generated text detection, machine-generated text detection, transformer models, DeBERTa, linguistic features, feature fusion, cross-domain generalization, distribution shift, robustness, natural language processing Y1 - 2026 UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.03969 U6 - https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2605.03969 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Neidhart, Thomas A1 - Quarg-Vonscheidt, Jürgen A1 - Trunk, Ulrich T1 - Zeitweise fließfähige selbstverdichtende Verfüllbaustoffe JF - geotechnik N2 - Zeitweise fließfähige selbstverdichtende Verfüllbaustoffe (ZFSV) bestehen aus Bodenmaterial, Bindemitteln (z. B. Zement), Wasser und Zusatzstoffen, z. B. Bentonit. Sie zeichnen sich durch Fließfähigkeit im frischen Zustand und Verfestigung nach dem Einbau aus, ohne mechanische Verdichtung zu benötigen. ZFSV sind Boden-Bindemittelgemische wie Bodenbehandlungen mit Bindemitteln, Baugrundverbesserungen im Nassmischverfahren, Betone und Mörtel, weshalb die Einordnung und Abgrenzung der Materialeigenschaften vorgenommen werden. Die Beschreibung des erhärteten Materials erfolgt mit Methoden der Bodenmechanik. Besondere Beachtung erfordern die rheologischen Eigenschaften im fließfähigen Zustand und die zeitabhängigen Veränderungen der Materialeigenschaften. ZFSV werden mit unterschiedlichen Rezepturen im Rohr- und Leitungsbau sowie für die Bettung von Fernwärme- und Stromleitungen und als Baugrundverbesserung für Flächengründungen und Stützbauwerke eingesetzt. KW - Boden-Bindemittel-Gemische KW - selbstverdichtende Verfüllbaustoffe KW - ZFSV KW - Fließfähigkeit KW - Suspensionsstabilität Y1 - 2026 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/gete.70041 SN - 2190-6653 VL - 49 IS - 3 PB - Ernst & Sohn ER - TY - INPR A1 - Abb, Valerius A1 - Samp, Artur A1 - Fürst, Jens A1 - Franke, Jörg A1 - Kammler, Martin T1 - In-situ Refractive Index Measurement of ZIF-8 Thin Films on Multimode Optical Fibers for Methane Sensing N2 - Metal–Organic Frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as promising materials for optical sensing due to their refractive index response to guest molecule uptake within their porous structure. However, in situ characterization of MOF refractive indices, particularly directly on sensor substrates, remains a significant challenge. Here, we present a novel method to quantify the refractive index of MOF thin films grown on multimode optical fibers via far-field intensity patterns (FFPs), demonstrated using ZIF-8. Refractive indices were determined under vacuum, nitrogen, and methane atmospheres by evaluating the radii of the corresponding FFPs, establishing a direct quantitative relationship between refractive index and transmitted light power. The method was validated using aqueous sodium metatungstate (SMT) solutions of known refractive index applied to a cladding-stripped reference fiber. ZIF-8 thin films grown directly on exposed multimode fiber cores enable transmission-based gas sensing. Gas adsorption in the ZIF-8 pores increases the film’s refractive index, leading to decoupling of high-order guided modes, hence reducing light transmission. Transmitted intensity was measured under vacuum, nitrogen, and methane (1 bar) to assess sensitivity and selectivity. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed a continuous ZIF-8 thin film with distinct crystallites on the fiber surface and a defect-free reference core after mechanical stripping KW - Far-Field Intensity Pattern KW - Gas Sensing Platform KW - Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) KW - Multimode Optical Fiber KW - Refractive Index Characterization KW - ZIF-8 Y1 - 2026 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.6985140 N1 - Corresponding author der OTH Regensburg: Abb, Valerius PB - SSRN ER - TY - THES A1 - Hartmannsgruber, Andreas T1 - Motion Planning for Driverless Shuttles, Passenger Cars, and Trucks N2 - Autonomous Driving (AD) has advanced significantly in recent years, yet widespread deployment remains limited. One of the most enduring challenges in Autonomous Vehicle (AV) development is planning a safe, comfortable, and efficient motion in complex, real-world environments. This thesis addresses motion planning across three distinct domains: urban shuttles, passenger vehicles, and truck-trailer systems. It contributes practical insights and novel approaches toward scalable autonomous mobility. The first part of this work presents an integrated motion planning framework for the Continental Urban Mobility Experience (CUbE) driverless shuttle. Extensive real-world testing over several years highlights the system’s robustness and underscores the importance of long-term validation in urban settings. Key innovations include a multi-layered planning stack and a data-driven motion forecasting approach that enhances interaction with human traffic participants. The second part investigates the behavior of human drivers in understructured traffic environments. Those are areas that fall between well-defined road systems and fully unstructured spaces. A novel analysis framework is introduced for mining patterns from naturalistic trajectory datasets, enabling AVs to better blend into human traffic and navigate ambiguous scenarios with improved predictability and safety. The final part of the thesis explores Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) for planning and controlling complex truck-trailer maneuvers. A DRL-based approach is developed and evaluated in simulated environments, demonstrating the method’s potential to handle the nonlinear dynamics of articulated vehicles. These contributions advance the field of motion planning by combining theoretical insights, system-level integration, and empirical evaluation. They offer pathways for improving AV behavior across diverse platforms and use cases, ultimately supporting the broader adoption of AD technologies. Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:188-refubium-50516-3 PB - Freie Universität Berlin ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Engling, Oliver A1 - Schwägerl, Felix A1 - Buchmann, Thomas T1 - Models, Prompts, and Code! A Semi-Formal State Machine Language for Multi-Paradigmatic Software Development T2 - Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Software Technologies (ICSOFT - Volume 1), July 16-18, Porto, Portugal N2 - Model-Driven Software Engineering has long excelled at generating code from static structural models, yet the specification and generation of dynamic behavioral models remains a persistent challenge. Meanwhile, Large Language Models (LLMs) offer flexible, natural-language based code generation but suffer from non-determinism and hallucinations. This paper presents a semi-formal approach that bridges these two paradigms for behavioral modeling via UML state machines. We contribute a textual modeling language that captures the essential elements of UML state diagrams-states, transitions, events, guards, and entry/exit actions-alongside a deterministic code generator that transforms state machine models into Java code following the Gang of Four State design pattern. The language supports two complementary action annotation styles: direct code fragments for concise, self-contained actions, and natural language descriptions for semantically richer behavior to be completed by an LLM weaver . LLM involvement is deliberately scoped to small, well-constrained action bodies, reducing token consumption and non-determinism compared to fully LLM-based approaches. Validated through the Gumball Machine case study, correctness is confirmed by automated tests covering state and transition coverage criteria, and repeating the LLM weaving step produced consistent results across all runs. Compared to both classical UML tooling and fully LLM-based generation, the approach offers stronger determinism, better traceability, lower cognitive modeling effort, and reduced computational cost, while retaining the flexibility to express complex action behavior in natural language where formal specification would be unnecessarily burdensome. Y1 - 2026 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5220/0015128800004088 SP - 203 EP - 210 PB - SCITEPRESS ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Gebhart, Raphael A1 - Weber, Luis A1 - van der Linden, Franciscus L. J. T1 - Water-Evaporation Supported Fuel-Cell Cooling Architectures for Aircraft T2 - Engineering Proceedings ; The 15th EASN International Conference on Innovation in Aviation & Space Towards Sustainability Today & Tomorrow N2 - The thermal management-induced drag of conventional ram-air cooling systems for low-temperature fuel-cell propulsion can account for roughly 20% to 25% of total drag in fuel-cell aircraft concepts, while its mass and power impact at the overall aircraft level are far less significant. This drag penalty can severely reduce efficiency, especially when additional parallel power sources for takeoff such as gas turbine engines are undesirable. To address this, we propose augmenting low- and medium-temperature fuel-cell cooling with an auxiliary water-evaporation system. This mechanism is used only when needed, primarily during takeoff in hot ambient conditions, while the ram-air system can be downsized to meet cruise requirements. Water evaporation can achieve coefficients of performance of 50 to 100, while reducing the required mass flow by two orders of magnitude. It provides a heat-rejection energy density of approximately 670 Wh/kg, far exceeding that of state-of-the-art high-power-density batteries. Furthermore, the resulting vapor can be vented overboard, and the system is expected to outperform batteries in reliability, durability, and environmental impact. The paper introduces several architectures for integrating water-evaporation cooling into aircraft systems and discusses their respective advantages, limitations, and implications for overall aircraft performance. Initial results indicate that enabling evaporative cooling can significantly reduce the required ram-air channel size and drag, offering a promising pathway to more efficient fuel-cell-powered aircraft. In the EU project TheMa4HERA, aircraft-level design trades and scaled experimental validation for aviation applications of water evaporation are planned in 2026. KW - boost system KW - cooling architectures KW - evaporative cooling KW - fuel-cell aircraft KW - ram-air cooling KW - thermal management Y1 - 2026 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2026133145 VL - 133 PB - MDPI CY - Basel Switzerland ER - TY - INPR A1 - Wang, Xie A1 - Castañeda-Losada, Leonardo A1 - Agarwala, Hemlata A1 - Xie, Yan A1 - Honacker, Jonas A1 - Wenig, Theresa A1 - Iggan, Stacy Reginald A1 - Lederer, Veronika A1 - Judaeva, Michelle A1 - Roth, Steffen A1 - Richter, Michael A1 - Pereira, Inês A. Cardoso A1 - Manuel, Rita R. A1 - Filmon, Dawit T. A1 - Fluhrer, Benjamin A1 - Mehta, Geet A1 - González-Pérez, David A1 - Alcalde, Miguel A1 - Oughli, Alaa Alsheikh A1 - Vöpel, Tobias A1 - Hardt, Steffen A1 - Plumeré, Nicolas T1 - Transferable Enzyme-Polymer Stickers for Modular Assembly of Single and Multi-analyte Biosensors N2 - Electrochemical biosensors have achieved widespread commercial success due to their high selectivity, ease of use, and low cost. However, the fabrication of many such systems, especially when targeting multianalyte sensing, is often constrained by the preparation of the sensing 5 film, which typically relies on drop-casting polymer–enzyme solutions followed by drying to form the active layer. Depending on the 6 enzyme-polymer formulation, this step can be difficult to integrate into large-scale, roll-to-roll production processes and lacks flexibility for constructing multianalyte sensors. Here, we introduce a new assembly strategy in which sensing films composed of redox-active polymers and enzymes are pre-fabricated as sensor stickers that can be transferred in a single step either onto individual electrodes to generate single-analyte sensors or combined on electrode arrays for multianalyte sensing. We demonstrate the sensor sticker conc ept using four oxidoreductases as biorecognition elements targeting four analytes: hydrogen, formate, nitrate, and NADPH. Accurate sensing was achieved both on conventional glassy carbon electrodes and on custom-designed microelectrode arrays modified with the sensor stickers. The resulting sensors displayed high selectivity with minimal cross-interference, even in complex mixtures containing all four analytes. This modular approach to assembling multianalyte sensors on microarrays is broadly applicable to other analytes and holds strong promise for flexible, customizable, and scalable fabrication of multianalyte biosensors. KW - Enzyme-Polymer stickers KW - Formate biosensor KW - Hydrogen biosenso KW - Crossbar electrode microarra KW - Electrochemistry KW - Multianalyte biosensors KW - NADPH biosensor KW - Nitrate biosensor KW - Single analyte biosensors Y1 - 2026 U6 - https://doi.org/10.26434/chemrxiv.15000966/v5 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Seibt, Markus T1 - Lebensbewältigung : was Kinder und Jugendliche wirklich brauchen: Praktischer Ratgeber für Eltern, Familien und Fachkräfte - Sofort umsetzbare Strategien für den täglichen Gebrauch Y1 - 2025 SN - 9783695159055 PB - BoD Books on Demand ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Seibt, Markus T1 - Das Leben leben – trotz Corona Y1 - 2020 SN - 9783752631500 PB - BoD - Books on Demand ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Seibt, Markus T1 - Professionsethische Grundlagen und Reflexionen im Kontext der Sozial- und Gesundheitswissenschaften: Anthropologie - Angewandte Ethik - Philosophie N2 - Dieses Lehrbuch vermittelt Studierenden der Sozial- und Gesundheitswissenschaften fundierte ethische Kompetenzen für ihre spätere Berufspraxis in den vielfältigen Handlungsfeldern. Der Autor macht deutlich, dass Soziale Arbeit und Gesundheitsberufe im Kern ethische Professionen sind und der Weg zur Profession nur über eine Berufsethik führt. Anhand konkreter Fallbeispiele und Dilemmata aus dem Berufsalltag (Angewandte Ethik) werden zentrale Fragen der Professionsethik praxisnah erörtert. Studierende erhalten zunächst einen Überblick über wichtige philosophische, anthropologische und ethische Ansätze und Prinzipien. Weitere Kapitel widmen sich aktuellen Herausforderungen wie Friedensethik, Klimaprotestaktionen, Künstlicher Intelligenz, Interkulturalität und Interreligiosität, Rollenkonflikten und Ökonomisierung. Mit Hilfe einer vom Autor entwickelten speziellen Diskursmatrix werden die ethischen Dimensionen der Themen aus verschiedenen Perspektiven beleuchtet. Diesen pädagogisch-didaktischen Ansatz hat der Autor auf der Grundlage seiner langjährigen Expertise als Lehrender mit Lernenden an Hochschulen (weiter-)entwickelt. Urteilsfähigkeit und begründete Entscheidungsfindung werden ebenfalls trainiert. Insgesamt vermittelt das Buch die professionsethischen und reflexiven Kompetenzen, die für verantwortliches, wertebasiertes Handeln in Sozialer Arbeit und in Gesundheitsberufen unerlässlich sind. Ein Muss für angehende Profis! Y1 - 2023 SN - 9783756854745 PB - BoD Books on Demand CY - Norderstedt ER - TY - GEN ED - Töpken, Stephan ED - Claaßen, Eike ED - van de Par, Steven ED - Rabl, Hans-Peter ED - Bugl, Benedikt ED - Rieger, Anna T1 - Tonality Ratings and Unpleasantness Judgements for Synthesized EV Acceleration Sounds Including Gear Orders T2 - DAGA 2026, 23. - 26. März 2026, Dresden N2 - Tonal sounds are often a part of the interior sound in electric vehicles (EV), and their presence can influence the judged sound quality. When generated by the drivetrain, they are especially audible in dynamic driving conditions like acceleration at low speeds. In this study, tonality and unpleasantness was rated in separate experiments for several compositions of tonal components. Synthetic sounds were derived from real EV interior recordings and simulated an acceleration from 250 to 2500 RPM within a duration of 8 seconds. All stimuli contained broadband background noise which increased linearly in sound pressure over time and had a spectral decay of -12 dB/octave. The embedded tonal signatures were either single or multiple orders with different levels of tone-to-noise ratio, either with or without an additional gear order. When present, the additional gear order created either a consonant or dissonant frequency interval with the baseline motor order. The results indicate a main effect of the tone level for the tonality and unpleasantness ratings. Furthermore, the tonality grows with the number of tonal components whereas the unpleasantness seems to be mostly determined by the frequency of the highest tone and the gear ratio only at high tone levels. Y1 - 2026 U6 - https://doi.org/10.71568/daga2026.218 PB - DEGA e.V ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ali, Aliyu Tanko A1 - Schuldei, Andreas A1 - Sachenbacher, Martin A1 - Leucker, Martin T1 - An Extended Simulation-Based Analysis of Car-Sharing Electrification in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany JF - Automation N2 - We present a study to assess the feasibility and implications of replacing internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs) with battery-powered electric vehicles (EVs) in a car-sharing fleet. For the analysis, we used operational data from a local car-sharing company, which encompasses various aspects such as trip distance, start and duration, vehicle type, and pickup and return locations. To evaluate the impact of transitioning the entire fleet to EVs, we used EV and charger models to simulate the battery-powered trips and the necessary post-trip recharging. Both could affect the service quality of car-sharing services, as the requested trip distance might not be covered by an electric vehicle due to range or charging time limitations. Specifically, in our simulation-based analysis, we identified chains of consecutive bookings as a critical factor for car-sharing electrification. Furthermore, to assess the potential impact of electrification on the energy grid, we used data about the local grid load and its composition to relate it to the predicted vehicle charging times. This is an extended version of our previous paper, incorporating an additional dataset. KW - car-sharing KW - electric fleet KW - Electric vehicles KW - electrification KW - MOBILITY KW - Simulation Y1 - 2026 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/automation7020056 SN - 2673-4052 VL - 7 PB - MDPI ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kleinitz, Cornelia A1 - Apoh, Wazi A1 - Fiador, Ernest K. A1 - Hartl-Reiter, Christian A1 - Kleefeld, Birgit A1 - Kurapkat, Dietmar A1 - Linstädter, Jörg A1 - Loges, Kathrin A1 - Verstegen, Ute A1 - Zeitler, Annika T1 - Kpando, Ghana. Investigating Townscapes and Soundscapes of the German Colonial Period: Building Archaeology, (Oral) Histories and Sound Studies in the Volta Region. Research in 2024 JF - e-Forschungsberichte des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts N2 - The »Volta-German Shared Colonial Heritage Project« focuses on the archaeology and ›shared heritage‹ of German colonialism in the former Togo/Togoland colony. Following up on initial (field) research in 2022 and 2023, the Ghanaian and German project partners successfully ran an extended field season at Kpando in early 2024. Four lines of investigation were developed. The first involved detailed building archaeological studies of the Palace of the Paramount Chief as well as the so-called Sisters Convent in preparation for rehabilitation planning. The second study expanded research into the urban fabric of Kpando. Historic buildings were described and mapped with the aim of gaining a better understanding of the evolution of the town during the German colonial period. Intercultural building practices were of particular interest. A third line of research supplemented the above studies with investigations of historical sources as well as the documentation of local knowledge of the history of Kpando in the form of personal and family histories. As family histories are manifested in the built fabric of the town, this study adds an important local perspective to our investigations of building cultures during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The fourth study initiated systematic research on colonial-period soundscapes in the Volta Region and beyond. Numerous church bells were documented, adding a new facet to the study of the ›shared heritage‹ of German colonialism in Africa. KW - Modern-world archaeology KW - African archaeology KW - Afrikanische Archäologie KW - archaeology KW - architecture KW - Architektur KW - Bauforschung KW - Baumaterialien KW - Bautechniken KW - building KW - building materials KW - building techniques KW - Christian archaeolog KW - Christliche Archäologie KW - Colonialism KW - Kolonialismus KW - Modern Age KW - Neuzeit KW - Neuzeitarchäologie Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.34780/4kwg8k09 IS - 2 SP - 38 EP - 58 PB - Deutsches Archäologisches Institut ER - TY - GEN A1 - Spirkl, Florian T1 - Zum statischen und zyklischen Verhalten von Boden-Bindemittel-Gemischen T2 - Forschungskolloquium PZIB, 3, 2026, Eichstätt Y1 - 2026 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-101858 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pfahler, Katharina A1 - Neidhart, Thomas A1 - Thiel, Charlotte T1 - Optimierung der Materialzusammensetzung und Fertigung tragender Lehmbauteile - Teil 2 N2 - Stampflehm stellt eine nachhaltige Alternative zu konventionellen Baustoffen dar. Um die Bemessung und Ansätze zur FE-Modellierung zu verbessern, sind geotechnische Betrachtungen des Baustoffs notwendig. Stampflehm besteht aus natürlich vorkommenden Böden, daher wird sein Verhalten maßgeblich durch bodenmechanische Prozesse beschrieben. Mithilfe von ersten Triaxialversuchen wird das mechanische Verhalten unter unterschiedlichen Spannungszuständen verdeutlicht. KW - Stampflehm KW - rammed earth KW - Triaxialversuche KW - Stampflehm KW - rammed earth KW - Triaxialversuche Y1 - 2026 N1 - Teil I: https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-oth-regensburg/8470 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fischer, Johannes A1 - Hirsch, Thomas A1 - Reitmeier, Torsten A1 - Bierl, Rudolf T1 - Real-time hardware-based processing of high-precision detector signals for surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy JF - Sensors and Actuators A: Physical N2 - Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is fundamentally constrained by small-signal detectability and drift when subtraction is performed in software after digitization. We introduce an SPR detector that executes on-detector amplification and analog differential readout, reducing mechanical components and the reliance on software-based correction. This hardware-native subtraction expands the usable ADC dynamic range and suppresses illumination fluctuations and common-mode disturbances under laboratory conditions. In fixed-angle refractive-index steps (NaCl), the platform resolves , compared to 7,2 10−6RIU for a commercial comparator, and improves small-signal SNR by up to 1100-fold while remaining competitive at higher signal levels. In a model IgG–BSA assay, the low noise floor clarifies early binding and equilibrium transitions. By generating intrinsically clean raw signals under controlled laboratory conditions, the hardware-native approach enhances sensitivity and short-term stability for label-free biosensing and reduces the dependence on extensive post-processing. The detector-level differential readout architecture generalizes across platforms and enables compact, robust, high-fidelity SPR in complex environments, with a clear path toward multi-wavelength and arrayed detectors for high-throughput chemical monitoring. Y1 - 2026 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sna.2026.117765 SN - 0924-4247 N1 - Corresponding author der OTH Regensburg: Johannes Fischer Preprint: https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-oth-regensburg/8800 VL - 404 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - GEN A1 - Spirkl, Florian T1 - Untersuchungen und Analyse des Verhaltens von Böden und Boden-Bindemittel-Gemischen unter zyklischer Belastung T2 - GEO5+, 2026, Regensburg N2 - Boden-Bindemittel-Gemische (BBG) sind ein Stoff, der durch das Mischen von Boden mit Bindemittel entsteht. Unter diesem Begriff können eine Vielzahl an genormten Baustoffen zusammengefasst werden. Eine Sonderform der BBG stellt zum Beispiel auch der Beton dar. Für BBG existieren zahlreiche Untersuchungen zum statischen Verhalten, wobei diese nicht bei einheitlichen Prüfbedingungen durchgeführt wurden. Sowohl das zyklische Verhalten von Böden als auch Betone wurden schon zahlreich untersucht. Der Beitrag befasst sich mit dem zyklischen Verhalten von BBG. Dabei wurden sowohl zyklische Versuche mit Versagen der BBG durchgeführt als auch zyklische Versuche ohne Versagen. Für Versuche, die zum Versagen des BBG führen, scheint sich ein Verhalten ähnlich des Betons einzustellen. Werden BBG zyklisch mit einem niedrigen Spannungsniveau weit unter der einaxialen Druckfestigkeit belastet, kommt es zu einer Steigerung der Festigkeit. Dieser Effekt scheint dabei vom Beginn der zyklischen Belastung und der Anzahl der Lastzyklen abzuhängen. Y1 - 2026 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hauer, Franziska A1 - Schultz, Maximilian A1 - Weber, Karsten A1 - Haug, Sonja T1 - Sustainable implementation of AI in NGOs T2 - International Conference of the International Society for Third Sector Research (ISTR). 17. Konferenz, 2026 Lissabon, Portugal N2 - Artificial intelligence (AI) is currently transforming almost all areas of society, from business and politics to education and the media. Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and non-profits are also affected by this social transformation. As key players in the public interest, they make a significant contribution to civil society participation and social sustainability (1, 2), but these groups have hardly been researched scientifically to date. The use of AI in public welfare organizations presents a twofold challenge: on the one hand, it opens up potential for reducing workloads through more efficient work processes and savings in resources (such as working time and donations); on the other hand, it requires new structural, cultural, and ethical conditions. This article examines the needs of NGOs, the level of acceptance for the use of AI, and the reasons against its use. In addition, implementation options such as resources, strategies, and framework conditions were examined. The study is based on a mixed-methods approach. The data comes from the research project Artificial Intelligence in Non-Governmental Organizations (KINiro), which was conducted in Germany between 2023 and 2025. In addition to five exploratory, guided, qualitative interviews, a quantitative online survey (n=343) and a further 10 in-depth interviews with experts from NGOs in various fields of activity were conducted. Framework conditions and approaches to the use of AI in public welfare organizations were examined. The results show that NGOs in Germany are in the early stages of engaging with AI. While the majority of the organizations surveyed are generally positive about AI, there are also significant gaps in terms of knowledge, resources, and strategic anchoring. AI has so far been tested mainly in the form of low-threshold applications, such as text assistance or translation tools, with initiatives often originating from individual tech-savvy employees. Overall, the studies make it clear that the implementation of AI in NGOs is not primarily a technological transformation, but rather an organizational and cultural one. Participatory strategies, transparent decision-making processes, and consideration of ethical issues such as data protection and bias are crucial for the responsible, public-interest-oriented use of AI. The research results provide guidance on the implementation of the European AI strategy (3, 4), which aims to bring the benefits of AI to various sectors such as healthcare, education, industry, and environmental sustainability. By researching the needs and actual implementation possibilities of AI in NGOs, it is possible to derive policy recommendations. There is also the potential to make the full-time and volunteer work of non-profit organizations more resource-efficient and sustainable. KW - NGO KW - Künstliche Intelligenz Y1 - 2026 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-101772 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Leusink, Florian A1 - Neidhart, Thomas A1 - Spirkl, Florian T1 - Bender-Extender-Elemente in der Geotechnik BT - Einsatzmöglichkeiten, Herausforderungen und Limitierungen T2 - 3. Forschungskolloquium des PZIB, 2026, Eichstätt N2 - Böden weisen ein stark nichtlineares Spannungs-Dehnungs-Verhalten auf. Bei sehr kleinen Dehnungen ist die Steifigkeit maximal. Die Kenntnis dieser sogenannten Small-Strain-Stiffness ist für genaue Verformungsberechnungen, insbesondere unter zyklischer Belastung, von hoher Relevanz. Die Small-Strain-Moduln Gd0 und Ed0 sind über die Dichte mit der Scher- bzw. Kompressionswellengeschwindigkeit (cs, cp) verknüpft und lassen sich daher über dynamische Messmethoden bestimmen. Bender-Extender-Elemente (BEE) sind piezoelektrische Bimorphe, die in Triaxialversuche integriert, Scher- und Druckwellen in Bodenproben erzeugen und aufzeichnen und so eine Laufzeitbestimmung ermöglichen. Die größte Unsicherheit bei BEE-Versuchen liegt in der reproduzierbaren Laufzeitermittlung. Daneben wirken weitere Einflussfaktoren auf das Versuchsergebnis, etwa Nahfeldeffekte, die Kopplung zwischen Element und Probe, Signalrauschen sowie die Wahl der Filterung des Signals. Der Vortrag benennt und ordnet diese Einflussfaktoren ein und leitet daraus die Frage ab, wie sich ein Rahmen schaffen lässt, indem BEE-Versuche reproduzierbare Ergebnisse liefern und welche Schritte hierfür notwendig sind. KW - Bodenmechanik KW - Dynamik KW - Durchschallungsmessungen KW - Wellengeschwindigkeiten Y1 - 2026 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rolfes, Vasilija A1 - Bittner, Uta A1 - Gerhards, Helene A1 - Krüssel, Jan-Steffen A1 - Fehm, Tanja A1 - Ranisch, Robert A1 - Fangerau, Heiner T1 - Artificial Intelligence in Reproductive Medicine - An Ethical Perspective JF - Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde N2 - Artificial intelligence is steadily being integrated into all areas of medicine. In reproductive medicine, artificial intelligence methods can be utilized to improve the selection and prediction of sperm cells, oocytes, and embryos and to generate better predictive models for in vitro fertilization. The use of artificial intelligence in this field is justified by the suffering of persons or couples who wish to have children but are unable to conceive. However, research into the use of artificial intelligence in reproductive medicine is still in the early experimental stage and furthermore raises complex normative questions. There are ethical research challenges because evidence of the efficacy of certain pertinent systems is often lacking and because of the increased difficulty of ensuring informed consent on the part of the affected persons. Other ethically relevant issues include the potential risks for offspring and the difficulty of providing sufficient information. The opportunity to fulfill the desire to have children affects the welfare of patients and their reproductive autonomy. Ultimately, ensuring more accurate predictions and allowing physicians to devote more time to their patients will have a positive effect. Nevertheless, clinicians must be able to process patient data conscientiously. When using artificial intelligence, numerous actors are involved in making the diagnosis and deciding on the appropriate therapy, raising questions about who is ultimately responsible when mistakes occur. Questions of fairness arise with regard to resource allocation and cost reimbursement. Thus, before implementing artificial intelligence in clinical practice, it is necessary to critically examine the quantity and quality of the data used and to address issues of transparency. In the medium and long term, it would be necessary to confront the undesirable impact and social dynamics that may accompany the use of artificial intelligence in reproductive medicine. T2 - Künstliche Intelligenz in der Reproduktionsmedizin – eine ethische Betrachtung KW - Artificial intelligence KW - Forschungsethik KW - Infertilität KW - infertility KW - künstliche Intelligenz KW - medical ethic KW - Medizinethik KW - reproductive medicine KW - Reproduktionsmedizin, KW - research ethics Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1866-2792 SN - 0016-5751 SN - 1438-8804 VL - 83 SP - 106 EP - 115 PB - Thieme ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stern, Maike Lorena A1 - Schellenberger, Martin T1 - Fully convolutional networks for chip-wise defect detection employing photoluminescence images JF - Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing N2 - Efficient quality control is inevitable in the manufacturing of light-emitting diodes (LEDs). Because defective LED chips may be traced back to different causes, a time and cost-intensive electrical and optical contact measurement is employed. Fast photoluminescence measurements, on the other hand, are commonly used to detect wafer separation damages but also hold the potential to enable an efficient detection of all kinds of defective LED chips. On a photoluminescence image, every pixel corresponds to an LED chip’s brightness after photoexcitation, revealing performance information. But due to unevenly distributed brightness values and varying defect patterns, photoluminescence images are not yet employed for a comprehensive defect detection. In this work, we show that fully convolutional networks can be used for chip-wise defect detection, trained on a small data-set of photoluminescence images. Pixel-wise labels allow us to classify each and every chip as defective or not. Being measurement-based, labels are easy to procure and our experiments show that existing discrepancies between training images and labels do not hinder network training. Using weighted loss calculation, we were able to equalize our highly unbalanced class categories. Due to the consistent use of skip connections and residual shortcuts, our network is able to predict a variety of structures, from extensive defect clusters up to single defective LED chips. KW - Chip-wise prediction KW - Deep learning KW - Defect cluster detection KW - Fully convolutional networks KW - Industrial application KW - LED manufacturing KW - Photoluminescence images KW - Quality Control Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10845-020-01563-4 SN - 1572-8145 SN - 0956-5515 VL - 32 SP - 113 EP - 126 PB - Springer ER - TY - GEN A1 - Höng, Simon Konrad T1 - Entwicklung adaptiver Methoden zur anwendungsorientierten Implementierung von Künstlicher Intelligenz im Bauwesen BT - 2. Vortrag PZIB Kolloquium - Zwischenergebnisse Promotionsprojekt T2 - Forschungskolloquium PZIB, 2.,2026, Eichstätt N2 - Der Vortrag stellt Zwischenergebnisse eines laufenden Promotionsvorhabens zur praxisnahen Integration von Künstlicher Intelligenz in digitale Prozessketten des Bauwesens vor. Im Mittelpunkt steht die Frage, wie KI- und Machine-Learning-Verfahren in bestehende Planungs-, Analyse- und Ausführungsprozesse eingebunden werden können, auch wenn Daten nur begrenzt verfügbar, uneinheitlich strukturiert oder nicht unmittelbar maschinenlesbar vorliegen. Ein Schwerpunkt liegt auf adaptiven Workflows, die parametrische Modellierung, BIM-basierte Informationen, synthetische Trainingsdaten und KI-gestützte Analyseverfahren miteinander verbinden. Dadurch sollen Datenlücken reduziert und KI-Anwendungen auch in bislang wenig digitalisierten Bereichen des Bauwesens und Handwerks nutzbar gemacht werden. Ergänzend wird betrachtet, wie Large Language Models, KI-Agenten und menschliches Feedback dazu beitragen können, den Zugang zu digitalen Werkzeugen zu erleichtern und KI-gestützte Prozesse fortlaufend zu verbessern. Als Anwendungsbeispiel wird ein prototypischer Workflow aus dem Bereich des Natursteinpflasterns vorgestellt. Dieser kombiniert parametrische Modellierung, Computer Vision und Mixed Reality, um eine assistive Qualitätskontrolle in Echtzeit zu ermöglichen. Der Anwendungsfall zeigt exemplarisch, wie KI-basierte Methoden handwerkliche Arbeitsprozesse unterstützen, Qualitätssicherung erleichtern und zugleich neue Ansätze für Ausbildung, Wissenstransfer und digitale Kompetenzentwicklung eröffnen können. Der Vortrag ordnet diese Erkenntnisse in das übergeordnete Promotionsvorhaben ein und zeigt, wie adaptive, datengetriebene und anwenderorientierte KI-Systeme dazu beitragen können, die Lücke zwischen aktuellen KI-Technologien und etablierten Arbeitspraktiken in der Baubranche schrittweise zu verringern. KW - KI KW - Bauwesen KW - Digitalsierung Y1 - 2026 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Heckner, Markus A1 - Plach, Ulrike T1 - Future Skills – eine explorative Studie aus Sicht von Studierenden T2 - Räume der Hochschullehre : Bildungsorte für die Zukunft N2 - Die Digitale Transformation verändert zukünftige Berufsfelder und stellt somit neue Anforderungen an Studierende. Daher integriert die Regensburg School of Digital Sciences (RSDS) sogenannte »Future Skills« in alle Studiengänge der OTH Regensburg. Bisherige Studien zu Future Skills konzentrieren sich meist auf die Perspektive von Arbeitgebern oder Lehrenden.Durch offeneDiskussionsrunden und eineOnline-Umfragemit185 Teilnehmernwurden die Future-Skills-Qualifizierungsbedarfe der Studierenden identifiziert.GefragteThemensind »Digitalisierung derArbeitswelt«und »MachineLearning/KI« sowieinterdisziplinäre und projektbasierte Lernräume. Basierend auf diesen Ergebnissen entwickelt die RSDS neue Kurse, um dieerhobenen Themen in der Lehrezu berücksichtigen. Y1 - 2026 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-101908 SN - 9783837664362 SN - 2943-4882 SP - 167 EP - 177 PB - transcript CY - Bielefeld ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Mehringer, Anna-Maria A1 - Wiederer, Jonas A1 - Görgner, Maik A1 - Hönig, Simon ED - Özcan, Baris ED - Vassilev, Hristo ED - Göbels, Anne ED - Schulz, Oliver ED - Huang, Qirui T1 - Parametrische Simulation von Linienbaustellen für KI-gestützte Ressourcenplanung T2 - Tagungsband des 36. Forum Bauinformatik : 24.-26. September 2025 = Proceedings of the 36th Forum Bauinformatik 2025 N2 - Diese Arbeit präsentiert ein Konzept zur automatisierten Generierung und Bewertung von Entwurfsvarianten für Linienbaustellen. Basierend auf definierten Rahmenbedingungen und Zielvorgaben werden mittels eines Algorithmus konsistente Simulationsparameter abgeleitet und in ein parametrisches Simulationsmodell überführt. Die Simulation bildet den Bauablauf einer Erdbau-Linienbaustelle ab und ermittelt zentrale Kennwerte wie Bauzeit, Standzeiten, transportierte Materialvolumina und Fahrstrecken. Durch systematische Variation der Einflussgrößen, insbesondere der Fahrzeugflotte, entstehen umfangreiche Datensätze, die sowohl für das Training einer Künstlichen Intelligenz (KI) als auch für die iterative Optimierung verschiedener Bauvarianten eingesetzt werden. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die entwickelte Simulation eine wirksame Optimierung der Transportlogistik ermöglicht. Dabei wird deutlich, dass verschiedene Parameterkonfigurationen zu ähnlichen Ergebnissen führen können und die Gewichtung der Optimierungsziele entscheidend ist. Die Validierung mittels evolutionärem Algorithmus bestätigt die Funktionsfähigkeit des Systems und zeigt, dass eine ausschließlich bauzeitbasierte Bewertung eindimensional ist. Die simulierten Varianten sollen hinsichtlich technischer, wirtschaftlicher und ökologischer Kriterien bewertet werden. Die konkrete Umsetzung erfolgt in Tecnomatix Plant Simulation und bildet die Grundlage für ein automatisiertes Generative-Design-System zur Optimierung von Linienbaustellen. KW - AI Optimization KW - Construction Simulation KW - Generative Design KW - Linear Construction Y1 - 2025 UR - https://publications.rwth-aachen.de/record/1021201/files/1021201.pdf U6 - https://doi.org/10.18154/RWTH-CONV-254890 SP - 203 EP - 210 PB - RWTH Aachen CY - Aachen ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hartmannsgruber, Andreas A1 - Pinke, Christopher A1 - Jing, Chen A1 - Pangottil, Shanoop A1 - Grewe, Ralph A1 - Strauss, Matthias A1 - Mottok, Jürgen A1 - Rojas, Raúl ED - Heintzel, Alexander T1 - Improving 3D Object Detection for Autonomous Driving – A Case Study of Data-Driven Development T2 - Automatisiertes Fahren 2024: Engineering Level X N2 - Autonomous Driving (AD) solutions are poised to revolutionize mobility, driving significant R&D efforts. However, scaling this technology presents major challenges, necessitating a re-evaluation of automotive R&D processes. Agile and DevOps methodologies are crucial for faster innovation cycles and meeting the demand for software-defined features. Artificial Intelligence (AI), particularly Machine Learning (ML), is integral to advancing AD systems, requiring a shift towards "data-driven development." While AI models offer robustness, their statistical behavior poses risks, which are addressed by current standards like ISO 21448 “Safety of the intended functionality (SOTIF)” and ISO 8800 “Road Vehicles – Safety and artificial intelligence”, currently under development. Real-life AD applications demand adaptation to new data, requiring advanced techniques like Active Learning and Continuous Learning. AD systems, as software-defined products, require constant updates and integration of AI components, following automotive industry standards. Drawing from MLOps/AIOps practices, our study applies data-driven development to a camera-based 3D Object Detection case study, iteratively improving the detector through a combination of Active Learning and Semi-Supervised Learning, demonstrating the transformative potential of a well-implemented “Data Loop” in the automotive industry. KW - Active Learning KW - Data Loop KW - DataOps KW - MLOps KW - Offline Perception Y1 - 2024 SN - 978-3-658-45195-0 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-45196-7_7 SP - 73 EP - 87 PB - Springer CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - THES A1 - Müller, Max T1 - Photoacoustic Spectroscopy for C1-C2 Hydrocarbon Monitoring in Ambient Air N2 - Die vorliegende Dissertation erörtert das Potenzial der photoakustischen Spektroskopie (PAS) für die Detektion von Methan und Ethan in der Umgebungsluft. Der theoretische Teil widmet sich zunächst ausführlich den Grundlagen der Absorptionsspektroskopie und insbesondere der PAS. Zusätzlich werden für diese Arbeit relevante Messmethoden wie die Absorptionsspektroskopie nach Lambert-Beer, Cavity ring-down Spektroskopie (CRDS) und Wellenlängen-modulierte Spektroskopie (WMS) vorgestellt und ihre jeweiligen Vor- und Nachteile erörtert. Im Theoriekapitel wird zusätzlich die photoakustische Signalgenerierung, einschließlich der Signalverstärkung durch akustische Resonanzverstärkung, detailliert hergeleitet. Besonderes Augenmerk liegt auf der Diskussion des Einflusses der nicht-strahlenden Relaxation auf das photoakustische Signal, wobei die zwei dominanten Formen der stoßbasierten Energieübergänge, Schwingungs-Translation (VT) Relaxation und Schwingungs-Schwingungs (VV) Relaxation, intensiv betrachtet und diskutiert werden. Eine Literaturzusammenfassung rundet den theoretischen Teil ab, wobei der Fokus auf dem Einfluss der Relaxation auf das photoakustische Signal für verschiedene Analyten liegt. Neben der Charakterisierung der Laserquellen hinsichtlich der Emissionswellenzahl wird ein in die photoakustische Messzelle integriertes System (Acoustic Resonance Monitoring System - ARMS) präsentiert, welches eine schnelle Quantifizierung akustischer Parameter, wie Resonanzfrequenz und Q-Faktor ermöglicht. Im Ergebnisteil wird der photoakustische Methansensor auf Quereinflüsse gegenüber Sauerstoff, Luftfeuchte, Kohlenstoffdioxid sowie Messzellentemperatur und -druck hin evaluiert. Dabei wurden akustische und relaxationsbedingte Effekte als dominierende Einflussgrößen identifiziert. Die Abhängigkeit der photoakustischen Amplitude und Phase von der Effizienz der nicht-strahlenden Relaxation lässt sich mithilfe des entwickelten Algorithmus CoNRad berechnen und kompensieren, wodurch die Zuverlässigkeit der Sensoren gesteigert wird. Das Konzept des digitalen Zwillings kombiniert theoretische Berechnungen, ARMS-Messungen und die emittierte optische Laserleistung, um ein vollst¨andig theoretisch zu erwartendes photoakustisches Signal zu berechnen und gemessene Rohwerte für sämtliche Quereinflüsse zu kompensieren. Dieser Ansatz wurde in einer mehrtägigen Messreihe mit einem Referenzgerät zum atmosphärischen Methanmonitoring evaluiert. Die Ergebnisse verdeutlichen das Potenzial der PAS zur Spurengasdetektion in der Umgebungsluft, unterstreichen aber auch die Notwendigkeit des digitalen Zwillings zur Quereinflusskompensation. Messungen mit einem quartz-enhanced PAS Sensor zeigten ebenfalls relaxationsbedingte Signalveränderungen, die mithilfe der etablierten statistischen Methode der Partial Least Squares Regression (PLSR) und dem digitalen Zwilling kompensiert wurden. Mit beiden Ansätzen konnten vergleichbar gute Ergebnisse erzielt werden und den mittleren relativen Fehler der vorhergesagten Analytkonzentration auf den einstelligen Prozentbereich verringert werden. Darüber hinaus wurde eine Methode entwickelt, um spektrale Quereinflüsse in der Wellenlängen-modulierten PAS zu berechnen. Der Einfluss von spektralen Überlappungen auf das Messsignal wurde zusätzlich für Amplitudenmodulation untersucht. Zusammenfassend befasst sich diese Dissertation vorrangig mit der detaillierte Analyse von relaxationsbedingten, akustischen und spektralen Einflüssen auf das photoakustische Signal. Hierbei werden verschiedene innovative Ansätze zur Quantifizierung und Kompensation dieser Einflüsse präsentiert, mit dem übergeordneten Ziel, die Genauigkeit und Zuverlässigkeit photoakustischer Sensoren in langfristigen Feldanwendungen signifikant zu erhöhen. Die Erkenntnisse dieser Arbeit unterstreichen nicht nur das Potenzial der photoakustischen Spektroskopie zur präzisen Detektion von Spurengasen in der Umgebungsluft, sondern betonen auch die Notwendigkeit von Kompensationsmechanismen. Insgesamt trägt diese Arbeit entscheidend dazu bei, dass photoakustische Sensoren in kontinuierlichen Feldanwendungen eingesetzt werden können. This dissertation discusses the potential of photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS) for the detection of methane and ethane in ambient air. The theoretical section is dedicated to the fundamentals of absorption spectroscopy and PAS in particular. Additionally, spectroscopic measurement methods relevant to this work such as Beer-Lambert absorption spectroscopy, cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS) and wavelength modulated spectroscopy (WMS) are presented and their respective advantages and disadvantages are discussed. The theory chapter also provides a detailed derivation of photoacoustic signal generation, including signal amplification by acoustic resonance amplification. Particular attention is given to the discussion of the influence of non-radiative relaxation on the photoacoustic signal, whereby the two dominant forms of collision-based energy transfer, vibrational-translation (VT) relaxation and vibrational-vibrational (VV) relaxation, are reviewed and discussed. A literature review completes the theoretical part, focusing on the influence of relaxation on the photoacoustic signal for different analytes. Besides the characterization of the laser sources with respect to the emission wavenumber, an integrated system (Acoustic Resonance Monitoring System - ARMS) is presented, which allows fast quantification of acoustic parameters such as resonance frequency and Q-factor. The photoacoustic methane sensor is evaluated in the results chapter regarding cross-sensitivities towards oxygen, humidity, carbon dioxide as well as photoacoustic cell temperature and pressure. Acoustic and relaxation-related effects were identified as the dominant parameters. The dependence of the photoacoustic amplitude and phase on the efficiency of the non-radiative relaxation can be calculated and compensated for using the developed algorithm CoNRad, which increases the reliability of the sensor. The concept of the digital twin combines theoretical calculations, ARMS measurements and the emitted optical laser power to calculate a fully theoretically expected photoacoustic signal and to compensate measured raw data for all cross influences. This approach was evaluated in a series of measurements over several days with a reference device for atmospheric methane monitoring. The results illustrate the potential of PAS for trace gas detection in the ambient air, but also emphasize the necessity of the digital twin for signal compensation. Measurements with a quartz-enhanced PAS sensor also revealed relaxation-related signal distortions, which were compensated using an established statistical method of partial least squares regression (PLSR) and the digital twin. Both approaches achieved equally good results and reduced the mean relative error of the predicted analyte concentration to the single-digit percentage range. Furthermore, a method for calculating spectral influences in terms of wavelength-modulated PAS was developed. Spectral influences on the measurement signal were also investigated for amplitude modulation. In summary, this thesis is primarily dedicated to an in-depth analysis of relaxation-related, acoustic and spectral influences on the photoacoustic signal. Various novel approaches to quantify and compensate for these influences are presented, with the objective of significantly increasing the accuracy and reliability of photoacoustic sensors in long-term field applications. The findings of this work not only demonstrate the capability of photoacoustic spectroscopy for the precise detection of trace gases in ambient air, but also emphasize the need for compensation techniques. Overall, this work provides a valuable contribution towards the application of photoacoustic sensors in continuous and long-term field applications. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5283/EPUB.58461 PB - Universität Regensburg ER - TY - BOOK ED - Weigl, Stefan T1 - Breath Analysis: An Approach for Smart Diagnostics. - (Bioanalytical Reviews ; 4) N2 - This volume highlights the potentials as well as the limits and challenges of human breath analysis and describes the current efforts made to advance this promising technology from bench to bed. Human breath analysis is a young, interdisciplinary and innovative research field aiming to provide a smart and non-invasive diagnostic tool, which can be used for screening, detecting and monitoring of diseases or metabolic disorders. This book presents different approaches for breath analysis including real-time and offline mass spectrometry as well as optical and semiconductor gas sensing methods. Besides, the role of smart algorithms to improve the performance of those technologies and the importance of pulmonary function diagnostics for more reliable and meaningful breath analysis are highlighted. Finally, current application scenarios and future perspectives of breath analysis and pulmonary functioning tests are addressed. Y1 - 2023 SN - 978-3-031-18526-7 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-18526-7 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wischmann, Johannes A1 - Brasch, Leanna A1 - Franzen, Julia A1 - Schwierz, Jennifer A1 - Kovalenko, Oksana A1 - Gutmann, Andrea A1 - Erbert, Franziska A1 - Bußmann, Luisa A1 - Lauer, Julia A1 - Dumberger, Claudia A1 - Mandl, Alexander A1 - Mehringer, Marie A1 - Münsterer, Annette A1 - Spitzer, Julia A1 - Winterhalter, Lena A1 - Frank, Vanessa A1 - Rheinwald, Marika A1 - Lehner, Katharina A1 - Ammer, Franziska A1 - Pfahler, Angelika A1 - Lampart, Stefanie A1 - Young, Charlotte A1 - Young, Peter A1 - Goettert, Barbara A1 - Bitzan, Marcella A1 - Rinder, Stephanie A1 - Meier, Oliver A1 - Feil, Katharina A1 - Kellert, Lars T1 - Tablet-Assisted Speech and Language Therapy for Acute Post-Stroke Aphasia: A Randomized Clinical Trial (LEXI Study) JF - European journal of neurology N2 - BACKGROUND Aphasia after acute stroke is a frequent and disabling condition, impairing communication and quality of life. We investigated whether tablet-assisted Speech and Language Therapy (SLT) using the Neolexon application is superior to standard SLT in acute stroke patients. METHODS In this prospective, open-label, randomized, controlled clinical trial, patients with acute post-stroke aphasia were recruited from one stroke center and two neurorehabilitation clinics in Germany. Participants were stratified by aphasia severity and randomized to tablet-assisted SLT (n = 53) or standard SLT (n = 51), initiated during inpatient care and continued in rehabilitation (30 min/Day). The primary outcome was the change in the Bielefelder Aphasia Screening (BIAS) percentile rank from baseline to 90 days. Secondary outcomes included frequency and duration of self-training. RESULTS From 07/2021 to 09/2024, 4097 patients were screened and 104 randomized (mean age 74.4 ± 11.2 years; 51.9% female). No significant difference in BIAS change was found at 90 days (18 vs. 14). The trial was stopped early for futility. The intervention group engaged in self-directed training more frequently (37.7% vs. 21.6%) and trained longer (10 vs. 4 h). Subgroup analyses showed benefits of tablet-assisted SLT in patients with mild (β = 15.51; 95% CI -1.67 to 32.69) and moderate aphasia (β = 23.58; 95% CI -4.48 to 51.65), and those with a National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale of less than 5 (β = 21.69; 95% CI 5.54-37.84). CONCLUSIONS Although underpowered to demonstrate overall superiority, tablet-assisted SLT showed potential benefits in patients with mild to moderate aphasia and less severe strokes in the acute setting. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04080817. KW - acute stroke KW - Aphasia KW - computerized therapy KW - neurorehabilitation KW - randomized controlled trial KW - speech and language therapy Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/ene.70443 SN - 1351-5101 SN - 1468-1331 VL - 32 IS - 12 PB - Wiley ER - TY - GEN ED - Baumann, Timo T1 - Elektronische Sprachsignalverarbeitung 2024: Tagungsband der 35. Konferenz Regensburg, 6.–8. März 2024 T2 - Studientexte zur Sprachkommunikation; 107 Y1 - 2024 SN - 978-3-95908-325-6 PB - TUDpress ER - TY - GEN A1 - Brandstetter, Susanne A1 - Curbach, Janina A1 - Apfelbacher, C. A1 - Sommoggy, Julia von T1 - Practices, barriers and enablers of health-literacy sensitive counselling on early childhood allergy prevention by midwives: Questionnaire development study T2 - Allergy Y1 - 2023 SN - 1398-9995 SN - 0105-4538 VL - 78 IS - S112 SP - 440 PB - Wiley ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Halbhuber, David A1 - Thomaschke, Roland A1 - Henze, Niels A1 - Wolff, Christian A1 - Probst, Kilian A1 - Bogon, Johanna ED - Michahelles, Florian ED - Knierim, Pascal ED - Häkkilä, Jonna T1 - Play with my Expectations: Players Implicitly Anticipate Game Events Based on In-Game Time-Event Correlations T2 - Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia (MUM 2023). - Vienna, Austria 03. - 06.12.2023 N2 - Temporal regularities and the timing of events and actions such as anticipating enemy movements or planning one’s next move are essential components of almost every video game. Thus, to succeed in video games, it is advantageous to anticipate events and prepare relevant actions before they occur. This work explores whether elapsed time can be used as a predictive cue for implicitly anticipating events in video games. Inspired by findings from psychology, we implemented multiple time-event correlations in a custom video game by pairing specific delays with specific game events. Participants had to shoot targets that appeared at different locations. After a certain delay (e.g., 0.8 s), the targets appeared more frequently (80 % of all appearances) at a specific location (e.g., left up). Our analysis of 25 participants provides evidence that players implicitly learned the implemented time-event correlations and used them to anticipate the location of upcoming targets. This led to improved game performance. Although no participant realised the implemented temporal regularities, targets were shot faster when preceded by the frequently paired delay. Our findings pave the way for game developers and researchers alike to more creatively combine human temporal processing with temporal aspects of video games. KW - time and timing in video games KW - time perception in video games KW - time-based event expectancy KW - video games Y1 - 2023 UR - https://dl.acm.org/doi/proceedings/10.1145/3626705 SN - 9798400709210 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1145/3626705.3627970 SP - 386 EP - 397 PB - ACM CY - New York, NY, USA ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Ehrnsperger, Matthias G. A1 - Brenner, Thomas A1 - Siart, Uwe A1 - Wibert, Thomas F. T1 - Real-Time Gesture Recognition with Shallow Convolutional Neural Networks Employing an Ultra Low Cost Radar System T2 - 2020 German Microwave Conference (GeMiC), Cottbus 09. - 11.03.2020 N2 - Ultra-low-cost radar hardware (HW) in combination with low-cost processing units is investigated in order to create and evaluate a holistic ultra-low-cost gesture recognition system. We study the real-time performance of novel machine learning (nML) methods: neural networks (NNs), in particular shallow architectures of convolutional neural networks (CNNs). The real-time performance of each approach is judged by computational complexity, prediction time, accuracy, and false-positive rate (FPR). As HW, a two-channel radar system with continuous wave (CW) modulation at a carrier frequency of 10 GHz has been employed throughout the investigations. The algorithms are designed, trained, evaluated, and juxtaposed. The results show that the classification process on low-cost HW is feasible and allows to achieve accuracies of 97.9% and FPRs of 1.72%, all of which with a response time of less than 180 ms. KW - Accuracy KW - Artificial intelligence KW - Classification algorithms KW - Convolutional neural networks KW - Doppler radar KW - Gesture recognition KW - low-cost KW - Machine learning KW - Neural networks KW - Prediction algorithms KW - radar KW - Radar signal processing KW - real-time KW - Real-time systems KW - Time factors Y1 - 2020 UR - https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9080241 SP - 88 EP - 91 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Sommer, Timo A1 - Mange, Nirav A1 - Wegmann, Peter A1 - Poot, Menno T1 - Silicon Nitride Waveguide Crossings for Photonic Quantum Computing based on an Adiabatic Coupler Design T2 - CLEO 2023 / Applications and Technology. - Part of Conference on Lasers & Electro-Optics 2023, 7-12 May 2023, San Jose, CA, United States . - (Technical digest series / Optica Publishing Group ; 113) N2 - We developed a waveguide crossing in our silicon nitride integrated photonics platform based on an adiabatic coupler design. It shows low-loss, large spectral range and high fidelity for use as quantum NOT-gate. Y1 - 2023 UR - https://opg.optica.org/abstract.cfm?uri=cleo_at-2023-JW2A.113&origin=search SN - 978-1-957171-25-8 PB - Optica Publishing Group CY - Washington, DC, USA ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Stenglein, Anna T1 - Bewertung der Abschiebetechnik von Thermomulden und unterschiedlicher Methoden zur Temperaturabsenkung von Walzasphalten : Bachelorarbeit T2 - Hochschulpreis des Bayerischen Baugewerbes 2026 N2 - Die vorliegende Zusammenfassung ausgewählter Aspekte der Arbeit befasst sich mit dem Potenzial der flächendeckenden Temperaturerfassung mittels Thermografie bei Verwendung temperaturabgesenkter Walzasphalte im Asphaltstraßenbau sowie mit der Abschiebetechnik von Thermomulden als Alternative zur konventionellen Kipptechnik in Kombination mit einem Beschicker. Grundlage bilden vier Erprobungsstrecken zum Einsatz temperaturabgesenkter Walzasphalte, von denen für zwei Baumaßnahmen Temperaturdaten aufbereitet und georeferenziert ausgewertet wurden. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Thermografie über ihre dokumentierende Funktion hinaus ein bislang wenig genutztes Instrument zur bauprozessintegrierten Qualitätskontrolle darstellt. Die Bewertung der Abladetechniken erfolgte anhand der granularen und thermischen Homogenität des eingebauten Mischguts sowie ergänzender Mischgutproben. Dabei konnte gezeigt werden, dass mit der Abschiebetechnik eine mit der Kipptechnik vergleichbare, teils bessere Homogenität innerhalb einzelner Lkw-Ladungen erzielt werden kann. Voraussetzung dafür ist jedoch eine stabile und gleichmäßige Transportlogistik, welche die praktische Umsetzung der Technik derzeit noch einschränkt. Die gewonnenen Erkenntnisse liefern sowohl für Auftraggeber als auch für Bauunternehmen wichtige Impulse zur qualitätsgesicherten und nachhaltigen Anwendung temperaturabgesenkter Bauweisen im Asphaltstraßenbau. KW - Abschiebetechnik im Asphaltbau KW - Digitalisierung der Bauüberwachung KW - Qualitätssicherung KW - Temperaturabgesenkter Walzasphalt KW - Thermografie Y1 - 2026 SN - 978-3-89650-600-9 N1 - Die Arbeit wurde angefertigt an der Fakultät Bauingenieurwesen im Labor für Straßenbau und Asphalttechnologie an der OTH Regensburg. Betreuer der Arbeit war Prof. Dipl.-Ing. Andreas Appelt, Zweitprüfer war Prof. Dr.-Ing. Matthias Spangler / Die Arbeit wird mit einer Urkunde über eine wissenschaftliche Anerkennung ausgezeichnet. SP - 53 EP - 57 PB - Vögel CY - Stamsried ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hofbauer, Isabella T1 - Experimentelle Analyse des Tragverhaltens von Planziegelmauerwerk mit Lehmdünnbettmörtel unter verschiedenen Feuchteeinflüssen : Bachelorarbeit T2 - Hochschulpreis des Bayerischen Baugewerbes 2026 N2 - Ausgangspunkt ist die Problematik konventioneller Mörtelsysteme im Hinblick auf Rückbau und Nachhaltigkeit, da zementgebundene Mörtel eine sortenreine Trennung erschweren. Lehmmörtel hingegen weist eine reversible Bindung auf, die sich bei Wassereinwirkung lösen lässt und eine schadensfreie Wiederverwendung der Bausteine ermöglicht. Ziel der Arbeit war die Untersuchung, ob Lehmdünnbettmörtel im Verbund mit Planziegeln eine tragfähige und ökologische Alternative darstellt, insbesondere unter Feuchteeinfluss. Im Fokus stand, inwiefern Feuchteänderungen die mechanischen Eigenschaften und die Druckfestigkeit des Verbunds beeinflussen. Hierzu wurden verschiedene Prüfkörpertypen unter normierten Bedingungen hergestellt und unterschiedlichen Feuchtebedingungen ausgesetzt. Die Druckfestigkeit wurde als zentrale Kenngröße ermittelt, um eine fundierte Einschätzung der baupraktischen Anwendbarkeit zu ermöglichen. KW - Feuchteeinflüsse KW - Planziegelmauerwer KW - Druckfestigkeit KW - Lehmdünnbettmörte Y1 - 2026 SN - 978-3-89650-600-9 N1 - Die Arbeit wurde angefertigt im Labor für Konstruktiven Ingenieurbau an der OTH Regensburg. Betreuer der Arbeit waren M.Eng. Franziska Amberger und Prof. Dr.-Ing. Detleff Schermer. Zweitprüfer war Prof. Dr.-Ing. Wolfgang Finckh. / Die Arbeit wird mit einer Urkunde über eine wissenschaftliche Anerkennung ausgezeichnet. SP - 33 EP - 37 PB - Vögel CY - Stamsried ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Dietrich, Alicia T1 - Experimentelle Untersuchungen an Stampflehm zur Veränderung der Materialeigenschaften bei wiederholten Feuchte- und Trocknungszyklen T2 - Hochschulpreis des Bayerischen Baugewerbes 2026 N2 - Stampflehm, als lokal verfügbarer und ressourcenschonender Baustoff, erlangt durch die besonders energiearme Herstellung und aufgrund der zirkulären Wiederverwertbarkeit einen zunehmend aktuellen Betrachtungsfokus in der nachhaltigen Bauforschung. Anhand von experimentellen Untersuchungen an zylindrischen Stampflehmproben über mehrere Feuchte- und Trocknungszyklen hinweg, wird der Einfluss eines wiederholten Recyclingprozesses auf die mechanischen Festigkeitseigenschaften, die Materialqualität und die Veränderung in der Mikrostruktur der Tonminerale analysiert. Als gewinnbringende positive Erkenntnis wird deutlich, dass im Fokus einer dauerhaften Plastifizierung unter idealen Herstellungsbedingungen die wichtigen Materialkennwerte, wie die mittlere Druckfestigkeit und das Bindevermögen nicht nachteilig beeinflusst werden. Natürliche Zusatzstoffe können die mechanischen Eigenschaften, den Haftverbund und die Wasserleitfähigkeit zusätzlich verbessern. Die Forschungsergebnisse ermöglichen ein großes zukünftiges Potential für den Bausektor im Hinblick auf eine lukrative nachhaltige Bauweise mit geschlossener Kreislauffähigkeit des Baustoffes. KW - Einaxialer Druckversuch KW - Recyclingzyklen KW - Stampflehm KW - Zirkuläres Bauen Y1 - 2026 SN - 978-3-89650-600-9 N1 - Die Arbeit wurde an der Fakultät Bauingenieurwesen an der OTH Regensburg in Zusammenarbeit mit dem Labor für Geotechnik und dem Labor für Baustoffkunde angefertigt. Die REM- und BET-Analysen wurden seitens des Lehrstuhls für Angewandte Natur- und Kulturwissenschaften unterstützt. Die praktische und fachliche Betreuung der Arbeit wurde von Katharina Pfahler, M. Eng. übernommen. Der Erstprüfer der Arbeit ist. Florian Spirkl, M. Eng. und die Zweitprüferin Prof. Dr.-Ing. Charlotte Thiel // Die Arbeit wird mit einer Urkunde über eine wissenschaftliche Anerkennung ausgezeichnet. SP - 23 EP - 27 PB - Vögel CY - Stamsried ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Böhm, Tanja T1 - Feuchteverhalten von Holz-Beton-Verbunddecken aus Brettsperrholz mit Kerven und unterschiedlichen Oberflächenbehandlungen T2 - Hochschulpreis des Bayerischen Baugewerbes 2026 N2 - Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht das Feuchteverhalten von Holz-Beton-Verbunddecken (HBV-Decken) aus Brettsperrholz (BSP) mit Kerven unter verschiedenen Oberflächenbehandlungen. Ziel ist die Messung der Holzfeuchte in kleinformatigen, praxisnahen Prüfkörpern, insbesondere im Vorholzbereich der Schubkerve. Über einen Zeitraum von 28 Tagen werden mittels elektrischer Widerstandsmessung die Holzfeuchten in der obersten Lamelle erfasst und analysiert, inwiefern unterschiedliche Oberflächenbehandlungen den Feuchteeintrag durch Frischbeton beeinflussen. Die anisotrope Struktur sowie chemisch-physikalische Wechselwirkungen führen zu einem komplexen Feuchtetransport innerhalb des kapillarporösen Systems. Erhöhte Holzfeuchten können die Tragfähigkeit, Gebrauchstauglichkeit und Dauerhaftigkeit der Konstruktion beeinträchtigen. Unbehandelte Prüfkörper zeigten erhöhte, jedoch unkritische Feuchten; eine vollständige Versiegelung minimierte den Feuchteeintrag, während partielle Abdichtungen zu lokal erhöhten Feuchten unter der Schubkerve führten. Kritisch ist insbesondere die Kombination aus fehlendem Bewitterungsschutz und Feuchteeintrag aus Frischbeton KW - Brettsperrholz KW - Frischbeton KW - Holz-Beton-Verbunddecken KW - Holzfeuchte KW - Kerven KW - Oberflächenbehandlungen Y1 - 2026 SN - 978-3-89650-600-9 N1 - Die Arbeit wurde an der OTH Regensburg Fakultät Bauingenieurwesen im Fachbereich Holzbau angefertigt und von Herrn Professor Dipl.-Ing. Florian Scharmacher betreut. / Die Arbeit wird mit dem 1. Preis ausgezeichnet. SP - 13 EP - 17 PB - Vögel CY - Stamsried ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Oberschmid, Diana T1 - LLM-Gestützte Brückenplanung: Retrieval-Augmented Generation zur Integration deutsscher Bauvorschriften : Masterarbeit T2 - Hochschulpreis des Bayerischen Baugewerbes 2026 N2 - In dieser Masterarbeit wird ein Ansatz zur Anwendung von Large Language Models (LLMs) im Kontext der Brückenplanung entwickelt. Die starke Regulierung im Bauwesen geht mit einem hohem, fehleranfälligen Anwendungsprozess einher. Daher ist das Ziel dieser Arbeit die Bereitstellung eines zuverlässigen und überprüfbaren LLM-basierten Systems zur Verarbeitung von Brückenbaunormen unter Berücksichtigung der typischen Einschränkungen allgemeiner LLMs, um die Fehleranfälligkeit zu reduzieren sowie die Effizienz in der Arbeit mit Normen zu steigern. Methodisch basiert der Ansatz auf Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG), wobei eine externe Wissensdatenbank mit vier relevanten Brückennormen in den Antwortgenerierungsprozess integriert wird. Die Validierung erfolgt durch die Implementierung eines Chatbots, die fachspezifischen Fragen beantwortet und die zugrunde liegenden Normstellen als Zitate ausgibt. Die Evaluation stützt sich auf manuell erstellte Benchmarks mit unterschiedlichen Fragetypen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen eine Genauigkeit von 65 % und damit eine um 25 Prozentpunkte höhere Leistungsfähigkeit gegenüber einem allgemeinen ChatGPT-Modell. Zusätzlich bestätigt die Robustheitsanalyse ein kontrolliertes Antwortverhalten bei nicht abgedeckten Fragestellungen. Die Arbeit zeigt, dass RAG-basierte LLM-Systeme ein geeignetes methodisches Fundament für den Einsatz in regulierten Ingenieurdomänen darstellen und Potenzial für weiterführende Anwendungen in der normbasierten Brückenplanung bieten KW - agentenbasierte Künstliche Intelligenz KW - Brückenbaunormen KW - domänenspezifisches Wissen KW - Generation KW - Large language model KW - Retrieval Augmented Y1 - 2026 SN - 978-3-89650-600-9 N1 - Die Arbeit wurde angefertigt am Lehrstuhl Bauingenieurwesen, Fachbereich Digitales Bauen der OTH Regensburg, unter der Betreuung von Professor Dr.-Ing. Mathias Obergriesser / Die Arbeit wird mit einer Urkunde über eine wissenschaftliche Anerkennung ausgezeichnet. SP - 48 EP - 52 PB - Vögel CY - Stamsried ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Wieland, Thomas T1 - Realisierung einer autarken Baustellen-Einrichtung für eine nachhaltige Baustelle im Verkehrswegebau : Bachelorarbeit T2 - Hochschulpreis des Bayerischen Baugewerbes 2026 N2 - Der Baustellenbetrieb im Verkehrswegebau ist durch einen hohen Energiebedarf sowie lokale Emissionen von CO₂, Lärm und Abgasen geprägt. Gleichzeitig steigen die Anforderungen an Nachhaltigkeit und Klimaschutz. Vor diesem Hintergrund untersucht die Arbeit, unter welchen technischen und organisatorischen Rahmenbedingungen eine autarke Baustelleneinrichtung im Verkehrswegebau sinnvoll eingesetzt werden kann. Grundlage ist ein reales Pilotprojekt auf der Baustelle „Leerrohrtrasse Universität Augsburg“, bei dem eine autarke Baustelleneinrichtung im laufenden Tiefbaubetrieb erprobt wurde. Das Versorgungskonzept umfasste Photovoltaik, Batteriespeicher, einen Feststromanschluss sowie elektrisch betriebene Geräte und Maschinen. Auf Basis gemessener Betriebsdaten erfolgt eine vergleichende Bewertung gegenüber einer konventionellen Baustelleneinrichtung in technischer, wirtschaftlicher, ökologischer und sozialer Hinsicht. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass autarke Baustelleneinrichtungen unter geeigneten Rahmenbedingungen technisch zuverlässig betrieben werden können und insbesondere bei fehlendem Feststromanschluss deutliche Emissions- und Lärmminderungen ermöglichen. KW - nachhaltige Baustelle KW - auf Baustellen KW - Autarke Baustelleneinrichtung KW - Batteriespeicher KW - Emissionsreduktion KW - Energieversorgung KW - Photovoltaik KW - Verkehrswegeba Y1 - 2026 SN - 978-3-89650-600-9 SP - 73 EP - 77 PB - Vögel CY - Stamsried ER - TY - THES A1 - Kretschmer, Anika T1 - Modellierung und Simulation des Energiebedarfs von Wärmepumpen in Batteriezügen zur Bewertung der Kosten- und Energieeffizienz N2 - Zu Beginn der Arbeit werden zunächst die physikalischen Grundlagen betrachtet, welche für die Erstellung des Modells relevant sind. Dabei wird insbesondere auf die thermodynamischen Kreisprozesse von Kältemaschinen und Wärmepumpen eingegangen. Anschließend wird auf den aktuellen Stand der Technik für die Klimatisierung von Schienenfahrzeugen mit besonderem Fokus auf den Einsatz von Wärmepumpen eingegangen. Dabei werden verschiedene Kältemittel diskutiert, die für die Klimatisierung eingesetzt werden können. Ebenfalls werden die normativen Anforderungen für die Klimatisierung von Schienenfahrzeugen dargestellt, welche die Rahmenbedingungen für die anschließend durchgeführte Modellierung bilden. Basierend auf dem bereits bestehenden Modell werden die COP-Kennlinien für die in der Arbeit betrachteten Kältemittel modelliert. Dabei werden zusätzlich die physikalischen Grundlagen und die normativen Anforderungen beachtet. Die modellierten Kennlinien wird anschließend in das bestehenden Simulationsmodell integriert und beeinflussen den simulierten elektrischen Energiebedarf des HVAC-Systems. Um ableiten zu können, wie das HVAC-System in dem simulierten Schienenfahrzeug gestaltet sein muss, werden Simulationen unter verschiedenen Randbedingungen durchgeführt. Dazu gehören die definierten Betriebspunkte, welche unterschiedliche Umgebungsbedingungen aufweisen. Der aus den Simulationen berechnete elektrische Energiebedarf wird für die Analyse der verschiedenen HVAC-Systeme verwendet. Es werden für alle betrachteten Kältemittel und den Widerstandsheizer alle normativen Betriebspunkte für eine Strecke simuliert. Aus dem simulierten elektrischen Energiebedarf an den Betriebspunkten wird der jährliche Energiebedarf in den drei Klimazonen berechnet. Dabei wird zwischen dem Energiebedarf für den Heizbetrieb und für den Kühlbetrieb unterschieden. Zusätzlich wird ein Referenzsystem betrachtet, welches aus einem Widerstandsheizer und einer Wärmepumpe mit dem Kältemittel R134a besteht. Der Energiebedarf des Systems setzt sich aus dem Kühlbedarf des Wärmepumpensystems mit R134a und dem Heizbedarf des Widerstandsheizers. Für die Analyse der Wirtschaftlichkeit wird über die definierten Investitions- und Stromkosten der Verlauf der Kosten für die HVAC-Systeme in den drei Klimazonen dargestellt. Unter Betrachtung des elektrischen Energiebedarfs, der Wirtschaftlichkeit und der Auswirkung auf die Umwelt wurde festgestellt, dass R290 in allen betrachteten Klimazonen die beste Wahl als Ersatzkältemittel für das Referenzsystem ist. R290 hat in Klimazone I einen um etwa 40 % geringeren jährlichen Energiebedarf und um etwa 30 % geringere Gesamtkosten im Vergleich zu dem Referenzsystem. In Klimazone II ist der jährliche Energiebedarf um etwa 62 % geringer und die Gesamtkosten um rund 52 %. In Klimazone ist der jährliche Energiebedarf letztendlich um etwa 65 % geringer und die Gesamtkosten um etwa 57 %. Zusätzlich hat es einen niedrigeren GWP-Wert als das Kältemittel des Referenzsystems und ist PFAS-frei. Somit ist der Einsatz von R290 als Kältemittel in Wärmepumpen für die Klimatisierung von Schienenfahrzeugen in allen Klimazonen energetisch und wirtschaftlich am besten geeignet. In Klimazone III kann ebenfalls R744 eigesetzt werden, wenn Optimierungen an dem Prozess unternommen werden. Der aktuelle jährliche Energiebedarf ist um etwa 22 % höher und die Gesamtkosten um rund 23 % im Vergleich zu dem R290-System. KW - batterie-elektrische Schienenfahrzeuge KW - BEMU KW - Heizen KW - HVAC KW - Kühlen KW - Lüften KW - thermisches Wagenkastenmodell KW - TWKM Y1 - 2026 UR - https://elib.dlr.de/223132/ ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Wiederer, Jonas A1 - Hoeng, Simon A1 - Görgner, Maik A1 - Mehringer, Anna-Maria ED - Özcan, Baris ED - Vassilev, Hristo ED - Göbels, Anne ED - Schulz, Oliver ED - Huang, Qirui T1 - End-to-End Parametric Workflow for Bridge Design with Automated Cost Analysis and Generative Modeling T2 - Tagungsband des 36. Forum Bauinformatik : 24.-26. September 2025 = Proceedings of the 36th Forum Bauinformatik 2025 N2 - This paper presents an end-to-end workflow for conceptual bridge design that integrates parametric modeling, automated cost analysis, and data-driven evaluation. At its core lies a top-down parametric BIM skeleton that governs geometry, earthwork volumes, and adaptive excavation pits. Through automated IFC exchange and integration with cost-analysis software via an application programming interface, component volumes are calculated and linked to a template bill of quantities via matchkeys, ensuring consistent and reproducible cost estimation. The workflow not only enables reliable analysis of bridge variants based on Key Performance Indicators (KPIs), but also produces structured synthetic datasets suitable for training machine learning models. In particular, a Conditional Variational Autoencoder is conceptually introduced to demonstrate how such data can support both forward performance prediction and inverse design conditioned on KPI targets. By improving data fidelity, the approach reduces the demand for extensive training datasets while increasing the robustness of model predictions. This research therefore lays the groundwork for bridging parametric modeling and generative Artificial Intelligence, offering a scalable pathway toward more efficient and data-driven infrastructure planning. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.18154/RWTH-CONV-254878 SP - 366 EP - 373 PB - RWTH Aachen CY - Aachen ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Aicher, Magdalena T1 - Vergleich verschiedener Berechnungsverfahren von Pfahlkopfplatten T2 - Hochschulpreis des Bayerischen Baugewerbes 2026 N2 - Pfahlgründungen zählen zu den am häufigsten eingesetzten Tiefgründungsarten. Für die Lastverteilung auf die Pfähle werden insbesondere im Brückenbau Pfahlkopfplatten verwendet. Aufgrund ihrer gedrungenen Geometrie ist die Anwendung der Standardbemessungsverfahren in der Regel nicht mehr zulässig. In diesen Fällen stellen ebene Stabwerkmodelle eine bewährte Alternative dar, erfassen den räumlichen Lastabtrag der Pfahlkopfplatte jedoch nur vereinfacht. Ziel dieser Bachelorarbeit ist es daher zu untersuchen, inwieweit räumliche Stabwerkmodelle eine geeignete Bemessungsalternative für Pfahlkopfplatten darstellen. Hierzu wird auf Grundlage einer Literaturrecherche ein räumlicher Stabwerksansatz entwickelt und anhand eines Bemessungsbeispiels mit ebenen Stabwerksmodellen sowie einer numerischen Berechnung mit IDEA StatiCa verglichen. Die Untersuchung zeigt, dass räumliche Stabwerkmodelle das Tragverhalten von Pfahlkopfplatten präziser abbilden, ihre wirtschaftliche Anwendung jedoch durch den Modellierungsaufwand in den Knotenbereichen begrenzt wird. Für die Baupraxis eignen sie sich daher vorwiegend für detaillierte Untersuchungen, während für die reguläre Bemessung ebene Stabwerkmodelle weiterhin wirtschaftlicher sind. Die Arbeit liefert damit eine Grundlage für die gezielte Auswahl geeigneter Bemessungsansätze. KW - IDEA StatiCa KW - Knoten KW - Modellierung KW - Pfahlkopfplatte KW - Stabwerkmodell Y1 - 2026 SN - 978-3-89650-600-9 N1 - Die Arbeit wurde an der Fakultät Bauingenieurwesen der Ostbayerische Technische Hochschule Regensburg im Fachbereich Stahlbetonbau und Spannbetonbau bei Prof. Dr.-Ing. Wolfgang Finckh angefertigt. Die Arbeit wird mit dem 3. Preis ausgezeichnet. SP - 3 EP - 7 PB - Vögel CY - Stamsried ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schöpf, Nicolas ED - Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, T1 - Modelle der Anrechnung von Lernergebnissen zwischen dualen Ausbildungsberufen auf der Grundlage von ECVET: Das Projekt EDGE T2 - Entwicklung eines Leistungspunktesystems in der beruflichen Bildung: Dokumentation der Auftaktveranstaltung der BMBF-Pilotinitiative, 19.–20. Februar 2008 in Berlin (DECVET) Y1 - 2008 UR - https://forschungsnetzwerk.ams.at/dam/jcr:8bbb0d47-c723-4b51-8186-11f31d8e22b9/2008_BMBF_DECVET_Dokumentation.pdf SP - 82 EP - 88 PB - Bertelsmann CY - Bielefeld ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Scheffler, Gabriele T1 - Schimpfwörter im Themenvorrat einer Gesellschaft N2 - Warum beschimpfen wir Frauen als Emanzen und Männer als Pantoffelhelden? Der theoretischen Konzeption dieses Buches zufolge sind sprachliche Bedeutungen nicht allein sprecherintendiert, sondern funktionieren unter Rückgriff auf die Systemtheorie Niklas Luhmanns als gesellschaftliche Vorselektion. Sprachliche Bedeutungen subsumieren sich in einem Themenvorrat, der Komplexität reduziert, indem er durch inhaltliche Vorgaben handlungsleitend ist. Das, was für eine Gesellschaft von Belang ist, wird so als Sprachinhalt sichtbar und wirkt zurück auf individuelle Wahrnehmungen und Erwartungen. Am Beispiel von Schimpfwörtern für Frauen und für Männer wird dieser Wirkungszusammenhang deutlich gemacht. Operationalisiert durch eine neue Methode der Wortfeldtheorie zeigt sich eine geschlechtsspezifisch unterschiedliche Wortschatzstrukturierung, die darauf verweist, welche weiblichen und männlichen Verhaltensweisen gesellschaftlich sanktioniert bzw. erwartet werden. Y1 - 2000 SN - 978-3-8288-8172-3 PB - Tectum CY - Marburg ER - TY - BOOK ED - Stein, Margit ED - Schmidt, Hans-Lukdwig ED - Günther, Béatrice ED - Heese, Carl ED - Babi´c, Bernhard T1 - Berufliche Begabung erkennen und fördern: Der Modellversuch "Leistungsstarke Auszubildende nachhaltig fördern (LAnf)" T3 - BIBB Fachbeiträge zur beruflichen Bildung ; 67 N2 - Der Förderung beruflich Begabter ist in Deutschland bisher ungleich weniger Beachtung geschenkt worden als etwa der Begabtenförderung im akademischen Bereich. Diesem Mangel will das Bundesinstitut für Berufsbildung mit seinem Modellversuch „Leistungsstarke Auszubildende nachhaltig fördern“ Abhilfe schaffen. Ziel des Modellversuchs ist es, beruflich besonders begabten Auszubildenden mit Hauptschul- oder Realschulabschluss bereits während ihrer Ausbildung Zusatzqualifikationen zu vermitteln. Y1 - 2003 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:0035-0035-6 SN - 3-88555-740-1 PB - Bundesinst. für Berufsbildung CY - Bonn ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Sykora, M. A1 - Hilicky, M. A1 - Markova, J. A1 - Diamantidis, Dimitris ED - Voigt, Matthias ED - Poske, Firk ED - Graf, Wolfgang ED - Beer, Michael ED - Häußler-Combe, Ulrich ED - Voigt, Paul T1 - Assessment of Compressive Strength of Historic Masonry Using In-Situ Measurements T2 - Proceedings 15th International Probabilistic Workshop & 10th Dresdner Probabilistic Workshop, 27th-29th September 2017, Dresden, Germany Y1 - 2017 SN - 978-3-95908-113-9 SP - 161 EP - 172 PB - TUDpress ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Brebant, V. A1 - Lemonnier, L. A1 - Georgieva, M. A1 - Anker, A. A1 - Heine, N. A1 - Seitz, S. A1 - Frank, K. A1 - Prantl, L. A1 - Eigenberger, A. T1 - Comparison of analog and digitally evaluated volume of the female breast in reconstructive breast surgery. Validation of a noninvasive measurement method with 3D camera JF - Clinical hemorheology and microcirculation N2 - BACKGROUND:Reconstructive surgery is established as a standard treatment option after mastectomy due to cancer. It is crucial to patients to achieve a natural and symmetric looking breast through reconstruction. Anthropometric measurements are used to assess the objective symmetry of the breast, which are prone to errors and difficult to reproduce. OBJECTIVE:The aim of this work is to validate breast volumetry using three-dimensional surface imaging. METHODS:We compared preoperatively analog and digitally evaluated volume of the breast with our gold standard, direct water displacement measurement of the mastectomy specimen. We examined 34 breast specimens in total. RESULTS:Each measurement method (Breast Sculptor, VAM, Breast-V) for breast volume/mass determination demonstrates acceptable agreement ranges when compared with resected volumes and masses. The strongest volumetry instrument is Breast Sculptor (digital), the weakest is Breast-V (analog). CONCLUSIONS:3D surface imaging is a quick, effective, and convenient method to evaluate breast shape and volume. The accuracy, reproducibility, and reliability of 3D surface imaging were comparable with MRI in our study. This takes us a step closer to the long-term goal of establishing robust instruments to plan breast reconstructive surgery, achieve better surgical results, and contribute to quality assurance in breast surgery. KW - 3D imaging KW - anthropometry KW - breast cancer KW - Breast reconstruction KW - breast surgery KW - volumetry Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-229101 SN - 1386-0291 SN - 1875-8622 VL - 85 IS - 3 SP - 277 EP - 287 PB - Sage ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Pierobon, Chiara T1 - Crafting Individual Resilience Through Social Capital in Times of Conflict: a Qualitative Study on Ukrainian Refugees in Germany JF - Journal of Immigrant & Refugee Studies N2 - The article examines the role of social capital in fostering individual resilience of refugees in Germany, with a case-study focused on Ukrainian refugees who moved to the middle-sized city of Bielefeld after February 24, 2022. It specifically explores the targeted strategies and reasoning used by the refugees to build bonding, bridging, and linking forms of social capital. The article promotes a more differentiated approach to resilience, spotlighting the variety of social contacts and networks that allow refugees to access resources and support mechanisms in the new context. It also encourages a transition from a deficits-centric to a strengths-based approach in refugees’ studies and utilizes the experience of new Ukrainians in Bielefeld to shed light on the agency of newcomers and the contribution of their personal skills and motivations to promote well-being in times of crises. KW - Civic Engagement KW - Diaspora KW - GERMANY KW - RESILIENCE KW - Social Capital KW - Ukrainian refugees, *ISSN 1556-2948 Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/15562948.2024.2403069 PB - Taylor & Francis ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Cramer, Erhard A1 - Schmiedt, Anja Bettina T1 - Progressively Type-II censored competing risks data from Lomax distributions JF - Computational Statistics & Data Analysis N2 - A competing risks model based on Lomax distributions is considered under progressive Type-II censoring. Maximum likelihood estimates for the distribution parameters are established. Moreover, the expected Fisher information matrix is computed and optimal Fisher information based censoring plans are discussed. In particular, it turns out that the optimal censoring scheme depends on the particular parametrization of the Lomax distributions. KW - Competing risks KW - Exponential distribution KW - Lomax distributions KW - Optimal progressive censoring plans KW - Progressive censoring Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csda.2010.09.017 SN - 0167-9473 VL - 55 IS - 3 SP - 1285 EP - 1303 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - GEN A1 - Michel, Johanna A1 - Erzinger, Florian A1 - Krenkel, Lars T1 - Effect of Surface Waves and Mucus Viscoelasticity in the Modelling of Shear-Induced Aerosol Generation in the Human Respiratory System T2 - ECCOMAS 2024, 3-7. June 2024, Lisbon, Portugal N2 - Respiratory aerosol is generated in the airways among others by shear induced stripping of particles from the mucus. One approach to model the number and size distribution of stripped particles is a combination of a Eulerian Wall Film (EWF) to model the generation of particles with a Discrete Phase Model (DPM) to compute the trajectory of the stripped particles. However, the EWF model lacks two main aspects which are necessary for representing shear-induced aerosol generation. Firstly, the local thickness of the film is only modelled as a property of the surface with no impact on the flow. Thus, the formation of surface waves and their effect on the local wall shear stress is neglected. However, as we found in experimental analyses, surface waves occur in mucus mimetics exposed to shear flow, which induced wall shear stresses in an equivalent range to those occurring in the human body during breathing. In first computational analyses we represented these wave structures with generic surfaces with superimposed symmetrical, sinusoidal waves. These generic waves caused differences between the minimum and maximum wall shear stress of up to 81 % of the peak wall shear stress. Thus, because the main criterion for the occurrence of particle stripping in the EWF is the local wall shear stress, the thickness of the film and the formation of surface waves are not negligible. Secondly, the parameters, which govern particle stripping in the current implementation of the EWF, neglect the highly complex viscoelastic behavior of the mucus. Especially the limited range of the linear viscoelastic region (LVR) likely affects the occurrence of particle stripping, as strain loads exceeding the LVR disrupt internal structures in the mucus. Resulting weaker internal bonds within the fluid might decrease its resistance to particle stripping and affect the size of generated particles. Thus, constant parameters for the critical stress for particle stripping, and the mass and diameter of the particles are likely not applicable. In this work, we measure the geometry and propagation of surface waves in the mucus in simplified flow experiments using laser light techniques. Further, we measure the number and size distribution of generated particles using an aerosol spectrometer to analyze the effect of the mucus viscoelasticity. Based on the experimental study, we formulate a model, which includes both the effects of surface waves and of the mucus viscoelasticity. KW - Eulerian Wall Film KW - Particle Stripping KW - Shear-Induced Aerosol Generation Y1 - 2024 UR - https://eccomas2024.org/event/contribution/ef69003d-95e8-11ee-8178-000c29ddfc0c ER - TY - GEN A1 - Michel, Johanna A1 - Krenkel, Lars T1 - Measurements of Aerosol Generation in the Lower Respiratory System T2 - 1st European Fluid Dynamics Conference (EFDC1), 2024, Aachen Y1 - 2024 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Michel, Johanna A1 - Krenkel, Lars T1 - Experimental Investigation of Shear-Induced Generation of Respiratory Aerosol: Simultaneous Measurements of Particle Quantities and Wave Topology T2 - Jahresbericht STAB 2025 zum 22. STAB-Workshop, 10-12 November 2025, Göttingen N2 - In recent years, respiratory aerosol has gained much attention as a carrier of infectious diseases. While the flow mechanics of aerosol spreading and containment are mostly well researched, less is known about the flow mechanics of how the aerosol forms inside the respiratory system. In our work, we focus on the aerosol formation during coughing, which is mostly triggered by large shear air flow velocities in the larger airways. The associated large velocity differences between the wall-lining mucus film and the air trigger Kelvin-Helmholtz waves in the mucus film, from which particles detach Y1 - 2025 UR - https://www.dlr.de/en/as/latest/events/stab-deutsche-stromungsmechanische-arbeitsgemeinschaft/stab-workshop/jahresbericht_2025.pdf SP - 40 EP - 41 PB - STAB CY - Göttingen ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hayibor, S. A1 - Wasieleski, D. A1 - Süzeroglu, Sevim T1 - Value Congruence and Structural Features of Stakeholder Networks T2 - Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Institute for Behavioral and Applied Management, Tampa, Florida Y1 - 2003 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Mozumder, M. A1 - Willoughby, K.W. A1 - Bader, Martin A. A1 - Süzeroglu-Melchiors, Sevim T1 - Managing Intellectual Property Along the Financial Venture Life Cycle of Start-up T2 - R&D Management Conference (RADMA), 06/2024 Y1 - 2024 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Süzeroglu-Melchiors, Sevim A1 - Bader, Martin A. T1 - Between patents and secrecy: The hidden logic behind Tech-Startups' IP protection strategies (Track 7.2: Intellectual Property Management – Responsible and Resilient IP Strategies in Disruptive Technological Landscapes) T2 - Proceedings of the R&D Management Conference, Manchester, UK, Juni 2026 N2 - Abstract In an era of rapid technological disruption, intellectual property (IP) remains central to enabling creativity, driving competitiveness, and shaping technology races. As emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence, advanced manufacturing and digital platforms continue to transform industries and innovation ecosystems, organisations are challenged to rethink how they manage and leverage their IP assets responsibly to foster sustainable innovation. This track aims to bring together researchers in the fields of innovation and IP to discuss the evolving role of IP in promoting creativity, and responsible innovation. It will explore how firms and institutions can design responsible and resilient IP strategies, leverage IP to support green, circular and socially beneficial innovation, manage IP-related risks and uncertainties, and build IP roadmaps that support sustainable and ethical innovation, and collaboration. Participants will also have the opportunity to meet the editors of World Patent Information’s special issue and discuss potential publication opportunities. Y1 - 2026 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Michel, Johanna A1 - Tauwald, Sandra Melina A1 - Krenkel, Lars T1 - Einfluss der rheologischen Eigenschaften des respiratorischen Mukus auf die scherinduzierte Erzeugung von Aerosolpartikeln in den Atemwegen T2 - Jahresbericht STAB 2023 Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.dlr.de/de/as/aktuelles/veranstaltungen/stab/stab_workshop/stab-jahresbericht_2023.pdf SP - 42 EP - 43 PB - Institut für Aerodynamik und Strömungstechnik ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hense, Viktor A1 - Westner, Markus A1 - Rösl, Stefan A1 - Schieder, Christian ED - Shishkov, Boris T1 - Charting the Shadows BT - a Bibliometric Analysis of Shadow IT T2 - Business Modeling and Software Design N2 - Due to the challenges of organizational adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI), the prevalence of Shadow Information Technology (SIT) is growing. In particular with respect to small and medium enterprises, a comprehensive quantitative mapping of its intellectual structure and evolution is lacking. This study addresses this gap by presenting a bibliometric analysis of SIT research based on 188 peer-reviewed publications retrieved from Scopus and Web of Science covering the period from 2008 to 2026, screened according to the PRISMA protocol. Co-citation analysis, bibliographic coupling, and keyword co-occurrence with temporal overlay were performed using VOSviewer. The bibliometric findings were evaluated against two established systematic literature reviews (SLRs). The contribution of our study is threefold: First, it reveals a tripartite intellectual structure organized around behavioral compliance, organizational governance, and information security, with strong inter-group ties indicating substantive theoretical interconnection. Second, we delineate the evolution of SIT into four phases of foundation, exploration, expansion, and diversification, with preliminary evidence suggesting an ascending fifth phase driven by Shadow AI. Finally, our results align with previous SLRs and provide an up-to-date overview of their identified research gaps, while identifying IT governance in distributed work environments and Shadow AI as emerging subfields. The latter potentially marks a fundamental shift in the nature of unsanctioned IT use. KW - Shadow IT KW - IT Governance KW - Bibliometric Analysis Y1 - 2026 SN - 978-3-032-31564-9 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-31564-9_7 SP - 99 EP - 114 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Herrmann, David A1 - Merker, Lukas A1 - Schaeffer, Leon A1 - Lehmann, Lukas A1 - Hemeling, Christoph A1 - Jahn, Hannes A1 - Zentner, Lena A1 - Böhm, Valter ED - Raatz, Annika ED - Kraus, Tobias ED - Rizzello, Gianluca ED - Peters, Jan ED - Sourkounis, Cora Maria T1 - Soft Tensegrity Structures with Variable Stiffness and Shape Changing Ability T2 - Soft Material Robotic Systems N2 - Soft tensegrity structures with variable stiffness and shape changing abil-ity hold significant potential for soft robotic applications. With few exceptions, this class of structures primarily consists of tensioned and compressed members (at least some of which are compliant) forming a prestressed, stable equilibrium state. Con-sequently, changes in prestress of the structures enable independent or combined adjustments of shape and stiffness, which can be achieved actively or passively. This article explores the fundamental realization principles of soft tensegrity structures focusing on application examples, including manipulators, force and contact sensors, multistable soft grippers, and locomotion systems. Additionally, it highlights the potential of smart materials for passive stiffness modulation. The findings highlight that soft tensegrity structures, characterized by variable stiffness and shape changing capabilities, play a crucial role in advancing the performance and adaptability of soft robotic systems. KW - Locomotion KW - Manipulator KW - Mechanical compliance KW - Sensor KW - Soft robotics KW - Tensegrity structure Y1 - 2026 SN - 978-3-032-22452-1 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-22453-8_13 SP - 179 EP - 197 PB - Springer Nature CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Klemperer, David A1 - Lieb, Klaus ED - Günster, Christian ED - Klauber, Jürgen ED - Klemperer, David ED - Nothacker, Monika Judith T1 - Interessenkonflikte und Leitlinien T2 - Versorgungs-Report: Leitlinien - Evidenz für die Praxis Y1 - 2023 SN - 9783954668007 U6 - https://doi.org/10.32745/9783954668007-3 SP - 33 EP - 43 PB - Medizinisch Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaft CY - Berlin ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Robra, Bernt-Peter A1 - Nothacker, Monika A1 - Klemperer, David ED - Günster, Christian ED - Klauber, Jürgen ED - Klemperer, David ED - Nothacker, Monika Judith T1 - Zielsetzung medizinischer Leitlinien T2 - Versorgungs-Report: Leitlinien - Evidenz für die Praxis Y1 - 2023 SN - 9783954668007 U6 - https://doi.org/10.32745/9783954668007-1 SP - 9 EP - 18 PB - Medizinisch Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaft CY - Berlin ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Anderson, Philip ED - Schmitt, Sabine ED - Mulot, Ralf ED - Denef, Claudia T1 - Aufenthaltsrechtliche Illegalität T2 - Fachlexikon der Sozialen Arbeit Y1 - 2022 SN - 9783848771318 SP - 66 EP - 67 PB - Nomos CY - Baden-Baden ET - 9 ER - TY - BOOK ED - Günster, Christian ED - Klauber, Jürgen ED - Klemperer, David ED - Nothacker, Monika Judith T1 - Versorgungs-Report: Leitlinien - Evidenz für die Praxis N2 - Diese Ausgabe des Versorgungs-Reports widmet sich schwerpunktmäßig der Bedeutung von medizinischen Leitlinien in der Gesundheitsversorgung. Leitlinien geben den Behandelnden diagnostische und therapeutische Empfehlungen an die Hand. Sie werden nach systematischen und evidenzbasierten Kriterien entwickelt und zielen darauf ab, die Versorgungsqualität für Patientinnen und Patienten zu verbessern. Als Patientenleitlinien nehmen sie Einfluss auf die Gesundheitskompetenz der Bevölkerung. Ihre Umsetzung im Versorgungsalltag ist herausfordernd. Die Expertenbeiträge im Versorgungs-Report setzen sich umfassend mit der Praxis von Leitlinien auseinander. Sie beschreiben Methodik und Verfahren zur Erstellung vertrauenswürdiger Leitlinien sowie zu ihrer Evaluation. Sie berichten über die Ergebnisse empirischer Untersuchungen zur Umsetzung von Leitlinienempfehlungen in der realen Versorgung und stellen praxisorientiert Versorgungsstrukturen und konkrete Vertragsmodelle zur Förderung der Leitlinienanwendung vor. Der Teil „Daten und Analysen“ berichtet auf Basis von AOK-Abrechnungsdaten über die Häufi gkeit von Erkrankungen und Behandlungen in Deutschland und nimmt dabei die Auswirkungen der Pandemie in den Blick. Weitere Daten zu Behandlungshäufigkeiten von mehr als 1.500 Krankheiten stehen unter www.mwv-open.de zur Verfügung. Y1 - 2023 SN - 9783954668007 U6 - https://doi.org/10.32745/9783954668007 PB - Medizinisch Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaft CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stoll, Marlene A1 - Lindner, Saskia A1 - Marquardt, Bernd A1 - Salholz-Hillel, Maia A1 - DeVito, Nicholas J. A1 - Klemperer, David A1 - Lieb, Klaus T1 - Completeness and consistency of primary outcome reporting in COVID-19 publications in the early pandemic phase: a descriptive study JF - BMC medical research methodology N2 - BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic saw a steep increase in the number of rapidly published scientific studies, especially early in the pandemic. Some have suggested COVID-19 trial reporting is of lower quality than typical reports, but there is limited evidence for this in terms of primary outcome reporting. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of completely defined primary outcomes reported in registry entries, preprints, and journal articles, and to assess consistent primary outcome reporting between these sources. METHODS This is a descriptive study of a cohort of registered interventional clinical trials for the treatment and prevention of COVID-19, drawn from the DIssemination of REgistered COVID-19 Clinical Trials (DIRECCT) study dataset. The main outcomes are: 1) Prevalence of complete primary outcome reporting; 2) Prevalence of consistent primary outcome reporting between registry entry and preprint as well as registry entry and journal article pairs. RESULTS We analyzed 87 trials with 116 corresponding publications (87 registry entries, 53 preprints and 63 journal articles). All primary outcomes were completely defined in 47/87 (54%) registry entries, 31/53 (58%) preprints and 44/63 (70%) journal articles. All primary outcomes were consistently reported in 13/53 (25%) registry-preprint pairs and 27/63 (43%) registry-journal article pairs. No primary outcome was specified in 13/53 (25%) preprints and 8/63 (13%) journal articles. In this sample, complete primary outcome reporting occurred more frequently in trials with vs. without involvement of pharmaceutical companies (76% vs. 45%), and in RCTs vs. other study designs (68% vs. 49%). The same pattern was observed for consistent primary outcome reporting (with vs. without pharma: 56% vs. 12%, RCT vs. other: 43% vs. 22%). CONCLUSIONS In COVID-19 trials in the early phase of the pandemic, all primary outcomes were completely defined in 54%, 58%, and 70% of registry entries, preprints and journal articles, respectively. Only 25% of preprints and 43% of journal articles reported primary outcomes consistent with registry entries. KW - COVID-19 KW - Discrepanc KW - Methodological qualit KW - Primary outcome KW - Trial registry KW - y, Reporting quality Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12874-023-01991-9 VL - 23 PB - Springer ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Bittner, Dominik A1 - Engl, Fabian A1 - Hauser, Florian A1 - Mottok, Jürgen A1 - Saßmannshausen, Sean Patrick ED - Dölling, Hanna ED - Schäfle, Claudia T1 - Eye Movement Modeling Examples zu Usability-Heuristiken T2 - Tagungsband MINT Symposium 2025: Zukunft MINT Lehre: Was bleibt? Was kommt? Was wirkt? N2 - UI/UX-Gestaltung ist für die Mensch-Computer-Interaktion bei Webanwendungen entscheidend. Hohe Nutzererwartungen und starker Wettbewerb erfordern Usability-Messungen, um Nutzer langfristig zu binden. Die Heuristic Evaluation (HE) stellt diesbezüglich eine effiziente Messmethode dar, ihr Erfolg hängt jedoch stark von der Erfahrung der Evaluatoren ab – Experten finden bis zu 50 % mehr Probleme als Novizen. Um diese Performanzlücke bei der Anwendung der HE zu schließen, werden in diesem Paper Eye Movement Modeling Examples (EMMEs) hinsichtlich ihrer Wirksamkeit untersucht. Dabei werden die Blickbewegungen und Kommentare von Usability-Experten aufgezeichnet, während sie eine Website anhand von Jakob Nielsens zehn Heuristiken bewerten. Dies visualisiert Expertenstrategien und kognitive Prozesse und macht die Heuristiken didaktisch nutzbar und für Novizen nachvollziehbar. Fragebogenbefunde zu den EMMEs bestätigen, dass diese als hilfreich und lernfördernd wahrgenommen werden, was ein tieferes Verständnis ermöglicht und den Einsatz in anderen Domänen unterstützen könnte KW - Eye Movement Modeling Examples KW - eye tracking KW - Usability Heuristics KW - User Experience Design KW - User Interface Design Y1 - 2025 UR - https://bayziel.de/wp-content/uploads/Tagungsband_MINTSymposium_2025.pdf SP - 403 EP - 412 PB - BayZiel CY - München ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Merker, Lukas A1 - Kissinger, Thomas A1 - Böhm, Valter A1 - Herrmann, David A1 - Zentner, Lena ED - Nguyen, Duc-Nam ED - Tran, Ngoc Dang Khoa ED - van Huynh, Tuan ED - Ono, Takahito ED - van Nguyen, Hieu ED - Pandey, Ashok Kumar T1 - Planar Sensor Design for Force/Torque Measurement Based on Fiber Optic Sensing T2 - Microactuators, Microsensors and Micromechanisms : MAMM 2024. - (Mechanisms and Machine Science ; 177) N2 - This paper presents a conceptual sensor design for planar force/torque measurement based on fiber optic sensing. The design includes two rigid bodies, one acting as a reference frame and the other as a force/torque transducer. Both bodies are indirectly connected by prestressed segments of a fiber optic sensor, which act as both structural components and sensing elements to detect changes in their optical path lengths. We derive the non-linear model equations describing the overall deformation state of the sensor when subjected to arbitrary force/torque pairs under static conditions. These equations are solved for three different application scenarios: force sensing, torque sensing, and combined force/torque sensing. We outline the measuring range of the sensor and identify ways of influencing this range. Moreover, we discuss the uniqueness of the mapping between the detected lengths of the optical fiber segments and the applied load. In doing so, we provide a promising simulation-based proof of concept for the presented sensor design. KW - fiber optic sensing KW - force/torque sensor KW - TenSens platform Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-031-83356-4 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-83357-1_8 SP - 74 EP - 84 PB - Springer Nature CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Silva, Ewerton F.F. A1 - Maia, Davi M. A1 - Dos Santos, Simone C. A1 - Santana, Alixandre F. ED - Imbrie, P. K. T1 - An Intelligent Tutoring System Proposal Based on Chatbot and Learning Styles to the Project Management Study T2 - 2024 IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE): Washington, D.C., USA, 13. -16.10.2024 N2 - This research full paper proposes an intelligent tutoring system (ITS) to support the study of software project management, considering the students' learning styles. The learning process is a complex and multifaceted phenomenon that varies significantly from one person to another. Everyone absorbs knowledge differently because each has learning characteristics that directly impact the learning process. Ignoring these differences can result in inefficient and demotivating teaching. Therefore, teachers must invest time in understanding each student's learning style, strengths, and weaknesses, which can be overwhelming, especially in classrooms with a high student-teacher ratio. In this scenario, AI-based technology can be a strong ally. For example, chatbot technology offers an opportunity to adapt to these individual differences and to enable a more engaging and friendly approach for students, contributing to an active and interactive learning environment when exercising the role of a study companion and, why not, a bit of study guide. In this context, this paper proposes developing and applying a chatbot-based ITS called Juh to identify each student's learning style and, based on this understanding, present study activities appropriate to their learning style. The ITS uses meaningful learning theory to personalize the learning journey, detecting five profiles: active, constructive, intentional, authentic, and cooperative. This study chose project management (PM) as its knowledge area, particularly project management methodologies, aiming to evaluate the benefits of this research proposal. In this context, this research proposes to answer the following research question: RQ) How can the study of project management be supported actively and interactively, considering the students' learning styles? As its main contribution, the solution aims to offer support in the introduction to the study of project management and improve the learning experience according to the individual characteristics of each student, maximizing the assimilation of knowledge. Therefore, the difference lies in exploring how and what to learn. The solution was developed using the Design Science Research method and the low code Blip platform. After prototyping and evaluating the ITS with PM and education experts, promising points about the approach were observed, with users highlighting improvements in productivity and ease of use of the tutoring system. KW - Chatbot, Learning styles KW - Chatbots KW - Design methodology KW - Education KW - Freeware KW - Intelligent tutoring system KW - Internet telephony KW - Knowledge based systems KW - Monitoring KW - Productivity KW - Project Management KW - Proposals KW - Scalability KW - Software engineering education Y1 - 2024 UR - https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10893385/ SN - 979-8-3503-5150-7 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/FIE61694.2024.10893385 PB - IEEE CY - Piscataway, NJ ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Kruppa, Michael A1 - Thomas, Werner A1 - Reschke, Johannes ED - Khanh, Tran Quoc T1 - Car2X Communication by Embedded Displays - Digital OLED Evolution Part 2 T2 - Proceedings of the 14th International Symposium on Automotive Lighting: ISAL 2021. - (Darmstädter Lichttechnik ; 19) Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.utzverlag.de/assets/pdf/44953dbl.pdf SN - 978-3-8316-4953-2 SP - 453 EP - 463 PB - utzverlag GmbH CY - München ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Reschke, Johannes A1 - Klaußner, Maximilian ED - Khanh, Tran Quoc T1 - Explicit and Implicit Communication for Automated Vehicles T2 - Proceedings of the 14th International Symposium on Automotive Lighting: ISAL 2021. - (Darmstädter Lichttechnik ; 19) Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.utzverlag.de/assets/pdf/44953dbl.pdf SN - 978-3-8316-4953-2 SP - 483 EP - 492 PB - utzverlag GmbH CY - München ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Breyer, Christian A1 - Keiner, Dominik A1 - Abbott, Benjamin W. A1 - Bamber, Jonathan L. A1 - Creutzig, Felix A1 - Gerhards, Christoph A1 - Mühlbauer, Andreas A1 - Nemet, Gregory F. A1 - Terli, Özden T1 - Proposing a 1.0°C climate target for a safer future JF - PLOS Climate N2 - The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change concludes that climate change has already caused substantial damages at the current 1.2°C of global warming and that warming of 1.5°C would elevate risks of a wide-range of climate tipping points. For example, wet-bulb temperatures are already exceeding safe levels, and the melting of the Greenland and West Antartic ice sheets would lead to over ten metres of sea level rise, representing an existential threat to coastal cities, low-lying nation states, and human wellbeing worldwide. We call for a broad scientific discussion about a stricter and more ambitious climate target of 1.0°C by the end of this century. Comprehensive electrification and highly renewable energy systems offer a pathway to sub-1.5°C futures through rapid defossilisation and large-scale, electricity-based carbon dioxide removal. Independent scenarios show that restoring a stable and safe climate is attainable with coordinated policy and economic support. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pclm.0000234 N1 - This work was supported by the Academy of Finland (Grant Ref: 343053) for the project Industrial Emissions & CDR to CB and DK and (Grant Ref: 329313) for the project ‘DAC 2.0’ to CB and DK, by LUT University for the GreenRenew project to CB, and by Antti Wihuri Foundation for the research grant to DK. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. VL - 2 IS - 6 PB - PLOS ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Ritte, Lena-Marie A1 - Mischinger, Stefan A1 - Strunz, Kai A1 - Eckstein, Johannes T1 - Modeling photovoltaic optimized charging of electric vehicles T2 - 2012 3rd IEEE PES innovative smart grid technologies Europe (ISGT Europe 2012) : International conference and exhibition ; Berlin, Germany, 14 - 17 October 2012 N2 - When charged with renewable energy, electric vehicles can reduce the CO2 emissions of the transportation sector. As a result, the German government has set the target of one million electric vehicles by 2020. At the same time, it is predicted that renewable energies will contribute 35 % to the national energy consumption by 2020. Because photovoltaic systems can be connected to the same grid node as electric vehicles, they seem to be the first choice for charging electric vehicles with renewable energies. In this paper, the synergies between photovoltaic systems and electric vehicles will be analyzed from a technical as well as from an economic point of view. Specifically, a model has been developed in order to determine the amount of solar energy used by the electric vehicle, the grid load/feed-in and the cost savings for owners of an electric vehicle and a photovoltaic system. Y1 - 2012 UR - http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6465792/ SN - 978-1-4673-2597-4 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGTEurope.2012.6465792 PB - IEEE CY - Piscataway, NJ ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hollen-Pierobon, Chiara von T1 - Preventing Radicalization at the Local Level: Municipal Perspectives on State-Civil Society Collaboration in Germany JF - Journal for Deradicalization N2 - Collaboration between civil society and state authorities in preventing radicalization has often been met with scepticism in academic debates, particularly due to concerns about power asymmetries, structural inequalities, and the risk of co-optation. While existing literature offers critical insights into national institutional frameworks and their implications for civil society, it frequently overlooks the local dynamics that shape prevention practices on the ground. The paper addresses this gap by examining cooperation between municipal officials and civil society organizations (CSOs) in local preventive efforts, focusing on the relatively understudied case of Germany. Specifically, this pilot study centres on the perspectives of municipal actors rather than directly capturing CSO voices. Drawing on 14 semi-structured interviews with municipal officers in Germany, it explores how collaboration is influenced not only by their formal mandates, but also by individual professional trajectories and locally embedded networks. The findings show that local cooperation in the prevention field is more contingent and negotiated than commonly acknowledged. Enabling factors and persistent challenges - such as lack of trust, divergent expectations, and the limited capacities of smaller CSOs - affect the quality and sustainability of these partnerships. By foregrounding lived experience and first-person perspectives of municipal officials, the paper advances a more grounded and relational understanding of state-civil society collaboration, one that accounts for the hybrid arrangements and interpersonal dynamics through which preventive efforts unfold at the local level. KW - Radicalization Prevention KW - Prevention of Violent Extremism (PVE) KW - Municipal Governance KW - State-Civil Society Collaboration KW - Civil Society Organizations (CSOs) KW - Germany Y1 - 2025 UR - https://journal-derad.com/index.php/jd/article/view/1107 SN - 2363-9849 VL - 44 IS - Fall SP - 125 EP - 158 PB - Modern Security Consulting Group, MOSECON CY - Berlin ER - TY - GEN A1 - Aumer, Wolfgang T1 - Erneuerbare Antriebsenergien in landwirtschaftlichen Maschinen T2 - Fachgespräch Bayerischer Landtag, Ausschuß für Landwirtschaft, Forsten, Ernährung und Heimat, 2026, München N2 - Es wird der aktuelle Stand alternativer Antriebe in der Landwirtschaft und deren Einsatz je nach Leistungsbedarf gezeigt und bewertet. Elektrische, methan- und wasserstoffbasierte Antriebe bieten neue Möglichkeiten, stoßen jedoch bei hohen Leistungsanforderungen an technische Grenzen. Der Markt entwickelt sich dynamisch, mit mehreren bereits verfügbaren Elektro- und Methantraktoren verschiedener Hersteller. Herausforderungen bestehen insbesondere bei Infrastruktur, Energiebedarf und Effizienz der Antriebssysteme. KW - 7749153‑1 KW - Alternative Antriebe in Landmaschinen Y1 - 2026 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-89639 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Talaulicar, Till A1 - Curbach, Janina A1 - Aßländer, Michael S. T1 - Wirtschafts- und Unternehmensethik in Hochschullehre, Forschung und Unternehmen der DACH-Region. Bestandsaufnahme und Thesen JF - Zeitschrift für Wirtschafts- und Unternehmensethik : zfwu = Journal for business, economics & ethics N2 - Im Rahmen des Global Survey of Business Ethics (GSBE) ist eine umfangreiche Bestandsaufnahme der Wirtschafts- und Unternehmensethik in Hochschullehre, Forschung und Unternehmen der DACH-Region (Deutschland, Österreich, Schweiz) vorgenommen worden. Die Erhebung stützt sich auf einen Methodenmix und unterschiedliche Datenquellen, die Informationen über Studienprogramme und Modulbeschreibungen, Buch- und Zeitschriftenpublikationen sowie qualitative Interviews und schriftliche Befragungen des Hochschulsektors und der Unternehmenspraxis umfassen. Der vorliegende Beitrag führt die Teilstudien der DACH-Region zusammen und diskutiert die Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschiede der jeweiligen Befunde. Darüber hinaus werden Thesen erstellt, wie sich die Wirtschafts- und Unternehmensethik in den genannten Bereichen entwickelt hat und welche Folgestudien dazu vielversprechend erscheinen. Y1 - 2025 UR - https://www.inlibra.com/de/document/view/detail/uuid/1ee2b165-874d-32a0-bec6-a31b944f5135 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5771/1439-880X-2025-1-124 SN - 1439-880X SN - 1862-0043 VL - 26 IS - 1 SP - 124 EP - 148 PB - NOMOS ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schultz, Maximilian A1 - Hauer, Franziska A1 - Haug, Sonja A1 - Weber, Karsten ED - Menges, Roland ED - Völkl, Laura ED - Hommerova, Dita T1 - Framework and Strategies for the Deployment of Artificial Intelligence in Public Welfare Organizations T2 - Economy for the Common Good International Conference N2 - Artificial intelligence (AI) has recently become widely accessible through the public availability of large language models, fundamentally altering how organizations engage with digital technologies. While AI has long been researched and applied in commercial and governmental contexts, little is known about how non-governmental organizations (NGOs) engage with these developments. As key actors of civil society, NGOs operate under conditions of limited resources, strong normative commitments, and high accountability requirements, which shape both the opportunities and constraints of AI adoption. This paper examines the conditions and strategies for the use of AI in public-interest-oriented organizations, focusing on NGOs in Germany. It draws on data from the research project Artificial Intelligence in Non-Governmental Organizations (KINiro), conducted between 2023 and 2025, using a mixed-methods design. The empirical basis includes a scoping review, exploratory qualitative interviews, a nationwide quantitative survey (n = 343), and ten in-depth expert interviews across different fields of NGO activity. The findings show that most NGOs are still at an early stage of engaging with AI. Current use is largely limited to low-threshold applications such as text generation, translation, and research support. AI adoption is predominantly driven bottom-up by technology-savvy staff and remains weakly institutionalized. Key barriers include limited time, financial resources, digital competencies, and unresolved governance issues, particularly regarding data protection and responsibility. At the same time, NGOs perceive significant potential for efficiency gains and workload reduction. Overall, the study demonstrates that AI functions less as a purely technical innovation and more as a catalyst for organizational and cultural transformation. Successful implementation depends on leadership support, iterative experimentation, competence building, and the development of enabling governance structures aligned with public-interest values. KW - Künstliche Intelligenz KW - Gemeinwohl KW - Digitalisierung KW - Digitale Transformation KW - Nachhaltigkeit Y1 - 2026 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-101610 SN - 978-80-261-1364-5 SP - 162 EP - 175 PB - University of West Bohemia CY - Pilsen ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Peters, Marie-Sophie A1 - Scheideler, Luisa A1 - Steinbach, Maura Charlie A1 - Luginsland, Zoe A1 - van der Meulen, Nadine A1 - Kücken, Elija Ash T1 - Forschung und Praxis im Dialog BT - Abschlussbericht zum 11. interdisziplinären Workshop „Kritische Sexarbeitsforschung“ JF - Zeitschrift für Sexualforschung N2 - Der jährliche Workshop „Kritische Sexarbeitsforschung” der Gesellschaft für Sexarbeits- und Prostitutionsforschung fand vom 14. bis 16.11.2025 am Institut für Europäische Ethnologie der Universität Wien statt. Promovierende, Post-Docs und Studierende, deren Arbeiten zum Thema Sexarbeit[ 1 ] und Prostitution noch vor der Veröffentlichung stehen, waren die Hauptzielgruppe der diesjährigen Veranstaltung. Y1 - 2026 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2861-4306 SN - 0932-8114 VL - 39 IS - 02 SP - 109 EP - 112 PB - Georg Thieme ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Süzeroglu-Melchiors, Sevim A1 - Baldi, Brigitte T1 - Intellectual Property Joint Ventures: Wie aus Rivalen Partner werden JF - Die News Y1 - 2016 IS - 7 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bader, Martin A. A1 - Süzeroglu-Melchiors, Sevim T1 - F&E-Kooperationen zwischen KMUs und öffentlichen Forschungsinstituten – Erkenntnisse aus den Ansichten von Investoren über die Bedeutung geistigen Eigentums (IP) für Start-ups JF - VPP Rundbrief Y1 - 2023 SP - 15 EP - 22 PB - VPP CY - Erfurt ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bader, Martin A1 - Süzeroglu-Melchiors, Sevim A1 - Kleyn, Madelein A1 - London, Sonja A1 - Schaberg, Ulf G. T1 - Navigating the Intellectual Property Maze: A Guide for Startups and Stakeholders JF - LES nouvelles : journal of the Licensing Executives Society Y1 - 2024 SN - 0270-174X IS - 6 PB - Licensing Executives Society International CY - Richmond, Va. ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Bader, Martin A. A1 - Süzeroglu-Melchiors, Sevim ED - Hoock, Christoph ED - Milde, Sabine T1 - Geistiges Eigentum (IP) als wichtiger Werttreiber für Start-ups und New-Ventures T2 - Schutzrechtsinformationen als Rohstoff für die Wirtschaft von morgen : 45. Kolloquium der Technischen Universität Ilmenau über Patentinformation und gewerblichen Rechtsschutz, PATINFO 2023 proceedings, Ilmenau 14. bis 16. Juni 2023 N2 - Unternehmen aller Größenordnungen werden zwangsläufig irgendwann mit Fra-gen des geistigen Eigentums (IP) konfrontiert, aber Start-ups und New-Ventures stehen vor einzigartigen Herausforderungen und Chancen im Umgang damit. Die Identifizierung, Generierung und Verwertung von geistigem Eigentum führt zu nachhaltigen Wettbewerbsvorteilen und zur Vermeidung von Risiken. Es werden die unterschiedlichen Perspektiven im Umgang mit geistigem Eigentum aus den verschiedenen Blickwinkeln der sechs wichtigsten Stakeholder-Gruppen rund um den Globus vorgestellt: die Sicht von Start-ups, Investoren, etablierten Unterneh-men, Universitäten und Technologietransferzentren, internationalen IP-Institutionen sowie die Anwalts- und Beratersicht. Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.tu-ilmenau.de/fileadmin/Bereiche/Forschung/PATON/PATINFO/patinfo-proceedings-toc.pdf#page=22 SN - 978-3-9324-8826-9 VL - 45 PB - Technische Universität Ilmenau CY - Ilmenau ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Süzeroglu-Melchiors, Sevim A1 - Bader, Martin A. ED - Bader, Martin A. ED - Süzeroglu-Melchiors, Sevim T1 - Wie geistiges Eigentum den Erfolg innovativer Start-ups steigern kann: Ein einführender Überblick T2 - Intellectual Property Management für Start-ups: Werte steigern und Potentiale nutzen N2 - Dieses einleitende Kapitel baut auf dem Thema des Managements geistigen Eigentums und dessen Bedeutung für den Erfolg innovativer Start-ups auf. Es werden bestehende Literatur, Trends und Entwicklungen auf dem Start-up Markt vorgestellt. Der Sammelband gliedert sich in sechs Teile, die den Perspektiven der wichtigsten Interessengruppen im Start-up Ökosystem entsprechen: der Perspektive des Start-ups, der Perspektive der Investoren, der Perspektive des Konzerns, der Perspektive der Universität, der Perspektive des globalen IP-Amts sowie der Perspektive von Beratern. Alle Kapitel werden in komprimierter Form eingeführt und es wird ein Überblick über die behandelten Themen, Fallstudien, Regionen und Branchen sowie über die Erkenntnisse und wichtigsten Ergebnisse aller Beiträge in dieser kompakten Zusammenstellung gegeben. KW - Start-Ups KW - Geistiges Eigentum Y1 - 2026 SN - 978-3-032-09914-3 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-09915-0_1 SP - 1 EP - 27 PB - Springer Gabler CY - Cham ER - TY - THES A1 - Rohr, Madgalena T1 - Validierung generischer Lebensqualitätsinstrumente bei alten und sehr alten Menschen mit Hüftfraktur N2 - Hintergrund und Ziele Für die Messung der gesundheitsbezogenen Lebensqualität (HRQOL) bei Patientinnen und Patienten nach proximaler Femurfraktur (kolloquial Hüftfraktur) sind verschiedene Instrumente im Einsatz, für die es allerdings teilweise nur wenig, widersprüchliche oder keine Evidenz zu deren psychometrischen Messeigenschaften und praktischen Eigenschaften gibt. In dieser Studie untersuchten wir unter Anwendung der COSMIN Empfehlungen a) die Inhaltsvalidität und Machbarkeit von vier generischen Instrumenten zur Messung der HRQOL (SF-12, EQ-5D-5L deskriptives System, Nottingham Health Profile/NHP, WHOQOL-BREF) bei älteren Menschen (≥ 60 Jahre) nach einer Hüftfraktur und b) die Validität, Reliabilität und Änderungssensitivität der zwei am häufigsten in dieser Zielgruppe verwendeten Instrumente (SF-12, EQ-5D) zur Messung der generischen HRQOL. Methoden Für die qualitative Studie (a) rekrutierten wir 32 Patientinnen und Patienten ohne relevante kognitive Beeinträchtigung im Alter von über 60 Jahren während ihres stationären Aufenthaltes nach einer Hüftfraktur (weiblich= 25; Durchschnittsalter= 81 Jahre). Die Patientinnen und Patienten wurden gebeten, bis zu vier HRQOL-Fragebögen auszufüllen. Während die Patientinnen und Patienten die Fragebögen ausfüllten, wurde die think-aloud Technik angewandt, um Probleme bei der Beantwortung zu erkennen. Im Anschluss an die Beantwortung der Fragebögen, wurden die Teilnehmenden mit Hilfe eines semi-strukturierten Interviewleitfadens befragt. Die abgefragten Themen beinhalteten Aspekte der Inhaltsvalidität (Verständlichkeit, Relevanz und Vollständigkeit) und Machbarkeit. Die Interviews wurden aufgezeichnet, verbatim transkribiert und inhaltsanalytisch ausgewertet. Für die quantitative Studie (b) wurden Daten aus einer bevölkerungsbezogenen prospektiven Beobachtungsstudie namens ProFem ausgewertet, die zwischen Januar 2018 und September 2019 konsekutiv Versicherte mit einer proximalen Femurfraktur (PFF) eingeschlossen hat. Für die psychometrische Analyse wurden Primärdaten von Studienteilnehmenden verwendet, die zu den Zeitpunkten T0 (3 Monate nach Krankenhausentlassung) und T1 (6 Monate nach Krankenhausentlassung) eigenständig teilnahmen. Die Gütekriterien zur Zustandsmessung wurden folgendermaßen evaluiert: Machbarkeit und Interpretierbarkeit wurden anhand von fehlenden Werten sowie Decken- und Bodeneffekten beurteilt; strukturelle Validität anhand einer konfirmatorischen Faktorenanalyse (CFA); Konstruktvalidität anhand des known-groups Ansatzes; Diskriminanz- und Konvergenzvalidität anhand von Spearmans Rho (ρ) Korrelationen mit Referenzmaßen; Reliabilität unter Verwendung der internen Konsistenz anhand Cronbachs Alpha (α) (nur für den SF-12). Die Änderungssensitvität als Gütekriterium der Veränderungsmessung wurde mittels eines Konstrukt- und Kriteriums-basierten Ansatzes ermittelt. Ergebnisse Die Ergebnisse der qualitativen Studie (a) zeigten, dass die Teilnehmenden kurze Fragebögen mit einem klaren Layout favorisierten. Nur neun Teilnehmende waren in der Lage, die Fragebögen selbst auszufüllen und nur sechs füllten alle vier Fragebögen aus. Bezüglich der Inhaltsvalidität gab es die größten Probleme bei der Verständlichkeit der Items. Items, die zu vage formuliert waren (häufig beim NHP) und Items ohne Beispiel (beim WHOQOL-BREF) waren schwierig zu verstehen. Ein aus Sicht der Teilnehmenden irrelevantes Beispiel (SF-12 und EQ-5D-5L deskriptives System) oder nicht ausreichende dichotome Antwortkategorien (NHP) begründeten eine fehlende Relevanz desjenigen Items. Das deskriptive System des EQ-5D-5L wurde teilweise als zu oberflächlich und damit nicht als vollständig empfunden. Insgesamt umfassten die Instrumente keine der folgenden von den Teilnehmenden als wichtig für deren HRQOL erachtete Themen: Medikamenteneinnahme, Sehschwierigkeiten und Ernährung. Die Studienteilnehmerinnen und –teilnehmer der quantitativen Studie (b) waren zur Baseline (n= 306) im Durchschnitt 79.1 Jahre alt (69% weiblich). Die anhand der Baseline untersuchten Gütekriterien der Zustandsmessung ergaben folgende Ergebnisse: Beide Instrumente bewiesen eine hohe Machbarkeit und zeigten weder Decken- noch Bodeneffekte. Die CFA zur Beurteilung der strukturellen Validität ergab nur beim EQ-5D-5L einen akzeptablen Modellfit. Bei der Überprüfung der known-groups Validität konnten nur die Unterschiede anhand des subjektiven sozialen Status anhand beider Instrumente signifikant unterschieden werden, was auf eine nur akzeptable known-groups Validität beider Instrumente schließen lies. Anhand der ermittelten ρ-Korrelationen ergab sich eine gute Konvergenz- und Diskriminanzvalidität für den EQ-5D-5L und eine akzeptable für den SF-12. Bezüglich der Reliabilität kann für beide Komponenten des SF-12 eine konsistente Skale angenommen werden. Die Ergebnisse sprachen bei beiden verwendeten Ansätzen und für beide Instrumente für eine geringe Änderungssensitivität. Schlussfolgerung Insgesamt können der EQ-5D-5L und der SF-12 zur Messung der generischen HRQOL bei älteren Hüftfrakturpatient:innen empfohlen werden. Im direkten Vergleich mit dem WHOQOL-BREF und NHP schnitten die beiden Fragebögen bei der Bewertung von Machbarkeit und Inhaltsvalidität am besten ab. Die beiden Instrumente zeigten allerdings Schwächen bei der Überprüfung der weiteren psychometrischen Messeigenschaften, die aber trotzdem als akzeptabel eingestuft wurden. Weitere Studien sollten bedenken, dass sich die Messung der HRQOL anhand eines Fragebogens zum Selbstausfüllen als herausfordernd darstellte, selbst wenn keine oder nur eine leichte kognitive Beeinträchtigung bei den Teilnehmenden vorhanden war. Die Ergebnisse dieser Arbeit können gemeinsam mit der vorliegenden Evidenz aus der Literatur den Konsensusprozess informieren, ein geeignetes Instrument für die Messung der generischen HRQOL bei älteren Hüftfrakturpatient:innen festzulegen. Zukünftige Validierungsstudien sollten die Test-Retest-Reliabilität des SF-12 und EQ-5D erforschen sowie die Schätzung von MID- und MIC-Werten (kleinster bedeutsamer Unterschied bzw. kleinste bedeutsame Veränderung) beinhalten. N2 - Background and aims Various instruments are used to measure health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in patients after proximal femur fracture (colloquial hip fracture), but some of them have little, contradictory or no evidence on their psychometric measurement properties and on feasibility aspects. Using the COSMIN recommendations, this study investigated a) the content validity and feasibility of four generic instruments for measuring HRQOL (SF-12, EQ-5D-5L descriptive system, NHP, WHOQOL-BREF) in older people (≥ 60 years) after hip fracture and b) the validity, reliability and change sensitivity of the two most commonly used instruments (SF-12, EQ-5D) for measuring generic HRQOL in this target group. Methods For the qualitative study (a), we recruited 32 patients without relevant cognitive impairment aged over 60 years during their inpatient stay after hip fracture (female= 25; mean age= 81 years). Patients were asked to complete up to four HRQOL questionnaires. While patients were completing the questionnaires, the think-aloud technique was used to identify problems in answering. After completing the questionnaires, participants were interviewed using a semi-structured interview guide. The topics asked included aspects of content validity (comprehensibility, relevance and completeness) and feasibility. The interviews were recorded, verbatim transcribed and subjected to content analysis. For the quantitative study (b), we analysed data from a population-based prospective observational study called ProFem, which consecutively included insured persons with a proximal femur fracture (PFF) between January 2018 and September 2019. Primary data from study participants who participated on their own at time points T0 (3 months after hospital discharge) and T1 (6 months after hospital discharge) were used for the psychometric analysis. The psychometric properties were evaluated as follows: Feasibility and interpretability were assessed using missing values and ceiling and floor effects; structural validity using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA); construct validity using the known-groups approach; discriminant and convergent validity using Spearman's Rho (ρ) correlations with reference measures; reliability using internal consistency by means of Cronbach's alpha (α) (only for the SF-12). Responsiveness, as a psychometric property in a longitudinal context, was determined using a construct- and criterion-based approach. Results The results of the qualitative study (a) showed that participants favored short questionnaires with a clear layout. Only nine participants were able to complete the questionnaires themselves and only six completed all four questionnaires. In terms of content validity, the problems were most prevalent in the comprehensibility of the items. Items that were formulated too vaguely (often in the NHP) and items without an example (in the WHOQOL-BREF) were difficult to understand. An example that was irrelevant from the participants' point of view (SF-12 and EQ-5D-5L descriptive system) or insufficient dichotomous response categories (NHP) caused a lack of relevance of that item. The EQ-5D-5L descriptive system was partly perceived as too superficial and thus not complete. Overall, none of the following topics considered important by the participants for their HRQOL were included in the instruments: Medication use, visual difficulties and nutrition. The study participants of the quantitative study (b) were on average 79.1 years old (69% female) at baseline (n= 306). Both instruments (SF-12 and EQ-5D-5L) demonstrated high feasibility and showed neither ceiling nor floor effects. The CFA to assess structural validity showed an acceptable model fit only for the EQ-5D-5L. When testing the known-groups validity, only the differences based on subjective social status could be significantly distinguished using both instruments, which indicated an only acceptable known-groups validity for both instruments. Based on the determined ρ-correlations, a good convergence and discriminant validity was found for the EQ-5D-5L and an acceptable one for the SF-12. Regarding reliability, a consistent scale can be assumed for both components of the SF-12. The results indicated poor responsiveness for both instruments using both approaches. Conclusion Overall, the EQ-5D-5L and the SF-12 can be recommended for measuring generic HRQOL in older hip fracture patients. In direct comparison with the WHOQOL-BREF and NHP, the two questionnaires performed better in terms of feasibility and content validity. However, the two instruments showed weaknesses in examining the other psychometric measurement properties, but these were still rated as acceptable. Future studies should consider that measuring HRQOL using a self-completion questionnaire proved to be challenging even when there was no or only mild cognitive impairment among the participants. The results of this work, together with the available evidence from the literature, can inform the consensus process to determine an appropriate instrument for measuring generic HRQOL in older hip fracture patients. Future validation studies should explore test-retest reliability of the SF-12 and EQ-5D-5L and include estimation of MID and MIC (minimal important difference and minimal important change) scores, respectively. KW - Psychometrische Messeigenschaften KW - Gesundheitsbezogene Lebensqualität KW - ältere Menschen KW - Hüftfraktur KW - psychometric properties KW - health-related quality of life KW - elderly KW - hip fracture Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:355-epub-535879 ER - TY - THES A1 - Lehner, Birgit T1 - Autonome Robotik in der stationären Krankenpflege – Herausforderungen für das Gesundheitswesen im dritten Jahrtausend BT - Eine Analyse der technischen, ethischen, rechtlichen und sozialen Probleme mit Betrachtung konfessioneller Krankenhäuser N2 - Der Mangel an Pflegekräften in den Krankenhäusern wird auf absehbare Zeit nicht konventionell zu beheben sein; einen möglichen Ausweg stellen mehr oder weniger autonom agierende Pflegeroboter dar. Dabei sind aber vielerlei sowohl technische als auch finanzielle, rechtliche und ethische Aspekte sowie die Akzeptanz bei Perso-nal und Patienten vom Krankenhausmanagement in einem Einführungsprojekt zu beachten. Da die Entwicklungen hierbei volatil und unsicher sind, ist eine Szenarienanalyse, welche durch eine Literaturrecherche und Experteninterviews vorberei-tet wurde, eine geeignete Methode. Anhand der Szenarien werden kausale Abhängigkeiten zwischen den Einflussfaktoren erarbeitet und daraus Handlungsempfehlungen an das Krankenhausmanagement für eine Einführung generiert. Untersucht wird auch, inwiefern konfessionelle Krankenhäuser hier eine Vorreiterrolle spielen können. KW - Krankenhaus, Pflegeroboter, Pflegepersonal, Pflegebudget, Management im Gesundheitswesen, künstliche Intelligenz, Ethik, Maschinenethik Y1 - 2026 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-100274 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Grifka, Joachim T1 - Lelievres resection of the metatarsal capitulum for correcting deformities of the forefoot in chronic polyarthritis [Meeting Abstract (web of science)] JF - Zeitschrift für Rheumatologie Y1 - 1987 UR - https://epub.uni-regensburg.de/19600/ SN - 1435-1250 SN - 0340-1855 VL - 46 IS - 5 SP - 288 EP - 289 PB - Springer ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Maurer, Julia A1 - Saibold, Anna A1 - Gerl, Katharina A1 - Koller, Michael A1 - Kölbl, Oliver A1 - Pukrop, Tobias A1 - Windschüttl, Sandra A1 - Einhell, Sabine A1 - Herrmann-Johns, Anne A1 - Raptis, Georgios A1 - Müller, Karolina T1 - Entwicklung eines digitalen onkologischen Routinescreenings (ONCO-ROUTES) am Universitären Onkologischen Zentrum Regensburg (UCC-R) BT - Multiprofessionelles Supportivscreening mithilfe von Patient-Reported Outcome Measures (PROM) – Best Practice - Development of a Digital Oncological Routine Screening (ONCO-ROUTES) tool at the University Cancer Center–Regensburg - Multiprofessional supportive screening with patient-reported outcome measures (PROM)—best practice JF - Die Onkologie N2 - Background Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) are playing an increasingly important role in the evaluation of treatment success and progression in oncology. As a result, PROs have also found their way into the German Cancer Society’s certification requirements for oncology centers, among other things, with regard to the provision of supportive therapy. Objective A digital ONCOlogical ROUTinE Screening (ONCO-ROUTES) tool was developed at the University Hospital Regensburg (UKR) to assess the need for supportive therapy in a standardized way and to offer patients supportive therapy that is tailored to their needs. Methods Based on already established processes and current requirements, the development and digitization was carried out in connection with the information technology infrastructure of ONCO-ROUTES with the support of experts in focus groups and interviews. Results The ONCO-ROUTES questionnaire was developed from a routine questionnaire on quality of life and needs already in use at the UKR, and includes the following domains: treatment phase, nutrition, tobacco use, alcohol use, quality of life, general condition/functional status, physical activity, psycho-oncology, social services, and further support needs. By linking the digitized questionnaire to the hospital information system, the results are immediately available in routine surgery and, thus, for the referral of patients for further supportive therapy. Conclusion Digital PROs in particular open up a wide range of clinical applications in oncology centers. ONCO-ROUTES is designed to provide supportive interdisciplinary therapy that is tailored to the patients’ needs. KW - Digitalisierung KW - Digitization KW - Health information interoperability KW - Hospital information systems KW - Interoperabilität von Gesundheitsinformationen KW - Krankenhausinformationssysteme KW - Routine screening/pilot project KW - Routinescreening/Pilotierung KW - Supportive Therapie KW - Supportive therapy Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00761-024-01584-1 VL - 30 IS - 12 SP - 1145 EP - 1151 PB - Springer Nature ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Reichel, Tobias A1 - Gerstner, Mathias A1 - Attenberger, Andreas A1 - Dološ, Klara ED - Aßmuth, Andreas ED - Neumann, Christoph P. ED - Fischer, Sebastian T1 - GNSS Spoofing Simulator T2 - CROSS-SEC 2026: The First International Conference on Cross-Domain Security in Distributed, Intelligent and Critical Systems, Lisbon, Portugal, 19.-23.04.2016 N2 - Modern systems rely heavily on satellite navigation systems for precise positioning, making resilience against spoofing attacks essential. Because satellite navigation signals are openly broadcast and unencrypted, robust anti-spoofing mechanisms must be developed and thoroughly tested. However, existing evaluation methods typically require costly hardware, limiting accessibility for research purposes. This work introduces a fully software-based satellite navigation spoofing simulator thatenables realistic attack emulation and anti-spoofing validation without specialized equipment. It is capable of simulating two different satellite systems on one band at the same time, as well as generating two distinct signals, one for simulating the satellites and one for simulating the satellite navigation Spoofer. Validation results show that software-only spoofing provides an effective, low-cost method for advancing satellite navigation systems security research KW - simulator KW - Spoofing Y1 - 2026 UR - https://www.thinkmind.org/library/CROSS-SEC/CROSS-SEC_2026 SN - 978-1-68558-442-9 SP - 25 EP - 31 PB - IARIA ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Körkel, Stefan ED - Reschetilowski, Wladimir T1 - Design of Experiments in Chemical Reaction Engineering T2 - Handbook of Chemical Reactors N2 - Chemical processes can be described by nonlinear differential equations, typically with unknown model parameters. These models can be fitted to experimental data through parameter estimation. The estimated parameters are subject to statistical uncertainties, which depend on the type of experiments and can be calculated and minimized through optimal experimental design before their execution. In this contribution, these optimization problems are formulated, methods for their solution are discussed, and their effectiveness is demonstrated by applying them to a chemical reaction system. KW - Model validation KW - Nonlinear differential equation models KW - Optimal experimental design KW - Optimization-based modeling KW - Parameter estimation Y1 - 2026 SN - 978-3-662-69920-1 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-69921-8_8 SP - 211 EP - 233 PB - Springer CY - Berlin, Heidelberg ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Herrmann, David A1 - Lehmann, Lukas A1 - Schaeffer, Leon A1 - Pink, Felix A1 - Sen, Subhamoy A1 - Böhm, Valter T1 - Compliant Modular Tensegrity Robotic System with Actuated X-shaped Members T2 - 2026 IEEE 9th International Conference on Soft Robotics (RoboSoft), 07-12 April 2026, Kanazawa, Japan N2 - This paper presents a modular tensegrity-based robotic system with fully integrated actuation inside each compressed member, eliminating external cables and base structures. The design decouples actuation from prestress, enabling precise motion control while preserving high structural compliance and robustness. Experimental investigations demonstrate bio-inspired locomotion modes, such as laternal undulation, rectilinear, and sidewinding. Compared to conventional tensegrity systems, the proposed system offers simplified assembly and adjustable stiffness by replacing the tensioned members. The system’s modularity and self-sufficient actuation enable its functionality as both a manipulator and a locomotion platform, representing an universal tensegrity architecture for diverse robotic applications. KW - Cables KW - Design methodology KW - Joining processes KW - Manipulators KW - Measurement units KW - Modules (abstract algebra) KW - Printing KW - Remote handling KW - Robots KW - Shape Y1 - 2026 SN - 979-8-3315-8215-9 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/RoboSoft67810.2026.11522881 SP - 829 EP - 834 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Lehmann, Lukas A1 - Herrmann, David A1 - Schaeffer, Leon A1 - Mittnacht, Kilian A1 - Sen, Subhamoy A1 - Böhm, Valter T1 - Compliant Modular Tensegrity Manipulator Enabling Seahorse-Like Spiral Grasping T2 - 2026 IEEE 9th International Conference on Soft Robotics (RoboSoft), 07-12 April 2026, Kanazawa, Japan N2 - This paper presents a compliant, modular, tendondriven manipulator based on tensegrity joints. The design and motion are inspired by the structure and spiral-like grasping behavior of the seahorse tail. The characteristic prestress of the tensegrity-structure significantly influences its gripping capabilities and can be precisely adjusted. Additionally, the modular design allows for scalability to meet various application and size requirements. Potential applications include, but are not limited to, soft gripping in human-interactive environments, as well as active or passive structures in biomedical engineering solutions. KW - Bending KW - Deformation KW - Design methodology KW - Grasping KW - Manipulators KW - Planing KW - Printing KW - Remote handling KW - Shape KW - TENDONS Y1 - 2026 SN - 979-8-3315-8215-9 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/RoboSoft67810.2026.11522928 SP - 755 EP - 760 PB - IEEE ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Haug, Sonja ED - Ferber, Markus ED - Schmid, Susanne T1 - Integrationsmonitoring BT - Definitionen, Daten, Beispiele, Einschränkungen JF - Die Asylpolitik der Zukunft N2 - Anhand eines Überblicks über Konzepte zur Integrationsberichterstattung auf Bundes-, Landes- und Kommunalebene wird diskutiert, welche Möglichkeiten das Integrationsmonitoring bietet, um Integrationsgrenzen aufzuzeigen. Kommunales Integrationsmonitoring zeigt anhand nachvollziehbarer Indikatoren Entwicklungen auf. Es bestehen jedoch viele Einschränkungen, so fehlen Angaben zum Asylstatus. Um Handlungsfelder der Integrationspolitik besser abzudecken, sind veränderte Indikatoren und eine kurzfristigere Auswertung erforderlich. KW - Migration KW - Asylpolitik Y1 - 2026 UR - https://www.hss.de/publikationen/die-asylpolitik-der-zukunft-pub2721/ UR - https://www.hss.de/download/publications/AA_105_Asylpolitik_19__Haug.PDF SN - 978-3-88795-639-4 VL - 105 PB - Hanns Seidel Stiftung CY - München ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Amling, Jonas A1 - Slany, Emanuel A1 - Dormagen, Christian A1 - Kretschmann, Marco A1 - Scheele, Stephan ED - Guidotti, Riccardo ED - Schmid, Ute ED - Longo, Luca T1 - Bridging the Interpretability Gap in Process Mining: A Comprehensive Approach Combining Explainable Clustering and Generative AI T2 - Explainable Artificial Intelligence : Third World Conference xAI 2025 Istanbul Turkey July 911 2025 Proceedings Part II N2 - Process mining often yields highly complex “Spaghetti Models”, making them difficult to interpret and impeding informed decision-making. Therefore, researchers have explored clustering of event logs to simplify process models and reduce their complexity. However, the unsupervised nature of clustering can introduce an interpretation gap, necessitating manual effort to identify differences and similarities across the resulting process models. To address these issues, we propose an explainable clustering approach that identifies key subprocesses and applies eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) techniques to clarify the rationale behind model partitioning. Moreover, we integrate a Large Language Model (LLM) into the process discovery procedure to generate natural language descriptions and compare the discovered process models, enhancing user understanding, engagement, and making complex technical details more accessible. A case study demonstrates that our method operates effectively across various LLMs, preserving vital contextual information while simplifying the process discovery workflow. Our findings reveal that larger models generally ensure completeness, whereas smaller ones offer more efficiency at the expense of explanation quality, highlighting the importance of a balanced LLM choice for practical applications. KW - Clustering KW - Process Mining KW - XAI-Supported Clustering Y1 - 2026 SN - 978-3-032-08323-4 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-08324-1_4 SP - 78 EP - 103 PB - Springer Nature CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Ahmeti, Liron A1 - Meyer, Conrad A1 - Dološ, Klara A1 - Attenberger, Andreas A1 - Hackenberg, Rudolf ED - Quesada-Arencibia, Alexis ED - Affenzeller, Michael ED - Moreno-Díaz, Roberto T1 - Towards a Unified Incident Detection and Response System for Autonomous Transportation T2 - Computer Aided Systems Theory – EUROCAST 2024. - 19th International Conference, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain, February 25 – March 1, 2024, Revised Selected Papers, Part II N2 - The ongoing development of autonomous vehicles requires introducing advanced technologies and protocols to ensure road safety and efficiency. Conventional data recording devices in standard vehicles have limitations in data storage and accessibility, which hinders efficient information sharing and analysis. In addition, connected vehicles are vulnerable to targeted attacks that can lead to potential data breaches. EU regulation 2019/2144 has mandated the introduction of standardised data recording systems from 2024 to address these challenges. Based on this, we propose a standardised event detection and response system for autonomous vehicles introducing a Client2X architecture to improve data collection, storage and analysis. This architecture enables efficient machine learning-based event analysis, faster data retrieval and data integrity. An external monitoring system complements the in-vehicle data storage and ensures comprehensive data analysis. The proposed system aims to accelerate incident resolution and improve vehicle safety and data management. Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-031-82959-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-82957-4_6 VL - 15173 SP - 54 EP - 65 PB - Springer Nature Switzerland CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Herrmann, David A1 - Lehmann, Lukas A1 - Schaeffer, Leon A1 - Böhm, Valter ED - Lanteigne, Eric ED - Nokleby, Scott T1 - Tensegrity Manipulator Based on Deformable, Compressed Members T2 - Proceedings of the 2025 CCToMM Symposium on Mechanisms, Machines, and Mechatronics N2 - This paper explores the integration of deformable compressed members into tensegrity structures, focusing on their application in robotic systems. A comprehensive investigation of the mechanical behavior of these members is presented, including their deformation characteristics and the influence of geometric parameters. The analysis demonstrates that these compliant members can be used for actuation within tensegrity structures without plastic deformation. Two different tensegrity structures, based on the needle tower topology, are employed to analyze the workspace and manipulation capabilities. Experimental validation is provided through a prototype incorporating the actuated compressed members, showcasing their potential for defined manipulation and tilting motions in the structure. The findings suggest that the proposed system can achieve precise and controlled deformation, enabling innovative applications in soft robotics and deployable structures. The results provide insights into the design and actuation of fully compliant tensegrity systems, offering a foundation for future research and practical implementations. Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-031-95488-7 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-95489-4_2 VL - 184 SP - 16 EP - 27 PB - Springer Nature CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Saffert, Anne-Sophie A1 - Kosara, Gabriel A1 - Linner, Thomas ED - Chen, Qian ED - Lee, Gaang ED - Liang, Ci-Jyun ED - Zhang, Jiansong ED - Kamat, Vineet T1 - Investigation of Spraying process: a Simulation-based Comparison of Human Approach and Robotic Application T2 - Proceedings of the 43rd International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction, Singapore, 22. - 26.06.2026 N2 - The construction industry faces low productivity, high physical workload, and workforce shortages, especially in repetitive tasks like wall and ceiling spraying. Despite the potential of construction robotics, adoption is limited by insufficient process-oriented development and lack of systematic performance validation. This study evaluates robotic assistance on ergonomics and efficiency using a digital process twin combining a digital human model with motion-captured movements. Manual, semi-automated, and fully automated spraying processes were assessed for ergonomic risk (EAWS), process duration, and worker pathway length. Manual ceiling spraying posed the highest risk (EAWS = 102), while robotic assistance reduced physical strain (EAWS ≤ 7.5), musculoskeletal load, and walking distances. Humans completed small-scale tasks faster, but robots provided consistent workflows with minimal intervention. The process-simulation-based method offers a targeted approach to optimize robotic integration in construction, transferable to other processes. Results highlight the trade-off between process duration and ergonomic safety, demonstrating that human-centered automation can improve worker health, retention, and efficiency. KW - Construction Automation KW - Economics KW - Ergonomics KW - Human-Centered Work Design KW - Occupational Health KW - Process Simulation KW - Robotic Spraying Y1 - 2026 U6 - https://doi.org/10.22260/ISARC2026/0122 SP - 946 EP - 953 PB - International Association for Automation and Robotics in Construction (IAARC)Singapore ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Herrmann, David A1 - Lehmann, Lukas A1 - Schaeffer, Leon A1 - Schmitt, Lukas A1 - Jochum, Manuel A1 - Weigert, Paul A1 - Böhm, Valter T1 - Compliant Tensegrity Robotic Arm with Continuously Adjustable Stiffness for Versatile Operation T2 - 2025 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS), Hangzhou, China, 19.10.2025 - 25.10.2025 N2 - This paper presents a compliant tensegrity robotic arm design that overcomes limitations related to stiffness variation and cascaded actuation. Due to the special design and actuation strategy, the system offers a large workspace using a small number of actuators and system parts. Key features include intrinsic compliance, enhanced stability in various configurations, and a modular tendon-driven actuation system that facilitates continuous stiffness adjustment for adaptive manipulation tasks. The system’s kinematics and actuation strategy are validated experimentally. Results demonstrate an increased workspace and precise control, offering potential applications in dynamic and human-interactive environments. KW - Actuators KW - Adaptation models KW - Adaptive systems KW - Intelligent robots KW - Kinematics KW - Manipulators KW - Nonlinear dynamical systems KW - Payloads KW - Predictive models KW - Stability analysis Y1 - 2025 SN - 979-8-3315-4393-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/IROS60139.2025.11246578 SP - 21651 EP - 21656 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Chow, Rosan ED - Ruf, Oliver ED - Hensel, Thomas ED - Grabbe, Lars Christian T1 - Hypotheses in Design Research T2 - Handbuch Designwissenschaft Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-476-02676-7 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-476-05600-9_14 SP - 151 EP - 157 PB - J.B. Metzler CY - Stuttgart ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schiek, Roland T1 - Cubic Nonlinear Susceptibility Tensor in Lithium Niobate [From the session: Lithium Niobate and Advanced Applications (W1A)] BT - [From the session: Lithium Niobate and Advanced Applications (W1A)] T2 - Optica Nonlinear Optics (NLO) 2025, Honolulu, Hawaii United States, 4.–7. August 2025 N2 - Cubic nonlinear susceptibility tensor elements for polarization along the primary crystallographic axis in lithium niobate were measured. Results from self-phase modulation at extreme power and nonlinear wave propagation in coupled waveguides confirm the results. KW - Lithium niobate KW - Optical amplifiers KW - Phase shift KW - susceptibility KW - Wave propagation KW - Waveguides Y1 - 2025 UR - https://opg.optica.org/abstract.cfm?URI=NLO-2025-W1A.3 PB - Optica Publishing Group ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmiedt, Anja Bettina T1 - Learning from the few: Predicting rare events in large-scale actuarial data T2 - ASTIN Bulletin Conference 2026, January 14-16, 2026: Abstracts Y1 - 2026 UR - https://people.math.ethz.ch/~wmario/Lecture/ASTINBulletinConference/Abstracts2026.pdf PB - ETH Zürich ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bruckmeier, Dominik T1 - Heavy-tailed generalized Pareto distribution: Estimation methods and implications [Abstract] T2 - ASTIN Bulletin Conference 2026, January 14-16, 2026: Abstracts Y1 - 2026 UR - https://people.math.ethz.ch/~wmario/Lecture/ASTINBulletinConference/Abstracts2026.pdf SP - 20 PB - ETH Zürich ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hointza, Sebastian A1 - Schickhuber, Gerald A1 - Bruckmann, Manfred ED - Stolle, Reinhard T1 - A report regarding the development of an active Plasma-Speaker suitable for HiFi applications T2 - Applied Research Conference 2025 (ARC 2025), Conference Proceedings, 4th July 2025, Technical University of Applied Sciences Augsburg N2 - This report details the design and development of an active plasma speaker intended for hi-fi audio applications. The system is built around a voltage-controlled, frequency-modulated PWM generator using the SG3525 IC, which encodes analog audio signals onto a PWM signal for driving the power stage. This modulator’s final version offers an improved frequency range, signal stability and simplified construction. The power stage features a centre-tapped transformer topology, refined from an capacitive half-bridge topology to significantly reduce switching losses and heat buildup. Power supply filtering has been implemented to ensure the clean operation of both the modulator and the switching stages. This uses low-pass LC filters that are optimized for the operating frequency range. The high-voltage transformer, initially sourced from a CRT unit, is being replaced with a custom-designed unit offering greater reliability and insulation performance. This new transformer utilizes a 3D-printed bobbin and vacuum-poured resin. Regarding the spark gap, an enclosure has been developed to safely house the arc while enabling efficient sound transmission. This included the use of heat- and voltage-resistant materials and integration with standard horn mounts. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.60524/opus-2588 SP - 167 EP - 172 PB - Technical University of Applied Sciences Augsburg, Faculty of Electrical Engineering ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Haslinger, Thomas ED - Stolle, Reinhard T1 - Evaluating Log Visualizations for Error Detection: An Eye-Tracking and User-Centered Approach T2 - Applied Research Conference 2025 (ARC 2025), Conference Proceedings, 4th July 2025, Technical University of Applied Sciences Augsburg N2 - The visual representation of log data plays a decisive role in the detection of errors in complex systems. This study uses eye-tracking and user-centered methods to investigate which design features of log visualizations support troubleshooting. Four different visualization variants were tested in a controlled study with 16 participants, whereby both objective (eye movements, recognition times) and subjective (questionnaires) data were collected. The results show that color-highlighted labels and reduced visual distractions can significantly improve error detection - especially in simple search tasks. For more complex tasks such as category-specific error searches, the differences were less clear. In addition, a non-linear search process was confirmed, which takes place in two phases - coarse and fine search. The study provides practical design recommendations for the optimization of log representations Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.60524/opus-2588 SP - 255 EP - 260 PB - Technical University of Applied Sciences Augsburg, Faculty of Electrical Engineering ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Langer, Marcel A1 - Schien, Thomas A1 - Harth, Michael A1 - Kates, Ronald A1 - Bogenberger, Klaus T1 - An Improved Moving Observer Method for Traffic Flow Estimation at Signalized Intersections T2 - 2020 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV), 19 October 2020 - 13 November 2020, Las Vegas, NV, USA N2 - With the deployment of partially and highly automated vehicles, the automotive industry is greatly increasing its influence on road traffic. In order to ensure a positive influence of automated vehicles on traffic efficiency as well as traffic safety, simulations are broadly used for the development and testing of the required functions. Since these simulations are applied to evaluate the behavior of an automated driving function in the real world, an exact representation of the real world in the simulation is essential for the validity of the generated results. Therefore, there is a need for methods with which certain parameters of real-world situations may be quantified and applied to a simulation. In this work, we propose an approach to measure traffic flow and estimate the traffic state in a network based on extended floating car data. For this purpose, the data concerning the movement of the tracked vehicles is combined with the data regarding surrounding traffic gathered by the vehicles' sensors. The aim of this combination is to achieve an accurate traffic observation on urban as well as rural roads with a minimal number of test vehicles gathering the data. The application of the method to simulated traffic results in an accurate estimation of the traffic volume. The functionality is also demonstrated based on a limited sample of real-world test data. KW - connected vehicles KW - Databases KW - Detectors KW - Estimation KW - Observers KW - Roads KW - TRACKING Y1 - 2020 SN - 978-1-7281-6673-5 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/IV47402.2020.9304762 SP - 1498 EP - 1503 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Goldberg, Boris ED - Schöpf, Nicolas T1 - Das Konzept des Integrierten Dezentralen Berufsbegleitenden Bachelorstudiengangs Soziale Arbeit - Rechtliche und hochschulstrategische Hintergründe T2 - Akademische Weiterbildung für soziale Berufe Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.wiso-net.de/document/WBVE__d6553be2af1059f70aa0a3313e24333cca99dd2e SN - 9783763966479 SP - 43 EP - 53 PB - WEKA Media GmbH & Co. KG CY - Bielefeld ER - TY - CHAP A1 - von Sommoggy, Julia A1 - Grepmeier, Eva-Maria A1 - Curbach, Janina ED - Rathmann, Katharina ED - Dadaczynski, Kevin ED - Okan, Orkan ED - Messer, Melanie T1 - Gesundheitskompetenz-orientierte Versorgung durch Gesundheitsfachkräfte T2 - Gesundheitskompetenz N2 - Gesundheitskompetenz (GK), als Fähigkeit Gesundheitsinformationen zu beziehen, diese verstehen, bewerten und anwenden zu können, hat entscheidenden Einfluss auf Gesundheitschancen und -ergebnisse von Individuen. Dieses Kapitel beschäftigt sich damit, wie Gesundheitsfachkräfte die GK ihrer Patient*innen berücksichtigen und fördern können. GK-orientierte Versorgung wird vorgestellt als Kernelement einer organisationalen GK, durch die Einrichtungen und Personen im Gesundheitssystem die Patient*innen unterstützen, sich besser zurecht zu finden und informierte Entscheidungen in Bezug auf ihre Gesundheit zu fällen. Im Anschluss werden zentrale Herausforderungen und wirksame Maßnahmen für eine Umsetzung von GK-orientierter Versorgung durch Gesundheitsfachkräfte beschrieben, wie z. B. Strategien zur professionellen Einschätzung der GK von Patient*innen und Potenziale einer gezielten Ausbildung der Fachkräfte zu GK-orientierten Beratungstechniken. Y1 - 2023 SN - 978-3-662-67054-5 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-67055-2_143 SP - 805 EP - 812 PB - Springer CY - Berlin ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Holzer-Schulz, Lisa A1 - Heckner, Markus A1 - Plach, Ulrike ED - Witt, Theresia ED - Herrmann, Carmen ED - Mrohs, Lorenz ED - Brodel, Hannah ED - Lindner, Konstantin ED - Maidanjuk, Ilona T1 - Diversity meets Digitalisierung: Lernen mit- und voneinander im Zusatzstudium ›Digital Skills‹ der OTH Regensburg T2 - Diversität und Digitalität in der Hochschullehre: Innovative Formate in digitalen Bildungskulturen N2 - Die Studierendenschaft an Hochschulen ist durch eine hohe Diversität geprägt. Gleichzeitig besteht bei der heterogenen Gruppe der Studierenden die Gemeinsamkeit einer beruflichen Zukunft in einer von Digitalisierung geprägten Arbeitswelt. Im Zusatzstudium Digital Skills der OTH Regensburg werden Studierenden aller Fachrichtungen begleitend zu ihrem regulären Fachstudium sogenannte ›Future Skills‹ vermittelt. Die Interdisziplinarität des Lehrangebots stellt die Lehrenden vor didaktische Chancen und Herausforderungen. Als Antwort auf die studentische Diversität werden im Zusatzstudium die folgenden didaktischen Gestaltungselemente umgesetzt: 1) Blended-Learning-Format 2) Peer-to-Peer-Coaching 3) tutorielles Angebot 4) interdisziplinäre Projektarbeit in der Gruppe. N2 - The student body at universities is characterized by a high level of diversity. At the same time, this heterogeneous group of students has one thing in common: A professional future in a working environment characterized by digital technologies. In the elective Digital Skills program at OTH Regensburg, students from all disciplines can acquire so-called ›future skills‹ alongside their regular studies. The interdisciplinary nature of the program presents instructors with didactic opportunities and challenges. In response to student diversity, the following didactic design elements are implemented in the elective program: 1) blended learning approach 2) peer-to-peer coaching 3) tutorials 4) interdisciplinary team project. KW - Blended Learning KW - Digitalisierung KW - digitalization KW - Diversität KW - diversity KW - Future Skills KW - Individualisierung KW - individualization KW - interdisciplinary KW - Interdisziplinarität Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.inlibra.com/de/10.14361/9783839469385-015 SN - 978-3-8376-6938-1 SP - 193 EP - 204 PB - transcript CY - Bielefeld ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Slany, Emanuel A1 - Scheele, Stephan A1 - Schmid, Ute ED - Nowaczyk, Sławomir ED - Biecek, Przemysław ED - Chung, Neo Christopher ED - Vallati, Mauro ED - Skruch, Paweł ED - Jaworek-Korjakowska, Joanna ED - Parkinson, Simon ED - Nikitas, Alexandros ED - Atzmüller, Martin ED - Kliegr, Tomáš ED - Schmid, Ute ED - Bobek, Szymon ED - Lavrac, Nada ED - Peeters, Marieke ED - van Dierendonck, Roland ED - Robben, Saskia ED - Mercier-Laurent, Eunika ED - Kayakutlu, Gülgün ED - Owoc, Mieczyslaw Lech ED - Mason, Karl ED - Wahid, Abdul ED - Bruno, Pierangela ED - Calimeri, Francesco ED - Cauteruccio, Francesco ED - Terracina, Giorgio ED - Wolter, Diedrich ED - Leidner, Jochen L. ED - Kohlhase, Michael ED - Dimitrova, Vania T1 - Bayesian CAIPI: A Probabilistic Approach to Explanatory and Interactive Machine Learning T2 - Artificial Intelligence. ECAI 2023 International Workshops N2 - Explanatory Interactive Machine Learning queries user feedback regarding the prediction and the explanation of novel instances. CAIPI, a state-of-the-art algorithm, captures the user feedback and iteratively biases a data set toward a correct decision-making mechanism using counterexamples. The counterexample generation procedure relies on hand-crafted data augmentation and might produce implausible instances. We propose Bayesian CAIPI that embeds a Variational Autoencoder into CAIPI’s classification cycle and samples counterexamples from the likelihood distribution. Using the MNIST data set, where we distinguish ones from sevens, we show that Bayesian CAIPI matches the predictive accuracy of both, traditional CAIPI and default deep learning. Moreover, it outperforms both in terms of explanation quality. KW - CAIPI KW - Explanatory Interactive Machine Learning KW - Image Classification KW - Variational Autoencoders Y1 - 2024 SN - 978-3-031-50395-5 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-50396-2_16 VL - 1947 SP - 285 EP - 301 PB - Springer Nature CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Scharf, Anna ED - Rolfes, Vasilija ED - Scharf, Anna ED - Gerhards, Helene ED - Cerullo, Laura ED - Weber, Karsten T1 - Was war, was ist und was werden könnte: Frauenpaare in der Reproduktionsmedizin in Deutschland T2 - Reproduktionszukünfte N2 - 2019 wurden 345 im IVF-Register dokumentierte reproduktionsmedizinische Behandlungszyklen bei Frauenpaaren in Deutschland durchgeführt. Insgesamt besteht in Deutschland ein Forschungsdefizit zu Kinderwunsch bei Frauenpaaren. Um die vergangene und daraus resultierende aktuelle Situation von Frauenpaaren im Kontext der Kinderwunscherfüllung durch assistierte reproduktive Techniken (ART) darzustellen, werden relevante Richtlinien und Gesetzestexte in ihrer jeweils aktuellen Fassung betrachtet. Auf Basis der Parteiwahlprogramme der amtierenden Regierungsparteien und des Koalitionsvertrags von 2021 wird ein Ausblick vorgenommen. Es zeigt sich, dass Frauenpaare in der Vergangenheit in der Reproduktionsmedizin Diskriminierung erfahren haben und diese weiterhin erfahren. Obgleich sie nicht mehr gänzlich von ART ausgeschlossen werden, werden sie in Deutschland nicht flächendeckend behandelt. Ebenso haben sie kaum Zugang zu finanziellen Fördermöglichkeiten bei ART. Zudem gibt es keine Grundlage für die automatische Mutterschaft analog zur Vaterschaft der (Ehe-)Partnerin der gebärenden Frau. Im Koalitionsvertrag wurden u. a. die Öffnung der Fördermöglichkeiten der ART für Frauenpaare und die automatische Anerkennung der rechtlichen Mutterschaft der Ehefrau der gebärenden Frau festgeschrieben. Der für 2022 angekündigte Vorschlag zur Familienrechtsreform blieb jedoch bis dato aus. Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-658-46299-4 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-46300-7_5 SP - 101 EP - 125 PB - Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Wissing, Julio A1 - Scheele, Stephan A1 - Mohammed, Aliya A1 - Kolossa, Dorothea A1 - Schmid, Ute ED - Guarda, Teresa ED - Portela, Filipe ED - Augusto, Maria Fernanda T1 - HiMLEdge – Energy-Aware Optimization for Hierarchical Machine Learning T2 - Advanced Research in Technologies, Information, Innovation and Sustainability: Second International Conference, ARTIIS 2022, Santiago de Compostela, Spain, September 12–15, 2022, Revised Selected Papers, Part II N2 - Smart sensor systems are a key factor to ensure sustainable compute by enabling machine learning algorithms to be executed at the data source. This is particularly helpful when working with moving parts or in remote areas, where no tethered deployment is possible. However, including computations directly at the measurement device places an increased load on the power budget. Therefore, we introduce the Hierarchical Machine Learning framework “HiMLEdge” which enables highly specialized models that are tuned using an energy-aware multi-criteria optimization. We evaluate our framework with prognostic health management in a three-part feasibility study: First, we apply an exhaustive search to find hierarchical taxonomies, which we benchmark against hand-tuned flat classifiers. This test shows a decrease in power consumption of up to 47.63% for the hierarchical approach. Second, the search strategy is improved with Reinforcement Learning. As a novel contribution, we include real measurements in the reward function, instead of using a surrogate metric. This inclusion leads to a different optimal policy in comparison to the literature, which shows the error that may be introduced by an approximation. Third, we conduct tests on the system level, including communication and system-off power draw. In this scenario, the optimized hierarchical model can perform four times as many readings per hour as a flat classifier while achieving the same five years of battery life with similar accuracy. In turn, this also means that the battery life can be increased by the same amount if the readings per hour are kept constant. Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-3-031-20315-2 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-20316-9_2 VL - 1676 SP - 15 EP - 29 PB - Springer Nature Switzerland CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Blödt, Adrian A1 - Höller, Christoph A1 - Schneider, Martin ED - Leistner, Philip T1 - Kenngrößen zur Beschreibung elastisch gebundener Schüttungen T2 - Tagungsband, DAGA 2022 - 48. Jahrestagung für Akustik. - 21.-24. März 2022, Stuttgart und Online Y1 - 2022 UR - https://pub.dega-akustik.de/DAGA_2022/data/articles/000144.pdf SN - 978-3-939296-20-1 SP - 304 EP - 307 PB - Deutsche Gesellschaft für Akustik e.V CY - Berlin ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Weber, Karsten A1 - Mücke, Vanessa ED - Heidl, Christian ED - Brandt, Hanna ED - Weber, Karsten T1 - Stakeholder*innennetzwerke, Nachhaltigkeit und Anschlussfähigkeit von Forschungsprojekten: Über Erfahrungen aus der Arbeit in DeinHaus 4.0 Oberpfalz - TePUS T2 - Pflegekultur Im Wandel: Digitale Technologien Machtstrukturen und Migration Im Gesundheitssektor T3 - Regensburger Beiträge zur Digitalisierung des Gesundheitswesens - 6 Y1 - 2025 UR - https://www.inlibra.com/de/10.14361/9783839469385-015 SN - 978-3-8394-7696-3 SP - 291 EP - 306 PB - transcript CY - Bielefeld ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schön, Matthias A1 - Hipp, Susanne ED - Stolle, Reinhard T1 - Evaluation of FPGA-based Direction-of-Arrival Estimation T2 - Applied Research Conference 2025 (ARC 2025), Conference Proceedings, 4th July 2025, Technical University of Applied Sciences Augsburg N2 - Knowledge of the direction-of-arrival (DoA) is crucial for a wide variety of tasks and fields, like mobile communication. While state-of-the-art array signal processing techniques can be utilized for super-resolution DoA estimation, they often require significant computational resources, especially in applications that demand real-time performance. Field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) are a promising technology for such scenarios, as they allow the implementation of specialized, real-time capable hardware accelerators. In this article, the Bartlett, Capon, MUSIC, and ESPRIT beamformers are simulated and compared using MATLAB and Julia. The Bartlett beamformer is implemented using Vitis High-Level Synthesis (HLS). It is then measured and compared to the simulation results. Y1 - 2026 U6 - https://doi.org/10.60524/opus-2588 SP - 347 EP - 352 PB - Technical University of Applied Sciences Augsburg, Faculty of Electrical Engineering ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Viethen, Severin ED - Stolle, Reinhard T1 - Simulation of a BLDC Motor with PLECS T2 - Applied Research Conference 2025 (ARC 2025), Conference Proceedings, 4th July 2025, Technical University of Applied Sciences Augsburg N2 - In the context of the energy transition and the growing demand for energy-efficient drive systems, brushless DC (BLDC) motors are gaining importance due to their high power density and low maintenance requirements. This work aimed to develop and validate a complete simulation model of a BLDC motor, including its inverter and control unit, within the MATLAB/Simulink environment using the PLECS add-on package. The modelling is based on a mathematical equivalent circuit diagram, incorporating Back-EMF, Hall sensor signals, and commutation behaviour. For validation, the simulation results were compared with the datasheet specifications of a real-world motor (Faulhaber 2214_024_BXT_H). In the no-load test, the model showed only minor deviations in speed and current consumption, indicating a successful implementation and correct functioning of key subsystems, particularly the commutation logic. This work confirms the general suitability of the chosen simulation approach for the efficient pre-development of BLDC-based drive systems. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.60524/opus-2588 SP - 335 EP - 340 PB - Technical University of Applied Sciences Augsburg, Faculty of Electrical Engineering ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schamel, Marco ED - Stolle, Reinhard T1 - From natural gas to renewables: Decarbonization of From natural gas to renewables: Decarbonization of Algeria's power sector amidst the green hydrogen rush T2 - Applied Research Conference 2025 (ARC 2025), Conference Proceedings, 4th July 2025, Technical University of Applied Sciences Augsburg N2 - This paper investigates the implications of green hydrogen production on Algeria’s future electricity system using the open-source PyPSA-Earth modeling framework. Three decarbonization scenarios are analyzed for 2050: (i) electricity-only, (ii) moderate hydrogen production for domestic industry, and (iii) large-scale hydrogen production for export. Results show that all pathways require a significant scale-up of solar PV capacity, with hydrogen ambitions driving further increases in generation, storage, and transmission infrastructure. The spatial mismatch between renewable resources in the south and demand centers along the coast leads to substantial north–south grid expansion needs, particularly for domestic hydrogen use. In contrast, hydrogen exports can leverage existing inland gas pipelines, offering co-benefits through infrastructure repurposing. The study highlights how hydrogen strategies shape power system design and emphasizes the need for integrated planning of electricity and gas networks to support a cost-effective, renewables-based energy transition in Algeria. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.60524/opus-2588 SP - 184 EP - 188 PB - Technical University of Applied Sciences Augsburg, Faculty of Electrical Engineering ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Lehner, Hannes A1 - Dawoud, Belal A1 - Weindler, Jeremy ED - Stolle, Reinhard T1 - Modeling and Parameter Fitting of Proton Exchange Membrane Electrolyzers T2 - Applied Research Conference 2025 (ARC 2025), Conference Proceedings, 4th July 2025, Technical University of Applied Sciences Augsburg N2 - The transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources requires efficient energy conversion and storage technologies, with hydrogen having great potential as a medium- to long-term storage solution. Proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyzers are particularly well-suited for producing green hydrogen from renewable energy thanks to their rapid response to fluctuating power inputs. Precise modeling of PEM electrolyzers is crucial for optimizing their performance and developing effective control strategies. Consequently, various models are developed in the literature, ranging from simple to highly precise models. In this work, four electrolyzers out of the literature are modeled in terms of their electrochemical behavior using a semi-empirical model that is widely applied in the literature. The required electrochemical parameters are identified using a particle swarm optimization algorithm. Furthermore, the thermal behavior of two electrolyzers is characterized, with the necessary thermal parameters being determined based on experimental data. The obtained electrochemical parameters should be in the range close to the reference data, which is not fullfilled for all of the obtained parameters. Nevertheless, the calculated polarization curves based on these parameters show excellent agreement with the experimental data, exhibiting mean average percentage errors of less than one percent. The thermal characteristics of the investigated stacks are also represented very precicely by the model based on the identified thermal parameters. The obtained thermal parameters indicate that the thermal capacitance of the stack increases with enhanced nominal power, while the thermal resistance decreases as the nominal power increases. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.60524/opus-2588 SP - 173 EP - 178 PB - Technical University of Applied Sciences Augsburg, Faculty of Electrical Engineering ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Oberbauer, Louis A1 - Schaeffer, Leon A1 - Böhm, Valter ED - Stolle, Reinhard T1 - Development of a test setup for experimental characterisation of dynamic prestressed compliant hand orthoses without conventional joints T2 - Applied Research Conference 2025 (ARC 2025), Conference Proceedings, 4th July 2025, Technical University of Applied Sciences Augsburg N2 - The hand is one of the most anatomically complex parts of the human body due to its wide range of independent movements. The multi axial movement space of the hand is based on the wrist joint. An injury in this important body part often requires medical intervention in the form of a hand orthosis, which restricts the movement space of a patient’s hand to prevent further damage to internal bones and ligaments. The hand orthosis in this research project is based on the principle of tensegrity structures, which allows for multi axial movement of the hand, without using conventional joint elements. In addition to the theoretical simulation of this medical device a test stand was developed to investigate the experimental characteristics of the orthosis. By replicating a human hand with an attached orthosis, the test rig enables experimental measurements on joint deflection and basic muscle and wrist forces via a cable-based actuating system. To achieve more precise measurements and improved operability of the test stand, the wiring of the electrical components was optimized, as well as improvements in measurement and control engineering, were implemented. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.60524/opus-2588 SP - 141 EP - 146 PB - Technical University of Applied Sciences Augsburg, Faculty of Electrical Engineering CY - Augsburg ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Rösel, Birgit T1 - Erfahrungen und Schlussfolgerungen nach drei Semestern Online-Lehre in einem Grundkurs Regelungstechnik T2 - Wissenstransfer im Spannungsfeld von Autonomisierung und Fachkräftemangel, 18. AALE-Konferenz, 09.03.-11.03.2022 N2 - Vorgestellt wird ein Konzept für einen Grundkurs Regelungstechnik, der die Erfahrungen nach drei Semestern Online-Lehre aufgreift. Die Basis ist die Vermittlung des theoretischen Wissens über Lehrtexte und Screencasts. Ergänzend wurden die Übungen in Fragestunden und die eigentliche Diskussion der Lösungen aufgeteilt, um aktivierende Methoden intensiver einsetzen zu können und nachhaltigeren Lernerfolg zu erreichen. Durch die Vielzahl von Lehrformen ergibt sich die Notwendigkeit, die Struktur des Moduls explizit zu thematisieren. Der Beitrag vergleicht dabei zwei verschiedene Ansätze und stellt eine dafür gut geeignete Skriptform vor. Im Beitrag wird auf die letzten drei Semester und die jeweils vorgenommene Studierendenbefragung Bezug genommen. Außerdem wird die Problematik bei der Wiederverwendung von Screencasts thematisiert. Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:l189-qucosa2-776075 SN - 9783910103009 PB - Hochschule für Technik, Wirtschaft und Kultur Leipzig ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Borgetto, Bernhard A1 - Pfingsten, Andrea ED - Schröder, Helmut ED - Kopkow, Christian ED - Waltersbacher, Andrea ED - Bachayov, Nadescha ED - Schreyögg, Jonas T1 - Akademisierung und Professionalisierung der Ergotherapie, Logopädie und Physiotherapie. Folgen und Wirkungen für die Versorgung T2 - Heilmittel-Report 2026: Qualität der Heilmittelversorgung N2 - Die veränderten Anforderungen und Bedarfe in der Gesundheitsversorgung und deren Zunahme an Komplexität erfordern eine Weiterentwicklung der interprofessionellen Kooperation und der Qualifikationen der Gesundheitsberufe. Ansonsten droht ein zunehmender Qualitätsverlust in der Versorgung. Daher hat sich auch eine anhaltende Diskussion um die Akademisierung der Therapieberufe Ergotherapie, Logopädie und Physiotherapie entwickelt. Nach mehr als 15 Jahren Modellphase und einer positiven Evaluation zeichnet sich ab, dass in den nächsten Jahren tatsächlich eine grundlegende Reform der Berufsgesetze umgesetzt werden könnte. Internationale Erfahrungen und Studien verweisen darauf, dass die Einführung des Direktzugangs in vielen Ländern ein zentraler Reformbaustein war, der die Versorgungsqualität, die Versorgungseffizienz und die Versorgungssicherheit verbessert hat. In der Regel ist dem Direktzugang international eine Akademisierung der Therapieberufe vorausgegangen. Auch in Deutschland wird eine Akademisierung als Voraussetzung für einen Direktzugang diskutiert. Mit einem entsprechenden Reformansatz und Ausbau der Studienplätze in diesem Bereich könnte ein großer Schritt in Richtung Verbesserung der Heilmittelversorgung gegangen werden. Y1 - 2026 SN - 978-3-662-73465-0 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-73466-7_7 SP - 83 EP - 92 PB - Springer CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Buchner, Philipp A1 - Kaiser, Alexander A1 - Hausladen, Matthias A1 - Bartl, Mathias A1 - Asgharzade, Ali A1 - Musazay, Abdurrahman A1 - Edler, Simon A1 - Schreiner, Rupert T1 - On-chip field emission electron source with silicon nanowire emitters, integrated gate electrodes, and benzocyclobutene as insulation material JF - Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B N2 - Silicon nanowire field emitters were fabricated on top of microtubes on a silicon chip (dimensions including contact pads: 8 × 8 mm). There are 2437 microtubes (diameter: 8 μm, height: 30 μm, spacing: 40 μm) in the array over an area of 3.38 mm2. A process was developed to create an integrated metal gate for the extraction electrode. This involved coating the emitters with a uniform benzocyclobutene layer and fabricating a titanium/nickel extraction gate using lift-off. A plasma etching process was used to selectively remove the benzocyclobutene anisotropically around the microtubes, ensuring the preservation of the emitters and the extraction gate. The design reduces the capacitance between the cathode and gate and maximizes the length of the leakage paths between the cathode and gate. This reduces the overall risk of discharges between the two electrodes as well as the energy stored in the system for a given extraction voltage. The electron sources demonstrated transmission rates exceeding 96%, with currents reaching 0.4 mA at extraction voltages of 250 V for several hours under voltage-controlled operation. Investigations after the measurements showed that isolated discharges destroyed individual emitters during operation, but the electron sources remained functional. Consequently, these cathodes demonstrated resilience to failure caused by discharge-related damage due to the low capacity of the system. At higher voltages (300 V) and currents (2 mA); however, these samples exhibited catastrophic arcing, as at these voltages, the energy stored in the capacitance was large enough to result in the destruction of larger areas of the arrays and the formation of conductive paths between the cathode and the gate. Y1 - 2026 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1116/6.0005524 SN - 1520-8567 VL - 44 IS - 4 PB - AIP Publishing ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Manoonpong, Poramate A1 - Shigaki, Shunsuke A1 - Chaichaowarat, Ronapee A1 - Shamonin, Mikhail T1 - Editorial: Physical AI and robotics - outputs from IS-PAIR 2025 and beyond JF - FRONTIERS IN ROBOTICS AND AI KW - Artificial intelligence KW - embodiment KW - IS-PAIR KW - morphological computation KW - neural computation KW - robotics Y1 - 2026 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2026.1881555 SN - 2296-9144 VL - 13 IS - 4 PB - Frontiers ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Haynack, Alexander A1 - Zadran, Sekandar A1 - Timothy, Jithender J. A1 - Gambarelli, Serena A1 - Kränkel, Thomas A1 - Thiel, Charlotte A1 - Ožbolt, Joško A1 - Gehlen, Christoph T1 - Can a Hand-Held 3D Scanner Capture Temperature-Induced Strain of Mortar Samples? Comparison between Experimental Measurements and Numerical Simulations JF - Mathematics N2 - The expected lifespan of cement-based materials, particularly concrete, is at least 50 years. Changes in the pore structure of the material need to be considered due to external influences and associated transport processes. The expansion behaviour of concrete and mortar during freeze–thaw attacks, combined with de-icing salt agents, is crucial for both internal and external damage. It is essential to determine and simulate the expansion behaviour of these materials in the laboratory, as well as detect the slow, long-term expansion in real structures. This study measures the expansion of mortar samples during freeze–thaw loading using a high-resolution hand-held 3D laser scanner. The specimens are prepared with fully or partially saturated pore structures through water storage or drying. During freeze–thaw experiments, the specimens are exposed to pure water or a 3% sodium chloride solution (NaCl). Results show contraction during freezing and subsequent expansion during thawing. Both test solutions exhibit similar expansion behaviour, with differences primarily due to saturation levels. Further investigations are required to explore the changing expansion behaviour caused by increasing microcracking resulting from continuous freeze–thaw cycles. A numerical analysis using a 3D coupled hygro-thermo-mechanical (HTM) model is conducted to examine the freeze–thaw behaviour of the mortar. The model accurately represents the freezing deformation during the freeze–thaw cycle. KW - 3D FE numerical model KW - 3D laser scanning KW - concrete KW - durability KW - freeze–thaw and de-icing salt resistance KW - hygro-thermo-mechanical coupling KW - mortar KW - numerical simulation KW - strain Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/math11173672 VL - 11 IS - 17 PB - MDPI ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Irmler, Bernhard A1 - Nagel, Elke T1 - M.A.N.-Stahlhäuser: Individualisierung als Markenzeichen und Herausforderung im Fertighausbau JF - architectura N2 - The construction experience of M.A.N. company was reflected in the M.A.N. steel house in the sophisticated panel construction and the simplicity of the joints. The designers met the requirement of creating a modern functional home with the exceptionally high-quality façade modules, efficient insulation, double-glazing of the windows and integration of the most modern building services for maximum living comfort. With the standardisation of construction elements, M.A.N. chimed with the spirit of the times, and the extremely short construction time of just a few weeks was also advantageous. While the contemporary clients appreciated performance and equipment, the traditional shape imitating cubature and façade design failed. Responding to the clients’ wishes by developing variations distinguished the M.A.N. steel house as the most flexible prefabricated house. At the same time, it was precisely the individualisation that brought the manufacturing company disproportionately high production costs and prevented profitable series production. KW - Fertighaus KW - MAN Stahlhaus KW - Modulbau KW - Präfabrikation KW - Stahltafelbauweise Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/atc-2021-1004 SN - 2569-1554 SN - 0044-863X VL - 51 IS - 1 SP - 30 EP - 55 PB - De Gruyter ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sieferle, Katharina A1 - Bitzer, Eva Maria A1 - Brandstetter, Susanne A1 - Grepmeier, Eva-Maria A1 - Curbach, Janina A1 - von Sommoggy, Julia T1 - Beratung zur frühkindlichen Allergieprävention durch Hebammen und Pädiater:innen – Barrieren und Potentiale zur Nutzung von Leitlinien T2 - Das Gesundheitswesen Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1770452 SN - 1439-4421 SN - 0176-4772 VL - 85 IS - 08/09 PB - Thieme ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Görtler, Michael T1 - Zeitdiskurse in den gesellschaftswissenschaftlichen Fachdidaktiken und Sozialwissenschaften und ihre Konsequenzen für politische Bildung JF - Zeitschrift für Didaktik der Gesellschaftswissenschaften Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.46499/2238.2837 VL - 14 IS - 2 SP - 25 EP - 44 PB - Wochenschau Verlag ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Finckh, Wolfgang A1 - Niedermeier, Roland ED - Fischer, Oliver T1 - Verstärkung mit geklebter Bewehrung: Aktuelle Entwicklungen in Deutschland und Europa T2 - Tagungsband zum 27. Münchener Massivbau Seminar, 24. Novmember 2023 N2 - Das Verstärken von Betonbauteilen mit geklebter Bewehrung ist dank des Engagements von Herrn Prof. Dr.-Ing. Dr.-Ing. E.h. Konrad Zilch in Forschung und Normung in Deutschland ein gängiges und sicheres Verfahren beim Bauen im Bestand. In Europa wurden im Rahmen der Überarbeitung der Eurocodes in den letzten Jahren ebenfalls Regelung für diese Bauweise geschaffen, welche größtenteils auf den Deutschen Ansätzen beruhen. Aufgrund der neuen Eurocodes werden auch in Deutschland die Regelung für das Verstärken von Betonbauteilen nun überarbeitet und für weitere Verstärkungsfahren wie den Carbonbeton erweitert. As a result of the engagement of Prof. Dr.-Ing. Dr.-Ing. E.h. Konrad Zilch in research and standardisation, strengthening of concrete structures with adhesively bonded reinforcement is a standard and safe method for building in existing structures. In Europe, regulations for this strengthening method have also been created in recent years as part of the revision of the Eurocodes, which are largely based on the German approaches. Due to the new Eurocodes, the regulations for the strengthening of concrete structures are now also being revised in Germany and extended for further reinforcement methods such as carbon concrete Das Verstärken von Betonbauteilen mit geklebter Bewehrung ist dank des Engagements von Herrn Prof. Dr.-Ing. Dr.-Ing. E.h. Konrad Zilch in Forschung und Normung in Deutschland ein gängiges und sicheres Verfahren beim Bauen im Bestand. In Europa wurden im Rahmen der Überarbeitung der Eurocodes in den letzten Jahren ebenfalls Regelung für diese Bauweise geschaffen, welche größtenteils auf den Deutschen Ansätzen beruhen. Aufgrund der neuen Eurocodes werden auch in Deutschland die Regelung für das Verstärken von Betonbauteilen nun überarbeitet und für weitere Verstärkungsfahren wie den Carbonbeton erweitert. // Das Verstärken von Betonbauteilen mit geklebter Bewehrung ist dank des Engagements von Herrn Prof. Dr.-Ing. Dr.-Ing. E.h. Konrad Zilch in Forschung und Normung in Deutschland ein gängiges und sicheres Verfahren beim Bauen im Bestand. In Europa wurden im Rahmen der Überarbeitung der Eurocodes in den letzten Jahren ebenfalls Regelung für diese Bauweise geschaffen, welche größtenteils auf den Deutschen Ansätzen beruhen. Aufgrund der neuen Eurocodes werden auch in Deutschland die Regelung für das Verstärken von Betonbauteilen nun überarbeitet und für weitere Verstärkungsfahren wie den Carbonbeton erweitert. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.14459/2023.1724792.mbs27.03 PB - Förderverein Massivbau der TU München e.V ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Grünbaum, Daniel A1 - Stern, Maike Lorena A1 - Lang, Elmar W. T1 - Quantitative probing: Validating causal models with quantitative domain knowledge JF - Journal of Causal Inference N2 - We propose quantitative probing as a model-agnostic framework for validating causal models in the presence of quantitative domain knowledge. The method is constructed in analogy to the train/test split in correlation-based machine learning. It is consistent with the logic of scientific discovery and enhances current causal validation strategies. The effectiveness of the method is illustrated using Pearl’s sprinkler example, before a thorough simulation-based investigation is conducted. Limits of the technique are identified by studying exemplary failing scenarios, which are furthermore used to propose a list of topics for future research and improvements of the presented version of quantitative probing. A guide for practitioners is included to facilitate the incorporation of quantitative probing in causal modelling applications. The code for integrating quantitative probing into causal analysis, as well as the code for the presented simulation-based studies of the effectiveness of quantitative probing are provided in two separate open-source Python packages. KW - Causal inference KW - causal model validation KW - causality Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/jci-2022-0060 SN - 2193-3677 SN - 2193-3685 VL - 11 IS - 1 PB - De Gruyter ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Heidrich, Louisa A1 - Slany, Emanuel A1 - Scheele, Stephan A1 - Schmid, Ute T1 - FairCaipi: A Combination of Explanatory Interactive and Fair Machine Learning for Human and Machine Bias Reduction JF - Machine Learning and Knowledge Extraction: MAKE N2 - The rise of machine-learning applications in domains with critical end-user impact has led to a growing concern about the fairness of learned models, with the goal of avoiding biases that negatively impact specific demographic groups. Most existing bias-mitigation strategies adapt the importance of data instances during pre-processing. Since fairness is a contextual concept, we advocate for an interactive machine-learning approach that enables users to provide iterative feedback for model adaptation. Specifically, we propose to adapt the explanatory interactive machine-learning approach Caipi for fair machine learning. FairCaipi incorporates human feedback in the loop on predictions and explanations to improve the fairness of the model. Experimental results demonstrate that FairCaipi outperforms a state-of-the-art pre-processing bias mitigation strategy in terms of the fairness and the predictive performance of the resulting machine-learning model. We show that FairCaipi can both uncover and reduce bias in machine-learning models and allows us to detect human bias. KW - explanatory and interactive machine learning KW - fair machine learning Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/make5040076 SN - 2504-4990 VL - 5 IS - 4 SP - 1519 EP - 1538 PB - MDPI ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Fuxen, Philipp A1 - Hackenberg, Rudolf ED - Aßmuth, Andreas ED - Neumann, Christoph P. ED - Fischer, Sebastian T1 - An Agentic GraphRAG Architecture for Organization-Aware Cyber Threat Intelligence T2 - CROSS-SEC 2026: The First International Conference on Cross-Domain Security in Distributed, Intelligent and Critical Systems, Lisbon, Portugal, 19.-23.04.2016 N2 - Cyber Threat Intelligence (CTI) is a key component of modern security operations, yet existing systems struggle to integrate heterogeneous intelligence sources and to provide contextualized, organization-aware analysis. Knowledge-graph-based approaches offer structured and explainable representations of threats, while Large Language Models (LLMs) enable flexible semantic analysis of unstructured information. However, these paradigms are typically applied in isolation and fail to support continuous, context-driven threat modeling. This paper proposes an Agentic Graph Retrieval-Augmented Generation (GraphRAG) architecture for CTI analysis. The approach integrates structured and unstructured CTI into a persistent knowledge state consisting of a cybersecurity knowledge graph, a document store, and a vector index. Graph-first retrieval is combined with agentic orchestration to iteratively assemble bounded, task-relevant context for LLM-based reasoning, enabling grounded, explainable, and organization-specific threat analysis. We present a layered reference architecture and a detailed methodology describing knowledge construction, graph-first retrieval, agentic analysis workflow, and grounded reasoning. The proposed approach is designed to support security analysts and automated security workflows in operational CTI environments and provides a foundation for adaptive and explainable CTI systems that combine structured knowledge representation with flexible AI-driven analysis. KW - agentic AI systems KW - context-aware threat analysis KW - cyber threat intelligence KW - explainable AI KW - graph retrieval-augmented generation KW - knowledge graph KW - large language models Y1 - 2026 UR - https://www.thinkmind.org/library/CROSS-SEC/CROSS-SEC_2026/cross-sec_2026_1_110_85101.html SN - 978-1-68558-442-9 SP - 73 EP - 78 PB - IARIA ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Fütterer-Akili, Sabine ED - Wolf, Sebastian ED - Meyer, Olaf T1 - Theoretische Aspekte von Antikorruption T2 - Handbuch Korruptionsforschung N2 - Der Beitrag setzt sich mit Potenzialen und Fallstricken der Erforschung von Antikorruption auseinander. Er beschäftigt sich aus theoretischer Perspektive mit einer Methodik zur Beschreibung, Bewertung und komparativen Betrachtung von Instrumenten zur Korruptionsbekämpfung. Unter der Reflexion bestehender Literatur wird gezeigt, dass zur Bekämpfung von Korruption kein Allheilmittel existiert, sondern Antikorruption in Abhängigkeit zum Profil der Korruption zu denken ist. Das Kapitel dient als Grundlage und Ausgangspunkt für weiterführende Analysen antikorruptionsrelevanter Fragestellungen KW - Antikorruption KW - Antikorruptionsstrategien KW - Korruption KW - Korruptionsbekämpfung KW - Korruptionsforschung Y1 - 2026 SN - 978-3-658-50235-5 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-50236-2_24 SP - 303 EP - 324 PB - Springer Fachmedien CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - GEN ED - Heidl, Christian ED - Brandt, Hanna ED - Weber, Karsten T1 - Pflegekultur Im Wandel: Digitale Technologien Machtstrukturen und Migration Im Gesundheitssektor N2 - Die fortschreitende Digitalisierung bringt die komplexen Wechselwirkungen zwischen Pflege, Kultur und Gesellschaft durcheinander. Die Beiträger*innen zeigen, dass in der Pflege ein Kulturwandel in vollem Gange ist, der die Entwicklung einer kultursensiblen Pflege erfordert. Neben den Auswirkungen der neuen Technologien beleuchten sie auch die Themen Migration und darauf aufbauende Machtstrukturen und bieten so eine umfassende, interdisziplinäre Einführung in die modernen Herausforderungen der Pflege, die nicht nur für Wissenschaftler*innen interessant ist, sondern auch praxisbezogene Fragen aufgreift. T3 - Regensburger Beiträge zur Digitalisierung des Gesundheitswesens - 6 Y1 - 2026 UR - https://www.inlibra.com/de/10.14361/9783839476963 SN - 978-3-8394-7696-3 PB - transcript Verlag CY - Bielefeld ER - TY - JOUR A1 - von Sommoggy, Julia A1 - Skiba, Eva-Maria A1 - Lander, Jonas A1 - Apfelbacher, Christian A1 - Curbach, Janina A1 - Brandstetter, Susanne T1 - Health Literacy in Pediatric Consultations on Allergy Prevention JF - Health literacy research and practice N2 - BACKGROUND The first 3 years of life offer an opportunity to prevent allergic diseases. Pediatricians are an important source of health information for parents. However, a certain degree of health literacy is necessary to understand, appraise, and apply preventive behavior, which can be supported by health literacy (HL) sensitive consultations and a HL friendly environment. OBJECTIVE In this study, we want to shed light on how pediatricians in outpatient care in Germany advise on early childhood allergy prevention (ECAP) and how they consider parental HL. METHODS We conducted 19 semi-standardized telephone interviews with pediatricians from North-Rhine-Westphalia and Bavaria. The interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, pseudonymized, and subjected to content analysis. KEY RESULTS Current ECAP recommendations were well known among our sample. Despite the shift of evidence from avoidance of allergens toward early exposure, providing advice on ECAP was considered non-controversial and it was widely assumed that recommendations were easy to understand and apply for parents. However, ECAP was treated as an implicit topic resonating among others like infant nutrition and hygiene. Regarding HL, our interview partners were not aware of HL as a concept. However, they deemed it necessary to somehow assess parental information level and ability to understand provided information. Formal HL screening was not applied, but implicit strategies based on intuition and experience. Concerning effective HL-sensitive communication techniques, interviewees named the adaptation of language and visual support of explanations. More advanced techniques like Teach Back were considered too time-consuming. Medical assistants were considered important in providing an HL-sensitive environment. Time constraints and the high amount of information were considered major barriers regarding HL-sensitive ECAP counseling. CONCLUSION It seems warranted to enhance professional education and training for pediatricians in HL and HL-sensitive communication, to reach all parents with HL-sensitive ECAP counseling. [HLRP: Health Literacy Research and Practice. 2024;8(2):e47-e61.]. We asked pediatricians how they advise parents on prevention of allergy in children. We found that pediatricians were well aware of the recommendations on allergy prevention, but they did not pass on all the information to parents. The HL of parents (that is the ability to find, understand, appraise, and apply health information) was not an important issue for the doctors. Y1 - 2024 UR - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38599576 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3928/24748307-20240320-01 SN - 2474-8307 VL - 8 IS - 2 PB - Healio Academic ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mühlbauer, Andreas A1 - Keiner, Dominik A1 - Galimova, Tansu A1 - Breyer, Christian T1 - Analysis of production routes for silicon carbide using air as carbon source empowering negative emissions JF - Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change N2 - A rapid defossilisation of the industry sector is required to stop further greenhouse gas emissions and to curb global warming. Additionally, to avoid irreversible consequences caused by climate change, the deployment of negative emission technologies is required to reduce the carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration in Earth’s atmosphere to a sustainable level. A novel approach to store gaseous CO2 from direct air capture facilities in solid silicon carbide (SiC) is presented. A chain of established processes to produce SiC from renewable electricity and air is evaluated in terms of energy and mass balances. Furthermore, possible fields of SiC utilisation are considered. Electricity-based SiC (e-SiC) can serve the growing global market for technical ceramics and can possibly be used to tackle increasing construction sand shortages in the construction industry by partially substituting sand. Calculations of the levelised cost of carbon dioxide removal show that storing ambient CO2 in solid SiC that can be subsequently sold on the world market can eventually create profit. In 2050, a net benefit of 259 €/tCO2 or 631 €/tSiC can be realised if the SiC product is sold at the world market with additional carbon compensation. Therefore, the proposed SiC production chain might be able to challenge conventionally produced SiC, while empowering negative emissions. In 2050, the net CO2 emission potential is limited to about 290 MtCO2/a for technical ceramics, but may reach up to 13.6 GtCO2/a for construction sand. Results show that e-SiC production is economically feasible for technical ceramics but not for construction sand without further process cost decrease. Alternative processes to produce e-SiC are described and evaluated. Future research opportunities are discussed. KW - Carbon dioxide removal KW - Defossilisation KW - Industry KW - Negative emissions KW - Power-to-X KW - Silicon carbide Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11027-023-10100-6 VL - 29 IS - 1 PB - Springer Nature ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lehner, Katharina A1 - Ziegler, Wolrfram A1 - Leicht, Kathrin A1 - Lin, Cheny A1 - Jakob, Hanna A1 - Späth, Mona A1 - Barthel, Maria A1 - Leinweber, Juliane T1 - Therapie-App auf Rezept bei Aphasie JF - Forum Logopädie N2 - The DGN guideline for the rehabilitation of aphasic disorders (Ziegler et al. 2012) stresses therapy intensity as a decisive factor for the effectiveness of speech therapy. However, in practice, therapy frequency per week is often one hour per week, far below the recommended intensity of five to ten hours. Independent training is gaining importance. The neolexon®Aphasia App was developed to support training in ad dition to speech therapy. It provides exercises in all areas of speech and is individually adapted by therapists to increase the training levelappropriately. The effectiveness of the app use was examined in the big Germany-wide AddiThA study with 196 patients. Significant improvements in language skills, emotional health and quality of life were observed. The app is now approved as a digital health application (DiGA) and costs are covered by all statutory and most private health insurances. KW - Aphasia KW - apraxia of speech KW - digital health application KW - neolexon® app Y1 - 2025 UR - https://forum-logopaedie.de/artikel/therapie-app-auf-rezept-bei-aphasie/ U6 - https://doi.org/10.61054/dbl-2025-53020250405 SN - 0932-0547 VL - 39 IS - 4 SP - 30 EP - 35 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schlachetzki, Felix A1 - Feistenauer, Ina A1 - Ertl, Michael A1 - Kilic, Mustafa A1 - Aden, Fabian A1 - Pollinger, David A1 - Helbig, Horst A1 - Wendl, Christina A1 - Pfister, Karin A1 - Krenkel, Lars A1 - Gamulescu, Maria Andreea A1 - Linker, Ralf Andreas A1 - Wilfling, Sibylle T1 - Retinal ischemia due to different stages of atherosclerosis - insights from a retrospective study on central retinal artery occlusion JF - Neurological research and practice N2 - BACKGROUND Ischemic stroke (IS) and retinal ischemia (IR) share similar vascular risk factors, but differ in their risk for subsequent or recurrent stroke and therapeutic options. This study characterizes the cardiovascular risk profiles and magnitude of atherosclerosis of the carotid artery of patients with central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) in relation to the presence of the retrobulbar "spot sign" on orbital color-coded sonography (OCCS). METHODS We performed a retrospective analysis on the detailed cardiovascular risk factors and neuroimaging data in patients with IR presenting between 2009 and 2023. Based on OCCS findings, CRAO were further divided into hyperechoic ("spot sign positive", ssCRAO) or hypoechoic CRAO (heCRAO). Statistical analyses were performed with Mann-Whitney-U and χ [2] testing. P-values were considered significant if < 0.05. RESULTS Overall, 112 patients were identified (heCRAO: n = 32; ssCRAO: n = 80). ssCRAO patients were significantly older (median 74 years vs. 66.5 years, Mann-Whitney-U: p-value < 0.001). Overall, 15/103 (14.6%) patients had concurrent acute ischemic stroke- 9 in the ipsilateral internal carotid territory, 2 in other territories and 4 disseminated. Further significant differences were found regarding the echogenicity of atherosclerosis (AS) in the two subgroups with (mainly) echorich AS being more common in the ssCRAO group (p-value < 0.001, n = 108) and the distribution of high-grade vs. low-grade stenoses of the ipsi- and contralateral carotid artery (p-value < 0.05, n = 99). 20 out of 112 patients had atrial fibrillation (aFib) with 17 of these being on ongoing oral anticoagulation. CONCLUSION According to this study, atherosclerosis may be one of the most important risk factors for IR while a specific embolic source could not be demonstrated (i.e. acute plaque rupture). By contrast, current oral anticoagulation for aFib in CRAO patients was high, thus only an incidental finding and may be an incidental finding due to its prevalence in the elderly. Furthermore, we were able to distinguish two subgroups of IR that differ in risk factors and most likely also in etiology, therapy and prognosis. The study underlines the importance of OCCS to detect "spot signs" in IR with indications for both, acute thrombolysis and secondary prevention. KW - *ISSN 2524-3489 KW - Atherosclerosis KW - Central retinal artery occlusion KW - Cholesterol emboli KW - Orbital color coded sonography KW - Spot sign Y1 - 2025 UR - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/40696494 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s42466-025-00413-z VL - 7 IS - 1 PB - Springer ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Herrmann, David A1 - Schaeffer, Leon A1 - Lehmann, Lukas A1 - Böhm, Valter T1 - Theoretical considerations on 2D multistable tensegrity structures based on equilateral triangles JF - Mechanism and Machine Theory N2 - This paper investigates the stability and stiffness characteristics of two-dimensional tensegrity structures based on two equilateral triangles connected by tensioned members, resulting in three multistable structural variants. The stability analysis is conducted by examining the system’s potential energy. Using a form-finding algorithm, the study reveals how the stiffness of tensioned members impacts global compliance distribution and the transition between equilibrium positions. By adjusting the stiffness of individual members and varying force application points, significant modifications in the overall stiffness of the structure can occur. The study shows that increasing the force amplitude can lead to equilibrium position changes, particularly in asymmetrical structures. These findings provide valuable insights for designing adaptable, stiffness-tunable structures. The results emphasize the critical role of force direction, stiffness distribution, and transitions between stable equilibrium states in the development of advanced mechanical systems. KW - Compliant structure KW - Multistable structure KW - Tensegrity structure Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-97943 SN - 0094-114X N1 - Corresponding author der OTH Regensburg: David Herrmann VL - 214 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Görtler, Michael T1 - Didaktik in der Sozialen Arbeit: (k)ein Thema im Studium? Annäherung an ein heterogenes Begriffsfeld und Ergebnisse einer länderübergreifenden Modulhandbuchanalyse JF - Zeitschrift für Sozialpädagogik N2 - The 16th Federal Report on Children and Youth not only identifies a need for qualification of social work professionals in the non-formal sector, but also recommends intensifying initial, continuing and further training in the context of the design of such educational and learning processes. Contributions from the discipline of social work suggest that didactics, which plays a central role in the analysis, planning and evaluation of educational and learning processes, is considered a niche topic. The conceptual field of social work and didactics seems heterogenous in view of different approaches and models. Against this background, this article discusses the concept of didactics in social work and aims to examine literature and curricular integration of didactics in social work as content in studies based on a module handbook analysis of bachelor‘s and master‘s degree programs in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland. KW - COMPARATIVE studies KW - Curriculum KW - DIDACTICISM KW - GERMANY KW - HIGHER education KW - PROFESSIONAL employee training KW - SOCIAL work education KW - TEACHING methods Y1 - 2025 UR - https://content-select.com/de/portal/media/view/efa26014-0cc0-437d-ba59-6397361db472 SN - 1610-2339 IS - 3 PB - Beltz Juventa ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kara, Ahmet A1 - Nikolic, Milos A1 - Olteanu, Dan A1 - Zhang, Haozhe T1 - Conjunctive Queries with Free Access Patterns under Updates JF - Logical Methods in Computer Science N2 - We study the problem of answering conjunctive queries with free access patterns (CQAPs) under updates. A free access pattern is a partition of the free variables of the query into input and output. The query returns tuples over the output variables given a tuple of values over the input variables. We introduce a fully dynamic evaluation approach that works for all CQAPs and is optimal for two classes of CQAPs. This approach recovers prior work on the dynamic evaluation of conjunctive queries without access patterns. We first give a syntactic characterisation of all CQAPs that admit constant time per single-tuple update and whose output tuples can be enumerated with constant delay given a tuple of values over the input variables. We further chart the complexity trade-off between the preprocessing time, update time and enumeration delay for a class of CQAPs. For some of these CQAPs, our approach achieves optimal, albeit non-constant, update time and delay. This optimality is predicated on the Online Matrix-Vector Multiplication conjecture. We finally adapt our approach to the dynamic evaluation of tractable CQAPs over probabilistic databases under updates. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.46298/LMCS-21(2:23)2025 SN - 1860-5974 VL - 21 IS - 2 PB - Episciences - open access overlay journals ER - TY - GEN A1 - Scheppach, M. W. A1 - Weber Nunes, D. A1 - Arizi, X. A1 - Rauber, David A1 - Probst, A. A1 - Nagl, S. A1 - Römmele, C. A1 - Yip, H. C. A1 - Ebigbo, A. A1 - Palm, Christoph A1 - Messmann, H. T1 - Single frame intraprocedural phase recognition for endoscopic submucosal dissection using artificial intelligence T2 - Endoscopy N2 - Aims Precise intraprocedural phase recognition during complex endoscopic procedures like endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) could facilitate automatic objective reporting, specific target-oriented training interventions and measurable quality control. Artificial intelligence algorithms have already been applied to phase recognition in laparoscopic operations and peroral endoscopic myotomy successfully. The aim of this study was to develop and validate an algorithm for automated intraprocedural phase recognition during ESD on a single frame basis. Methods The ESD procedure was divided into 5 macro phases: diagnostics, marking, needle injection, dissection and bleeding. Macro-phases were subdivided into micro-phases, which included scope manipulation, electric current application and injection, leading to a total of 11 phases. A training dataset was compiled from 92 full-length ESD videos (7.930.412 frames) and each frame allocated to one phase. All procedures were performed with the same endoscope system (GIF EZ1500, Olympus, Tokyo, Japan) A video swin transformer was trained in the recognition of the procedural phases. Temporal information was incorporated by uniform frame sampling from past and future of the analyzed frame. The algorithm was validated internally on a validation set (16 ESD procedures, 1.580.394 frames). External validation was performed on 8 ESD procedures (759.346 frames) from a live pig study using a different endoscopy system (GIF H190, Olympus, Tokyo, Japan). In a further evaluation, 2 videos from the external validation set were incorporated into the training data. Results The overall internal validation yielded an accuracy of 86% and an F1 score of 86%. The external validation showed values of 69% and 70% for the same parameters. The evaluation for macro phases showed overall accuracies of 89% and 80% and F1 scores of 90% and 80% for internal and external test sets, respectively. Incorporation of 2 videos from the test set into the training set led to the following results: The accuracy and F1-score for all phase validation were 78% and 78%. For macro-phase evaluation, these values were 87% and 87%. Y1 - 2026 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0046-1822018 VL - 58 IS - S 03 PB - Thieme CY - Stuttgart ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Abo Khamis, Mahmoud A1 - Chmielewski, Eden A1 - Draghici, Andrei A1 - Kara, Ahmet A1 - Olteanu, Dan T1 - Maintaining Queries under Updates Using Heavy-Light Partitioning of the Input Relations JF - Proceedings of the ACM on Management of Data N2 - We study the classical incremental view maintenance problem: Given a query and a database, maintain the query output under single-tuple updates (inserts or deletes) to the database such that the tuples in the query output can be enumerated with constant delay after any update. We introduce a maintenance approach whose update time matches or improves the best update time reported in prior work. Whereas prior approaches are manually tailored to each of a handful of queries, our approach generalizes to arbitrary join queries. It combines three techniques: delta queries, trees of materialized views, and heavy-light data partitioning. The overall update time incurred by our approach for a given join query is characterized by the maintenance width, a new measure that is parameterized by the heavy-light threshold for data partitioning. We show how to find the threshold that minimizes the maintenance width. KW - data partitioning KW - delta queries KW - incremental view maintenance KW - join queries KW - materialized views Y1 - 2026 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1145/3801905 VL - 4 IS - 2 SP - 1 EP - 22 PB - ACM ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Nguyen, Minh-Hai A1 - Singla, Pankaj A1 - Dann, Amy A1 - Tran, Trung Hieu A1 - Sündermann, Jan A1 - Kreienmeyer, Michaela A1 - Schmitt, Heike A1 - Butterbrodt, Thomas A1 - Schwarz, Tobias A1 - Schwieger, Jana A1 - Scheper, Verena A1 - Peeters, Marloes A1 - Wagner, Patrick A1 - Warnecke, Athanasia A1 - Kaulen, Corinna A1 - Körner, Julia A1 - Lenarz, Thomas A1 - Doll, Theodor T1 - Intra-cochlear detection of Interleukin-6 using nanoMIPs embedded in a biodegradable matrix JF - Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research N2 - A major challenge in cochlear implant (CI) therapy is postoperative inflammation, which can compromise long-term electrode function. Conventional interleukin-6 (IL-6) detection is challenging due to factors such as its inherent instability. In this study, we present a cost-effective detection strategy using epitope-specific molecularly imprinted polymer nanoparticles (nanoMIPs). These nanoMIPs enable sensitive detection of both IL-6 and its epitope, representing a scalable and economical alternative for inflammation monitoring. NanoMIPs were embedded in a biodegradable chitosan matrix and sprayed onto electrodes. To detect the biomarker, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was used, a functionality which is already embedded in CI circuits. The sensors enabled reliable detection of IL-6 down to 29 pg/mL, which represents the lowest concentration investigated in this study, with improved sensitivity to the small epitope, as the larger protein causes higher impedance changes due to steric hindrance. Additionally, the sensors enabled concentration-dependent IL-6 detection in human perilymph samples down to 2 pg/mL, with higher signal responses for IL-6 relative to other perilymph components. Comparison with an immunoassay supported analytical accuracy and diagnostic relevance. The sensors were subsequently tested weekly for functionality over four weeks under physiological conditions, with nanoMIP:chitosan ratios of 1:6 and 1:8 being optimal for long-term monitoring. Moreover, the nanoMIPs have a diameter of 56 nm (a parameter that can influence physiological excretion) and cytotoxicity tests demonstrated their biocompatibility. This work presents an epitope-based nanoMIP sensor platform that overcomes economic and biochemical limitations of protein-based biosensors, enabling advanced, real-time self-monitoring CI systems for in-vivo inflammation tracking to reduce implant failure. This project is funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG) under Germany's Excellence Strategysingle bondEXC2177/1-Project ID 390895286 (“Cluster of Excellence Hearing4All”). Funding was also provided by the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO) under the project name “Catheter-based sensors for the intestinal detection of molecular biomarkers in the context of functional bowel disorders” and the project ID G0A6821N. Additional funding was provided by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, AFRI project 2022–67,021-36,408 and project EP/W031590/2 from the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council. KW - Chitosan KW - Cochlear implant KW - Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy KW - INTERLEUKIN-6 KW - Nano molecularly imprinted polymers KW - Perilymph Y1 - 2026 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbsr.2026.100990 VL - 51 IS - 100990 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - GEN A1 - Roser, D. A. A1 - Weber Nunes, D. A1 - Löffler, P. A1 - Rauber, David A1 - Ignatenko, Y. A1 - Kaspar, M. A1 - Palm, Christoph A1 - Messmann, H. T1 - Automated recognition of upper GI anatomical sites in EGD using a deep learning model trained on public and tertiary-care data T2 - Endoscopy N2 - Aims Systematic visualization of predefined anatomical sites is essential for quality assurance and training in esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD), but objective, automated assessment of examination completeness in Europe is lacking. We aimed to develop and preliminarily evaluate a deep learning algorithm that classifies still images from the upper gastrointestinal tract (UGIT) into 28 standardized anatomical categories, including 22 gastric segments according to the Systemic Stomach Screening (SSS) protocol by Kenshi Yao. Primary outcomes were macro F1-score and overall accuracy for this 28-class classification task. Methods In this retrospective diagnostic machine learning study, we collected endoscopic still images from two sources: (1) the publicly available GastroHUN dataset (Colombia; Bravo et al., Sci Data 2025) and (2) an internal dataset from a European tertiary referral centre (Augsburg, Germany). All images were obtained during routine EGD using Olympus endoscopes and anonymized prior to analysis. A total of 1,553 patients were included: 385 from GastroHUN (5,202 images) and 1,114 from UKA (2,793 images), yielding 8,095 images. Each image was labelled at image level into one of 28 anatomical classes: oropharynx, esophagus, esophagogastric junction, duodenal bulb, second part of the duodenum, papilla and 22 gastric segments based on the SSS classification using a multi-annotator process. We trained a ConvNeXt-Tiny convolutional neural network for image-level classification using patient-wise 5-fold cross-validation to prevent information leakage between training and test sets. Performance was evaluated as mean macro F1-score and overall accuracy across folds. Results Across 5-fold patient-wise cross-validation, the model achieved a mean macro F1-score of 0.79±0.01 and an overall accuracy of 0.79±0.01 for 28-class anatomical site classification. The network differentiated major UGIT regions (esophagus, stomach, duodenum) and also assigned images to fine-grained gastric segments according to the SSS protocol. Qualitatively, performance was higher in broader anatomical regions and lower in some of the most detailed gastric segments (e.g., lower vs. upper corpus posterior wall), consistent with the increased difficulty of very fine-grained localization. Conclusions This preliminary study demonstrates the feasibility of automated recognition of UGIT anatomical sites using a ConvNeXt-Tiny CNN trained on a combination of public and tertiary hospital data. The model achieved moderate performance across 28 predefined anatomical categories from the oropharynx to the second part of the duodenum, including 22 SSS gastric segments, indicating that fine-grained anatomical localization of the entire upper GI tract is achievable from still images alone. To our knowledge, this is among the first studies to leverage a public endoscopy dataset together with institutional data for upper GI anatomical site classification. Y1 - 2026 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0046-1820783 SN - 1438-8812 VL - 58 IS - S 03 PB - Thieme CY - Stuttgart ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Vogl, Yannick A1 - Schulz, Carsten A1 - Schuderer, Matthias A1 - Schaeffer, Thomas A1 - Geiger, Benjamin T1 - Influence of manufacturing tolerances on the wear behavior of conveyor belts JF - Engineering Research N2 - This paper investigates the influence of the roller geometry and the manufacturing tolerances on the wear behavior of a short and wide flat-belt conveyor with three rollers, using the frictional power density as a qualitative wear indicator. Previous studies mainly focus on overall belt dynamics and wear with ideal cylindrical rollers. This work emphasizes the effect of geometric deviations arising from manufacturing or intentional shaping. Building upon an existing lumped mass model of the belt and a visualization approach of the frictional power density, the model is extended by a deflection-based roller geometry that enables the analysis of concave and convex roller profiles. The study reveals that small deviations from an ideal cylindrical roller significantly influence the distribution of frictional power density across the belt width. Convex roller geometries particularly increase edge wear, while concave rollers reduce it up to a certain point before it rises again. For the investigated three-roller system, the authors therefore propose a slightly concave roller geometry with a narrow tolerance band as a pragmatic trade-off between reduced frictional power density and belt-run stability, the latter being a known effect of concave roller geometries. These insights enhance the understanding of how geometric tolerances affect belt deformation and wear behavior. They establish a consistent framework for deriving design guidelines and conducting future parameter studies involving belt tension, speed, and alternative roller geometries. Y1 - 2026 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-97473 N1 - Corresponding der OTH Regensburg: Yannick Vogl VL - 90 IS - 1 PB - Springer Nature ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kotadiyaa, Kapil A1 - Vokkekhura, Rachana A1 - Fuhrmann, Thomas T1 - FABRICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF 3D PRINTED POLYMER OPTICAL WAVEGUIDES JF - International Journal of 3D Printing Technologies and Digital Industry N2 - Polymer-based 3D printed optical waveguides are fabricated and characterized using a low-cost fused deposition modeling (FDM) printer. Waveguides with two different material combinations are printed: Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA) as core material with Polylactic Acid (PLA) as cladding material, and Polyethylene Terephthalate Glycol (PETG) as core material and PMMA as cladding material. Several waveguides with different printing parameters were produced and characterized. The adhesion between the filament lines is acceptable to good for both material combinations and all printing parameters with better adhesion for higher extrusion factors. The waveguide cross-sections were analyzed using an illuminating LED, a microscope lens, and a camera. The cross-sections of the waveguides with PMMA core and PLA cladding show fully illuminated core filaments and dark cladding filaments. Some waveguides with PETG core and PMMA cladding show dark core filaments and a high amount of light in the cladding. Air gaps between filament lines are seen in the cross-section analysis. They can be reduced but not fully eliminated by optimizing the printing parameters. The attenuation was analyzed with a cut-back method using an LED as a light transmitter, and a photodiode as a receiver. The waveguide attenuation is between 0.78 dB/cm and 1.50 dB/cm with no systematic differences for both material combinations. The highest attenuation is seen where the core is printed as one filament line. The results of these experiments show that 3D printing offers a viable method to produce optical waveguides that can be used as building blocks for optical components or optical sensors. KW - 3D Printed Waveguide KW - Optical Waveguide Attenuation KW - Polymer Optics Y1 - 2026 U6 - https://doi.org/10.46519/ij3dptdi.1715513 SN - 2602-3350 VL - 10 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 10 PB - KERIM ÇETİNKAYA ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wischmann, Johannes A1 - Brasch, Leanna A1 - Franzen, Julia A1 - Gutmann, Andrea A1 - Erbert, Franziska A1 - Lehner, Katharina A1 - Young, Pitt A1 - Meier, Oliver A1 - Feil, Katharina A1 - Kellert, Lars T1 - ABSTRACT NUMBER: ESOC2026A1353 TABLET-ASSISTED SPEECH AND LANGUAGE THERAPY FOR ACUTE POST-STROKE APHASIA: A RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL (LEXI STUDY) JF - European Stroke Journal Y1 - 2026 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/esj/aakag023.090 SN - 2396-9881 VL - 11 IS - Supplement_1 PB - Oxford University Press ER - TY - GEN A1 - Roser, D. A. A1 - Gutbrod, M. A1 - Wallner, M. A1 - Rauber, David A1 - Ebigbo, A. A1 - Probst, A. A1 - Palm, Christoph A1 - Messmann, H. T1 - Automated detection and segmentation of early gastric cancer in Western endoscopic images using a fine-tuned deep learning model T2 - Endoscopy N2 - Aims Endoscopic detection of gastric cancer is operator-dependent, and almost all existing artificial intelligence (AI) systems have been developed in high-incidence East Asian settings. We aimed to develop and preliminarily evaluate an AI model for detection and segmentation of gastric cancer in a Western population, where this pathology is low-incidence, using endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) histopathology as reference standard. The model was fine-tuned from a previously established semi-supervised network for Barrett’s neoplasia (Meinikheim et al., Endoscopy 2024). Transfer learning is appropriate because both esophageal and gastric cancers share key endoscopic characteristics and multimodal imaging features across WLI, NBI, and TXI. The feature representations learned from large-scale Barrett’s datasets therefore provide a strong initialization. Primary outcomes were Dice similarity coefficient for tumor segmentation and image-level detection sensitivity. Methods In this retrospective single-centre study at a tertiary-care hospital in Germany (University Hospital Augsburg), we included 84 patients with histologically confirmed gastric adenocarcinoma (T1a or higher) treated by ESD. From these patients, 827 endoscopic images (Olympus systems; WLI, NBI, TXI, with or without indigo chromoendoscopy) showing visible gastric cancer were extracted. Tumor extent was delineated on still images by experts informed by the corresponding ESD specimens and full pathology reports. All data were de-identified before analysis. A convolutional neural network segmentation model was initialized with weights from the Barrett AI system, which had been pre-trained on 55,273 endoscopic images from 557 patients with Barrett’s esophagus and related neoplasia, and then supervisedly fine-tuned for gastric cancer segmentation. Data were split patient-wise into five train/validation folds (80/20 per fold) to avoid information leakage between patients, and a separate model was trained for each fold. For segmentation, performance was assessed using the Dice coefficient. For image-level detection, a tumor was considered detected in a given image if the entire predicted lesion region overlapped the ground-truth mask with Dice≥75%; detection performance was summarized as sensitivity at this threshold and as the area under a recall–overlap curve obtained by varying the Dice threshold from 0 to 1. Results Across the five patient-wise folds, tumor Dice averaged 82.93% with a standard deviation of 1.39% [80.91–84.37%]. Image-level detection sensitivity at Dice≥75% averaged 94.86% with a standard deviation of 3.12% [90.23–97.59%]. The area under the recall–overlap curve averaged 0.912 with a standard deviation of 0.009. These results indicate a consistent and robust performance across all validation images. Y1 - 2026 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0046-1821312 SN - 1438-8812 VL - 58 IS - S 03 PB - Thieme CY - Stuttgart ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Abo Khamis, Mahmoud A1 - Hurjui, Alexandru-Mihai A1 - Kara, Ahmet A1 - Olteanu, Dan A1 - Suciu, Dan T1 - Acyclic Conjunctive Regular Path Queries are no Harder than Corresponding Conjunctive Queries JF - Proceedings of the ACM on Management of Data N2 - We present an output-sensitive algorithm for evaluating an acyclic Conjunctive Regular Path Query (CRPQ). Its complexity is written in terms of the input size, the output size, and a well-known parameter of the query that is called the ''free-connex fractional hypertree width''. Our algorithm improves upon the complexity of the recently introduced output-sensitive algorithm for acyclic CRPQs. More notably, the complexity of our algorithm for a given acyclic CRPQ Q matches the best known output-sensitive complexity for the ''corresponding'' conjunctive query (CQ), that is the CQ that has the same structure as the CRPQ Q except that each RPQ is replaced with a binary atom (or a join of two binary atoms). This implies that it is not possible to improve upon our complexity for acyclic CRPQs without improving the state-of-the-art on output-sensitive evaluation for acyclic CQs. Our result is surprising because RPQs, and by extension CRPQs, are equivalent to recursive Datalog programs, which are generally poorly understood from a complexity standpoint. Yet, our result implies that the recursion aspect of acyclic CRPQs does not add any extra complexity on top of the corresponding (non-recursive) CQs, at least as far as output-sensitive analysis is concerned. KW - conjunctive regular path queries KW - graph databases KW - output-sensitive algorithms KW - product graph Y1 - 2026 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1145/3801891 VL - 4 IS - 2 SP - 1 EP - 24 PB - ACM ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Völlner, Florian A1 - Fischer, Johannes A1 - Weber, Markus A1 - Greimel, Felix A1 - Benditz, Achim A1 - Renkawitz, Tobias A1 - Grifka, Joachim A1 - Craiovan, Benjamin T1 - Weakening of the knee ligament complex due to sequential medial release in total knee arthroplasty JF - Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery N2 - PurposeThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of sequential medial release on the stiffness and collateral stability of the ligament complex of the knee. Irrespective of the implantation technique used, varus deformity frequently requires release of the capsular ligament complex. Yet, no data are available on how stiffness and stability of the knee ligament complex are weakened by such release.MethodsAfter total knee arthroplasty, ten healthy Thiel-fixed knee joints were subjected to sequential medial release consisting of six release steps. After each step, stiffness and stability were determined at 0 degrees, 30 degrees, 60 degrees, and 90 degrees.ResultsSequential medial release increasingly weakened the ligament complex. In extension, release of the anteromedial tibial sleeve 4cm below the joint line already weakened the ligament complex by approximately 13%. Release 6cm below the joint line reduced stiffness and stability by 15-20% over the entire range of motion. After detachment of the medial collateral ligament, stability was only about 60% of its initial value.ConclusionOur study showed for the first time the association between medial release and stiffness and stability of the knee ligament complex. To maintain stability, vigorous detachment of the knee ligament complex should be avoided. Release of the anteromedial tibial sleeve already initiates loss of stability. The main stabiliser is the medial ligament, which should never be completely detached.Level of evidenceIV. KW - ANATOMY KW - COLLATERAL LIGAMENT KW - Knee balancer KW - Ligament balance KW - Ligament stiffness KW - Medial release KW - SAFE KW - Soft-tissue balance KW - SOFT-TISSUE RELEASE KW - STRUCTURAL-PROPERTIES KW - Total knee arthroplasty Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00402-019-03181-z VL - 139 IS - 7 SP - 999 EP - 1006 PB - Springer Nature CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Baier, C. A1 - Schwarz, T. A1 - Schaumburger, J. A1 - Leiß, F. A1 - Grifka, Joachim A1 - Maderbacher, G. T1 - Rheumaoperationen im Wandel - "Fuß" JF - Zeitschrift für Rheumatologie N2 - Surgical management of rheumatic feet has dramatically changed over the last decades influenced by the development of new pharmacological drugs and tissue-preserving surgical procedures. It has switched from joint resection to joint-sparing procedures as the method of choice. Nevertheless, the surgical interventions commonly used for non-rheumatic patients cannot be applied to rheumatic patients without reflection: in addition to the basic treatment, comorbidities, degree of mobilization of the patient, orthopedic shoe engineering and orthotic treatment play a major role. Due to the decreasing incidence of the classical rheumatic foot, it has become even more important for physicians, physiotherapists and ergotherapists to recognize the development of such a disease as early as possible and immediately start the appropriate treatment. T2 - Rheumatism operations in a state of flux-"Foot" KW - ARTHRITIS KW - ARTHRODESIS KW - JOINT KW - Joint preservation KW - Minimally invasive surgery KW - Orthopedic insoles KW - Recognition KW - TOTAL ANKLE REPLACEMENT KW - VALGUS Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00393-018-0528-0 VL - 77 IS - 10 SP - 874 EP - 881 PB - Springer Nature CY - Heidelberg ER - TY - THES A1 - Groß, Simon J. T1 - Muscle Fatigue in Musculoskeletal Numerical Models N2 - Die Untersuchung des muskuloskeletalen Apparates ist eine große Herausforderung, da hierzu möglichst genaue Kenntnisse von Muskel- und Gelenkkräften benötigt werden. Daher wurden in den letzten Jahren numerische Modelle entwickelt, um einen genaueren Einblick in das muskuloskeletale System zu erhalten. Insbesondere um eine Aussage über Langzeiteffekte machen zu können, muss die Ermüdung von Muskeln berücksichtigt werden. Ziel dieser Arbeit war die Entwicklung eines neuartigen Ermüdungsalgorithmus basierend auf EMG Messungen. Dies beinhaltete die Untersuchung des Verlaufs der Ermüdung einzelner Muskeln, sowie deren Einflusses auf Rekrutierungsmuster. Des Weiteren wurde dieser Algorithmus in ein modernes muskuloskeletales Berechnungssystem implementiert. Im Zuge dieser Arbeit wurden zwei experimentelle Studien durchgeführt, um den Verlauf von Muskelermüdung einzelner Muskeln in Korrelation mit deren relativen Belastung zu ermitteln, sowie das Verhalten von uskelrekrutierungsmustern der Thoraxmuskulatur während ermüdender Übungen zu untersuchen. Basierend auf den Ergebnissen der ersten Studie wurde ein Ermüdungsalgorithmus entwickelt und in das AnyBody Modeling SystemTM (AMS) implementiert. Beide experimentellen Studien wurden mit dem modifizierten AMS simuliert um den Algorithmus zu validieren und das Verhalten des Rekrutierungssolvers zu untersuchen. Die Ergebnisse der simulierten Muskelermüdung korrelierten gut mit den Daten aus der experimentellen Studie. Außerdem ergab sich eine Reduktion der maximalen Muskelkraft der belasteten Muskulatur um 10-15% durch die Ermüdung. Die Analyse der Rekrutierungsmuster ergab eine zus¨atzliche Aktivierung entweder der oberen Rückenmuskulatur oder der Bauchmuskulatur bei den meisten Probanden. Die numerischen Simulationen der Übungen im modifizierten AMS ergab eine Verschiebung der Muskelaktivität hin zu der oberen Rückenmuskulatur. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5283/epub.41465 CY - Regensburg ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Kraust, Sebastian A1 - Heller, Peter A1 - Mottok, Jürgen T1 - Concept for Designing an ICS Testbed from a Penetration Testing Perspective T2 - 2025 IEEE European Symposium on Security and Privacy Workshops (EuroS&PW). - Venice, Italy, 30.06.2025 - 04.07.2025 N2 - Industrial control systems are foundational to the operation of critical infrastructure and industrial processes. As such, they are prime targets for cyber attacks, necessitating a proper understanding of a system's attack surface. Cybersecurity testbeds provide a safe environment for exploring cyber attacks and their effects on systems and networks. However, devising a testbed can be a resourceintensive and time-consuming process. This is especially true from a penetration testing perspective, as most testbeds are not designed to support the exploration of chaining attacks against a wide variety of architectures, implementations, and software versions. This paper addresses this issue by proposing an iterative concept for creating flexible and scalable testbeds. It also presents lessons learned that influenced the concept and discusses and positions it in relation to current testbeds literature. KW - Computer architecture KW - Critical infrastructure, Iterative methods KW - Cyberattack KW - penetration testing KW - process control KW - Software KW - Surface treatment Y1 - 2025 SN - 979-8-3315-9546-3 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/EuroSPW67616.2025.00071 SP - 561 EP - 568 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hauser, Florian A1 - Grabinger, Lisa A1 - Ezer, Timur A1 - Mottok, Jürgen A1 - Gruber, Hans ED - Khamis, Mohamed ED - Sugano, Yusuke ED - Sidenmark, Ludwig T1 - Analyzing and Interpreting Eye Movements in C++: Using Holistic Models of Image Perception T2 - ETRA '24: Proceedings of the 2024 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications, Glasgow United Kingdom, 04.06.2024 - 07.06.2024 N2 - This study uses holistic models of image perception originating from radiology and psychology to analyze and interpret eye movements during code reviews in the C++ programming language. The study design is based on former experiments, but is supplemented by approaches from expertise research. The study utilizes a sample of 34 subjects whose eye movements are recorded by a Tobii Pro Spectrum 600 Hz. The results show that the holistic models of image perception are suitable for application to source code. In addition, it can be observed that the code reviews are conducted in phases, which are characterized by certain strategies (e.g. scan, error detection, ...). Furthermore, experience-related differences can be detected between experts and novices, which emphasize that experts use elaborate strategies and have a comparatively better ability to collect and process information from source code KW - code reviews KW - eye tracking KW - holistic models of image perception KW - Software engineering KW - visual expertise Y1 - 2024 SN - 9798400706073 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1145/3649902.3655093 SP - 1 EP - 7 PB - ACM CY - New York ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Kraust, Sebastian A1 - Heller, Peter A1 - Mottok, Jürgen T1 - A Modular and Flexible OPC UA Testbed Prototype for Cybersecurity Research T2 - SECURWARE 2025: The Nineteenth International Conference on Emerging Security Information, Systems and Technologies, Barcelona, 26.-30.10.2025 N2 - The security assessment of Industrial Control Systems (ICS) is becoming increasingly challenging due to their growing complexity and interconnectivity. Traditional penetration testing is often impractical in live environments due to the risk of operational disruption, making testbeds essential for evaluating security mechanisms, analyzing threats, and developing defense strategies. However, existing testbeds tend to be static and difficult to quickly adapt to a wide variety of scenarios. To address these limitations, we propose a modular and flexible ICS testbed that enables rapid reconfiguration of the testbed composition in order to test a wide variety of scenarios. Our open-source approach leverages containerized applications as building blocks, allowing users to create and modify the testbed with minimal effort. We show how to use the provided components to construct testbeds and how our approach can be used as a tool for accommodating penetration tests. KW - cybersecurity KW - OPC UA KW - penetration testing KW - testbed Y1 - 2025 UR - https://www.thinkmind.org/library/SECURWARE/SECURWARE_2025/securware_2025_1_160_30061.html SN - 978-1-68558-306-4 SN - 2162-2116 SP - 105 EP - 111 PB - IARIA ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Engl, Fabian A1 - Mottok, Jürgen A1 - Burmester, Michael ED - Oliver, Nuria ED - Shamma, David A. ED - Candello, Heloisa ED - Cesar, Pablo ED - Lopes, Pedro ED - Bozzon, Alessandro ED - Kosch, Thomas ED - Liao, Vera ED - Ma, Xiaojuan ED - Artizzu, Valentino ED - Draxler, Fiona ED - López, Gustavo ED - Reinschluessel, Anke V. ED - Tong, Xin ED - Toups Dugas, Phoebe O. T1 - Predicting Usability and UX based on Eye Movements: Identifying Cross-Stimuli Interaction Patterns with Machine Learning T2 - CHI '26: Proceedings of the 2026 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Barcelona Spain, 13.04. - 17.04.2026 N2 - Eye-tracking and questionnaires are typically treated as separate methods for measuring usability and user experience (UX). Recent studies show that machine learning models trained solely on eye movements can predict pragmatic and hedonic quality ratings. Building on this, this study examines which gaze patterns predict usability and UX and whether models can generalize across stimuli. Five models were trained on eye movements from 121 users browsing six websites. A feature-importance analysis revealed that saccadic patterns, such as regressions and successive forward movements, are more associated with UX, whereas longer consecutive saccades are indicative of usability. When trained separately for each website, the best-performing models achieve Matthews Correlation Coefficient scores of 0.751 and 0.780, with only small negative effect sizes on holdout data. Trained across websites, holdout scores dropped to 0.196 for usability and 0.338 for UX, suggesting that cross-stimuli generalizability is limited and, at best, achievable for hedonic interaction aspects. KW - Eye-Tracking KW - HCI KW - Machine learning KW - Usability KW - UX Y1 - 2026 SN - 9798400722783 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1145/3772318.3790761 SP - 1 EP - 20 PB - ACM CY - New York, NY, USA ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Engl, Fabian A1 - Mottok, Jürgen A1 - Buchmann, Erik ED - Chetouani, Aladine ED - Vilanueva, Arantxa ED - Bruno, Alessandro ED - Echeverria, Rebeca T1 - Constructing Machine Learning Features from Eye Movement Metrics: Feature Engineering Techniques for HCI Research T2 - ETRA 26: Proceedings of the 2026 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications 2026. Marrakesh, Morocco, 01.-04.06.2026 Y1 - 2026 SN - 9798400725197 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1145/3797246.3805694 SP - 1 EP - 7 PB - ACM CY - New York, NY ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Strohmaier, Lukas A1 - Mottok, Jürgen ED - Stolle, Reinhard T1 - Engineering the Digitisation and Control Layers of a Physical True Random Number Generator T2 - Applied Research Conference 2025 (ARC 2025), Conference Proceedings, 4th July 2025, Technical University of Applied Sciences Augsburg N2 - This paper presents the design and implementation of the digitisation and digital subsystems of a physical true random number generator (PTRNG). The system is being developed in alignment with the KRITIS!M project at the Regensburg University of Applied Sciences. The system digitises analogue noise signals and processes them using a modular firmware architecture based on the Zephyr RTOS. The subsystem comprises two custom hardware platforms: One is dedicated to high-speed analogue-to-digital conversion, while the other handles data processing, statistical validation, and external communication via TCP/IP. The design emphasises extensibility, robustness and real-time operation. The firmware employs a mediator-based buffer management system that ensures clean separation and coordination between the acquisition, post-processing, validation and networking components. While challenges remain in optimising the analogue front end, the digital components, however, operate reliably and form a solid foundation for the future integration of cryptographic post-processing and full system validation against established standards, such as NIST SP 800-90 and BSI AIS 31. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.60524/opus-2588 SP - 353 EP - 358 PB - Technical University of Applied Sciences Augsburg, Faculty of Electrical Engineering CY - Augsburg ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schubert, Adrian A1 - Wiederer, Jonas A1 - Kraus, Michael A1 - Obergrießer, Mathias ED - Bartels, Niels ED - Maile, Tobias T1 - KI-basierte interaktive Brückenplanung - Forschungsporjekt KIBIP BT - digitale Transformation, Strategien und Anwendungen für Bauingenieure und Architekten : Tagungshandbuch 2025 T2 - Künstliche Intelligenz im Ingenieurbau KW - Künstliche Intelligenz; Brückenbau Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-381-14861-5 SN - 978-3-381-14862-2 U6 - https://doi.org/10.24053/9783381148622 SP - 61 EP - 72 PB - expert CY - Tübingen ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Weber, Karsten A1 - Brandt, Hanna A1 - Heidl, Christian ED - Heidl, Christian ED - Brandt, Hanna ED - Weber, Karsten T1 - Zwischen Technik, Vielfalt und Strukturen: Eine Einleitung und Übersicht T2 - Pflegekultur Im Wandel: Digitale Technologien Machtstrukturen und Migration Im Gesundheitssektor T3 - Regensburger Beiträge zur Digitalisierung des Gesundheitswesens - 6 Y1 - 2025 UR - https://www.inlibra.com/10.14361/9783839476963-003 SN - 978-3-8394-7696-3 U6 - https://doi.org/https://www.inlibra.com/10.14361/9783839476963-003 SP - 9 EP - 24 PB - transcript CY - Bielefeld ER - TY - GEN A1 - Saßmannshausen, Sean Patrick ED - Jáki, Erika ED - Huszák, Loretta T1 - Strategy, structure, Science - and chance the case of the start-up center at OTH Regensburg T2 - Quo vadis entrepreneurship education? Danube Cup Conference 2022 Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-963-503-909-8 SP - 112 EP - 113 PB - Corvinus University of Budapest CY - Budapest ER - TY - THES A1 - Aurbach, Maximilian T1 - Musculoskeletal modelling of the shoulder complex and its application for EMG assessed pathologies N2 - Die Kernaspekte der vorliegenden Dissertation fokussieren sich auf die muskuloskeletalle Modellierung und Simulation von Pathologien des menschlichen Schulterkomplexes. Die Arbeit adressiert innerhalb dieses Kontextes drei spezifische Forschungsfragen. Auf der Simulationsebene wurde die Muskelrekrutierung des Schulterkomplexes und die Kraftentwicklung innerhalb des Glenohumeralgelenks bei der Abduktion des Humerus untersucht. In-vivo Messungen basierend auf instrumentalisierten Endoprothesen des Humeruskopfes zeigen einen kontinuierlichen Anstieg der resultierenden Reaktionskraft im Glenohumeralgelenk bis zu 150° Abduktion. Eine hohe Aktivierung der involvierten Muskulatur bei der Abduktion über 90° wird ebenfalls durch elektromyographische Messungen bestätigt. Muskuloskelettale Modelle der Schulter, welche auf einem inversdynamischen Ansatz beruhen, berechnen jedoch zumeist sinkende Muskelaktivitäten und damit verbunden erniedrigte Gelenkreaktionskräfte. Um dieser Diskrepanz nachzugehen, wurden mehrere kinematische, kinetische und Muskelmodell Parameter auf ihre Auswirkung bezüglich Muskelaktivität und Gelenkreaktionskraft evaluiert und mit experimentellen elektromyographischen Messungen und der Literatur verglichen. Ferner wurde der Muskelfaserverlauf der anterioren, lateralen und posterioren Deltoiden mittels virtueller Torus-Objekte innerhalb des verwendeten Schultermodelles für die Abduktion optimiert. Die erste der beiden klinischen Fragestellungen der dargelegten Arbeit bezieht sich auf eine Transposition der langen Bizepssehne. Mehrere verschiedene tenodese Techniken oder eine Tenotomie finden hierbei im klinischen Alltag Anwendung. Eine Untersuchung bezüglich biomechanischer Aspekte der unterschiedlichen Techniken ermöglicht hierbei Einblicke, welche am ehesten dem Normalzustand im Bezug auf Gelenkskraftentwicklung entspricht. Zwei tenodese Techniken und die Tenotomy wurden hierbei während der Ellbogenflexion, Pronation und einer kombinierten Bewegung simuliert, wobei die Reaktionskräfte undMomente im Schulter und Ellenbogengelenk mit einem intakten Modell verglichen wurden. Die zweite klinische Anwendung betrifft eine Ruptur des m. supraspinatus. Die Kinematik und Muskelaktivität gesunder und pathologischer Probanden wurden hierbei experimentell bei 6 verschiedenen Bewegungen gemessen. Die Probanden wurden in Simulationsmodellen mit und ohne Riss des m. supraspinatus nachgebildet. Hierbei sollte ermittelt werden, ob ein generisches Modell Muskelrekrutierungsänderungen aufgrund eine Ruptur adäquat abbilden kann. Auf Simulationsebene konnte die Arbeit die mechanischen Eigenschaften des Hill Muskelmodelles als mögliche physiologische Ursache und Erklärung für die steigenden Reaktionskräfte im Glenohumeralgelenk bei Abduktion >90° identifizieren. Im Bezug auf die biomechanischen Auswirkungen verschiedener tenodese Techniken der langen Bizepssehne scheint eine Verankerung an der Bicipitalrille aus mechanischer Sicht am ehesten die Kräfte des gesunden Modelles zu erzeugen. Dies liegt an der Präservation der generellen Richtung des Hebelarmes des langen Bizeps. Der Vergleich zwischen modellierten Aktivitäten mit und ohne Ruptur des m. supraspinatus konnte keine Übereinstimmung der simulierten und experimentellen Unterschiede bei symptomatischen Patienten zeigen. Dies wird auf eine eventuelle Veränderung der Kinematik der Scapula zurückgeführt, welche nicht im verwendeten Modell Berücksichtigt wird. Die Erkenntnisse könnten jedoch für asymptomatische Rupturen gültig sein. Hierbei ist die Aussage, das die Änderung in der Muskelrekrutierung nur geringfügig ist, jedoch die Kumulative Erhöhung signifikante Auswirkung auf die Gelenkreaktionskraft hat. Y1 - 2020 UR - https://epub.uni-regensburg.de/44291/ ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Engl, Fabian A1 - Buchmann, Erik A1 - Mottok, Jürgen ED - Chetouani, Aladine ED - Vilanueva, Arantxa ED - Bruno, Alessandro ED - Echeverria, Rebeca T1 - Predicting User Perception based on Stimuli-Independent Saccade Transitions T2 - ETRA '26: Proceedings of the 2026 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications, Marrakesh, Morocco 01.-04.06.2026 Y1 - 2026 SN - 9798400725197 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1145/3797246.3804830 SP - 1 EP - 7 PB - ACM CY - New York, NY ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Diamantidis, Dimitris T1 - Risk informed decision criteria for the sustainable design of renewable energy infrastructures T2 - Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Sustainable Chemical and Environmental Engineering (SUSTENG 2022), 31st Aug - 4th Sep 2022, Rethymno, Crete, Greece - hybrid event KW - renewable energ KW - risk KW - DESIGN KW - infrastructures KW - reliabilit Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.susteng.eu/p/proceedings SN - 978-618-86417-0-9 SP - 226 EP - 227 PB - Design of Environmental Processes Laboratory School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Crete, Greece ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Finzel, Bettina A1 - Tafler, David E. A1 - Scheele, Stephan A1 - Schmid, Ute ED - Edelkamp, Stefan ED - Möller, Ralf ED - Rueckert, Elmar T1 - Explanation as a Process: User-Centric Construction of Multi-level and Multi-modal Explanations T2 - KI 2021: Advances in Artificial Intelligence N2 - In the last years, XAI research has mainly been concerned with developing new technical approaches to explain deep learning models. Just recent research has started to acknowledge the need to tailor explanations to different contexts and requirements of stakeholders. Explanations must not only suit developers of models, but also domain experts as well as end users. Thus, in order to satisfy different stakeholders, explanation methods need to be combined. While multi-modal explanations have been used to make model predictions more transparent, less research has focused on treating explanation as a process, where users can ask for information according to the level of understanding gained at a certain point in time. Consequently, an opportunity to explore explanations on different levels of abstraction should be provided besides multi-modal explanations. We present a process-based approach that combines multi-level and multi-modal explanations. The user can ask for textual explanations or visualizations through conversational interaction in a drill-down manner. We use Inductive Logic Programming, an interpretable machine learning approach, to learn a comprehensible model. Further, we present an algorithm that creates an explanatory tree for each example for which a classifier decision is to be explained. The explanatory tree can be navigated by the user to get answers of different levels of detail. We provide a proof-of-concept implementation for concepts induced from a semantic net about living beings. KW - Explanatory processes KW - Inductive Logic Programming KW - Multi-level explanations KW - Multi-modal explanations KW - Semantic net Y1 - 2021 SN - 978-3-030-87625-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-87626-5_7 SP - 80 EP - 94 PB - Springer International Publishing CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hauser, Florian A1 - Ezer, Timur A1 - Grabinger, Lisa A1 - Mottok, Jürgen A1 - Gruber, Hans ED - Mottok, Jürgen ED - Hagel, Georg T1 - A Unified Holistic Model of Visual Perception for Code Reviews T2 - ECSEE 2025; Proceedings of the 6th European Conference on Software Engineering Education, Seeon Germany, 02 06 2025 - 04 .06 2025 N2 - Despite being a well-structured domain, software engineering lacks standardized definitions, metrics, and theories for analyzing eye movements in domain-specific tasks. This gap can be addressed by adapting models from other fields, such as radiology and psychology. In particular, the holistic models of image perception provide a suitable framework for software engineering applications. This paper introduces a unified model of visual perception focused on eye movements during code reviews. It is based on prior research, findings from other studies, and cross-domain theories. Empirical studies on C and C++ code reviews confirm a phase-based process, where experts switch between global scanning and focal viewing. In addition, significant differences in the fixation rate, fixation duration, number of saccades, and AOI-specific metrics highlight the role of expertise in visual processing. The proposed model offers a structured framework for eye-tracking analysis in software engineering, defining relevant metrics and supporting future refinements across various software engineering tasks. KW - expertise KW - eye tracking KW - Software engineering education KW - visual perception KW - code reviews Y1 - 2025 SN - 9798400712821 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1145/3723010.3723017 SP - 115 EP - 124 PB - ACM Association for Computing Machinery ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Krenkel, Lars A1 - Erzinger, Florian A1 - Rütten, Markus T1 - Experimental investigation of the aerodynamics of maple seeds in native free fall and controlled autorotation condition T2 - Jahresbericht 2024 zum 24. DGLR-Fachsymposium der STAB, 13. - 14. November 2024, Regensburg Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.dlr.de/de/as/aktuelles/veranstaltungen/stab/dglr_fachsymposium-der-stab/stab-jahresbericht_2024.pdf/@@download/file SP - 62 EP - 63 PB - Deutsche Strömungsmechanische Arbeitsgemeinschaft, STAB ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Grabinger, Lisa A1 - Mottok, Jürgen ED - Maedche, Alexander ED - Beigl, Michael ED - Gerling, Kathrin ED - Mayer, Sven T1 - Statistical Analysis of Eye Movement Data for Beginners T2 - MuC '24: Proceedings of Mensch und Computer 2024, Karlsruhe Germany, 01. - 04.09.2024 N2 - Data processing and (statistical) data analysis are important tasks in empirical research. However, they present a particular hurdle for beginners. For one, they require knowledge of statistical methods, their prerequisites, or use cases; For another, one needs either programming skills or some software system to carry out the analyses efficiently. Empirical eye tracking research poses a further hurdle; Data from an eye tracker is processed more elaborately and usually merged with data from other sources (e.g., questionnaires). In this article, we take a closer look at the possibilities that prospective eye tracking researchers have on their way from data collection to publication-ready analysis. We show that there is currently no software system that allows valid statistical analyses of eye tracking data to be performed without prior knowledge – which means that prospective eye tracking researchers need to learn or be taught the basics before performing actual analyses. As a solution, we present a novel tool: eyenalyzer. It guides through the analysis process – even without prior knowledge and therefore suitable for beginners. In the article, after highlighting the need for the tool, we discuss its development, give a glimpse at the user interface, and point out contribution and future work. KW - data analysis KW - empirical research KW - eye tracking KW - statistics KW - tool Y1 - 2024 SN - 9798400709982 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1145/3670653.3670678 SP - 21 EP - 28 PB - ACM CY - New York, NY, USA ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Grabinger, Lisa A1 - Al Madi, Naser A1 - Bednarik, Roman A1 - Busjahn, Teresa A1 - Engl, Fabian A1 - Ezer, Timur A1 - Gruber, Hans A1 - Hauser, Florian A1 - Maletic, Jonathan I. A1 - Obaidellah, Unaizah A1 - Park, Kang-il A1 - Sharif, Bonita A1 - Sharafi, Zohreh A1 - Shepherd, Lynsay A1 - Mottok, Jürgen ED - Mottok, Jürgen ED - Hagel, Georg T1 - A Cookbook for Eye Tracking in Software Engineering T2 - Proceedings of the 6th European Conference on Software Engineering Education : ECSEE 2025. - Seeon Germany, 02 06 2025 - 04 .06 2025 N2 - Eye tracking technology offers valuable insights into how developers and users interact with software artifacts, tools, and interfaces. However, conducting empirical eye tracking research comes with a number of challenges. To assist researchers and students new to the field, this article provides a concise summary of the background as well as the key considerations. As an additional resource, we present a detailed checklist along with its application. Note that both the outline and the checklist are specifically tailored to, but not limited to, the context of software engineering research. KW - checklist KW - empirical research KW - reference guide Y1 - 2025 SN - 9798400712821 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1145/3723010.3723018 SP - 60 EP - 76 PB - ACM Association for Computing Machinery ER - TY - INPR A1 - Bauerfeind, Philipp A1 - Salarpour, Amir A1 - Fernandez, David A1 - MohajerAnsari, Pedram A1 - Reschke, Johannes A1 - Pesé, Mert D. T1 - David vs. Goliath: A comparative study of different-sized LLMs for code generation in the domain of automotive scenario generation N2 - Scenario simulation is central to testing autonomous driving systems. Scenic, a domain-specific language (DSL) for CARLA, enables precise and reproducible scenarios, but NL-to-Scenic generation with large language models (LLMs) suffers from scarce data, limited reproducibility, and inconsistent metrics. We introduce NL2Scenic, an open dataset and framework with 146 NL/Scenic pairs, a difficulty-stratified 30-case test split, an Example Retriever, and 14 prompting variants (ZS, FS, CoT, SP, MoT). We evaluate 13 models: four proprietary (GPT-4o, GPT-5, Claude-Sonnet-4, Gemini-2.5-pro) and nine open-source code models (Qwen2.5Coder 0.5B-32B; CodeLlama 7B/13B/34B), using text metrics (BLEU, ChrF, EDIT-SIM, CrystalBLEU) and execution metrics (compilation and generation), and compare them with an expert study (n=11). EDIT-SIM correlates best with human judgments; we also propose EDIT-COMP (F1 of EDIT-SIM and compilation) as a robust dataset-level proxy that improves ranking fidelity. GPT-4o performs best overall, while Qwen2.5Coder-14B reaches about 88 percent of its expert score on local hardware. Retrieval-augmented prompting, Few-Shot with Example Retriever (FSER), consistently boosts smaller models, and scaling shows diminishing returns beyond mid-size, with Qwen2.5Coder outperforming CodeLlama at comparable scales. NL2Scenic and EDIT-COMP offer a standardized, reproducible basis for evaluating Scenic code generation and indicate that mid-size open-source models are practical, cost-effective options for autonomous-driving scenario programming. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2510.14115 ER - TY - INPR A1 - Mauerer, Wolfgang A1 - Schönberger, Manuel T1 - A Toolbox to Understand the Physics of Quantum Data Management N2 - The application of quantum computing to data management has attracted growing interest, yet remains constrained by a limited understanding of how the physical behaviour of quantum devices relates to the structure and difficulty of database problems. In particular, evaluating quantum annealing approaches for combinatorial optimisation, which is central to many data management tasks, poses significant challenges beyond the scope of conventional empirical and complexity-theoretic methods. We present a computational toolbox for the systematic numerical analysis of quantum annealing processes derived from data management problem formulations. Adopting a physics-informed perspective, the toolbox enables the study of spectral and dynamical properties -- such as energy gaps and eigenstate structure -- that are inaccessible through direct hardware measurements, yet essential for understanding computational hardness and scaling behaviour. Our approach further provides derived quantities and visualisation techniques that support the interpretation of optimisation dynamics, the identification of structural similarities to canonical physical models, and the construction of reduced effective descriptions. By bridging methodological gaps between quantum computing and database systems research, this work establishes a principled foundation for evaluating quantum approaches and guiding future co-design efforts. KW - Empirical analysis KW - Multi-Query Optimisation KW - Quantum Annealing KW - Quantum DBMS Y1 - 2026 UR - https://arxiv.org/pdf/2605.14719 ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Weber, Karsten A1 - Haug, Sonja T1 - Diffusion altersgerechter Assistenzsysteme - Kennzahlenerhebung und Identifikation von Nutzungshemmnissen (DAAS-KIN) : Abschlussbericht : Förderdauer: 24 Monate, Laufzeit 01.01.2019-31.12.2020 Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2314/KXP:1818382024 CY - Regensburg ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Verbundprojekt: Atemgasanalytik für Stoffwechselanomalien (BreathSens) : Kurzbericht, Ausführlicher Abschlussbericht zum Teilvorhaben: Erforschung eines kompakten photoakustischen Sensorsystems zur Detektion von Aceton im sub-ppm Spurengasbereich im menschlichen Ausatemgas : Projektlaufzeit: 01.05.2019-31.12.2022 (44 Monate) Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2314/KXP:1885061900 N1 - Förderkennzeichen BMBF 13GW0325C Verbundnummer 01188925 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - "MAGGIE: Energetische Modernisierung des genossenschaftlichen Wohnquartiers Margaretenau" : Musterlösungen für solaroptimiertes Wohnen mit innovativen solaraktiven Baustoffen und vorhersagebasierter Versorgungstechnologie in Kombination mit einem neuen Hybridsystem aus Wärmepumpentechnologie und Kraft-Wärme-Kopplung : Schlussbericht der OTH Regensburg (Projektkoordination) zum BMWK-Verbundforschungsvorhaben : Fördermaßnahme: Solares Bauen im 6. Energieforschungsprogramm der Bundesregierung : Förderbereich: Energieeffizienz in Gebäuden : Projektlaufzeit: 01.10.2017 bis 30.06.2022 Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2314/KXP:1883908906 N1 - Förderkennzeichen BMWK 03SBE0007A+C+E Verbundnummer 01180590 ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Mottok, Jürgen T1 - EVELIN - Experimentelle Verbesserung des Lernens von Software Engineering : Abschlussbericht - OTH Regensburg : Laufzeit: 01.01.2017-31.03.2021 Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2314/KXP:1843588463 ER - TY - INPR A1 - Weber, Karsten A1 - Scorna, Ulrike T1 - Ethical evaluation of technology in the classroom - three methods that are practice-oriented and proven in practice N2 - Ethical, legal, social impact research (ELSI) research is increasingly becoming an integral part of research and development (R&D) projects-not least because funding bodies such as the EU explicitly demand that technology be developed on the basis of moral values or that responsible research and innovation (RRI) be carried out. The underlying idea is that the design of technology should take into account all stakeholder interests; the identification of these interests and the morally sound balance between conflicting interests should be achieved through participatory processes. Ethical guidelines or other codifications of norms and values are only suitable for this purpose to a limited extent. In practice, more applicable methods are needed. Such methods have been developed in recent years, tested and used in R&D practice. Three methods based on discourse ethics, which can be combined, shall be presented. These methods can also be used in the education of pupils and students to provide an understanding of applied ethics and moral conflicts that arise from technology. KW - MEESTAR KW - Action Sheets KW - Ethics Canva KW - ethical evaluation KW - education Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.19210.08645 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Klug, Katharina A1 - Stadler, Sebastian A1 - Riemann, Janine ED - Arica, Mahmut ED - Wolf, Annett T1 - Immersive Consumer Experience: XR-Technologien als Instrument hyper-personalisierter Customer Journeys T2 - Hyper-Personalization: Strategien, Potenziale und Anwendungen für eine personalisierte Kundenansprache N2 - Die zunehmende Verschmelzung physischer, digitaler und virtueller Umgebungen verändert die Customer Journey grundlegend. Dieser Beitrag untersucht, wie Extended Reality (XR)-Technologien hyperpersonalisierte Konsumerlebnisse ermöglichen, die in Echtzeit auf individuelle Nutzerinformationen reagieren. Aufbauend auf dem Konzept der immersive Consumer Experience (iCX) wird gezeigt, wie Immersion, Präsenz und Interaktivität die Basis dynamisch personalisierter Markenerlebnisse bilden. Anhand der AR-basierten Plattform ModiFace von L’Oréal wird exemplarisch dargestellt, wie KI-gestützte Gesichtserkennung und Computer Vision individuelle Nutzermerkmale in immersive, emotional involvierende und verhaltenswirksame Markenerfahrungen übersetzen. Der Beitrag zeigt, wie XR-basierte Hyperpersonalisierung emotionale Bindung, kognitive Verarbeitung und Kaufintention stärkt, indem sie Kontrolle, Selbstpräsenz und ästhetische Passung erhöht. KW - Augmented Reality (AR) KW - Customer Journey (CJ) KW - Extended Reality (XR) KW - Hyperpersonalisierung KW - Immersive Consumer Experience (iCX) KW - Mixed Reality (MR) KW - Virtual Reality (VR) Y1 - 2026 SN - 978-3-658-51634-5 SN - 978-3-658-51635-2 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-51635-2_1 SP - 1 EP - 19 PB - Springer Gabler CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Stadler, Sebastian A1 - Cornet, Henriette A1 - Frenkler, Fritz T1 - Criteria Evaluation of a Virtual Reality Platform to Investigate People’s Behaviour towards Autonomous Vehicles T2 - Driving Simulation Conference Europe 2020, 9-11 Sep 2020, Antibes, France N2 - Additionally to methods such as Wizard-of-Oz and questionnaires, Virtual Reality (VR) is already used by a considerable number of researchers in the field of autonomous mobility. One of the applications for VR is the investigation of people's behaviours towards autonomous vehicles as pedestrians and passengers. The goal of the paper is to evaluate the suitability of a VR platform for this specific application and to compare it to other methods. For this evaluation, criteria are defined and weighted based on a literature review and interviews with experts from VR industries and academia. A qualitative assessment of the VR platform is conducted with the weighted criteria, which enables the comparison to other methods. The results show that aspects such as safety and validity of results are the most important criteria for conducting research in the field of autonomous mobility, followed by criteria such as the involvement of time and cost as well as a usable interaction with the system. In future research, alternative methods will be tested in the same context in order to objectify the findings and further refine the criteria set. KW - Virtual Reality KW - Autonomous Vehicles KW - Evaluation Criteria KW - Driving Simulation Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.researchgate.net/publication/344629044_Criteria_Evaluation_of_a_Virtual_Reality_Platform_to_Investigate_People's_Behaviour_towards_Autonomous_Vehicles ER - TY - GEN ED - Schermer, Detleff ED - Brehm, Eric T1 - Mauerwerk-Kalender 2025 BT - Aspekte der Nachhaltigkeit N2 - Seit einem halben Jahrhundert begleitet der Mauerwerk-Kalender die erfolgreiche Bauweise. Der Jubiläumsband widmet sich ganz dem Thema des Nachhaltigkeit und ist weiterhin das verlässliche Nachschlagewerk mit den Eigenschaftswerten von Mauersteinen, Mauermörtel, Mauerwerk und Putzen, mit der aktuellen Übersicht über die Allgemeinen Bauaufsichtlichen Zulassungen bzw. Allgemeinen Bauartgenehmigungen dieses Fachgebietes und mit der Zusammenstellung der geltenden technischen Regeln für den Mauerwerksbau. Ein Schwerpunkt des diesjährigen Kalenders ist das klimaeffiziente und nachhaltige Bauen mit Mauerwerk. In mehreren Beiträgen wird ausführlich auf Methoden zur Erreichung von Klimaneutralität in den Baustoffen eingegangen. Dabei wird der Bogen von neuartigen Dämmstoffen bis hin zu innovativen Ansätzen im Entwurf nachhaltiger Gebäude geschlagen. Damit ist der vorliegende Band ein Werk, dass nicht nur für die mit Mauerwerk planenden Architekten und Ingenieure interessant ist, sondern generell Ansätze zur Erreichung möglichst nachhaltiger Gebäude liefert. KW - Mauerwerksbau KW - Mauerwerk KW - Kunststoffbauteil Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-433-03445-3 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/9783433612019 VL - 48 PB - Ernst & Sohn CY - Berlin ER - TY - GEN ED - Schermer, Detleff ED - Brehm, Eric T1 - Mauerwerk‐Kalender 2026 BT - Nachhaltigkeit und Bestandserhaltung KW - Mauerwerksbau KW - Mauerwerk Y1 - 2026 SN - 9783433612309 SN - 9783433034705 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/9783433612309 VL - 51 PB - Ernst & Sohn CY - Berlin ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Schermer, Detleff A1 - Butenweg, Christoph A1 - Ruppik, Michael T1 - Neue Ansätze für die realistische Bemessung von Mauerwerksbauten unter Horizontallasten N2 - Hintergrund Ziel und Ergebnis des Forschungsprojekts bestand in der Schaffung von Planungshil-fen um realistische Berechnungs- und Bemessungsansätze für schubbeanspruchte monolithische Ziegelwände zu vervollständigen, so dass die Anwendung der Sys-temlösungen nicht an der unzureichenden Ausnutzung der Tragwerksreserven schei-tert. Die Integration neuer praxistauglicher Nachweiswege führen zu einer Verbesse-rung der Wettbewerbsfähigkeit, da die Tragwerksplaner aus statischen Gründen nicht zu einem Wechsel der Bauart gezwungen werden. Dies stärkt die Marktposition der kleinen und mittelständischen Unternehmen der Ziegelindustrie, die mit den Projekter-gebnissen ihre Systemlösungen besser am Markt platzieren können. Durchführung und Ergebnisse In dem vorliegenden Projekt wurden Grundlagenuntersuchungen für neue Ansätze einer realistischen Berechnung und Bemessung von modernen Mauerwerksbauten aus Ziegelmauerwerk durchgeführt, um die bereits nachgewiesenen höheren Tragfä-higkeiten auf Gebäudeebene in den Normen und der Baupraxis verfügbar zu machen. Dazu wurden experimentelle und rechnerische Untersuchungen auf drei Modellebe-nen durchgeführt. Auf der untersten Modellebene wurden experimentelle Untersu-chungen an Kleinbauteilen zur Ermittlung der Material- und Festigkeitskennwerte von Stein, Mörtel und Mauerwerk durchgeführt. Auf der zweiten Modellebene erfolgte eine Zusammenstellung und systematische Auswertung von verfügbaren Schubwandver-suchen an modernem Ziegelmauerwerk. Die Versuche und Auswertungsergebnisse wurden in einer Datenbank aufbereitet, in der Funktionalitäten zur automatisierten Da-tenauswertung und Erzeugung von beliebigen Ergebnisansichten implementiert wur-den. Zusätzlich wurde ein nichtlineares Wandmodul entwickelt, mit dem Variantenbe-rechnungen für unterschiedliche Wandgeometrien und Auflastniveaus durchgeführt wurden. Hierzu wurden die typischen Auflastniveaus für Reihen-, Ein- und Mehrfami-lienhäuser vorab in einer Parameterstudie ermittelt. Auf Grundlage der erstellten Da-tenbank und der Parameterstudie wurden die Geometrien und Auflastniveaus für die anschließenden ergänzenden zyklischen Schubwandversuche so festgelegt, dass unterschiedliche Versagensformen und deren Kombinationen aktiviert werden. Auf der dritten Modellebene wurden zwei dreidimensionale Berechnungsmodelle basierend auf den Ergebnissen der ersten beiden Modellebenen entwickelt. Aus den experimentellen Ergebnissen ergibt sich die Schlussfolgerung, dass eine scharfe Trennung der Versagensformen in der Realität in der Regel nicht möglich ist. Weiterhin stimmen die prognostizierten Versagensformen und deren Orte zwischen Norm und Experiment häufig nicht überein. Dies lässt sich darauf zurückführen, dass das Versagenskriterium nach Mann-Müller im Wandfußbereich primär ein Steinzug-versagen prognostiziert, da der dort vorliegende Spannungszustand durch dieses Krite-rium nicht korrekt erfasst wird. Dadurch ergeben sich auch deutliche Unterschiede in den Tragfähigkeiten, die weiter zu untersuchen sind. Die Ergebnisse unterstreichen die Notwendigkeit für die Einführung eines verbesserten normativen Bemessungskon-zepts, das den fließenden Übergang, vorhandene Traglastreserven und das häufig auftretende Mischversagen angemessen berücksichtigt und somit die Tragfähigkeiten zutreffender prognostiziert. Die erzielten Projektergebnisse können dazu einen wichti-gen Beitrag liefern. Die erzielten Ergebnisse fließen in die Normung ein und stehen dann den KMU der Tragwerksplaner für erfolgreiche statische Nachweise mit Ziegelmauerwerk zur Verfü-gung. Damit wird gleichzeitig die Wettbewerbsfähigkeit der produzierenden kleinen und mittleren Unternehmen in der Ziegelindustrie gestärkt, die ihre Systemlösungen besser am Markt platzieren können. Das IGF-Vorhaben 20988 N der Forschungsvereinigung Ziegelindustrie e.V. wurde über die AiF im Rahmen des Programms zur Förderung der Industriellen Gemein-schaftsforschung (IGF) vom Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Klimaschutz auf-grund eines Beschlusses des Deutschen Bundestages gefördert. Es handelt sich um ein Forschungsprojekt der Forschungsgemeinschaft der Ziegelindustrie e.V. (FGZ), das vom Institut für Ziegelforschung Essen e.V. (IZF), dem Center for Wind and Earthquake Engineering (CWE) RWTH Aachen und von der Ostbayerische Technische Hochschu-le Regensburg; Fakultät Bauingenieurwesen (OTH) durchgeführt wurde. (Schlussbericht vom 31.12.2023) Y1 - 2023 ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Schermer, Detleff A1 - Meißner, Jonathan T1 - Planziegelmauerwerk – Bestimmung der Eingangswerte für die Bemessung auf Basis von Versuchen: Druckfestigkeitsprüfung an Wandprüfkörpern und Ersatzprüfverfahren N2 - Ziel und Ergebnis des Forschungsprojekts bestand zum einen in der Analyse des Last-Verformungs-Verhalten von Mauerwerkswänden aus Planhochlochziegeln mit Groß- und Kleinkammerlochung unter dominierender Normalkraftbeanspruchung und zum anderen abgesicherte Bemessungsvorgaben auf Basis der vorangegangenen Analyse zu erarbeiten. Die wesentliche Randbedingung der Bemessungsvorgabe stellte dabei die Verträglichkeit mit den normativen Bemessungsansatz mittels starr-plastischem Spannungsblock unter Berücksichtigung der unterschiedlichen Lochbilder (Groß- und Kleinkammerlochung) sowie die aktuelle Prüfvorgabe des doppelt-exzentrischen-Druckversuchs an geschosshohen Mauerwerkswänden dar. Zunächst wurden von beiden Forschungseinrichtungen die wesentlichen Norm- und Festigkeitseigenschaften der im Rahmen des Forschungsprojektes verwendeten Planziegeltypen (jeweils ein Groß- und Kleinkammerziegel) bestimmt. Zusätzlich wurden an Einzelsteinen sog. Teilflächenbelastungen durchgeführt, welche zur Bewertung der Bemessungssituation in Bezug auf die unstetige Spannungsverteilung am Wand-fuß herangezogen werden. Anschließend wurde das Last-Verformungs-Verhalten der untersuchten Planziegel auf Basis geschosshoher Mauerwerkswände und RILEM-Prüfkörper in Anlehnung an DIN EN 1052-1 unter zentrischer Normalkraftbeanspruchung ermittelt. Parallel dazu wurde eine fundierte Datenbasis auf Grundlage der eigenen experimenteller Ergebnis-se sowie zahlreicher Versuchsergebnisse externer Untersuchungen – vom projektbegleitenden Ausschuss der AMZ zur Verfügung gestellt – erarbeitet und zusammengefasst. Darauf aufbauend konnte auf Basis der daraus ausgewerteten Spannungs-Dehnungs-Beziehungen das Systemverhalten verschiedener Mauerwerkswände ana-lysiert und bewertet werden. Zudem stellte sich eine gute bis sehr gute Übereinstimmung der eigenen Versuchsergebnisse mit der erarbeiteten Datenbasis hinsichtlich des Last-Verformungs-Verhaltens dar. Im zweiten experimentellen Bearbeitungsteil erfolgten in Anlehnung des gegenwärtig im Zulassungsverfahren geforderten Prüfverfahrens doppelt-exzentrische Druckversuche sowohl an RILEM-Prüfköper als auch geschosshohe Wandprüfkörper. Die an-schließende analytische Auswertung auf Querschnittsebene zeigte, dass sich infolge Umlagerungseffekte z.T. größere Randspannungen als bei zentrischer Beanspruchung ergeben. Um die analytischen Beziehungen in den normativen Bemessungsansatz am Wand-kopf zu überführen, wurde auf Grundlage der Datenbasis die Moment-Normalkraft-Interkation abgeleitet. Für die Bezugsgröße wurde die auf einen einheitlichen Schlankheitsgrad normierte zentrische Druckfestigkeit zu Grunde gelegt und entspricht der mittels starr-plastischem Spannungsblock zulässigen Beanspruchbarkeit. Durch die Gegenüberstellung des exzentrischen bzw. zentrischen Spannungsblocks auf Basis der Moment-Normalkraft-Interaktion zeigt sich, dass die Bemessung auf Basis eines reduzierten Spannungsblocks durchgeführt werden kann. Die Beanspruchungssituation am Wandfuß – wo insbesondere aus der teilaufliegenden Decke Un-stetigkeiten im Spannungs- und Dehnungszustand resultieren – kann ebenfalls mit einem reduzierten Spannungsblock Rechnung getragen werden. Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.researchgate.net/publication/375962485_Planziegelmauerwerk_-_Bestimmung_der_Eingangswerte_fur_die_Bemessung_auf_Basis_von_Versuchen_Druckfestigkeitsprufung_an_Wandprufkorpern_und_Ersatzprufverfahren ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hofmann, Philipp ED - Schermer, Detleff ED - Brehm, Eric T1 - Übersicht über abgeschlossene und laufende Forschungsvorhaben im Mauerwerksbau T2 - Mauerwerk-Kalender 2025 N2 - Seit Jahrzehnten ist der Mauerwerk-Kalender ein unverzichtbares Nachschlagewerk für Fachleute im Bereich des Mauerwerksbaus. Neben den bewährten Inhalten zu bemessungstechnischen und baupraktischen Fragestellungen werden auch aktuelle Forschungsthemen vorgestellt. Daher soll auch in diesem Mauerwerk-Kalender mit den Herausgebern Prof. Dr.-Ing. Eric Brehm von der Hochschule Karlsruhe und Prof. Dr.-Ing. Detleff Schermer von der OTH Regensburg eine Übersicht über die aktuelle Forschungssituation im Bereich Mauerwerksbau enthalten sein. Im Folgenden werden die aktuellen Forschungsstellen informativ aufgeführt. Des Weiteren bietet Abschnitt „Laufende Forschungsvorhaben“ einen kurzen Überblick über gegenwärtige Forschungsprojekte im Bereich des Mauerwerksbaus. Damit wird der aktuelle Stand der Forschung veröffentlicht, um sowohl als fundierte Wissensgrundlage als auch zur Ausrichtung zukünftiger Forschungsprojekte zu dienen. Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-433-03445-3 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/9783433612019.ch16 VL - 50 SP - 333 EP - 366 PB - Ernst & Sohn Verlag CY - Berlin ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Rösl, Gerhard A1 - Seitz, Franz T1 - Resilience and the cash infrastructure : the role of access, acceptance, availability, and affordability N2 - We analyze the role of a well-functioning cash infrastructure for the stabilizing role of cash and the resilience of cash cycles. For that purpose, experiences from developed countries with low and high cash usage are assessed by istinguishing between demand and supply factors to demonstrate that cash has to keep a vital role as a means of payment not only to maintain its status of a highly liquid store-of-value but also as an efficient tool to combat crises. To do so, access, availability, acceptance, and affordability of cash are crucial building blocks of a robust cash infrastructure. Important aspects are also the public good characteristics of the “institution” cash which should encourage central banks to re-evaluate their position of “neutrality” as a player in the payments market to a more active role. T3 - REGENSBURG PAPERS IN MANAGEMENT AND ECONOMICS - 9 Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-84347 SN - 978-3-96256-007-2 CY - Regensburg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Goetz, Julia A1 - Maderbacher, Günther A1 - Gerg, Anna A1 - Leiss, Franziska A1 - Dullien, Silvia A1 - Zeman, Florian A1 - Meyer, Matthias A1 - Reinhard, Jan A1 - Grifka, Joachim A1 - Greimel, Felix T1 - Isokinetic knee muscle strength comparison after enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) versus conventional setup in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) BT - a single blinded prospective randomized study JF - Journal of Experimental Orthopaedics N2 - Purpose Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) combined with the concept of enhanced recovery is of continued worldwide interest, as it is reported to improve early functional outcome and treatment quality without increasing complications. The aim of the study was to investigate isokinetic knee muscle strength after cemented TKA in combination with an enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) compared to a conventional setup. Methods In the single blinded prospective randomized study, 52 patients underwent navigated primary cemented TKA within an ERAS (n?=?30) or a conventional setup (n?=?22). Preoperatively, five days and four weeks after surgery isokinetic knee muscle strength with BIODEX-type measuring device (peak torque in Nm, work in Joules and power in Watt) and subjective patient-related outcome measures (PROMs) were investigated. Results The ERAS group showed significantly better outcomes in knee flexion at 180°/s (peak torque (Nm) p?=?0.047, work (J) p?=?0.040 and power (W) p?=?0.016) 5 days postoperatively. The isokinetic measuring at knee extension 60°/s and 180°/s demonstrated no significant difference. The PROMs showed that patients were satisfied with the postoperative results in both groups. After 4 weeks, there was no longer a significant difference in isokinetic measuring at knee extension and flexion between the ERAS and conventional group. Conclusions TKA with the concept of ERAS improves excellent isokinetic outcome and patient satisfaction. The isokinetic muscle strength measurement can help patients and surgeons to modify expectations and improve patient satisfaction. KW - Biodex KW - Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) KW - Knee isokinetic muscle strength KW - PROMS (patient reported outcome measures) KW - Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:355-epub-540863 SN - 2197-1153 VL - 10 IS - 1 PB - Springer Nature ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Greimel, Felix A1 - Maderbacher, Günther A1 - Baier, Clemens A1 - Krieg, Bernd A1 - Zeman, Florian A1 - Grifka, Joachim A1 - Keshmiri, Armin T1 - Medial Open Wedge High tibial Osteotomy (MOWHTO) does not relevantly alter patellar kinematics: a cadaveric study JF - Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery N2 - Purpose The purpose of this study was to quantify the influence of medial open wedge high tibial osteotomy on patellar kinematics using optical computer navigation, as anterior knee pain infrequently occurs postoperatively and the reason is still being unknown. Methods Ten medial open wedge high tibial osteotomies at supratuberosity level in 5 full body specimens were performed. The effect of the surgical procedure on patellar kinematics, measured at 5 and 10 degrees of leg alignment correction angle, was analyzed and compared to native patellar kinematics during passive motion-regarding patella shift, tilt, epicondylar distance and rotation. Linear mixed models were used for statistical analysis, a two-sidedpvalue of <= 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Tilt behavior, medial shift and epicondylar distance did not show a significant difference regarding natural patellar kinematics at both osteotomy levels. Both osteotomy correction angles showed a significant less external rotation of the patella (p < 0.001, respectively) compared to natural kinematics. Conclusions Except less external rotation of the patella, medial open wedge high tibial osteotomy does not seem to relevantly alter patellar alignment during passive motion. Future clinical studies have to prove the effect of MOWHTO on patellar kinematics measured in this experimental setup, especially regarding its influence on anterior knee pain. KW - Biomechanics KW - Computer navigation KW - High tibial osteotomy KW - HTO KW - IMPACT KW - Patellar kinematics KW - Patellar tracking KW - PATELLOFEMORAL ALIGNMENT KW - VARUS KNEE Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00402-020-03578-1 SN - 1434-3916 SN - 0936-8051 VL - 142 IS - 1 SP - 13 EP - 21 PB - Springer Nature CY - New York ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Kara, Ahmet A1 - Luo, Zheng A1 - Nikolic, Milos A1 - Olteanu, Dan A1 - Zhang, Haozhe ED - Roy, Sudeepa ED - Kara, Ahmet T1 - Tractable Conjunctive Queries over Static and Dynamic Relations T2 - 28th International Conference on Database Theory: ICDT 2025 March 2528 2025 Barcelona Spain. - (LIPIcs - Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics ; 328) N2 - We investigate the evaluation of conjunctive queries over static and dynamic relations. While static relations are given as input and do not change, dynamic relations are subject to inserts and deletes. We characterise syntactically three classes of queries that admit constant update time and constant enumeration delay. We call such queries tractable. Depending on the class, the preprocessing time is linear, polynomial, or exponential (under data complexity, so the query size is constant). To decide whether a query is tractable, it does not suffice to analyse separately the sub-queries over the static relations and over the dynamic relations, respectively. Instead, we need to take the interaction between the static and the dynamic relations into account. Even when the sub-query over the dynamic relations is not tractable, the overall query can become tractable if the dynamic relations are sufficiently constrained by the static ones. Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-229534 SN - 978-3-95977-364-5 SP - 12:1 EP - 12:21 PB - Schloss Dagstuhl, Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik GmbH Dagstuhl Publishing CY - Saarbrücken/Wadern ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Pulido, Loreto C. A1 - Meyer, Matthias A1 - Reinhard, Jan A1 - Kappenschneider, Tobias A1 - Grifka, Joachim A1 - Weber, Markus T1 - Hospital frailty risk score predicts adverse events in spine surgery JF - European Spine Journal N2 - Purpose The Hospital Frailty Risk Score (HFRS) is derived from routinely collected data and validated as a geriatric risk stratification tool. This study aimed to evaluate the utility of the HFRS as a predictor for postoperative adverse events in spine surgery. Methods In this retrospective analysis of 2042 patients undergoing spine surgery at a university spine center between 2011 and 2019, HFRS was calculated for each patient. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess the relationship between the HFRS and postoperative adverse events. Adverse events were compared between patients with high or low frailty risk. Results Patients with intermediate or high frailty risk showed a higher rate of reoperation (19.7% vs. 12.2%, p < 0.01), surgical site infection (3.4% vs. 0.4%, p < 0.001), internal complications (4.1% vs. 1.1%, p < 0.01), Clavien-Dindo IV complications (8.8% vs. 3.4%, p < 0.001) and transfusion (10.9% vs. 1.5%, p < 0.001). Multivariable logistic regression analyses revealed a high HFRS as independent risk factor for reoperation [odds ratio (OR) = 1.1; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.0-1.2], transfusion (OR = 1.3; 95% CI 1.2-1.4), internal complications (OR = 1.2; 95% CI 1.1-1.3), surgical site infections (OR = 1.3; 95% CI 1.2-1.5) and other complications (OR = 1.3; 95% CI 1.2-1.4). Conclusion The HFRS can predict adverse events and is an easy instrument, fed from routine hospital data. By identifying risk patients at an early stage, the individual patient risk could be minimized, which leads to less complications and lower costs. KW - Adverse events KW - COMPLICATIONS KW - Frailty KW - HFRS KW - INDEX KW - MORBIDITY KW - MORTALITY KW - Spine surgery KW - TOTAL HIP Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:355-epub-522393 SN - 1432-0932 SN - 0940-6719 VL - 31 IS - 7 SP - 1621 EP - 1629 PB - Springer CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Benditz, Achim A1 - Pulido, Loreto C. A1 - Grifka, Joachim A1 - Ripke, Fabian A1 - Jansen, Petra T1 - A clinical decision support system in back pain helps to find the diagnosis: a prospective correlation study JF - Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery N2 - The aim of this study is to show the concordance of an app-based decision support system and the diagnosis given by spinal surgeons in cases of back pain. 86 patients took part within 2 months. They were seen by spine surgeons in the daily routine and then completed an app-based questionnaire that also led to a diagnosis independently. The results showed a Cramer's V = .711 (p < .001), which can be taken as a strong relation between the tool and the diagnosis of the medical doctor. Besides, in 67.4% of the cases, the diagnosis was concordant. An overestimation of the severity of the diagnosis occurred more often than underestimation (15.1% vs. 7%). The app-based tool is a safe tool to support healthcare professionals in back pain diagnosis. KW - App-based decision KW - Back pain KW - Decision support system KW - Symptom checker Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00402-021-04080-y SN - 0936-8051 SN - 1434-3916 PB - Springer Nature CY - New York ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Engl, Fabian A1 - Mottok, Jürgen A1 - Burmester, Michael T1 - Analyzing the Importance of Spatio-Temporal Patterns in Eye-Tracking Sensor Data for Predicting Perceived Usability and User Experience T2 - 2025 IEEE Sensor Data Fusion: Trends, Solutions, Applications (SDF), 24-26 November 2025, Bonn, Germany N2 - This study examines eye-tracking sensor data from 121 participants interacting with six websites to evaluate the predictive value of different eye movement features for perceived usability and user experience (UX). In total, over 36 hours of eye-tracking data, recorded at 250 Hz and totaling 32 million gaze points, were transformed into second-order eye movements events and then into third- and fourth-order machine learning features. Usability and UX ratings, collected through short versions of the User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ) and AttrakDiff questionnaires, served as labels for training six machine learning models. Results show that spatio-temporal metrics, particularly saccade sequences and Area of Interest (AOI) transitions, are the most predictive. Models trained on fourth-order features consistently outperform those based only on aggregated third-order metrics, highlighting the importance of preserving scanpath structure and sequential gaze behavior for predictive performance in eye-tracking-based Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) research. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/SDF67080.2025.11331133 SP - 1 EP - 8 PB - IEEE ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weigel, Samuel A1 - Grifka, Joachim A1 - Jansen, Petra T1 - Evaluation of a web-based back prevention program for primary school children: a randomized controlled trial JF - Scientific Reports N2 - Back pain and postural abnormalities are increasingly prevalent among primary school children and may persist into adulthood. This randomized controlled trial evaluated a 12-week web-based preventive back-care intervention for 141 children aged 6?11 years. The intervention group (n?=?71) received exercise and back-oriented education videos, while the control group (n?=?70) received only educational videos regarding general health promotion. Outcomes included short-term goals such as postural evaluation, back pain, and postural endurance, as well as prevention-oriented outcomes including trunk endurance, functional mobility, back-related knowledge, and psychological well-being (self-compassion and self-concept), complemented by parent-reported information. Exploratory analyses examined subgroup differences in program response. The intervention significantly increased back-related knowledge (p??0.050). Conclusion This prospective single-blinded randomized controlled clinical trial was able to demonstrate excellent outcome with comparable pain after ERAS THA versus a conventional setup. Therefore, ERAS could be used in daily clinical practice. KW - Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) · Total hip arthroplasty (THA) · Randomized clinical trial (RCT) · Timed up and go test (TUG) KW - Randomized clinical trial (RCT) KW - Timed up and go test (TUG) KW - Total hip arthroplasty (THA) Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00402-023-05002-w VL - 144 IS - 1 SP - 439 EP - 450 PB - Springer ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Volz, Martin A1 - Schaumburger, Jens A1 - Gellißen, Jörg A1 - Grifka, Joachim A1 - Anders, Sven T1 - A randomized controlled trial demonstrating sustained benefit of autologous matrix-induced chondrogenesis (AMIC®) over microfracture: 10-year follow-up JF - European Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery & Traumatology N2 - Purpose Autologous matrix-induced chondrogenesis (AMIC®) and microfracture are established treatments for focal chondral defects in the knee, but there are little clinical data concerning these procedures over the long term. This study evaluates the outcomes of AMIC ® compared to microfracture over 10-year follow-up. Methods Forty-seven patients were randomized and treated either with MFx (n = 13), sutured AMIC ® (n = 17) or glued AMIC ® (n = 17) in a prospective, randomized, controlled multicentre trial. The Modified Cincinnati Knee Score, a visual analogue scale for pain and MOCART score were used to assess outcomes over 10 years post-operatively. Results All treatment arms improved in the first 2 years, but a progressive and significant deterioration in scores was observed in the MFx group, while both AMIC ® groups remained stable. MOCART scores were comparable between groups. Conclusion The AMIC ® procedure results in improved patient outcomes in comparison with microfracture up to 10 years following surgery for the repair of focal chondral defects in the knee. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02993510 Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:355-epub-583492 VL - 34 SP - 2429 EP - 2437 PB - Springer Nature ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Woerner, Michael A1 - Voelkl, Korbinian A1 - Ferner, Felix A1 - Weber, Markus A1 - Renkawitz, Tobias A1 - Grifka, Joachim A1 - Craiovan, Benjamin T1 - Avascular necrosis of the femoral head: three-dimensional measurement of drilling precision reveals high accuracy and no difference between fluoroscopically controlled core decompression and cancellous bone grafting JF - Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery N2 - IntroductionAvascular osteonecrosis of the femoral head (AVN) is a widespread disease affecting mostly young and active people, often exacerbating in progressive stages, ending in joint replacement. The most common joint preserving operative therapy for early stages is core decompression (CD), optional with cancellous bone grafting (CBG). For success it is vital that the necrotic area is hit and the sclerotic rim is broken by drilling into the defect zone to relieve intraosseous pressure. The aim of this study was to investigate if both techniques are precise enough to hit the center of the necrosis and if there is a difference in precision between drilling with small pins (CD) and the trephine (CBG).Patients and methods10 patients underwent CD, 12 patients CBG with conventional C-arm imaging. Postoperatively 3D MRI reconstructions of the necrotic area and the drilling channels were compared. The deviation of the drilling channel from the center of the necrotic area was measured. PROMs (HHS, HOOS, EQ-5D, SF-36) were evaluated to compare the clinical success of these procedures.ResultsNeither with CD nor with CBG the defect zone was missed. The drilling precision of both procedures did not differ significantly: distance to center 3.58 mm for CD (range 0.0-14.06, SD 4.2) versus 3.91 mm for CBG (range 0.0-15.27, SD 4.7). PROMs showed no significant difference.ConclusionConcerning the most important difference between the two procedures-the surgical higher demanding technique of CBG-we suggest applying the less invasive technique of CD alone. KW - Bone drilling KW - Bone graft KW - CELLS KW - Core decompression KW - Femoral head necrosis KW - HIP KW - Hip joint KW - INDUCED ADIPOGENESIS KW - MANAGEMENT KW - MARROW EDEMA SYNDROME KW - MECHANISM KW - OSTEONECROSIS KW - Precision Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00402-022-04753-2 SN - 1434-3916 VL - 143 IS - 8 SP - 4713 EP - 4719 PB - Springer CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Behn, Alissa A1 - Brendle, Saskia A1 - Ehrnsperger, Marianne A1 - Zborilova, Magdalena A1 - Grupp, Thomas M. A1 - Grifka, Joachim A1 - Schäfer, Nicole A1 - Grässel, Susanne T1 - Filtered and unfiltered lipoaspirates reveal novel molecular insights and therapeutic potential for osteoarthritis treatment: a preclinical in vitro study JF - Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology N2 - Introduction: Orthobiologics, such as autologous nanofat, are emerging as a potential treatment option for osteoarthritis (OA), a common degenerative joint causing pain and disability in the elderly. Nanofat, a minimally processed human fat graft rich in stromal vascular fraction (SVF) secretory factors, has shown promise in relieving pain. This study aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying nanofat treatment of OA-affected cells and compare two filtration systems used for nanofat preparation. Methods: Chondrocytes and synoviocytes were isolated from articular cartilage and synovium of 22 OA-patients. Lipoaspirates from 13 OA-patients were emulsified using the Adinizer® or Lipocube? Nano filter systems to generate nanofat. The fluid phase of SVF from both filtered and unfiltered lipoaspirates was applied to OA-affected cells. Luminex multiplex ELISA were performed with lipoaspirates and cell supernatants alongside functional assays evaluating cell migration, proliferation, metabolic activity, and senescence. Results: A total of 62 cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, neuropeptides, matrix-degrading enzymes, and complement components were identified in lipoaspirates. Among these, significant concentration differences were observed for TIMP-2, TGF-ß3, and complement component C3 between the filtered and unfiltered samples. Nanofat enhanced chondrocyte proliferation and migration, as well as synoviocyte migration and metabolic activity, while reducing chondrocyte metabolic activity. Pain-related factors like ?-NGF, MCP-1, Substance P, VEGF, and ?CGRP were reduced, while anti-inflammatory TGF-?1+3 increased and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-5, IL-7, IL-15, and IFN-?) decreased. Nanofat also elevated secretion of complement components and TIMPs in both cell types. Notably, our results revealed no significant differences in cellular effects between sSVF filtered using the Adinizer® and Lipocube? Nano systems, as well as compared to unfiltered sSVF. Discussion: Here, we provide first insights into how autologous nanofat therapy may ameliorate OA by enhancing chondrocyte proliferation and synoviocyte migration while modulating inflammatory and pain-related factors. However, further research is needed to determine its effects on cartilage regeneration. KW - Adinizer® KW - lipoaspirates KW - LipocubeTM Nano KW - nanofat therapy KW - osteoarthritis KW - SVF Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2025.1534281 VL - 13 PB - Frontiers ER - TY - JOUR A1 - König, Matthias A. A1 - Grifka, Joachim A1 - Benditz, Achim T1 - A novel radiological classification for displaced os coccyx: the Benditz?König classification JF - European Spine Journal N2 - Background Treatment of coccygodynia is still a challenging entity. Clear surgical selection criteria are still lacking. The aim of the investigation was to establish a novel radiological classification for surgical decision-making in coccygodynia cases. Material and methods Retrospective analysis of standing and sitting X-rays of coccygodynia patients referred to a single centre from 2018 to 2020. The sacro-coccygeal angle (SCA), the intra-coccygeal angle (ICA) and the difference of the intervertebral disc height ( increment IDH) were measured. All coccyges were distributed in subtypes and correlated with the patients' treatment. Results In total, 138 patients (female/male: 103/35) with a mean age of 45.6 +/- 15.4 years were included in the study. In total, 49 patients underwent coccygectomy. Four different subtypes of displaced coccyges were identified: Type I with a non-segmented coccyx, anterior pivot, increased SCA and ICA from standing to sitting, increment IDH = 1.0 +/- 1.5 mm. Type II with a multisegmented coccyx, anterior pivot, increased SCA and ICA standing/sitting, increment IDH = 1.1 +/- 1.6 mm. Type III showed a posterior pivoted coccyx, negative SCA and ICA, increment IDH = 0.6 +/- 1.6 mm. Type IV is characterized by an anterior-posterior dissociation of the tail bone with a positive SCA, and the ICA shifted from a posterior to an anterior orientation. increment IDH was - 0.6 +/- 1.8 mm. Conclusion The presented radiological classification could help to facilitate the surgical decision-making for patients with displaced os coccyx. In addition, lateral and sitting X-rays were easy to perform and did not need unnecessary ionizing radiation like in CT scans and were more cost-effective than MRI investigations. The subtypes III and especially IV were more likely leading to surgery. KW - CHRONIC COCCYDYNIA KW - COCCYGECTOMY KW - COCCYGODYNIA KW - Coccyx KW - INJECTION KW - INTERCOCCYGEAL KW - MORPHOLOGY KW - MORPHOMETRY KW - Os coccygis KW - Radiological classification KW - SACROCOCCYGEAL KW - SITTING POSITION KW - SURGERY Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00586-021-06971-5 SN - 1432-0932 SN - 0940-6719 VL - 31 IS - 1 SP - 10 EP - 17 PB - Springer CY - New York ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Albuscheit, Markus A1 - Biniosek, Florian A1 - Grimm, Veronika A1 - Rahim, Stefan A1 - Schneider, Timo A1 - Strempler, Dennis A1 - Wirth, Johannes T1 - Im Dickicht der Wasserstoffförderung:Wie komplexe Instrumente den Markthochlauf prägen N2 - Der Hochlauf der Wasserstoffwirtschaft ist ein zentraler Baustein der Energiewende und essenziell für die Dekarbonisierung der Industrie sowie die Erreichung der Klimaziele. Die bestehende Förderlandschaft in Deutschland und Europa umfasst eine Vielzahl an Instrumenten, darunter direkte Projektsubventionen wie die Important Projects of Common European Interest Wasserstoff, auktionsbasierte Fördermechanismen wie die European Hydrogen Bank und H2Global, Carbon Contracts for Difference wie die Klimaschutzverträge, indirekte Förderinstrumente wie das europäische und nationale Emissionshandelssystem, sowie regulatorische Maßnahmen wie sektorale Nutzungsquoten und Nachhaltigkeitszertifizierungsverpflichtungen. Diese Instrumente sollen Investitionsanreize schaffen und die Marktintegration erneuerbarer und kohlenstoffarmer Wasserstofftechnologien unterstützen. Allerdings zeigt die Analyse erhebliche Herausforderungen auf. Die Vielzahl an Instrumenten und bürokratischen Prozessen führt zu einer hohen Komplexität, was insbesondere für kleine und mittelständische Unternehmen eine Teilnahme erschweren kann. Zudem bestehen Zielkonflikte zwischen dem politisch angestrebten schnellen Markthochlauf und den strengen Nachhaltigkeitsanforderungen für erneuerbaren Wasserstoff und dessen Derivate. Die mangelnde Investitionssicherheit, bedingt durch fehlende langfristige Verträge, unsichere politische und schwer einhaltbare regulatorische Rahmenbedingungen, hemmt den Kapitalfluss und bremst die Entwicklung eines stabilen Wasserstoffmarktes. Zur Beschleunigung des Hochlaufs sind eine Vereinfachung und bessere Abstimmung bestehender Fördermechanismen erforderlich. Die Unterstützung langfristiger Abnahmeverträge sowie eine gezielte und effektive Nutzung der finanziellen und personellen Kapazitäten können dazu beitragen, Investitionen zu erleichtern und eine nachhaltige Wasserstoffwirtschaft in Deutschland und Europa zu etablieren. T2 - In the jungle of public hydrogen funding:How complex instruments shape the market ramp-up Y1 - 2025 UR - https://www.utn.de/files/2025/04/UTN-Policy-Brief_H2-Foerderlandschaft.pdf CY - Nürnberg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Paloncy, Ralph A1 - Greimel, Felix A1 - Grifka, Joachim T1 - Ambulante Versorgung durch sektorübergreifende Prähabilitations- und Rehabilitationskonzepte in der tagesstationären Hüft- und Kniegelenkendoprothetik JF - Der Orthopäde N2 - No appeal by a health politician, no matter how insistent, has ever forced all the operational structures of our health-care system to examine their own efficiencies and cost reduction potentials as has SARS-CoV-2. Fast-track surgery, developed long before the current pandemic, can become an indispensable element of modern hospital routines through the integration of interlocked care structures. Patient satisfaction and clinical outcome can be improved by significantly shortening hospital stays, decreasing complication rates, and by additionally strengthening the competence and motivation of the patients involved. Hospital staff could be relieved of heavy workloads, and overall costs could be reduced by involving external prehabilitation centers. It is now necessary to further develop standards for the establishment and implementation of appropriately coordinated prehabilitation and rehabilitation concepts for elective total hip and knee replacement surgery and, ideally, to save resources at the same time through regional networking and integration. T2 - Outpatient care through cross-sector prehabilitation and rehabilitation concepts in outpatient hip and knee arthroplasty KW - EXPERIENCE KW - Hospital stay KW - Joint replacement KW - Motivation KW - Patient satisfaction KW - Preoperative exercise KW - STAY Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00132-022-04241-w SN - 0085-4530 SN - 1433-0431 VL - 51 IS - 5 SP - 385 EP - 394 PB - Springer CY - New York ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Wagner, Johannes A1 - Niedermeier, Corinna A1 - Wagner, Andreas T1 - Study of the effect of matting agents on the measurability of geometrical objects T2 - 60th ILMENAU SCIENTIFIC COLLOQUIUM / Technische Universität Ilmenau, 4 – 8 September 2023 N2 - Optical metrology has witnessed remarkable advancements over the past few years and increased its applications in many different fields. This study focuses on the effects while using a form of matting to reduce reflective effects to improve the measurements. However, challenges such as surface reflections and illumination issues must be addressed to ensure errorfree measurements. Both the effectiveness of these surface treatments and the associated deviation of the values get investigated. In addition, data from three measurement devices are used to obtain the required values with state-of-the-art accuracy. The experimental analysis of the effectiveness of the different matting methods takes at least 13 distinct methods and products into account. Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:ilm1-2023isc:1 PB - Technische Universität Ilmenau CY - Ilmenau ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Kraust, Sebastian A1 - Mottok, Jürgen T1 - Analyzing Threat Modeling Approaches T2 - 2024 International Conference on Applied Electronics (AE), 04-04 September 2024, Pilsen, Czech Republic N2 - Assessing a system’s security and vulnerabilities is becoming more important than ever, especially in critical infrastructures. To do this in an effective and structured manner, a good threat model is paramount. There exists a great number of methodologies to choose from, up to the point where it is very difficult to select an appropriate solution for a specific use case. To facilitate the comparison of threat modeling methodologies in terms of their capabilities, we examine existing approaches and derive a metamodel. Subsequently, it can be used to simplify the analysis process of threat modeling contributions and frameworks, and help users in the selection. We demonstrate this by applying the metamodel to several papers in the critical infrastructure domain. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/AE61743.2024.10710281 PB - IEEE ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Goetz, Julia A1 - Keyssner, Verena A1 - Hanses, Frank A1 - Greimel, Felix A1 - Leiß, Franziska A1 - Schwarz, Timo A1 - Springorum, Hans-Robert A1 - Grifka, Joachim A1 - Schaumburger, Jens T1 - Animal experimental investigation on the efficacy of antibiotic therapy with linezolid, vancomycin, cotrimoxazole, and rifampin in treatment of periprosthetic knee joint infections by MRSA JF - Bone & Joint Research N2 - Aims Periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs) are rare, but represent a great burden for the patient. In addition, the incidence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is increasing. The aim of this rat experiment was therefore to compare the antibiotics commonly used in the treatment of PJIs caused by MRSA. Methods For this purpose, sterilized steel implants were implanted into the femur of 77 rats. The metal devices were inoculated with suspensions of two different MRSA strains. The animals were divided into groups and treated with vancomycin, linezolid, cotrimoxazole, or rifampin as monotherapy, or with combination of antibiotics over a period of 14 days. After a two-day antibiotic-free interval, the implant was explanted, and bone, muscle, and periarticular tissue were microbiologically analyzed. Results Vancomycin and linezolid were able to significantly (p < 0.05) reduce the MRSA bacterial count at implants. No significant effect was found at the bone. Rifampin was the only monotherapy that significantly reduced the bacterial count on implant and bone. The combination with vancomycin or linezolid showed significant efficacy. Treatment with cotrimoxazole alone did not achieve a significant bacterial count reduction. The combination of linezolid plus rifampin was significantly more effective on implant and bone than the control group in both trials. Conclusion Although rifampicin is effective as a monotherapy, it should not be used because of the high rate of resistance development. Our animal experiments showed the great importance of combination antibiotic therapies. In the future, investigations with higher case numbers, varied bacterial concentrations, and changes in individual drug dosages will be necessary to be able to draw an exact comparison, possibly within a clinical trial. KW - Antibiotics monotherapy KW - COMBINATION KW - Combination antibiotics therapies KW - DAPTOMYCIN KW - EXPERIMENTAL OSTEOMYELITIS KW - FOREIGN-BODY INFECTION KW - Infection of the artificial joint KW - Linezolid and rifampin KW - MOXIFLOXACIN KW - MRSA KW - ONCOLOGY CLASSIFICATION-SYSTEM KW - RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS KW - Rifampin or cotrimoxazole KW - Vancomycin Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1302/2046-3758.113.BJR-2021-0268.R1 SN - 2046-3758 VL - 11 IS - 3 SP - 143 EP - 151 PB - BRITISH EDITORIAL SOC BONE & JOINT SURGERY CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Anders, S. A1 - Grifka, Joachim T1 - Chirurgische Therapie fokaler Knorpelschäden am Knie JF - Der Orthopäde N2 - The treatment strategies for focal cartilage damage in the knee are multifarious. For established procedures, such as microfracturing (MFX), autologous matrix-induced chondrogenesis (AMIC), osteochondral transplantation (OCT) and autologous chondrocyte transplantation (ACT), well-founded, partly comparative long-term studies and overlapping size-dependent differential indications are available. Innovative cell sources, the utilization of biological scaffolds as well as biologic agents and various combinations, have recently become the focus of scientific attention; however, high regulatory demands are restricting their use in Germany. The success of every procedure is dependent on the appropriate indications, the treatment of comorbidities, such as axis deviations or ligamentous instability, the surgeon's experience and an adequate follow-up treatment. T2 - Surgical treatment of focal cartilage defects in the knee : Indications, techniques, modifications and results KW - Allograft KW - ARTICULAR-CARTILAGE KW - AUTOLOGOUS CHONDROCYTE IMPLANTATION KW - Autologous chondrocyte transplantation KW - Autologous matrix-induced chondrogenesis KW - CHONDRAL DEFECTS KW - CLINICAL TISSUE REGENERATION KW - FOLLOW-UP KW - GERMAN SOCIETY KW - MATRIX-INDUCED CHONDROGENESIS KW - MESENCHYMAL STEM-CELLS KW - Microfracturing KW - NEXT-GENERATION KW - Osteochondral transplantation KW - RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00132-022-04220-1 SN - 1433-0431 VL - 51 IS - 2 SP - 151 EP - 164 PB - Springer CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Maderbacher, Günther A1 - Meyer, Matthias A1 - Grifka, Joachim A1 - Holzapfel, Dominik A1 - Greimel, Felix T1 - Erfahrungen und Ergebnisse in der Fast-Track-Endoprothetik JF - Der Orthopäde N2 - Background Fast-track concepts in arthroplasty are understood as programs to optimize and homogenize perioperative procedures. With few exceptions, the literature reports a reduction in hospitalization time, a decrease in mortality and complications, earlier mobilization, and increased patient satisfaction through fast-track programs. Implementation The implementation of a fast-track concept requires the involvement and motivation of the entire treatment team, as the implementation of only individual components of a fast-track program does not lead to the desired goal. Country-specific regulations must be taken into account when evaluating fast-track programs. In particular, long-term results are also lacking. Outlook For Germany, a scientific review is still pending. Modified perioperative measures but also a shortening of an inpatient stay must not reduce the currently existing high quality of care in arthroplasty. A possible reduction in the length of inpatient stay implies a compression, but not necessarily a reduction in the perioperative care required for a patient. For this reason, the surrounding conditions must also be created at a political level in the future to enable the achievement of the desired high quality. T2 - Results and lessons learned in fast-track arthroplasty KW - ENHANCED RECOVERY KW - Fast track KW - LENGTH KW - Patient reported outcome measures KW - PRIMARY HIP KW - PROGRAM KW - REPLACEMENT KW - SURGERY KW - Total hip arthroplasty KW - Total knee arthroplasty Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00132-022-04245-6 SN - 1433-0431 SN - 0085-4530 VL - 51 IS - 5 SP - 374 EP - 379 PB - Springer CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Anders, S. A1 - Grifka, Joachim T1 - Chirurgische Therapie fokaler Knorpelschäden am Knie // Surgical treatment of focal cartilage defects in the knee : Indications, techniques, modifications and results (PubMed) JF - Zeitschrift für Rheumatologie N2 - The treatment strategies for focal cartilage damage in the knee are multifarious. For established procedures, such as microfracturing (MFX), autologous matrix-induced chondrogenesis (AMIC), osteochondral transplantation (OCT) and autologous chondrocyte transplantation (ACT), well-founded, partly comparative long-term studies and overlapping size-dependent differential indications are available. Innovative cell sources, the utilization of biological scaffolds as well as biologic agents and various combinations, have recently become the focus of scientific attention; however, high regulatory demands are restricting their use in Germany. The success of every procedure is dependent on the appropriate indications, the treatment of comorbidities, such as axis deviations or ligamentous instability, the surgeon's experience and an adequate follow-up treatment. KW - Allograft KW - ARTICULAR-CARTILAGE KW - AUTOLOGOUS CHONDROCYTE IMPLANTATION KW - Autologous chondrocyte transplantation KW - Autologous matrix-induced chondrogenesis KW - CHONDRAL DEFECTS KW - CLINICAL TISSUE REGENERATION KW - FOLLOW-UP KW - GERMAN SOCIETY KW - MATRIX-INDUCED CHONDROGENESIS KW - MESENCHYMAL STEM-CELLS KW - Microfracturing KW - NEXT-GENERATION KW - Osteochondral transplantation KW - RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00393-021-01084-2 SN - 0340-1855 SN - 1435-1250 VL - 80 IS - 9 SP - 855 EP - 867 PB - Springer Nature CY - Heidelberg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Greimel, Felix A1 - Schiegl, Julia Sabrina A1 - Meyer, Matthias A1 - Grifka, Joachim A1 - Maderbacher, Günther T1 - Fast-Track-Endoprothetik JF - Die Orthopädie N2 - Einführung Wesentliche Bestandteile von Fast-Track- oder Enhanced-Recovery-Programmen in der Endoprothetik sind die Optimierung der interdisziplinär-organisatorischen Abläufe sowie der prä-, intra- und postoperativen Vorgehensweisen im klinischen Alltag. Die frühpostoperative Mobilisation der Patienten ist nach Gelenkersatzoperation von zentraler Bedeutung, mit dem Ziel, Schmerzen und Komplikationen nachweislich zu vermeiden. Dieser Beitrag gibt einen detaillierten Überblick hinsichtlich der zwischenzeitlich zunehmend verbreiteten Fast-Track-Vorgehensweisen. Zudem zeigt er die klinischen Vorteile von Fast-Track für die Hüftendoprothetik im Rahmen eines randomisierten Studiendesigns evidenzbasiert auf. Material und Methoden Es wurden 194 Patienten mit primärer HTEP nach einfach verblindeter Randomisierung in zwei Gruppen untersucht: Fast-Track (n?=?98) oder konventioneller Behandlungspfad (n?=?96). Als primärer Outcomeparameter war die Mobilisierung definiert, gemessen mit dem Timed-Up-and-Go-Test (TUG) in Sekunden. Sekundäre Parameter waren erreichbare Gehstrecke in Metern sowie Schmerzen auf der Numerische Rating-Skala (NRS). Alle Parameter wurden präoperativ und täglich bis zum 6. postoperativen Tag erfasst. Ergebnisse Innerhalb der ersten postoperativen Woche wurden keine Komplikationen oder Revisionen verzeichnet. Die Fast-Track-Gruppe zeigte im Vergleich zur konventionellen Gruppe bis zum 6. postoperativen Tag signifikant bessere TUG-Werte sowie Gehstreckenergebnisse (jeweils p??0,05). Fazit Die Anwendung von Fast-Track-Konzepten in der Hüftendoprothetik kann evidenzbasiert die klinischen Ergebnisse verbessern. Diese prospektive, einfach verblindete randomisierte kontrollierte Studie konnte ein sehr gutes kurzfristiges Ergebnis mit vergleichbaren Schmerzen nach Fast-Track-HTEP im Vergleich zu einem konventionellen Behandlungspfad aufzeigen. Fast-Track-Konzepte sind hochwirksam in Bezug auf Frühmobilisierung und klinisches Ergebnis ? ohne in der Frühphase ein höheres Komplikationsrisiko einzugehen. T2 - Fast-Track-Arthroplasty KW - Lokale Infiltrationsanalgesie · Frühmobilisation · Beschleunigte postoperative Erholung · Hüftgelenkendoprothetik · Kniegelenkendoprothetik Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:355-epub-553462 SN - 2731-7145 SN - 2731-7153 VL - 53 IS - 2 SP - 117 EP - 126 PB - Springer Nature ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Worlicek, Michael A1 - Schaumburger, Jens A1 - Springorum, Robert A1 - Maderbacher, Guenther A1 - Zeman, Florian A1 - Grifka, Joachim A1 - Baier, Clemens T1 - In vivo knee kinematics of an innovative prosthesis design JF - Open Medicine N2 - Up to 20% of patients after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) are not satisfied with the result. Several designs of new implants try to rebuild natural knee kinematics. We hypothesized that an innovative implant design leads to better results concerning femoral rollback compared to an established implant design. For this pilot study, 21 patients were examined during TKA, receiving either an innovative (ATTUNE (TM) Knee System (DePuy Inc.), n = 10) or an established (PFC (TM) (DePuy Inc.), n = 11) knee system. All patients underwent computer navigation. Knee kinematics was assessed after implantation. Outcome measure was anterior-posterior translation between femur and tibia. We were able to demonstrate a significantly higher femoral rollback in the innovative implant group (p < 0.001). The mean rollback of the innovative system was 11.00 mm (95%-confidence interval [CI], 10.77-11.24), of the established system 8.12 mm (95%-CI, 7.84-8.42). This study revealed a significantly increased lateral as well as medial femoral rollback of knees with the innovative prosthesis design. Our intraoperative finding needs to be confirmed using fluoroscopic or radiographic three-dimensional matching under full-weight-bearing conditions after complete recovery from surgery. KW - ARTHROPLASTY KW - BEARING KW - CONSTRAINTS KW - femoral rollback KW - FLEXION KW - JOINT KW - Knee arthroplasty KW - knee kinematics KW - LIVING KNEE KW - MOVEMENT KW - NAVIGATION KW - SATISFACTION KW - TKA Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/med-2022-0518 SN - 2391-5463 VL - 17 IS - 1 SP - 1318 EP - 1324 PB - De Gruyter CY - Warsaw ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Meyer, Matthias A1 - Parik, Lukas A1 - Greimel, Felix A1 - Renkawitz, Tobias A1 - Grifka, Joachim A1 - Weber, Markus T1 - Hospital Frailty Risk Score Outperforms Current Risk Stratification Models in Primary Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty JF - The Journal of Arthroplasty N2 - Background: Models for risk stratification and prediction of outcome, such as the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), the Elixhauser Comorbidity Method (ECM), the 5-factor modified Frailty Index (mFI-5), and the Hospital Frailty Risk Score (HFRS) have been validated in orthopedic surgery. The aim of this study is to compare the predictive power of these models in total hip and knee replacement. Methods: In a retrospective analysis of 8250 patients who had undergone total joint replacement between 2011 and 2019, CCI, ECM, mFI-5, and HFRS were calculated for each patient. Receiver operating characteristic curve plots were generated and the area under the curve (AUC) was compared between each score with regard to adverse events such as transfusion, surgical, medical, and other complications. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to assess the relationship among risk stratification models, demographic factors, and postoperative adverse events. Results: In prediction of surgical complications, HFRS performed best (AUC: 0.719, P < .001), followed by ECM (AUC: 0.578, P < .001), mFI-5 (AUC: 0.564, P = .003), and CCI (AUC: 0.555, P = .012). With regard to medical complications, other complications, and transfusion, HFRS also was superior to ECM, mFI-5, and CCI. Multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed HFRS as an independent risk stratification model associated with all captured adverse events (P <= .001). Conclusion: The HFRS is superior to current risk stratification models in the context of total joint replacement. As the HRFS derives from routinely collected administrative data, healthcare providers can identify at-risk patients without additional effort or expense. (C) 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. KW - ADVERSE OUTCOMES KW - ARTHROPLASTY KW - CCI KW - CLASSIFICATION KW - COMORBIDITIES KW - CO-MORBIDITY KW - COMPLICATIONS KW - ECM KW - Frailty KW - HFRS KW - hospital frailty risk score KW - INDEX KW - mFI KW - MORTALITY KW - predicitve ability KW - REPLACEMENT KW - risk stratification KW - SURGERY KW - Time KW - TOTAL JOINT ARTHROPLASTY KW - Total joint replacement Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arth.2020.12.002 SN - 1532-8406 SN - 0883-5403 VL - 36 IS - 5 SP - 1533 EP - 1542 PB - Churchill Livingstone CY - Philadelphia ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Baier, Clemens A1 - Keshmiri, Armin A1 - Greimel, Felix A1 - Krieg, Bernd A1 - Parik, Lukas A1 - Grifka, Joachim A1 - Maderbacher, Günther T1 - Knee kinematics are variously influenced by different correction angles in high tibial osteotomy (HTO) JF - International Orthopaedics N2 - Purpose Literature reveals good to excellent data concerning patient satisfaction, as well as long-term outcomes after high tibial osteotomy (HTO). These results might be influenced by changes of knee kinematics through the procedure. However, exact influence of HTO on tibiofemoral kinematics remains unknown so far. Methods We conducted this study on 10 knees of Thiel embalmed whole cadavers. Knee kinematics were assessed by a navigation device before HTO, after medial open-wedge HTO of 5 degrees, respectively after medial open-wedge HTO of 10 degrees. Results Results revealed a significant femoral rollback/tibial internal rotation at increasing knee flexion from 80 degrees after medial open-wedge HTO of 5 degrees and 10 degrees. Lesser femoral rollback/tibial internal rotation was seen after 5 degrees HTO compared to 10 degrees HTO until knee flexion of 70 degrees. Conclusion Results reveal a significant change of tibiofemoral kinematics only after knee flexion of 80 degrees and more, independently from the degree of tibial osteotomy. Adjacent structures, especially the ACL, seem thus more strained by sagittal slope changes rather than changes in coronal leg axis. HTO leads to changes in knee kinematics at flexion degrees of 80 and more. To what extent this influences adjacent structures like the ACL or meniscus should be further investigated. KW - ALTERS KW - ARTHROPLASTY KW - CARTILAGE PRESSURE KW - femoral rollback KW - FLEXION KW - HTO KW - Kinematics KW - MOTION KW - REVISION KW - WEDGE Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00264-022-05459-1 SN - 1432-5195 SN - 0341-2695 VL - 46 IS - 10 SP - 2245 EP - 2250 PB - Springer CY - New York ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Samp, Artur A1 - Abb, Valerius A1 - Wolfgramm, Alex A1 - Reichenstein, Tobias A1 - Franke, Jörg A1 - Kammler, Martin T1 - ZIF-8 Deposition on Optical Fibers and Silicon Wafers for Methane Sensing T2 - 2025 16th International MID Congress Mechatronic Integration Discourse (MID Congress). - Amberg, Germany, 02.07.2025 - 03.07.2025 N2 - Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), such as Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-8 (ZIF-8), are increasingly explored for sensing applications. In this field, the formation of uniform thin films is often essential. This study details the deposition and stepwise characterization of covalently bonded ZIF-8 thin films for methane sensing on two types of silica-based substrates: silicon wafers with native oxide and optical fibers. We emphasize practical and accessible methods to verify each step of the deposition process. Surface preparation was tailored to each substrate. Silicon wafer substrates were cleaned using Caro’s acid, while optical fibers were activated via oxygen plasma to account for handling constraints. Both substrate types were subsequently functionalized with a monolayer of isopropyltrimethoxysilane (IPTES) to promote covalent bonding of ZIF-8. Particles of ZIF-8 were deposited using a seeded growth approach. Solvothermal synthesis of ZIF-8 was performed, while simultaneously immersing the substrates in the synthesis solution, promoting the formation of a continuous thin film. The deposition process was characterized at each stage. Free ZIF-8 powder obtained from the synthesis was centrifuged, washed with ethanol and analyzed by attenuated total reflection infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy. Silicon wafers enabled contact angle measurements to assess IPTES functionalization, as well as spectroscopic ellipsometry for analysis of the formed ZIF-8 thin film. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to examine film morphology on both substrate types. To evaluate methane sensitivity, optical fibers coated with ZIF-8 were exposed to vacuum and methane atmospheres, while changes in transmitted optical power were monitored to probe refractive index variations. KW - Gas Sensor KW - Indexes KW - Indexing KW - Measurement KW - Metal-organic Framework KW - Metal-organic frameworks KW - Optical Fiber KW - Optical fibers KW - Printing KW - Silicon KW - Substrates KW - Surfaces KW - Thin films Y1 - 2025 SN - 979-8-3315-6672-2 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/MIDCongress66428.2025.11547782 N1 - This research was funded by the German Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy (BMWi) as part of the applied non-nuclear energy research funding under the 7th Energy Research Programme (Grant number: 03EI6076A). The project was administered by Projektträger Jülich, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH. PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Mottok, Jürgen A1 - Hauser, Florian A1 - Grabinger, Lisa A1 - Ezer, Timur A1 - Engl, Fabian ED - Khamis, Mohamed ED - Sugano, Yusuke ED - Sidenmark, Ludwig T1 - An Educational Perspective on Eye Tracking in Engineering Sciences T2 - ETRA '24: Proceedings of the 2024 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications. - Glasgow United Kingdom, 04.06.2024 - 07.06.2024 N2 - In the course Eye Tracking in Engineering Science, students develop a variety of skills. These competencies include both, theoretical knowledge and practical experience: in empirical research (i.e., the design of experiments and the writing of research papers), in eye tracking technology, and in applying computer science and statistics for data analysis. This competence building is done with a teaching concept based on pair-teaching and research-based learning - described in detail in the present article. KW - empirical research KW - eye tracking in engineering sciences KW - master course KW - pair-teaching KW - research-based learning Y1 - 2024 UR - https://dl.acm.org/doi/proceedings/10.1145/3649902 SN - 9798400706073 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1145/3649902.3653945 PB - ACM CY - New York ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Peller, Sebastian A1 - Bierl, Rudolf A1 - Hagelauer, Amelie T1 - Designing Capacitive Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducer (CMUT) Based Sensors for Low Frequency Airborne Applications T2 - IEEE SENSORS 2024 conference proceedings. - Kobe, Japan, October, 20-23.10.2024 N2 - We introduce a compact model for the prediction of performance figures of CMUTs prospectively used in airborne applications such as flow meters. The model comprises both a mechanical and an electrical approach resulting in a set of four parameters: resonance frequency, Q-factor, static capacitance and pull-in voltage. A small set of exemplary CMUTs has been intensively characterized by means of LDV and LCR measurements, eventually confirming the precision of the proposed prediction model. KW - airborne ultrasound KW - Atmospheric modeling KW - Capacitance KW - CMUT model KW - Predictive models KW - pull-in voltage KW - Q-factor KW - Resonance KW - resonance frequency KW - Resonant frequency KW - Sensor phenomena and characterization KW - Ultrasonic imaging KW - Ultrasonic transducers KW - Ultrasonic variables measurement Y1 - 2024 UR - https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10785117/ SN - 979-8-3503-6351-7 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/SENSORS60989.2024.10785117 PB - IEEE CY - Piscataway, NJ, USA ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Vitzthumecker, Thomas A1 - Kopp, Lorenz A1 - Bierl, Rudolf T1 - Evaluation of LPWAN technologies for pest monitoring T2 - EASS – Energieautonome Sensorsysteme 2024. - 12. GMM-Tagung 19.-20. März 2024 in Freiburg N2 - The choice of wireless technology for a pest monitoring setup is crucial for energy efficiency and reliability. We analysed 48 different modules with regards to bitwise energy consumption theoretically and evaluated the best modules in real-life scenarios. It was found that the choice of module can be inferred from a thorough market analysis and Narrowband Internet of things (NB-IoT) and Long Range (LoRa) are the most promising candidates for deployment in industrial environments. Regarding the tested site NB-IoT showed a coverage of over 97 % with good signal quality. For LoRa a calculation of the coverage percentage is not reasonable, as it strongly depends on the amount and location of the gate-ways. It was determined that one gateway can cover more than 10,000 m(exp 2). The results indicate that NB-IoT is suitable for wireless transmission in industrial environments and that LoRa with an individual gateway setup is ideal as a backup solution. KW - Bitrate KW - Communication Towers KW - Energy Consumption KW - Energy Efficiency KW - Industrial Environment KW - Internet of Things KW - Life Cycle Assessment KW - Local Housing KW - Measurement Device KW - Received Signal Strength Indicator KW - Signal Quality KW - Theoretical Analysis KW - Theoretical Evaluation KW - Transmission Time KW - Wide Area Network KW - Wireless Module KW - Wireless Technologies Y1 - 2024 UR - https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?arnumber=10659686 SN - 978-3-8007-6298-9 SP - 43 EP - 45 PB - VDE VERLAG CY - Berlin ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Mendler, Michael A1 - Scheele, Stephan A1 - Burke, Luke ED - Das, Anupam ED - Negri, Sara T1 - The Došen Square Under Construction: A Tale of Four Modalities T2 - Automated Reasoning with Analytic Tableaux and Related Methods. - (Lecture Notes in Computer Science) Y1 - 2021 SN - 978-3-030-86058-5 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86059-2_26 VL - 12842 SP - 446 EP - 465 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Deuschel, Jessica A1 - Foltyn, Andreas A1 - Roscher, Karsten A1 - Scheele, Stephan ED - Mutschler, Christopher ED - Münzenmayer, Christian ED - Uhlmann, Norman ED - Martin, Alexander T1 - The Role of Uncertainty Quantification for Trustworthy AI T2 - Unlocking Artificial Intelligence N2 - The development of AI systems involves a series of steps, including data acquisition and preprocessing, model selection, training, evaluation, and deployment. However, each of these steps involves certain assumptions that introduce inherent uncertainty, which can result in inaccurate outcomes and reduced confidence in the system. To enhance confidence and comply with the EU AI Act, we recommend using Uncertainty Quantification methods to estimate the belief in the correctness of a model’s output. To make these methods more accessible, we provide insights into the possible sources of uncertainty and offer an overview of the different available methods. We categorize these methods based on when they are used in the process, accounting for various application requirements. We distinguish between three types: data-based, architecture-modifying and post-hoc methods, and share our personal experiences with each. Y1 - 2024 SN - 978-3-031-64831-1 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-64832-8_5 SP - 95 EP - 115 PB - Springer Nature Switzerland CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Müsseler, Andreas ED - Gisbertz, Olaf ED - Escherich, Mark ED - Hoyer, Sebastian ED - Putz, Andreas T1 - Der Genetische Gebäudecode: Potenziale im Massenwohnungsbau der 1960er und 1970er Jahre T2 - Reallabor Nachkriegsmoderne Y1 - 2023 SN - 978-3-86859-754-7 SP - 224 EP - 235 PB - JOVIS Verlag GmbH CY - Berlin ER - TY - INPR A1 - Meisinger, Alexander A1 - Jansen, Lukas A1 - Schumm, Leon A1 - Achhammer, Anton A1 - Sterner, Michael T1 - Bridging the green hydrogen gap: The role of H2Global in cross-continental hydrogen, ammonia and methanol markets N2 - Achieving climate neutrality requires large-scale production of green hydrogen and its derivatives. A persistent cost gap between producers and offtakers, however, impedes market growth. Our study couples European-African energy markets to analyse the role of the H2Global mechanism in bridging this gap, employing sector-coupled energy models. We find that no analysed pathway is cost-competitive in 2030, with African export costs (140-229 €/MWh) exceeding European willingness to pay (40-100 €/MWh) for hydrogen, ammonia, and methanol. The required annual funding ranges between 0.6 and 11.4 billion €. By 2050, early-stage support enables a market entry and the ramp-up of a hydrogen and Power-to-X economy: trade volumes of up to 236 TWh become cost-competitive, potentially reaching 450 TWh through reinvested savings. We conclude that, although ambitious European climate targets are the main reason for market ramp-up, the H2Global mechanism is a key and cost-effective instrument for overcoming the initial 'chicken-and-egg' problem, enabling market creation and ramp-up. KW - Decarbonisation KW - Energy partnership KW - Energy system modelling KW - Energy transition KW - H2Global KW - Power-to-X Y1 - 2026 U6 - https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9577073/v1 PB - Research Square Platform LLC ER - TY - INPR A1 - Straus, Izidor A1 - Gledof, Arne A1 - Lemmel, Hartmut A1 - Kokot, Gašper A1 - Klepp, Jürgen A1 - Shamonin, Mikhail A1 - Drevenšek-Olenik, Irena A1 - Kriegl, Raphael T1 - Neutron scattering reveals magnetic field-induced microparticle restructuring in densely packed magnetoactive elastomers N2 - Magnetoactive elastomers (MAEs) exhibit large magnetic-field-dependent changes in mechanical and surface properties, yet the underlying particle-scale mechanisms remain insufficiently understood. In this work, ultra-small-angle neutron scattering (USANS) is used to probe in situ filler-particle restructuring in MAEs under applied magnetic fields. Measurements on thin-film samples with 30~wt\% and 75~wt\% carbonyl iron particles access structural correlations in the range of 0.2–30~\textmu m.Analysis using multilevel Guinier–Porod models reveals hierarchical structuring and concentration-dependent characteristic length scales, while also revealing limitations related to size polydispersity, structure factors, and magnetic scattering. Field-dependent measurements show, for the first time, anisotropic changes in the scattering signal, with distinct behavior parallel and perpendicular to the applied field. Intermediate length-scale changes are attributed to particle rearrangement, whereas high-$q$ features are dominated by magnetic scattering.Monte Carlo simulations with dipolar interactions reproduce the measured anisotropy and indicate that particle displacements are small and only weakly anisotropic. This suggests that particle chaining is unlikely under moderate magnetic field strengths (<300~kA/m) and given mechanical constraints.These results demonstrate the potential of USANS to probe mesoscale restructuring in MAEs and provide insight into the interplay between particle organization, magnetic interactions, and elastic deformations. KW - MAE KW - anisotrop KW - magnetoactive elastomers KW - MRE KW - particle restructuring KW - ultra-small-angle neutron scattering KW - USANS Y1 - 2026 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.6907959 PB - SSRN ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Bugert, Flemming A1 - Bittner, Dominik A1 - Ezer, Timur A1 - Nadimpalli, Vamsi Krishna A1 - Staufer, Susanne A1 - Grabinger, Lisa A1 - Hauser, Florian A1 - Mottok, Jürgen ED - Schmid, Ute ED - Leidner, Jochen L. ED - Kohlhase, Michael ED - Wolter, Diedrich T1 - Applying Ariadne: Practical Insights into Learning Style Identification via Hidden Markov Models T2 - Proceedings of the Second Work shop on Artificial Intelligence for Artificial Intelligence Education (AI4AI Learning 2024) N2 - With the use of learning management systems students benefit from being recommended suitable learning elements based on their individual needs. In doing so, recommendation algorithms are applied which first query the student’s learning style. To improve the recommendation of learning elements a continuous analysis of the individual’s learning style is required. A frequent questionnaire assessment would however be too time consuming. Instead, in a prior study an algorithm has been designed to identify changes in learning styles from the student’s selection of learn- ing elements. In this paper, we investigate the functionality of that algorithm by applying it on real student data. In particular, we test if the algorithm correctly indicates changes in learning styles. The utilised data is collected in our learning management system. To be precise, the data is obtained from 22 students enrolled in a software engineering course during the winter term of 2023/24. The data comprises two types of information for each student: 1) learning style collected at the start and end of the term, and 2) the user’s actual selection of learning elements inside the learning management system. The uniqueness of this study lies in the data and the evaluation strategy based on it. Having the learning style at the end of the semester period as ground truth allows us to test if the algorithm operates correctly with actual user data from our learning management system. The results validate the behaviour of our algorithm, yet they strongly suggest the need for an adaptation. Further research is required on how to parameterise the underlying models. KW - E-Learning KW - Moodle KW - Lernstil KW - Hidden-Markov-Modell KW - Empirie KW - Learning Styles KW - Hidden Markov Models KW - Empirical Evaluation Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-99324 SN - 978-3-98989-054-1 SP - 59 EP - 67 PB - University of Bamberg Press CY - Bamberg ER - TY - INPR A1 - Sanala, Arvind A1 - Bastian, Petra A1 - Monkman, Gareth A1 - Kolothodi, Vaisakh A1 - Rabl, Hans-Peter T1 - Analysis of Clustering and Curve Fitting Techniques for Self-Learning Spectral Analysis Algorithms N2 - Spectral analysis plays a crucial role in interpreting data from advanced diagnostic and analytical techniques such as various Raman spectroscopical technologies, e.g., surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, microscopical Raman spectroscopy, and Infrared (IR) spectroscopy. While commercially available software offers comprehensive tools for Raman or IR spectral evaluation, it often requires intervention by the applicant in critical steps like curve fitting or peak identification. Here, a self-learning algorithm comprising all necessary steps for the analysis of multiple datasets with multiple peaks, especially from SERS data, is presented. While filtering techniques for noise suppression and baseline corrections have been well discussed and established, the mathematical optimisation of clustering techniques – which is important for comparison of peaks over multiple datasets and substrates of variable quality - and the aptness of curve- fitting techniques are often not considered in detail. The superiority of GMM over K-means for clustering was proven, while the introduction of a Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) avoided overfitting, and the superiority of the asymmetric Voigt-fitting model over the pure Gaussian or Lorentzian fitting was also demonstrated by lower error occurrence. In both cases, it was mathematically shown that the methods provide a high sensitivity and include the limit of detection. Finally, all methods were integrated into a user-friendly GUI, providing the possibility to analyse hundreds of datasets within minutes. The work was based on the open-source Python database. The effectiveness of the algorithm was demonstrated through its application to SERS measurements of the model compound 4-Nitrothiophenol (4-NTP). Finally, this publication is in accordance with FAIR and allows the cost-free use by the scientific society. The link for its use is provided KW - Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) KW - Chemometric Raman spectroscopy KW - Custom Python GUI KW - machine learning algorithms KW - Oligonucleotides cluster detection and analysis KW - Process analytical technology Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5854021 PB - SSRN ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Bittner, Dominik A1 - Nadimpalli, Vamsi Krishna A1 - Grabinger, Lisa A1 - Ezer, Timur A1 - Hauser, Florian A1 - Mottok, Jürgen T1 - Uncovering Learning Styles through Eye Tracking and Artificial Intelligence T2 - ETRA '24: Proceedings of the 2024 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications. - Glasgow United Kingdom, 04.06.2024 - 07.06.2024 N2 - Most recently, the number of students dropping out of universities or higher education institutions increased dramatically. This might be partly because of the students’ limited capability exploring their own learning paths within a certain course. The introduction of adaptive learning management systems could be a potential solution to this issue. Based on individual’s learning styles, these systems recommend customised and tailored learning paths. These learning styles are commonly identified using questionnaires and learning analytics, but both methods are prone to errors. While questionnaires potentially give superficial answers due to e.g. time constraints, Learning Analytics cannot mirror offline behaviour. This paper proposes an alternative to classify the learning style of individuals through the integration and combination of eye tracking and artificial intelligence algorithms. The eye movement data, which is collected in a study including more than 100 participants, is processed with different methodolgies such as data scaling and subsequently classified using various models ranging from Logistic Regression to Neural Network. Moreover, this experiment setting discovers the interplay between preprocessing and classification techniques based on complex eye tracking metrics in order to determine the most promising solutions for learning style identification. Ultimately, this comprehensive analysis not only enables the understanding of individuals’ subconscious processes, but could also lead to improved educational outcomes. KW - Eye-tracking KW - Künstliche Intelligenz KW - Lernstil KW - E-Learning KW - Maschinelles Lernen KW - Eye Tracking KW - Felder Silverman Learning Style Model KW - Artificial Intelligence KW - Adaptive Learning Y1 - 2024 UR - https://doi.org/10.1145/3649902.3653940 SN - 979-8-4007-0607-3/24/06 PB - ACM CY - Glasgow, United Kingdom ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Ezer, Timur A1 - Engl, Fabian A1 - Grabinger, Lisa A1 - Röhrl, Simon A1 - Hauser, Florian A1 - Mottok, Jürgen ED - Mottok, Jürgen ED - Hagel, Georg T1 - A Comparison of Eye Movement Classifiers T2 - Proceedings of the 6th European Conference on Software Engineering Education : ECSEE 2025. - Seeon Germany, 02 06 2025 - 04 .06 2025 N2 - Eye tracking is a powerful tool for investigating cognitive processes, yet the classification performance of state-of-the-art eye movement classifiers often relies on manually defined thresholds, making them vulnerable when labeling data with varying noise levels. To address this limitation, deep learning approaches promise to replace such manual thresholds using automated and adaptive methods. In recent years, several studies have proposed deep learn ing models for eye movement classification. However, comparisons of these algorithms are rare. This study fills the research gap by com paring two publicly available neural networks for eye movement classification with the Tobii I-VT algorithm used in the Tobii Pro Lab software. The comparison evaluates classification performance using metrics such as F1-score, Cohen’s Kappa, and Matthew’s Correlation Coefficient. The analysis leverages datasets recorded with Tobii Pro Spectrum and Tobii Pro Fusion eye trackers from two separate studies with sampling frequencies of 300 Hz and 250 Hz, respectively. Together, these datasets include approximately 5000 eye movements, comprising fixations, saccades, and post-saccadic oscillations. The results provide interesting insights: On the noisier 250 Hz dataset, the Tobii I-VT algorithm excels in sample-level evaluation, while deep learning approaches outperform it in eventlevel saccade detection. In contrast, on the 300 Hz dataset, one deep learning model achieves superior performance on the event-level. This work aims to assist researchers in choosing the most suitable eye movement classifier for their datasets, making a significant contribution to the field of eye movement classifier comparisons. KW - Eye tracking, Tobii, Machine learning, Classification, Performance Y1 - 2025 SN - 9798400712821 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1145/3723010.3723023 SP - 86 EP - 95 PB - ACM CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Götz, Julia Sabrina A1 - Benditz, Achim A1 - Reinhard, Jan A1 - Schindler, Melanie A1 - Zeman, Florian A1 - Grifka, Joachim A1 - Greimel, Felix A1 - Leiss, Franziska T1 - Influence of Anxiety/Depression, Age, Gender and ASA on 1-Year Follow-Up Outcomes Following Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty in 5447 Patients JF - Journal of Clinical Medicine N2 - Introduction: There are many factors influencing the outcome after total joint arthroplasty (TJA). In particular, patient-related factors such as age, gender, ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists), or preoperative anxiety/depression have become increasingly important. The aim of this study was to examine the association of these parameters with 1-year postoperative outcomes after total knee and total hip arthroplasty (TKA, THA). Methods: A retrospective cohort of 5447 TJA patients was evaluated by pre- and postoperative analysis of EQ-5D, EQ-VAS and WOMAC Score. Furthermore, major focus was put on the association between age, gender, ASA, preoperative anxiety/depression and outcome parameters. Results: 53.3% (2903/5447) of all patients were identified with anxiety/depression at time of surgery. In the analysis, patients without anxiety/depression showed statistically significantly (p < 0.05) better EQ-5D, EQ-VAS and WOMAC scores. In addition, patients with ASA 2 or 3 and age over 70 years showed statistically significantly (p < 0.01) worse EQ-5D and WOMAC scores. Gender did not influence the postoperative EQ-5D and WOMAC results, but men had significantly better EQ-VAS scores than women in this study. Conclusion: Preoperative anxiety/depression symptoms show worse clinical outcomes 1 year postoperatively after TJA. Other outcome-influencing factors are higher age and ASA 2 or 3. In the future, such patients should be identified, and as far as applicable, a treatment of anxiety/depression or comorbidities should be implemented preoperatively of the surgical procedure to improve clinical outcomes. KW - anxiety KW - BENEFITS KW - COMORBIDITY KW - Depression KW - DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS KW - DISEASE KW - EPIDEMIOLOGY KW - hip arthroplasty (THA) KW - knee arthroplasty (TKA) KW - PAIN KW - postoperative outcomes KW - PREDICT KW - PREOPERATIVE ANXIETY KW - SEVERITY KW - TOTAL JOINT ARTHROPLASTY KW - total joint arthroplasty (TJA) Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:355-epub-508504 SN - 2077-0383 VL - 10 IS - 14 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Reinhard, Jan A1 - Schindler, Melanie A1 - Leiss, Franziska A1 - Greimel, Felix A1 - Grifka, Joachim A1 - Benditz, Achim T1 - No clinically significant difference in postoperative pain and side effects comparing conventional and enhanced recovery total hip arthroplasty with early mobilization JF - Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery N2 - IntroductionEnhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) leads to less morbidity, faster recovery, and, therefore, shorter hospital stays. The expected increment of primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) in the U.S. highlights the need for sufficient pain management. The favorable use of short-lasting spinal anesthesia enables early mobilization but may lead to increased opioid consumption the first 24 h (h) postoperatively.MethodsIn a retrospective study design, we compared conventional THA with postoperative immobilization for two days (non-ERAS) and enhanced recovery THA with early mobilization (ERAS group). Data assessment took place as part of the "Quality Improvement in Postoperative Pain Treatment project" (QUIPS). Initially, 2161 patients were enrolled, resulting in 630 after performing a matched pair analysis for sex, age, ASA score (American-Society-of-Anesthesiology) and preoperative pain score. Patient-reported pain scores, objectified by a numerical rating scale (NRS), opioid consumption and side effects were evaluated 24 h postoperatively.ResultsThe ERAS group revealed higher activity-related pain (p = 0.002), accompanied by significantly higher opioid consumption (p < 0.001). Maximum and minimum pain as well as side effects did not show significant differences (p > 0.05).ConclusionThis study is the first to analyze pain scores, opioid consumption, and side effects in a matched pair analyses at this early stage and supports the implementation of an ERAS concept for THA. Taking into consideration the early postoperative mobilization, we were not able to detect a difference regarding postoperative pain. Although opioid consumption appeared to be higher in ERAS group, occurrence of side effects ranged among comparable percentages. KW - ANESTHESIA KW - CARE KW - Early mobilization KW - Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) KW - Fast track surgery KW - FAST-TRACK HIP KW - Knee arthroplasty KW - MANAGEMENT KW - PATIENT KW - PERIPHERAL-NERVE BLOCK KW - Postoperative pain KW - QUALITY-IMPROVEMENT KW - QUIPS KW - REBOUND PAIN KW - REPLACEMENT SURGERY KW - Total hip arthroplasty (THA) Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00402-023-04858-2 SN - 1434-3916 SN - 0936-8051 VL - 143 IS - 10 SP - 6069 EP - 6076 PB - Springer CY - New York ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Monkman, Gareth J. T1 - Digital electronics N2 - This book introduces the basic digital components and devices, often with respect to historical events which led to these concepts, before combining them to make complete digital systems. The historical aspect is important in than many older devices were purely mechanical. This helps in understanding the basic concepts before embarking on analysis and application of modern semiconductor devices. The book covers all aspects of digital technology needed by first/second year university students. Basic devices and their combination from simple circuits to complete ALUs. Sequential concatenation of devices leads to counters, timers, registers and memory. Parallel to these subject, all mathematical aspects of Boolean algebra are covered. The book culminates in a fusion of the three main subjects resulting in the design of a basic CPU and the implementation of assembly language code. Throughout the book, reference is made to original historical devices and designs which have led (or in many cases, not) to the development of modern digital and computing systems. KW - assembler KW - binary maths KW - combinational logic KW - digital technology KW - historical developments KW - processors KW - sequential logic Y1 - 2026 SN - 978-3-031-69725-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-69726-5 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Liebetruth, Thomas T1 - Operational Excellence für die Logistik BT - Konzepte, Instrumente und Umsetzung in der Praxis N2 - Operational Excellence in der Logistik erfordert eine ganzheitliche Betrachtung der vier Perspektiven Prozesse & Qualität, People & Culture, Finanzen & Steuerung sowie Technologie & Innovation. Nur wenn Unternehmen diese Dimensionen integriert adressieren, kann operative Exzellenz nachhaltig erreicht werden. Zentrale Konzepte wie Lean Management und kontinuierliche Verbesserung, Supply Chain Management, Change Management, Design Thinking sowie ein klares Führungs- und Kulturverständnis liefern dafür die notwendigen Prinzipien und Denkansätze. Für die praktische Umsetzung in der Logistik stehen bewährte Instrumente wie Kreidekreis, Gemba Walk, Shopfloor-Management, 5S, Prozessanalysen mit BPMN 2.0, Prozesskostenrechnung und Logistikkennzahlen zur Verfügung. Entscheidend für den Erfolg ist auch die organisatorische Verankerung: Rollen müssen klar definiert oder neu ausgerichtet, die Zusammenarbeit systematisch gestaltet und Operational Excellence durch kontinuierliche Aktivitäten im Arbeitsalltag gelebt werden. KW - 5S KW - Change Management KW - Design Thinking KW - Finanzen KW - Frameworks KW - Gemba Walk KW - Innovation KW - Kreidekreis KW - KVP KW - Lean Management KW - Logistik KW - Operational Excellence KW - Prozesse KW - Prozessmanagement KW - Prozessoptimierung KW - Qualität KW - Shopfloor-Management KW - Steuerung KW - Supply Chain Management KW - Technologie Y1 - 2026 SN - 978-3-658-51241-5 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-51241-5 PB - Springer Fachmedien CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Schicker, Edwin T1 - Datenbanken und SQL N2 - Dieses Buch vermittelt fundierte Grundkenntnisse sowohl in Datenbanken als auch in SQL. Eine Zusammenfassung und zahlreiche Übungsaufgaben in jedem Kapitel dienen der Vertiefung des Stoffes und verbessern den Lernerfolg deutlich. Die Schwerpunkte des Buches sind relationale Datenbanken, Entwurf von Datenbanken, die Programmiersprache SQL und der Zugriff auf Datenbanken mittels der Sprache PHP. Aber auch Themen wie Recovery, Concurrency, Sicherheit und Integrität werden ausführlich besprochen. Ein Kapitel zu verteilten Datenbanken, NoSQL und objektrelationalen Datenbanken führt in die jeweilige Thematik ein. Ein eigenes Kapitel über Performance gibt wertvolle Anregungen und Tipps zum Betrieb von leistungsfähigen Datenbanken. Der Autor legt sehr viel Wert auf die praktische Anwendung. Mit Hilfe einer Beispieldatenbank kann das Gelernte sofort geübt werden. Diese Datenbank, alle vorgestellten Programme und die Lösungen zu allen Übungen werden im Internet zum Download bereitgestellt. KW - Beispieldatenbank KW - Concurrency KW - data structures KW - Datenbankdesign KW - Datenbankorganisation KW - Nicht-Relationale Datenbanken KW - NoSQL KW - Objektrelationen KW - Performance KW - PHP KW - RECOVERY KW - Relationale Datenbanken KW - Relationenmodell KW - SQL KW - SQL-Syntaxdiagramme Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-662-70456-1 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-70456-1 PB - Springer CY - Berlin, Heidelberg ET - 6. Auflage ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lehrer, Tobias A1 - Stocker, Philipp A1 - Duddeck, Fabian A1 - Wagner, Marcus T1 - Deep-Drawn U-Shaped Sheet Metal Mesh Files Excerpted from NHTSA Crash Vehicles [Dataset] N2 - This dataset contains 90 U-shaped mesh geometries that are excerpted from the NHTSA crash vehicle simulation models. The geometries undergo the following process: Shape Filtering: Select meshes suitable for deep drawing with a U-shaped profile. Duplicate Removal: Exclude symmetrical duplicates from vehicle structures. Model Transformation: Orient models with drawing direction along -z, length along x, and width along y. The meshes represent the final development state of the parts, as assembled in a car chassis. Geometries are provided in the LS-DYNA keyword file format, each accompanied by an image. Further specifications are given in the associated publication(s). Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.14716577 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Geyer, Johannes A1 - Melzer, Matthias A1 - Dünnweber, Jan A1 - Sarkar, Amitrajit T1 - Human Step Movement Imitation for Training Privacy-Aware Intelligent Environments T2 - 2026 22nd International Conference on Intelligent Environments (IE). - Lisbon, Portugal, 6/15/2026 - 6/18/2026 N2 - Movement sensors are used, e.g., for automated lighting or for HVAC automation. Depending on the type of sensor (ultrasonic, radar, etc.), not only the presence but also the number of people in a building can be determined. ML models trained with movement data can support the interpretation of local movement patterns: Situated intelligence means putting elementary data, such as step sensor measurements, together and learning bottom-up which movement patterns may indicate processes such as crowd formation or hurried motion. Such dynamic inference mechanisms are useful in guidance systems for key public venues, including shopping malls or tourist attractions. Compared to video-based automation, situated AI is more adaptable and can also be used where filming is not allowed due to privacy. In this work, we discuss privacy-aware tracking for environments using floor sensors and training data we built synthetically, but realistically, by imitating human musculoskeletal biomechanics. For two feasibility case studies, one in a grocery store and one on a city bus, we explain how we track unidentified people and derive limited behavioral indicators only from foot movements in a narrow area that we covered with a sensor map. KW - Artificial intelligence KW - Conferences KW - Floors KW - FOOT KW - Image sensors KW - Measurement KW - Modeling KW - Printing KW - TRACKING KW - training Y1 - 2026 UR - https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/11539056/ SN - 979-8-3315-6450-6 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/IE69249.2026.11539056 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Gaupp, Nora A1 - Schütz, Sandra A1 - Küppers, Lara ED - Krüger, Heinz-Hermann ED - Grunert, Cathleen ED - Ludwig, Katja T1 - Kinder und Jugendiche mit Behinderungen T2 - Handbuch Kindheits- und Jugendforschung N2 - Kinder und Jugendliche mit Behinderung erfahren in der aktuellen Kindheits- und Jugendforschung bislang noch wenig Aufmerksamkeit. Im Beitrag wird zunächst entlang verschiedener disziplinärer Perspektiven der Begriff Behinderung definiert und diskutiert. Nach einem Blick auf den gesellschaftlichen Umgang mit Kindern und Jugendlichen mit Behinderung erfolgt anhand quantitativer und qualitativer Studien ein knapper Überblick über vorliegende Befunde zur Lebenssituation von Kindern und Jugendlichen mit Behinderungen in den Lebensbereichen Bildung, Freizeit, soziale Eingebundenheit und Verselbstständigung. KW - Beeinträchtigung KW - Behinderung KW - Inklusion KW - Jugendliche KW - Kinder KW - Teilhabe Y1 - 2020 SN - 978-3-658-24801-7 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-24801-7_51-1 PB - Springer CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - THES A1 - Jobst, Simon T1 - Advancing Surface Plasmon Resonance Imaging Sensors through Neural Network-Aided Analysis of Lateral Signal Modulation for Robust Surface Sensing N2 - This work provides insight into the potential of camera-based surface plasmon resonance sensors when utilising the spatial sensor by modulating the sensor response through lateral modification of surface parameters or input illumination. These modifications have to be coupled with adequate signal processing. Modelling the sensor response using Fresnel formulae allows for accurate representation of the sensor surface state, increasing confidence in measured values. Alternatively, data-based modelling approaches can be utilised which eliminate the need for approximation of a physical model to observed data but are limited by the data they are trained on. It has been explored how, especially, deep learning models that are specialised in image processing (CNNs) can be utilised for qualitative or quantitative assessment of analytes with the help of a receptor array on an SPR surface. Notably, this approach demonstrates strong generalization capabilities, performing effectively on unseen sensors used for the same task. Preliminary experiments indicate that performance enhancements are feasible when data from different points in time during binding or debinding are used during processing. In conclusion, deep learning-assisted spatial SPR sensors hold immense potential for diverse applications, including online quality control, anomaly detection, and biofouling quantification. However, realizing this potential hinges on carefully designed experiments that yield high-quality data. Furthermore, incorporating orthogonal data sources is crucial for more precise determination of the surface state during calibration. Suitable surface-sensitive techniques include Raman spectroscopy, ellipsometry, and impedance spectroscopy. Coupling these methods can improve knowledge on the observed state during training. This information together with the presented methods can simplify sensor development and improve performance. Diese Arbeit gibt einen Einblick in das Potenzial kamerabasierter Oberflächenplasmonenresonanzsensoren, wenn der räumliche Sensor durch die Modulation von Sensorreaktionen durch laterale Modifikation der Oberflächenparameter oder der Eingangsbeleuchtung genutzt wird. Diese Modifikationen erzeugen eine komplexe Sensorantwort und müssen daher mit einer geeigneten Signalverarbeitung gekoppelt werden. Die Modellierung der Sensorantwort mit Hilfe von Fresnel-Formeln ermöglicht eine genaue Bestimmung des Sensoroberflächenzustands und erhöht so die Konfidenz in gemessene Werte. Alternativ können datenbasierte Modellierungsansätze angewandt werden, die eine Annäherung eines physikalischen Modells an aufgenommene Daten ersetzen können, aber durch die Daten, auf denen sie trainiert werden, begrenzt sind. Es wurde untersucht, wie insbesondere tiefe neuronale Netze, die auf die Bildverarbeitung spezialisiert sind (CNNs), für die qualitative oder quantitative Bewertung von Analyten mit Hilfe eines Rezeptor-Arrays auf einer SPR-Oberfläche eingesetzt werden können. Insbesondere zeigt dieser Ansatz starke Generalisierungsfähigkeiten, die auch bei unbekannten (unkalibrierten) Sensoren, die für dieselbe Aufgabe verwendet werden, wirksam sind. Vorläufige Experimente deuten darauf hin, dass Genauigkeitssteigerungen möglich sind, wenn bei der Verarbeitung Daten von verschiedenen Zeitpunkten während der Bindung verwendet werden. Zusammenfassend lässt sich sagen, dass räumliche SPR-Sensoren mit Hilfe von tiefen neuronalen Netzen immenses Potenzial für verschiedene Anwendungen haben, darunter Online-Qualitätskontrolle, Erkennung von Anomalien und Quantifizierung von Biofouling. Die Realisierung dieses Potenzials hängt jedoch von sorgfältig geplanten Experimenten ab, die qualitativ hochwertige Daten liefern. Darüber hinaus ist die Einbeziehung orthogonaler Datenquellen entscheidend für eine genauere Bestimmung des Oberflächenzustands während der Kalibrierung. Zu geeigneten oberflächensensitiven Techniken gehören Raman-Spektroskopie, Ellipsometrie und Impedanzspektroskopie. Die Kopplung dieser Methoden kann das Wissen über den beobachteten Zustand während des Trainings verbessern. Diese Informationen können zusammen mit den vorgestellten Methoden die Sensorentwicklung vereinfachen und die Leistung des Sensors in der Anwedung verbessern. Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:355-epub-767294 PB - Universität Regensburg ER - TY - THES A1 - Lichtenauer, Norbert T1 - Handlungsempfehlungen für Ergotherapie, Logopädie, Physiotherapie und Pflege im Bereich Teletherapie und Telepflege (HELP-TEL) entlang der ICF-Komponenten - Eine Mixed Methods Untersuchung mit Expert*innen und Patient*innen N2 - Hintergrund:Der demografische Wandel hat für dieGesundheitsversorgung weitreichende Folgen. So nehmen chronische Erkrankungen und die Menge an therapeutischen und pflegerischen Leistungen mit steigendem Lebensalter zu. Zudem verschärft der Fachkräftemangel in den Gesundheitsfachberufen die Versorgungssituation. Der verstärkte Einsatz von Telemedizin wird als Möglichkeit gesehen, um die vorhandenen Ressourcen effektiv einzusetzen und die Versorgungsqualität aufrecht zu erhalten oder zu verbessern. Dabei gilt der Einsatz von VK als zunehmend etabliert, ohne dassfür viele Berufsgruppen entsprechende Rahmenempfehlungen und Leitlinien existieren. Methodik:Unter Anwendung eines Mixed-Methods-Designs wurde in einer Triangulation von Literaturrecherche, Interviews und Fragebogen der Frage nachgegangen, welche Spezifika während der Durchführung eines Telesettings in den Bereichen Ergotherapie, Logopädie, Physiotherapie und Pflege auftretenkönnen. Mithilfeeines literaturbasierten Interviewleitfadens wurden Interviews (n=20) mit Fachkräften und Patient*innen in den Ländern Deutschland, Österreich und Schweiz durchgeführt. Die Ergebnisse der qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse wurdenim Anschluss mithilfeeines Online-Fragebogens (n=67) weiter vertieft. Die Synthese der Ergebnisse führte zu Handlungsempfehlungen für Fachkräfte und Patient*innen. Ergebnisse:Es wurden eine Reihe von Besonderheitenin einem Telesetting undder VK gegenüber einem Präsenzsetting deutlich. So zeigten sich Unterschiede in der Kommunikation und Interaktion durch den Technikeinsatz sowie durch beidseits verändertes Rollenverhalten. Weiter galten aufpersoneller Ebenedas Selbstmanagementals erhöhtund es wurden digitale Voraussetzungen thematisiert. Zudem wurdenveränderte Umweltaspektebeschrieben, miteiner verstärkten Teilhabe von Angehörigenund Veränderungen im Prozess und den Inhalten fanden statt. Diskussion:Ein Telesetting schafft neueMöglichkeitenin der Versorgung und Betreuung von Patient*innen. Dabei war beidseitig die Akzeptanz und Zufriedenheit mit einem Telesetting hoch. Zur Implementierung werden ein strategisches Vorgehen und Einführungen für alle Beteiligten in die Technik und Abläufe als wichtig angesehen. Dabei sind in Zukunft an das Telesetting angepasste Methoden und Personengruppen weiter zu definieren. Background:Demographic change has far-reaching consequences for healthcare. Chronic illnesses and the required therapeutic and nursing services increase with age. In addition, the shortage of specialists in healthcare is exacerbating the care situation. The increased use of telemedicine can effectively use existing resources and maintain and improvethe quality of care. Videocommunication between professionals and patients is becoming increasingly established with out corresponding framework recommendations and guidelines. Methods:Using a mixed-methods design, a triangulation of literature research, interviews,and questionnaires was used to investigate which specifics occur during the implementation of telesetting in occupational therapy, speech therapy, physiotherapy,and nursing. With the help of a literature-based interview guide, interviews (n=20) were conducted with professionals and pa-tients in Germany, Austria,and Switzerland. The results of the qualitative content analysis were then further deepened with the help of an online questionnaire (n=67). The synthesis of the results led to recommendations for action for professionals and patients. Results:Severalspecial features became apparent in telesetting and video communication com-pared to a face-to-face setting. For example, there were differences in communication and interaction due to technology use and role behaviourchangeson both sides. Furthermore, on a personal level, self-management was considered to be increased,and digital requirements were discussed. In addition, changingenvironmental aspects were described with increased participation of relatives and changes in the process andcontent. Discussion:Telesetting creates new possibilities in the care and support of patients. Acceptance and satisfaction with telesetting werehigh on both sides. A strategic approach and introductions to the technology and processes for all those involved are considered essentialfor implementation. Methods and groups of people adapted to telesetting will need to be further defined. Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:355-epub-768661 PB - Universität Regensburg ER - TY - INPR A1 - Schubert, Martin J. W. T1 - High Order Delta-Sigma Modulation with Positive Integer Coefficients N2 - This document proposes binomial integer parameters for the cascaded Delta-Sigma-modulator structure with distributed feedback and distributed feedforward input and multi-bit output. It is demonstrated that high orders can be achieved with these coefficients. Accuracy requirements concerning the coefficients are discussed. KW - binomial numbers KW - high order Delta-Sigma modulation KW - positive integer coefficients Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2511.10205 N1 - This paper was rejected by the 2025 IEEE SiPS Workshop, mainly because the idea was not sufficiently developed, e.g. regarding stability limits. Presumably for this reason, the German Federal Office for Economic Affairs and Export Control that monitors issues of signal processing, has approved the publication ER - TY - THES A1 - Glavan, Gašper T1 - Magnetomechanical Effects in Magnetoactive Elastomers: Magnetoelectric Coupling and Magnetostriction N2 - This work presents a comprehensive experimental investigation of magneto mechanical effects in magnetoactive elastomers (MAEs), focusing on their quasistatic, dynamic and transient responses to uniform and time varying magnetic fields. MAEs consist of magnetic particles embedded within a polymer matrix, which allow them to undergo variety of reversible changes of their physical properties in response to an external magnetic field. In the first part layered structures consisting of MAE layer and commercially available piezoelectric polymer layer are examined to elucidate the direct magnetoelectric (ME) effect under pulsed, triangular and sinusoidal magnetic field oscillation. MAE layer varied in thickness, elastomer stiffness and iron particle concentration. The generated voltage, charge and bending deflection are measured. The voltage response increase with thickness and concentration of MAE layer. At low frequencies (≤3 Hz) harmonic field modulation yield a maximum ME coupling coefficient of 3.3 ns/m (≈25 V/A) at bias magnetic field of 73 kA/m. The second part studies magnetostriction (MS) on a free-standing MAE cylinders. Using optical imaging, macroscopics deformation of MAE cylinders varying in iron content, isotropy and aspect ratio (0.2-1.2) are measured in uniform quasistatic and trapezoidally varying magnetic fields. Quasistatic measurements reveal substantial extensional strains up to 35% at 485 kA/m, lateral contraction, concave deformation of circular top surface, and significant volumetric strain (~10%). Transient experiments under controlled slew rates (52-757 kA/(s∙m) introduce four characteristic response times, that are normalized to the duration of magnetic field ramp, enabling the systematic comparison. Finally, the dynamic tests under harmonic fields (0.1-2.5 Hz) show that MAEs exhibit high piezomagnetic strain coefficients (~10² nm/A) with notable phase lags (35-60°). These behaviours are attributed to nonlinear viscoelasticity of MAEs. These findings provide a unified understanding of MAEs magnetoelectric and magnetostrictive behaviour, supporting the development for sensors, actuators and soft robotic systems. KW - Magnetoactive elastomeres KW - Magnetoelectric coupling KW - Magnetostriction Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.48693/813 PB - Universität Osnabrück ER - TY - BOOK ED - Dummann, Jörn ED - Linßer, Janine ED - Schliermann, Rainer T1 - Bewegung, Sport und Körper in der Sozialen Arbeit: ein Handbuch N2 - Bewegung, Spiel und Sport fördern körperliche und mentale Gesundheit, psychisches Wohlbefinden, Selbstwertgefühl und soziale Kompetenzen in Kindheit und Jugend, aber auch im Erwachsenenalter. Sie ermöglichen das Ausloten von Grenzen, tragen zur Stressbewältigung und Steigerung der Lebensqualität bei und beugen Isolation vor. Dieses Handbuch beleuchtet die Einsatzbereiche bewegungs- und sportorientierter Angebote der Sozialen Arbeit von Gesundheitsförderung über Inklusion bis zur Gewaltprävention und leistet so einen bedeutenden Beitrag zur fachlichen Diskussion und Entwicklung von Bewegung, Sport und Körper in der Sozialen Arbeit. Y1 - 2026 SN - 978-3-17-045868-0 U6 - https://doi.org/10.17433/978-3-17-045868-0 PB - Verlag W. Kohlhammer CY - Stuttgart ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Engl, Fabian A1 - Ezer, Timur A1 - Mottok, Jürgen T1 - Measuring Usability and User Experience with Eye-Tracking: Predicting Pragmatic and Hedonic Quality using Machine Learning T2 - Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on AI-based Media Innovation (AIMEDIA2025) N2 - This paper compares six different Machine Learning (ML) algorithms — the k-nearest neighbor algorithm, a Support Vector Machine, a Multi-Layer Perceptron, a Random Forest, Gradient Boosting, and Adaptive Boosting — in their ability to classify users based on their usability and user experience (UX) ratings, using only eyetracking data. A study was designed using three different websites from German drinking water providers, with the corresponding usability and UX ratings based on the User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ) and the AttrakDiff questionnaire. In total, 104 participants, contributing over 18 hours of eye-tracking data, took part in the study. The results indicate that Machine Learning models trained on smaller datasets, such as those in the field of eye-tracking, often achieve reasonable F1-scores without the need for extensive hyperparameter tuning. A comparison of random and Bayesian optimization approaches reveals that especially tree-based models benefit from Bayesian optimization. Among all models, the Support Vector Machine and Multi-Layer Perceptron perform the best, averaging F1- scores in the 90 % range, and demonstrating that usability and UX can be predicted using similar approaches across different websites within the same domain. Additionally, no significant difference was found between the usability and UX definitions of the UEQ and the AttrakDiff, suggesting that both are equally suitable for UUX predictions based on Machine Learning and eye-tracking. Y1 - 2025 UR - https://personales.upv.es/thinkmind/dl/conferences/aimedia/aimedia_2025/aimedia_2025_1_50_40036.pdf UR - https://www.thinkmind.org/library/AIMEDIA/AIMEDIA_2025/aimedia_2025_1_50_40036.html SN - 978-1-68558-330-9 SP - 22 EP - 31 PB - IARIA CY - Venice ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schubert, Martin J. W. T1 - Pole/Zero Invariant Scaling of LTI Impedances for Filter Design and Loop Control T2 - 2025 5th International Conference on Electrical, Computer and Energy Technologies (ICECET). - Paris, France, 03.07.2025 - 06.07.2025 N2 - Pole/zero invariant scaling of impedance networks consisting of linear and time-invariant (LTI) resistors, inductors, and capacitors is presented and proven. Impedances with the same poles and zeros, here referred to as phase congruent, are then combined to form composite impedances and simple filters. As an application example, a passive feedback network for an analog feedback loop using an operational amplifier in the control unit is described. The feedback network is designed to have both a frequency-independent voltage transfer function and a freely selectable output impedance. KW - analog feedback control system KW - Antennas KW - Capacitors KW - Circuits KW - Circuits and systems KW - Feedback KW - Feeds KW - Filtering KW - Filters KW - impedance scaling KW - Operational amplifiers KW - phase-congruent KW - pole/zero invariant KW - Voltage multipliers Y1 - 2025 SN - 979-8-3315-3559-9 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/ICECET63943.2025.11471943 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Ramsauer, Ralf A1 - Mauerer, Wolfgang T1 - QAL: System-Level Integration of Quantum Accelerators T2 - 2025 IEEE International Conference on Quantum Computing and Engineering (QCE). - Albuquerque, NM, USA, 30.08.2025 - 05.09.2025 N2 - Quantum computing is often treated as an experimental add-on: it is often loosely coupled to classical infrastructure through high-level interpreted languages, cloud-based orchestration and physical measurement hardware. However, future deployments in both high-performance computing (HPC) and embedded environments will demand tighter integration for lower latencies, stronger determinism, and architectural consistency. We propose a vertically integrated quantum systems architecture that treats quantum accelerators as peripheral system components. A central element is the Quantum Abstraction Layer (QAL), introduced at the kernel level of the operating system. This design enables real-time, low-latency, and high-throughput interaction between quantum and classical resources and opens the door for robust scheduling, resource management, and cross-stack optimisation. Kernel-space integration is not merely a technical curiosity—it is a necessity. For HPC, it enables scalable, heterogeneous workloads; for embedded systems, it provides a foundation for future quantum deployments far beyond scripting-based control interfaces. We present early-stage results including a virtual QPU model integrated into a QEMU-based prototype system. The architecture is validated through functional emulation and time-accurate FPGA simulations, enabling realistic evaluation of hybrid system performance and quantum advantage scenarios. Our work lays the groundwork for a system-level co-design methodology tailored for the next generation of quantum-classical computing. KW - Computational modeling KW - Computer architecture KW - Low latency communication KW - Next generation networking KW - Prototypes KW - Quantum advantage KW - Quantum system KW - Real-time systems KW - Resource management KW - System performance Y1 - 2025 SN - 979-8-3315-5736-2 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/QCE65121.2025.10384 SP - 438 EP - 439 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Lehmann, Lukas A1 - Herrmann, David A1 - Schaeffer, Leon A1 - Böhm, Valter ED - Lanteigne, Eric ED - Nokleby, Scott T1 - Realization of Anisotropic Properties of Compliant 2D Tensegrity Grids for the Use in Soft Robotics T2 - Proceedings of the 2025 CCToMM Symposium on Mechanisms, Machines, and Mechatronics N2 - The consideration of compliant tensegrity grids in the context of soft robotics is a promising area of research, offering the potential for systems with significant flexibility in both shape adaptation and change of mechanical properties. This study investigates two-dimensional (2D) tensegrity grids composed of compressed members that are indirectly linked via flexible, tensioned members. The focus of this paper is on the targeted and controlled realization of anisotropic properties of those tensegrity grids. Finally the findings are summarized and the application of tensegrity grids for the use in mobile robotics and soft grippers is outlined. Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-031-95488-7 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-95489-4_6 VL - 184 SP - 63 EP - 74 PB - Springer Nature CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Görtler, Michael ED - Panreck, Isabelle-Christine ED - Girnus, Luisa ED - Partetzke, Marc T1 - Soziale Arbeit, politische Bildung, Didaktik: Perspektiven aus Forschung, Lehre und Studium T2 - Von der Krise zur Innovation N2 - Infolge der gesellschaftlichen Relevanz, die politischer bzw. demokratischer Bildung gegenwärtig zugeschrieben wird, wie etwa im 16. Kinder- und Jugendbericht, erhält diese Thematik im Fachdiskurs der Sozialen Arbeit erhöhte Aufmerksamkeit. So wird in aktuellen Fach- und Praxisdebatten die Bedeutung politischer Bildung in der Sozialen Arbeit verhandelt, beispielsweise im Kontext ihrer Handlungsfelder. Dabei stellt sich auch die Frage nach der Qualifizierung von Studierenden und Fachkräften im Rahmen der akademischen Aus-, Fort- und Weiterbildung. Vor diesem Hintergrund versucht sich dieser Beitrag dem Begriffsfeld um Soziale Arbeit, politische Bildung und Didaktik anzunähern und Perspektiven aus Forschung, Lehre und Studium herauszuarbeiten Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-658-47648-9 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-47649-6_11 SP - 187 EP - 199 PB - Springer CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hoffmann, Tim A1 - Melzer, Matthias A1 - Dünnweber, Jan T1 - Telling robots to do what we want them to T2 - 2025 13th International Conference on Control, Mechatronics and Automation (ICCMA). - Paris, France, 24-26.11.2025 N2 - Despite the versatility of today’s LLMs, maintaining control over automated systems via textual instructions remains challenging due to the ambiguity of human language. When we restrict our attention to automated guided vehicles (AGVs), i. e., mobile robots, the difficulty of translating commands like "come over" can be simplified to specifying the "over" precisely enough that the machine can follow. For specifying motion targets, the Industry Foundation Classes (IFC), used in architecture, or a Universal Scene Description (USD), as popular in visual effects (VFX) design, are definitely more accurate than prompting an AI, particularly concerning indoor locations. However, these data formats represent descriptive languages and are therefore not widespread in modern robotics, where most applications are built upon the robot operating system (ROS 2), which rather follows an instructive communication paradigm. Thus, a translation of floor-, room-, door- and stair-descriptions into a stream of tokens, holding primarily directions, is desirable. Whilst parsing that stream, geometric properties can be mapped to a spatial model. The Cognitive Robot Abstract Machine (CRAM) notation, extending the functional programming language Lisp by macros for controlling robots, provides a suitable syntax for describing such models as motion plans. Therefore, we present a converter from IFC to CRAM which we have built using the Unix tools Flex and Bison. For an example IFC file, we also explain the steps necessary for letting a ROS 2-compliant robot autonomously follow the CRAM motion plan resulting from such a conversion. KW - Artificial intelligence KW - Buildings KW - code generation KW - Codes KW - Middleware KW - Mobile robots KW - NAVIGATION KW - physical AI KW - Robot kinematics KW - robot navigation KW - Robot programming KW - Robots KW - Translation Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-8-3315-9141-0 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCMA67641.2025.11369543 SN - 2837-5149 SP - 69 EP - 75 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Matsuyama, Ryo A1 - Muramatsu, Shun A1 - Bugl, Benedikt A1 - Schneider, Viola Isabella A1 - Sehr, Armin A1 - Yoshida, Takahiro T1 - Low-Frequency Focused Learning Method for Active Noise Canceling in Headphones T2 - 2025 IEEE 14th Global Conference on Consumer Electronics (GCCE). - Osaka, Japan, 23.09.2025 - 26.09.2025 N2 - Active noise control reduces unwanted sound by generating the anti-noise. Neural network-based approaches have shown superior noise reduction performance compared to the conventional filtered-x least mean squares algorithm in simulation environments. However, we observed that it generates excessive mid- and high-frequency components, which increase residual error. To address this, we propose a low-frequency focused learning, which applies a low-pass filter (LPF) during training and canceling to improve lower frequency reduction. We evaluate the proposed method using data that simulates the real environment of active noise canceling in headphones and includes the effects of the primary path obtained through measurement. Evaluated results showed the proposed method achieved improvements of 3.12 dB (41.4%) average noise reduction and a maximum of 6.03 dB over the previous method without LPF. KW - Filtering algorithms KW - Fitting KW - Headphones KW - Learning systems KW - Long short term memory KW - Low-pass filters KW - Noise KW - Noise measurement KW - Noise reduction KW - training Y1 - 2025 SN - 979-8-3315-2416-6 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/GCCE65946.2025.11274678 SP - 992 EP - 994 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Lehmann, Lukas A1 - Herrmann, David A1 - Schaeffer, Leon A1 - Hohma, Marcelo A1 - Rieffel, John A1 - Böhm, Valter T1 - Investigation of stiffness and mechanical property change capabilities of compliant 2D tensegrity grids for the application in soft robotics T2 - 2025 IEEE 8th International Conference on Soft Robotics (RoboSoft). - Lausanne, Switzerland, 22.04.2025 - 26.04.2025 N2 - The application of compliant tensegrity grids in soft robotics represents a promising research topic. These grids enable the development of systems capable of substantial variations in both shape and stiffness. This paper presents 2D tensegrity grids, which are composed of deformable compressed units connected indirectly through flexible, tensioned members. Various grid configurations are analyzed regarding their stiffness characterizations and property change capabilities. A preset-feature-detector method is used to evaluate the shape adaptation of a demonstrator manufactured using rapid prototyping. KW - Actuators KW - Deformation KW - rapid prototyping KW - Shape KW - Soft robotics Y1 - 2025 SN - 979-8-3315-2020-5 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/RoboSoft63089.2025.11020955 N1 - This work was supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG) under Grants BO4114/3-2, ZE714/14-2 and DFG Mercator Fellowship PB - IEEE ER - TY - BOOK ED - Rolfes, Vasilija ED - Scharf, Anna ED - Gerhards, Helene ED - Cerullo, Laura ED - Weber, Karsten T1 - Reproduktionszukünfte N2 - Zu den bereits klinisch implementierten reproduktionsmedizinischen Verfahren wie der In-vitro-Fertilisation oder Eizell-Kryokonservierung, die Menschen mit Fertilitätseinschränkungen dabei helfen sollen, Kinder zu bekommen, kommen immer mehr Verfahren hinzu, welche sich zwar noch im experimentellen Stadium befinden, jedoch bereits auf die Möglichkeit der klinischen Anwendung hindeuten. Ein erstes relevantes Verfahren ist die In-vitro-Gametogenese, die Generierung von artifiziellen Gameten. Ein zweites ist die extrakorporale Schwangerschaft, mit der die Hoffnung verbunden ist, schwere Komplikationen oder sogar den Tod bei Frühgeburten zu vermeiden. Diese medizinischen Innovationen können weitreichende rechtliche, gesellschaftliche und ethische Konsequenzen im Kontext der menschlichen Reproduktion nach sich ziehen – diese werden im vorliegenden Sammelband kritisch diskutiert. Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-658-46299-4 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-46300-7 PB - Springer CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - GEN ED - Mottok, Jürgen ED - Hagel, Georg T1 - Proceedings of the 6th European Conference on Software Engineering Education : ECSEE 2025. - Seeon Germany, 02 06 2025 - 04 .06 2025 Y1 - 2025 SN - 9798400712821 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1145/3723010 PB - ACM ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Nadimpalli, Vamsi Krishna A1 - Maier, Robert A1 - Ezer, Timur A1 - Bugert, Flemming A1 - Staufer, Susanne A1 - Röhrl, Simon A1 - Hauser, Florian A1 - Grabinger, Lisa A1 - Mottok, Jürgen ED - Mottok, Jürgen ED - Hagel, Georg T1 - Nestor: a Personalized Learning Path Recommendation Algorithm for Adaptive Learning Environments T2 - Proceedings of the 6th European Conference on Software Engineering Education : ECSEE 2025. - Seeon Germany, 02 - 04 .06 2025 N2 - In recent years, advances in technology and the increased use of online and distance learning have led to the widespread adoption of Learning Management Systems (LMS) in higher education institutions and in software engineering education. However, today’s LMS typically consider only a few learner characteristics when recommending personalized learning paths. It is evident that relying on a single learning theory or a limited set of learner characteristics does not fully capture the complex behavior and needs of learners. To address this, we present a hybrid AI algorithm called Nestor that integrates qualitative insights and quantitative evidence to incorporate multiple learning theories, including learning styles, learning strategies, personalities, and preferences for learning elements. In this paper we discuss the design of Nestor to defining its structure and conduct an in-depth comparative analysis to identify optimal data for parameter learning. In addition, a qualitative questionnaire survey of learners who received learning paths evaluates the effectiveness of the recommendations. Performance evaluations on held-out test data and leave-one-out cross-validation indicate that Nestor explains both empirical and synthesized data similarly while achieving improved predictive performance with augmented datasets. Moreover, learner feedback shows neutral to positive responses with the recommendations KW - Personalized Learning Paths KW - Bayesian network KW - Learner-Centered environment KW - Machine learning KW - Psychological Models Y1 - 2025 SN - 9798400712821 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1145/3723010.3723016 SP - 49 EP - 59 PB - ACM ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Grabinger, Lisa A1 - Ezer, Timur A1 - Hauser, Florian A1 - Mottok, Jürgen ED - Mottok, Jürgen ED - Hagel, Georg T1 - The Usability of eyenalyzer T2 - Proceedings of the 6th European Conference on Software Engineering Education : ECSEE 2025. - Seeon Germany, 02 - 04 .06 2025 N2 - The web-based tool eyenalyzer supports prospective researchers in learning and performing statistical data analyses. To further improve the tool, we conducted a controlled experiment investigating its usability. In the experiment, a total of 41 participants complete common data analysis tasks with eyenalyzer while being recorded by an eye tracker and fill out a questionnaire on demographics, prior experience, difficulty of the tasks, and opinion of the tool. The results confirm a good overall usability of eyenalyzer, e.g., achieving an average SUS score of 82. Moreover, the data gives deeper insights into the use of certain elements of the tool. KW - data analysis KW - empirical research KW - eye tracking KW - tool evaluation Y1 - 2025 SN - 9798400712821 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1145/3723010.3723011 SP - 77 EP - 85 PB - ACM ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Simon, Schmidbauer A1 - Uricher, Jonathan A1 - Lorenz, Miriam Hedwig A1 - Haug, Sonja A1 - Laging, Marion A1 - Heidenreich, Thomas T1 - Survey Methodology for Sampling Refugees in Shared Accommodation BT - Lessons Learned from two Surveys in Germany JF - Zeitschrift für Flucht- und Flüchtlingsforschung N2 - In Germany refugees are often housed for extended periods in shared accommo- dation. These facilities host a large proportion of the refugee population after arri- val and serve as important sampling frames for empirical research. At the same time, they represent a distinct and evolving field of study focusing on living con- ditions and residents’ experiences. However, research in this area faces numerous methodological challenges. In quantitative studies, issues of representativeness arise—both in relation to the overall refugee population and to residents within the facilities. Additionally, the heterogeneity of the target group impacts survey design, data collection, and analysis. This article aims to support researchers planning studies in this field. Drawing on two research projects by the authors, we compare methodological approaches to sampling and interviewing. We high- light challenges encountered and provide recommendations on aspects such as multilingual instruments, access to the field, and the importance of understanding residents’ specific living situations. KW - Migration KW - Flucht Y1 - 2026 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5771/2509-9485-2026-002 SN - 2942-3597 SN - 2509-9485 VL - 10 SP - 3 EP - 19 PB - Nomos ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Curbach, Janina A1 - Talaulicar, Till A1 - Vaquero, Ivan Ureta A1 - Wittmann, Simone T1 - Wirtschafts- und Unternehmensethik aus Unternehmenssicht. Ergebnisse einer Befragung in Deutschland und der Schweiz JF - Zeitschrift für Wirtschafts- und Unternehmensethik : zfwu (Journal for Business, Economics & Ethics) N2 - Der Beitrag hat das Verständnis und die Ausgestaltung von Wirtschafts- und Unternehmensethik (WUE) in deutschen und schweizerischen Unternehmen zum Gegenstand. Auf Basis einer standardisierten Befragung wurde erhoben, welche Zuständigkeiten für WUE in Unternehmen eingerichtet sind, welche Kompetenzen dafür als wichtig erachtet werden, wie Trainingsmaßnahmen zur Entwicklung dieser Kompetenzen genutzt werden und welche Zukunftsthemen Unternehmensvertreterinnen und -vertreter als besondere Herausforderungen im Bereich der WUE sehen. Die Befunde zeigen, dass die Unternehmenspraxis – trotz bzw. neben ihrer notwendigen Anwendungs- und Implementierungsorientierung – die Bedeutung von ethischem Grundlagenwissen und Kenntnissen über Theorien und Konzepte der Wirtschafts- und Unternehmensethik anerkennt. Hinsichtlich wichtiger Zukunftsthemen besteht bemerkenswert großes Einvernehmen, dass dazu vor allem ethische Herausforderungen im Zusammenhang von Cyber-Crime und Cyber-Security, Digitalisierung, künstlicher Intelligenz und in der Folge eine Corporate Digital Responsibility zählen. T2 - Business and Corporate Ethics from a Corporate Perspective: Survey Results from Germany and Switzerland Y1 - 2025 UR - https://www.inlibra.com/de/document/view/detail/uuid/1ee2b165-874d-32a0-bec6-a31b944f5135 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5771/1439-880X-2025-1-92 SN - 1439-880X SN - 1862-0043 N1 - DOI funktioniert nicht VL - 26 IS - 1 SP - 92 EP - 123 PB - Nomos ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Talaulicar, Till A1 - Aßländer, Michael S. A1 - Curbach, Janina T1 - Forschung zur Wirtschafts- und Unternehmensethik im deutschsprachigen Raum Einschätzungen auf Basis von Publikations- und Befragungsdaten JF - Zeitschrift für Wirtschafts- und Unternehmensethik : zfwu N2 - Der Beitrag erfasst den Stand der Forschung zur Wirtschafts- und Unternehmensethik in der DACH-Region (Deutschland, Österreich, Schweiz). Es werden die Buch- und Zeitschriftenpublikationen erhoben und ausgewertet, die von Personen vorgelegt worden sind, die in Wirtschafts- und Unternehmens­ethik an einer Hochschule der DACH-Region tätig sind. Darüber hinaus wurde eine Befragung dieses Personenkreises vorgenommen. Die Befunde deuten auf eine aktive und vielfältige Forschungslandschaft in diesem Bereich, die Schwerpunkte in den Gebieten CSR und Nachhaltigkeit setzt, daneben aber thematisch sehr divers aufgestellt ist. Trotz der anerkannten Bedeutung von (Grundlagen-)Reflexionen, die lange Zeit im Mittelpunkt der Auseinandersetzung standen, erfahren Anwendungs- und Implementierungsfragen große Aufmerksamkeit. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5771/1439-880X-2025-1-34 SN - 1439-880X SN - 1862-0043 VL - 26 IS - 1 SP - 34 EP - 58 PB - Nomos ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Pagano, Stefano A1 - Holzapfel, Sabrina A1 - Kappenschneider, Tobias A1 - Meyer, Matthias A1 - Maderbacher, Günther A1 - Grifka, Joachim A1 - Holzapfel, Dominik Emanuel T1 - Arthrosis diagnosis and treatment recommendations in clinical practice: an exploratory investigation with the generative AI model GPT-4 JF - Journal of Orthopaedics and Traumatology N2 - Background The spread of artificial intelligence (AI) has led to transformative advancements in diverse sectors, including healthcare. Specifically, generative writing systems have shown potential in various applications, but their effectiveness in clinical settings has been barely investigated. In this context, we evaluated the proficiency of ChatGPT-4 in diagnosing gonarthrosis and coxarthrosis and recommending appropriate treatments compared with orthopaedic specialists.Methods A retrospective review was conducted using anonymized medical records of 100 patients previously diagnosed with either knee or hip arthrosis. ChatGPT-4 was employed to analyse these historical records, formulating both a diagnosis and potential treatment suggestions. Subsequently, a comparative analysis was conducted to assess the concordance between the AI's conclusions and the original clinical decisions made by the physicians.Results In diagnostic evaluations, ChatGPT-4 consistently aligned with the conclusions previously drawn by physicians. In terms of treatment recommendations, there was an 83% agreement between the AI and orthopaedic specialists. The therapeutic concordance was verified by the calculation of a Cohen's Kappa coefficient of 0.580 (p < 0.001). This indicates a moderate-to-good level of agreement. In recommendations pertaining to surgical treatment, the AI demonstrated a sensitivity and specificity of 78% and 80%, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression demonstrated that the variables reduced quality of life (OR 49.97, p < 0.001) and start-up pain (OR 12.54, p = 0.028) have an influence on ChatGPT-4's recommendation for a surgery.Conclusion This study emphasises ChatGPT-4's notable potential in diagnosing conditions such as gonarthrosis and coxarthrosis and in aligning its treatment recommendations with those of orthopaedic specialists. However, it is crucial to acknowledge that AI tools such as ChatGPT-4 are not meant to replace the nuanced expertise and clinical judgment of seasoned orthopaedic surgeons, particularly in complex decision-making scenarios regarding treatment indications. Due to the exploratory nature of the study, further research with larger patient populations and more complex diagnoses is necessary to validate the findings and explore the broader potential of AI in healthcare. KW - Arthrosis KW - Artificial intelligence KW - ChatGPT-4 KW - Large language model KW - Orthopaedics KW - Reliability KW - Total joint replacement Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:355-epub-551270 SN - 1590-9999 SN - 1590-9921 VL - 24 IS - 1 PB - Springer CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Nöscher, Paulus A1 - Weber, Andrea A1 - Leitzmann, Michael A1 - Grifka, Joachim A1 - Jochem, Carmen T1 - Arbeitsbezogenes sedentäres Verhalten BT - Eine explorative Studie an Verwaltungsangestellten einer Universitätsklinik JF - Zentralblatt für Arbeitsmedizin, Arbeitsschutz und Ergonomie N2 - Hintergrund Sedentäres Verhalten ist mit einem erhöhten Risiko für chronische Krankheiten und einer höheren Gesamtmortalität assoziiert. Arbeitsbezogenes Sitzen hat einen großen Anteil am täglichen sedentären Verhalten, insbesondere bei Büroangestellten. Ziel der Arbeit In dieser Studie sollte untersucht werden, wie viel Zeit bei verschiedenen Aufgaben am Arbeitsplatz und beim Pendeln von Verwaltungsangestellten einer Universitätsklinik in Deutschland im Sitzen verbracht wird. Material und Methoden Eine fragebogengestützte Querschnittsstudie mit Verwaltungsangestellten des Universitätsklinikums Regensburg wurde durchgeführt, um arbeitsbezogenes sedentäres Verhalten zu untersuchen. Ergebnisse Die Studienpopulation bestand aus 159 Teilnehmenden (54,1?% Frauen, 51,6?% älter als 40 Jahre), was einer Antwortquote von 26?% entspricht. Die durchschnittliche tägliche Sitzzeit am Arbeitsplatz betrug im Median 7,0?h (Interquartilsbereich [IQR] 6,0?7,5?h) und fand hauptsächlich bei der Computerarbeit statt (57,3?%). Die mittlere Stehzeit bei der Arbeit betrug im Median 0,8?h (IQR 0,3?1,4?h). Verwaltungsangestellte verbrachten während des Pendelns im Median 0,7?h (IQR 0,3?1,0?h) pro Tag im Sitzen. Die Teilnehmenden waren der Ansicht, dass langes und ununterbrochenes Sitzen negative (69,6?%) oder eher negative (29,7?%) Auswirkungen auf die Gesundheit hat. Diskussion Verwaltungspersonal in Krankenhäusern verbringt einen großen Teil der täglichen Arbeitszeit mit sedentärem Verhalten. Maßnahmen, die es ermöglichen, sowohl im Sitzen als auch im Stehen zu arbeiten, können zu einer Verringerung der arbeitsbedingten Sitzzeit führen und damit die Gesundheit am Arbeitsplatz und im weiteren Sinne die öffentliche Gesundheit verbessern. T2 - Work-related sedentary behavior: an exploratory study of administrative staff in a university hospital KW - Arbeitsmedizin KW - Gesundheitsverhalten KW - Public Health KW - Sedentäres Verhalten KW - Sitzzeit Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:355-epub-535411 SN - 0944-2502 SN - 2198-0713 VL - 73 SP - 39 EP - 47 PB - Springer Nature ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Reinhard, Jan A1 - Michalk, Katrin A1 - Schiegl, Julia Sabrina A1 - Pagano, Stefano A1 - Grifka, Joachim A1 - Maderbacher, Günther A1 - Meyer, Matthias A1 - Kappenschneider, Tobias T1 - Impressive Short-Term Improvement in Functional Outcome and Quality of Life after Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA) in the Orthogeriatric Patient in a Prospective Monocentric Trial JF - Journal of Clinical Medicine N2 - Background/Objectives: Osteoarthritis (OA) represents the most frequent chronic joint disease worldwide. Facing an aging population, resulting from the demographic change, the number of primary total hip arthroplasties (THA) will further increase. Although the geriatric patient strongly differs from the younger one, the current literature on elective orthopedic surgery in the geriatric patient is scarce. This work analyses, whether geriatric patients receiving primary THA significantly improve in terms of their (1) mobility and functional outcome and (2) health-related quality of life at four to six weeks as well as three months postoperatively. Methods: In a prospective study design, we analyzed 101 geriatric patients with osteoarthritis of the hip receiving primary THA. The study is part of the ongoing ?Special Orthopaedic Geriatrics? (SOG) trial, which is funded by the German Federal Joint Committee (GBA). In addition to a preoperative comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA), the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) and the EQ5D-5L were imposed preoperatively (t0), at four to six weeks (t1), and at three months (t2) postoperatively. Results: The 101 enrolled patients had a mean age of 78.1 ± 4.9 years. The total WOMAC score and almost all subcategories significantly improved at four to six weeks as well as three months postoperatively in comparison to the preoperative results (p < 0.001). The same was observed for the EQ-5D-5L, showing significant improvement in overall health at both time points (p < 0.001) and all subcategories (p < 0.05). Conclusions: This study implies that a geriatric patient benefits as much from elective primary THA as a younger patient. However, the preoperative comprehensive geriatric assessment with screening for risk factors is of utmost importance. Regarding the aging population, a lot of effort is needed to obtain more knowledge about geriatric patients receiving elective orthopedic surgery. KW - Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) KW - elderly patients KW - EQ5D-5L KW - Frailty KW - geriatric patients KW - older patients KW - orthogeriatric patients KW - primary total hip arthroplasty (primary THA) KW - WOMAC Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:355-epub-582274 SN - 2077-0383 VL - 13 IS - 9 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Faber, F. A1 - Benditz, A. A1 - Boluki, D. A1 - Grifka, Joachim T1 - Anwendung Bildwandler-gestützter Injektionen bei Zervikal- und Lumbalsyndromen JF - Zeitschrift für Rheumatologie N2 - The X-ray image-guided injection methods are an important tool for the treatment of cervical and lumbar pain syndromes. For the application of these methods it is necessary to have a differentiated consideration of cervical and lumbar pain syndromes. This leads to a decoding of complaints to assignable pain generators, which enables a targeted injection method. Depending on the origin of pain, injections are placed at the nerve root or the joints. Thus, the vicious cycle of pain can be stopped. A correct technical procedure is of enormous importance. Particular attention must be paid to the pharmacological effects and special complications. A monitoring and precautionary measures are mandatory. T2 - Application of image-guided injection for cervical and lumbar syndromes KW - Cervical spine KW - COMPLICATIONS KW - EFFICACY KW - INJECTION KW - INTERLAMINAR KW - Local anesthesia KW - Lumbar spine KW - MANAGEMENT KW - PAIN KW - Pain management KW - STEROID INJECTIONS KW - therapy Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00393-020-00776-5 SN - 1435-1250 SN - 0340-1855 VL - 79 IS - 4 SP - 367 EP - 378 PB - Springer Nature CY - Heidelberg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Meyer, Matthias A1 - Schwarz, Timo A1 - Renkawitz, Tobias A1 - Maderbacher, Günther A1 - Grifka, Joachim A1 - Weber, Markus T1 - Hospital Frailty Risk Score predicts adverse events in revision total hip and knee arthroplasty JF - International Orthopaedics N2 - Introduction The Hospital Frailty Risk Score (HFRS) is a validated risk stratification model referring to the cumulative deficits model of frailty. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the HFRS as a predictor of 90-day readmission and complications after revision total hip (rTHA) and knee (rTKA) arthroplasty. Methods In a retrospective analysis of 565 patients who had undergone rTHA or rTKA between 2011 and 2019, the HFRS was calculated for each patient. Rates of adverse events were compared between patients with low and intermediate or high frailty risk. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess the relationship between the HFRS and post-operative adverse events. Results Patients with intermediate or high frailty risk showed higher rates of readmission (30days: 23.8% vs. 9.9%, p = 0.006; 90days: 26.2% vs. 13.0%, p < 0.018), surgical complications (28.6% vs. 7.8%, p < 0.001), medical complications (11.9% vs. 1.0%, p < 0.001), other complications (28.6% vs. 2.3%, p < 0.001), Clavien-Dindo grade IV complications (14.3% vs. 4.8%, p = 0.009), and transfusion (33.3% vs. 6.1%, p < 0.001). Multivariable logistic regression analyses revealed a high HFRS as independent risk factor for surgical complications (OR = 3.45, 95% CI 1.45-8.18, p = 0.005), medical complications (OR = 7.29, 95% CI 1.72-30.97, p = 0.007), and other complications (OR = 14.15, 95% CI 5.16-38.77, p < 0.001). Conclusion The HFRS predicts adverse events after rTHA and rTKA. As it derives from routinely collected data, the HFRS could be implemented automated in hospital information systems to facilitate identification of at-risk patients. KW - Adverse events KW - ASSESSMENT TOOL KW - Frailty KW - HFRS KW - INDEX KW - INTERVENTION KW - Outcome KW - OUTCOMES KW - Revision arthroplasty Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:355-epub-455614 SN - 1432-5195 SN - 0341-2695 VL - 45 IS - 11 SP - 2765 EP - 2772 PB - Springer CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Meyer, Matthias A1 - Leiss, Franziska A1 - Greimel, Felix A1 - Renkawitz, Tobias A1 - Grifka, Joachim A1 - Maderbacher, Günther A1 - Weber, Markus T1 - Impact of malnutrition and vitamin deficiency in geriatric patients undergoing orthopedic surgery JF - Acta Orthopaedica N2 - Background and purpose - There is growing evidence that hypoproteinemia is an important risk factor for adverse events after surgery. Less is known about the impact of vitamin deficiency on postoperative outcome. Therefore we evaluated the prevalence and impact of malnutrition and vitamin deficiency in geriatric patients undergoing elective orthopedic surgery. Patients and methods - In a retrospective analysis of 599 geriatric patients who had undergone elective orthopedic surgery in 2018 and 2019, hypoproteinemia, and deficiency of vitamin D, vitamin B12, and folate were assessed. Reoperation rates, readmission rates, complication rates, and transfusion rates were compared between malnourished patients and patients with normal parameters. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess the relationship between malnutrition and postoperative adverse events, controlling for confounding factors such as age, sex, diabetes mellitus, and frailty. Results - Patients with malnutrition showed a higher rate of reoperation (13% vs. 5.5%; p = 0.01) and exhibited more wound-healing disorders (7.4% vs. 1.3%, p = 0.001) as well as Clavien-Dindo IV degrees complications (7.4% vs. 2.4%; p = 0.03). Deficiency of vitamin D led to a higher rate of falls (8.4% vs. 2.9%, p = 0.006). Deficiency of vitamin B12 and folate did not affect postoperative adverse events. Although correlated to frailty (p = 0.004), multivariable regression analysis identified malnutrition as independent risk factor for reoperation (OR 2.6, 95% CI 1.1-6.2) and wound healing disorders (OR 7.1, CI 1.9-26). Interpretation - Malnutrition is common among geriatric patients undergoing elective orthopedic surgery and represents an independent risk factor for postoperative adverse events. KW - ADULTS KW - OUTCOMES KW - RISK Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:355-epub-448051 SN - 1745-3682 SN - 1745-3674 VL - 92 IS - 3 SP - 1 EP - 7 PB - Medical Journal Sweden AB CY - Uppsala ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Greimel, F. A1 - Grifka, Joachim A1 - Maderbacher, G. T1 - Fast-Track in der Hüft- und Kniegelenkendoprothetik JF - Der Orthopäde N2 - Fast-track treatment concepts were developed decades ago in general and abdominal surgery and have been adapted in recent years for the special requirements of hip and knee arthroplasty. In this field, Hendrik Husted in particular was able to demonstrate scientific evidence for the components of fast-track concepts. The primary aim is not so much to shorten the patient's hospital length of stay (LOS) but rather to effectively increase the quality of medical treatment for the patient and to reduce complications. The optimization of organizational processes as well as intraoperative and perioperative surgical approaches are essential components regarding the introduction of fast track into the clinical routine. This article gives a comprehensive overview of fast-track treatment concepts and explains the scientific principles for the approach. T2 - Fast track in hip and knee arthroplasty KW - ENHANCED RECOVERY KW - Inpatient length of stay KW - Local infiltration analgesia KW - Organizational processes KW - Treatment quality Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00132-021-04071-2 SN - 1433-0431 VL - 50 IS - 4 SP - 333 EP - 343 PB - Springer CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Reinhard, Jan A1 - Schiegl, Julia Sabrina A1 - Pagano, Stefano A1 - Leiss, Franziska A1 - Kappenschneider, Tobias A1 - Maderbacher, Günther A1 - Grifka, Joachim A1 - Greimel, Felix T1 - Favourable mid-term isokinetic strength after primary THA combined with a modified enhanced recovery after surgery concept (ERAS) in a single blinded randomized controlled trial JF - Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery N2 - Purpose Muscular deficits as part of severe osteoarthritis of the hip may persist for up to two years following total hip arthroplasty (THA). No study has evaluated the mid-term benefit of a modified enhanced-recovery-after-surgery (ERAS) concept on muscular strength of the hip in detail thus far. We (1) investigated if a modified ERAS-concept for primary THA improves the mid-term rehabilitation of muscular strength and (2) compared the clinical outcome using validated clinical scores. Methods In a prospective, single-blinded, randomized controlled trial we compared patients receiving primary THA with a modified ERAS concept (n?=?12, ERAS-group) and such receiving conventional THA (n?=?12, non-ERAS) at three months and one year postoperatively. For assessment of isokinetic muscular strength, a Biodex-Dynamometer was used (peak-torque, total-work, power). The clinical outcome was evaluated by using clinical scores (Patient-Related-Outcome-Measures (PROMs), WOMAC-index (Western-Ontario-and-McMaster-Universities-Osteoarthritis-Index), HHS (Harris-Hip-Score) and EQ-5D-3L-score. Results Three-months postoperatively, isokinetic strength (peak-torque, total-work, power) and active range of motion was significantly better in the modified ERAS group. One year postoperatively, the total work for flexion was significantly higher than in the Non-ERAS group, whilst peak-torque and power did not show significant differences. Evaluation of clinical scores revealed excellent results at both time points in both groups. However, we could not detect any significant differences between both groups in respect of the clinical outcome. Conclusion With regard to muscular strength, this study supports the implementation of an ERAS concept for primary THA. The combination with a modified ERAS concept lead to faster rehabilitation for up to one-year postoperatively, reflected by significant higher muscular strength (peak-torque, total-work, power). Possibly, because common scores are not sensitive enough, the results are not reflected in the clinical outcome. Further larger randomized controlled trials are necessary for long-term evaluation. KW - Total hip arthroplasty (THA) · Fast track surgery · Early mobilization · Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) · Biodex · Isokinetic strength measurement · Mid-term outcome Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:355-epub-587791 SN - 0936-8051 SN - 1434-3916 VL - 144 SP - 3323 EP - 3336 PB - Springer Nature ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Meyer, Matthias A1 - Parik, Lukas A1 - Leiß, Franziska A1 - Renkawitz, Tobias A1 - Grifka, Joachim A1 - Weber, Markus T1 - Hospital Frailty Risk Score Predicts Adverse Events in Primary Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty JF - The Journal of Arthroplasty N2 - Background: The Hospital Frailty Risk Score (HFRS) is a validated geriatric comorbidity measure derived from routinely collected administrative data. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the utility of the HFRS as a predictor for postoperative adverse events after primary total hip (THA) and knee (TKA) arthroplasty. Methods: In a retrospective analysis of 8250 patients who had undergone THA or TKA between 2011 and 2019, the HFRS was calculated for each patient. Reoperation rates, readmission rates, complication rates, and transfusion rates were compared between patients with low and intermediate or high frailty risk. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to assess the relationship between the HFRS and postoperative adverse events. Results: Patients with intermediate or high frailty risk showed a higher rate of reoperation (10.6% vs 4.1%, P < .001), readmission (9.6% vs 4.3%, P < .001), surgical complications (9.1% vs 1.8%, P < .001), internal complications (7.3% vs 1.1%, P < .001), other complications (24.4% vs 2.0%, P < .001), Clavien-Dindo grade IV complications (4.1% vs 1.5%, P < .001), and transfusion (10.4% vs 1.3%, P < .001). Multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed a high HFRS as independent risk factor for reoperation (odds ratio [OR] = 2.1; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.46-3.09; P < .001), readmission (OR = 1.78; 95% CI, 1.21-2.61; P = .003), internal complications (OR = 3.72; 95% CI, 2.28-6.08; P < .001), surgical complications (OR = 3.74; 95% CI, 2.41-5.82; P < .001), and other complications (OR = 9.00; 95% CI, 6.58-12.32; P < .001). Conclusion: The HFRS predicts adverse events after THA and TKA. As it derives from routinely collected data, the HFRS enables hospitals to identify at-risk patients without extra effort or expense. (C) 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. KW - Adverse events KW - ARTHROPLASTY KW - ASSESSMENT TOOL KW - CARE KW - COMPLICATIONS KW - ECONOMIC-IMPACT KW - Frailty KW - HFRS KW - INDEX KW - MORBIDITY KW - Outcome KW - OUTCOMES KW - PERIPROSTHETIC INFECTIONS KW - SURGERY KW - TOTAL JOINT ARTHROPLASTY Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arth.2020.06.087 SN - 1532-8406 SN - 0883-5403 VL - 35 IS - 12 SP - 3498 EP - 3504.e3 PB - Churchill Livingstone CY - Orlando, Fla. ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schindler, Melanie A1 - Reinhard, Jan A1 - Grifka, Joachim A1 - Leiss, Franziska A1 - Schwarz, Timo T1 - Hallux saltans - seltene Diagnose, oft übersehen JF - Die Orthopädie N2 - Hallux saltans is similar to digitus saltans and produces a spontaneous "snapping" of the big toe. This results in a constriction of the flexor hallucis longus tendon within the osteofibrous retromalleolar canal. The diagnosis was first described in 1940, and only a few case reports exist. We present the diagnosis and the treatment of a patient and give a review of the literature. T2 - Hallux saltans-rare diagnosis, often overlooked KW - ANKLE KW - Big toe KW - Flexor tendon entrapment KW - LONGUS KW - Snapping finger KW - Treatment Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00132-022-04311-z SN - 2731-7145 VL - 51 IS - 11 SP - 939 EP - 942 PB - Springer CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Banke, I. J. A1 - Prodinger, P. M. A1 - Weber, M. A1 - Harrasser, N. A1 - Hauschild, M. A1 - Grifka, Joachim A1 - Burgkart, R. A1 - Gollwitzer, H. A1 - von Eisenhart-Rothe, R. T1 - Gluteale Insuffizienz JF - Der Orthopäde N2 - Gluteal insufficiency or hip abductor mechanism deficiency mainly following (revision) total hip replacement is associated with highly painful complaints and severe suffering of patients. It represents a great diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Differentiated conservative treatment pathways, open surgical and endoscopic anatomic repair techniques with intact gluteal musculature and muscle transfer are available as salvage procedures for chronic not anatomically reconstructable mass ruptures. A stepwise diagnostic and therapeutic approach is required for restoration of the quality of life and painless or almost painless mobility of affected patients in occupation and daily life. T2 - Gluteal insufficiency KW - DIRECT LATERAL APPROACH KW - Gluteal repair KW - GREATER TROCHANTER KW - Hip abductor mechanism KW - Mass rupture KW - MAXIMUS KW - MEDIUS KW - MUSCLE KW - Muscle transfer KW - PAIN KW - REPAIR KW - SURGICAL TECHNIQUE KW - TEARS KW - Total hip replacement KW - TOTAL HIP-REPLACEMENT Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00132-020-03953-1 SN - 1433-0431 SN - 0085-4530 VL - 49 IS - 8 SP - 737 EP - 748 PB - Springer CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Grifka, Joachim T1 - Gelenkerhaltende Hüfteingriffe JF - Der Orthopäde T2 - Joint preservation in hip surgery Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00132-021-04166-w SN - 1433-0431 SN - 0085-4530 VL - 50 IS - 10 SP - 804 EP - 806 PB - Springer CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weber, Markus A1 - Meyer, M. A1 - Grifka, Joachim T1 - Infizierte Endoprothese des Rheumatikers JF - Zeitschrift für Rheumatologie N2 - Infections are a severe complication after an artificial joint replacement. The clinical symptoms are highly variable, particularly in patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases, which often makes the diagnosis difficult. In addition to clinical and laboratory findings, joint puncture is an essential component of the diagnostics and enables the identification of pathogens. Treatment of periprosthetic infections in patients with rheumatism should be an interdisciplinary cooperation between surgeons, rheumatologists and specialists for infectious diseases. The two essential pillars of treatment are surgical intervention and antibiotics. For acute joint infections an attempt at preservation of the artificial joint can be carried out, whereas for chronic infection situations only replacement of the prosthesis is possible as a curative treatment. In order to reduce the probability of occurrence of a joint infection, modifiable risk factors should be preoperatively identified and specifically treated. T2 - Infected endoprosthesis in patients with rheumatism KW - Definition KW - Diagnostics KW - Endoprosthesis KW - Infection KW - Treatment, *0340-1855 Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00393-021-00995-4 SN - 1435-1250 VL - 80 IS - 4 SP - 339 EP - 347 PB - Springer Nature CY - Heidelberg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Grifka, Joachim A1 - Baier, Clemens A1 - Maderbacher, Günther T1 - Improved femoral component rotation in total knee arthroplasty: an anatomical study with optimized gap balancing JF - Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery N2 - Introduction Surgically balanced total knee arthroplasties have shown improved functional and clinical outcomes. Two different alignment methods have been proposed, the measured resection technique which uses femoral landmarks on the one hand and the ligament balanced technique which uses spreaders on the other. As anatomical landmarks also vary widely, with regards to the tibial cut irrespective of the collateral ligaments, we hypothesized that anatomical landmarks are not suitable for ideal femoral component rotational alignment. Materials and methods Ten cadaveric bilateral knees underwent TKA using a navigational device and a double tensiometer. By means of the navigational device, flexion gaps were balanced by femoral component size, rotation and flexion until a symmetric flexion and extension gap was obtained. Acquired femoral component rotation was compared to femoral landmarks (Whiteside Line, posterior condylar line and trans-epicondylar line). Results Using the Whiteside line, the posterior condylar line and the surgical trans-epicondylar line to identify femoral component rotation did not balance the flexion gap as well as navigation. Depending on the parameter, deviations in femoral rotation of up to 6 degrees were observed compared to the gap balancing technique. Furthermore, large deviations between these landmarks were observed. Conclusion Based on this study flexion gap balancing can be better optimized using ligament balancing technique. As this technique is highly dependent on the proximal tibial cut, we do recommend the use of navigational devices, which additionally assure a neutral leg alignment. KW - ALIGNMENT KW - ANTEROPOSTERIOR AXIS KW - Arthroplasty knee KW - Biomechanics KW - COMPUTER-ASSISTED-NAVIGATION KW - Implant fixation KW - Kinematics and kinetics KW - KNEE KW - RELEASE KW - REPLACEMENT Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00402-020-03557-6 SN - 1434-3916 SN - 0936-8051 VL - 141 IS - 10 SP - 1669 EP - 1675 PB - Springer CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Leiss, Franziska A1 - Götz, Julia Sabrina A1 - Maderbacher, Günther A1 - Meyer, Matthias A1 - Reinhard, Jan A1 - Zeman, Florian A1 - Grifka, Joachim A1 - Greimel, Felix T1 - Excellent Functional Outcome and Quality of Life after Primary Cementless Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA) Using an Enhanced Recovery Setup JF - Journal of Clinical Medicine N2 - Background: Total hip arthroplasty combined with the concept of enhanced recovery is of continued worldwide interest, as it is reported to improve early functional outcome and treatment quality without increasing complications. The aim of the study was to investigate functional outcome and quality of life 4 weeks and 12 months after cementless total hip arthroplasty in combination with an enhanced recovery concept. Methods: A total of 109 patients underwent primary cementless Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA) in an enhanced recovery concept and were retrospectively analyzed. After 4 weeks and 12 months, clinical examination was analyzed regarding function, pain and satisfaction; results were evaluated using Harris Hip score, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), EQ-5D-5L, EQ-VAS and subjective patient-related outcome measures (PROMs). Preoperatively, HADS (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) was collected. A correlation analysis of age, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA), HADS and comorbidities (diabetes mellitus, art. hypertension, cardiovascular disease) with WOMAC, Harris Hip score (HHS) and EQ-5D was performed. Results: Patients showed a significant improvement in Harris Hip score 4 weeks and 12 months postoperatively (p < 0.001). WOMAC total score, subscale pain, subscale stiffness and subscale function improved significantly from preoperative to 12 months postoperative (p < 0.001). EQ-5D showed a significant improvement preoperative to postoperative (p < 0.001). The influence of anxiety or depression (HADS-A or HADS-D) on functional outcome could not be determined. There was a high patient satisfaction postoperatively, and almost 100% of patients would choose enhanced recovery surgery again. Conclusion: Cementless THA with the concept of enhanced recovery improves early clinical function and quality of life. PROMs showed a continuous improvement over a follow-up of 12 months after surgery. PROMs can help patients and surgeons to modify expectations and improve patient satisfaction. KW - ENHANCED RECOVERY KW - ERAS KW - Fast track KW - functional outcome KW - QoL KW - THA KW - Total hip arthroplasty Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:355-epub-444306 SN - 2077-0383 VL - 10 IS - 4 SP - 1 EP - 11 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kappenschneider, Tobias A1 - Maderbacher, Günther A1 - Weber, Markus A1 - Greimel, Felix A1 - Holzapfel, Dominik Emanuel A1 - Parik, Lukas A1 - Schwarz, Timo A1 - Leiss, Franziska A1 - Knebl, Michael A1 - Reinhard, Jan A1 - Schraag, Amadeus Dominik A1 - Thieme, Max A1 - Turn, Agathe A1 - Götz, Julia A1 - Zborilova, Magdalena A1 - Pulido, Loreto C. A1 - Azar, Fady A1 - Spörrer, Jan-Frederik A1 - Oblinger, Britta A1 - Pfalzgraf, Frederik A1 - Sundmacher, Leonie A1 - Iashchenko, Iryna A1 - Franke, Sebastian A1 - Trabold, Benedikt A1 - Michalk, Katrin A1 - Grifka, Joachim A1 - Meyer, Matthias T1 - Special orthopaedic geriatrics (SOG) - a new multiprofessional care model for elderly patients in elective orthopaedic surgery BT - a study protocol for a prospective randomized controlled trial of a multimodal intervention in frail patients with hip and knee replacement JF - BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders N2 - Background: Due to demographic change, the number of older people in Germany and worldwide will continue to rise in the coming decades. As a result, the number of elderly and frail patients undergoing total hip and knee arthroplasty is projected to increase significantly in the coming years. In order to reduce risk of complications and improve postoperative outcome, it can be beneficial to optimally prepare geriatric patients before orthopaedic surgery and to provide perioperative care by a multiprofessional orthogeriatric team. The aim of this comprehensive interventional study is to assess wether multimorbid patients can benefit from the new care model of special orthopaedic geriatrics (SOG) in elective total hip and knee arthroplasty. Methods: The SOG study is a registered, monocentric, prospective, randomized controlled trial (RCT) funded by the German Federal Joint Committee (GBA). This parallel group RCT with a total of 310 patients is intended to investigate the specially developed multimodal care model for orthogeriatric patients with total hip and knee arthroplasty (intervention group), which already begins preoperatively, in comparison to the usual orthopaedic care without orthogeriatric co-management (control group). Patients >= 70 years of age with multimorbidity or generally patients >= 80 years of age due to increased vulnerability with indication for elective primary total hip and knee arthroplasty can be included in the study. Exclusion criteria are age < 70 years, previous bony surgery or tumor in the area of the joint to be treated, infection and increased need for care (care level >= 4). The primary outcome is mobility measured by the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB). Secondary outcomes are morbidity, mortality, postoperative complications, delirium, cognition, mood, frailty, (instrumental) activities of daily living, malnutrition, pain, polypharmacy, and patient reported outcome measures. Tertiary outcomes are length of hospital stay, readmission rate, reoperation rate, transfusion rate, and time to rehabilitation. The study data will be collected preoperative, postoperative day 1 to 7, 4 to 6 weeks and 3 months after surgery. Discussion: Studies have shown that orthogeriatric co-management models in the treatment of hip fractures lead to significantly reduced morbidity and mortality rates. However, there are hardly any data available on the elective orthopaedic care of geriatric patients, especially in total hip and knee arthroplasty. In contrast to the care of trauma patients, optimal preoperative intervention is usually possible. KW - Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) KW - elderly patients KW - FRACTURE KW - Frailty KW - Geriatric KW - MORTALITY KW - Multiprofessional care KW - older patients KW - Orthogeriatric KW - ORTHOGERIATRIC COMANAGEMENT KW - Orthogeriatric co-management (OGC) KW - OUTCOMES KW - PEOPLE KW - Perioperative Care of Older Persons (POPS) KW - RISK KW - SURGICAL COMPLICATIONS KW - Total hip arthroplasty (THA) KW - Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) KW - VALIDATION KW - WESTERN ONTARIO Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:355-epub-534417 SN - 1471-2474 VL - 23 IS - 1 PB - Springer Nature CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Götz, Julia Sabrina A1 - Leiss, Franziska A1 - Maderbacher, Günther A1 - Meyer, Matthias A1 - Reinhard, Jan A1 - Zeman, Florian A1 - Grifka, Joachim A1 - Greimel, Felix T1 - Implementing fast-track in total hip arthroplasty: rapid mobilization with low need for pain medication and low pain values JF - Zeitschrift für Rheumatologie N2 - Introduction Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is reported to be one of the most painful surgical procedures. Perioperative management and rehabilitation patterns are of great importance for the success of the procedure. The aim of this cohort study was the evaluation of function, mobilization and pain scores during the inpatient stay (6 days postoperatively) and 4 weeks after fast-track THA. Materials and methods A total of 102 consecutive patients were included in this retrospective cohort trial after minimally invasive cementless total hip arthroplasty under spinal anesthesia in a fast-track setup. The extent of mobilization under full-weight-bearing with crutches (walking distance in meters and necessity of nurse aid) and pain values using a numerical rating scale (NRS) were measured. Function was evaluated measuring the range of motion (ROM) and the ability of sitting on a chair, walking and personal hygiene. Furthermore, circumferences of thighs were measured to evaluate the extent of postoperative swelling. The widespread Harris Hip Score (HHS) was used to compare results pre- and 4 weeks postoperatively. Results Evaluation of pain scores in the postoperative course showed a constant decrease in the first postoperative week (days 1-6 postoperatively). The pain scores before surgery were significantly higher than surgery (day 6), during mobilization (p < 0.001), at rest (p < 0.001) and at night (p < 0.001). All patients were able to mobilize on the day of surgery. In addition, there was a significant improvement in independent activities within the first 6 days postoperatively: sitting on a chair (p < 0.001), walking (p < 0.001) and personal hygiene (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference between the measured preoperative and postoperative (day 6 after surgery) thigh circumferences above the knee joint. Compared to preoperatively, there was a significant (p < 0.001) improvement of the HHS 4 weeks after surgery. In 100% of the cases, the operation was reported to be successful and all of the treated patients would choose a fast-track setup again. Conclusion Application of a fast-track scheme is effective regarding function and mobilization of patients. Low pain values and rapid improvement of walking distance confirms the success of the fast-track concept in the immediate postoperative course. Future prospective studies have to confirm the results comparing a conventional and a fast-track pathway. T2 - Einführung von Fast-Track in der Hüftgelenkendoprothetik: frühpostoperative Mobilisation mit geringem Analgetikabedarf und niedrigen Schmerzwerten KW - ANESTHESIA KW - ENHANCED RECOVERY KW - Fast-frack KW - GENDER-DIFFERENCES KW - Knee arthroplasty KW - MUSCLE KW - Pain management KW - QUALITY-OF-LIFE KW - Range of motion KW - REPLACEMENT KW - REPORTED OUTCOMES KW - RISK KW - SURGERY KW - Total hip arthroplasty Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:355-epub-527330 SN - 1435-1250 SN - 0340-1855 VL - 81 IS - 3 SP - 253 EP - 262 PB - Springer Nature CY - Heidelberg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zborilova, M. A1 - Grifka, Joachim A1 - Parik, L. T1 - Nervenkompressionssyndrome der oberen Extremität JF - Der Orthopäde N2 - Nerve compression syndromes of the upper extremities are relatively frequent diseases, the timely detection and treatment of which can prevent irreversible damage in the sense of muscle atrophy and subsequent paresis. The medical history and clinical examination play an important role in determining the suspected diagnosis. The subsequent neurological examination then serves to confirm the suspected diagnosis. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the etiology, pathogenesis, symptoms and treatment of the disease. T2 - Nerve compression syndromes of the upper extremities KW - Nerve compression syndromes KW - Neurophysiology KW - Paresthesia KW - Splint therapy KW - Surgical decompression Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00132-020-04021-4 SN - 1433-0431 SN - 0085-4530 VL - 49 IS - 12 SP - 1103 EP - 1112 PB - Springer CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Machado, Renato Perotto A1 - Norbisrath, Ulrich A1 - Jubeh, Ruben T1 - IoT Educational Framework Case Study: Devices as Things for Hands-on Collaboration JF - Journal of Engineering Education Transformations N2 - As IoT continues to reshape industries and daily life, our research revolves around cultivating a generation of IoTliterate individuals capable of addressing today’s challenges. In the Internet of Things (IoT) education, it is crucial to provide students with the ability to work with the technology and apply it to real-world problems. This creates a demand for teaching methodologies compatible with newly explored networked learning activities, for example, Challenge-Based Education (CBE). This study explores the IoTempower Framework, a versatile pedagogical tool dedicated to enhancing IoT CBE education. Its open-source nature and teaching support make it accessible and adaptable for IoT courses that support hands-on learning and teaching practices. This paper investigates IoTempower Framework's educational applications by analyzing three higher-education study cases where it was deployed. It explores the framework with its associated devices as tools for experiential collective and critical learning. Through a survey of students and participatory observations, the paper evaluates the framework's impact on fostering collaborative engagement in project-driven courses. It introduces the concept of devices as social-material entities or design things and how this approach to device development can aid collaborative teaching and learning experiences. The paper underscores IoTempower Framework as a social-material tool that is significant in shaping effective IoT education by highlighting the interplay between technical and social aspects of its devices as pedagogical tools. KW - Collaboration. KW - Design Things KW - Devices KW - Education KW - Internet of Things KW - IoT Framework Y1 - 2025 UR - https://journaleet.in/index.php/jeet/article/view/2392 SN - 2394-170 VL - 37 SP - 385 EP - 392 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Götz, Juergen A1 - Schenkel, Angelika A1 - Grifka, Joachim A1 - Baier, Clemens A1 - Völlner, Florian A1 - Springorum, Hans-Robert T1 - Postural Stability and Pedobarography After Reconstruction of Peroneus Brevis Tendon Split Lesion JF - International Orthopaedics N2 - Purpose Lesions of the peroneal tendons are frequently overseen after ankle sprain. The symptoms consist of stress-dependent pain that extends from the inframalleolar to the proximal part along the course of the peroneal tendons as well as ankle instability and soft-tissue swelling. In case of unsuccessful conservative treatment, surgical therapy is recommended. The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical and functional outcome after open reconstruction of the peroneus brevis tendon. Methods 13 patients were included in this retrospective study. All of them received a single reconstruction of the peroneus brevis tendon in open technique. Postoperative results were evaluated with the AOFAS score, a functional and perdobargraphic analysis as well as measuring postural stability with the Biodex balance system. The participants were matched with a healthy control group according to age, sex and BMI. Results The results of the AOFAS score showed significantly convincing results in all subscores postoperatively. A bilateral comparison of the postural stability showed that the affected side had become functionally similar to the healthy side. No statistical significant difference was detected concerning both one-legged and two-legged standing with the control group. Pedobarographic results revealed no difference between the affected and contralateral side, as well as between the patients and the healthy control group. Conclusion Open reconstruction of the peroneus brevis tendon leads to significant better postoperative results and can be recommended after unsuccessful conservative treatment as promising option. KW - Ankle KW - Peroneus brevis KW - tendon reconstruction KW - Split lesion KW - Postural stability Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00264-024-06239-9 SN - 0341-2695 SN - 1432-5195 VL - 48 IS - 9 SP - 2311 EP - 2318 PB - Springer ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zborilova, Magdalena A1 - Grifka, Joachim A1 - Parik, Lukas T1 - Schulterendoprothetik? Wann welches Modell? JF - Zeitschrift für Rheumatologie N2 - Advanced omarthritis or an irreparable lesion of the rotator cuff are indications for the implantation of a shoulder prosthesis. Several models are available and the choice of model depends on the specific pathology of the patient. Preoperative medication management must be taken into account in rheumatism patients. The correct aftercare is essential for the proper functioning of the prosthesis. KW - Aftercare KW - Joint destruction KW - Omarthritis KW - Shoulder joint KW - Shoulder prosthesis Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00393-023-01419-1 SN - 1435-1250 SN - 0340-1855 VL - 82 IS - 10 SP - 834 EP - 838 PB - Springer Nature CY - Heidelberg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Aßländer, Michael S. A1 - Curbach, Janina A1 - Ureta Vaquero, Ivan T1 - Wirtschafts- und Unternehmensethik in der Hochschullehre in der DACH-Region: Ergebnisse der empirischen Untersuchung im Rahmen des GSBE BT - Ergebnisse der empirischen Untersuchung im Rahmen des GSBE JF - Zeitschrift für Wirtschafts- und Unternehmensethik : zfwu N2 - Als Teil des jüngsten› Global Survey of Business Ethics‹ liefert dieser Artikel wichtige Einblicke in die wirtschaftsethische Lehre an den Hochschulen in Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz. Für die Studie wurden Archivdaten, Interviewdaten sowie die Ergebnisse einer standardisierten Befragung unter im Bereich der Wirtschaftsethik engagierten Lehrenden verwendet. Die Studie stellt die wichtigsten Forschungsergebnisse in Bezug auf das Lehrangebot an Hochschulen zur Wirtschafts-und Unternehmensethik, den Ausbildungshintergrund der Lehrenden, die in den Kursen verwendete Terminologie und die vermittelten Lehrinhalte, die von den Lehrenden angestrebte Kompetenzvermittlung sowie zu den nach Meinung der Befragten wichtigsten Zukunftsthemen vor. T2 - Business and Corporate Ethics in University Teaching in the DACH Region: Results of an Empirical Study within the Framework of the Global Survey of Business Ethics (GSBE) Y1 - 2025 UR - https://www.inlibra.com/de/document/view/detail/uuid/1ee2b165-874d-32a0-bec6-a31b944f5135 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5771/1439-880X-2025-1-59 VL - 26 IS - 1 SP - 59 EP - 91 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Holzapfel, Dominik Emanuel A1 - Thieme, Max A1 - Kappenschneider, Tobias A1 - Holzapfel, Sabrina A1 - Maderbacher, Günther A1 - Weber, Markus A1 - Grifka, Joachim A1 - Meyer, Matthias T1 - Outcome nach Gelenkersatz bei Patienten mit rheumatoider Grunderkrankung JF - Zeitschrift für Rheumatologie N2 - Background: Artificial joint replacement is a meaningful treatment option for patients with advanced rheumatic degenerative joint diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of the underlying rheumatic diseases on postoperative complications and patient-reported outcome (PRO) after elective total joint replacement (TJR).Material and methods: In a retrospective analysis of 9149 patients with elective total knee or total hip arthroplasty (TKR and THR), complication rates and PRO of patients with and without rheumatic diseases (RD) were compared. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to determine whether the underlying rheumatic disease was an independent risk factor for various complications.Results: In the univariate analyses the RD patients had an increased risk of medical complications (7.1% vs. 5.2%; p = 0.028) and Clavien-Dindo grade IV complications (2.8% vs. 1.8%; p = 0.048) after TJR. This was confirmed in multivariate statistical analyses (p < 0.034). The rates for operative revisions and surgical complications were comparable (2.5% vs. 2.4%; p = 0.485). Analysis of the PRO showed a higher responder rate in patients with RD after TKR (91.9% vs. 84.5%, p = 0.039). In contrast, the responder rate in patients with RD after THR was comparable (93.4% vs. 93.2%, p = 0.584).Conclusion: Despite increased postoperative complication rates, patients with underlying rheumatic diseases showed a comparable outcome 1 year after TJR. After TKR the RD patients showed even higher responder rates. Although RD patients are a vulnerable patient group, they can still benefit from joint replacement. T2 - Outcome of joint replacement in patients with underlying rheumatoid disease KW - ARTHRITIS KW - COHORT KW - HIP KW - KNEE KW - Patient-reported outcome KW - Postoperative complications KW - RESPONDER CRITERIA KW - RISK KW - SET KW - SURGERY KW - Total hip arthroplasty KW - Total joint replacement KW - Total knee arthroplasty Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:355-epub-547937 SN - 1435-1250 SN - 0340-1855 VL - 82 IS - 10 SP - 825 EP - 833 PB - Springer Nature CY - Heidelberg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Völlner, Florian A1 - Dingeldey, Esther A1 - Schmitz, Stephanie A1 - Grifka, Joachim A1 - Matussek, Jan T1 - Konservative und operative Therapie der idiopathischen Skoliose JF - Der Orthopäde N2 - Idiopathic scoliosis is the largest group of all forms of scoliosis in the growth phase accounting for 80-90%. A distinction is made between idiopathic infantile (0-3 years), juvenile (4-10 years) and adolescent scoliosis (>10 years), depending on the age when scoliosis appears. The treatment depends on the skeletal age, the Cobb angle and the progression behavior of scoliosis. Mild cases are treated conservatively using physiotherapy, exercises and bracing but in advanced stages scoliosis should be surgically treated. With existing growth potential various techniques, such as traditional growing rods, magnetically controlled growth rods and vertebral body tethering are available. After the end of the growth phase a fusion should be recommended for scoliosis >50 degrees. KW - Adolescent scoliosis KW - Braces KW - CURVE PROGRESSION KW - deformity KW - Infantile scoliosis KW - Juvenile scoliosis Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00132-020-03928-2 VL - 49 IS - 7 SP - 635 EP - 646 PB - Springer CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kappenschneider, Tobias A1 - Maderbacher, Günther A1 - Meyer, Matthias A1 - Pagano, Stefano A1 - Reinhard, Jan A1 - Michalk, Katrin A1 - Grifka, Joachim A1 - Holzapfel, Dominik Emanuel T1 - Risiko- und Komplikationsprofil orthogeriatrischer Patienten bei elektivem Hüft- und Kniegelenkersatz JF - Zeitschrift für Gerontologie und Geriatrie N2 - Hintergrund Die Versorgung geriatrischer Patienten bei elektiven orthopädischen Eingriffen gewinnt aufgrund der demografischen Entwicklung zunehmend an Bedeutung. Im Vergleich zur Alterstraumatologie existieren hierbei in Deutschland jedoch noch keine etablierten orthogeriatrischen Versorgungsmodelle und daher kaum wissenschaftliche Daten. Ziel dieser Studie war die Darstellung des Risiko- und Komplikationsprofils bei älteren Patienten mit elektivem Hüft- und Kniegelenkersatz. Methodik Im Rahmen einer prospektiven Studie wurden Daten orthogeriatrischer Patienten mit Indikation zur elektiven Hüft- und Knietotalendoprothese nach Erfüllung definierter Ein- und Ausschlusskriterien im Zeitraum zwischen Januar 2021 und August 2023 in der Orthopädie eines deutschen Universitätsklinikums zur deskriptiven Analyse eines Risiko- und Komplikationsprofils erhoben. Neben einer prä- und perioperativen Datenanalyse erfolgten Nachbeobachtungen 4 bis 6 Wochen und 3 Monate postoperativ. Ergebnisse Das operative Risikoprofil des untersuchten Patientenguts zeichnete sich durch hohes Alter (78,4?±?4,8 Jahre), Prä?/Adipositas (76?%), Multimorbidität (7,4?±?3,1 Komorbiditäten), Polypharmazie (7,5?±?3,8 Präparate), Immobilität (Short Physical Performance Battery 7,1?±?2,6), Pre?/Frailty (87?%), häufige Antikoagulation (22?%) und hohe Anzahl an potenziell inadäquater Medikation (64?%) aus. Komplikationsereignisse traten v.?a. innerhalb der ersten 7 Tage postoperativ auf. Etwa 90?% der Ereignisse innerhalb dieses Erfassungszeitraumes beliefen sich auf ?Minor?-Komplikationen. Im weiteren Verlauf sank die Gesamtkomplikationsrate deutlich. Schlussfolgerung Aufgrund des hohen Risiko- und Komplikationsprofils sollte zukünftig der routinemäßige Einsatz orthogeriatrischer Co-Management-Modelle bei elektiven orthopädischen Eingriffen geprüft werden. T2 - Risk and complication profiles of orthogeriatric patients in elective hip and knee joint replacement KW - Postoperative complications KW - Orthogeriatrics KW - Risk factors KW - THA KW - TKA Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:355-epub-582988 SN - 0948-6704 SN - 1435-1269 VL - 58 IS - 2 PB - Springer Nature ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Greimel, Felix A1 - Weber, Markus A1 - Renkawitz, Tobias A1 - Voellner, Florian A1 - Freude, Thomas A1 - Grifka, Joachim A1 - Craiovan, Benjamin T1 - Minimally invasive treatment of tibial plateau depression fractures using balloon tibioplasty: Clinical outcome and absorption of bioabsorbable calcium phosphate cement JF - Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery N2 - The exact reconstruction of the tibial plateau and articular surface is the main operative aim in the treatment of tibial plateau depression fractures. For selected cases, a novel technique with the use of balloon tibioplasty in combination of bioabsorbable calcium phosphate cement is available. In this study, the first objective was to answer the question whether the clinical outcome parameters after balloon tibioplasty are comparable to open reduction procedures described in the literature. Secondly, we asked whether the cement absorption is safe in relation to adverse effects like osteolysis and measured the absorption ability during the bone conversion process in the proximal tibia bone. Eight patients (mean age 54 years; 4 males and 4 females) received the abovementioned surgical procedure. Mean follow-up period was 27 months. This study evaluated clinical outcome and radiological measured cement absorption within the postoperative course. Cement absorption was measured on X-rays and calculated based on the greatest extend on anterior-posterior and lateral view radiographs just after the operation on the latest available follow-up. WOMAC score showed a mean of 93. Radiologic absorption was 1/5 at a mean of 18 months. No osteolysis reaction was seen surrounding the cement. This far, promising clinical and radiological results have been shown with WOMAC scores comparable to the results of noninjured knees. The indication for this relatively new technique is restricted to isolated depression fractures. It is a useful tool to facilitate the reduction of select depressed tibial fractures. The radiologic absorption effect seems to be quite fast in bone remodeling and safe without any osteolysis or osseous reaction. KW - balloon tibioplasty KW - calcium phosphate cement KW - cement augmentation KW - fracture reduction KW - MANAGEMENT KW - OSTEOPLASTY KW - POLYMETHYLMETHACRYLATE KW - reduction KW - SPORTS ACTIVITY KW - tibial plateau depression fracture Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/2309499020908721 SN - 2309-4990 SN - 1022-5536 VL - 28 IS - 1 PB - Sage CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Möller, Burkhard A1 - Grifka, Joachim T1 - Rückenschmerzen aus hausärztlicher, rheumatologischer und orthopädisch-chirurgischer Perspektive JF - Zeitschrift für Rheumatologie T2 - Back pain from the perspectives of general practitioners, rheumatology and orthopedic surgery Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00393-022-01309-y SN - 0340-1855 SN - 1435-1250 VL - 82 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 2 PB - Springer Nature CY - Heidelberg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Scharf, Markus A1 - Holzapfel, Dominik Emanuel A1 - Ehrnsperger, Marianne A1 - Grifka, Joachim T1 - Preoperative Decolonization Appears to Reduce the Risk of Infection in High-Risk Groups Undergoing Total Hip Arthroplasty JF - Antibiotics N2 - Background: Periprosthetic infections represent a major challenge for doctors and patients. The aim of this study was therefore to determine whether the risk of infection can be positively influenced by preoperative decolonization of the skin and mucous membranes. Methods: In a retrospective analysis of 3082 patients who had undergone THA between 2014 and 2020, preoperative decolonization with octenidine dihydrochlorid was performed in the intervention group. In an interval of 30 days, soft tissue and prosthesis infections were detected, and an evaluation between the study groups was made by using a bilateral t-test regarding the presence of an early infection. The study groups were identical with regard to the ASA score, comorbidities, and risk factors. Results: Patients treated preoperatively with the octenidine dihydrochloride protocol showed lower early infection rates. In the group of intermediate- and high-risk patients (ASA 3 and higher), there was generally a significantly increased risk. The risk of wound or joint infection within 30 days was 1.99% higher for patients with ASA 3 or higher than for patients with standard care (4.11% [13/316] vs. 2.02% [10/494]; p = 0.08, relative risk 2.03). Preoperative decolonization shows no effect on the risk of infection that increases with age, and a gender-specific effect could not be detected. Looking at the body mass index, it could be shown that sacropenia or obesity leads to increased infection rates. Preoperative decolonization led to lower infection rates in percentage terms, which, however, did not prove to be significant (BMI < 20 1.98% [5/252] vs. 1.31% [5/382], relative risk 1.43, BMI > 30 2.58% [5/194] vs. 1.20% [4/334], relative risk 2.15). In the spectrum of patients with diabetes, it could be shown that preoperative decolonization leads to a significantly lower risk of infection (infections without protocol 18.3% (15/82), infections with protocol 8.50% (13/153), relative risk 2.15, p = 0.04. Conclusion: Preoperative decolonization appears to show a benefit, especially for the high-risk groups, despite the fact that in this patient group there is a high potential for resulting complications. KW - CHLORHEXIDINE KW - DIAGNOSIS KW - MANAGEMENT KW - OCTENIDINE DIHYDROCHLORIDE KW - PERIPROSTHETIC INFECTION KW - periprosthetic joint infection KW - preoperative decolonization KW - PROPHYLAXIS KW - Total hip arthroplasty Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12050877 SN - 2079-6382 VL - 12 IS - 5 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Meyer, Matthias A1 - Götz, Julia Sabrina A1 - Parik, Lukas A1 - Renkawitz, Tobias A1 - Grifka, Joachim A1 - Maderbacher, Günther A1 - Kappenschneider, Tobias A1 - Weber, Markus T1 - Postoperative delirium is a risk factor for complications and poor outcome after total hip and knee arthroplasty JF - Acta Orthopaedica N2 - Background and purpose - Improving health care and demographic change have resulted in a steady increase in geriatric patients undergoing total hip (THA) and knee (TKA) arthroplasty. Postoperative delirium (POD) is a frequent and severe complication after major surgery. Therefore, we analyzed the impact of POD on outcome after THA and TKA. Patients and methods - In a consecutive series of 10,140 patients who had undergone elective THA or TKA between 2011 and 2020, rates of reoperation within 90 days, readmission within 90 days, complications, and responder rate as defined by the OMERACT-OARSI criteria were compared between patients with and without POD. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess the relationship between POD and other postoperative complications. Results - Patients with POD showed higher rates of reoperation (12% vs. 5%), readmission (15% vs. 5%), surgical complications (7% vs. 2%), non-surgical complications (8% vs. 4%), Clavien-Dindo IV degrees complications (10% vs. 2%) and transfusion (14% vs. 2%). POD led to lower responder rate (76% vs. 87%) 1 year after total joint replacement. All previous comparisons statistically significant. Multivariable logistic regression analyses revealed POD as an independent risk factor for reoperation (OR = 2; CI 1-3), readmission (OR = 2; CI 2-4) and Clavien-Dindo IV degrees complications (OR = 3; CI 2-5). Interpretation - POD is a serious problem in elective joint replacement. Affected patients suffer more complications and show poor patient-reported outcome 1 year postoperatively. Systematic prevention strategies and standardized therapy protocols are mandatory to avoid burden to patients and healthcare providers. KW - COHORT KW - SOCIETY KW - TOTAL JOINT ARTHROPLASTY Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:355-epub-492928 SN - 1745-3674 SN - 1745-3682 VL - 92 IS - 6 SP - 695 EP - 700 PB - Taylor & Francis CY - Abingdon ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Worlicek, Michael A1 - Messmer, Benedikt A1 - Grifka, Joachim A1 - Renkawitz, Tobias A1 - Weber, Markus T1 - Restoration of leg length and offset correlates with trochanteric pain syndrome in total hip arthroplasty JF - Scientific Reports N2 - Persistent pain around the greater trochanter is a common complication after total hip arthroplasty. Restoration of biomechanics such as leg length, femoral und acetabular offset is crucial in THA. The purpose of this study was to evaluate postoperative differences of these parameters after THA and to analyze their association to greater trochanteric pain syndrome. Furthermore, we aimed to evaluate the clinical relevance of trochanteric pain syndrome compared to patient reported outcome measures. 3D-CT scans of 90 patients were analyzed after minimalinvasive total hip arthroplasty and leg length, femoral and acetabular offset differences were measured. Clinical evaluation was performed three years after THA regarding the presence of trochanteric pain syndrome and using outcome measures. Furthermore, the patients' expectation were evaluated. Patients with trochanteric pain syndrome showed a higher absolute discrepancy of combined leg length, femoral and acetabular offset restoration compared to the non-operated contralateral side with 11.8 +/- 6.0mm than patients without symptoms in the trochanteric region with 7.8 +/- 5.3mm (p=0.01). Patients with an absolute deviation of the combined parameters of more than 5mm complained more frequently about trochanteric symptoms (29.2%, 19/65) than patients with a biomechanical restoration within 5mm compared to the non-affected contralateral side (8.0%, 2/25, p=0.03). Clinical outcome measured three years after THA was significantly lower in patients with trochanteric symptoms than without trochanteric pain (p<0.03). Similarly, fulfillment of patient expectations as measured by THR-Survey was lower in the patients with trochanteric pain (p<0.005). An exact combined restoration of leg length, acetabular and femoral offset reduces significantly postoperative trochanteric pain syndrome and improves the clinical outcome of the patients. KW - ABDUCTOR MUSCLE STRENGTH KW - ARTHRITIS KW - EUROQOL KW - FEMORAL OFFSET KW - GREATER TROCHANTER KW - OUTCOMES KW - QUALITY-OF-LIFE Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-62531-9 SN - 0085-4530 SN - 2045-2322 VL - 10 PB - Nature CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Meyer, Matthias A1 - Renkawitz, Tobias A1 - Völlner, Florian A1 - Benditz, Achim A1 - Grifka, Joachim A1 - Weber, Markus T1 - Pros and cons of navigated versus conventional total knee arthroplasty - a retrospective analysis of over 2400 patients JF - Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery N2 - Introduction Because of the ongoing discussion of imageless navigation in total knee arthroplasty (TKA), its advantages and disadvantages were evaluated in a large patient cohort. Methods This retrospective analysis included 2464 patients who had undergone TKA at a high-volume university arthroplasty center between 2012 and 2017. Navigated and conventional TKA were compared regarding postoperative mechanical axis, surgery duration, complication rates, one-year postoperative patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) (WOMAC and EQ-5D indices), and responder rates as defined by the criteria of the Outcome Measures in Rheumatology and Osteoarthritis Research Society International consensus (OMERACT-OARSI). Results Both navigated (1.8 +/- 1.6 degrees) and conventional TKA (2.1 +/- 1.6 degrees, p = 0.002) enabled the exact reconstruction of mechanical axis. Surgery duration was six minutes longer for navigated TKA than for conventional TKA (p < 0.001). Complication rates were low in both groups with comparable frequencies: neurological deficits (p = 0.39), joint infection (p = 0.42 and thromboembolic events (p = 0.03). Periprosthetic fractures occurred more frequently during conventional TKA (p = 0.001). One-year PROMs showed excellent improvement in both groups. The WOMAC index was statistically higher for navigated TKA than for conventional TKA (74.7 +/- 19.0 vs. 71.7 +/- 20.7, p = 0.014), but the increase was not clinically relevant. Both groups had a similarly high EQ-5D index (0.23 +/- 0.24 vs. 0.26 +/- 0.25, p = 0.11) and responder rate (86.5% [256/296] vs. 85.9% [981/1142], p = 0.92). Conclusion Both methods enable accurate postoperative leg alignment with low complication rates and equally successful PROMs and responder rates one year postoperatively. KW - ALIGNMENT KW - COMPLICATIONS KW - NAVIGATION KW - Outcome KW - Responder KW - Total knee arthroplasty Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:355-epub-527458 SN - 1434-3916 SN - 0936-8051 VL - 141 IS - 11 SP - 1983 EP - 1991 PB - Springer ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schindler, Melanie A1 - Schmitz, Stephanie A1 - Reinhard, Jan A1 - Jansen, Petra A1 - Grifka, Joachim A1 - Benditz, Achim T1 - Pain Course after Total Knee Arthroplasty within a Standardized Pain Management Concept: A Prospective Observational Study JF - Journal of Clinical Medicine N2 - Background: Joint replacement surgeries have been known to be some of the most painful surgical procedures. Therefore, the options for postoperative pain management are of great importance for patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Despite successful surgery, up to 30% of the patients are not satisfied after the operation. The aim of this study is to assess pain development within the first 4 weeks after TKA in order to gain a better understanding and detect possible influencing factors. Methods: A total of 103 patients were included in this prospective cohort study. Postoperative pain was indicated using a numeric rating scale (NRS). Furthermore, demographic data and perioperative parameters were correlated with the reported postoperative pain. Results: The evaluation of postoperative pain scores showed a constant decrease in the first postoperative week (mean NRS score of 5.8 on day 1 to a mean NRS score of 4.6 on day 8). On day 9, the pain increased again. Thereafter, a continuous decrease in pain intensity from day 10 on was noted (continuous to a mean NRS score of 3.0 on day 29). A significant association was found between postoperative pain intensity and gender, body mass index (BMI), and preoperative leg axis. Conclusions: The increasing pain score after the first postoperative week is most likely due to more intensive mobilization and physiotherapy in the rehabilitation department. Patients that were female, had a low BMI, and a preoperative valgus leg axis showed a significantly higher postoperative pain scores. Pain management should consider these results in the future to improve patient satisfaction in the postoperative course after TKA. KW - HIP KW - influencing factors KW - numeric rating scale KW - Postoperative pain KW - RISK KW - Total knee arthroplasty KW - TRAJECTORIES Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:355-epub-537859 SN - 2077-0383 VL - 11 IS - 23 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Meyer, Matthias A1 - Grifka, Joachim A1 - Kappenschneider, Tobias T1 - Präoperatives Screening für Risikofaktoren JF - Die Orthopädie N2 - The demographic change and continuously improving healthcare lead to increasing numbers of older, comorbid patients in elective orthopedic surgery. Perioperative risk assessment is crucial for patient counseling and preoperative planning. Risk factors, such as heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, peripheral arterial occlusive disease, anemia, malnutrition, obesity, smoking and insufficiently controlled diabetes mellitus are common in patients undergoing elective orthopedic surgery. A thorough and early screening not only enables the individual assessment of the risk profile but in an elective setting also enables the chance for modification of certain risk factors in order to reduce the individual perioperative risk. Meanwhile, recommendations regarding risk stratification and adjustment of modifiable risk factors are included in national guidelines on the indications for elective total hip arthroplasty. T2 - Preoperative screening for risk factors KW - blood KW - COMPLICATIONS KW - Elective orthopedic surgery KW - Frailty KW - HEMOGLOBIN A1C KW - IMPACT KW - Modifiable risk factors KW - OUTCOMES KW - Perioperative risk KW - SMOKING KW - TOTAL HIP KW - TOTAL JOINT ARTHROPLASTY Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00132-022-04258-1 SN - 2731-7145 SN - 2731-7153 VL - 51 IS - 8 SP - 684 EP - 692 PB - Springer ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Leiss, Franziska A1 - Götz, Julia Sabrina A1 - Maderbacher, Günther A1 - Zeman, Florian A1 - Meissner, Winfried A1 - Grifka, Joachim A1 - Benditz, Achim A1 - Greimel, Felix T1 - Pain management of unicompartmental (UKA) vs. total knee arthroplasty (TKA) based on a matched pair analysis of 4144 cases JF - Scientific Reports N2 - Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty and total knee arthroplasty are well established treatment options for end-stage osteoarthritis, UKA still remains infrequently used if you take all knee arthroplasties into account. An important factor following knee arthroplasty is pain control in the perioperative experience, as high postoperative pain level is associated with persistent postsurgical pain. There is little literature which describes pain values and the need for pain medication following UKA and/or TKA. So far, no significant difference in pain has been found between UKA and TKA. The aim of the study was to evaluate differences in the postoperative course in unicompartmental knee arthroplasty vs. total knee arthroplasty regarding the need for pain medication and patient-reported outcomes including pain scores and side effects. We hypothesized that unicompartmental knee arthroplasty is superior to total knee arthroplasty in terms of postoperative pain values and the need of pain medication. In this project, we evaluated 2117 patients who had unicompartmental knee arthroplasty and 3798 who had total knee arthroplasty performed, from 2015 to 2018. A total of 4144 patients could be compared after performing the matched pair analysis. A professional team was used for data collection and short patient interviews to achieve high data quality on the first postoperative day. Parameters were compared after performing a 1:1 matched pair analysis, multicenter-wide in 14 orthopedic departments. Pain scores were significantly lower for the UKA group than those of the TKA group (p<0.001 respectively for activity pain, minimum and maximum pain). In the recovery unit, there was less need for pain medication in patients with UKA (p=0.004 for non-opioids). The opiate consumption was similarly lower for the UKA group, but not statistically significant (p=0.15). In the ward, the UKA group needed less opioids (p<0.001). Patient subjective parameters were significantly better for UKA. After implantation of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty, patients showed lower pain scores, a reduced need for pain medication and better patient subjective parameters in the early postoperative course in this study. KW - PATELLA KW - Postoperative pain KW - QUALITY KW - REPLACEMENT Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:355-epub-450523 SN - 2045-2322 VL - 10 PB - Nature CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Reinhard, Jan A1 - Pulido, Loreto C. A1 - Schindler, Melanie A1 - Schraag, Amadeus Dominik A1 - Greimel, Felix A1 - Grifka, Joachim A1 - Benditz, Achim T1 - No Success without Effort: Follow-Up at Six Years after Implementing a Benchmarking and Feedback Concept for Postoperative Pain after Total Hip Arthroplasty JF - Journal of Clinical Medicine N2 - Background: Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is still ranked among the operations with the highest postoperative pain scores. Uncontrolled postsurgical pain leads to prolongated hospital stays, causes more frequent adverse reactions and can induce chronical pain syndromes. In 2014, we implemented a standardized, multidisciplinary pain management concept with continuous benchmarking at our tertiary referral center by using the "Quality Improvement in Postoperative Pain Management" (QUIPS) program with excellent results over a period of two years. The initial study ended in 2016 and we aimed to evaluate if it was possible to obtain the excellent short-term results over a period of six years without any extra effort within the daily clinical routine. Materials and Methods: In a retrospective study design, we compared postoperative pain, side effects and functional outcome after primary THA for 2015 and 2021, using validated questionnaires from the QUIPS project. In contrast to the implementation of the pain management concept in 2014, the weekly meetings of the multidisciplinary health care team and special education for nurses were stopped in 2021. Data assessment was performed by an independent pain nurse who was not involved in pain management. Results: Altogether, 491 patients received primary THA in 2015 and 2021 at our tertiary referral center. Collected data revealed significantly worse maximum and activity-related pain (both p < 0.001) in combination with significantly higher opioid consumption in comparison to implementation in 2015. Though the patients reported to be less involved in pain management (p < 0.001), the worse pain scores were not reflected by patient satisfaction which remained high. While the participation rate in this benchmarking program dropped, we still fell behind in terms of maximum and activity-related pain in comparison to 24 clinics. Conclusion: Significantly worse pain scores in combination with higher opioid usage and a lower hospital participation rate resemble a reduced awareness in postoperative pain management. The significantly lower patient participation in pain management is in line with the worse pain scores and indirectly highlights the need for special education in pain management. The fact patient satisfaction appeared to remain high and did not differ significantly from 2015, as well as the fact we still achieved an acceptable ranking in comparison to other clinics, highlight the value of the implemented multidisciplinary pain management concept. KW - ANESTHESIA KW - benchmarking KW - COHORT KW - Knee arthroplasty KW - MANAGEMENT KW - multidisciplinary KW - OUTCOMES KW - pain management concept KW - PERIPHERAL-NERVE BLOCK KW - postoperative pain management KW - POSTSURGICAL PAIN KW - QUALITY-IMPROVEMENT KW - QUIPS KW - REBOUND PAIN KW - SURGERY KW - Total hip arthroplasty (THA) Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12144577 SN - 2077-0383 VL - 12 IS - 14 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Maderbacher, Günther A1 - Baier, Clemens A1 - Meyer, Matthias A1 - Holzapfel, Dominik E. A1 - Pagano, Stefano A1 - Grifka, Joachim A1 - Greimel, Felix T1 - Navigation und Robotik - Status präsens und zukünftige Implikationen JF - Die Orthopädie N2 - Einleitung Sowohl Navigationssysteme als auch die Robotik ermöglichen eine höhere Präzision bei der Implantation eines künstlichen Kniegelenkes. Eine Verbesserung der klinischen Ergebnisse kann dadurch aber nicht erreicht werden. Wir stellten die Hypothese auf, dass es im Rahmen der Implantation einer Knietotalendoprothese zwar zur Rekonstruktion des Alignments in der Koronarebene kommt, durch die variable rotatorische Tibia- sowie variable translatorische Femur- und Tibiakomponentenpositionierung zu einer Veränderung der restlichen Alignmentparameter der unteren Extremität kommt. Diese Parameter könnten jedoch mittels Navigationssystem oder Roboter bestimmt werden und könnten zukünftige Implikationen für diese Systeme darstellen. Methoden In 9 gesunden Kniegelenken von fixierten Ganzkörperleichen nach Thiel erfolgte die Bestimmung der Kinematik (Rollback bzw. tibiale Innenrotation sowie tibiale Ab?/Adduktion) und der Stellung zwischen Femur bzw. Epikondylen und Tibia vor und nach Implantation einer Knietotalendoprothese zwischen 0 und 90° Beugung mithilfe eines Navigationssystems (Knee 2.6, Fa. Brainlab, München, Deutschland). Ergebnisse Nach endoprothetischer Versorgung kam es zu keiner Veränderung des natürlichen koronaren Alignment. In Streckung und den frühen Beugegraden zeigte sich die Rotationsstellung des Femurs gegenüber der Tibia verändert. Dies führte auch zu einer veränderten Positionierung des Epicondylus medialis und lateralis in Relation zur Tibia: Während beide Epikondylen nach endoprothetischer Versorgung in Relation zur Tibia lateraler positioniert waren, war der Epicondylus lateralis bis 20° Beugung signifikant dorsaler gelegen. Diskussion Nach endoprothetischer Versorgung eines Kniegelenkes in etablierter Technik kam es zu einer guten Rekonstruktion des koronaren Alignments bei gleichzeitiger Veränderung des Alignments sowohl in rotatorischer als auch translatorischer Richtung zwischen Femur und Tibia. Mittels Navigation aber auch Robotik wären wir in der Lage, sämtliche Alignmentparameter zu quantifizieren und könnten eine Ausrichtung der Komponenten bzw. eine Rekonstruktion des Gesamtalignments in allen sechs Freiheitsgraden erzielen. Womöglich wären wir dadurch in der Lage, auch einen klinischen Vorteil zu erzielen bzw. es könnten die Standzeiten noch weiter erhöht werden. KW - Kniegelenk KW - Untere Extremitäten KW - Roboterassistierte Chirurgie KW - Chirurgische Navigationssysteme KW - Totaler Kniegelenkersatz Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00132-023-04468-1 SN - 2731-7145 SN - 2731-7153 VL - 53 SP - 107 EP - 116 PB - Springer Nature ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Maderbacher, Günther A1 - Matussek, Jan A1 - Greimel, Felix A1 - Grifka, Joachim A1 - Schaumburger, Jens A1 - Baier, Clemens A1 - Keshmiri, Armin T1 - Lower Limb Malrotation Is Regularly Present in Long-Leg Radiographs Resulting in Significant Measurement Errors JF - The Journal of Knee Surgery N2 - Weight-bearing long-leg radiographs are commonly used in orthopaedic surgery. Measured parameters, however, change when radiographs are conducted in different rotational positions of the leg. It was hypothesized that rotational errors are regularly present in long-leg radiographs resulting in wrong measurements. In 100 consecutive long-leg radiographs conducted according to the method of Paley, rotation was assessed by fibular overlap. Angular parameters in radiographs (mechanical lateral proximal femoral angle (mLPFA), mechanical lateral distal femoral angle (mLDFA), angle between the anatomical and mechanical femoral axis (AMA), mechanical medial proximal tibia angle (mMPTA), mechanical lateral distal tibial angle (mLDTA), and the mechanical femoral and tibial axis (mFA-mTA) were measured and deviations related to malrotation calculated. An average internal rotation of 8degrees was found in lower limbs showing a range between 29degrees of internal and 22degrees of external rotation. As a result, mean differences before and after rotational correction for measured parameters (mLPFA, mLDFA, AMA, mMPTA, mLDTA, mFA-mTA) ranged between 0.4 and 1.7degrees (-2.1; 5.6 95% confidence interval [CI]). In conclusion, malrotation of lower limbs is regularly present in long-leg radiographs. As all measured parameters are influenced by malrotation, correct lower limb rotation needs to be verified. KW - ALIGNMENT RODS KW - AXIS KW - deformity KW - KNEE KW - limb alignment KW - long-leg radiographs KW - mLDFA KW - mLDTA KW - mLPFA KW - mMPTA KW - PLANE KW - ROTATION KW - rotational error KW - TIBIA KW - Weight-bearing Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1693668 SN - 0006-355X SN - 1538-8506 VL - 34 IS - 1 SP - 108 EP - 114 PB - Thieme CY - Stuttgart ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Peteler, Raffael A1 - Schmitz, Paul A1 - Loher, Martin A1 - Jansen, Petra A1 - Grifka, Joachim A1 - Benditz, Achim T1 - Sex-Dependent Differences in Symptom-Related Disability Due to Lumbar Spinal Stenosis JF - Journal of Pain Research N2 - Study Design: Retrospective observational study. Objective: The objective of this study is to identify possible sex-dependent differences in symptom-related disability in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis. Methods: 103 consecutive outpatients (42 men and 61 women) with lumbar spinal stenosis were assessed on the basis of their medical history, the physical examination, and a series of questionnaires including the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), the Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ), the Patient Health Questionnaire module 9 (PHQ-9), and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS). Narrowing of the spinal canal was graded according to the method established by Schizas. Parameters were statistically analyzed according to the biological sex of the patients. The influence of the variables on the disability scores was analyzed by means of a multivariate regression model. Results: Symptom severity was equally distributed between men and women. Female patients showed higher RMDQ and ODI scores as well as significantly higher intermediate depression scores. The confounding variables age, pain chronicity, and psychological affection as well as the symptoms level of pain and paresis were dependent on patient sex. Conclusion: The study shows sex-depended differences in the perception of symptoms of lumbar spinal stenosis and disability of life. The findings suggest that the main mediators are pain perception and psychological influences on the quality of life. KW - ASSOCIATION KW - BACK-PAIN KW - CARE KW - Depression KW - DIAGNOSIS KW - disability KW - IMPACT KW - LSS KW - PAIN KW - PARAMETERS KW - quality of life KW - SEVERITY KW - sex differences Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:355-epub-443539 SN - 1178-7090 VL - 2021 IS - 14 SP - 747 EP - 755 PB - DOVE MEDICAL PRESS LTD CY - ALBANY ER - TY - GEN A1 - Staufer, Susanne A1 - Hauser, Florian ED - Mottok, Jürgen T1 - Weighting of Questionnaire Data and Learning Analytics to Generate Learning Paths T2 - EARLI SIG 27 Conference 2024 (Online Measures of Learning Processes), 25—27 November 2024, Trondheim, Norway - Book of Abstracts N2 - Over the last few years, personalizing the way of learning is becoming increasingly important. More precisely, online learning platforms are confronted with that challenge caused by the Corona pandemic. Individual learning paths are a suitable form of personalization. Therefore, various algorithms are defined to calculate them. Our working environment is Moodle as a learning management system (LMS) with a special plugin (Röhrl et al., 2024). The content inside the LMS is classified into ten learning element categories from which AI algorithms calculate learning paths. The goal of our research work is to find a suitable weighting between learning analytics and questionnaire data. Learning analytics refers to learner behavior inside the LMS, while questionnaire data comes from three defined questionnaires. The first questionnaire asked for learning styles after Felder-Silverman (1988), the second one asked for learning strategies (Wild & Schiefele, 1994), the third and last one collects personality traits. The data-based weighting gets its results from Moodle and its events. We do not use plain Moodle, but rather Moodle with a special plugin adaptation that offers learning element categorizations and learning path calculations. These learning path calculations come from two different approaches: a Bayesian network and a Markov model. The dataset consists of learning analytics from 15 undergraduate students in a software engineering course and could give a possible weighting between learning analytics and questionnaire data as a result. Before evaluating the data, we suggest a 3:1 weighting; 75% could come from learning analytics and 25% from questionnaire data. KW - learning analytics KW - questionnaire data KW - learning paths KW - personalized learning Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.earli.org/assets/images/Book-of-Abstracts_SIG27_2024_2024-11-24-101234_tdhp.pdf PB - EARLI ER - TY - JOUR ED - Weber, Karsten ED - Bresinsky, Markus T1 - Special topic: Technology assessment and future warfare: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly T2 - TATuP - Zeitschrift für Technikfolgenabschätzung in Theorie und Praxis N2 - The TA community should reflect on its role in assessing the impacts and repercussions of weapons technologies on individuals, societies, and the environment. Regardless of whether TA is seen as an honest broker, or an issue advocate – it cannot stand aside and ignore the many challenges. Y1 - 2026 U6 - https://doi.org/10.14512/tatup.7286 SN - 2567-8833 VL - 35 IS - 1 SP - 8 EP - 47 PB - Oekom Verlag ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Staufer, Susanne A1 - Bugert, Flemming A1 - Nadimpalli, Vamsi Krishna A1 - Röhrl, Simon A1 - Altweck, Ricardo A1 - Ezer, Timur A1 - Grabinger, Lisa A1 - Hauser, Florian A1 - Mottok, Jürgen T1 - A Tool Landscape for Adaptive Learning T2 - ECSEE '25: Proceedings of the 6th European Conference on Software Engineering Education, June 2 - 4, 2025, Kloster Seeon N2 - Adaptive learning environments aim to enhance student engagement and learning efficiency by tailoring educational content to individual needs. This paper presents a modular tool landscape designed to extend a learning management system like Moodle with adaptive learning paths based on learner profiles. To this end, the proposed architecture integrates multiple AI-driven tools - like Bayesian networks and Markov models - to generate personalized learning paths. The framework is implemented as a Moodle plugin named Pythia, which facilitates the selection and sequencing of learning elements by analyzing learning styles, completion data, and learning analytics. The main goal of this work is to provide lecturers a modular architecture for an adaptive learning management system that can be used and expanded the way they want it. Therefore, the present work has the following contributions: The architecture with its tools has to be discussed on the basis of flexibility in tool integration. They should be open for extensions, the functionality of the used algorithms should be transparent, and they should offer the possibility of psychological questionnaire integration. KW - learning management system KW - learning path generation KW - Bayesian network KW - Markov model KW - learning analytics Y1 - 2025 SN - 9798400712821 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1145/3723010.3723028 N1 - Corresponding author der OTH Reegnsburg: Susanne Staufer SP - 30 EP - 39 PB - Association for Computing Machinery CY - New York, NY, USA ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Westner, Markus T1 - Good Practices in Communication, Pedagogy, and Technology for International Student Success T2 - 2026 14th International Conference on Information and Education Technology (ICIET), 17-19 April 2026, Koriyama, Japan N2 - Internationalization of higher education expands opportunity but poses concrete pedagogical challenges for culturally, linguistically, and educationally diverse cohorts. This study reports a qualitative inquiry with 19 experienced faculty at a German University of Applied Sciences. Participants taught across engineering and business programs serving international cohorts. Using semi-structured interviews and thematic analysis, it identifies key challenges and field-tested practices for teaching in international programs. The analysis yields a three-pillar framework: (1) building an inclusive foundation through proactive communication and relationship-oriented pedagogy; (2) scaffolding academic success via explicit, responsive teaching and assessment; and (3) leveraging educational technology to provide flexibility and universal access. The framework reflects a facultydriven enactment of principles from Culturally Responsive Pedagogy (CRP) and Universal Design for Learning (UDL). The contribution is a theoretically grounded, practitioner-derived model that offers actionable guidance for instructors and program leads seeking inclusive, effective international education, and informs course design, assessment, and student support in globally diverse classrooms. Y1 - 2026 SN - 979-8-3315-4552-9 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIET69664.2026.11561685 SP - 474 EP - 478 PB - IEEE ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Meyer, Matthias A1 - Kappenschneider, Tobias A1 - Grifka, Joachim A1 - Weber, Markus T1 - Risikomanagement in der orthopädischen Chirurgie JF - Der Orthopäde N2 - Preoperative identification of patients at risk of postoperative complications enables better patient education and surgical planning for the orthopedic surgeon. In addition to demographic and intervention-specific factors, a variety of instruments are available for individual risk assessment. The concept of frailty seems to be promising to identify patients at risk. Modifiable risk factors such as malnutrition, anemia, obesity, smoking, and insufficiently controlled diabetes mellitus are common in elective orthopedic patients. With the use of screening protocols, modifiable risk factors can be identified and optimized preoperatively in order to reduce the individual risk of complications. Recommendations regarding preoperative risk stratification and modification prior to elective hip replacement have meanwhile been incorporated in national guidelines. T2 - Risk management in orthopedic surgery : Stratification and adjustment of patient-individual risk factors KW - blood KW - COMORBIDITY KW - COMPLICATIONS KW - Frailty KW - HEMOGLOBIN A1C KW - OUTCOMES KW - Postoperative complications KW - Risk assessment KW - Risk factors KW - Screening KW - SMOKING KW - TOTAL HIP KW - TOTAL JOINT ARTHROPLASTY KW - US Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00132-021-04206-5 SN - 1433-0431 SN - 0085-4530 VL - 51 IS - 2 SP - 81 EP - 90 PB - Springer ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Meyer, Matthias A1 - Michalk, Katrin A1 - Greimel, Felix A1 - Maderbacher, Günther A1 - Grifka, Joachim A1 - Kappenschneider, Tobias T1 - SOG - Spezielle Orthopädische Geriatrie JF - Die Orthopädie N2 - Hintergrund Für die Versorgung geriatrischer Patienten bei elektiven orthopädischen Operationen existieren in Deutschland bisher noch keine adäquaten Versorgungskonzepte. Die SOG-Studie evaluiert hierzulande erstmalig den Einfluss eines komplexen orthogeriatrischen Co-Managements auf das Outcome älterer Patienten mit elektivem Hüft- und Kniegelenkersatz im Vergleich zur orthopädischen Standardversorgung. Methodik In die Zwischenanalyse der noch laufenden Studie wurden 174 Patienten eingeschlossen, wovon 87 Patienten in die Interventionsgruppe und 87 Patienten in die Kontrollgruppe randomisiert wurden. Das SOG-Versorgungsmodell besteht aus Screening, präoperativem Assessment mit präoperativer Intervention/Optimierung, Operation nach dem Fast-Track-Prinzip und multimodaler perioperativer Versorgung im orthogeriatrischen Team. Die Kontrollgruppe erhielt eine orthopädische Standardbehandlung. Verglichen wurden Mobilität, Komplikationen und ?patient-reported outcome measures? (PROM). Ergebnisse Die Interventionsgruppe wies postoperativ gegenüber der Kontrollgruppe zu allen Erfassungszeitpunkten eine klinisch relevant verbesserte Mobilität auf (p? 3 degrees had a significant influence on subsidence. Canal flare index and canal fill ratio showed no significant correlation with subsidence as well as BMI and age. Conclusion In the present study, cementless stem subsidence was significantly higher in the group with enhanced recovery rehabilitation compared to partial weight-bearing. Small absolute values and differences were demonstrated and therefore possibly below clinical relevance. Anatomical radiological parameters and anthropometric data did not appear to be risk factors for stem subsidence. KW - 10-YEAR KW - Cementless THA KW - ENHANCED RECOVERY KW - FIXATION KW - FOLLOW-UP KW - IMPLANTS KW - METAL KW - MICROMOTION KW - MOTION KW - PROSTHESES KW - Stem subsidence KW - TITANIUM KW - Total hip arthroplasty KW - TOTAL HIP-ARTHROPLASTY KW - Weight-bearing Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:355-epub-458723 UR - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34019145 SN - 1434-3916 SN - 0936-8051 VL - 142 SP - 673 EP - 680 PB - Springer CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Baier, C. A1 - Benditz, A. A1 - Koeck, F. A1 - Keshmiri, A. A1 - Grifka, Joachim A1 - Maderbacher, G. T1 - Different Kinematics of Knees with Varus and Valgus Deformities JF - The Journal of Knee Surgery N2 - Few data exist of kinematics of knees with varus and valgus deformities combined with osteoarthritis. The purpose of this study was to reveal different (1) tibiofemoral kinematics, (2) medial and lateral gaps, and (3) condylar liftoff of osteoarthritic knees with either varus or valgus deformity before and after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). For this purpose, 40 patients for TKA were included in this study, 23 knees with varus deformity and 17 knees with valgus deformity. All patients underwent computer navigation, and kinematics was assessed before making any cuts or releases and after implantation. Osteoarthritic knees with valgus deformity showed a significant difference in tibia rotation relative to the femur with flexion before and after TKA, whereas knees with varus deformity did not. Knees with a valgus deformity showed femoral external rotation in extension and femoral internal rotation in flexion, whereas knees with a varus deformity revealed femoral internal rotation in extension and femoral external rotation in flexion. In both groups, gaps increased after TKA. Condylar liftoff was not observed in the varus deformity group after TKA. In the valgus deformity group, condylar liftoff was detected after TKA at knee flexion of 50 degrees and more. This study revealed significant differences in tibiofemoral kinematics between osteoarthritic knees with a varus or valgus deformity before and after TKA. Valgus deformities showed a paradoxic movement pattern. These in vivo intraoperative results need to be confirmed using fluoroscopic or radiographic three-dimensional matching before and after TKA. KW - ARTHROPLASTY KW - FLEXION KW - IMPLANT KW - IN-VIVO KINEMATICS KW - JOINT KW - knee kinematics KW - LIVING KNEE KW - MOVEMENT KW - MRI KW - OSTEOARTHRITIC KNEES KW - valgus deformity KW - varus deformity Y1 - 2018 UR - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28561154 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1603340 SN - 1938-2480 SN - 1538-8506 VL - 31 IS - 03 SP - 264 EP - 269 PB - Thieme CY - Stuttgart ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Geyer, M. A1 - Grässel, S. A1 - Straub, R. H. A1 - Schett, G. A1 - Dinser, R. A1 - Grifka, Joachim A1 - Gay, S. A1 - Neumann, E. A1 - Müller-Ladner, U. T1 - Differential transcriptome analysis of intraarticular lesional vs intact cartilage reveals new candidate genes in osteoarthritis pathophysiology JF - Osteoarthritis and Cartilage N2 - Objective: To elucidate disease-specific molecular changes in osteoarthritis (OA) by analyzing the differential gene expression profile of damaged vs intact cartilage areas within the same joint of patients with CA of the knee using a combination of a novel RNA extraction technique and whole-genome oligonucleotide arrays. Methods: The transcriptome of macroscopically affected vs intact articular cartilage as determined by visual assessment was analyzed using an optimized mill-based total RNA isolation directly from the tissue and high density synthetic oligonucleotide arrays. Articular cartilage samples were obtained from patients with OA of the knee. Expression of differentially regulated genes was validated by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. Results: The amount of RNA obtained by the optimized extraction procedure was at least 1 mu g per 500 mg of cartilage and fulfilled the common quality requirements. After hybridization onto HG-U133 Plus 2.0 GeneChips (Affymetrix), 28.6-51.7% of the probe sets on the microarray showed a detectable signal above the signal threshold in the individual samples. A subset of 411 transcripts, which appeared to be differentially expressed, was obtained when applying predefined filtering criteria. Of these, six genes were found to be up-regulated in the affected cartilage of all patients, including insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3), wnt-1-inducible signaling protein 1 (WISP-1), aquaporin 1 (AOP-1), delta/notch-like EGF-repeat containing transmembrane (DNER), decay accelerating factor (DAF), complement factor I (IF). Conclusion: The optimized methodical approach reported here not only allows to determine area-specific gene expression profiles of intraindividually different low-RNA containing OA cartilage specimens. In addition, this study also revealed novel genes not yet reported to play a role in the pathophysiology of joint destruction in OA. (c) 2008 Osteoarthritis Research Society International. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. KW - Affymetrix KW - AQP-1 KW - AQUAPORIN WATER CHANNELS KW - CARTILAGE KW - DAF KW - DECAY-ACCELERATING FACTOR KW - Differential gene expression KW - DNER KW - EXPRESSION KW - EXTRACTION KW - FACTOR-BINDING-PROTEINS KW - FIBRONECTIN KW - HUMAN ARTICULAR CHONDROCYTES KW - IF KW - IGFBP-3 KW - Intact KW - Lesional KW - MESSENGER-RNA KW - MOLECULAR-BIOLOGY KW - Oligonucleotide array KW - osteoarthritis KW - PATHOPHYSIOLOGY KW - RNA extraction KW - Transcriptome KW - UP-REGULATION KW - Whole-genome KW - WISP-1 Y1 - 2009 UR - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18775662 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joca.2008.07.010 SN - 1522-9653 SN - 1063-4584 VL - 17 IS - 3 SP - 328 EP - 335 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Worlicek, M. A1 - Weber, M. A1 - Zeman, F. A1 - Wörner, M. A1 - Schneider, M. A1 - Grifka, Joachim A1 - Renkawitz, T. A1 - Craiovan, B. T1 - Digital Planning Software Fails to Reflect Stem Torsion on Plain Radiographs after Total Hip Arthroplasty JF - RöFo - Fortschritte auf dem Gebiet der Röntgenstrahlen und der bildgebenden Verfahren N2 - Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the validity of commercially available planning software on plain radiographs after THA compared to CT scans as the gold standard. Patients and Methods: In a prospective clinical study, anteroposterior (AP) radiographs and three-dimensional CT scans (3D-CT) were obtained for 121 patients, who underwent minimally invasive, cementless THA with a straight tapered stem, in a lateral decubitus position. For measuring SV, we used digital planning software (TraumaCad 2.0, BrainLAB Feldkirchen, Germany). Two independent raters repeated the analysis after a six-week interval. Radiological measurements were compared with 3D-CT measurements by an independent, blinded external institute. This investigation was approved by the local ethics commission (no. 10 - 121-0263) and is a secondary analysis of a larger project (DRKS00 000 739, German Clinical Trials Register May-02 - 2011). Results: The radiograph measurements showed very high intra-and interrater agreement. The intra- class correlation (ICC) of the intrarater agreement was 0.97 for rater 1 and 0.98 for rater 2. The intrarater reliability was 0.99 using the mean values of both rater measurements. The mean difference between the average radiograph measurement and the 3D-CT-based measurement was 0.41 degrees (SD 11.24 degrees) (range: -33.85 degrees-22.50 degrees; 95 % limits of agreement: - 21.63 - 22.45), but there was no correlation found between both methods. Conclusion: Measuring stem version with the help of commercially available digital planning software on plain radiographs after THA has high intra- and interrater reliability but clinically inacceptable validity and reliability when compared to 3D-CT scans. KW - anterior posterior radiographs KW - ANTEVERSION KW - CT KW - FEMORAL OFFSET KW - Hip arthroplasty KW - IMPINGEMENT KW - MOTION KW - planning software KW - RANGE KW - REPLACEMENT KW - Stem version KW - VERSION Y1 - 2016 UR - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27355814 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-106975 SN - 1438-9010 SN - 1438-9029 VL - 188 IS - 08 SP - 763 EP - 767 PB - Thieme CY - Stuttgart ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kappenschneider, Tobias A1 - Bammert, Philip A1 - Holzapfel, Dominik Emanuel A1 - Schiegl, Julia Sabrina A1 - Pagano, Stefano A1 - Pulido, Loreto C. A1 - Grifka, Joachim A1 - Michalk, Katrin A1 - Reinhard, Jan T1 - Trajectory of test components of a comprehensive geriatric assessment in orthogeriatric patients following total hip and knee arthroplasty JF - BMC Geriatrics N2 - Background: A comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) is considered the gold standard for improving numerous relevant endpoints for older people in hospitals. The aim of the study was to investigate what happens across time to individual test components of a CGA after completion of inpatient rehabilitation and 3 months after surgery compared to the start of rehabilitation in orthogeriatric patients who underwent elective total hip or knee arthroplasty (THA or TKA). Methods: In this prospective study, we used data from 186 participants (THA n?=?110, TKA n?=?76) of the Special Orthopaedic Geriatrics (SOG) trial, funded by the German Federal Joint Committee (GBA). Study data were collected preoperatively (basic information), on admission to inpatient rehabilitation (7th postoperative day), on discharge (4 weeks postoperatively) and 3 months after THA or TKA. Non-parametric Wilcoxon signed rank tests were used for the main statistical analyses, and Mann-Whitney U tests were employed for secondary analysis stratified by age, frailty, and mobility. Results: Compared to admission, both surgical groups showed significant improvements in Barthel Index, Nutritional Risk Screening (NRS), frailty, Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), gait speed and reduction in polypharmacy on discharge from inpatient rehabilitation (effect size, 0.18?0.79). 3 months postoperatively, there were further significant improvements in Barthel Index, SPPB, gait speed and reduction in polypharmacy in both groups compared to discharge from rehabilitation (effect size, 0,38???0,75), while NRS and frailty only improved in the THA group. Differentiated according to the presence of frailty (Fried?s frailty criteria???3), both groups demonstrated significantly better improvements in frail participants than in robust or pre-frail patients. Conclusion: The results of this study reveal that key components of CGA significantly improve in orthogeriatric patients after THA and TKA three weeks after inpatient rehabilitation and continue to improve up to three months after surgery. There is evidence that obviously frail patients benefit particularly well from rehabilitation programmes. KW - Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) KW - Frailty KW - Orthogeriatric KW - Rehabilitation KW - Total hip arthroplasty (THA) KW - Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) Y1 - 2026 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-026-07307-y VL - 26 PB - Springer Nature ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schiegl, Julia Sabrina A1 - Bammert, Philip A1 - Maderbacher, Günther A1 - Reinhard, Jan A1 - Pagano, Stefano A1 - Michalk, Katrin A1 - Grifka, Joachim A1 - Kappenschneider, Tobias T1 - Exploratory analysis of depressive symptom trajectories before and after hip or knee arthroplasty in geriatric patients JF - Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery N2 - Background Depressive symptoms are prevalent among patients with osteoarthritis (OA), particularly in geriatric patients. Pain and mood are closely interconnected, with chronic joint pain contributing significantly to psychological distress. Total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA) are established procedures that improve pain and physical function and may also influence depressive symptoms. The objective of this study was to evaluate changes in depressive symptoms following THA and TKA in geriatric patients. Methods In this prospective pilot study, we analysed data from 143 participants enrolled in the ongoing Special Orthopaedic Geriatrics (SOG) trial, funded by the German Federal Joint Committee (G-BA). Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) preoperatively and at 3 days, 7 days, 4 weeks, and 3 months after surgery. Depressive symptoms were analysed in two predefined groups: the total sample (GDS 1?15) and patients with elevated baseline symptoms (GDS 6?15). Statistical analysis included the Friedman test for repeated measures, followed by post-hoc testing. Results In the overall cohort, median GDS scores decreased from 3 at baseline to 2 at the 3-month follow-up (p? 1.5 mm, thus reaching a saturation value. Heat treatment resulted in homogenization but no recrystallization of the microstructure. Thus, the melt pool boundaries and substructures were dissolved, and residual stresses were reduced, whereas the elongated and oriented grains and thus the anisotropic microstructure were preserved. Accordingly, the specimen thickness- and direction-dependent mechanical properties of L-PBF 316L were still observed after heat treatment. Thus, for a reliable structural mechanical evaluation of L-PBF parts, their mechanical properties must be determined using test specimens that are comparable in size, orientation angle, and post-treatment condition to the later L-PBF part. In a final step, the mechanical behavior of L-PBF stents was determined and the expansion behavior of L-PBF stents under different post-processing conditions was evaluated by FEAs. The generation of L-PBF miniature tensile specimens of comparable cross section to stent struts and their experimental evaluation is challenging and highly error-prone. Therefore, a combined experimental-numerical approach was developed for the inverse determination of the mechanical behavior of L-PBF 316L stents based on experimental testing and FEA of uniaxial compression of L-PBF stents. The stent models were reconstructed from computed tomography (CT) scans of real L-PBF stents. In this way, process-related geometric irregularities were depicted enabling an accurate prediction of the stent structure-property relationship. Thus, the macroscopic mechanical behavior of L-PBF 316L stents could be determined for the first time and subsequently described numerically by a material model. Morphological analysis of the L-PBF stents further revealed significant discrepancies between the actual L-PBF stents and its computed aided design (CAD) model due to process-related geometric irregularities (surface roughness, strut waviness, enlarged and inhomogeneous strut diameters, internal defects). Numerical expansion analysis of the L-PBF stent models showed that L-PBF stents can exhibit comparable expansion behavior to conventional stents only after surface and heat treatment. However, subsequent analysis of deformation and stress states showed that L-PBF stents, both in the as-built condition and after surface and heat treatment, may exhibit critical local stress/strain concentrations, especially in the areas of pronounced geometric irregularities. Improvements in the L-PBF process, post-processing steps, and stent design are therefore essential to minimize process-related geometric irregularities and thus their strength-reducing effects, ultimately ensuring the structural safety of L-PBF stents. One possible improvement approach is to manufacture the stents on special µ-L-PBF systems that have explicitly been optimized to produce filigree structures. In this way, a higher geometric accuracy and low surface roughness could already be achieved in the as-built condition of L-PBF stents, and the subsequent required surface treatment could be reduced to a minimum. Furthermore, the fatigue strength, the damage behavior, the interaction of the stent with the blood vessel as well as the biocompatibility of L-PBF 316L stents should be investigated. To effectively use numerical models for the development of L-PBF stents, the potential of synthetic L-PBF stent models should also be investigated. The synthetic stent models represent a statistics-based modification of the original stent CAD model (e.g., local variations of strut cross section along strut length). In this way, the effects of L-PBF process-related geometric irregularities could be represented statistically and thus without explicit reconstruction from CT scans. The development of L-PBF stents is a very complex interdisciplinary task in the fields of manufacturing technology, material science, design development and numerical simulation. To establish L-PBF as a reliable alternative to conventional stent fabrication, further research in this area is essential. By providing a method to determine the mechanical properties of L-PBF stents as well as their numerical analysis, this doctoral thesis could contribute to the further development of L-PBF 316L stents, as well as define necessary research aspects for further work. N2 - Die Wiederverengung eines Koronargefäßes nach Stentimplantation, die sogenannte In-stent-Restenose (ISR), stellt ein vorherrschendes Problem der Behandlung der Arteriosklerose dar. ISR wird u.a. durch Gefäßwandverletzungen während der Stentimplantation, durch Fehlplatzierung, Über- oder Unterdimensionierung des Stents sowie eine damit verbundene ungünstige Veränderung des natürlichen Blutflusses verursacht. Fortschritte in der additiven Fertigung (AM) von Metallen, insbesondere in der Laser Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF), ermöglichen die Herstellung von filigranen Gitterstrukturen im Mikrometerbereich und damit potenziell auch von Koronarstents. Indem sie neue oder sogar patientenspezifische Stentdesigns ermöglichen, könnten L-PBF Stents die Konformität des implantierten Stents mit der Gefäßwand verbessern und so möglicherweise die ISR-Raten in Zukunft reduzieren. Die Forschung auf dem Gebiet der L-PBF-Stents befindet sich noch im Anfangsstadium. Der Schwerpunkt bisheriger Studien liegt hauptsächlich auf der Analyse der Anforderungen an das Stentdesign und der grundlegenden Funktionalität von L-BF-Stents. Untersuchungen zur Bestimmung des spezifischen mechanischen Verhaltens der L-PBF Stents, aber auch zu deren numerischen Analysen fehlen bis dato. Aufgrund der vergleichbaren Topologie stellen L-PBF Stents prinzipiell Gitterstrukturen mit einer geringen strukturellen Dichte dar. Daher ist es naheliegend, Erkenntnisse auf dem Gebiet der L-PBF Gitterstrukturen auf L-PBF-Stents zu übertragen. L-PBF Gitterstrukturen sind von prozessbedingten geometrischen Unregelmäßigkeiten betroffen sind, die sowohl deren Morphologie als auch deren mechanischen Eigenschaften (negativ) beeinflussen. Für eine genaue (numerische) Bewertung von L-PBF Stents müssen, analog zu L-PBF Gitterstrukturen, zunächst deren mechanischen Eigenschaften bestimmt und der Einfluss von prozessbedingten geometrischen Irregularitäten analysiert bzw. in den numerischen Modellen berücksichtigt werden. Weiterhin können, die mechanischen und morphologischen Eigenschaften von filigranen L-PBF Stents durch Nachbearbeitungsschritte (Oberflächen-, Wärmebehandlung) beeinflusst werden. Derzeit werden L-PBF Gitterstrukturen jedoch hauptsächlich im Bauzustand untersucht. Ziel dieser Dissertation ist es, die Auswirkungen von prozessbedingten Unregelmäßigkeiten und unterschiedlichen Nachtbearbeitungsschritten auf das mechanische Verhalten von L-PBF 316L Stents zu bestimmen sowie eine numerische Methodik für deren Bewertung zu entwickeln. Im ersten Schritt wurden Finite Elemente Analysen (FEA) zur Vorhersage der Verformung und des Spannungszustands von konventionell hergestellten Stents während des Crimpens und der Expansion entwickelt und anhand umfangreicher experimenteller Daten validiert. Diese FEAs ermöglichten eine genaue Vorhersage des Expansionsverhaltens von zwei verschiedenen Stentdesigns mit unterschiedlichem Expansionsverhalten sowie unterschiedlicher Positionierung auf dem Ballonkatheter. Im zweiten Schritt wurde das mechanische Verhalten von L-PBF 316L anhand einachsiger Zugversuche an Standard-Flachzugproben mit variabler Probendicke und Ausrichtungswinkel bestimmt. Für jede Probenkonfiguration wurden Proben im Bauzustand als auch nach Wärmebehandlung berücksichtigt. Im Bauzustand wurde neben den bereits aus der Literatur bekannten anisotropen mechanischen Eigenschaften von L-PBF 316L ein signifikanter Anstieg der Festigkeit mit zunehmender Probendicke beobachtet, der bei einer Probendicke von etwa t > 1.5~mm stagnierte und somit einen Sättigungswert erreichte. Die durchgeführte Wärmebehandlung führte zu einer Homogenisierung und zu keiner Rekristallisation des Gefüges. So wurden die Meltpoolgrenzen und Substrukturen aufgelöst und die Eigenspannungen abgebaut, während die länglichen und orientierten Körner und damit die anisotrope Mikrostruktur erhalten blieben. Dementsprechend wiesen die L-PBF 316L Zugproben auch nach der Wärmebehandlung probendicken und -richtungsabhängigen mechanischen Eigenschaften auf. Für eine zuverlässige strukturmechanische Bewertung von L-PBF-Bauteilen müssen daher deren mechanische Eigenschaften anhand von Prüfkörpern ermittelt werden, die in Größe, Ausrichtungswinkel und Nachbehandlungszustand mit dem späteren L-PBF-Bauteil vergleichbar sind. Im letzten Schritt wurde eine Methode zur Bestimmung der mechanischen Eigenschaften von L-PBF-Stents entwickelt und das Expansionsverhalten von L-PBF-Stents unter Berücksichtigung prozessbedingter geometrischer Unregelmäßigkeiten in verschiedenen Nachbearbeitungszuständen mittels FEA bewertet. Die Herstellung von L-PBF Miniatur-Zugproben mit vergleichbarem Querschnitt wie Stentstreben sowie deren experimentelle Prüfung ist schwer zu realisieren und zudem sehr fehleranfällig. Daher wurde ein kombinierter experimentell-numerischer Ansatz für die inverse Bestimmung der mechanischen Eigenschaften von L-PBF 316L Stents entwickelt, welcher auf der exerimentellen Durchführung und FEA der uniaxialen Kompression von L-PBF Stents basierte. Die Stentmodelle innerhalb der FEA wurden aus Computertomographie (CT) Scans realer L-PBF Stents rekonstruiert. Auf diese Weise wurden die prozessbedingten geometrischen Irregularitäten detailliert abgebildet, wodurch die Vorhersage der Struktur-Eigenschafts-Beziehung ermöglicht wurde. So konnte erstmals das makroskopische mechanische Verhalten von L-PBF 316L Stents ermittelt und anschließend numerisch in einem Materialmodell abgebildet werden. Die morphologische Analyse der L-PBF Stents zeigte deutliche Abweichungen zwischen den tatsächlichen L-PBF Stents und dessen CAD-Modell auf (z.B., Oberflächenrauigkeit, Strebenwelligkeit, vergrößerte und inhomogene Strebendurchmesser, innere Defekte). Die numerische Expansionsanalyse der L-PBF-Stentmodelle zeigte, dass L-PBF-Stents erst nach einer Oberflächen- und Wärmebehandlung ein vergleichbares Expansionsverhalten wie konventionell hergestellte Stents aufweisen. Die Analyse der Verformungs- und Spannungszustände zeigte, dass die L-PBF Stent sowohl im Bauzustand als auch nach einer Oberflächen- und Wärmebehandlung z.T. kritische lokale Spannungs-/Dehnungskonzentrationen aufweisen, insbesondere in den Bereichen mit ausgeprägten geometrischen Unregelmäßigkeiten. Verbesserungen des L-PBF Verfahrens, der Nachbearbeitungsschritte und des Stentdesigns sind daher unerlässlich, um prozessbedingte geometrische Unregelmäßigkeiten und deren festigkeitsmindernde Auswirkungen zu minimieren und somit die strukturelle Sicherheit von L-PBF Stents zu gewährleisten. Ein möglicher Verbesserungsansatz ist die Herstellung der Stents auf speziellen µ-L-PBF Anlagen, die explizit für die Herstellung von filigranen Strukturen optimiert wurden. Auf diese Weise könnte bereits im Bauzustand eine höhere geometrische Genauigkeit und eine geringe Oberflächenrauigkeit erreicht und die anschließend notwendige Oberflächenbehandlung auf ein Minimum reduziert werden. Darüber hinaus sind Studien zur Ermüdungsfestigkeit, zum Schädigungsverhalten, zur Interaktion des Stents mit dem Blutgefäß und zur Analyse der Biokompatibilität von L-PBF 316L Stents unerlässlich. Um numerische Modelle effektiv für die Entwicklung von L-PBF Stents zu nutzen, sollte auch das Potenzial synthetischer L-PBF Stentmodelle untersucht werden, um die numerische Bewertung neuer Stent-Designs vor ihrer tatsächlichen Herstellung zu ermöglichen. Die synthetischen Stentmodelle stellen eine statistikbasierte Modifikation des ursprünglichen Stent-CAD-Modells dar (z.B. lokale Variationen des Strebenquerschnitts entlang der Strebenlänge). Auf diese Weise könnten die Auswirkungen von L-PBF bedingten geometrischen Unregelmäßigkeiten statistisch, und somit ohne explizite Rekonstruktion aus CT-Scans abgebildet werden. Die Entwicklung von L-PBF Stents ist ein sehr komplexes interdisziplinäres Vorhaben in den Bereichen Fertigungstechnologie, Materialwissenschaft, Designentwicklung und numerischer Simulation. Um L-PBF als zuverlässige Alternative zur konventionellen Stentherstellung zu etablieren, ist weitere Forschung in diesen Bereichen unerlässlich. Durch die Bereitstellung einer Methode zur Bestimmung der mechanischen Eigenschaften von L-PBF Stents sowie deren numerische Analyse trägt diese Dissertation zur Weiterentwicklung von L-PBF 316L Stents bei und definiert notwendige Forschungsaspekte für zukünftige Arbeiten. KW - laser powder bed fusion KW - stents KW - finite element analysis Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:355-epub-531392 CY - Regensburg ER - TY - THES A1 - Wulf, Frederik T1 - Essays on cloud computing adoption, post-adoption, and security Y1 - 2021 ER - TY - THES A1 - Grauvogl, Dominik ED - Gerling, Dieter T1 - Multiphysikalische Auslegung einer fremderregten Synchronmaschine mit magnetischer Asymmetrie für einen Hochvolt-Achsantrieb N2 - In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird eine fremderregte Synchronmaschine als Achsantrieb für ein Elektrofahrzeug entwickelt. Als Grundlage hierfür dient ein bereits vorhandener Stator einer permanenterregten Synchronmaschine. Durch die Wiederverwendung des Stators ist eine maschinentypunabhängige Baukastenerweiterung in Form eines magnetfreien Rotors gegeben, wodurch die ökonomischen und ökologischen Nachteile der Permanentmagnete ausgeschlossen sind. Bei der Auslegung des Rotors wird von Beginn an ein multiphysikalischer Entwicklungsansatz gewählt, mit dem der praxistaugliche Einsatz für den modularen Baukasten sichergestellt ist. Dabei ist die elektromagnetische Auslegung iterativ auf die mechanische Blechpaketfestigkeit, das thermische Verhalten und die magnetischen Geräusche abgestimmt. In Kombination mit den gesetzten Restriktionen ergibt sich ein neuartiges asymmetrisches Polschuhdesign mit dem es möglich ist, das geforderte Drehmoment mit genügend kleiner Welligkeit ohne eine Rotorschrägung zu erreichen. Die Simulationsergebnisse sind durch die Vermessung eines aufgebauten Prototyps validiert und bestätigt. Ein abschließender Simulationsvergleich mit der baugleichen permanenterregten Synchronmaschine zeigt, dass die fremderregte Synchronmaschine hinsichtlich Performance, Wirkungsgrad und Geräuschverhalten eine konkurrenzfähige Alternative dazu ist. KW - Magnetische Asymmetrie KW - Traktionsmotor KW - Elektroantrieb KW - E-Mobilität KW - magnetfreier Antrieb KW - magnetische Geräusche KW - NVH KW - elektromagnetische Auslegung KW - Magnetkreisberechnung KW - Rotorkühlung KW - Luftkühlung KW - Erregerstromoptimierung KW - FEM KW - mechanische Festigkeit Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.shaker.de/de/content/catalogue/index.asp?lang=de&ID=8&ISBN=978-3-8440-8553-2 SN - 9783844085532 PB - Shaker Verlag CY - Düren ER - TY - THES A1 - Munninger, Maximilian T1 - Betrachtung der inhärenten Stochastizität durch das Scheduling in Verbindung mit der mehrstufigen Losbildung in einem hierarchischen Planungskonzept N2 - In der Dissertationsschrift „Betrachtung der inhärenten Stochastizität durch das Scheduling in Verbindung mit der mehrstufigen Losbildung in einem hierarchischen Planungskonzept“ werden mehrere Modellformulierungen für die Lösung von mehrstufigen kapazitierten Losgrößenproblemen erarbeitet. Bei der Losgrößenplanung mit Mikroperiodenmlodelen entstehen durch die üblicherweise integrierte Reihenfolgeplanung keine Verspätungen durch Wartezeiten. Jedoch sind die Rechenzeiten für optimale Lösungen in praxisrelevanten Problemgrößen nahezu unbeherrschbar. Bei einer Lösung mit Makroperiodenmodellen und einer nachfolgenden Reihenfolgeplanung mit Prioritätsregeln entstehen hingegen durch die unzureichenden Kapazitätsberechnungen immer wieder unvorhergesehene Wartezeiten. Deshalb werden in der Arbeit drei Modifikationen für das Makroperiodenmodell MLCLSP vorgeschlagen, mit denen diese Wartezeiten geschätzt werden können. Im ersten Ansatz werden Kapazitätskorrekturfaktoren eingeführt und deren Werte simulativ ermittelt, womit das Problem der reihenfolgebedingten Wartezeiten teilweise behoben werden kann. In einem zweiten Modellvorschlag werden diese Kapazitätskorrekturfaktoren mit einer Analogie aus der Warteschlangetheorie geschätzt. Ein drittes Modell wird vorgeschlagen, in dem ein Parameter eingeführt wird mit dem die Robustheit gegenüber der inhärenten Stochastizität zwischen den Losgrößen- und Scheduling-Problemen gesteuert werden kann. KW - Hierarchische Produktionsplanung KW - Mehrstufige kapazitierte Losgrößenplanung KW - Materialbedarfsplanung KW - Scheduling KW - Reihenfolgeplanung KW - Ressourceneinsatzplanung KW - Robuste Planung KW - Makroperiodenmodelle KW - Big-Bucket-Modelle KW - Sukzessivplanung KW - MLCLSP KW - Multi-level Capacitated Lotsizing Problem KW - Kapazitätskorrekturfaktoren KW - Warteschlangentheorie KW - Verspätungen KW - gemischt-ganzzahlige lineare Optimierung KW - Operations Research KW - Werkstattfertigung KW - Hierarchical production planning KW - Multi-level Capacitated Lotsizing Problem KW - Material requirements planning KW - Scheduling KW - Robust planning KW - Big-Bucket-Models KW - Consecutive planning KW - Capacity Correction Factors KW - Queueing Theory KW - Tardiness KW - mixed-integer linear programming KW - Job shop KW - stochasticity KW - Stochastizität KW - Kapazitätslotsenproblem KW - Zentrale Recheneinheit KW - capacity correction factors KW - Arbeitsgangfolge KW - work sequence KW - Lagerkosten KW - storage costs KW - Totalplanungsmodelle KW - total planning models KW - gleichgestellte Partialmodelle KW - equivalent partial models KW - Beschäftigungsglättung KW - employment smoothing KW - Direktbedarfskoeffizient KW - direct demand coefficient KW - Produktionslogistik KW - production logistics KW - Informationstechnik KW - information technology KW - simulation software KW - Simulationssoftware KW - delay values KW - Verzögerungswerte KW - Rüstzeit KW - set-up time KW - Mindestvorlaufzeit KW - minimum lead time Y1 - 2022 SN - 9783736975958 VL - 2022 PB - Cuvillier Verlag CY - Göttingen ET - 1. Auflage ER - TY - THES A1 - Schwanzer, Peter T1 - Experimentelle Untersuchungen zur On-Board Überwachung von Partikelfiltern für den Einsatz an direkteinspritzenden Benzinmotoren N2 - This thesis deals with the development of a methodology for an improved on-board diagnosis of particulate filters in vehicles with gasoline direct injection (GDI) technology with regard to future emission legislations. In order to comply with statutory particle number limits, particulate filters are used in the exhaust gas aftertreatment for GDI-engines. The currently applied method for diagnostic purposes, a differential pressure sensor, will not be suitable for future legislations. Therefore, an on-board strategy with real-time ability shall be developed. To achieve this, the application of novel sensor concepts has been investigated, namely electrostatic soot sensors (ePM sensor) and radio frequency antennas (RF sensor). Due to the results of the ePM-sensors, no methodology for an on-board diagnosis based on an ePM sensor concept was made. The RF sensor showed varying sensitivities for different soot and different quantities of volatile components in the filter element. The analysis of the oxidation processes showed that the regeneration of the filter element is detected by the RF sensor. Furthermore, the stored amount of ash could be captured. Due to these findings, a concept for an improved on-board diagnosis strategy by means of an RF sensor concept was developed. In the course of the work it turned out that a combined sensor concept consisting of a differential pressure sensor and a RF sensor is most suitable. In a validation process, this sensor concept showed sufficient results concerning the detection capability of soot and ash loads as well as of the degree of damage of particulate filters. Especially for small amounts of ash, this sensor concept showed specific advantage. Also, the determination of the current amount of soot in the filter element proved to be suitable. Regarding the detection of damages, the sensor concept convinces through a higher sensitivity. KW - GDI KW - GPF KW - On-Board-Monitoring Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-3-8439-5101-2 PB - Verlag Dr. Hut CY - München ER - TY - THES A1 - Mühlbauer, Christian T1 - Entwicklung einer Methodik zur Bewertung und Optimierung des vibroakustischen Verhaltens von Kraftstoffeinspritzsystemen N2 - Die vorliegende Dissertation befasst sich mit der akustischen Analyse von Kraftstoffein-spritzsystemen und deren NVH-Optimierung mithilfe ansteuerungstechnischer Maßnahmen. Da sich der Körper- und Luftschall beim Betrieb des Verbrennungsmotors mit anderen, nicht untersuchungsrelevanten Geräuschkomponenten überlagert, ist im Vollmotorbetrieb eine diffe-renzierte komponentenbasierte Geräuschmessung nicht möglich. Deshalb wurde ein NVH-Sys-temprüfstand entwickelt, der eine isolierte akustische Vermessung von Einspritzsystemen im seriennahen Systemverbund ermöglicht. Die Betriebsparameter des Einspritzsystems wurden an einem Vollmotor in einem leerlaufna-hen Motorbetriebspunkt erfasst und mithilfe eines speziellen Entwicklungssteuergeräts auf den NVH-Systemprüfstand transferiert. Ausgehend von dem definierten Referenzbetriebspunkt wurden sowohl die Randbedingungen als auch die Ansteuerstrategie variiert und deren Einfluss auf das akustische Verhalten analysiert. Dabei zeigten primär der Raildruck und die Anzahl der Einspritzungen einen ausgeprägten Einfluss auf die betrachteten (psycho-)akustischen Parame-ter Schalldruckpegel, Lautheit, Schärfe und Impulshaltigkeit. Zur akustischen Optimierung der mechatronischen Komponenten wurden zum einen der An-steuerstrom reduziert und zum anderen ein Bremsimpuls am Ende der Ansteuerung implemen-tiert. Dadurch konnten die mechanischen Prellereignisse deutlich reduziert werden. Mithilfe eines Einspritzratenmessgeräts wurde allerdings nachgewiesen, dass sich die Optimierungs-maßnahmen insbesondere auf die Streuung der eingespritzten Kraftstoffmasse negativ auswir-ken und damit ein Zielkonflikt aus Geräuschqualität und Primärfunktionen entsteht. Als signi-fikanter Kipppunkt wurde bei den Injektoren der Übergang vom linearen Vollhub-Betrieb zum ballistischen Teilhub-Betrieb identifiziert. Aus diesem Grund wurde die elektrische Ansteue-rung unter der Voraussetzung des Injektor-Vollhub-Betriebs optimiert. Bei der Beurteilung des Einflusses der NVH-optimierten Ansteuerprofile auf die Robustheit der mechatronischen Komponenten wirkten sich eine niedrige Versorgungsspannung sowie eine kurze Ansteuerdauer der Injektoren besonders negativ auf die Streuung der eingespritzten Kraftstoffmasse aus. Vor allem in Verbindung mit der stromreduzierten Ansteuerung wurden die Injektoren nicht mehr zuverlässig und reproduzierbar im Voll-Hub geöffnet. Weiterhin wur-den durch die Bremspuls-Applikation injektorspezifische Abweichungen im Schließverhalten weiter verstärkt und erhöhten damit auch die Abweichungen der mittleren eingespritzten Kraft-stoffmasse zwischen den untersuchten Injektor-Exemplaren. Abschließend wurde die Übertragbarkeit des Systemverhaltens ermittelt, indem die Optimie-rungsmaßnahmen auf einen weiteren Versuchsträger ausgeweitet wurden. Dabei zeigte sich, dass die Maßnahmen zwar grundsätzlich übertragbar waren, aber die Parametrierung bezüglich Ansteuerstromreduzierung und Bremspuls-Applikation zum Teil stark angepasst werden mussten. N2 - The present dissertation deals with the acoustic analysis of fuel injection systems and their NVH optimization by means of control measures. Since the structure-borne and airborne sound dur-ing operation of the combustion engine is superimposed with other noise components that are not relevant for the analysis, a differentiated component-based noise measurement is not possi-ble in full engine operation. For this reason, an NVH system test bench has been developed that enables isolated acoustic measurements of fuel injection systems in a near-series system com-pound. The operating parameters of the injection system were recorded on a full engine at an engine operating point close to idle and transferred to the NVH system test bench by means of a special development control unit. Beginning from the defined reference operating point, both the boundary conditions and the control strategy were varied and their influence on the acoustic behavior analyzed. Primarily, the rail pressure and the number of injections had a distinct in-fluence on the (psycho-)acoustic parameters considered: sound pressure level, loudness, sharp-ness and impulsiveness. To optimize the mechatronic components acoustically, the control current was reduced and a braking pulse was implemented at the end of the control. This significantly reduced the me-chanical bounce events. However, using an injection rate measurement device revealed that the optimization measures had a particularly negative effect on the scattering of the injected fuel mass, resulting in a trade-off between noise quality and performance. To this, the shift from linear full-stroke operation to ballistic partial-stroke operation of the injectors was identified as a significant tipping point. Therefore, the electrical control was optimized under the condition of injector full stroke operation. Considering the influence of the NVH optimized control profiles on the robustness of the mech-atronic components, particularly a low supply voltage and a short control duration of the injec-tors showed a negative effect on the scattering of the injected fuel mass. Especially in combi-nation with the reduced control current, the injectors were no longer able to open reliably and reproducibly in the full stroke. Additionally, the brake pulse application further increased in-jector-specific deviations in the closing behavior and thus increased the deviations of the mean injected fuel mass between the injector samples investigated. Finally, the transferability of the system behavior was determined by extending the optimization measures to another demonstrator. It turned out that the measures were generally transferable, but the parameterization with regard to control current reduction and brake pulse application had to be adapted considerably in some cases. KW - Brennstoffe KW - Explosivstoffe KW - Kraftstoffe KW - Technik der Verkehrsmittel Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:ma9:1-1981185920-1115312 ER - TY - THES A1 - Baumann, Martina T1 - Health Technology Assessment und ethische Aspekte der Prothesenversorgung N2 - Innovative Hand- und Beinprothesen haben das Potenzial, die Gesundheit und Lebensqualität von Menschen mit Gliedmaßenamputationen und Dysmelien zu verbessern. Aus einer Behindertenrechtsperspektive haben Menschen ein Recht auf eine Versorgung mit solchen Hilfsmitteln, die ihnen mehr gesellschaftliche Inklusion ermöglichen. Gleichzeitig können neue Prothesentechnologien Gesundheitssysteme aufgrund ihrer hohen Kosten vor Herausforderungen in Bezug auf die gerechte Ressourcenallokation stellen. Auch die zunehmende Verschmelzung von Prothesen mit menschlichen Körpern wirft ethische Fragen nach Autonomie und Sicherheit auf. Das Health Technology Assessment (HTA) ist ein wissenschaftlicher Ansatz zur Effizienzsteigerung und gerechten Rationierung in Gesundheitswesen. HTA soll Entscheidungen zur Erstattungsfähigkeit von Gesundheitstechnologien unterstützen, indem es deren Kosten und Nutzen systematisch untersucht – aber auch ethische, rechtliche und soziale Aspekte ihres Einsatzes beleuchtet. Diese Arbeit gibt einen Überblick über den Stand des HTA zu Prothesen auf Basis einer Recherche zu HTA-Berichten und Einschätzungen von Stakeholder*innen des deutschen Gesundheitswesens. Ethische Aspekte der Prothesentechnologie und -versorgung werden auf Basis eines Literaturreviews und einer Befragung von Prothesenträger*innen beleuchtet. Dieser Teil der Arbeit untersucht auch, inwiefern solch eine Kombination aus literaturbasiertem und empirischem Ansatz („empirische Ethik“) einen Mehrwert für Ethik im HTA bietet. In einem Fokus auf Gerechtigkeit wird untersucht, welche Hürden von Prothesennutzer*innen und Stakeholder*innen beim Zugang zu Prothesen im deutschen Gesundheitssystem wahrgenommen werden und inwiefern diese Hürden zu ungerechtem Zugang führen können. Es werden dann basierend auf den empirisch identifizierten Defiziten in der Versorgungspraxis und Norman Daniels Ansatz für Gesundheitsgerechtigkeit Empfehlungen für eine gerechtere und bessere Prothesenversorgung vorgestellt. Die Arbeit liefert somit Beiträge zur methodischen Diskussion um Ethik im Health Technology Assessment und zur bislang in Deutschland eher zögerlich geführten Diskussion, wie mit Ressourcenknappheit im Gesundheitswesen umgegangen werden sollte. N2 - Innovative hand and leg prostheses have the potential to improve the health and quality of life of people with limb amputations and dysmelia. From a disability rights perspective, people have a right to fair access to medical aids that enable them to be better included in society. At the same time, new prosthetic technologies may pose challenges for healthcare systems in terms of just resource allocation due to their high costs. The increasing fusion of prostheses with human bodies also raises ethical questions about autonomy and safety. Health Technology Assessment (HTA) is a scientific approach to increasing efficiency and fair rationing in the healthcare system. HTA supports decisions on the reimbursement of health technologies by systematically analysing their costs and benefits, as well as the ethical, legal, and social aspects of their implementation. This dissertation provides an overview of the status of HTA on prostheses based on a search of HTA reports and assessments by stakeholders in the German healthcare system. Ethical aspects of prosthesis technology and care are analysed based on a literature review and an interview study of prosthesis users. This part of the thesis also examines if such a combination of literature-based and empirical approaches (empirical ethics) offers added value for ethics in HTA. With a focus on ethics of justice, the barriers perceived by prosthesis users and stakeholders in access to prostheses in the German healthcare system, and the extent to which these barriers can lead to unfair access are analysed. Based on the empirically identified deficits in care practice and Norman Daniel's approach to just health, recommendations for fairer and better prosthesis care are presented. The work thus contributes to the methodological discussion on ethics in health technology assessment and to the rather hesitant debate in Germany on how to deal with resource scarcity in the healthcare system. Y1 - 2023 UR - https://publikationen.bibliothek.kit.edu/1000170547 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5445/IR/1000170547 ER - TY - THES A1 - Jonker, Dirk T1 - Advanced nanofabrication techniques for electron emission devices N2 - The goal of this thesis is to develop an electron injection source based on a cold field emission cathode that ultimately functions as an alternative electron source used during the Birch reduction process. The experimental configuration to conduct an alternative Birch reduction involves the combination of various physical domains, including solid-state physics, physics of interfaces, electrochemistry, and fluid dynamics. The body of this thesis discusses the fabrication and characterization of a silicon nanocone array. It also presents a self-aligned method to incorporate an electronic gate structure that may function as an extractor grid. The emission behavior and transport properties of the silicon nanocones are assessed by scanning tunneling microscopy by performing measurements on flat silicon and silicon nanocone surfaces containing different dopant types and doping concentrations. Furthermore, additional experimental work is conducted to replace a thermally grown silicon dioxide layer with platinum silicide and characterize the electrical properties by means of scanning tunneling microscopy. Lastly, the thesis discusses the fabrication of two plasmonic structures and evaluates the plasmonic modes, surface enhancement, and Raman activity. KW - Nanofabrication KW - Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) KW - Geometric diode KW - surface enhanced Raman scattering KW - silicon nanowires KW - silicon nanocones KW - platinum silicide (PtSi) KW - Plasmonic substrates Y1 - 2023 UR - https://research.utwente.nl/en/publications/advanced-nanofabrication-techniques-for-electron-emission-devices SN - 978-90-365-5632-3 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3990/1.9789036556323 ER - TY - THES A1 - Kratzer, Simon T1 - The Fractional CIO as a new form of IT management for SMEs : essays on current issues and new developments in IT executive management N2 - For decades, the importance of information technology (IT) for organizations has continuously increased. To ensure effective IT management and operations, to enable the business, and to stay competitive, many large organizations appoint a Chief Information Officer (CIO) as their highest-ranked IT executive (Preston et al., 2008). While many small to medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) face similar challenges concerning IT, they often lack the resources to employ a full-time IT executive (Bhagwat & Sharma, 2007; Cragg et al., 2013). However, Kamariotou and Kitsios (2022) find that strategic planning and alignment with IT are important determinants for increasing an SME’s business value. An increasing number of SMEs started to employ CIOs part-time to avoid the risk of not staying competitive and losing business value (Moise, 2021; Pratt, 2022). Such so-called “Fractional CIOs” are often highly experienced and skilled individuals working for multiple SMEs simultaneously (Kratzer et al., 2022). By contracting a Fractional CIO, SMEs benefit in various ways. First, they get an experienced IT leader at a fraction of the cost. Second, they remain flexible concerning billable hours and the time horizon of the engagement. Third, they are receiving an outside-in perspective and might profit from the Fractional CIO’s experience gained from simultaneous engagements. Even though the Fractional CIO role benefits SMEs, adoption and awareness are still low. Further, substantial research on the novel role is missing. This dissertation aims to establish a new stream in CIO research that explores the role of the Fractional CIO. Our comprehensive literature review of the CIO research field provides the basis for this research (Kratzer et al., 2023b). As we explore this novel phenomenon, we are also interested in how to best report research findings. We, therefore, aim to conceptualize techniques to convey novel phenomena in information systems (IS) research in an illustrative way. Hence, we posed the following overarching research questions: RQ1: How can novel phenomena be communicated in an illustrative yet rigorous way in research papers? RQ2: What is the state-of-the-art in the CIO research field, and what are further avenues for research? RQ3: What concepts provide SMEs with the experienced IT executive management they need? RQ4: What makes Fractional CIO engagements successful? RQ5: How does the role of the Fractional CIO take shape in practice in the German market? These overarching research questions are answered through six consecutive publications. 1) 'Literary Sketches in Information Systems Research: Conceptualization and Guidance for Using Vignettes as a Narrative Form' This paper is conceptual and has a methodological focus on the use of vignettes. The paper contributes to the usage of vignettes as a narrative form in academic research, providing a taxonomy that structures vignettes and identifies three archetypes. By conceptualizing vignettes through a taxonomy and archetypes, we create transparency for the usage of vignettes, encourage the use of vignettes, and provide recommendations how to use them more rigorously. Long term, this might contribute to a better exchange between academia and practice through better comprehensibility of academic papers. 2) 'Four Decades of Chief Information Officer Research: A Literature Review and Research Agenda Based on Main Path Analysis' In this paper, we conducted a bibliographic literature review using main path analysis, which helped to objectively identify existing topics based on their importance. We also illustrated the knowledge flow in CIO research by identifying major and emerging research streams and analyzing their evolution over time. Additionally, we aggregated central papers in CIO research and developed a research agenda to provide guidance for future research. Overall, this paper helps to advance the understanding of the CIO research field and provides insights for researchers and practitioners. 3) 'The Fractional CIO in SMEs: Conceptualization and Research Agenda' With this paper, we were the first to conceptualize the role of the Fractional CIO and to develop a research agenda for this novel research field. The results from this paper contribute to research and practice in several ways. First, we are the first authors to conceptualize the role of the Fractional CIO, derive a definition, compare it to existing CIO role research, and derive four engagement types. Second, we develop a research agenda to guide future research in the new Fractional CIO research field. Third, we contribute to practice by promoting the role’s awareness among potential Fractional CIOs and organizations. Fourth, we show that Fractional CIO services are versatile and can benefit organizations of different sizes and maturity levels, and there are diverse possibilities for evolution. 4) 'What Makes Fractional CIO Engagements in SMEs Successful? – A Research Framework' In this paper, we developed a research framework for Fractional CIO engagement success. It makes contributions to research and practice. First, we propose a research framework for Fractional CIO engagement success and, therefore, develop a common ground for future research. Second, we provide practical advice for Fractional CIOs and SMEs regarding factors for engagement success. Third, we raise awareness about the Fractional CIO role that may benefit many SMEs around the world. 5) 'Factors for Fractional CIO Engagement Success' In this paper, we used Q-methodology to empirically evaluate the relative importance of factors influencing Fractional CIO engagement success and to identify different viewpoints on engagement success. Our paper makes several contributions to research and practice. First, our paper is the first to identify and evaluate the importance of factors for Fractional CIO engagement success. Therefore, it serves as a basis for further research in the new Fractional CIO research field. Second, we find that upper echelon theory (Hambrick & Mason, 1984) can be applied to executives independent of their contractual relationship in cases of comparable responsibilities. Third, by thoroughly applying Q-methodology, we showcase an exploratory tool for identifying opinions and preferences of participants and clustering them accordingly. This approach provides guidance for other IS scholars to apply it. Fourth, we develop preliminary archetypes of Fractional CIOs and, based on that, provide tentative advice for Fractional CIOs and organizations that hire them. These preliminary archetypes enabled us to identify further theoretical explanations of this phenomenon. In addition to transaction cost theory, agency theory, and upper echelon perspective, we found that stewardship theory and dynamic capabilities explain additional characteristics of Full-ownership CIOs and Change Agents. 6) 'Mehr als Vollzeit: Fractional CIOs in KMUs' This paper summarizes the results of our previous studies regarding the Fractional CIO role in German language and conducts semi-structured interviews with three Fractional CIOs from Germany to complement it with a perspective on the German market. Overall, we find that the Fractional CIO role in the German market is performed similarly to the international market. The interviewed German Fractional CIOs/CTOs could not clearly identify any hurdles that might explain the low adoption of the role. However, all three German Fractional CIOs agree that German SMEs would strongly benefit from Fractional CIOs. (References to be found in the full text) KW - Fractional CIO KW - CIO KW - Chief Information Officer KW - IT Management KW - KMUs KW - SMEs Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa2-894186 ER - TY - THES A1 - Lalo, Erjola T1 - Deployment designs for multi-core-real time systems N2 - In modern embedded automotive systems, multi-core processors are used to provide higher execution performance and more computing capacity. However, they influence the way these systems are designed. Each change of the platform and application software results in an effort required to ensure and validate the functional correctness and timing requirements of these systems in a multi-core platform. For this reason, the use of the Logical Execution Time (LET) paradigm is advantageous for multi-core systems, as it satisfies these requirements by providing time and dataflow determinism, thereby reducing the development cycle and the impact of the platform in the design of such systems. To integrate LET into these systems, special mechanisms are required to satisfy its semantics. Therefore, this work focuses on buffering and scheduling techniques for resource efficient integration of LET in automotive systems. A buffering mechanism and an automatic schedule synthesis are proposed to guarantee functional correctness, timing requirements, and LET semantics and to reduce the increased demands of LET for memory and processor resources. A static and global buffering protocol is proposed, which compared to lock-based protocols has plausible memory needs and zero-communication overheads at the boundaries of LET intervals. The automatic schedule synthesis considers the Operating System (OS) overheads such that scheduling is optimized with respect to context-switching overheads caused by preemption. Buffering implements most of the LET semantics, but it provides no guarantee that tasks execute within their LET intervals. If scheduling is not designed to ensure that all tasks execute within their LET intervals, then functional correctness and LET semantics are violated. The manual design of a feasible schedule that satisfies the semantics and additional requirements of the application is inefficient and requires a significant amount of effort. Therefore, an automatic schedule generation approach for the Fixed-Priority Scheduling (FPS) and Time-Triggered Scheduling (TTS) is proposed. FPS is the widely used mechanism in the automotive domain because of its flexibility to handle dynamic changes of highly event-driven applications. Recently, TTS has attracted considerable attention in this domain to increase deterministic execution of tasks and efficient planning of processor resources. Therefore, schedule synthesis of FPS and TTS is provided to identify the efficiency, practicality, and resource optimization abilities of each approach for LET systems. To show the practicality of LET for industrial automotive systems, its integration into the software architecture of the classic platform of AUTomotive Open System Architecture (AUTOSAR) is described and a case study is conducted using a real world system. Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:104-20240712-00000-7 SN - 978-3-86845-181-8 PB - Universitätsverlag Regensburg CY - Regensburg ET - 1. Auflage ER - TY - THES A1 - Lindner, Matthias T1 - Miniaturisierte dielektrische Barrierenentladungen und ihre Anwendung für das Anti- bzw. De-Icing von aerodynamischen Oberflächen N2 - Das grundlegende physikalische Verständnis und die kontinuierliche Weiterentwicklung von dielektrischen Oberflächenbarrierenentladungen (SDBDs) sowie der damit erbundenen elektrischen Diagnostik, sind für eine Vielzahl von Niedertemperaturplasmaanwendungen von entscheidender Bedeutung. In Bezug auf die Anwendung dieser Plasmatechnologie in der Luftfahrt liegt neben der bereits umfassend erforschten aktiven Strömungskontrolle zunehmend der Schwerpunkt auf der Vermeidung von Eisablagerungen auf aerodynamischen Komponenten. Die Bildung von Eis auf Oberflächen wie zum Beispiel den Tragflächen kann unter extremen Wetterbedingungen erhebliche Leistungsdefizite hervorrufen und zu ernsthaften Sicherheitsrisiken führen. In Anbetracht der signifikanten Vorteile gegenüber traditionellen Enteisungsmethoden steht die Erforschung von SDBDs im Mittelpunkt des anwendungsorientierten Abschnitts dieser Arbeit. Vorliegende Arbeit untergliedert sich in einen grundlegenden und einen anwendungsbezogenen Teil. Darin werden sowohl die physikalischen Eigenschaften und Prozesse von SDBDs analysiert als auch ihre potenziellen Anwendungen in Bezug auf Flugsicherheit und Effizienz untersucht. Die wissenschaftliche Forschung hat in der Vergangenheit erhebliche Anstrengungen unternommen, um ein umfassendes Verständnis der physikalischen Vorgänge, die im Zusammenhang mit SDBDs stehen, zu erarbeiten. Insbesondere die präzise Bestimmung der räumlichen Ausdehnung der Entladung entlang der dielektrischen Oberfläche - die üblicherweise in direkter Proportionalität zur Amplitude der angelegten Spannung steht - ist hierbei eine herausfordernde Aufgabe. Diese umfangreichen Studien sind essenziell, um die Entladungseigenschaften und die grundlegenden physikalischen Prozesse zu verstehen, was erhebliche Anwendungspotenziale eröffnet. Parallel zu diesen grundlegenden Studien hat sich auch der praktische Einsatz von SDBDs zur Verhinderung der Eisbildung auf aerodynamischen Bauteilen bedeutend weiterentwickelt. Untersuchungen legen nahe, dass Lösungen auf Basis von SDBDs im Vergleich zu konventionellen Enteisungsmethoden, wie beispielsweise chemischen Enteisungsmitteln oder thermischen Systemen, ein höheres Effizienz- und Wirkungspotential besitzen könnten. Allerdings wurden bisherige Entwicklungen von SDBDs hauptsächlich auf Basis der Leiterplattentechnologie realisiert, was bestimmte Begrenzungen in Bezug auf ihre Anwendbarkeit für Anti-Icing- Technologie mit sich bringt. Im ersten Teil dieser Arbeit wurde die sequentielle Ausbreitung der SDBD-Entladung entlang der dielektrischen Al2O3-Oberfläche systematisch analysiert. Die durchgeführten experimentellen Untersuchungen zeigten, dass die Entladungen unmittelbar nach dem Erreichen der Zündspannung einen fest definierten Bereich belegen, der bis zum Erreichen einer kritischen Spannungsamplitude VL stabil bleibt. Anzumerken ist auch, dass das Ausbleiben der Plasmaausbreitung innerhalb dieses Spannungsbereichs zu einer linearen Korrelation zwischen der Entladungsleistung und der angelegten Spannungsamplitude führt. Diese tiefergehenden Einblicke in die Dynamik der Entladung können dazu beitragen, den Einsatz von SDBDs in diversen Anwendungsbereichen effizienter zu gestalten. Im zweiten Teil der Arbeit steht die Entwicklung und Implementierung eines innovativen Ansatzes zur Realisierung von SDBDs im Vordergrund, der auf der Nutzung von Dünnschichtsubstra-Vten und mikroelektromechanischen Systemen (MEMS) basiert. Die Verwendung dieser Technologie erlaubt einen präziseren Design- und Fertigungsprozess von Elektrodenstrukturen, was sich positiv auf die Effizienz der Enteisung auswirken kann. Zur Beurteilung des Anti-Icing-Potenzials der entwickelten MEMS-SDBDs wurde ein direkter Vergleich mit konventionellen PCB-SDBDs durchgeführt. Die Ergebnisse legen nahe, dass die 35 μm dicken Elektroden der PCB-SDBDs eine Oberflächenvereisung fördern, die vorrangig durch die Elektrodenkanten induziert wird. Im Gegensatz dazu wurde dieser Effekt bei den deutlich dünneren, lediglich 0.3 μm dicken, mittels MEMS gefertigten Elektroden nicht festgestellt. Diese Beobachtungen deuten darauf hin, dass SDBDs, die mit MEMS-Technologien gefertigt wurden, einen signifikanten Vorteil in Anti-Icing-Anwendungen aufweisen könnten und stellen somit einen wesentlichen Fortschritt in der Forschung und Anwendung von SDBDs dar. Die in dieser Arbeit vorgelegten Forschungsergebnisse und innovativen Methoden liefern zahlreiche neue Erkenntnisse, die das Potential besitzen, sowohl das Verständnis als auch die Anwendung von SDBDs wesentlich zu erweitern. So bestätigen die Langzeitbelichtungsaufnahmen das neu entdeckte Phänomen einer sequenziellen Ausbreitung des Entladungsplasmas, das bei SDBDs mit dickeren Dielektrika stärker ausgeprägt ist. Eine neu entwickelte Methodik ermöglicht die Anwendung der Ladungs-Spannungs-Charakteristik von SDBDs, um essenzielle Parameter für ein vereinfachtes Ersatzschaltbild abzuleiten. Darüber hinaus wurde eine bemerkenswerte numerische Übereinstimmung zwischen der Ladungs-Spannungs-Charakteristik für den positiven Halbzyklus der Entladung und der aus den optischen Aufnahmen abgeleiteten spannungsabhängigen Reaktorkapazität festgestellt. Diese Erkenntnisse öffnen neueWege für die Optimierung und Anwendung von SDBDs in verschiedenen technischen Bereichen. Weiterhin identifizierte die durchgeführte Erosionsstudie Titan als optimal geeignetes Material für MEMS-Elektroden aufgrund seiner hohen Korrosionsbeständigkeit und ausgezeichneten elektrischen Leitfähigkeit. Es wurden auch Potentiale zur Optimierung von MEMS-SDBDs durch die Auswahl geeigneter dielektrischer Materialien und geeigneter SDBD-Geometrien aufgezeigt. Eine solche Optimierung könnte die Enteisungseffizienz weiter verbessern, indem beispielsweise die dielektrischen Eigenschaften an die spezifischen Anwendungsanforderungen angepasst werden. Innovative Designkonzepte, wie eine gezielte Anordnung der Elektroden oder die Integration von Sensoren zur Überwachung des Enteisungsprozesses, könnten ebenfalls zur Leistungsfähigkeit und Zuverlässigkeit von MEMS-SDBDs beitragen. Ein weiterer bedeutender Aspekt ist die Anwendung von Piezotransformatoren zur Generierung der benötigten Hochspannung für SDBD-Systeme. Dieser innovative Ansatz könnte die Effizienz des auf SDBD-Technologie basierenden Enteisungsverfahrens optimieren und somit zur Verbesserung der Leistungsfähigkeit und Sicherheit von Flugzeugen unter extremen Wetterbedingungen beitragen. Das Forschungsfeld bietet viel Raum für zukünftige Studien, was die Bedeutung und Zukunftsrelevanz der in dieser Arbeit gewonnenen Ergebnisse hervorhebt. N2 - The fundamental physical understanding and continuous development of Surface Dielectric Barrier Discharges (SDBDs) and associated electrical diagnostics are of crucial importance for a wide range of low-temperature plasma applications. Regarding the application of this plasma technology in aviation, the focus is increasingly on the prevention of ice accumulation on aerodynamic components, in addition to the already extensively researched active flow control. The formation of ice on surfaces such as the wings can cause significant performance deficits under extreme weather conditions and lead to serious safety risks. Considering the significant advantages over traditional de-icing methods, the investigation of SDBDs is at the forefront of the application-oriented section of this work. This work is divided into a fundamental and an application-oriented part. Both the physical properties and processes of SDBDs are analyzed and their potential applications in terms of flight safety and efficiency are examined. Past scientific research has made considerable efforts to develop a comprehensive understanding of the physical processes associated with SDBDs. The precise determination of the spatial extension of the discharge along the dielectric surface - which is typically in direct proportion to the amplitude of the applied voltage - is a challenging task. These extensive studies are essential to understand the discharge characteristics and the fundamental physical processes, revealing significant application potential. In parallel to these fundamental studies, the practical use of SDBDs for preventing ice formation on aerodynamic components has also made significant progress. Research suggests that solutions based on SDBDs could have higher efficiency and effect potential compared to conventional de-icing methods such as chemical de-icing agents or thermal systems. However, past developments of SDBDs have been mainly based on printed circuit board technology, which brings certain limitations in terms of their applicability for anti-icing technology. In the first part of this work, the sequential propagation of the SDBD discharge along the dielectric Al2O3 surface was systematically analyzed. The experimental investigations carried out showed that the discharges occupy a fixed area immediately after reaching the ignition voltage, which remains stable until a critical voltage amplitude VL is reached. It should also be noted that the absence of plasma expansion within this voltage range leads to a linear correlation between the discharge power and the applied voltage amplitude. These deeper insights into the dynamics of the discharge can contribute to making the use of SDBDs more efficient in various application areas. In the second part of the work, the development and implementation of an innovative approach to realize SDBDs is in the foreground, based on the use of thin-film substrates and Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS). Using this technology allows for a more precise design and manufacturing process of electrode structures, which can positively affect the efficiency of deicing. To assess the anti-icing potential of the developed MEMS-SDBDs, a direct comparison with conventional PCB-SDBDs was conducted. The results suggest that the 35 μm thick electrodes of the PCB-SDBDs promote surface icing, primarily induced by the electrode edges. In contrast, this effect was not observed with the much thinner, only 0.3 μm thick, electrodes produced using MEMS. These observations suggest that SDBDs manufactured using MEMS technologies could have a significant advantage in anti-icing applications and thus represent a significant advance in the research and application of SDBDs. The research results and innovative methods presented in this work provide numerous new insights that have the potential to significantly expand both the understanding and application of SDBDs. Long-exposure photographs confirm the newly discovered phenomenon of a stepwise expansion of the discharge plasma, which is more pronounced for SDBDs with thicker dielectrics. A new methodological approach – the bow tie plot - allows the utilization of the charge-voltage relationship in SDBDs to derive crucial parameters from the simplest equivalent circuit model. Furthermore, a remarkable numerical agreement was found between the charge-voltage characteristic for the positive half-cycle of the discharge and the voltage-dependent reactor capacity derived from the optical images. These findings present new opportunities for the enhancement and deployment of SDBDs across various technological sectors. Moreover, the erosion study conducted identified titanium as the optimal material for MEMS electrodes due to its high corrosion resistance and excellent electrical conductivity. There were also potentials for optimizing MEMS-SDBDs by selecting suitable dielectric materials and suitable SDBD geometries. Such optimization could further improve de-icing efficiency, for example by adjusting the dielectric properties to the specific application requirements. Innovative design concepts, such as targeted arrangement of electrodes or integration of sensors for monitoring the de-icing process, could also contribute to the performance and reliability of MEMS-SDBDs. Another significant aspect is the application of piezoelectric transformers to generate the required high voltage for SDBD systems. This innovative approach could optimize the efficiency of the de-icing process based on SDBD technology and thus contribute to improving the performance and safety of aircraft under extreme weather conditions. The field of research offers great potential for future studies, which underscores the significance and future relevance of the results obtained in this work. KW - Kaltes Plasma KW - Barrierenentladung KW - Enteisung KW - Flugzeugaerodynamik KW - MEMS KW - Plasmaentladung KW - Dielektrische Barrierenentladung Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:384-opus4-1118933 UR - https://opus.bibliothek.uni-augsburg.de/opus4/111893 ER - TY - THES A1 - Renner, Sebastian T1 - Secure Lightweight Authenticated Encryption for Critical Infrastructures in the Internet of Things N2 - The cryptographic protection of transmitted data on resource-constraint IoT devices presents a difficult challenge. In this thesis, a benchmarking framework for the performance evaluation of lightweight encryption algorithms is introduced. It is analyzed, if and when novel encryption algorithms are more suitable for IoT use cases than the current standard. Besides comparing the sole performance, the cost for hardening the algorithms against side-channel analysis is discussed. N2 - Die kryptographische Absicherung der von ressourcenschwachen IoT-Geräten übertragenen Daten stellt eine schwierige Herausforderung dar. In dieser Arbeit wird eine Plattform zur Evaluierung der Performanz leichtgewichtiger Verschlüsselungsalgorithmen eingeführt. Es wird analysiert, ob und unter welchen Umständen neuartige Algorithmen für den IoT-Bereich passender sind als der aktuelle Standard. Außerdem werden effiziente Härtungsmaßnahmen der Algorithmen gegenüber Seitenkanalangriffen untersucht. T2 - Sichere leichtgewichtige authentifizierte Verschlüsselung für kritische Infrastrukturen im Internet der Dinge Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:91-diss-20230922-1703211-1-0 UR - https://mediatum.ub.tum.de/?id=1703211 ER - TY - THES A1 - Thema, Martin Jiří T1 - Process optimization for microbial biosynthesis of methane in a trickle-bed reactor for Power-to-Gas applications: the ORBIT-process N2 - This thesis identifes Power-to-Gas in general and biological CO2-methanation in trickle-bed reactors in particular as promising energy storage and sector coupling technology ready for application but with further optimization potential. It reviews the global status and development of Power-to-Gas technology as to be of exponentially growing importance in energy systems changing towards renewable power supply and analyzes optimization and standardization potential for biological CO2-methanation in tricklebed reactors deriving an improved methanation process. Process development and experiments on hydrodynamical and biological improvement of such a setup were performed, leading to an optimized combination of a packing and microorganisms in pure culture embedded in the new ORBIT-process. First experimental results give evidence of successful application of different optimization approaches implemented in a technical center scale setup. N2 - Die vorliegende Arbeit analysiert Status und Entwicklung der Power-to-Gas-Technologien Wasserelektrolyse und CO2-Methanisierung hinsichtlich Kosten, technischer Parameter und energiepolitischer Stellung in den wichtigsten Einsatzländern. So konnte ein exponentieller Trend in zugebauter Anlagenleistung sowie deutliche Investitionskostendegressionen für alle untersuchten Technologien abgeleitet werden. Die Arbeit entwickelt Optimierungs- und Standardisierungsansätze für die biologische CO2-Methanisierung im Rieselbett-Reaktor, welche als eine der vielversprechenden Power-to-Gas-Anwendungen identifiziert wird. Mit Versuchen zur Verbesserung der hydrodynamischen Bedingungen im Reaktor sowie zu einer optimierten Verbindung aus Packungselementen und Mikroorganismen in Reinkultur wird daraus der neue ORBIT-Prozess abgeleitet. Erste Versuchsergebnisse aus einer realisierten Anlage im Technikumsmaßstab deuten hin auf die erfolgreiche Umsetzung der identifzierten Optimierungsansätze. T2 - Prozessoptimierung zur biologischen CO2-Methanisierung im Rieselbettreaktor f¨ur Power-to Gas-Anwendungen: der ORBIT-Prozess KW - CO2-methanation KW - ORBIT-process KW - Power-to-Gas KW - biological methanation KW - biomethanation KW - trickle-bed reactor Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bvb:29-opus4-150567 SN - 978-3-8440-7656-1 ER - TY - THES A1 - Stadler, Sebastian T1 - The integration of virtual reality into the design process T1 - Die Integration von virtueller Realität in den Designprozess N2 - Technological advances strive towards automation and digitalization with the aim to increase efficiency in terms of decreased costs and product development time, resulting in shorter product life cycles. As this causes industries to release products more frequently and more quickly, industrial designers face problems in developing more complex systems in a decreased amount of time while aiming to meet individualized user requirements and stakeholder demands. If prototypes are infeasible or unaffordable, a successful market implementation of products is jeopardized. As design history proves, the introduction of new technologies to the profession of design has the potential to revolutionize the way of working for industrial designers. Virtual Reality may be one of these revolutions, as Computer-Aid Design has been in the 1980s. The present dissertation investigates the integration of Virtual Reality and its impact on the design process, the respective design method, but also the designer and design as a profession. After defining industrial design and Virtual Reality, a basic framework is proposed that describes a design process consensus model, the transfer of conventional design methods into VR, as well as a preliminary set of criteria for evaluating design studies. Based on this framework, four research questions are defined that initiate the investigation of how Virtual Reality can impact the design process, design methods, the role of designers, and design as a profession. To allow this, a refined set of criteria for evaluating design studies is developed and a benchmark study is conducted that proves the suitability for using Virtual Reality in the chosen context. Subsequently, five design studies are conducted in the field of autonomous mobility for public transport in Singapore to investigate the previously defined questions. The five design methods that are combined with Virtual Reality are heuristic evaluation, surveys, Computer-Aided Design prototyping, usability testing, and product presentation. For each design study, the development of the VR apparatus as well as the data collection and test of the method is explained. Additionally, two conventional design methods are consulted for a subsequent comparative analysis of each VR methods. Beyond the definition of the refined evaluation criteria, consisting of safety, validity, time and cost, variability, interactivity, immersion, and effort, the suitability of using VR for behavioural observation in the present application domain is confirmed. Based on the present investigations, the Virtual Design Toolbox is presented. The toolbox consists of five method cards that explain the usage of Virtual Reality for industrial designers throughout the product development and function as support for successfully developing and applying design methods utilizing this technology. The case studies prove that the usage of Virtual Reality has the potential to impact the design process, as divergent thinking and convergent thinking is fostered through valid data collection, decreased time- and cost- involvement, and increased variability. The roles of the involved designers throughout all design studies shifted from being concept creators towards coordinators and facilitators. Implications are derived on different levels, starting with the technology of Virtual Reality that could be a future game changer for research and design, followed by increased motivation to participate in design studies, the need for interdisciplinary teams to establish the required expertise, and lastly integration of Virtual Reality in design education. The usage of Virtual Reality in design will not replace conventional design methods but has the potential to lead to a paradigm shift for the whole profession of design. N2 - Der technologische Fortschritt entwickelt sich in Richtung Automatisierung und Digitalisierung, was zu erhöhter Effizienz und damit zu verkürzten Produktentwicklungszeiten und verkürzten Produktlebenszyklen führt. Da dies die Industrie dazu veranlasst, Produkte häufiger und schneller zur Marktreife zu bringen, stehen Industriedesigner vor dem Problem, komplexere Systeme in kürzerer Zeit entwickeln zu müssen und gleichzeitig die individuellen Anforderungen der Nutzenden und anderer Stakeholder zu erfüllen. Wenn Prototypen nicht fertigbar oder nicht bezahlbar sind, ist eine erfolgreiche Markteinführung gefährdet. Wie die Designgeschichte beweist, hat die Implementierung neuartiger Technologien in den Beruf des Designers das Potenzial, die Arbeitsweise des Industriedesigners zu revolutionieren. In der vorliegenden Dissertation wird daher die Integration und die Auswirkung von Virtual Reality auf den Designprozess, Designmethoden, aber auch den Designer und das Design als Profession untersucht. Nach der Definition von Industriedesign und Virtual Reality wird ein grundlegendes Vorgehen vorgeschlagen, das ein Konsensmodell für den Designprozess, die Übertragung konventioneller Designmethoden in die VR sowie vorläufige Evaluierungskriterien zur Bewertung von Designstudien beschreibt. Basierend auf diesem Vorgehen werden vier Forschungsfragen definiert, die die Untersuchung einleiten, wie Virtual Reality den Designprozess, Designmethoden, die Rolle von Designern und Design als Profession beeinflussen kann. Um dies zu ermöglichen, wird mit Hilfe von Experteninterviews ein ausgearbeitetes Set von Evaluierungskriterien zur Bewertung von Designstudien entwickelt und eine Benchmark-Studie durchgeführt, die die Eignung für die Verwendung von Virtual Reality in der gewählten Applikationsdomäne belegt. Anschließend werden fünf Designstudien im Bereich autonomer Mobilität für den öffentlichen Verkehr in Singapur durchgeführt, um die zuvor definierten Forschungsfragen zu untersuchen. Die fünf Designmethoden, die mit Virtual Reality kombiniert werden, sind heuristische Evaluation, Umfragen, Computer-Aided-Design Prototyping, Usability-Tests und Produktpräsentation. Für jede Designstudie wird die Entwicklung des VR Apparats sowie die Datenerhebung und der Test der Methode erläutert. Zusätzlich werden zwei konventionelle Designmethoden für eine anschließende vergleichende Analyse herangezogen. Nach der Definition der verfeinerten Bewertungskriterien, bestehend aus Sicherheit, Validität, Zeit und Kosten, Variabilität, Interaktivität, Immersion und Aufwand, wird die Eignung der Verwendung von Virtual Reality zur Datenerhebung in der vorliegenden Anwendungsdomäne bestätigt. Basierend auf den vorliegenden Untersuchungen wird die Virtual Design Toolbox vorgestellt. Die Toolbox besteht aus fünf Methodenkarten, die den Einsatz von Virtual Reality für Industriedesigner während der Produktentwicklung erklären und als Unterstützung für die erfolgreiche Entwicklung und Anwendung von Designmethoden mit dieser Technologie dienen. Die Fallstudien belegen, dass der Einsatz von Virtual Reality das Potenzial hat, den Designprozess zu beeinflussen, da divergentes und konvergentes Denken durch valide Datenerhebung, verringerten Zeit- und Kostenaufwand und erhöhte Variabilität gefördert wird. Die Rollen der beteiligten Designer verschoben sich in allen Designstudien von der Rolle des Konzepterstellers hin zum Koordinator und Moderator. Implikationen werden auf verschiedenen Ebenen abgeleitet, beginnend mit der Technologie von Virtual Reality, die ein zukünftiger Game-Changer für Forschung und Design sein könnte, gefolgt von der gesteigerten Motivation, an Designstudien teilzunehmen, der Notwendigkeit interdisziplinärer Teams, um die erforderliche Expertise zu etablieren, und schließlich der Integration von Virtual Reality in die Designausbildung. Der Einsatz von Virtual Reality im Design wird herkömmliche Designmethoden nicht ersetzen, hat jedoch das Potenzial, zu einem Paradigmenwechsel für das gesamte Berufsfeld des Designs zu führen. Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?https://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:91-diss-20211103-1612177-1-3 UR - https://www.researchgate.net/publication/356638451_The_Integration_of_Virtual_Reality_into_the_Design_Process UR - https://mediatum.ub.tum.de/?id=1612177 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Appelt, Andreas A1 - Fautz, Anna T1 - Optimierung Offenporiger Asphalte für Geh- und Radwegbereiche unter dem Aspekt der Schwammstadt N2 - Ansätze zur planerische und bautechnische Optimierungen von innerörtlichen Geh- und Radwegen mit Einsatz von Offenporigen Asphalten unter dem Aspekt der Schwammstadt Y1 - 2025 CY - Regensburg ER - TY - JOUR ED - Herrmann, Frank T1 - Production Scheduling and Planning in Manufacturing Systems T2 - Systems KW - planning hierarchy KW - lot-sizing KW - scheduling KW - machine learning, neuronal networks KW - (meta) heuristics Y1 - 2025 SN - 2079-8954 N1 - Die Ausgabe 'Production Scheduling and Planning in Manufacturing Systems' ist eine Spezialausgabe des Online-Journals 'Systems' mit Prof. Dr. Frank Herrmann als Gast-Editor. VL - 2025 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lehrer, Tobias A1 - Stocker, Philipp A1 - Duddeck, Fabian A1 - Wagner, Marcus T1 - Parametric CAD Models to Create an Infinite Number of Structural U-Shaped Sheet Metal Geometries [Data set] N2 - The U-Channel Software is a python package containing four parametric models of U-shaped Sheet metals. The parameters refer to geometric dimensions, angles, fillet radii. Using the models, one can generate an infinite number of U-shaped sheet metal geometries, e.g. as STEP files. The parametric models are inspired by real-world shapes. A feasibility check is provided to ensure plausiblity of the shapes. Further features of the code are creating images of the geometries and generating geometries and images in parallel. For more details, refer to the repository and associated publications. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.14191374 N1 - Repository URL: https://github.com/ToLe814/uchannel Programming language: Python Development Status: Active ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Rauch, Johannes A1 - Brückl, Oliver A1 - Engel, Bernd ED - Schulz, Detlef, T1 - Optimal Reactive Power Planning by covering deficient voltage demands with additional reactive power sources using a sensitivity approach T2 - NEIS 2023 : Conference on Sustainable Energy Supply and Energy Storage Systems, Hamburg, September 4 – 5, 2023 N2 - The determination of the optimal location, types and size of additional required reactive power sources is a main interest of Reactive Power Planning (RPP) investigations and of this paper. The planning problem addresses the maintenance of voltage stability, which is an ancillary service in Germany, and can be formulated as a mixed-integer optimization prob-lem. The aim of this work is a techno-economically efficient coverage of the deficient steady state voltage deviation demands (VDD) by placing new reactive power sources with adequate size or extending the reactive power potential of existing sources. An optimization model is set up to solve the planning problem by using load flow voltage sensitivities, which quantify and evaluate the technical efficiency of new reactive power sources in relation to the present voltage deviation demands. Operating and investment costs are used as economic decision parameters. Within an application example, which is carried out with an exemplary transmission system, the solution of the planning problem is discussed. KW - reactive power planning KW - voltage control KW - optimal power flow KW - sensitivity analysis KW - system planning Y1 - 2023 UR - https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10556672 SN - 978-3-8007-6134-0 SP - 223 EP - 230 PB - VDE Verlag CY - Berlin ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hinterreiter, Marion A1 - Brückl, Oliver A1 - Rauch, Johannes ED - Technische Universität München, T1 - Challenges and Approaches for Long-Term Reactive Power Forecasting in Power Systems T2 - PESS 2025 – IEEE Power and Energy Student Summit, October 08 – 10, 2025 in Munich, Germany N2 - The transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources is driving profound changes across all voltage levels of the electrical grid, altering active power (P) as well as reactive power (Q) behavior. This transformation involves a shift from predominantly top-down, unidirectional electricity flows to bidirectional and increasingly complex flow patterns, fundamentally altering the operation and utilization of power systems. Many countries are already reporting notable changes in their transmission grid Q. This can lead to increased costs for grid expansion and compensation equipment, as well as grid losses. To minimize these losses and ensure grid stability and efficiency, understanding and forecasting Q long-term becomes essential. This paper addresses the challenges of long-term (1-20 years) Q forecasting in general by analyzing Q behavior in grids, the main influencing grid parameters, and reviewing existing forecasting approaches. It evaluates the applicability of these approaches and highlights current research gaps and trends. By focusing on this underexplored area, the paper aims to support the development of more advanced and reliable long-term Q forecasting techniques. KW - reactive power KW - forecasting KW - long-term KW - network models Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-8007-6656-7 SP - 109 EP - 114 PB - VDE Verlag ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hinterreiter, Marion A1 - Brückl, Oliver A1 - Rauch, Johannes ED - Schulz, Detlef T1 - Methodology for long-term reactive power forecasts of medium-voltage grids T2 - NEIS 2025 : Conference on Sustainable Energy Supply and Energy Storage Systems, Hamburg, September 15 – 16, 2025 N2 - Understanding and assessing the long-term behavior of reactive power is crucial for power system planning and invest-ment decisions. This is particularly growing relevant for the lower voltage-grid levels, which are gaining importance due to significant changes in grid behavior, operational strategies, energy generation and consumption patterns. Currently, standardized methodologies for forecasting reactive power in medium-voltage grids are lacking, creating a gap in research and practical applications. To optimize grid investments and expansions, informed decisions based on reliable research and accurate forecasts are essential. This paper presents a methodology for long-term reactive power forecasting in me-dium-voltage grids, introducing a new approach to account for low- and medium-voltage grid interactions while address-ing common challenges like limited available grid data and scenario framework definition. The aim of the forecast is the future reactive power behaviour of a medium-voltage-grid at the high-voltage side of the high-voltage to medium-voltage transformer. The medium-voltage-level is modelled using a grid model approach, while low-voltage grids are being mod-elled using generic distribution grids. A 209-bus medium-voltage-grid model is used as an application example and to provide two exemplary use cases for a reactive power forecast for 2045. KW - reactive power KW - forecasting KW - long-term KW - medium-voltage level KW - grid level interaction Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-8007-6633-8 SP - 218 EP - 223 PB - VDE Verlag ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Stadler, Andreas A1 - Kraus, Hermann A1 - Brückl, Oliver ED - Technische Universität München, T1 - Proposing an Optimization Model for a techno-economic Evaluation of Energy Storage Systems T2 - PESS 2025 – IEEE Power and Energy Student Summit, October 08 – 10, 2025 in Munich, Germany N2 - During the global energy crisis in 2022, electricity prices increased drastically. This lead, together with an overall higher price volatility to possibly higher electrical energy storage system (ESS) profitability. To test if the investment in an ESS can now be more profitable, an approach for a techno-economic evaluation of ESS is presented in this paper, using an optimization algorithm to determine the optimal way of covering a load flow profile with electricity trading products on the electricity market with and without the use of an energy storage system. The cost differences between using or not using the storage system are assumed to be the profits of the ESS, which must exceed the (interest-bearing) investment costs over its lifetime. The correct way of operation of the optimization model is validated and several storage sizes and capacities as well as several years of the electricity market data was analyzed, once with a perfect forecast of all prices of the electricity trading products and once with a forecast based on the previous years purchasing strategy. The results show that, using the prognosis and a 2 % p.a. interest rate, only the storage combinations for 2.5 MWh/ 2.5 MW and 1 MWh/ 1 MW show profitability in 2023, whereas 2017 and 2020 show no profitability. KW - energy storage systems KW - techno economic evaluation KW - electricity trading KW - optimization KW - ess profitability Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-8007-6656-7 SP - 97 EP - 102 PB - VDE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Uhl, Julius A1 - Schamel, Marco A1 - Achhammer, Anton A1 - Sterner, Michael T1 - Sustainable Steel Production in the Desert: Economic and Technical Assessment of a Hydrogen-Powered Steel Plant in Mauritania T2 - 2025 IEEE PES/IAS PowerAfrica, 28 September - 02 October 2025, Cairo N2 - The global steel industry is a major contributor to climate change and faces challenges in achieving a carbon-neutral production, hinging on the availability of cost-effective hydrogen produced by renewable energy. Mauritania, with its exceptional solar and wind resources, offers some of the most competitive conditions globally for hydrogen production. Instead of focusing on hydrogen exports, this study explores the technical feasibility and economic viability of establishing a renewable-powered steel plant in Mauritania, utilizing the country’s abundant iron ore reserves. The findings suggest that sustainably produced steel in Mauritania could be cost-competitive with current European prices. With ongoing declines in investment costs for emerging renewable technologies, Mauritania has the potential to become one of the world’s most cost-effective steel producers. KW - hydrogen KW - green steel KW - Mauritania KW - sustainable steel KW - hydrogen integration Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/PowerAfrica65840.2025.11289120 PB - IEEE ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sittl, Christopher A1 - Marburg, Steffen A1 - Deckers, Elke A1 - Wagner, Marcus T1 - Model order reduction for unbounded second-order vibroacoustic systems using infinite elements and Dirichlet-to-Neumann map JF - Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering N2 - This work addresses the efficient numerical simulation of time-harmonic vibroacoustic problems in unbounded domains, with a focus on fluid-structure interaction. The underlying mathematical model is a second-order dynamical system arising from the coupling of structural and acoustic domains, incorporating material damping effects, relevant in structural acoustics and noise control applications. A central novelty of the proposed method is its unified computational framework that supports two distinct strategies for treating unbounded fluid domains: (1) non-local absorbing boundary conditions based on Dirichlet-to-Neumann map, and (2) infinite elements, which extend the computational domain rather than truncate it. Both approaches are integrated into a consistent formulation that enables flexible and accurate modeling of exterior wave propagation. To efficiently evaluate frequency-domain transfer functions, the method employs model order reduction using the Padé-via-Lanczos technique. While this algorithm typically targets first-order systems, the present approach uses a Schur complement strategy to reduce the second-order system in a way that maintains computational efficiency and storage requirements comparable to first-order formulations. Importantly, the framework seamlessly embeds both interior structural damping and the additional dissipation introduced by the acoustic-domain truncation into the model-order reduction process. The exterior acoustic field is represented via spherical harmonic expansions, with expansion coefficients computed from the reduced system. Numerical results demonstrate the method’s accuracy, efficiency, and scalability, making it well-suited for high-fidelity vibroacoustic analysis in unbounded domains. KW - Lanczos algorithm KW - Krylov-subspace projection KW - Dirichlet-to-Neumann map KW - Infinite elements KW - Padé approximation KW - Fluid-structure interaction KW - Acoustics KW - Spherical harmonics Y1 - 2026 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cma.2026.118846 VL - 453 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Finckh, Wolfgang A1 - Kreutz, Johannes A1 - Eberth, Florian T1 - Brückenverstärkung mit geklebter Bewehrung N2 - Dieses Buch widmet sich der Verstärkung von Stahlbeton- und Spannbetonbrücken mit geklebter Bewehrung. Dazu werden zunächst die verschieden Verstärkungsgründe für Brücken sowie deren Beanspruchungsarten vorgestellt. Danach werden die Anwendungsmöglichkeiten der geklebten Bewehrung vorgestellt und die rechnerischen Herausforderungen sowie der Lösungsmöglichkeiten erläutert. Im nächsten Kapitel wird vertieft auf die rechnerischen Besonderheiten von Spannbetonverstärkungen mit geklebter Bewehrung eingegangen. Da für die Verbundnachweise der geklebten Bewehrung im Brückenbau einen Betriebsfestigkeit notwendig ist, wird dieser zunächst am Stahlbetonbauteil erläutert. Danach werden die erforderlichen Ermüdungsnachweise für aufgeklebte und eingeklebte Bewehrung im Brückenbau behandelt. Abschließend wird noch ein Verfahren vorgestellt, wie spannungsrisskorrosionsgefährdete Bauteile verstärkt werden können. Die im Buch vorgestellten theoretischen Grundlagen werden anhand zahlreicher Abbildungen verdeutlicht. Zu jedem Thema sind zum besseren Verständnis umfangreiche Bemessungsbeispiele mit Praxisbezug enthalten. KW - Brückenverstärkung KW - CFK-Lamellen KW - Spannbetonverstärkung KW - eingeklebte Bewehrung KW - aufgeklebte Bewehrung Y1 - 2025 SN - 9783658492571 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-49258-8 PB - Springer Vieweg CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Finckh, Wolfgang T1 - Mit Stabwerkmodellen zur Bewehrungsführung: Detailnachweise im Stahlbetonbau T3 - erfolgreich studieren N2 - Aufbauend auf den Grundlagen des Stahlbetonbaus wird in diesem Lehrbuch das Konzept der Bemessung von Stahlbetonkonstruktionen mittels Stabwerkmodellen erläutert. Dieses Bemessungskonzept wird insbesondere im Bereich der Detailnachweise und bei gedrungenen Tragwerken im Stahlbetonbau benötigt. Neben der generellen Modellbildung und Nachweismethodik werden auch die üblichen Modelle und Nachweise für häufig vorkommende Details vorgestellt. Hierbei werden insbesondere Krafteinleitungsbereiche, Konsolen, ausgeklinkte Auflager, Rahmenknoten, Querschnittssprünge, Trägeröffnungen, Wandartige Träger, Köcherfundamente und Pfahlkopfplatte detailliert behandelt. Die im Lehrbuch vorgestellten theoretische Grundlagen werden anhand zahlreicher Abbildungen erläuterten. In jedem Kapitel sind zum besseren Verständnis umfangreiche Bemessungsbeispiele mit Praxisbezug enthalten. KW - Stabwerk KW - Stabwerksmodelle KW - Stabkräfte KW - Zugkräfte KW - Druckkräfte KW - Konsolen KW - Auflager KW - Abgesetzte Auflager KW - Stegöffnungen KW - Wandartige Träger Y1 - 2025 SN - 9783658488550 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-48856-7 SN - 2524-8693 PB - Springer Fachmedien CY - Wiesbaden ET - 2. Auflage ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schiek, Roland A1 - Solntsev, Alexander S. A1 - Neshev, Dragomir N. T1 - Measurement of the cubic nonlinear susceptibility in lithium niobate JF - Optical Materials Express N2 - We measured the cubic nonlinear susceptibility tensor elements ( χ(3)) for polarization along the primary crystallographic axis in titanium-indiffused lithium niobate waveguides, assessed through self-phase modulation using picosecond-duration pulses at telecommunication wavelengths. A dominant, highly temperature- and wavelength-dependent contribution from a cascaded second-order nonlinearity is observed. Through careful extraction of the cascaded effect, we quantify the intrinsic third-order susceptibility tensor elements as χ(3) zzzz(ω; ω, ω, −ω) = (5.2 ± 1.3) × 10−21 m2 V2 and χ(3) xxxx(ω; ω, ω, −ω) = χ(3) yyyy(ω; ω, ω, −ω) = (3.6 ± 0.8) × 10−21 m2 V2 . These measurements underscore the substantial impact of the cascaded nonlinearity in enhancing the effective cubic nonlinearity in lithium niobate and offer precise values essential for the design of nonlinear photonic devices. Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-88746 SN - 2159-3930 N1 - Corresponding author der OTH Regensburg: Schiek, Roland VL - 15 IS - 5 SP - 1100 EP - 1117 PB - Optica Publishing Group ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Linner, Thomas A1 - de Soto, Borja García A1 - El-Mahdy, Deena A1 - Gonzalez, Vicente A. T1 - Topical collection: robotic solutions for digitally enabled production processes in construction JF - Construction Robotics N2 - Across the global construction sector, a new generation of robotic systems is rapidly entering the market. Solutions for on-site drilling, spraying, masonry, logistics, and finishing are now being piloted at an unprecedented pace. Their deployment in emerging construction robotics hubs in Singapore, Hong Kong, Canada, Dubai, Abu Dhabi, Egypt, Denmark, Switzerland, and Germany demonstrates both the momentum of this technological shift and the considerable challenges that remain. In real-world testing environments, the integration of these robots into digital construction pipelines—particularly BIM-to-robot workflows, semantic task modeling, and robust digital twins—continues to be a bottleneck. These challenges position digitally enabled fabrication and robotics as a priority topic within academia, motivating research on methods, techniques, algorithms, and workflows that can accelerate adoption in construction. This Topical Collection brings together research spanning the emerging landscape of digitally enabled construction robotics. The contributions advance robotic fabrication, from flexible timber processes to innovative formwork, reinforcement, and earth-based additive methods, alongside computer vision, BIM integration, and sensing approaches that improve monitoring and quality assurance. The collection also includes mobile and aerial systems for inspection and mapping to support system autonomy in construction. Together, these works show how integrated perception, planning, and sociotechnical understanding of human–robot collaboration are becoming essential for reliable robotic performance in construction. While current construction robots still focus on simple, structured tasks, the advances in this topical collection point toward a more capable generation. Contributions outline principles for robot-compatible buildings through new fabrication logics and BIM-linked task data, while work on perception, BIM integration, and data fusion reduces interoperability gaps. Research on sensing and adaptive processes supports more consistent workflows, and mobile and aerial robotics provide insights for deployment and site logistics. Collectively, these developments show how digitally enabled production processes can help to overcome key systemic barriers and enable future, scalable construction robotics. Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-88763 SN - 2509-811X N1 - Corresponding author der OTH Regensburg: Linner, Thomas VL - 10 PB - Springer ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weindler, Jeremy A1 - Dawoud, Belal T1 - Experimental investigation of a small-scale continuous flow ohmic heating reactor for a highly effective conversion of renewable electricity surpluses into heat JF - Applied Thermal Engineering N2 - Sector coupling is expected to play a decisive role as a key technology to realize the energy transition towards green energy supply. This work introduces, therefore, a comprehensive experimental study on a new power-to-heat system based on the continuous-flow, ohmic heating principle, which aims at utilizing renewable electricity in green processes. The ohmic heating technology, which is widely applied in the food industry, has been adapted and evaluated for delivering heat and domestic hot water to a single-family house. The introduced prototype is designed to convert renewable electricity into heat in the power range between 1000 and 3000 W with a typical electrical household installation (230 V, 50 Hz and 16 A fuse). A dedicated test rig has been developed and a comprehensive experimental campaign has been carried out to investigate the performance of the introduced system under typical operating conditions of a single-family house. Both the conversion efficiency and the dynamics of the thermal response of the introduced system have been assessed. It turned out that, the temperature lift between the return and supply of the reactor, and consequently, the conversion efficiency of electrical into thermal energy, are independent on the return temperature, for a fixed value of the volume flow rate of the electrolyte solution. A remarkable steady-state conversion efficiency of 97.5% has been measured. In addition, the dynamic response of the ohmic heating system has been found to be strongly dependent on the desired temperature lift. By an implemented controller, 95% of the steady state temperature lift of 44.5 K can be realized in 50 s, which marks an exceptionally rapid thermal response. The obtained results pave the way towards a field test study of the developed technology in a real household installation as well as to extend the focus on new fields such as green chemical processes. KW - renewable energy KW - Ohmic-heating KW - Power-to-heat KW - Sector coupling KW - Energy surpluses Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2024.122401 SN - 1359-4311 N1 - Corresponding author der OTH Regensburg: Dawoud, Belal VL - 242 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weindler, Jeremy A1 - Lehner, Hannes A1 - Eckstein, Johannes A1 - Dawoud, Belal T1 - Performance assessment of a green hydrogen-based household energy system supported by a battery storage at different resolutions of the electrical load profile JF - International Journal of Hydrogen Energy N2 - Hydrogen deems quite suitable for medium- and long-term energy storage of surplus renewable electricity. Nowadays, all-in-one solutions consisting of an electrolyzer, a compressor, pressurized hydrogen storage tanks, a fuel cell (FC) and the necessary peripheral components are available for single family houses. This work presents a comparative assessment of the system’s key performance indicators in a household system with three market available FCs with the nominal powers of 0.8, 1.4 and 7.8 kW. The design tool developed for the assessment of the hybrid energy system along with two energy management system configurations are introduced. An electrochemical and thermal model widely applied in the literature is used to model the FCs, which is validated against the available experimental data in the literature for all three FCs. The influence of the FCs’ nominal power, their power dynamic operation range, the use of a battery storage with different capacities and the load profile’s resolution have been technically assessed regarding the system’s self-sufficiency (SS), the FC’s efficiency, full-load operating hours, and number of on/off cycles. It turned out that, the system performance is strongly dependent on the nominal power of the FC and its power dynamic operation range. If no battery-storage is applied, the complete grid independence is not possible, and a high resolution of the load profile is indispensable in the assessment of the system design. A hybrid energy system comprising the 1.4 kW FC, a PV system of 10 kW peak power and a battery of 15 kW storage capacity showed a degree of SS of 98%. The number of the full-load operating hours and on/off cycles of that FC amount to 768 and 116 cycles, respectively. Such promising results are referred to the high dynamic operation range of the battery, and its high discharge power capacity, which makes it more suitable to cover a remarkably higher fraction of the load deficit, if compared to a system without a battery. KW - Hybrid energy storage KW - Battery KW - Hydrogen KW - Fuel cell KW - PV KW - Load profile resolution Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-88788 SN - 0360-3199 N1 - Corresponding author der OTH Regensburg: Dawoud, Belal VL - 144 SP - 30 EP - 41 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gutbrod, Max A1 - Rauber, David A1 - Weber Nunes, Danilo A1 - Palm, Christoph T1 - OpenMIBOOD's classification models for the MIDOG, PhaKIR, and OASIS-3 benchmarks [Data set] N2 - These models are provided for evaluating post-hoc out-of-distribution methods on the three OpenMIBOOD benchmarks: MIDOG, PhaKIR, and OASIS-3. When using these models, make sure to give appropriate credit and cite the OpenMIBOOD publication. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14982267 N1 - Software Repository URL https://github.com/remic-othr/OpenMIBOOD ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gutbrod, Max A1 - Rauber, David A1 - Weber Nunes, Danilo A1 - Palm, Christoph T1 - Cropped single instrument frames subset from Cholec80 [Data set] N2 - This dataset is a subset of the original Cholec80 dataset and is used by the OpenMIBOOD framework to evaluate a specific out-of-distribution setting. When using this dataset, it is mandatory to cite the corresponding publication (OpenMIBOOD) and to follow the acknowledgement and citation requirements of the original dataset (Cholec80). The original Cholec80 dataset (associated paper,Homepage) consists of 80 cholecystectomy surgery videos recorded at 25 fps, performed by 13 surgeons. It includes phase annotations (25 fps) and tool presence labels (1 fps), with phase definitions provided by a senior surgeon. A tool is considered present if at least half of its tip is visible. The dataset categorizes tools into seven types: Grasper, Bipolar, Hook, Scissors, Clipper, Irrigator, and Specimen bag. Multiple tools may be present in each frame. Additionally, 76 of the 80 videos exhibit a strong black vignette. For this dataset subset, frames were extracted based on tool presence labels, selecting only those containing Grasper, Bipolar, Hook, or Clipper while ensuring that only a single tool appears per frame. To enhance visual consistency, the black vignette was removed by extracting an inner rectangular region, where applicable. KW - Tool Presence Detection KW - Cholecystectomy KW - Laparoscopic KW - Deep Learning KW - Out-Of-Distribution Detection Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14921670 N1 - Related works Is derived from Journal article: 10.1109/TMI.2016.2593957 Software Repository URL https://github.com/remic-othr/OpenMIBOOD ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kriegl, Raphael T1 - Sessile droplet fitting (Version v1.0b) [Data set] Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7464158 N1 - Related works: is supplement to https://github.com/rk-exxec/sessile_droplet_fitting/tree/v1.0b (URL) ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Finckh, Wolfgang A1 - Aicher, Magdalena T1 - Vergleich verschiedener Berechnungsverfahren von Pfahlkopfplatten N2 - Der Bericht beschäftigt sich mit dem Vergleich verschiedener Berechnungsverfahren zur Bemessung von Pfahlkopfplatten. Im Rahmen eines konkreten Berechnungsbeispiels, werden das klassisch ebene Stabwerkmodell, ein räumliches Stabwerkmodell und eine computergestützte Berechnungsmethode mittels der 3D-Detail-Anwendung von IDEA StatiCa angewendet und im Anschluss analysiert und miteinander verglichen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass ebene Stabwerkmodelle auch bei räumlichem Tragverhalten eine wirtschaftliche Bemessung ermöglichen können. Durch ihre idealisierten Annahmen eigenen sie sich besonders für eine effiziente Vorbemessung bei vergleichsweise geringem Aufwand. Demgegenüber erfassen räumliche Stabwerkmodelle den Kraftfluss deutlich präziser, erlauben die realitätsnahe Identifikation kritischer Beanspruchungszonen und berücksichtigen komplexe Tragmechanismen. Der erhöhte Modellierungsaufwand sowie die eingeschränkte normative Grundlage führen jedoch zu konservativen Annahmen, insbesondere bei der Bemessung räumlicher Knotenbereiche. Mit der 3D-Detail-Anwendung bietet IDEA StatiCa ein sehr genaues, umfangreiches und norm-gerechtes Bemessungstool für Diskontinuitätsbereiche. Die grafische Aufbereitung der Ergebnisse ist übersichtlich gestaltet, jedoch bleiben die zugrundeliegenden Rechenschritte für den Anwender kaum nachvollziehbar. Da es sich um eine noch junge Software handelt, ist auch die Verfügbarkeit von Fachinformation, insbesondere zur Fehlerdiagnose oder bei Anwendungsfragen, derzeit noch eingeschränkt. Insgesamt weisen alle untersuchten Methoden spezifische Vor- und Nachteile auf. Zum Zeitpunkt dieser Arbeit erscheint eine Kombination aus einer Vorbemessung mit ebener Stabwerkmodellen und eine anschließende räumliche Bemessung mittels IDEA StatiCa als sinnvoll. Für die wirtschaftliche Anwendung räumlicher Stabwerkmodelle besteht weiterhin Entwicklungsbedarf, insbesondere hinsichtlich standardisierter Knotentypen und deren praktikabler Bemessung. Y1 - 2026 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-88708 CY - Regensburg ER - TY - THES A1 - Paric, Ivan T1 - Erfassung und in situ Aussteuerung der rheologischen Eigenschaften von SVB N2 - Diese Arbeit diskutiert den Einsatz eines neuen rheologischen Messsystems. Die rheologischen Untersuchungen finden unmittelbar nach der Herstellung im Mischer statt. Mischungen verschiedener SVB-Rezepturen wurden mit variierenden w/z-Werten hergestellt. Die einzelnen rheologischen Messergebnisse liefern aneinandergereiht Kennlinien. Solche Kennlinien erlauben die zahlenmäßige Definition einer angestrebten Konsistenz. Zusätzlich wurden Kennlinien mit Fließmitteln und Stabilisierern generiert. Diese Kennlinien bilden eine Art Wissensdatenbank für die untersuchte Rezeptur. Ein neu entwickelter Algorithmus kann die rheologischen Messwerte einer aktuellen Mischung mit der jeweiligen Wissensdatenbank vergleichen. Bei Abweichungen von der angestrebten Konsistenz berechnet das Aussteuerungssystem die Art und Menge einer zusätzlich erforderlichen Komponente. Versuchsserien an SVBs mit abweichender Konsistenz belegen die erfolgreichen Aussteuerungen mit Wasser oder Zusatzmittel. KW - Selbstverdichtender Beton KW - Rheologie KW - Konsistenz KW - Viskosität KW - Fließgrenze Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:294-104639 CY - Bochum ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kraus, Richard A1 - Knipfer, Maximilian A1 - Jacob, Matthias A1 - Kienninger, Baerbel A1 - Alikhani, Jasmine A1 - Ghamsary, Parham Heydarzadeh A1 - Reinker, Lukas A1 - Adler, Ina A1 - Dendorfer, Sebastian A1 - Kieninger, Martin T1 - Effectiveness and safety of techniques for cervical spine immobilization in mountain rescue JF - Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine N2 - Background Cervical spine injuries in alpine sports require immediate immobilization at the site of the accident to avoid possible secondary damage caused by transportation. Using special sensor technology, this study investigated whether a cervical spine orthosis (cervical collar, Stifneck collar (Laerdal Medical GmbH, Puchheim, Germany)) provides greater stability than a vacuum mattress alone. Methods Using one male test person, we simulated transporting a patient with a spinal injury in steep alpine terrain. A wireless motion capture system (Xsens Technologies, Movella™ Inc., Henderson, USA) was used to record motion in three-dimensional space within a standardized environment. All tests were performed on a set course by the Bavarian Mountain Rescue Service. The test person lay on a mountain rescue stretcher and was immobilized with a vacuum mattress, either with or without a cervical orthosis. The axes of cervical spine movements were analyzed separately. Results There were no significant differences between immobilization with and without a cervical orthosis with regard to lateral flexion (max. 3.7° compared to 3.0°) in the frontal plane and maximum excursion in flexion (max. 1.6° compared to 2.8°) or extension (max. -1.6° compared to -1.7°). There was significantly greater rotation movement around the craniocaudal axis without an orthosis (max. 2.4° compared to 1.3°). Conclusion During mountain rescues, the cervical spine can be immobilized without a rigid cervical spine orthosis. Future research should explore the fundamental benefits of cervical spine immobilization, while the findings of this work contribute to the safe care of patients by avoiding the disadvantages associated with rigid cervical orthoses. KW - Mountain rescue KW - Orthosis KW - Cervical spine KW - Immobilization KW - Vacuum mattress Y1 - 2026 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s13049-025-01530-z VL - 34 PB - Springer ER - TY - GEN A1 - Michel, Johanna A1 - Krenkel, Lars T1 - Experimental Investigation of Shear-Induced Generation of Respiratory Aerosol: Simultaneous Measurements of Particle Quantities and Wave Topology T2 - 2nd European Fluid Dynamics Conference (EFDC2), 26-29 August 2025, Dublin, Ireland N2 - Despite the high level of attention on infectious respiratory aerosol during the Covid19 pandemic, little is known about the processes how these particles form inside the respiratory system. Understanding the underlying fluid mechanical processes and their influencing factors would enable the development of drugs to suppress the generation of infectious aerosol. In the proposed work, we focus on the shear-induced mechanism of aerosol generation, which is supposed to occur mostly in the larger airways during coughing. In this process, high air velocities trigger Kelvin-Helmholtz waves in the mucus film, which lines the air vessels. Through a series of instabilities, particles detach from the crest of these waves. In the proposed work, we investigate the process of shear-induced aerosol generation in idealized experiments where we vary the air-flow characteristics and the properties of the mucus fluid. Our central aim here is to deduct an empirical model of the quantity and size distribution of generated particles depending on the mucus rheology and the local shear flow. Further, we observe the wave topology to better understand the coupling between the air flow and the waves. In our experimental setup, we measure the quantity of created particles and the emerging waves simultaneously. To ensure controllable conditions, we simplify the complex flow conditions in the airways. We use a rectangular channel with the bottom wall covered in a mucus mimetic. The mucus mimetic fluid is a synthetic hydrogel developed to recreate the viscoelastic properties and low surface tensions of the mucus. Filtered pressurized air is guided through the channel to trigger shear-induced aerosol generation. After passing the mucus mimetic, the air enters into a collection chamber from where particles are sampled continuously by an aerosol spectrometer. To measure wave topology, we use planar laser induced fluorescence. For this, we stain the mucus mimetic with fluorescent dyes and illuminate a line on the surface of the fluid film with a 532 nm laser. A high-resolution camera captures the resulting fluorescent glow of the mucus mimetic. Figure 1 presents exemplary wave topology results from the experiments, employing varying air flow volume rates, mucus mimetic gel properties, and different configurations of the laser and camera. The resulting wave topologies exhibit significant variation. For the conference, we will conduct parameter studies of the particle quantities and wave topology while varying the mucus mimetic properties and the flow rate of the air. Additionally, we will present grid projection-based techniques to extend the single-line wave measurements and asses the entire surface of the mucus film. Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-88593 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Galka, Stefan A1 - Strassburger, Steffen A1 - Lang, Sebastian A1 - Reggelin, Tobias ED - Bui, Tung T1 - Introduction to the Minitrack on Simulation Modeling and Digital Twins for Decision Making in the Age of Industry 4.0 T2 - Proceedings of the 57th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS), January3-6, 2024, Honolulu, Hawaii N2 - The minitrack contains contributions with a focus on simulation modeling and digital twins and decision making in the context of Industry 4.0. The use of simulation models and digital twins is manifold, from planning to virtual commission and real-time operational decision support. Cyber-physical systems integrate the real world and the virtual world to enable decision making in the age of Industry 4.0. For example, customer decisions and supply disruptions which directly influence manufacturing and logistics systems require immediate decisions. Thus, models must have the capability to support decision making in manufacturing as well as in internal and external logistics in real-time. Methods include discrete-event simulation, discrete-rate simulation, hybrid simulation, system dynamics simulation, the combination of simulation modeling with machine learning or optimization heuristics, prescriptive analytics, and adaptive systems. Furthermore, this minitrack addresses simulation education and simulation models used for education and training in manufacturing and logistics. Y1 - 2024 SN - 978-0-9981331-7-1 U6 - https://doi.org/10.24251/HICSS.2024.206 SP - 1647 EP - 1648 PB - ScholarSpace ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Bock, Sebastian A1 - Schwarz, Philipp A1 - Weiß, Martin Georg ED - Yang, Xin-She T1 - U-Shape Phenomenon with Gaussian Noise and Clipped Inputs T2 - Proceedings of Eighth International Congress on Information and Communication Technology. - (ICICT 2023, London, Volume 3) N2 - Object detection and recognition is a core task in machine vision. Both the position and the rotation of the objects are of interest. Common algorithms for object recognition based on neural networks use a regression formulation and are aimed at changing environments. In industrial applications, the setting is different: One would like to determine with high accuracy, the pose of known objects. We are investigating a prototype application in this field, where we identify the rotation of an object in a plane. We use common network architectures and provide an overview of how well they are suited for this purpose. In addition, we compare our results with standard image processing algorithms, paying particular attention to the accuracy with metrics relevant in the industry. Moreover, an U-shape phenomenon with disturbed data occurred during the experiments, which is partially explained analytically. KW - Neural networks KW - Pose estimation KW - U-shape Y1 - 2023 SN - 978-981-99-3042-5 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-3043-2_45 SP - 569 EP - 579 PB - Springer CY - Singapore ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zellner, Gregor T1 - Ein Grundriss der Wissenschaftsdisziplin Wirtschaftsinformatik JF - BIT Banking and Information Technology N2 - Dieser Beitrag gibt einen Grundriss der Wissenschaftsdisziplin Wirtschaftsinformatik (WI) und ihrer Entwicklung. Hierzu wird zunächst der Gegenstand der WI näher betrachtet, nämlich die Informationssysteme. Dann wird erläutert, welche Ziele die WI verfolgt. Da WI ein interdisziplinäres Fach ist, werden anschließend die bestimmenden Basiswissenschaften der WI im Rahmen des Grundsystems der Wissenschaften dargestellt. Dabei wird deutlich, dass der Einfluss unterschiedlicher Disziplinen den Methodenpluralismus in der WI befördert. Im Beitrag werden die zwei grundlegenden Forschungsparadigmen in Form des verhaltensorientierten und des gestaltungsorientierten Ansatzes näher betrachtet. Nach einem kurzen Einblick in die zeitliche Entwicklung der deutschsprachigen WI werden die Themen-und Tätigkeitsfelder der WI näher erörtert. Abschließend wird ein Ausblick auf die Herausforderungen in der WI gegeben. KW - Wissenschaftsdisziplin Wirtschaftsinformatik Y1 - 2024 VL - Band 25, März 2024 IS - 1 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ortner, Martina A1 - Kökten, Rabia T1 - Rechtsextremismus transnational betrachtet : das Forschungsprojekt zur Ülkücü-Bewegung in Bayern stellt sich vor JF - RadiX – Zeitschrift für Radikalisierungsforschung und Prävention N2 - Deutschland ist eine postmigrantische Gesellschaft. Die damit einhergehende Pluralität beschränkt sich nicht nur auf Herkünfte und Biografien, sondern spiegelt sich auch in Lebensentwürfen und politischen Einstellungen wider, die nicht nur demokratisch, sondern menschenverachtend-völkisch und antidemokratisch sein können. Im Projekt ReTra geht es darum, mehr über Strukturen, Akteur:innen und Aktivitäten von türkischen extrem rechten Organisationen in Bayern zu erfahren. Dabei wird der Einfluss von politischen Veränderungen in der Türkei miteinbezogen. Das Projekt leistet einen Beitrag zur Rechtsextremismusforschung unter Berücksichtigung sich aufspannender transnationaler sozialer Räume. Die qualitative Studie wird ergänzt durch einen partizipativen Forschungsansatz, in dem zivilgesellschaftlich Aktive als Co-Forschende einbezogen werden. Fortlaufend wird die Fachdiskussion mit einschlägigen Wissenschaftler:innen geführt. So entsteht ein Netzwerk, durch das ein kontinuierlicher Forschungs-Praxis Austausch ermöglicht wird. Durch eine Handreichung leistet das Projekt einen Beitrag für die zivilgesellschaftliche Praxis und darüber hinaus für ein demokratisches Miteinander. Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-84211 SN - 2944-1382 N1 - Online First-Beitrag VL - 1 IS - 2 PB - Verlag Barbara Budrich ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zellner, Gregor A1 - Paul, Dennis T1 - Ein strukturierter Vergleich ausgewählter Process Mining Tools JF - BIT Banking and Information Technology N2 - Die Notwendigkeit zur Optimierung und Automatisierung von Ablaufen in Unternehmen nimmt mit zunehmender Digitalisierung an Fahrt auf. Zur Unterstützung dieses Trends haben sich in den letzten Jahren einige Tools im Themenbereich Process Mining entwickelt und etabliert. Ziel dieser Untersuchung ist es, systematisch ausgewählte Tools anhand eines vorhandenen, aber weiterentwickelten Kriterienkatalogs zu vergleichen und damit dem Anwender eine strukturierte Einsicht in den aktuellen Markt der Process Mining Tools zu geben. Aus einer Auswahl von 44 Tools werden acht Tools genauer untersucht. Die letztendliche Auswahl hängt von vielen unternehmensindividuellen Faktoren ab, so dass kein pauschaler Vorschlag für das geeignetste Tool gegeben werden kann. KW - Process Mining KW - Vergleich KW - Tools Y1 - 2023 VL - Band 24, Oktober 2023 IS - 2 ER - TY - THES A1 - Eigenberger, Andreas T1 - Die Auswirkungen der mechanischen Kräfte eines innovativen Operationsverfahrens für die intraoperative Gewebezubereitung bei autologem Fetttransfer auf das Fettgewebe und dessen Stammzellen Y1 - 2024 SP - 235 Blätter CY - Regensburg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Empacher, Christina A1 - Kamps, Udo A1 - Schmiedt, Anja Bettina T1 - Prediction intervals for future Pareto record claims JF - European Actuarial Journal N2 - Stochastic models and methods for quantifying extreme events are of interest in numerous disciplines. Within this paper, statistical prediction of extreme claims or losses in insurance industry is considered based on upper record values, which describe successively largest observations in a sequence of data over time. The problem of predicting a future record value (here in particular, a future record claim) based on a sequence of previously observed record values (here, past record claims) is addressed by means of prediction intervals. For an underlying Pareto distribution, respective exact and approximate intervals from the literature are summarized and modified and new ones are developed. In a simulation study, these prediction intervals are evaluated and compared regarding coverage frequency and length. The impact of the number of observed record values as well as the choice of the Pareto distribution is discussed. In the case of a small number of record values, the use of k-th record values is considered as an option for statistical analyses to predict, e.g., second largest record claims. Selected prediction methods are applied to several real data sets, which turn out to perform well and to be able to capture the magnitude of future record claims, even for fairly small numbers of record observations. For comparison, generalized Pareto distributions are fitted to real data sets and a corresponding point predictor as well as a respective upper prediction interval for the next record to appear are derived and evaluated. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s13385-024-00397-1 SN - 2190-9733 VL - 15 IS - 1 SP - 163 EP - 197 PB - Springer ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Schuhegger, Lukas A1 - Galka, Stefan T1 - Herausforderungen von produzierenden Startups N2 - Startups bringen mit ihrer Dynamik und neuen innovativen Geschäftsmodellen frischen Wind in die deutsche Unternehmenslandschaft. Die disruptiven Ansätze gestalten die Zukunft und damit geraten sie immer weiter in den Fokus, unter anderem auch für Investoren. Das Ziel der Studie ist es, Zusammenhänge zwischen Herausforderungen und Eigenschaften von produzierenden Startups darzulegen. Dieses Wissen soll an andere Startups weitergegeben werden, um die Erfolgschancen in der Gründerszene zu erhöhen. Im Juli 2021 wurde hierzu eine Umfrage entworfen, um die Erfahrungen von Gründern und Startup-Mitarbeitern zu sammeln und die spezifischen Herausforderungen besser zu verstehen. KW - Unternehmensgründung KW - Produktion KW - Studie KW - Logistik KW - Herausforderungen KW - Herausforderung bei der Gründung KW - Technologie Start-ups KW - Hochlauf KW - Phasenmodell Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-88520 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rueckert, Tobias A1 - Rauber, David A1 - Klausmann, Leonard A1 - Gutbrod, Max A1 - Rueckert, Daniel A1 - Feussner, Hubertus A1 - Wilhelm, Dirk A1 - Palm, Christoph T1 - PhaKIR Dataset - Surgical Procedure Phase, Keypoint, and Instrument Recognition [Data set] N2 - Note: A script for extracting the individual frames from the video files while preserving the challenge-compliant directory structure and frame-to-mask naming conventions is available on GitHub and can be accessed here: https://github.com/remic-othr/PhaKIR_Dataset. The dataset is described in the following publications: Rueckert, Tobias et al.: Comparative validation of surgical phase recognition, instrument keypoint estimation, and instrument instance segmentation in endoscopy: Results of the PhaKIR 2024 challenge. arXiv preprint, https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.16559. 2025. Rueckert, Tobias et al.: Video Dataset for Surgical Phase, Keypoint, and Instrument Recognition in Laparoscopic Surgery (PhaKIR). arXiv preprint, https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.06549. 2025. The proposed dataset was used as the training dataset in the PhaKIR challenge (https://phakir.re-mic.de/) as part of EndoVis-2024 at MICCAI 2024 and consists of eight real-world videos of human cholecystectomies ranging from 23 to 60 minutes in duration. The procedures were performed by experienced physicians, and the videos were recorded in three hospitals. In addition to existing datasets, our annotations provide pixel-wise instance segmentation masks of surgical instruments for a total of 19 categories, coordinates of relevant instrument keypoints (instrument tip(s), shaft-tip transition, shaft), both at an interval of one frame per second, and specifications regarding the intervention phases for a total of eight different phase categories for each individual frame in one dataset and thus comprehensively cover instrument localization and the context of the operation. Furthermore, the provision of the complete video sequences offers the opportunity to include the temporal information regarding the respective tasks and thus further optimize the resulting methods and outcomes. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15740620 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hauer, Franziska A1 - Schultz, Maximilian A1 - Haug, Sonja A1 - Weber, Karsten T1 - Künstliche Intelligenz in Nichtregierungsorganisationen - quantitativer Datensatz [Data set] N2 - Künstliche Intelligenz (KI) stellt ein wichtiges Thema der Digitalisierung dar und hat das Potenzial viele Arbeitsfelder grundlegend zu verändern. Mit dem Einsatz von KI wird die Hoffnung verbunden durch Automatisierung Zeit und Geld zu sparen. Dies könnte besonders interessant für Organisationen sein, die wenig Ressourcen zur Verfügung haben, da sie nicht gewinnorientiert oder ehrenamtlich arbeiten. Dazu zählen Nichtregierungsorganisationen (NRO), die einen wichtigen Bestandteil der Zivilgesellschaft darstellen. Aufgrund der komplexer werdenden Arbeit von NROs scheint KI Möglichkeiten zur Bewältigung aktueller und zukünftiger Herausforderungen zu bieten. Über den Einsatz von KI in NROs ist derzeit jedoch wenig bekannt. Es wurde eine quantitative Querschnittstudie deutscher Nichtregierungsorganisationen (NRO) zum Thema KI durchgeführt. Der Web-Survey baut auf den Erkenntnissen des Scoping Reviews und der qualitativen Interviews auf und vertieft den Einblick in die Bereiche aktuelle Nutzung von KI, Wissenstand in den Organisationen sowie vorhandene und noch benötigte Ressourcen. Dafür wurden 343 NROs verschiedener Größen und Handlungsfelder befragt und die Ergebnisse quantitativ analysiert. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17977270 N1 - Related works: Continues Working paper: 10.13140/RG.2.2.21668.69765 (DOI) Working paper: 10.13140/RG.2.2.10671.75685/1(DOI) Is continued by Working paper: 10.13140/RG.2.2.25460.46720 (DOI) Is described by Working paper: 10.13140/RG.2.2.11094.66883 (DOI) Journal article: 10.5771/1613-0707-2025-5-35 (DOI) Is referenced by Conference paper: 10.3233/SHTI250172 (DOI) ER - TY - GEN A1 - Haug, Sonja A1 - Currle, Edda A1 - Weber, Karsten T1 - Künstliche Intelligenz und Anamnese (KI-Anamnese) - Datensätze Welle 1 und Welle 2 [Data set] N2 - Die Studie stützt sich auf eine Quotenstichprobe der deutschsprachigen Bevölkerung im Alter von 18 bis 74 Jahren. Sie wurde als Längsschnittstudie (Trendstudie) mit insgesamt zwei Wellen mit dem gleichen Fragebogen durchgeführt. Welle 1 war vom 18. bis 24. November 2024 im Feld, die zweite Befragungswelle vom 13. bis 17. November 2025. Mit der Datenerhebung wurde das Umfrageinstitut NielsenIQ-GfK beauftragt. Je 1.000 Personen wurden online im Rahmen des GfK eBUS®-Deutschland befragt. Die Teilnehmenden wurden mithilfe einer Kombination aus Online- und Offline-Methoden rekrutiert. Um eine möglichst genaue Abbildung der Grundgesamtheit zu gewährleisten, wurden die Merkmale Geschlecht, Alter, Region, Haushaltsgröße, Ortsgröße sowie der Bildungsstand des Haushaltsvorstands quotiert, etwaige Abweichungen durch ein iteratives Gewichtungsverfahren ausgeglichen. Der Fragebogen besteht aus neun standardisierten Fragen; zuzüglich wurden soziodemographische Merkmale erhoben. Einzelne Fragen wurden, zum Teil übersetzt sowie abgewandelt, aus anderen Studien übernommen. KW - Anamnese KW - Bevölkerungsumfrage KW - Künstliche Intelligenz KW - Technologieakzeptanz Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18017447 N1 - Related works: Is described by Other: 10.35096/othr/pub-8707 (DOI) Is metadata for Journal: 10.1016/j.zefq.2025.10.003 (DOI) ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gutbrod, Max A1 - Rauber, David A1 - Weber Nunes, Danilo A1 - Palm, Christoph T1 - A cleaned subset of the first five CATARACTS test videos [Data set] N2 - This dataset is a subset of the original CATARACTS test dataset and is used by the OpenMIBOOD framework to evaluate a specific out-of-distribution setting. When using this dataset, it is mandatory to cite the corresponding publication (OpenMIBOOD (10.1109/CVPR52734.2025.02410)) and follow the acknowledgement and citation requirements of the original dataset (CATARACTS). The original CATARACTS dataset (associated publication,Homepage) consists of 50 videos of cataract surgeries, split into 25 train and 25 test videos. This subset contains the frames of the first 5 test videos. Further, black frames at the beginning of each video were removed. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14924735 N1 - Related works: Is derived from: Dataset: 10.21227/ac97-8m18 (DOI) Software: Repository URL: https://github.com/remic-othr/OpenMIBOOD ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hammer, Pascal A1 - Mottok, Jürgen A1 - Krause, Veronika A1 - Probst, Tobias T1 - Approach for High-Performance Random Number Generators for Critical Systems T2 - Proceeding of the 12th European Congress on Embedded Real Time Software and Systems (ERTS2024) , Toulouse, 11-12 June 2024 N2 - In times of digitalization, the encryption and signing of sensitive data is becoming increasingly important. These cryptographic processes require large quantities of high-quality random numbers. Which is why a high-performance random number generator (RNG) is to be developed. For this purpose, existing concepts of RNGs and application standards are first analyzed. The proposed approach is to design a physical true random number generator (PTRNG) with a high output of random numbers. Based on this, the development begins with the analog part of the RNG, the noise signal source and a suitable amplifier for the analog noise signal. Therefore, a special noise diode from Noisecom and an amplifier from NXP were chosen and analyzed in different measurements. From the results of the measurements, it can be concluded that both components are suitable for use in the RNG. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14848832 N1 - Identifier: hal-04678880 , version 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Haug, Sonja A1 - Vetter, Miriam A1 - Dotter, Caroline A1 - Weber, Karsten T1 - Forschungsprojekt "EVEKT "Erhöhung der Verbraucherpartizipation an der Energiewende und datenbasierte Mehrwertdienste" — Datensatz [Data set] N2 - Um Leistungsschwankungen im Stromnetz durch fluktuierende erneuerbare Energien auszugleichen, sollen in Deutschland intelligente Messtechnologien in Privathaushalten verbaut werden. Diese gelten als zentraler Bestandteil sog. Smart-Grids (intelligente Stromnetze), die Stromnachfrage und -angebot steuern, um Stromnetzstabilität zu gewährleisten. Die Werte, die bei der Messung des Stromverbrauchs in Privathaushalten erhoben werden, können an die Verbraucher*innen mithilfe von Apps oder anderer Smart-Meter-Plattformen (datenbasierte Mehrwertdienste) rückgemeldet werden. Vor diesem Hintergrund wurde 2023 eine Online-Befragung der Wohnbevölkerung in Deutschland durchgeführt (n=2.027). Untersucht wurden Bekanntheit, Nutzungsbereitschaft und Akzeptanz intelligenter Stromzähler bzw. Smart-Meter sowie die Nutzungsintention bei Anwendungsszenarien und Datenschutzbedenken. KW - Smart Meter KW - Technikfolgenabschätzung KW - Energiesparen KW - Datenschutzsorgen KW - Bevölkerungsbefragung KW - Akzeptanz Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17962728 N1 - Related works: Is derived from: Working paper: 10.13140/RG.2.2.11998.72009 (DOI) Working paper: 10.13140/RG.2.2.11159.85925 (DOI) Is described by: Other: 10.35096/othr/pub-8740 (DOI) Is metadata for: Working paper: 10.13140/RG.2.2.33227.60968 (DOI) Project deliverable: 10.34657/20059 (DOI) Working paper: 10.13140/RG.2.2.17667.11043 (DOI) Journal: 10.1007/s11623-025-2065-8 Titel anhand dieser DOI in Citavi-Projekt übernehmen (DOI) ER - TY - INPR A1 - Feeß, Alexander A1 - Weiß, Martin Georg T1 - Analysis of a Cuspidal 6R Robot N2 - We present a theoretical and numerical analysis of the kinematics for the Transpressor, a cuspidal 6R robot. It admits up to 16 inverse kinematics solutions which are described geometrically. For special target poses, we provide the solutions analytically and present a simple numerical solver for the general case. Moreover, an analytical estimate of the Jacobian determinant on a path between two solutions proves cuspidality for a class of robots similar to the transpressor. KW - Kinematik KW - Industrierobotik KW - inverse kinematics KW - kinematic singularities Y1 - 2026 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-88626 CY - Regensburg ER - TY - INPR A1 - Feeß, Alexander A1 - Weiß, Martin Georg T1 - Uniqueness Domains of Offset Wrist Robots via a 4D Workspace Representation N2 - We present a new method for studying the workspace of 6R robots using a four-dimensional representation. This is applied to numerically determine connected workspace components with a constant number of solutions of the inverse kinematics, and to describe critical values that form the boundaries these regions. To define and maximize uniqueness domains, nonsingular transition of these boundaries are investigated. This provides a method to determine workspace regions in which the robot can move avoiding configuration changes and singularities. KW - kinematic workspace analysis KW - kinematic singularities KW - cuspidal robot Y1 - 2026 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-88635 CY - Regensburg ER - TY - THES A1 - Thumann, Maria T1 - Anpassung der Verarbeitungseigenschaften von Frischbetonmischungen für die Entwicklung von Spritzbetonen mit reduziertem Versinterungspotential N2 - In nicht druckwasserhaltenden Tunnelbauwerken wird das Bergwasser über Entwässerungs� systeme gesammelt und aus dem Bauwerk geleitet. Versinterungen der Drainageleitungen des sekundären Entwässerungssystems führen zu Querschnittsverminderungen und -verschlüssen, wodurch die gezielte Ableitung des Bergwassers aus dem Bauwerk gestört wird. Zur Vermeidung von Schäden am Tunnelbauwerk oder von Wassereintritten in den Tunnel, aufgrund eines Anstiegs des Bergwasserdrucks hinter der Innenschale, sind regelmäßige Reinigungsarbeiten erforderlich. Die Reinigung der Drainageleitungen ist häufig sehr kosten� intensiv und führt zu Verkehrsbehinderungen in den Tunneln. Die Entstehung von Versinterungen wird durch die chemisch-physikalische Zusammensetzung des Bergwassers, die Umgebungsbedingungen im Bereich des Tunnels, die Ausführung des Entwässerungssystems und den Kontakt des Bergwassers mit zementgebundenen Materialien, z. B. dem Spritzbeton, beeinflusst. Ein Ansatz, um die Entstehung von Versinterungen zu reduzieren, ist die Optimierung der Spritzbetonrezeptur. Die Änderung der Rezeptur� zusammensetzung beeinflusst aber auch die Verarbeitbarkeit der Frischbetonmischung, die Frühfestigkeitsentwicklung des jungen Spritzbetons und die Festigkeitsentwicklung des Spritzbetons. Die Versuchsergebnisse von Auslaugversuchen mit Mörtel-, Spritzmörtel- und Spritzbeton� proben im Rahmen dieser Arbeit belegen, dass das Versinterungspotential durch eine Reduzierung des Klinkergehalts im Bindemittel, den Einsatz von puzzolanischen oder latent� hydraulischen Zusatzstoffen und eine geringe Porosität reduziert wird. Die Änderungen der Bindemittelzusammensetzung des Spritzbetons haben Auswirkungen auf den Klinkergehalt, den Wasserbedarf und den Leimgehalt und damit auch auf die Verarbeitbarkeit der Frischbetonmischung. Für die Beurteilung der Verarbeitbarkeit, v. a. der Pumpbarkeit, von Frischbetonen und Frischbetonmischungen wurden Konsistenzprüfverfahren, rheologische Prüfverfahren und Prüfverfahren zur Beurteilung der Stabilität ausgewählt. Ihre Eignung und Aussagekraft wurde bei Pumpversuchen mit einer mobilen Spritzbetonmaschine verifiziert. Für die Pumpbarkeit von Frischbetonmischungen ist zum einen ein ausreichendes Leimvolumen zur Ausbildung einer Gleitschicht an der Rohrwandung erforderlich und zum anderen müssen die Mischungen unter Druck ausreichend stabil bleiben, damit während des Pumpens keine Blockaden in den Förderleitungen auftreten. Sofern diese Aspekte bei den entwickelten Rezepturen erfüllt sind, ist eine ausreichende Verarbeitbarkeit der Frischbetonmischungen erreicht. Darüber hinaus konnten die Anforderungen an die Frühfestigkeitsentwicklung und die 28 d Druckfestigkeit der Spritzbetone mit optimierten Mischungen erfüllt werden. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wurde gezeigt, welche Aspekte bei der Entwicklung von Spritzbetonen mit einem reduzierten Versinterungspotential berücksichtigt werden müssen, um auch die genannten baupraktischen Anforderungen zu erfüllen. N2 - In double-shell tunnel linings, the construction of ‚umbrella’ insulations helps preventing water ingress: depressurized ground water is led to drainage pipes, relieving the tunnel lining from water pressure. However, these solutions are associated in many cases with sintering (precipitation of carbonates) in the drainage system. Over time, the drainage pipes get clogged and the water cannot flow off. Subsequently, the water pressure increases and the tunnel may be damaged. The cleaning of the drainage pipes during operation of traffic tunnels is possible, but very costly and time consuming. To minimize the tunnel maintenance work, it is crucial to reduce such precipitations to a minimum. The parameters that influence the sintering process are (i) the chemical composition of the ground water, (ii) the environmental conditions, (iii) the design of the drainage system, (iv) and the contact of the water with cementitious materials, e.g. the sprayed concrete. In fact, the mix design of the sprayed concrete can be adapted to develop mixes with low sintering potential. To achieve this purpose special care has to be taken to avoid compromising the workability of the wet mix, the early strength development of the young sprayed concrete and the strength development of the hardened sprayed concrete. Results of leaching tests show that the calcium released from mortar, sprayed mortar and sprayed concrete samples can be reduced by lowering the clinker content of the binder, by adding supplementary cementitious materials, or by producing a dense matrix. Changes in the binder composition influence the clinker content in the binder, the water demand, the paste content, and thus the workability of the wet-mixes. The workability, and specifically the pumpability, of the wet-mixes was characterised using different test methods. The reliability of the selected test-methods was verified in pumping tests with a spraying machine. Results of lab tests and pumping tests show that the pumpability of wet-mixes requires, on the one hand, sufficient paste volume to form a lubricating layer on the pipe wall and, on the other hand, that the concrete remains stable even under pressure to avoid blockages in the conveying pipe. In addition to the requirements concerning the workability of the wet-mix, the requirements for early strength development and 28 day compressive strength of the sprayed concrete must be met. This work describes the various aspects that have to be taken into account when designing new mixes for sprayed concrete with low sintering potential, fulfilling at the same time the corresponding requirements for workability and hardened concrete properties. Y1 - 2019 UR - https://www.baustoffe.ruhr-uni-bochum.de/bs/mam/content/dissertation_maria_thumann.pdf CY - Regensburg ER - TY - GEN A1 - Grabinger, Lisa T1 - Data of a systematic literature research on eye tracking in software engineering [Data set] N2 - How did the data collection work? By systematic research in the IEEE Xplore and ACM digital libraries we extracted 125 papers. Further details on the procedure can be found in the journal paper. What data is provided? In this repository you can find the extracted data, i.e., file data.xlsx. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11279180 N1 - Im Zusammenhang mit folgender Publikation: Grabinger, L., Hauser, F., Wolff, C. et al. On Eye Tracking in Software Engineering. SN COMPUT. SCI. 5, 729 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42979-024-03045-3 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Glavan, Gašper A1 - Belyaeva, Inna A. A1 - Shamonin (Chamonine), Mikhail T1 - Transient Response of Macroscopic Deformation of Magnetoactive Elastomeric Cylinders in Uniform Magnetic Fields [Data set] Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10679499 N1 - This is the data set for all the figures in the paper with the title: "Transient Response of Macroscopic Deformation of Magnetoactive Elastomeric Cylinders in Uniform Magnetic Fields" published in the Polymers journal (doi:10.3390/polym16050586). ER - TY - GEN A1 - Glavan, Gašper A1 - Belyaeva, Inna A. A1 - Shamonin (Chamonine), Mikhail A1 - Ruwisch, Kevin A1 - Wollschläger, Joachim T1 - Magnetoelectric Response of Laminated Cantilevers Comprising a Magnetoactive Elastomer and a Piezoelectric Polymer, in Pulsed Uniform Magnetic Fields [Data set] Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14652152 N1 - This is the data set for all the figures in the paper with the title: "Magnetoelectric Response of Laminated Cantilevers Comprising a Magnetoactive Elastomer and a Piezoelectric Polymer, in Pulsed Uniform Magnetic Fields" published in the Sensors journal (doi:10.3390/s21196390). ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Deutel, Mark A1 - Mallah, Maen A1 - Wissing, Julio A1 - Scheele, Stephan ED - Vermesan, Ovidiu ED - Pagani, Alain ED - Meloni, Paolo T1 - Recent Trends in Edge AI: Efficient Design, Training and Deployment of Machine Learning Models T2 - Charting the Intelligence Frontiers – Edge AI Systems Nexus N2 - With a rising demand for ubiquitous smart systems, processing and interpreting large quantities of data generated on the edge at a high velocity is becoming an increasingly important challenge. Machine learning (ML) models such as Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are an essential tool of today’s artificial intelligence due to their ability to make accurate predictions given complex tasks and environments. However, Deep Learning is computationally complex and energy intensive. This seems to contradict the characteristics of many edge devices, which have only limited memory, computational resources, and energy budget available. To overcome this challenge, an efficient ML model design is crucial that incorporates available optimization techniques from hardware, software, and methodological perspective to enable energy-efficient deployment and operation on the edge. This work comprehensively summarizes recent techniques for training, optimizing, and deploying ML models targeting edge devices. We discuss different strategies for finding deployable ML models, scalable DNN architectures, neural architecture search, and multi-objective optimization approaches, to enable feasible trade-offs considering available resources and latency. Furthermore, we give insight into DNN compression methods such 182as quantization and pruning. We conclude by investigating different forms of cascaded processing, from simple multi-level approaches to highly branched compute graphs and early-exit DNNs. Y1 - 2026 SN - 9788743808862 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1201/9788743808862-9 SP - 181 EP - 220 PB - River Publishers CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kuettner, Andreas A1 - Fischer, Samuel A1 - Laumer, Tobias T1 - Mechanical and structural characterization of heat-staked parts realized by selective laser sintering of polyamide 12 JF - The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology N2 - Heat staking is a joining process in which thermoplastic pins are formed by heat and pressure in a form-fitting and insoluble way. This study evaluates the mechanical performance and microstructure of selective laser sintered (SLS) polyamide 12 (PA 12) components before and after heat staking, compared with conventionally turned reference specimens. The components were characterized using tensile tests, micrographs, microscopy, and micro-CT measurements. For the tests, the forces and temperatures during heat staking were varied to determine the best process parameters. Tensile tests revealed that SLS joints achieved strengths of up to 33.6 MPa, approaching the 39.9 MPa of the turned references. Microstructural analysis showed a marked reduction in porosity due to heat staking. Porosity decreased from 3.9% to 1.56% at a staking force of 300 N and from 4.29% to 0.81% at 1000 N, highlighting the beneficial effect of increased force. These results demonstrate that heat staking parameters significantly influence local densification and mechanical performance, and that, under suitable conditions, SLS components can achieve joint strengths comparable to conventionally manufactured parts. The study shows that the heat staking process parameters have a significant influence on the local microstructure and thus on the mechanical performance and provides a basis for optimizing SLS components for new heat staking applications. KW - Additive manufacturing KW - Heat staking KW - Material qualification KW - Polyamid 12 (PA) KW - Selective laser sintering (SLS) Y1 - 2026 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-025-17319-4 PB - Springer ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zürner, Christian T1 - Von der „Ästhetischen“ zur „Kulturellen Bildung“ – (heimlicher) Verlust eines kritischen Selbstverständnisses JF - Pädagogische Rundschau Y1 - 2015 VL - 69 IS - 1 SP - 75 EP - 89 PB - Lang ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kriegl, Raphael T1 - Microstructured Magnetoactive Elastomers for Switchable Wettability [Data set] Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13124555 N1 - Data for the Figures in Microstructured Magnetoactive Elastomers for Switchable Wettability https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14183883 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Grabinger, Lisa A1 - Hauser, Florian A1 - Mottok, Jürgen T1 - Study: Notation of Causal Graphs [Data set] N2 - This repository contains the material and obtained data of an eye tracking study on the topic "Notation of Causal Graphs". Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7241158 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Grabinger, Lisa A1 - Hauser, Florian A1 - Mottok, Jürgen T1 - Study: Layout of Causal Graphs [Data set] N2 - This repository contains the material and obtained data of an eye tracking study on the topic "Layout of Causal Graphs". Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7241097 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Grabinger, Lisa A1 - Homann, Alexander A1 - Hauser, Florian A1 - Mottok, Jürgen T1 - Study: MISRA C coding guidelines [Data set] N2 - This repository contains the material and obtained data of an eye tracking study on the topic "MISRA C coding guidelines". Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7898606 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Moser, Elisabeth A1 - Eberhardt, Matthias A1 - Meyer, Selina A1 - Schmidhuber, Maximilian A1 - Ketterer, Daniel T1 - ARGO ship classification dataset [Data set] N2 - The ARGO ship classification dataset holds 1750 labelled images from PlanetScope-4-Band satelites. The dataset creation process and results on the dataset are published in the demo paper: {CITE} The imagery is provided as numpy binary files. All image data is licensed by Planet Labs PBC. The channel ordering is BGRN. The dataset is provided in two folders named "ship" and "non_ship". Those folders correspond to the original labels created during automated dataset creation. The files are numbered. Two additional .csv files are provided. The shipsAIS_2017_Zone17.csv file holds the AIS information on the imagery contained in the ship folder. The data was retrieved from marinecadastre.gov. During the experiments errors in the automatically created dataset emerged which are further described in the paper. The manual relabelling is supplied in the corrected_labels.csv file. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6058710 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rahim, Stefan A1 - Schumm, Leon T1 - Weather Data Cutouts for the Wasserstoffatlas (Hydrogen Map) [Data set] N2 - The cutouts are required to calculate the solar PV and wind onshore feed-in profiles of the Wasserstoffatlas. The provided cutouts are spatiotemporal subsets of the European weather data from the ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis dataset and the CMSAF SARAH-2 solar surface radiation dataset for the year 2013. They have been prepared by and are for use with the atlite tool (https://atlite.readthedocs.io/). ECMWF ERA5 Source: https://cds.climate.copernicus.eu/cdsapp#!/dataset/reanalysis-era5-single-levels?tab=overview Terms of Use: https://cds.climate.copernicus.eu/api/v2/terms/static/20180314_Copernicus_License_V1.1.pdf CMSAF SARAH-2 Pfeifroth, Uwe; Kothe, Steffen; Müller, Richard; Trentmann, Jörg; Hollmann, Rainer; Fuchs, Petra; Werscheck, Martin (2017): Surface Radiation Data Set - Heliosat (SARAH) - Edition 2, Satellite Application Facility on Climate Monitoring, DOI:10.5676/EUM_SAF_CM/SARAH/V002, https://doi.org/10.5676/EUM_SAF_CM/SARAH/V002 Terms of Use: https://www.eumetsat.int/cs/idcplg?IdcService=GET_FILE&dDocName=pdf_leg_data_policy&allowInterrupt=1&noSaveAs=1&RevisionSelectionMethod=LatestReleased Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8135586 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bittner, Dominik A1 - Ezer, Timur A1 - Grabinger, Lisa A1 - Hauser, Florian A1 - Mottok, Jürgen T1 - Eye Tracking based Learning Style Identification for Learning Management Systems [Data set] N2 - In recent years, universities have been faced with increasing numbers of students dropping out. This is partly due to the fact that students are limited in their ability to explore individual learning paths through different course materials. However, a promising remedy to this issue is the implementation of adaptive learning management systems. These systems recommend customised learning paths to students - based on their individual learning styles. Learning styles are commonly classified using questionnaires and learning analytics, but both methods are prone to error. Questionnaires may yield superficial responses due to time constraints or lack of motivation, while learning analytics ignore offline learning behaviour. To address these limitations, this study aims to integrating Eye Tracking for a more accurate classification of students' learning styles. Ultimately, this comprehensive approach could not only open up a deeper understanding of subconscious processes, but also provide valuable insights into students' unique learning preferences. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8349468 N1 - Related works: Is new version of publication: 10.1145/3593663.3593680 (DOI) Is published in publication: 10.21125/iceri.2023.1291 (DOI) ER - TY - GEN A1 - Staufer, Susanne T1 - Persistence of Learning Style, Learning Strategy, and Personality Traits [Data set] N2 - This dataset contains the result of the survey to learning styles, learning strategies, and personality traits. The survey was executed in winter term 2023/24 and summer term 2023 in a German university (OTH Regensburg) during the course "Software Engineering". Examined questionnaires are ILS (learning styles), LIST-K (learning strategies), and BFI-10 (personality traits). The same three questionnaires were asked at two different survey periods three to four months apart while each survey period lasts one to two weeks. Pretest data were examined at the start of the term, while posttest data at the end. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12743866 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bugert, Flemming T1 - Applying Ariadne: Dataset on Learning Styles and Moodle-Based Learning Paths [Data set] N2 - This dataset contains information queried from 22 students inside a Moodle based learning management system during the winter term 2023/24 at a German university. Abstract With the use of learning management systems students benefit from being recommended suitable learning elements based on their individual needs. In doing so, recommendation algorithms are applied which first query the student’s learning style. To improve the recommendation of learning elements a continuous analysis of the individual’s learning style is required. A frequent questionnaire assessment would however be too time consuming. Instead, in a prior study an algorithm has been designed to identify changes in learning styles from the student’s selection of learning elements. In this paper, we investigate the functionality of that algorithm by applying it on real student data. In particular, we test if the algorithm correctly indicates changes in learning styles. The utilised data is collected in our learning management system. To be precise, the data is obtained from 22 students enrolled in a software engineering course during the winter term of 2023/24. The data comprises two types of information for each student: 1) learning style collected at the start and end of the term, and 2) the user’s actual selection of learning elements inside the learning management system. The uniqueness of this study lies in the data and the evaluation strategy based on it. Having the learning style at the end of the semester period as ground truth allows us to test if the algorithm operates correctly with actual user data from our learning management system. The results validate the behaviour of our algorithm, yet they strongly suggest the need for an adaptation. Further research is required on how to parameterise the underlying models. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12594911 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmidbauer, Lukas A1 - Lobe, Elisabeth A1 - Schäfer, Ina A1 - Mauerer, Wolfgang T1 - It's Quick to be Square: Fast Quadratisation for Quantum Toolchains [Data set] N2 - Many of the envisioned use-cases for quantum computers involve optimisation processes. While there are many algorithmic primitives to perform the required calculations, all eventually lead to quantum gates operating on quantum bits, with an order as determined by the structure of the objective function and the properties of target hardware. When the structure of the problem representation is not aligned with structure and boundary conditions of the executing hardware, various overheads to degrade the computation may arise, possibly negating any possible quantum advantage. Therefore, automatic transformations of problem representations play an important role in quantum computing when descriptions (semi-)targeted at humans must be cast into forms that can be executed on quantum computers. Mathematically equivalent formulations are known to result in substantially different non-functional properties depending on hardware, algorithm and detail properties of the problem. Given the current state of noisy-intermediate scale quantum hardware (NISQ), these effects are considerably more pronounced than in classical computing. Likewise, efficiency of the transformation itself is relevant because possible quantum advantage may easily be eradicated by the overhead of transforming between representations. In this paper we consider a specific class of higher-level representations (polynomial unconstrained binary optimisation problems), and devise novel automatic transformation mechanisms into widely used quadratic unconstrained binary optimisation problems that substantially improve efficiency and versatility over the state of the art. We also identify what influence factors of lower-level details can be abstracted away in the transformation process, and which details must be made available to higher-level abstractions. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14245588 N1 - Paper: 10.48550/arXiv.2411.19934 Software: https://github.com/lfd/Fast_Quadratisation ER - TY - GEN A1 - Birett, Falk A1 - Schumm, Leon A1 - Hofrichter, Andreas A1 - Heusgen, Valentin A1 - Rahim, Stefan T1 - Wasserstoffatlas Deutschland (Hydrogen Map) [Data set] N2 - Input files required for Hydrogen Map workflow in the project "Wasserstoffatlas Deutschland", funded by the BMBF. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13960465 N1 - Further versions linked on Zenodo. ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stocker, Philipp A1 - Lehrer, Tobias T1 - Machine Learning Dataset of U-Channel Sheet Metal Geometry Representations with Supervision Information for Drawability Assessment and Part Segmentation [Data set] N2 - The dataset contains 2533 geometries from four different parametric CAD models sampled from the U-Channel python package. The representations include the original CAD geometries (.step), graph binaries (.bin), meshes (.off), and point clouds (.xyz). Additionally, we provide labels for supervised learning use cases of local and global drawability assessment and part segmentation (.json) for all representations. Custom label computation for drawability assessment is enabled by the provided strains.zip file, which contains minor and major true strains for the given meshes. For more details, refer to the associated publication. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15327950 N1 - Zugehörige Publikation: Lehrer, Tobias and Stocker, Philipp and Duddeck, Fabian and Wagner, Marcus, UCSM: Dataset of U-Shaped Parametric CAD Geometries and Real-World Sheet Metal Meshes for Deep Drawing (May 21, 2025). https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5268323 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmidbauer, Lukas A1 - Mauerer, Wolfgang T1 - SAT Strikes Back: Parameter and Path Relations in Quantum Toolchains [Data set] N2 - In the foreseeable future, toolchains for quantum computing should offer automatic means of transforming a high level problem formulation down to a hardware executable form. Thereby, it is crucial to find (multiple) transformation paths that are optimised for (hardware specific) metrics. We zoom into this pictured tree of transformations by focussing on k-SAT instances as input and their transformation to QUBO, while considering structure and characteristic metrics of input, intermediate and output representations. Our results can be used to rate valid paths of transformation in advance—also in automated (quantum) toolchains. We support the automation aspect by considering stability and therefore predictability of free parameters and transformation paths. Moreover, our findings can be used in the manifesting era of error correction (since considering structure in a high abstraction layer can benefit error correcting codes in layers below). We also show that current research is closely linked to quadratisation techniques and their mathematical foundation. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15464391 N1 - Repositoriy URL: https://github.com/lfd/QSW25-SAT-Strikes-Back ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kriegl, Raphael T1 - Tunable rebound of millimeter-sized rigid balls by magnetic actuation of elastomer-based surface microstructures [Data set] Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10419411 N1 - This is the data used to plot Figures 7-10 of our paper "Tunable rebound of millimeter-sized rigid balls by magnetic actuation of elastomer-based surface microstructures" https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-665X/ad41a9 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kriegl, Raphael T1 - Characterization of Wetting Properties of Magnetoactive Elastomer Surfaces [Data set] Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13124610 N1 - Data for the Figures in Characterization of Wetting Properties of Magnetoactive Elastomer Surfaces https://doi.org/10.1115/SMASIS2023-110998 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kriegl, Raphael T1 - Preservation of wetting ridges using field-induced plasticity of magnetoactive elastomers (Version 3) [Data set] N2 - How to access data: html: Open in browser to view interactive figure pdf/png: Static figure, open with desired program json: Contains data for figures Open using Python pandas: import pandas as pd data = pd.read_json("filename") data then contains a pandas table. The cells in columns describing x,y data might contain entire arrays. Naming: Figure files are named after their respective ordering (i.e. figure1_*). Data and figure files are always named correspondingly. Zip archives (indiv_3D_*.zip) contain multiple additional figures, one for each surface measurement. There is a zip archive with the static renders and one with the interactive plots. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14502155 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mauerer, Wolfgang A1 - Joblin, Mitchell A1 - Tamburri, Damian Andrew A1 - Paradis, Carlos A1 - Kazman, Rick A1 - Apel, Sven T1 - In Search of Socio-Technical Congruence: A Large-Scale Longitudinal Study [Data set] Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4766388 N1 - Archive of the accompanying website including all datasets for "In Search of Socio-Technical Congruence: A Large-Scale Longitudinal Study" (IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering): https://doi.org/10.1109/TSE.2021.3082074 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mauerer, Wolfgang A1 - Scherzinger, Stefanie T1 - Nullius in Verba - Reproducibility Tutorial [Data set] N2 - Reproduction package (docker image) for the ICDE 2021 tutorial "Nullius in Verba". Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4730023 N1 - In Verbindung mit dem Konferenzbeitrag: Nullius in Verba: Reproducibility for Database Systems Research, Revisited - https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDE51399.2021.00270 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Glavan, Gašper A1 - Belyaeva, Inna A. A1 - Shamonin (Chamonine), Mikhail T1 - On the Piezomagnetism of Magnetoactive Elastomeric Cylinders in Uniform Magnetic Fields: Height Modulation in the Vicinity of an Operating Point by Time-Harmonic Fields [Data set] Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13834054 N1 - This is the data set for all the figures in the paper with the title: "On the Piezomagnetism of Magnetoactive Elastomeric Cylinders in Uniform Magnetic Fields: Height Modulation in the Vicinity of an Operating Point by Time-Harmonic Fields" published in the Polymers journal (doi:10.3390/polym16192706). ER - TY - GEN A1 - Glavan, Gašper A1 - Belyaeva, Inna A. A1 - Shamonin (Chamonine), Mikhail T1 - Multiferroic Cantilevers Containing a Magnetoactive Elastomer: Magnetoelectric Response to Low-Frequency Magnetic Fields of Triangular and Sinusoidal Waveform [Data set] Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14651784 N1 - This is the data set for all the figures in the paper with the title: "Multiferroic Cantilevers Containing a Magnetoactive Elastomer: Magnetoelectric Response to Low-Frequency Magnetic Fields of Triangular and Sinusoidal Waveform" published in the Sensor journal (doi:10.3390/s22103791). ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Wagner, Bernd A1 - Hay, Stefan A1 - Neidhart, Thomas A1 - Spirkl, Florian A1 - Ried, Michael A1 - Zrenner, Louis A1 - Weidlich, Ingo A1 - Gabriel, Eugen A1 - Banning, Timo ED - Vanhoudt, Dirk T1 - TFSB as Bedding Material in District Heating Pipe Construction - Scientifically Proven Long-Term Experience T2 - Proceedings of the 19th International Symposium on District Heating and Cooling; 2025, Genk (Belgium) N2 - Following the explanation of the increasing importance of alternative backfill materials like TFSB, TFSB and their status in terms of science and technology are depicted. Selected results of the research project FW-ZFSV 4.0 are presented: computer-aided static calculation, in situ long term loading of district heating pipes in TFSB and sand, quality assurance and resource conservation. The conclusions provide an overall assessment of the use of TFSB in district heating pipe construction. Y1 - 2026 SN - 9783032098443 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-09844-3_10 SP - 99 EP - 108 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - GEN A1 - Spirkl, Florian T1 - Untersuchungen und Analyse des Verhaltens von Böden und Boden-Bindemittel-Gemischen unter zyklischer Belastung N2 - Während es zahlreiche Untersuchungen zum Verhalten von Böden unter zyklischen und dynamischen Belastungen gibt, gibt es nur wenige Veröffentlichungen zu zyklischen Belastungen an Bindemittel-stabilisierter Böden. Dabei werden diese Boden-Bindemittel-Gemische (BBG) vielseitig eingesetzt (z.B. qualifizierte Bodenverfestigung, Bodenmischsäulen, zeitweise fließfähige Erdbaustoffe). Die durchgeführten Versuche zielen darauf ab, ein tiefergehendes Verständnis für das Materialverhalten von BBG zu gewinnen. Hierfür wurden an verschiedenen Mischungen zyklische Versuche mit variierenden Spannungsamplituden durchgeführt. Die bisher durchgeführten Versuche untersuchen sowohl Zyklen im niedrigen Lastbereich als auch im hohen Lastbereich nahe der einaxialen Druckfestigkeit. Gängige Modelle zur Beschreibung des Setzungsverhaltens in Folge von zyklischer Einwirkung werden vorgestellt und mit den Ergebnissen für BBG verglichen. Y1 - 2025 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kranz, Michael A1 - Wagner, Maria Stella A1 - Pointner, Daniel A1 - Haus, Moritz A1 - Lubnow, Matthias A1 - Lehle, Karla A1 - Krenkel, Lars T1 - Polymer embedding of membrane lungs for histological investigations of intra-device clot formation JF - Cardiovascular Medicine N2 - Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is an invasive but potentially lifesaving treatment option for severe cardiac or respiratory failure. Despite its beneficial effect, coagulation-related complications, mainly due to clot formation, excessive bleeding and the accumulation of deposits in the membrane lung (ML) remain common, causing higher mortality. In this context, the formation of clots and other deposits in the ML is of particular interest. Previous histological examinations of the polymethylpentene fiber mats inside the ML could only be performed in a top view, prohibiting valid quantification and examination of the multi-layered deposits or fiber mat spanning structures. Our objective was the establishment of a polymer embedding to increase the mechanical stability of the deposits and thus enable cross-sectional microtome cutting through the ML hollow-fibers. Clinically used MLs (PLS, Getinge, Rastatt, Germany) were stabilized with a polymer resin (HistoCURE 8100). Specimens were cut out of the embedded MLs and microtome sections with a thickness of 10 µm were performed. In addition to standard histological staining with hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and Pappenheim (May-Grunwald-Giemsa), fluorescence DNA staining for nucleated cells with 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) and SYTOX™ Green as well as immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence staining for the lysosomal enzyme myeloperoxidase (MPO) and von Willebrand factor (vWF) were established. The protocol provides a method for large volume embedding (400 mL). The cellular and extracellular deposits were securely fixed by the polymer scaffold allowing the examination of clots in MLs in native position which was not possible with conventional paraffin embedding. Multi-layered deposits and fiber mat spanning structures are no longer disrupted during specimen extraction and can now be quantified. Staining with HE, Pappenheim, DAPI, SYTOX™ Green, MPO, and vWF was successfully tested with this protocol. This method may be the foundation for new insights into the complex clotting phenomena observed in MLs KW - clot formation KW - ECMO KW - HistoCURE 8100 KW - histology KW - membrane lungs KW - polymer embedding KW - Technovit 8100 Y1 - 2026 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2026.1650978 VL - 13 PB - Frontiers CY - Lausanne ER - TY - GEN A1 - Besser, Elisabeth A1 - Giraud, Jara A1 - Hammon, Michaela A1 - Mayer, Josefa A1 - Schiener, Sophie A1 - Mertens, Johannis A1 - Pfingsten, Andrea T1 - Kulturell adaptierte Schmerzgeschichte für die PNE im deutschsprachigen Raum T2 - 9. Forschungssymposium Physiotherapie (FSPT), 2025, Bremen N2 - Einleitung Pain Neuroscience Education (PNE) ist eine Aufklärungsstrategie, welche das Ziel hat, Schmerzpatient*innen neurophysiologische und -biologische Vorgänge im Körper mittels Metaphern und Geschichten zu vermitteln. Der Wissenszugewinn über schmerzphysiologische Prozesse kann – insbesondere bei chronischen Schmerzpatient*innen – psychosoziale Symptome wie Bewegungsangst und Katastrophisierung von Schmerz positiv beeinflussen und zu einem Umdenken im Umgang mit Schmerz anregen. Trotz zahlreicher PNE-Studien wird die vermutlich entscheidende Anpassung von Schmerzgeschichten an den kulturellen Hintergrund der Betroffenen bis jetzt kaum berücksichtigt. Ziel des Projekts war es, eine für die deutsche Kultur angepasste Schmerzgeschichte nach dem Vorbild des amerikanischen „Why You Hurt“- Konzepts zu entwickeln und diese hinsichtlich ihrer Verständlichkeit und Anwendbarkeit zu überprüfen Material und Methodik Auf Grundlage der Literatur sowie eines fachlichen Austauschs mit dem PNE-Experten Prof. Dr. Emilio „Louie“ Puentedura wurde eine metaphorische, kulturell adaptierte Schmerzgeschichte entwickelt und grafisch aufbereitet. Die Datenerhebung erfolgte durch leitfadengestützte Interviews mit jeweils drei Therapeut*innen und Patient*innen. Die Auswertung erfolgte mittels qualitativer Inhaltsanalyse in MAXQDA. Ergebnisse Die Teilnehmenden beschrieben die Geschichte als „leicht verständlich, nachvollziehbar und anschaulich“. Die Kombination aus Erzählung und graphischer Darstellung erleichterte das Verständnis der physiologischen Vorgänge. Therapeut*innen reagierten positiv auf die Umsetzbarkeit und signalisierten Bereitschaft zur künftigen Anwendung, bevorzugt mit geringem organisatorischem Aufwand – etwa in Form von Karten mit variierenden Inhalten oder einer App-Version. Zusätzlich wurde erwähnt, die Geschichte nur bei Kindern anzuwenden. Zusammenfassung Die erstellte Schmerzgeschichte wurde von den Befragten als verständlich und umsetzbar bewertet. Zukünftig sollten weitere quantitative Studien mit größerer Teilnehmerzahl durchgeführt werden, um belastbarere Aussagen bezüglich der Anwendbarkeit und des Verständnisses von Schmerzgeschichten in der Gesamtpopulation treffen zu können. Neben der kulturellen Adaptation könnte auch die Anpassung an das Bildungsniveau sowie das Alter der Betroffenen und eine mögliche PNE-App für zukünftige Untersuchungen relevant sein. KW - PNE KW - PNE KW - Physiotherapie KW - Forschungssymposium KW - FSPT Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0045-1811330 VL - 21 IS - S02 PB - Thieme CY - Stuttgart ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Schwarz, Philipp A1 - Bock, Sebastian A1 - Weiß, Martin Georg T1 - Abschlussbericht Projekt LeaP - Learning Poses : Posenerkennung mit Neuronalen Netzen BT - Programm zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung und Entwicklung an Hochschulen für angewandte Wissenschaften – Fachhochschulen (Kap. 15 49 TG 78), Förderperiode 2018 – 2021; Programmsäule Strukturimpuls Forschungseinstieg - Projekt “Posenerkennung mit Neuronalen Netzen” N2 - Die Schätzung der 6D-Pose bekannter Objekte findet Anwendungen in der Robotik, der Luft- und Raumfahrtsteuerung und automatisierten Produktionsumgebungen. Es ist nach wie vor gängige Praxis, klassische Bildverarbeitungsmethoden zu verwenden, um eine hohe Präzision zu erreichen. Diese Methoden erfordern jedoch eine manuelle Parametrisierung der verwendeten Erkennungswerkzeuge für jedes einzelne Objekt. Dies wirft die Frage auf, ob maschinelle Lerntechniken, insb. convolutional neural networks, Netzwerke, so trainiert werden können, dass sie die in der Industrie geforderte Präzision ohne individuelle Programmierung erreichen können. Darüber sollen in Produktionsumgebungen Umwelteinflüsse wie Lichtverhältnisse minimiert werden. Es werden verschiedene Netzstrukturen entwickelt und auf ihre Leistung bei diesem Szenario untersucht, mit 1 bis 6 Freiheitsgraden in der Aufgabenstellung und einer oder mehreren Kameras. Zusätzlich wird ein Ansatz mit reinforcement learning entwickelt und untersucht. KW - Posenermittlung KW - convolutional neural network KW - Konvergenzverhalten Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-88514 CY - Regensburg ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Schultz, Maximilian T1 - 1.Bericht für das Regensburg Center of Health Sciences and Technology (RCHST) N2 - Der vorliegende Bericht zeigt den aktuellen Stand des Projekts „Künstliche Intelligenz für Nichtregierungsorganisationen (KINiro) – Bedarf, Akzeptanz und Umsetzungsmöglichkeiten“ an der OTH Regensburg am Institut für Sozialforschung und Technikfolgenabschätzung (IST). Im Projektbericht wird das Projekt KINiro mit besonderem Blick auf die Erkenntnisse und Tätigkeiten im Gesundheitswesen aufgezeigt. Das Projekt KINiro wird mit Laufzeit Januar 2023 bis Dezember 2025 durch das Bundesministerium für Familie, Senioren, Frauen und Jugend (BMFSFJ) gefördert. Eine zusätzliche Unterstützung bietet das Regensburg Center of Health Sciences and Technology (RCHST) KW - Künstliche Intelligenz KW - Gesundheit Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-73125 VL - 2024 PB - OTH Regensburg CY - Regensburg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Qiao, Yu A1 - Grad, Marius A1 - Nonn, Aida T1 - Toward an Efficient and Robust Process–Structure Prediction Framework for Filigree L-PBF 316L Stainless Steel Structures JF - Metals N2 - Additive manufacturing (AM), particularly laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF), provides unmatched design flexibility for creating intricate steel structures with minimal post-processing. However, adopting L-PBF for high-performance applications is difficult due to the challenge of predicting microstructure evolution. This is because the process is sensitive to many parameters and has a complex thermal history. Thin-walled geometries present an added challenge because their dimensions often approach the scale of individual grains. Thus, microstructure becomes a critical factor in the overall integrity of the component. This study focuses on applying cellular automata (CA) modeling to establish robust and efficient process–structure relationships in L-PBF of 316L stainless steel. The CA framework simulates solidification-driven grain evolution and texture development across various processing conditions. Model predictions are evaluated against experimental electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) data, with additional quantitative comparisons based on texture and morphology metrics. The results demonstrate that CA simulations calibrated with relevant process parameters can effectively reproduce key microstructural features, including grain size distributions, aspect ratios, and texture components, observed in thin-walled L-PBF structures. This work highlights the strengths and limitations of CA-based modeling and supports its role in reliably designing and optimizing complex L-PBF components. Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-88481 SN - 2075-4701 VL - 15 IS - 7 PB - MDPI ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schwägerl, Felix A1 - Uhrig, Sabrina A1 - Westfechtel, Bernhard T1 - A Graph-based Algorithm for Three-way Merging of Ordered Collections in EMF Models T2 - Science of Computer Programming N2 - In EMF models, ordered collections appear as the values of multi-valued structural features. Traditional, text-based version control systems do not sufficiently support three-way merging of ordered collections inside EMF models since they cannot guarantee a consistent result. The operation three-way merging is defined as follows: based on a common base version b, two alternative versions and were developed by copying and modifying the base version. To reconcile these changes, a merged version m is to be created as a common successor of and . In this paper, we present a graph algorithm to solve the problem of three-way merging of ordered collections in EMF models. Each version of a collection can be represented by means of a linearly ordered graph. To create the merged version, these graphs are combined to a merged collection graph using set formula. To create the merged collection, a generalized topological sort is performed on the merged collection graph. Conflicts occur in case the order of elements cannot be deduced automatically; these conflicts are resolved either interactively or by default rules. We have implemented the merge algorithm in our tool BTMerge, which performs a consistency-preserving three-way merge of versions of EMF models being instances of arbitrary Ecore models. Our implementation relies on an alternative form of representing multiple versions of a collection, namely a versioned collection graph which forms a superimposition of collection versions. The algorithm presented here is purely state-based. Matching and merging of collections are clearly separated sub-problems. Insertions and deletions performed on the elements of the collection are propagated into the merged version in a consistent way. Our algorithm makes only minimal assumptions with regard to the underlying product model and thus may be applied to ordered collections inside plain text or XML files. By taking arbitrary move operations into account, the algorithm considerably goes beyond the functionality of contemporary merge tools which cannot adequately handle move operations. KW - EMF Models KW - Model Merging KW - Graph Algorithms Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scico.2015.02.008 VL - 113 IS - Part 1 SP - 51 EP - 81 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Buchmann, Thomas A1 - Schwägerl, Felix T1 - Breaking the Boundaries of Meta Models and Preventing Information Loss in Model-Driven Software Product Lines T2 - Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Evaluation of Novel Software Approaches to Software Engineering, Vol 1, 2016, Rome, Italy N2 - Model-driven software product line engineering is an integrating discipline for which tool support has become available recently. However, existing tools are still immature and have several weaknesses. Among others, limitations in variability, caused by meta model restrictions, and unintended information loss are not addressed. In this paper, we present two conceptual extensions to model-driven product line engineering based on negative variability, being alternative mappings and surrogates. Alternative mappings allow for unconstrained variability, mitigating meta model restrictions by virtually extending the underlying multi-variant domain model. Surrogates prevent unintended information loss during product derivation based on a contextsensitive product analysis, which can be controlled by a declarative OCL-based language. Both extensions have been implemented in FAMILE, a model-driven product line tool that is based on EMF, provides dedicated consistency repair mechanisms, and completely automates application engineering. The added value of alternative mappings and surrogates is demonstrated by a running example. KW - Software Product Lines KW - Model-Driven Development KW - Unconstrained Variability KW - Information Loss KW - Negative Variability KW - Application Engineering Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5220/0005789100730083 SP - 83 PB - SCITEPRESS - Science and and Technology Publications ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schwägerl, Felix A1 - Uhrig, Sabrina A1 - Westfechtel, Bernhard T1 - Model-based tool support for consistent three-way merging of EMF models T2 - ACME '13, Proceedings of the workshop on ACadeMics Tooling with Eclipse N2 - Inadequate version control has been identified as a major obstacle to the application of model-driven software engineering. In particular, sophisticated support for merging model versions is urgently needed. We present a tool for merging of EMF models which may be applied to instances of arbitrary Ecore models. The tool advances the state of the art by guaranteeing a consistent merge result. Furthermore, it detects and resolves not only context-free, but also context-sensitive conflicts. Our merge tool is model-based; it relies on EMF for its implementation. Initial experiences gained from its application confirm that the merge tool operates both accurately and efficiently. Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1145/2491279.2491281 PB - ACM CY - New York, NY, USA ER - TY - INPR A1 - Chow, Rosan T1 - Narcissistic and Embodied Human-Centered-Design N2 - In recent years, there have been calls to replace Human-Centered-Design (HCD) with More-Than-Human-Design (MTHD). The proponents of MTHD dismiss HCD for various reasons; however, the fact that they use the same title, terms and phrases such as posthuman, decenter human, anti-anthropocentric; systematically or not, coherently or not, together they create a strong sense that HCD is passé and must be left behind. Anthropocentrism has gotten a lot of beatings from multiple quarters to the extent that the term carries now a negative connotation. This negative mood seems to get carried away and over to the criticisms of HCD as human-centered is synonymous with anthropocentric. My contribution is to point out, while anthropocentrism is a position of value; it might also be understood as an inescapable condition. Before the MTHD movement sweeps away indiscriminately all HCD, a more careful look is in order. KW - Design, Human-Centered, Posthuman, Anthropocentrism KW - More-Than-Human Y1 - 2026 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-87557 SN - 978-3-0356-3012-1 N1 - Preprint des Buchkapitels: Narcissistic- und Embodied Human-Centered-Design in Nutzen statt Besitzen: https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-oth-regensburg/frontdoor/index/index/start/0/rows/10/sortfield/score/sortorder/desc/searchtype/simple/query/978-3-0356-3012-1/docId/8847 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Sachenbacher, Martin A1 - Leucker, Martin T1 - Towards Monitoring and Diagnosis of Quantum Digital Twins T2 - Lecture Notes in Informatics (LNI) N2 - As access to larger-scale quantum computers is still limited, it is useful to simulate quantum algorithms on specialized programmable logic hardware such as FPGAs to exploit analogies between quantum and digital circuits, and allow for analysis and efficient debugging of quantum programs. Such simulations can be viewed as digital representations of actual physical systems, commonly referred to as Digital Twins (DTs). In previous work, we applied formal methods from runtime verification to synthesize monitors capable of real-time analysis of conventional DTs. Specifically, these monitors supervise alignment with their physical counterparts and support model-based diagnosis to identify potential root causes of observed deviations. In this short paper, we present ongoing work aimed at adapting and extending our approach to hardware-based simulation and analysis of quantum software on FPGAs, with the objective of improving both accuracy and resilience. Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-87546 VL - P-366 SP - 1767 EP - 1772 PB - Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V. CY - Bonn ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gschoßmann, Lukas A1 - Schedel, Valentin A1 - Süß, Franz A1 - Weber, Markus A1 - Pfingsten, Andrea A1 - Dendorfer, Sebastian T1 - Evaluating Knee Joint Loads Across Exercises and Activities of Daily Living to Personalize TKA Rehabilitation T2 - ISB 2025 - The XXX Congress of the International Society of Biomechanics, 27.-31. July 2025, Stockholm N2 - This study assessed knee joint loading during various physiotherapy exercises and activities of daily living in 30 healthy subjects. Results showed that lunges and squats caused the highest joint forces, while gait and stair activities also imposed substantial loads. These findings support datadriven exercise selection for personalized rehabilitation after total knee arthroplasty. Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-87252 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Chow, Rosan ED - Brandes, Uta ED - Bieling, Tom ED - Christensen, Michelle ED - Jonas, Wolfgang T1 - Narcissistic- und Embodied Human-Centered-Design T2 - Nutzen statt Besitzen N2 - In recent years, there have been calls to replace Human-Centered-Design (HCD) with More-Than-Human-Design (MTHD). The proponents of MTHD dismiss HCD for various reasons; however, the fact that they use the same title, terms and phrases such as posthuman, decenter human, anti-anthropocentric; systematically or not, coherently or not, together they create a strong sense that HCD is passé and must be left behind. Anthropocentrism has gotten a lot of beatings from multiple quarters to the extent that the term carries now a negative connotation. This negative mood seems to get carried away and over to the criticisms of HCD as human-centered is synonymous with anthropocentric. My contribution is to point out, while anthropocentrism is a position of value; it might also be understood as an inescapable condition. Before the MTHD movement sweeps away indiscriminately all HCD, a more careful look is in order. KW - Design KW - Human-Centered KW - Posthuman KW - Anthropocentrism Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-0356-3012-1 N1 - Preprint des Kapitels auf Englisch auch auf OPUS unter: https://doi.org/10.35096/othr/pub-8755 SP - 91 EP - 101 PB - Birkhäuser CY - Basel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rueckert, Tobias A1 - Rauber, David A1 - Maerkl, Raphaela A1 - Klausmann, Leonard A1 - Yildiran, Suemeyye R. A1 - Gutbrod, Max A1 - Nunes, Danilo Weber A1 - Moreno, Alvaro Fernandez A1 - Luengo, Imanol A1 - Stoyanov, Danail A1 - Toussaint, Nicolas A1 - Cho, Enki A1 - Kim, Hyeon Bae A1 - Choo, Oh Sung A1 - Kim, Ka Young A1 - Kim, Seong Tae A1 - Arantes, Gonçalo A1 - Song, Kehan A1 - Zhu, Jianjun A1 - Xiong, Junchen A1 - Lin, Tingyi A1 - Kikuchi, Shunsuke A1 - Matsuzaki, Hiroki A1 - Kouno, Atsushi A1 - Manesco, João Renato Ribeiro A1 - Papa, João Paulo A1 - Choi, Tae-Min A1 - Jeong, Tae Kyeong A1 - Park, Juyoun A1 - Alabi, Oluwatosin A1 - Wei, Meng A1 - Vercauteren, Tom A1 - Wu, Runzhi A1 - Xu, Mengya A1 - Wang, An A1 - Bai, Long A1 - Ren, Hongliang A1 - Yamlahi, Amine A1 - Hennighausen, Jakob A1 - Maier-Hein, Lena A1 - Kondo, Satoshi A1 - Kasai, Satoshi A1 - Hirasawa, Kousuke A1 - Yang, Shu A1 - Wang, Yihui A1 - Chen, Hao A1 - Rodríguez, Santiago A1 - Aparicio, Nicolás A1 - Manrique, Leonardo A1 - Lyons, Juan Camilo A1 - Hosie, Olivia A1 - Ayobi, Nicolás A1 - Arbeláez, Pablo A1 - Li, Yiping A1 - Al Khalil, Yasmina A1 - Nasirihaghighi, Sahar A1 - Speidel, Stefanie A1 - Rueckert, Daniel A1 - Feussner, Hubertus A1 - Wilhelm, Dirk A1 - Palm, Christoph T1 - Comparative validation of surgical phase recognition, instrument keypoint estimation, and instrument instance segmentation in endoscopy: Results of the PhaKIR 2024 challenge JF - Medical Image Analysis N2 - Reliable recognition and localization of surgical instruments in endoscopic video recordings are foundational for a wide range of applications in computer- and robot-assisted minimally invasive surgery (RAMIS), including surgical training, skill assessment, and autonomous assistance. However, robust performance under real-world conditions remains a significant challenge. Incorporating surgical context – such as the current procedural phase – has emerged as a promising strategy to improve robustness and interpretability. To address these challenges, we organized the Surgical Procedure Phase, Keypoint, and Instrument Recognition (PhaKIR) sub-challenge as part of the Endoscopic Vision (EndoVis) challenge at MICCAI 2024. We introduced a novel, multi-center dataset comprising thirteen full-length laparoscopic cholecystectomy videos collected from three distinct medical institutions, with unified annotations for three interrelated tasks: surgical phase recognition, instrument keypoint estimation, and instrument instance segmentation. Unlike existing datasets, ours enables joint investigation of instrument localization and procedural context within the same data while supporting the integration of temporal information across entire procedures. We report results and findings in accordance with the BIAS guidelines for biomedical image analysis challenges. The PhaKIR sub-challenge advances the field by providing a unique benchmark for developing temporally aware, context-driven methods in RAMIS and offers a high-quality resource to support future research in surgical scene understanding. KW - Surgical phase recognition KW - Instrument keypoint estimation KW - Instrument instance segmentation KW - Robot-assisted surgery Y1 - 2026 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.media.2026.103945 SN - 1361-8415 N1 - Corresponding author der OTH Regensburg: Tobias Rueckert Die Preprint-Version ist ebenfalls in diesem Repositorium verzeichnet unter: https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-oth-regensburg/solrsearch/index/search/start/0/rows/10/sortfield/score/sortorder/desc/searchtype/simple/query/2507.16559 VL - 109 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hollweck, Christoph A1 - Leidinger, Lukas A1 - Hartmann, Stefan A1 - Wagner, Marcus A1 - Wüchner, Roland T1 - An analysis of the critical time step size for explicit dynamics using trimmed B-splines, LR-splines, and THB-splines JF - Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering N2 - Isogeometric analysis (IGA) combined with explicit dynamics is increasingly used in academia and has already been successfully applied in industrial simulations, including crash and sheet-metal forming. Since explicit schemes are only conditionally stable, accurate estimation of the critical time step is essential for both stability and efficiency. Adaptive mesh refinement is widely used to balance accuracy and computational cost. In IGA, THB- and LR-splines break the tensor-product structure of standard B-splines and enable local refinement, but their effect on the critical time step under trimming has not been systematically studied - a key requirement for reliable time step estimation. We investigate the critical time step in explicit dynamic simulations using trimmed B-splines, LR-splines, and THB-splines, based on a lumped mass matrix obtained by simple row summation. One-dimensional bar, two-dimensional membrane, and trimmed shell models are analyzed to determine how trimming and local refinement influence element and system eigenfrequencies, which directly control the stable time step. Refined boundary elements in open knot vectors are identified as the main bottleneck. Trimming these elements can increase the stable time step, though certain trimming configurations introduce new restrictions. Results show that LR- and THB-splines impose time step constraints similar to B-splines, making them equally suitable for explicit simulations. We also present a general method for computing element-wise Bézier extraction operators for LR- and THB-splines, enabling straightforward integration into standard finite element solvers. The findings are validated through nonlinear sheet-metal forming simulations in LS-DYNA using shells discretized with trimmed B-, LR-, and THB-splines. This represents the first such application and demonstrates their practical feasibility for industrial use. Y1 - 2026 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cma.2025.118656 SN - 0045-7825 N1 - Corresponding author der OTH Regensburg: Christoph Hollweck VL - 450 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - GEN A1 - Amberger, Franziska T1 - Optimierung der Bemessung von Mauerwerksbauten unter Horizontallast Y1 - 2025 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Käss, Sebastian A1 - Strahringer, Susanne A1 - Westner, Markus T1 - Archetypes, Situations, and Practices : a Guide to Successful Low-Code Adoption JF - Information Resources Management Journal N2 - This paper extends prior work on low-code by explaining when adoption archetypes occur and how to use them. Motivated by information technology (IT) talent shortages and uneven low-code development platform (LCDP) outcomes, the paper seeks practical guidance for post-adoption choices in work systems. Using a multiple mini case study of 36 cases in large German organizations, this study analyzes interviews and context questionnaires with within-/cross-case coding and pattern matching against a 13-factor model. This analysis identifies situations that trigger three adoption archetypes—application development democratizers, synergy realizers, and IT resource shortage mitigators—and one non-adoption archetype, intricacy adversaries. The analysis also maps advantages and disadvantages and distills 12 good practices. Across adoption cases, efficiency is the dominant goal, whereas non-adoption stems from high application sophistication. The results give actionable guidance: align goals to an archetype, stick to LCDP standards, involve IT and foster an open culture, invest in skilling, reuse platform components, and reserve LCDPs for less-complex apps while planning architecture early. KW - Business-managed IT KW - Low-Code Development KW - Citizen Development KW - Shadow IT KW - Multiple Mini Case Studies KW - Work Systems Theory KW - Good Practices Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-87562 SN - 1040-1628 N1 - Corresponding author der OTH Regensburg: Markus Westner VL - 38 IS - 1 PB - IGI Global ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Westner, Markus ED - Hofbauer, Günter T1 - Generative AI in Business BT - Opportunities, Challenges, and Strategic Implications Authors Markus Westner T2 - Artificial Intelligence in Business and Engineering N2 - Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) is transforming industries at an unprecedented rate, offering novel opportunities for productivity and innovation. This article explores the adoption of GenAI, highlighting its accelerated uptake compared to previous technologies. Key topics include productivity gains through GenAI tools (e.g., ChatGPT, Klarna’s AI assistant), challenges such as data quality and organizational readiness, and the implications for business strategy. Practical recommendations for managing generative AI adoption and maximizing its impact on both individual and organizational levels are also provided. The analysis underscores the necessity of aligning AI capabilities with customer needs and creating data-driven, adaptable business models. KW - Generative AI KW - Productivity KW - Technology Adoption Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-17-046742-2 SP - 38 EP - 50 PB - Kohlhammer CY - Stuttgart ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Preiß, Niklas A1 - Westner, Markus T1 - From Agents to Copilots: a Systematic Review of Digital Assistant Technology Adoption in Proprietary Productivity Software T2 - Proceedings of the 20th Conference on Computer Science and Intelligence Systems (FedCSIS), September 14–17, 2025. Kraków, Poland N2 - This study provides a systematic review of how the impact and adaptation of digital assistant technologies (DATs) are defined, operationalized, and studied, synthesizing key domains where DATs generate or are expected to generate value. Based on an analysis of 61 articles published since 2013, it identifies five main areas of impact: productivity and efficiency, business development, resource optimization, quality enhancement, and the promotion of learning and creativity. The review highlights DAT adoption across various disciplines and industries, while revealing limited longitudinal research on benefits and adaptation. Key gaps remain in understanding strategic use and sustained impact. Future research should explore longitudinal comparisons of recently introduced generative AI-driven DATs and their organizational implications. This review contributes to information systems research by structuring current knowledge on DAT adoption and outcomes, and by proposing a research agenda to support deeper exploration of their value and long-term integration. KW - Digital Assistant Technology KW - Copilot KW - Generative AI KW - Technology Adoption KW - Productivity Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.15439/2025F3271 SN - 2300-5963 VL - 43 SP - 565 EP - 576 PB - Polish Information Processing Society ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Köhler, Jessica A1 - Harl, Maximilian Victor A1 - Westner, Markus A1 - Strahringer, Susanne T1 - Can AI be a Scholar? A Systematic Review on the Role of Generative AI in Systematic Literature Reviews T2 - 2025 27th International Conference on Business Informatics (CBI), 09-12 September 2025, Lisbon, Portugal N2 - Systematic literature reviews (SLRs) are foundational for research but resource-intensive to conduct. With the rise of large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT, generative AI (GenAI) tools are being increasingly explored for their potential to support and transform the SLR process. This study presents a systematic review of peerreviewed articles that examine how LLM-based GenAI tools are used in different SLR phases. Following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, we screened 1,846 publications published since January 2021 until April 2025 and selected 54 for in-depth analysis. Each study was coded by review phase, prompting approach, automation level, validation type and challenges. Our findings show that GenAI is most often used to support in the screening, search, and writing phases, typically through Basic Prompting and under human oversight. While many studies report efficiency gains, concerns remain regarding validity, transparency, and methodological rigor. Moreover, GenAI is frequently applied to isolated tasks but is rarely embedded in a structured, methodologically guided review processhighlighting the need for clearer phase-specific guidance and standards. We offer a structured, phase-specific synthesis that highlights both the promise and the current limitations of GenAI in literature reviews and thereby offer practical recommendations for the responsible use of GenAI in literature reviews. KW - Generative AI KW - Large Language Models KW - ChatGPT KW - Systematic Literature Review KW - Evidence Synthesis KW - AI-assisted Literature Review Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/CBI68102.2025.00012 SP - 1 EP - 11 PB - IEEE ER - TY - THES A1 - Fleischmann, Florian T1 - Ein Beitrag zur Bestimmung der Rheologischen Eigenschaften Selbstverdichtender Betone mit dem Kugel-Messsystem N2 - Zur Erfassung der rheologischen Eigenschaften Selbstverdichtender Betone (SVB) existieren unterschiedlichste Betonrheometer und Messsysteme. Aufgrund der besonderen Eigenschaften Selbstverdichtender Betone ist die Erfassung deutlich schwieriger als bei Flüssigkeiten und feinkörnigen Suspensionen. Vor allem die Zusammensetzung unterschiedlicher Ausgangsstoffe, die verwendete grobe Gesteinskörnung sowie die ablaufende Hydratation und die dabei entstehenden Wechselwirkungskräfte erschweren die Bestimmung der rheologischen Eigenschaften. Ferner haben diese Eigenheiten zur Folge, dass die geforderten Randbedingungen der klassischen Rheologie nicht mehr eingehalten sind und eine genormte Darstellung der Ergebnisse nicht möglich ist. Bei den existierenden Betonrheometern handelt es sich daher meist um Relativ-Messsysteme, die an die Rheometer der klassischen Rheologie angepasst sind. Eine exakte Bestimmung der rheologischen Eigenschaften Selbstverdichtender Betone ist daher schwierig. Ein Kennzeichen vieler Betonrheometer ist zudem die hohe Schergeschwindigkeit und die permanente Scherung der Probe. Diese Scherbelastung entspricht aber in den meisten Fällen nicht dem tatsächlichen Fließverhalten Selbstverdichtender Betone. Aufgrund dieser Sachlage hat sich diese Arbeit ergeben. Ziel war die Entwicklung eines Betonrheometers, das die speziellen Eigenschaften des SVB berücksichtigt und die tatsächlichen Fließbedingungen simuliert. Als Ausgangspunkt diente die exzentrisch rotierende Kugel (Kugel-Messsystem), die bereits für rheologische Untersuchungen von Leimen und Mörtel erfolgreich eingesetzt wird. Eine Kugel bewegt sich dabei auf einer Kreisbahn durch den Leim oder den Mörtel und erfasst das Widerstandsmoment bei definierter Geschwindigkeit. Rheometer auf der Grundlage des Kugel-Messsystems ermöglichen die Ermittlung von mehreren Fließparametern in frischen, ungestörten Zementleimen oder Selbstverdichtenden Mörtel. Durch geeignete Wahl des Messprofils können mit diesem Messsystem in kurzer Zeit genaue Informationen über das Fließverhalten ermittelt werden. In den hier beschriebenen Studien wurde das Kugel-Messsystem für Selbstverdichtende Betone adaptiert und an seine speziellen Randbedingungen angepasst. Bei der Messung kamen zwei grundlegende Messprofile zum Einsatz: Beim ersten Messprofil wurde ein Rampenprofil mit zu- und abnehmender Geschwindigkeit vorgegeben und die dazugehörigen Messwerte als Fließkurve dargestellt. Beim zweiten Messprofil wurde eine konstante Geschwindigkeit vorgegeben und die dabei ermittelte Schubspannung über den Messzeitraum bzw. über den zurückgelegten Weg der Kugel abgebildet. Als Resultat konnten die Fließgrenze und die Viskosität ausgewertet werden. Mit unterschiedlichen Messprofilen und den damit verbundenen unterschiedlichen Auswertungen wurden unterschiedlich definierte Fließgrenzen ermittelt und einander gegenübergestellt. Um den Zusammenhang mit dem Setzfließmaß und der Trichterauslaufzeit darzulegen, wurde das modifizierte Kugel-Messsystem anhand mehrerer SVBRezepturen verifiziert. Für die Bewertung des Fließverhaltens wurde jeder Abschnitt der Messkurven betrachtet und diskutiert. Um die Ergebnisse einordnen und mit anderen Rheometern vergleichen zu können, wurden aus den gemessenen Werten die rheologisch genormten Einheiten berechnet. Neben der Berechnung dieser genormten Einheiten, die in dieser V Arbeit kontrovers diskutiert wird, wurde auch das Strömungsverhalten der Kugel beim Durchfahren des Betons beobachtet und beschrieben. Ein weiterer wesentlicher Aspekt war die Betrachtung der Geschwindigkeit, mit der die Kugel durch den Beton fährt. Diese Geschwindigkeit hat einen beträchtlichen Einfluss auf die Ergebnisse der Messung. Bei zu geringer Geschwindigkeit konnte weder eine Fließkurve noch der Verlauf der Schubspannung bei konstanter Geschwindigkeit erzeugt werden. Bei zu hoher Geschwindigkeit war dagegen, zu Beginn der Messung eine zusätzliche Widerstandskraft infolge der hohen Beschleunigung der Kugel zu verzeichnen. Neben der Geschwindigkeit war auch der Strukturaufbau nach einer Ruhezeit von Bedeutung. Beobachtet wurde das Verhalten nach einer, drei, fünf, zehn und 20 Minuten. Es konnte beobachtet werden, dass es infolge der Hydratation und unterschiedlicher Wechselwirkungskräfte zu einem Strukturaufbau kommt, der sich deutlich auf die gemessenen Fließgrenzen (insbesondere die Statische Fließgrenze) und die Viskosität auswirkt. Die Reproduzierbarkeit der Ergebnisse wurde anhand unterschiedlicher Betonrezepturen und Wiederholungsversuchen gezeigt. Ein besonderes Augenmerk lag dabei in der Betrachtung eines variierenden Wassergehalts bei gleichbleibender Rezeptur. Mit dem modifizierten Kugel-Messsystem war es möglich, bereits geringe Wassergehaltsschwankungen (3 bis 5 l/m³) verlässlich zu erfassen. Das Messgerät wurde schließlich mit der Vane-Zelle und dem Platte/Platte-Messsystem verglichen. Ein direkter Vergleich der Messwerte war jedoch schwierig, da den drei Geräten unterschiedliche Messsysteme zugrunde liegen. Auch die Umrechnung der Messwerte in genormte rheologische Einheiten ist von Messgerät zu Messgerät unterschiedlich und die Ergebnisse somit nicht identisch. Ein Vergleich war aus diesem Grund nur qualitativ möglich. In dieser Arbeit konnte gezeigt werden, dass es möglich ist, mit einem Messgerät auf Grundlage der exzentrisch rotierenden Kugel, die rheologischen Eigenschaften Selbstverdichtender Betone zu bewerten. Dabei wurden die Bedingungen einer langsamen Schergeschwindigkeit und der Messung in frischem Beton eingehalten. Y1 - 2014 UR - https://www.baustoffe.ruhr-uni-bochum.de/bs/mam/content/dissertation_florian_fleischmann.pdf CY - Bochum ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schiegl, Corina A1 - Schroll-Decker, Irmgard A1 - Kurbel, Matthias T1 - Potenzial trotz schwerer Krankheit : Übergangswohnform zur außerklinischen Beatmungsentwöhnung eröffnet Option zur Selbstbestimmung JF - Forum Sozialarbeit + Gesundheit N2 - Selbstbestimmung gilt als wesentlicher Wert in der Sozialen Arbeit. Wenn Menschen ihre Bedürfnisse kennen und äußern können, trägt dies zum Wohlbefinden bei und steigert die subjektive Lebensqualität. Die Interventionen Sozialer Arbeit sollen es daher ermöglichen, dass Menschen über ihre eigenen Lebensbedingungen Kontrolle erhalten. Wie gestaltet sich aber die Selbstbestimmung bei einer Intensivpflegebedürftigkeit? Dieser Beitrag thematisiert, wie schwer erkrankte Menschen, die beispielsweise von einem Beatmungsgerät abhängig sind, ihre Selbstbestimmung verstehen. Anhand der Ergebnisse einer qualitativen Studie wird gezeigt, welche Aspekte von Selbstbestimmung bei schwersten krankheitsbedingten Einschränkungen individuell priorisiert werden. KW - Selbstbestimmung, außerklinisches Weaning Y1 - 2026 VL - 31 IS - 1 PB - utb CY - Stuttgart ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schroll-Decker, Irmgard T1 - Stephan Rixen / Eva Maria Welskop-Deffaa (Hrsg.): Klimasozialpolitik. Der Klimaschutz-Beschluss des Bundesverfassungsgerichts und seine Folgen JF - Socialnet Rezensionen Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.socialnet.de/rezensionen/30406.php PB - Socialnet GmbH CY - Bonn ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schroll-Decker, T1 - Michael Weber: Werkstätten für behinderte Menschen - Inklusionshemmnis oder Weg zur Teilhabe? JF - Socialnet Rezensionen Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.socialnet.de/rezensionen/30037.php PB - Socialnet GmbH CY - Bonn ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schroll-Decker, Irmgard T1 - Christina Hansen, Kathrin Plank (Hrsg.): Im Zwiegespräch mit Janusz Korczak. Was wir im Europa des 21. Jahrhunderts vom „Weltenwanderer, Tabubrecher und Kräftezähmer“ lernen können JF - Socialnet Rezensionen Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.socialnet.de/rezensionen/32917.php PB - Socialnet GmbH CY - Bonn ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wolfgramm, Alex A1 - Abb, Valerius A1 - Samp, Artur A1 - Samp, Rafal A1 - Hoffmann, Jens Christoph A1 - Müller, Rainer A1 - Kammler, Martin T1 - Structural and functional evolution of HKUST-1 nanoparticles induced by ball milling JF - Next Materials N2 - In this study, the effect of post-synthetic ball milling on the structural and functional properties of as-synthesized nanoparticles of the copper-based metal-organic framework (MOF) HKUST-1 was investigated for the first time. Nanoparticles were synthesized using sodium formate as a capping agent. The crystalline particles were subjected to a controlled ball milling process, which induced significant structural changes. Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) revealed a reduction in crystallite size from 91 nm to 21 nm and the introduction of microstrain, partially disrupting the MOF's long-range crystalline order, as evidenced by peak broadening and the diminished intensity of high-angle reflections. Particle morphology pre- and post-milling was further studied with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging, verifying a narrow particle size distribution of ± 22 nm after milling. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) indicated protonation of carboxylate groups in the larger pores of the framework, likely due to moisture incorporation during milling. Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis showed a substantial decrease in specific surface area from 521 m²/g to 226 m²/g, suggesting a partial collapse of the porous framework. We discuss the applicability of ball milling as a versatile means of post-synthetic approach to reduce MOF particle sizes, a key element in the preparation of MOF-based thin films using inks or polymers. KW - Ball milling KW - Copper-based metal-organic framework KW - HKUST-1 KW - Nitrogen adsorption Y1 - 2026 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nxmate.2025.101544 N1 - Corresponding author der OTH Regensburg: Alex Wolfgramm VL - 10 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schumm, Leon A1 - Haas, Jannik A1 - Peer, Rebecca A1 - Sterner, Michael T1 - The role of hydrogen offtaker regulation in highly renewable electricity systems JF - Energy N2 - The growing demand for green hydrogen necessitates a rapid scale-up of production and exports to meet decarbonization targets globally. However, current ramp-up efforts remain insufficient, calling for policies that unlock the potential of hydrogen as a low-carbon energy carrier. A key lever is the offtaker regulation, which impacts the pace and sustainability of export projects. This study investigates minimum renewable share requirements for hydrogen exports in countries with high renewable electricity shares. Using New Zealand as a case study, we develop a fully sector-coupled capacity expansion and dispatch model, integrating hydrogen and electricity network planning based on PyPSA-Earth. The model optimizes New Zealand’s energy system under varying export scenarios, renewable electricity shares, and resulting system impacts. We find that domestic electricity demand and renewable expansion rates dominate long-term outcomes, while progressive regulation enables short-term hydrogen and Power-to-X exports. Relaxing the renewable threshold from 80% to 60% triples export volumes from 2.5 TWh to 8.2 TWh by 2030. We propose a two-stage requirement: an initially progressive threshold to attract investment with low consequential emissions, followed by stricter regulation to prevent high emissions, rising domestic electricity prices, and declining hydrogen competitiveness. This framework, demonstrated for New Zealand, can guide hydrogen-exporting countries worldwide. KW - Climate neutrality KW - e-fuels KW - Emission intensity KW - Energy systems modelling KW - Hydrogen exports KW - Hydrogen offtaker regulation KW - Power-to-X Y1 - 2026 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2025.139513 N1 - Corresponding author der OTH Regensburg: Leon Schumm VL - 342 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Afanasev, Anna A1 - Höfer, Philipp A1 - Holtmannspötter, Jens A1 - Zimmer, Felix A1 - Ehrlich, Ingo T1 - Development of a continuous fiber-reinforced 3D printing process with a 6-axis robot arm: Process design and equipment JF - The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology N2 - The utilisation of 3D printing processes in the fabrication of continuous fiber-reinforced composites confers a multitude of advantages, in particular flexible design based on structural requirements. In order to achieve greater flexibility, there is a necessity for 3D printing systems that allow for customisable material selection and fiber positioning. This paper presents the design of a robot-based 3D printing system that incorporates an in-situ impregnation line and flexibility regarding the machine code generation for fiber positioning. The development of the system enabled the attainment of an average fiber volume content of up to 37.12%. In the tensile tests, material characteristics up to E1 = 24.7 GPa and strength of up to RM1 = 0.51 GPa were determined. Y1 - 2026 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-025-17263-3 SN - 0268-3768 N1 - Corresponding author der OTH Regensburg: Anna Afanasev PB - Springer ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Heinz, Florian A1 - Schildgen, Johannes T1 - Experience Report: Hey LLM, Generate SQL! JF - Datenbank-Spektrum N2 - Large Language Models have advanced to a resourceful tool with many applications. One particularly interesting use case is the LLM-aided generation of ad-hoc database queries and the possibility of subsequent processing of the results in a way suiting the users intents. In this article, practical ways and experiences are described on how to effectively use LLMs to map a natural-language user query to an SQL query conforming to a specific database schema and post-processing the results of this query in order to, for example, create an appealing visualization. Best results are achieved under favorable circumstances, as, for example, a clean and meaningful named database schema. Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-87863 N1 - Corresponding author der OTH Regensburg: Florian Heinz VL - 25 IS - 2 SP - 95 EP - 101 PB - Springer CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Korzec, Dariusz A1 - Freund, Florian A1 - Doelfs, Isabelle A1 - Zacherl, Florian A1 - Kudala, Lucas A1 - Rabl, Hans-Peter T1 - Low-Current High-Voltage Pulsed Atmospheric Arc Plasma Jet: Nanoparticle Emission from the Cathodic Spot JF - Plasma N2 - The atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) is a popular type of cold atmospheric plasma (CAP). APPJs based on a pulsed atmospheric arc (PAA) are widely spread in industrial processing. A plasma jet of this type, PlasmaBrush PB3 (PB3), is a subject of diverse research activities. The characteristic feature of PB3 is the generation of a low-current (300 mA), high-voltage (1500 V) pulsed (54 kHz) atmospheric arc. A gas flow vortex is used to stabilize the arc and to sustain the circular motion of the cathodic arc foot. During long periods of operation, nozzles acting as arc discharge cathodes erode. Part of the eroded material is emitted as nanoparticles (NPs). These NPs are not wanted in many processing applications. Knowledge of the number, type, and size distribution of emitted NPs is essential to minimize their emissions. In this study, NPs in the size range of 6 to 220 nm, emitted from four different nozzles operated with PB3, are investigated. The differences between the nozzles are in the eroded surface material (copper, tungsten, and nickel), the diameter of the nozzle orifice, the length of the discharge channel, and the position of the cathodic arc foot. Significant differences in the particle size distribution (PSD) and particle mass distribution (PMD) of emitted NPs are observed depending on the type and condition of the nozzle and their operating time. Monomodal and bimodal PMD models are used to approximate emissions from the nozzles with tungsten and copper cores, respectively. The skew-normal distribution function is deemed suitable. The results of this study can be used to control NP emissions, both to avoid them and to utilize them intentionally. KW - arc discharge KW - atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) KW - cathode erosion KW - cathodic spot KW - electrode erosion KW - low-current high-voltage pulsed atmospheric arc KW - nanoparticles KW - particle mass distribution (PMD) KW - particle number distribution (PND) KW - pulsed atmospheric arc (PAA) Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/plasma8040044 N1 - This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in Plasma Sciences 2025 VL - 8 IS - 4 PB - MDPI ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fillenberg, Barbara A1 - Reismann, Lydia A1 - Jochem, Carmen A1 - Pröhmer, Rahel A1 - de Ponte, Ulrike T1 - Planetare Gesundheit erfordert vernetztes Denken: ein blinder Fleck in der Bloomʼschen Lernzieltaxonomie? JF - Zeitschrift für Hebammenwissenschaft Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s44476-025-00015-3 VL - 13 IS - 2 SP - 74 EP - 78 PB - Springer CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Dünnweber, Jan A1 - Lorenz, Marcel A1 - Bräu, Fabian A1 - Saito, Hiroshi A1 - Melzer, Matthias T1 - Driving out the Bears from the Suburbs by Means of Location Theory and Intelligent Agents T2 - Proceedings of the ACM 12th International Conference on Animal-Computer Interaction, ACI 2025: The International Conference on Animal-Computer Interaction ; Indiana USA ; 01-04.12.2025 N2 - Due to the recent surge in bear attacks, affected municipalities have taken various measures to drive out the intruders. Political considerations include, in many places, the expansion of shooting permits. More and more regional governmental authorities invest in technologies for efficient bear hunting, such as IP cameras and computer vision. From an ecological perspective, such procedures, which are all solely aimed at decreasing the bear population, are questionable, since ecosystems can benefit from a peaceful coexistence of bears with humans: Bears remove animal carcasses and thus return vital nutrients to the soil and prevent the spread of diseases. Moreover, the bears keep the deer population in check, which is advantageous for the forest vegetation. Conflicts start, once the bears intrude populated areas, which are often rural villages and suburbs with a low population density. Naturally, bears do not see humans as prey and respect their size. When the animal attacks, this happens rather for territorial or protective reasons, e. g., after an unexpected encounter with humans unsettled it. In this work, we analyze means to eradicate the danger: We dynamically apply Weiszfeld’s algorithm for finding the shifting geometric median between time-windowed black bear sightings and use the results for implementing an early warning system. In addition, we weigh the spotted locations and predict the expected migration behavior between bear habitats using a simulation with intelligent agents. As a case study, we apply our software to data from Romania and Fukushima and identify the positions where bear repelling facilities should be placed most effectively. Y1 - 2025 SN - 9798400721236 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1145/3768539.3768546 PB - ACM CY - New York, NY, USA ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Lehmann, Lukas A1 - Herrmann, David A1 - Schaeffer, Leon A1 - Albaik, Mohammed A1 - Müller, Emily A1 - Rizzello, Gianluca A1 - Böhm, Valter T1 - Biomimetic Auxetic Compliant Tensegrity Metamaterial with Tunable Poisson's Ratio for the Application as a Soft Robotic Skin T2 - 2025 IEEE International Conference on Cyborg and Bionic Systems (CBS), Beijing, China ;10/17/2025 - 10/19/2025 N2 - The use of compliant tensegrity grids offers significant potential for adaptive and lightweight systems for applications in soft robotics. This paper presents foundational investigations into a new class of auxetic tensegrity metamaterials. This work demonstrates that the auxetic behavior of a tensegrity grid can be realized and tuned solely through the mechanical properties of tensioned members, without altering the equilibrium geometry, offering a key advantage over conventional auxetic structures with fixed topologies. To validate the concept, 3D-printed demonstrators are manufactured, tested and a possible application as a cylindrically shaped soft robotic skin is shown. Y1 - 2025 SN - 979-8-3315-9742-9 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/CBS65871.2025.11267590 SP - 188 EP - 193 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Nadimpalli, Vamsi Krishna A1 - Maier, Robert A1 - Staufer, Susanne A1 - Röhrl, Simon A1 - Ezer, Timur A1 - Grabinger, Lisa A1 - Hauser, Florian A1 - Mottok, Jürgen ED - Gómez Chova, Luis ED - González Martínez, Chelo ED - Lees, Joanna T1 - EXPERT SURVEYS TO REAL TIME ADAPTATION OF LEARNING PATHS T2 - ICERI2025 Proceedings N2 - Learning management systems rely on adaptive algorithms that use learner preferences to personalize the instructional content in form of learning paths. However, these preferences are uncertain in nature, and change over time. The present solutions are either static or purely data-driven missing the dynamic adaption to changes in the preferences and infusion of pedagogical nuances respectively. This paper introduces an extended variant of Nestor, our Bayesian network engine that models personality traits, learning styles, and learning strategies. This extension overlays a lightweight rule-based mechanism whose “secret recipe’’ lies in the infusion of expert-derived weights adapting learning paths dynamically whenever a learner selects new material in Moodle. To parameterise these rules, we conducted a structured survey with 12 hand-picked professors and researchers in educational science. Each expert responded to 4 demographic items and 12 item that are distributed across algorithm-overview, scenario-based, and example-based categories, thereby supplying the nuanced weightings that result the personalised recommendations. This hybrid system (Nestor plus the expert-infused rule layer) operated during the winter term of 2025. 18 students completed an end-of-term questionnaire. Although their learning gains were not recorded, the majority of respondents reported positive or neutral experiences with the dynamically adapted learning paths. The {Future work} will compare three engines: (i) the present dynamic, expert-infused rule layer on top of the static Bayesian network, (ii) purely data-driven machine-learning models that neglect expert weighting, and (iii) the original static-adaptation Bayesian network without rules. Analyses of log files, intermediate satisfaction surveys, and pre/post term surveys will clarify whether this on-the-fly adaptation and pedagogical nuance lead to measurable learning benefits. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.21125/iceri.2025.1571 SP - 5677 EP - 5687 PB - IATED ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schaffer, Josefa A1 - Ezer, Timur A1 - Röhrl, Simon A1 - Hauser, Florian A1 - Staufer, Susanne A1 - Nadimpalli, Vamsi Krishna A1 - Grabinger, Lisa A1 - Antoni, Erika A1 - Mottok, Jürgen ED - Gómez Chova, Luis ED - González Martínez, Chelo ED - Lees, Joanna T1 - EYE TRACKING GLASSES IN EDUCATIONAL SETTINGS: GUIDELINES ON DATA QUALITY T2 - ICERI2025 Proceedings N2 - Eye movement modeling examples, so-called EMME videos, are a valuable tool in education, helping learners better understand instructional content. Like conventional educational videos, EMME videos combine text, images, and voiceovers. However, they also display the instructor’s or teacher’s gaze, guiding learners attention to key elements. Although various approaches exist for creating EMME videos, there is currently no standardised guideline for ensuring gaze data quality. Eye tracking technology is essential to capture gaze behaviour, and in educational settings without a fixed computer monitor – such as when using blackboards or conducting live experiments – the usage of mobile eye tracking glasses is beneficial. An accuracy study is conducted using mobile eye tracking glasses to provide empirical guidance for the development of high-quality educational EMME videos and ensure that the instructor’s or teacher’s gaze is captured with high precision. The study uses the Tobii Pro Glasses 3 and involves a static and a dynamic setup with 34 participants. To gain insight into the effects of visual impairments on accuracy, we also include participants who wear contact lenses. In the static setup, participants are seated at a desk with a headrest and focus on a poster with nine fixation points. In the dynamic setup, participants are walking in a controlled half-circle around the poster while maintaining focus on its centre. Each setup is performed multiple times under varying lighting levels (300 lux, 700 lux) and distances between participant and poster (80 cm, 120 cm, 180 cm). This enables the simulation of diverse educational environments, including the possibility of a teacher’s or instructor’s movement. The study results will be evaluated regarding lighting conditions, the distance between the person wearing eye tracking glasses and the object, and possible influences of contact lenses. Based on these findings, favourable conditions for creating EMME videos in educational settings are collected, especially when working without a fixed computer monitor. The results address the outlined research gap by providing instructors and teachers with guidelines enabling them to produce high-quality educational EMME videos. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.21125/iceri.2025.1419 SP - 5027 EP - 5038 PB - IATED ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Kart, Mehmet A1 - Zimmer, Veronika ED - Arslan, Emre ED - Bozay, Kemal T1 - Antimuslimische Einstellungen junger Menschen in Deutschland: Erkenntnisse aus einer bundesweiten Befragung T2 - Symbolische Ordnung und Rassismuskritik N2 - In den letzten Jahrzehnten hat die zunehmende Pluralisierung der Gesellschaft zu intensiven Debatten über kulturelle, religiöse und nationale Identitäten geführt. Studien zeigen eine Zunahme demokratiefeindlicher Einstellungen in der deutschen Gesellschaft. Insbesondere Muslim:innen und Menschen, die als solche wahrgenommen werden, sind von Vorurteilen betroffen, die durch rechtspopulistische Narrative verstärkt werden. Dabei wird auch die Bedeutung der symbolischen Macht nach Bourdieu deutlich. Bestehende Hierarchien und Stereotypen führen zu sozialer Ausgrenzung und Diskriminierung von Muslim:innen. Die symbolische Gewalt manifestiert sich in rassistischen Strukturen und islamfeindlichen Demonstrationen. Dieser Beitrag präsentiert Ergebnisse einer Befragung zu antimuslimischen Einstellungen junger Menschen zwischen 16 und 27 Jahren in Deutschland. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass antimuslimische Einstellungen durch intensiven Kontakt mit Muslim:innen verringert werden können, insbesondere durch interethnische Freundschaften. Auf Basis der Kontakthypothese wird betont, dass freiwillige, gleichberechtigte Begegnungen in einem kooperativen Kontext Vorurteile abbauen können. Somit zeigt die Studie die Notwendigkeit auf, interkulturelle Begegnungen und Bildungsmaßnahmen zu fördern, um gegenseitiges Verständnis zu stärken. Zudem wird die Bedeutung von sicheren Räumen und Empowerment für junge Muslim:innen hervorgehoben, um ihre Partizipation und Selbstwirksamkeit zu fördern. Y1 - 2026 SN - 978-3-658-48145-2 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-48146-9_6 SP - 113 EP - 149 PB - Springer CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Alhulaibi, Ayham A1 - Frauenschläger, Tobias A1 - Mottok, Jürgen T1 - Towards Post-Quantum-Ready Automated Certificate Lifecycle Management in Operational Technology T2 - SECURWARE 2025, The Nineteenth International Conference on Emerging Security Information, Systems and Technologies, 26.-30.10.2025, Barcelona N2 - Operational Technology (OT) systems increasingly depend on robust and automated certificate lifecycle management to maintain secure operations across long device lifespans and constrained environments. As quantum-capable adversaries emerge, these systems must also support cryptographic agility and prepare for a seamless transition to Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC). This work presents a crypto-agile, post-quantum-ready testbed architecture that extends existing standards, such as Enrollment over Secure Transport (EST) and Bootstrapping Remote Secure Key Infrastructure (BRSKI), to support hybrid certificates, hardware-based key storage, and protocol flexibility for device bootstrapping and certificate management. A work-in-progress prototype implementation demonstrates support for both traditional and PQC algorithms across device types. Planned evaluations target performance on constrained devices, PQC readiness, and compatibility with alternative protocols. The system lays a foundation for secure and standards-compliant certificate management in future-proof OT deployments. KW - Automated Device Onboarding KW - BRSKI KW - Operational Technology Security. KW - Post-Quantum Cryptography KW - Public Key Infrastructure KW - Security Token Y1 - 2025 UR - https://www.thinkmind.org/library/SECURWARE/SECURWARE_2025 SN - 978-1-68558-306-4 SP - 112 EP - 116 PB - IARIA ER - TY - GEN A1 - Adler, Ina A1 - Förstl, Nikolas A1 - Čechová, Hana A1 - Nováček, Vít A1 - Süß, Franz A1 - Dendorfer, Sebastian T1 - Mechanistic analysis of pelvic floor functionality using musculoskeletal simulation T2 - ISB 2025 - The XXX Congress of the International Society of Biomechanics, 27-31 July 2025, Stockholm N2 - There is consensus that knowledge about the fundamentals of the pelvic floor remains incomplete, particularly regarding the sensitivity of individual pelvic floor muscles to posture variations. This study aimed to investigate the effects of variations in pelvic tilt and the point of force application induced by changes in posture on pelvic floor activity using musculoskeletal simulation. A parameter study analysed various loading cases, highlighting the coherent response of individual pelvic floor muscles to loads. Muscle activities and forces were compared across different force application points and pelvic tilt angles. A key finding was identifying peak muscle activity conditions that could help better understand the causes of pelvic floor disorders. Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-87294 ER - TY - INPR A1 - Cenko, Egidia A1 - Weimann, Thure Georg A1 - Raptis, Georgios T1 - Navigating the DiGA Jungle: A Taxonomy and Archetypal Framework of the German Digital Therapeutics Landscape N2 - Digital therapeutics (DTx) are patient-facing apps designed to support individuals in their daily lives. Therefore, they have thepotential to revolutionize healthcare by empowering and engaging patients to become active players in their own care. Despitethe increasing adoption of DTx in national healthcare systems, research on their design remains limited. The present studyintroduces “DiGATax”, a taxonomy designed to categorize and analyze DTx, including perspectives on content, interventiondelivery logic and technology, as well as the patient’s interface, consolidating and expanding upon prior taxonomic work.Based on n = 44 applications retrieved from the German DiGA directory that demonstrated positive health outcomes, thetaxonomy is supported by empirical evidence. Additionally, the study contributes by presenting an archetype frameworkof DTx derived from a taxonomy-based cluster analysis. Further analyses offer insights into specific combinations of DTxcharacteristics across archetypes, the user interface as a key factor in their acceptance, and potential links between DTxdesign and health-related and user engagement outcomes. By offering new insights into DTx design, this study contributestowards more organized research and reporting, ultimately paving the way for the development of effective solutions. It alsomarks a further step towards Meta-DTx, which aim to align patient care for multimorbid patients under one umbrella. KW - Archetypes KW - Digital Behavior Change Interventions KW - Digital Therapeutics KW - mHealth KW - Taxonomy Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.64898/2025.12.30.25343225 N1 - Peer-reviewed Version ebenfalls auf OPUS: https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-oth-regensburg/10200 SP - 1 EP - 26 PB - medRxiv ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Höß, Nicole A1 - Mauerer, Wolfgang T1 - Generative KI: Vom technologischen Paradigmenwechsel zur Vision einer neuen Ära im Straßenverkehr JF - Straßenverkehrstechnik N2 - Generative Künstliche Intelligenz (KI) geht bereits mit enormen Effizienzsteigerungen für Domänen einher, die von Kreativität profitieren. Die Fähigkeit, beliebig viele realitätsnahe Daten zu synthetisieren, bietet jedoch auch neue Potenziale für Anwendungen, die bisher aufgrund fehlender Datenmengen noch nicht den Sprung in die Praxis überwunden haben. Im Straßenverkehr betrifft dies z. B. das autonome Fahren in herausfordernden Situationen. Um neue Anwendungspotenziale zu erschließen, ist es allerdings erforderlich, die grundlegende Funktionsweise der Technologie gepaart mit ihren Chancen und Herausforderungen zu verstehen. Dieser Fachbeitrag dient deshalb als erste Einführung in die generative KI, indem er einen Überblick über zentrale Modelle, ihre grundlegenden Ideen und Funktionsweisen gibt. Darauf basierend werden typische Problemarten aufgezeigt, die mit generativer KI neu betrachtet und besser gelöst werden können – allgemein und spezifisch für den Straßenverkehr. Unter gleichzeitiger Betrachtung derzeitiger Limitierungen dient der Beitrag als Entscheidungshilfe für die Selektion passender generativer oder klassischer KI-Verfahren. N2 - Generative artificial intelligence (AI) is associated with enormous increases in efficiency for domains that benefit from creativity. However, the ability to synthesize any amount of realistic data also offers new potential for applications that have not yet made the leap into practice due to a lack of data. In road traffic, for example, this applies to autonomous driving in challenging situations. However, in order to unlock new application potential, it is necessary to understand the basic functioning of the technology coupled with its opportunities and challenges. This article therefore serves as a gentle introduction to generative AI by providing an overview of central models, their fundamental ideas and function. Based on this, we present typical problem types that can be revisited and profit from generative AI – in general and specifically for road traffic. While at the same time considering current limitations, the article serves as a decision support for the selection of suitable generative or classic AI methods. T2 - Generative AI: From a technological paradigm shift to a vision of a new era in road transport Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.53184/SVT4-2025-2 SN - 0039-2219 VL - 6 IS - 4 SP - 247 EP - 252 PB - Kirschbaum Verlag GmbH ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schönberger, Manuel A1 - Trummer, Immanuel A1 - Mauerer, Wolfgang T1 - Large-Scale Multiple Query Optimisation with Incremental Quantum(-Inspired) Annealing T2 - Proceedings of the ACM on Management of Data N2 - Multiple-query optimization (MQO) seeks to reduce redundant work across query batches. While MQO offers opportunities for dramatic performance improvements, the problem is NP-hard, limiting the sizes of problems that can be solved on generic hardware. We propose to leverage specialized hardware solvers for optimization, such as Fujitsu's Digital Annealer (DA), to scale up MQO to problem sizes formerly out of reach. We present a novel incremental processing approach that combines classical computation with DA acceleration. By efficiently partitioning MQO problems into sets of partial problems, and by applying a dynamic search steering strategy that reapplies initially discarded information to incrementally process individual problems, our method overcomes capacity limitations, and scales to extremely large MQO instances (up to νm1000 queries). A thorough and comprehensive empirical evaluation finds our method substantially outperforms existing approaches. Our generalisable framework lays the ground for other database use-cases on quantum-inspired hardware, and bridges towards future quantum accelerators. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1145/3749171 VL - 3 IS - 4 PB - ACM ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Mauerer, Wolfgang ED - Ali, Shaukat ED - Barzen, Johanna ED - Delgado, Andrea ED - Müller, Hausi A. ED - Murillo, Juan Manuel T1 - Quantum Software = Quantum minus Software? T2 - Dagstuhl Reports : Quantum Software Engineering : Report from Dagsthul Seminar 24512 N2 - The Dagstuhl Seminar 24512 on "Quantum Software Engineering" was held from December 15 to 20, 2024. It brought together 26 participants from industry and academia from 13 different countries, including senior and junior researchers as well as practitioners in the field of Quantum Software Engineering. The aim of the seminar was to advance software engineering methods and tools for the engineering of hybrid quantum systems by promoting personal interaction and open discussion among researchers who are already working in this emerging area of knowledge. The first day of the seminar was devoted to the topic "When software engineering meets quantum mechanics", while the second day focused on "Quantum software engineering and its challenges." During both days, 16 invited presentations were given. The rest of the seminar was organized into three working groups to address the topics "Quantum Software Design, Modelling and Architecturing", "Adaptive Hybrid Quantum Systems", and "Quantum Software Quality Assurance". The seminar was a very fruitful experience for all participants both in terms of scientific outcomes and in terms of the personal relationships that were generated to jointly address future experiences. Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-230469 VL - 14 IS - 12 SP - 73 EP - 74 PB - Dagstuhl Publishing ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Krüger, Tom A1 - Mauerer, Wolfgang T1 - Out of the Loop: Structural Approximation of Optimisation Landscapes and non-Iterative Quantum Optimisation JF - Quantum N2 - The Quantum Approximate Optimisation Algorithm (QAOA) is a widely studied quantum-classical iterative heuristic for combinatorial optimisation. While QAOA targets problems in complexity class NP, the classical optimisation procedure required in every iteration is itself known to be NP-hard. Still, advantage over classical approaches is suspected for certain scenarios, but nature and origin of its computational power are not yet satisfactorily understood. By introducing means of efficiently and accurately approximating the QAOA optimisation landscape from solution space structures, we derive a new algorithmic variant of unit-depth QAOA for two-level Hamiltonians (including all problems in NP): Instead of performing an iterative quantum-classical computation for each input instance, our non-iterative method is based on a quantum circuit that is instance-independent, but problem-specific. It matches or outperforms unit-depth QAOA for key combinatorial problems, despite reduced computational effort. Our approach is based on proving a long-standing conjecture regarding instance-independent structures in QAOA. By ensuring generality, we link existing empirical observations on QAOA parameter clustering to established approaches in theoretical computer science, and provide a sound foundation for understanding the link between structural properties of solution spaces and quantum optimisation. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2025-11-06-1903 N1 - Die Preprint-Version ist ebenfalls in diesem Repositorium verzeichnet unter: https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-oth-regensburg/frontdoor/index/index/start/2/rows/10/sortfield/score/sortorder/desc/searchtype/simple/query/Out+of+the+Loop/docId/7938 VL - 9 PB - Verein zur Förderung des Open Access Publizierens in den Quantenwissenschaften ER - TY - INPR A1 - Köster, Dominik A1 - Porkert, Florian A1 - Volbert, Klaus T1 - Multi-Day Scheduling for Electric Vehicle Routing: A Novel Model and Comparison Of Metaheuristics N2 - The increasing use of electric vehicles (EVs) requires efficient route planning solutions that take into account the limited range of EVs and the associated charging times, as well as the different types of charging stations. In this work, we model and solve an electric vehicle routing problem (EVRP) designed for a cross-platform navigation system for individual transport. The aim is to provide users with an efficient route for their daily appointments and to reduce possible inconveniences caused by charging their EV. Based on these assumptions, we propose a multi-day model in the form of a mixed integer programming (MIP) problem that takes into account the vehicle's battery capacity and the time windows of user's appointments. The model is solved using various established metaheuristics, including tabu search (TS), adaptive large neighborhood search (ALNS), and ant colony optimization (ACO). Furthermore, the performance of the individual approaches is analyzed using generated ensembles to estimate their behavior in reality and is compared with the exact results of the Google OR-Tools solver. 6 pages, 5 figures KW - Charging stations KW - Electric vehicles KW - Metaheuristics KW - Smart cities KW - Vehicle routing Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2512.21346 ER - TY - INPR A1 - Fischer, Johannes A1 - Hirsch, Thomas A1 - Reitmeier, Torsten A1 - Bierl, Rudolf T1 - Real-time hardware-based processing of high-precision detector signals for surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy N2 - Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is limited by small-signal detectability and drift when subtraction occurs in software after digitization. We introduce an SPR detector that performs on-detector amplification and analog differential readout, eliminating moving parts and software-heavy correction. The hardware-native subtraction boosts the usable ADC range and suppresses illumination and environmental noise. In fixed-angle refractive-index steps (NaCl), the platform resolves Δn_min ≈ 1.8 × 10⁻⁷ RIU compared to 4.6–7.2 × 10⁻⁶ RIU on a commercial comparator and improves small-signal SNR by up to ∼5,000-fold, while remaining competitive at high signal levels. In a model IgG–BSA assay, the detector’s low noise floor clarifies early binding and equilibrium transitions. By generating inherently clean raw signals, this hardware-native approach dramatically enhances sensitivity and long-term stability for label-free biosensing and inline process analytics while rendering AI-based or complex post-processing entirely unnecessary. The concept generalizes across platforms and opens a compact route to robust, high-fidelity SPR in complex environments, with a clear path toward multi-wavelength and arrayed detectors for high-throughput chemical monitoring. KW - Drift-free SPR KW - Hardware-native sensing KW - Noise suppression KW - On-detector amplification KW - Small-signal detection KW - Surface plasmon resonance Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5971170 N1 - Peer-reviewed Version: https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-oth-regensburg/10193 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schamel, Marco A1 - Achhammer, Anton A1 - Schumm, Leon A1 - Sterner, Michael T1 - Harvesting Sustainability: Cost-competitiveness of Green Fertilizer Value Chains in Western Africa T2 - Proceedings of the 2025 IEEE PES/IAS PowerAfrica Conference (PAC 2025): pioneering sustainable energy solutions for Africa's Future, 28.09-02.10 2025, Cairo, Egypt N2 - The use of nitrogen fertilizers in Sub-Saharan Africa is low compared to other regions of the world, leading to inadequate crop yields. Furthermore, conventional production from fossil fuel-based ammonia is highly emissions-intensive, making decarbonization urgent. Local production using green hydrogen, sourced solely from solar energy, water, and air, could address both agricultural and climate challenges. This study focuses on Ghana, where nitrogen inputs are among the lowest globally. Using an open-source framework, we evaluate high-resolution production costs for sustainable ammonia and examine two decarbonized pathways: aqueous ammonia and urea. It is found that cost estimates with current assumptions mostly exceed historical prices. However, given their resilience to global market disruptions and expected future cost decreases of the technologies used, these sustainable approaches represent a promising pathway for development in Sub-Saharan Africa. Y1 - 2025 SN - 979-8-3315-9850-1 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/PowerAfrica65840.2025.11289137 PB - IEEE ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schroll-Decker, Irmgard T1 - Rainald Manthe: Demokratie fehlt Begegnung. Über Alltagsorte des sozialen Zusammen-halts. JF - Socialnet Rezensionen Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.socialnet.de/rezensionen/32854.php PB - Socialnet GmbH CY - Bonn ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schroll-Decker, Irmgard T1 - Erich Schützendorf, Jürgen Datum: Anderland entdecken, erleben, begreifen. Ein Reise-führer in die Welt von Menschen mit Demenz. JF - Socialnet Rezensionen Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.socialnet.de/rezensionen/32333.php PB - Socialnet GmbH CY - Bonn ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schroll-Decker, Irmgard T1 - Harm Kuper, Michael Schemmann: Institutionen der Weiterbildung. JF - Socialnet Rezensionen Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.socialnet.de/rezensionen/31704.php PB - Socialnet GmbH CY - Bonn ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schroll-Decker, Irmgard T1 - Verena Klomann, Angelika Schmidt-Koddenberg (Hrsg.): Studienpionier:innen und Soziale Arbeit: Motive, Herausforderungen und gesellschaftliche Konsequenzen. JF - Socialnet Rezensionen Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.socialnet.de/rezensionen/30860.php PB - Socialnet GmbH CY - Bonn ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schroll-Decker, Irmgard T1 - Gerd Grampp: Lernort Wohnung. Befähigung als Assistenzleistung in der Eingliederungshilfe. JF - Socialnet Rezensionen Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.socialnet.de/rezensionen/32198.php PB - Sozialnet CY - Bonn ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ginster, Vinzenz A1 - Weigert, Alexander A1 - Heym, Maximilian Klaus A1 - Beier, Christoph Jürgen Anton A1 - Schiebahn, Alexander A1 - Galka, Stefan T1 - Factory simulation of adhesive bonding processes considering pot-life-induced waste JF - Journal of Advanced Joining Processes N2 - The simulation of production systems in the planning phase is an established tool for evaluating system performance under dynamic conditions (Da Silva et al., 2018). When planning a production system that includes time-critical processes such as adhesive bonding, exceeding time constraints (e.g., excessive lead times relative to the adhesive pot-life) can lead to product rejection and scrap. These risks should be analyzed by means of simulation, as it enables the consideration of stochastic effects such as random machine breakdowns, which significantly influence product lead times. This study focuses on the production of adhesively bonded electrolyzer-cells. Due to the cell design, several handling and stacking operations must be carried out between adhesive application and final joining, so that immediate joining is not feasible and pot-life-induced scrap becomes a critical risk factor. We therefore conducted an exploratory investigation that combines experimental pot-life characterization with discrete-event simulation of a planned electrolyzer-cell production system. A two-component epoxy adhesive was characterized using differential scanning calorimetry with kinetic analysis, rotational rheometry, and 90° peel tests on application-representative joints. Based on these tests, an application-specific pot-life was derived and implemented as a time-dependent quality criterion in the discrete-event simulation model. A full-factorial simulation study with varied buffer size and mean time to repair at a station availability of 98 % was carried out. The results demonstrated a pronounced trade-off between throughput and pot-life-induced waste and identified a buffer capacity of one and short repair times as the most favorable configuration. Extending pot-life due to different processing temperatures substantially reduced scrap, highlighting the benefit of integrating curing kinetics and dynamic simulation in early-stage production system design for time-critical adhesive processes. KW - Digital Twin, Simulation, Logistics Y1 - 2026 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jajp.2026.100375 SN - 2666-3309 VL - 13 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Sadeque, Md. Golam A1 - Ahmmed, Tanvir A1 - Hossain, Md. Aowal A1 - Rahman, Md. Naimur A1 - Sarker, Md Tanjil A1 - Ramasamy, Gobbi T1 - A Novel CWT-CNN Framework for Driver Fatigue Detection from EEG Signals T2 - 2025 Multimedia University Engineering Conference (MECON), 21-23 July 2025, Cyberjaya, Malaysia N2 - Fatigued driving has been a significant contributor to traffic accidents globally, posing serious threats to both human life and economic stability. Machine learning techniques based on electroencephalography (EEG) are showing promise for detecting driver fatigue, excelling other physiological modalities in this regard. However, it requires a lot of exertion, demands domain knowledge, and may not generalize effectively across different datasets to manually extract features from EEG signals. Therefore, investigating innovative deep-learning architectures that can effectively extract discriminative characteristics from unprocessed EEG data is necessary. This paper proposes a novel framework for driver fatigue detection from EEG signals using Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT) and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN). Rather than depending on hand-crafted feature extraction, we use CWT to convert EEG data into time-frequency spectrum pictures. After concatenating these spectral images from every channel, a CNN is fed to learn discriminative features for driver normal and fatigued states automatically. An average classification accuracy of 98.3% is obtained by evaluating the proposed CWT-CNN system on a publicly available EEG dataset comprising recordings from twelve subjects. The results obtained indicate that the CWT-CNN framework has enormous potential to create strong driver fatigue detection systems, thereby enhancing road safety. KW - CNN KW - CWT KW - Deep Learning (DL) KW - Driver Fatigue KW - EEG Y1 - 2025 SN - 979-8-3315-5549-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/MECON67253.2025.11277149 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - de Oliveira, L.E.D. A1 - Gualtieri, C. A1 - Janzen, J. G. A1 - Folke, Frederik A1 - Huber, N. P. A1 - Wittmann, F. A1 - Franca, M. J. ED - Carnacina, Iacopo ED - Abdellatif, Mawada ED - Andredaki, Manolia ED - Cooper, James ED - Lumbroso, Darren ED - Ruiz-Villanueva, Virginia T1 - Hydrodynamics of an asymmetrical compound channel with nature-based vegetation distribution T2 - River Flow 2024 N2 - Natural streams commonly feature a compound channel characterized by main channels and floodplains. During flood events, sediment and particulate organic matter deposition in floodplains promotes vegetation growth, influencing river hydrodynamics and ecosystems. Current hydrodynamics investigations frequently employ arbitrary vegetation characteristics, potentially misrepresenting natural conditions. This study experimentally explores compound-channel flows in which the floodplain is occupied with natural vegetation characteristics sourced from the Upper Rhine, including both young and mature plants. A 30 m long, 5 m wide asymmetrical compound channel with a 0.5‰ longitudinal slope was used. Two flow conditions, deep and intermediary flow, were tested. Velocity and depth data were collected under simulated flow conditions corresponding to a 15 to 20-year return period. Vegetation accentuated the shear between the floodplain and the main channel, compared to non-vegetated conditions. Furthermore, vegetation effects on water depth were observed downstream the patch until 1.75 times the vegetation patch length. Y1 - 2025 SN - 9781003475378 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003475378-144 SP - 994 EP - 1000 PB - CRC Press CY - London ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Galka, Stefan A1 - Meißner, Sebastian T1 - Simulation-Based Digital Twins for Internal Transport Systems T2 - Procedia Computer Science N2 - The increasing complexity of internal transport systems in industrial applications poses significant challenges for operational decision-making. This paper presents a simulation-based Digital Twin framework developed within the research project TwinTraSys to support the control of such systems. The framework is specifically tailored to the constraints of real-world IT infrastructures, requiring minimal transaction data, while enabling predictive analysis and dynamic scenario evaluation. It consists of a modular architecture divided into four core components: data provision, data preparation, simulation, and decision support. A dedicated simulation framework enables the automated generation of structural models and the integration of real-world operational control systems. The proposed approach has been validated in industrial settings and has demonstrated its ability to support resource planning and transport resource allocation through simulation-based experimentation and multi-criteria evaluation. This paper contributes to the practical advancement of Digital Twin applications in intralogistics by bridging the gap between theoretical models and real-world constraints. KW - Digital Twin KW - Intralogistics KW - Logistics KW - Operational Control KW - Simulation KW - Simulation-based Decision Support Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2025.12.016 N1 - Corresponding author der OTH Regensburg: Stefan Galka VL - 274 SP - 161 EP - 170 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Westner, Markus A1 - Strasser, Artur T1 - Objectives and Key Results verstehen und anwenden N2 - Dieses essential gibt eine strukturierte und kompakte Einführung in die Objectives and Key Results-Managementmethode. Es erläutert Herkunft, Definition und Einsatzzweck von Objectives and Key Results (OKR) und beschreibt deren zentrale Bestandteile. Leser:innen erfahren, wie gute Objectives und Key Results formuliert werden und welche Strategien sich zur erfolgreichen Implementierung eignen. Zudem werden praxisrelevante Erfolgs- und Misserfolgsfaktoren analysiert, die den Einsatz von OKR maßgeblich beeinflussen. Ein fundierter Leitfaden für alle, die OKR als Steuerungsinstrument in Organisationen verstehen und wirksam einsetzen möchten. KW - Objectives and Key Results (OKR) KW - Zielmanagement KW - Performance Management KW - Strategieumsetzung KW - Kennzahlen / KPI Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-658-50381-9 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-50382-6 PB - Springer Gabler CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hopfensperger, Bernhard A1 - Vanselow, Marcel A1 - Hopkins, Andrew A1 - Hahn, Ingo T1 - Investigation of the Effect of Magnetic Coupling on the Capacitor Current of Dual Three-Phase Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine Drives T2 - 2025 Energy Conversion Congress & Expo Europe (ECCE Europe); Birmingham, United Kingdom ; 9/1/2025 - 9/4/2025 N2 - The drive towards electrification of vehicles and transport systems has led to research into multiphase drive topologies beyond the conventional three. Dual three-phase machine drives are attractive due to reduced torque and DC-link harmonic content in addition to fault tolerance. Further DC-link rms-current reductions can be realised by applying appropriate modulation schemes and shifting/interleaving PWM patterns. However, the magnetic cross coupling between the two three-phase systems impacts the output current harmonics and subsequently the torque ripple which is further exacerbated by interleaving of their respective carriers. The impact of magnetic coupling on the DC-link and output current ripples is investigated. Y1 - 2025 SN - 979-8-3315-6752-1 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE-Europe62795.2025.11238664 PB - IEEE ER - TY - GEN A1 - Krysztof, Michal A1 - Baranowski, Kamil A1 - Zychla, Michal A1 - Hausladen, Matthias A1 - Schreiner, Rupert A1 - Knápek, Aleksandr T1 - MP61 - Detection of Electron Beam in Atmospheric Pressure Using CMOS Image Sensor T2 - EUROSENSORS XXXVII ; 07.09.2025 - 10.09.2025 ; Wroclaw ; Poster I N2 - In the article, a new detection system that enables observation of the electron beam signal passing through a gas layer at atmospheric pressure is presented. An experimental setup consisting of an elec-tron gun (electron emitter, extraction, and focus electrodes), silicon nitride membrane, and a CMOS image sensor is described, as well as first image of the electron beam spot after passing through 400 µm of air at atmospheric pressure is presented. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5162/EUROSENSORS2025/MP61 SP - 325 EP - 326 PB - AMA ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hauser, Florian A1 - Staufer, Susanne A1 - Röhrl, Simon A1 - Nadimpalli, Vamsi Krishna A1 - Ezer, Timur A1 - Grabinger, Lisa A1 - Mottok, Jürgen A1 - Falter, Thomas ED - Gómez Chova, Luis ED - González Martínez, Chelo ED - Lees, Joanna T1 - LEVERAGING FIVE QUESTIONNAIRES TO ANALYZE STUDENT LEARNING STRATEGIES AND GENERATE AI-POWERED INDIVIDUALIZED LEARNING PATHS T2 - ICERI2025 Proceedings N2 - Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly accelerated the shift toward online and blended learning in higher education, placing renewed emphasis on the individualization of learning content to meet diverse student needs. Even high-quality learning materials may fail to engage learners if they do not align with students’ personal preferences and learning styles. Identifying these learner preferences, therefore, emerges as a critical challenge. Objectives: This paper presents ongoing work within a larger research project aimed at employing artificial intelligence to recommend optimal learning path for students in specific courses. Beyond mere optimization, the goal is to ensure the best possible fit between learning materials and individual learners. Sample & Methods: A total of 27 students from technical degree programs took part in this survey. All participation was voluntary, and data were handled in full compliance with GDPR regulations. Although our broader project integrates fine-grained learning analytics from Moodle, the present abstract focuses exclusively on the self-report questionnaire results. Participants completed five instruments: 1. Index of Learning Styles (ILS) 2. LIST-K (Learning and Study Strategies Inventory – Short version) 3. BFI-10 (Big Five Inventory – 10 items) 4. Custom Preferences Instrument, capturing preferences for specific learning elements (e.g. instructional videos, lecture notes, summaries) and basic demographic data 5. Motivational Value Systems Questionnaire (MVSQ), piloted last semester to assess value orientations and motivational drivers Results: Preliminary analyses of the questionnaire data reveal: - Learning Styles (ILS): The majority lean toward the visual learning type (M = 5.740, SD = 3.430). - Learning Strategies (LIST-K): High scores on metacognitive strategies (M = 3.000; SD = 0.520) and collaboration with peers (M = 3.190; SD = 0.540). - Preferred Learning Elements: Summaries, overviews, and self-checks are most favored. - Value Orientations (MVSQ): Students are primarily driven by the pursuit of personal achievement (M = 4.400; SD = 11.140). Conclusion & Significance: By integrating these five standardized questionnaires, we gain valuable insights into student learning preferences—insights that complement our Moodle analytics in the broader project. Observed trends suggest that learning materials should be concise and designed to facilitate peer interaction and knowledge deepening. These findings will guide the refinement of our AI-driven recommendation engine, enhancing its ability to deliver personalized learning paths that boost both engagement and effectiveness. KW - AI in higher education KW - learning management system KW - adaptive learning KW - personalized learning paths KW - online and blended learning Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.21125/iceri.2025.0658 SP - 1775 EP - 1784 PB - IATED ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gleißner, C. A1 - Popp, J. A1 - Rödle, E. A1 - Wagner, T. A1 - Mertens, Johannis A1 - Pfingsten, Andrea T1 - PNE – Schmerzen verstehen, vermitteln, verändern: Anforderungen an instruktives Videomaterial T2 - physioscience N2 - Einleitung Ein häufiger Irrglaube unter Patient*innen ist, dass Schmerz direkt mit Gewebeschäden in Korrelation steht. Die Pain Neuroscience Education (PNE) vermittelt mithilfe einfacher Metaphern ein besseres Verständnis von Schmerz, was sich positiv auf Schmerzempfinden, Angstvermeidung und Alltagsbewältigung auswirkt. Fehlendes Wissen über Schmerzphysiologie und eine Unsicherheit in der Umsetzung von PNE stehen der Anwendungsbereitschaft im deutschsprachigen Raum entgegen. Ziel des Projekts war es, die Anforderungen von Physiotherapeut*innen an ein Anleitungsvideo zu PNE zu ermitteln. Die Ergebnisse sollen die Entwicklung eines praxisnahen, nutzerfreundlichen Videos unterstützen. Material und Methodik Die Studie basiert auf fünf leitfadengestützten Interviews mit Physiotherapeut*innen mit Bachelorabschluss und Vorkenntnissen in PNE. Die Auswertung erfolgte mittels qualitativer Inhaltsanalyse nach Kuckartz unter Verwendung von MAXQDA. Ergebnisse Das Kategoriensystem umfasst: beruflicher Hintergrund, bisherige Erfahrungen mit PNE, hilfreiche Videoinhalte, Struktur und Dauer, Praxisrelevanz, Didaktik und Gestaltung. Die teilnehmenden Physiotherapeut*innen setzen PNE bislang eher selektiv ein – bedingt durch Zeitmangel, Erwartung aktiver Therapieformen und begrenzte Erfahrung. Eingesetzt werden strukturierte Tools sowie freie Gespräche. Als hilfreich gelten visuelle Darstellungen, praxisnahe Metaphern und deutschsprachige Erklärungen. Gewünscht werden alltagsnahe Beispiele, gezielte Metaphern, Patientenzentrierung sowie Anpassung an Wissen und Verständnisniveau. Relevante Inhalte umfassen Schmerz- und Neurophysiologie, das bio-psycho-soziale Modell, psychoedukative Aspekte (z. B. Schlaf) und Therapiekonzepte. Fehler wie unklare Sprache, unpassende Beispiele und fehlender individueller Bezug sollen im Video aufgegriffen werden. Bevorzugt werden kurze, modulare Videos (5–10 Min.), thematisch gegliedert, mit animierten Darstellungen, ruhiger Off-Stimme und klarer, patientengerechter Sprache. Zusammenfassung Physiotherapeut*innen nutzen PNE bislang selektiv, bedingt durch Zeitmangel und fehlende Erfahrung. Für ein hilfreiches Anleitungsvideo werden kurze, modulare Einheiten (5–10 Min.), visuelle Metaphern, patientenzentrierte Inhalte und eine klare, einfache Sprache bevorzugt. Relevante Inhalte sind Schmerzphysiologie, das bio-psycho-soziale Modell und Therapiemechanismen. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0045-1811334 VL - 21 IS - S02 SP - S24 EP - S25 PB - Thieme ER - TY - GEN A1 - Markov-Glazer, Alon A1 - Schliermann, Rainer T1 - Qualitative Exploration of Applied Sport Psychology Practices in Deaflympic Sports N2 - Introduction Athletes competing in elite Deaf sports, known as Deaflympic sports, display unique sociocultural characteristics (Clark & Mesch, 2018). Yet, sport psychology research has largely overlooked this group of athletes for decades (Markov-Glazer et al., 2023). This study therefore aimed to examine sport psychology practices in Deaflympic sport, focusing on identifying distinctive characteristics, needs, and preferences of this athlete group. Methodology To achieve this goal, six in-depth focus group interviews were conducted with 23 active Deaflympic athletes (26.1% female) and four coaches from individual sports (e.g., tennis) and team sports (e.g., handball). Participants discussed their use of psychological skills and communication strategies, the role of hearing aids in training and competition, and their experiences with sport psychology consultants. We analyzed the interviews’ contents using thematic content analysis (Braun et al., 2016). Results The results showed participants largely apply psychological skills intuitively. Additionally, several distinctive features emerged in their use of techniques such as self-talk and relaxation. Moreover, athletes relying on visual cues for processing information described unique cognitive challenges during competition under certain conditions. Conclusions In conclusion, Deaflympic athletes use psychological skills similarly to Paralympic and Olympic athletes but may apply them in distinct ways under specific circumstances. These and other unique characteristics should be considered when working with Deaflympic athletes. Moreover, Deaflympic athletes, particularly in team sports, may face additional cognitive demands that merit further attention in sport psychology practice and research. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.34719/BSKI3568 PB - Munster Technological University ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Ezer, Timur A1 - Röhrl, Simon A1 - Mottok, Jürgen ED - Gómez Chova, Luis ED - González Martínez, Chelo ED - Lees, Joanna T1 - Towards accurate eye tracking: quantifying error in linear pixel-to-degree conversion T2 - ICERI2025 Proceedings N2 - Eye tracking has become a powerful tool for analyzing cognitive processes in educational research. Educators and researchers can utilize eye tracking to model learners by determining their gaze patterns. In addition, eye tracking can be used directly for teaching by extracting experts' gaze behavior in certain areas and learning from it. However, eye tracking data is captured in a variety of coordinate systems, which can differ across individual studies. Consequently, algorithms, such as eye movement classifiers, must frequently convert gaze data between different coordinate systems. In particular, the conversion from screen pixels into visual degrees is typically approximated by a linear conversion in current literature and standard practice. However, this approximation introduces inaccuracies, thus potentially obscuring eye movements relevant to educational research. This paper provides a detailed geometric and analytical examination of the commonly applied linear approximation, quantifying its error in comparison to the exact coordinate conversion from screen pixels to angular degrees. For this purpose, the exact conversion formulas are mathematically derived from geometric optics, enabling researchers and educators to use them in their work. Utilizing these derived transformations can improve the robustness of analyses, for example, when detecting subtle eye movements. The present work supports educational research using eye tracking to achieve more insightful findings that may have previously been obscured by measurement inaccuracies. Thereby, we provide an important contribution toward more reliable and valid research and educational practices in eye tracking. KW - Eye tracking KW - coordinate system KW - conversion KW - angular degree KW - pixel Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.21125/iceri.2025.1841 SP - 6709 EP - 6717 PB - IATED ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Bugl, Benedikt A1 - Schneider, Viola I. A1 - Sehr, Armin T1 - Vertical Sound Localization: Precision and Robustness to Reverberation in a Large-Scale Study T2 - Proceedings of the 11th Convention of the European Acoustics Association Forum Acusticum / EuroNoise 2025 // Málaga, Spain ; 23-26. June 2025 N2 - Vertical sound localization, the ability to perceive the elevation of a sound source, is a fundamental aspect of human auditory perception, yet it remains far less understood than horizontal localization. Existing studies rely on small sample sizes, limiting the generalizability of findings. The presented study bridges that gap by examining vertical sound localization and precision in a cohort exceeding 150 participants, making it the largest investigation of its kind to date.Participants were exposed to broadband noise stimuli from various elevations under controlled anechoic conditions. The elevation localization error was measured by comparing perceived sound source elevations to actual positions of speakers of a curved array. Azimuth angles of arrival were altered between 0°, 45° and 90°. For a small group the experiment was repeated in echoic conditions, to gain insight in reverberation and reflection robustness of vertical sound localization.This large-scale study establishes benchmarks for vertical sound localization precision and robustness, advancing our understanding of human auditory spatial perception. These findings have implications for audio technology development, such as spatial audio rendering and hearing aid design, and lay the groundwork for further exploration into the neural and anatomical underpinnings of vertical localization. Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-84-87985-35-5 U6 - https://doi.org/10.61782/fa.2025.0953 SP - 3431 EP - 3434 PB - European Acoustics Association ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Stadler, Sebastian A1 - Seitz, Marie Sophie T1 - When algorithms design: a comparative study pits an AI-generated application against a manual application in a competition of user experience and user-friendliness T2 - Proceedings of 2025 11th international HCI and UX conference in Indonesia, 5 + 6. December 2025, Bali (CHIuXiD) N2 - The rapid growth of artificial intelligence has enabled automated website creation, including design, content, and SEO. This study compares an AI-generated application with a manually designed one in terms of usability and user experience. Forty-two participants evaluated efficiency, effectiveness, satisfaction, emotional responses, and behavioural patterns. The manual application outperformed the AI-generated one in most datasets, particularly in clarity, supportiveness, and comprehensibility, while speed, learnability, activation, creativity, and security showed no significant differences. Users reported more positive emotions and confident interactions with the manual application, whereas the AI application elicited uncertainty and frustration. These behavioural differences were also reflected in processing times and task completion rates, suggesting that AI-generated solutions currently struggle to meet established UX standards. Nevertheless, the AI builder demonstrated potential for rapid prototyping and low-effort website creation, offering advantages for users with limited technical skills or resources. The findings highlight both the opportunities and limitations of current AI-based web design tools and underline the importance of human-centered design expertise in achieving high-quality user experiences. Despite existing shortcomings, AI-supported tools may become increasingly viable as technology advances. KW - user experience KW - usability KW - artificial intelligence KW - user experience questionnaire Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/CHIuXiD68326.2025.11323819 SP - 55 EP - 60 PB - IEEE ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Bhardwaj, Prakhar A1 - Hauer, Franziska A1 - Mücke, Vanessa A1 - Dotter, Caroline A1 - Haug, Sonja A1 - Weikl, Simone A1 - Weber, Karsten T1 - Multi- und intermodale Mobilität erfassen und verstehen - eine Literaturübersicht N2 - Die Transformation zu nachhaltiger Mobilität erfordert eine detaillierte Erfassung des tatsächlichen Mobilitätsverhaltens, was durch herkömmliche, aggregierte oder retrospektive Erhebungsmethoden (z.B. Zählstellen, Wegetagebücher) nicht vollständig gelingt. Zudem sind diese Methoden oft teuer, fehleranfällig oder nicht nachhaltig skalierbar. Ziel dieser Literaturübersicht ist es, einen systematischen Überblick über den aktuellen Forschungsstand zur Erhebung und Analyse individueller Mobilitätsdaten zu geben und darauf aufbauend mögliche Forschungslücken sowie Potentiale zu identifizieren. Die explorative Literaturrecherche umfasst sozialwissenschaftliche Erhebungen zu multi- und intermodalem Mobilitätsverhalten, sowie einen Überblick über Analysemöglichkeiten von Wegedaten. Der Fokus liegt auf der Identifikation relevanter Datenquellen und methodischer Ansätze zur Segmentierung, Verkehrsmittelerkennung und Wegezweckbestimmung. Ergebnisse aus aktuellen Studien verdeutlichen, dass ausschließlich sensorgestützte Datenerhebungen bisher nicht ausreichen, um Mobilitätsverhalten vollumfänglich und präzise abzubilden. Eine mögliche Lösung ist ein "Best-of-both-worlds-Ansatz, der die passive, automatische Mobilitätsdatenerfassung via Smartphone-Sensorik mit gezielten Nutzerkorrekturen und Ergänzungen ("Human-in-the-Loop") innerhalb einer App kombiniert. Die Literaturauswertung zeigt, dass auf diesem Weg die beste Datenqualität gewonnen werden kann. Durch die Kombination von Mobilitätsbefragung mit passiver Erhebung von Mobilitätsdaten kann ein umfassender, möglichst vollständiger und korrekter Überblick über das Mobilitätsverhalten gewonnen werden. KW - KI KW - Mobilität Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-87415 CY - Regensburg ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Bhardwaj, Prakhar A1 - Hauer, Franziska A1 - Mücke, Vanessa A1 - Dotter, Caroline A1 - Haug, Sonja A1 - Weikl, Simone A1 - Weber, Karsten T1 - Recording and understanding multi- and intermodal mobility - a review N2 - The transition to sustainable mobility requires detailed knowledge of actual mobility behavior. Recording mobility behavior through conventional, aggregated, or retrospective survey methods (e.g., counting stations, travel diaries) may yield incomplete insights. In addition, these methods are often expensive, prone to error, or not scalable. The aim of this literature review is to provide a systematic overview of the current state of the literature on recording and analysis of individual mobility data and, based on this, to identify possible research gaps and potential. The exploratory literature review includes social science surveys on multi- and intermodal mobility behavior, as well as an overview of possible ways to analyze travel data. The focus of the latter is on identifying relevant data sources and methodological approaches for segmentation, identification of transport mode, and trip purpose determination. Results from recent studies show that sensor-based data collection alone is not sufficient to fully and accurately map mobility behavior. One possible solution is a “best-of-both-worlds” approach that combines passive, automatic mobility data collection via smartphone sensors with targeted user corrections and additions (“human-in-the-loop”) within an app. The literature review shows that this approach yields the best data quality. Combining mobility surveys with passive collection of mobility data provides a comprehensive, accurate, and complete overview of mobility behavior. KW - multimodal mobility KW - mobility Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-87427 CY - Regensburg ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hauer, Franziska A1 - Haug, Sonja A1 - Scharf, Anna A1 - Schultz, Maximilian A1 - Weber, Karsten T1 - Quantitative Befragung zu Künstlicher Intelligenz für Nichtregierungsorganisationen -Fragebogen und Codebuch N2 - Künstliche Intelligenz (KI) stellt ein wichtiges Thema der Digitalisierung dar und hat das Potenzial viele Arbeitsfelder grundlegend zu verändern. Mit dem Einsatz von KI wird die Hoffnung verbunden durch Automatisierung Zeit und Geld zu sparen. Dies könnte besonders interessant für Organisationen sein, die wenig Ressourcen zur Verfügung haben, da sie nicht gewinnorientiert oder ehrenamtlich arbeiten. Dazu zählen Nichtregierungsorganisationen (NRO), die einen wichtigen Bestandteil der Zivilgesellschaft darstellen. Aufgrund der komplexer werdenden Arbeit von NROs scheint KI Möglichkeiten zur Bewältigung aktueller und zukünftiger Herausforderungen zu bieten. Über den Einsatz von KI in NROs ist derzeit jedoch wenig bekannt. Es wurde eine quantitative Querschnittstudie deutscher Nichtregierungsorganisationen (NRO) zum Thema KI durchgeführt. Der Web-Survey baut auf den Erkenntnissen des Scoping Reviews und der qualitativen Interviews auf und vertieft den Einblick in die Bereiche aktuelle Nutzung von KI, Wissenstand in den Organisationen sowie vorhandene und noch benötigte Ressourcen. Dafür wurden 343 NROs verschiedener Größen und Handlungsfelder befragt und die Ergebnisse quantitativ analysiert. KW - Künstliche Intelligenz KW - NGO Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-87066 N1 - Hauer, Franziska; Haug, Sonja; Scharf, Anna; Schultz, Maximilian; Weber, Karsten (2024): Künstliche Intelligenz für Nichtregierungsorganisationen - Quantitative Erforschung der Umsetzung in deutschen NROs. 3. Arbeitspapier. OTH Regensburg. Regensburg. DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.11094.66883 CY - Regensburg ER - TY - GEN A1 - Haug, Sonja A1 - Vetter, Miriam A1 - Dotter, Caroline A1 - Weber, Karsten T1 - Forschungsprojekt „EVEKT „Erhöhung der Verbraucherpartizipation an der Energiewende und datenbasierte Mehrwertdienste“ — Fragebogen zur Online-Befragung und Codeplan N2 - Um Leistungsschwankungen im Stromnetz durch fluktuierende erneuerbare Energien auszugleichen, sollen in Deutschland intelligente Messtechnologien in Privathaushalten verbaut werden. Diese gelten als zentraler Bestandteil sog. Smart-Grids (intelligente Stromnetze), die Stromnachfrage und -angebot steuern, um Stromnetzstabilität zu gewährleisten. Die Werte, die bei der Messung des Stromverbrauchs in Privathaushalten erhoben werden, können an die Verbraucher*innen mithilfe von Apps oder anderer Smart-Meter-Plattformen (datenbasierte Mehrwertdienste) rückgemeldet werden. Vor diesem Hintergrund wurde 2023 eine Online-Befragung der Wohnbevölkerung in Deutschland durchgeführt (n=2.027). Untersucht wurden Bekanntheit, Nutzungsbereitschaft und Akzeptanz intelligenter Stromzähler bzw. Smart-Meter sowie die Nutzungsintention bei Anwendungsszenarien und Datenschutzbedenken. Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-87409 N1 - Vetter, Miriam/Haug, Sonja/Dotter, Caroline/Weber, Karsten (2024). 4. Arbeitspapier. Ak-zeptanz und Nutzungsbereitschaft von Smart-Meter-Anwendungen und datenbasierten Mehrwertdiensten. Erste Auswertungen im Rahmen von EVEKT. Ostbayerische Technische Hochschule (OTH) Regensburg. Regensburg. EVEKT – Erhöhung der Verbraucherpartizipa-tion an der Energiewende durch KI-Technologien und datenbasierte Mehrwertdienste. Teil-projekt Ethische und soziale Aspekte der Erhöhung der Verbraucherpartizipation an der Energiewende durch KI-Technologien. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.33227.60968 Zugehöriges Datenset: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17962728 CY - Regensburg ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Staufer, Susanne A1 - Ezer, Timur A1 - Röhrl, Simon A1 - Grabinger, Lisa A1 - Hauser, Florian A1 - Nadimpalli, Vamsi Krishna A1 - Antoni, Erika A1 - Mottok, Jürgen A1 - Schaffer, Josefa T1 - TYCHE ALGORITHM 2.0: Learning Paths from Questionnaire Responses and Learning Analytics T2 - ICERI2025 Proceedings N2 - The digitalization of learning processes has increased the need for adaptive learning paths tailored individually to learners. A novel algorithm for learning path generation is presented in this paper, namely Tyche 2.0. It extends the original Tyche approach after Staufer et al. – a Markov model for generating learning paths – by integrating additional learner data beyond learning styles (Index of Learning Styles (ILS)), including learning strategies (LIST-K questionnaire), personality traits (BFI-10 questionnaire), and learning analytics captured through screen recordings. In order to be able to use the screen recordings, a heuristic evaluates them. Furthermore, this enhanced algorithm employs Markov models to dynamically generate personalized learning paths. These are based on both questionnaire responses and real-time engagement data, the weights of which undergo dynamic adjustment over time. We made a small evaluation of Tyche 2.0 without the learning analytics influence, which shows that there is room for further improvements. Future research will focus on evaluating whole Tyche 2.0 in another university setting to further improve personalization and user engagement. KW - Markov model KW - Learning paths KW - Learning style KW - Learning strategy KW - Personality traits KW - Learning analytics Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-87846 SN - 978-84-09-78706-7 SP - 2562 EP - 2572 PB - IATED ER - TY - GEN A1 - Barthel, Mareike A1 - Süß, Franz A1 - Dendorfer, Sebastian T1 - Predicting intra-abdominal pressure during walking and running T2 - ISB 2025 - The XXX Congress of the International Society of Biomechanics, 27-31. July 2025, Stockholm N2 - Intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) is an important physiological parameter, which is difficult to measure during physical activity. In this study, motion capture, musculoskeletal modeling and a transformer encoder model are used to predict IAP during walking and running. The model showed promising results with an overall mean percentage error of 13.5% and a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.85. Minor challenges included the lower accuracy for fast walking and running and the limited amount of data. All in all, the prediction of IAP was successful, which opens up prospects for further applications. KW - Intra-abdominal pressure; machine learning; motion capture; musculoskeletal modeling; transformer encoder Y1 - 2025 ER - TY - THES A1 - Vokkethur, Rachana T1 - Design, simulation, fabrication, measurement, and analysis of 3D-printed radio frequency conductive structures N2 - Additive manufacturing has emerged as a disruptive technology in the field of electronics, offering new possibilities for the fabrication of complex, lightweight, and customizable components. Conventional PCB manufacturing relies on multi-step processes and is limited to planar geometries, making it less suitable for rapid prototyping or integration into non-standard surfaces. In contrast, Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) provides a cost-effective and accessible approach to directly fabricate functional electronic structures by combining conductive and dielectric materials within a single printing process. This thesis examines the design, simulation, fabrication, measurement and analysis of 3D-printed conductive transmission lines utilising FDM technology. A conductive filament and a dielectric filament are employed to realise fully integrated microstrip and coaxial structures. Electromagnetic simulations are performed to optimise the geometry for RF performance, and the printed prototypes are experimentally characterised using vector network analyser measurements. The analysis focuses on the transmission coefficients and the reflection coefficients, providing insights into impedance matching, insertion loss, and frequency-dependent behaviour. These findings confirm that FDM-based additive manufacturing can produce functional RF structures with reliable performance, despite material and fabrication limitations. The work demonstrates the potential of 3D printing as a flexible and low-cost method for prototyping radio frequency components, highlighting future directions that include improved material characterisation, connector integration, and the design of more advanced components, such as filters and antennas. Y1 - 2026 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-87809 CY - Regensburg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schifferl, Ludwig A1 - Stojanovic-Blab, Maja A1 - Kellner, Florian A1 - Lienland, Bernhard T1 - Performance Measurement in Beratungsunternehmen JF - CONTROLLER Magazin N2 - Der vorliegende Beitrag untersucht die Implementierung des Performance Measurements in der wissensintensiven Dienstleistungsbranche am Beispiel einer KMU-Unternehmensberatung. Dabei werden zentrale Herausforderungen sowie praxisorientierte Handlungsempfehlungen herausgearbeitet. Y1 - 2026 UR - https://www.haufe.de/controlling/zeitschrift/controller-magazin/controller-magazin-ausgabe-12026-controller-magazin_28_669660.html IS - 1 SP - 20 EP - 25 PB - Verlag für ControllingWissen AG ER - TY - THES A1 - Meißner, Jonathan T1 - Beitrag zur Bemessung von monolithischem Planziegelmauerwerk im Außenwand-Decken-Knoten N2 - In dieser Arbeit werden die bei monolithischem Planziegelmauerwerk auftretenden Beanspruchungssituationen am Außenwand-Decken-Knoten sowohl experimentell als auch numerisch untersucht sowie die daraus resultierenden Besonderheiten charakterisiert. Vor dem Hintergrund, dass die Knotenmomente mit der vereinfachten Rahmenberechnung nach [EN 1996-1-1:2022] Anhang C.3 basierend auf der Elastizitätstheorie ermittelt werden, liegt der Fokus vor allem auf der Ermittlung und Quantifizierung von nichtlinearen Einflüssen auf die Knotenmomente am Wandkopf und -fuß. N2 - In this thesis, the load situations occurring in monolithic clay unit masonry with thin layer mortar at the exterior wall-floor joint are investigated as well experimentally as numerically, and the resulting particularities are characterized. Against the background that the nodal moments are determined with the joint analysis method according to [EN 1996-1-1:2022] Annex C.3 based on elastic material behaviour, the focus is mainly on the determination and quantification of nonlinear effects on the nodal moments at the top and bottom of the wall. KW - Mauerwerk KW - Wand-Decken-Knoten KW - Planziegel Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:91-diss-20240625-1721392-1-4 CY - München ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Kriza, Thomas ED - Lerch, Sebastian T1 - Ethische Fragen der Digitalisierung und ihre Thematisierung in Forschung und Lehre an Hochschulen BT - Dimensionen von Transdisziplinarität T3 - Interdisziplinarität in der Hochschullehre N2 - Die Digitalisierung als fortschreitende Durchdringung aller Lebensbereiche durch Informationstechnik geht mit gesellschaftlichen Transformationsprozessen und weitreichenden ethischen Fragen einher. Diese Fragen haben einen transdisziplinären Charakter in dem Sinne, dass sie sich nur durch ein Überschreiten von fachlichen Perspektiven einzelner wissenschaftlicher Disziplinen und durch eine ganzheitliche Bezugnahme auf gesellschaftliche Auswirkungen angemessen adressieren lassen. Anhand der technischen Möglichkeiten von Big Data Analytics lässt sich aufzeigen, wie disziplinübergreifende wissenschaftliche Forschungen zu technischen Anwendungen führen können, die gewichtige, gesellschaftlich relevante Fragen nach ihrer ethischen Vertretbarkeit aufwerfen. Diese können in letzter Konsequenz auch ethische Grundprinzipien und Auffassungen des Menschseins ins Wanken bringen. Besonders prägnant lässt sich dies mit den Studien des Big-Data-Forschers Michal Kosinski und seines Forscherkreises sowie den daraus resultierenden Anwendungen von Unternehmen wie Cambridge Analytica vor Augen führen: Die Analyse von großen Mengen digitaler persönlicher Daten eröffnet umfassende Möglichkeiten zur Verhaltensbeeinflussung und stellt dabei sehr weitreichend auch ethische Grundwerte wie Privatheit in Frage. Universitäten und Hochschulen sind aufgefordert, durch transdisziplinäre Lehre und Forschung die ethischen Fragen der Digitalisierung als bestimmende Themen der Gegenwart direkt zu adressieren. Y1 - 2023 SN - 9783763974610 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3278/9783763974610 SP - 45 EP - 58 PB - wbv Publikation CY - Bielefeld ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hofmann, Philipp T1 - Beitrag zur Bemessung des Außenwand-Decken-Knotens in monolithischer Bauweise auf Basis experimenteller und numerischer Untersuchungen Y1 - 2025 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hollen-Pierobon, Chiara von A1 - Sharshenova, Aijan T1 - German and Russian Public Diplomacy Efforts in Kyrgyzstan: A Comparative Study of Norm Entrepreneurship JF - Europe-Asia Studies N2 - This article explores Russian and German public diplomacy efforts in Central Asia through the example of Kyrgyzstan. Due to a difficult economic and socio-political situation, Kyrgyzstan remains open to externally funded programmes and projects, including initiatives funded by foreign governments, and thus offers a unique environment for the study of public diplomacy. The article looks at transnational public diplomacy actors such as German political foundations and Russian-sponsored organisations active in the country. Overall, the article offers interesting insights into the nature and substance of the soft power policies pursued by Germany and Russia that are relevant for Kyrgyzstan and beyond. Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-87380 VL - 75 IS - 8 SP - 1384 EP - 1407 PB - Taylor & Francis ER - TY - GEN A1 - Currle, Edda A1 - Haug, Sonja A1 - Weber, Karsten T1 - Künstliche Intelligenz und Anamnese (KI-Anamnese) — Fragebogen der Trendstudie zur Akzeptanz von KI in der Anamnese in Arztpraxen in Deutschland mit Codeplan N2 - Die Studie stützt sich auf eine Quotenstichprobe der deutschsprachigen Bevölkerung im Alter von 18 bis 74 Jahren. Sie wurde als Längsschnittstudie (Trendstudie) mit insgesamt zwei Wellen mit dem gleichen Fragebogen durchgeführt. Welle 1 war vom 18. bis 24. November 2024 im Feld, die zweite Befragungswelle vom 13. bis 17. November 2025. Mit der Datenerhebung wurde das Umfrageinstitut NielsenIQ-GfK beauftragt. Je 1.000 Personen wurden online im Rahmen des GfK eBUS®-Deutschland befragt. Die Teilnehmenden wurden mithilfe einer Kombination aus Online- und Offline-Methoden rekrutiert. Um eine möglichst genaue Abbildung der Grundgesamtheit zu gewährleisten, wurden die Merkmale Geschlecht, Alter, Region, Haushaltsgröße, Ortsgröße sowie der Bildungsstand des Haushaltsvorstands quotiert, etwaige Abweichungen durch ein iteratives Gewichtungsverfahren ausgeglichen. Der Fragebogen besteht aus neun standardisierten Fragen; zuzüglich wurden soziodemographische Merkmale erhoben. Einzelne Fragen wurden, zum Teil übersetzt sowie abgewandelt, aus anderen Studien übernommen. KW - Anamnese KW - Bevölkerungsumfrage KW - Künstliche Intelligenz KW - Technologieakzeptanz KW - Fragebogen Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-87079 N1 - Der Fragebogen ist Anhang zu folgender Veröffentlichung: Currle, E., Haug, S. & Weber, K. (2025). Akzeptanz des Einsatzes von Künstlicher Intelligenz im Anamneseprozess: Ergebnisse einer Bevölkerungsbefragung in Deutschland [Acceptance of artificial intelligence tools for medical history-taking: Findings of a population survey in Germany]. Zeitschrift für Evidenz, Fortbildung und Qualität im Gesundheitswesen, 198-199, 9–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.zefq.2025.10.003 Nachweis auf dem Publikationsserver unter: https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-oth-regensburg/frontdoor/index/index/docId/8671 Zugehöriges Datenset: 10.5281/zenodo.18017447 (DOI) CY - Regensburg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hollen-Pierobon, Chiara von T1 - EU’s support to civil society in Kazakhstan: A pilot evaluation of the social capital generated JF - Evaluation N2 - In the last decade, several studies have been devoted to the analysis of the EU’s support to civil society abroad, but only recently has scholarly attention turned to Central Asia. Most of the research in this field has adopted a macro-level perspective, concerned with the supply side of external democratization, and has examined external assistance to civil society in terms of democratization ideal types and typologies. The main contribution of this study consists of a meso-level analysis of the outcomes of the EU’s support to civil society in terms of production of social capital, conceived as the raw material of civil society itself. More precisely, the article evaluates the first wave of grants awarded to civil society organizations in Kazakhstan as part of two EU funding schemes—the European Instrument for Democracy and Human Rights and the Non-State Actors and Local Authorities in Development. The article sheds new light on the use of social capital and its two dimensions-structural and cognitive-as heuristic tools for evaluating civil society support programs. Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-87394 VL - 25 IS - 2 SP - 207 EP - 223 PB - Sage ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hollen-Pierobon, Chiara von T1 - European Union, civil society and local ownership in Kyrgyzstan: analysing patterns of adaptation, reinterpretation and contestation in the prevention of violent extremism (PVE) JF - Central Asian Survey N2 - In the last decade, a growing body of literature has investigated the promotion of good governance, rule of law, democracy and human rights in Central Asia through funding from the European Union (EU). Most of this research has taken an EU-centric approach and is concerned with the supply side of external democratization. As a result, little is known about how EU projects are implemented on the ground and what EU-funded civil society organizations consider to be their priorities. This article investigates the agency of such organizations in Kyrgyzstan by focusing on their contribution to one particular EU instrument: the Instrument contributing to Stability and Peace (IcSP), and its programme: Strengthening Resilience to Violence and Extremism (STRIVE). The findings offer new insights into the processes of adaptation, reinterpretation and contestation through which EU-funded organizations exercise ownership while engaging in the prevention of violent extremism (PVE). Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-87378 VL - 41 IS - 4 SP - 752 EP - 769 PB - Taylor & Francis ER - TY - GEN A1 - Förstl, Nikolas A1 - Adler, Ina A1 - Süß, Franz A1 - Jansová, Magdalena A1 - Vychytil, Jan A1 - Dendorfer, Sebastian T1 - Evaluating the loads on the female pelvic floor during full-body activities using computational models N2 - This work investigated the loads on the female pelvic floor during various full-body movements using computational models to calculate abdominal pressure and organ dynamic loads. While high-impact exercises resulted in higher loads, other movements showed lower loads, potentially indicating, which movements may be performed without risking pelvic floor overload and subsequent dysfunctions. Y1 - 2025 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Weber, Karsten T1 - Künstliche Intelligenz als vielschichtige Herausforderung Y1 - 2025 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Winter, Lina A1 - Artinger, Annalena A1 - Böck, Hendrik A1 - Ramakrishnan, Vignesh A1 - Reible, Bruno A1 - Albin, Jan A1 - Schüffler, Peter J. A1 - Raptis, Georgios A1 - Brochhausen, Christoph T1 - Developing a smart and scalable tool for histopathological education—PATe 2.0 JF - Journal of Pathology Informatics N2 - Digital microscopy plays a crucial role in pathology education, providing scalable and standardized access to learning resources. In response, we present PATe 2.0, a scalable redeveloped web-application of the former PATe system from 2015. PATe 2.0 was developed using an agile, iterative process and built on a microservices architecture to ensure modularity, scalability, and reliability. It integrates a modern web-based user interface optimized for desktop and tablet use and automates key workflows such as whole-slide image uploads and processing. Performance tests demonstrated that PATe 2.0 significantly reduces tile request times compared to PATe, despite handling larger tiles. The platform supports open formats like DICOM and OpenSlide, enhancing its interoperability and adaptability across institutions. PATe 2.0 represents a robust digital microscopy solution in pathology education enhancing usability, performance, and flexibility. Its design enables future integration of research algorithms and highlights it as a pivotal tool for advancing pathology education and research. Y1 - 2026 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpi.2025.100535 SN - 2153-3539 VL - 20 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stein, Leonhard A1 - Schmitz, Paul A1 - Kretschmer, Rainer A1 - Dendorfer, Sebastian T1 - Gait parameter based fall risk scoring N2 - This study explored the connection between subjective self-assessed gait insecurities and objective movement scores. 93 subjects answered detailed fall risk questionnaires and performed functional tests. Significantly different movement patterns between fallers and non-fallers were found. Y1 - 2025 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schroll-Decker, Irmgard T1 - Heidi Graf, Michael Martinz (Hrsg.): Über Suizidalität sprechen. Erfahrungen aus der Angehörigenberatung. JF - Socialnet Rezensionen Y1 - 2025 UR - https://www.socialnet.de/rezensionen/33774.php ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schroll-Decker, Irmgard T1 - Andreas Langer, Denise Lehmann, Regine Müller, Tobias Sander (Hrsg.): Professionalität (en) und Professionalisierung (in) der Sozialen Arbeit. Theoretische Grundlegungen und organisationale Steuerungen. JF - Socialnet Rezensionen Y1 - 2025 UR - https://www.socialnet.de/rezensionen/33569.php ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schroll-Decker, Irmgard T1 - Joachim Henseler: Sozialpädagogische Theorie für die Soziale Arbeit. Eine Einführung. JF - Socialnet Rezensionen Y1 - 2025 UR - https://www.socialnet.de/rezensionen/33204.php ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schroll-Decker, Irmgard T1 - Annika Gahl-Lang: Selbstbestimmung und Lebensqualität. Eine Photovoice-Studie mit Menschen mit intellektueller Beeinträchtigung und herausforderndem Verhalten in spezialisierten Wohnangeboten der Behindertenhilfe. JF - Socialnet Rezensionen Y1 - 2025 UR - https://www.socialnet.de/rezensionen/33375.php ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schroll-Decker, Irmgard T1 - Niels Weck: Quereinsteiger*innen in der Sozialen Arbeit. Auf biografischen Umwegen zur Berufsidentität. JF - Socialnet Rezensionen 2025 Y1 - 2025 UR - https://www.socialnet.de/rezensionen/33316.php ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Albrecht, Sophie A1 - Thiel, Charlotte T1 - Environmental life cycle assessment - determination of ecological sustainability potentials by AMC T2 - Research Summary Report of C09 2024 N2 - C09 aims to enhance the ecological sustainability of Additive Manufacturing in Construction (AMC) by quantifying and optimizing its environmental benefits through comprehensive Life Cycle Assessments (E-LCA) from cradle to cradle. This involves developing transparent Product Environmental Footprint Category Rules (PEFCR), identifying impactful reduction measures, and integrating circular design strategies to create durable, efficient, and reusable components. By incorporating these findings into Fabrication the environmental footprint of the building sector. Y1 - 2024 UR - https://amc-trr277.de/research-summary-report-of-c09/ PB - AMC ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Albrecht, Sophie Viktoria A1 - Thiel, Charlotte T1 - Environmental life cycle assessment - determination of ecological sustainability potentials by AMC T2 - Research Summary Report of C09 2025 N2 - C09 aims to enhance the ecological sustainability of Additive Manufacturing in Construction (AMC) by quantifying and optimizing its environmental benefits through comprehensive Life Cycle Assessments (E-LCA) from cradle to cradle. This involves developing transparent Product Environmental Footprint Category Rules (PEFCR), identifying impactful reduction measures, and integrating circular design strategies to create durable, efficient, and reusable components. C09 enables early-stage, sustainability-focused decision-making, fostering material-efficient, low-impact construction practices and reducing the environmental footprint of the building sector. Y1 - 2025 UR - https://amc-trr277.de/research-summary-report-of-c09-2/ PB - AMC ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schroll-Decker, Irmgard T1 - Magdalena Bienek: Die Berufsfindung von Abiturientinnen und Abiturienten nichtakademischer Herkunft. Eine qualitativ-rekonstruktive Studie mit Teilnehmenden des NRW-Talentscoutings. JF - Socialnet Rezensionen 2025 Y1 - 2025 UR - https://www.socialnet.de/rezensionen/33131.php ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schroll-Decker, Irmgard T1 - Sebastian Ixmeier, Pia Buck, Dieter Münk (Hrsg.): Chancen für Alle durch (berufliche) Bildung. Inklusion und Teilhabe für Menschen mit gesundheitlicher Beeinträchtigung. JF - Socialnet Rezensionen 2025 Y1 - 2025 UR - https://www.socialnet.de/rezensionen/33179.php ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schroll-Decker, Irmgard T1 - Veronika Fischer, Bärbel Gebert, Elke Kruse, Curt Schulz, Birgit Stimm-Armingeon: Didaktik der Familienbildung. JF - Socialnet Rezensionen 2025 Y1 - 2025 UR - https://www.socialnet.de/rezensionen/32650.php ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schroll-Decker, Irmgard T1 - Thomas Freiling, Tim Stanik, Ruth Moritz, Bernd Käpplinger, Martin Reuter u.a.: Qualifizierungsberatung von Betrieben in der Bundesagentur für Arbeit. Eine multiperspektivische, empirische Standortbestimmung. JF - Socialnet Rezensionen 2025 Y1 - 2025 UR - https://www.socialnet.de/rezensionen/32980.php PB - wbv CY - Bielefeld ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gschoßmann, Lukas A1 - Süß, Franz A1 - Dendorfer, Sebastian T1 - Impact of Model Parameters on Ground Reaction Force Predictions in Musculoskeletal Modelling T2 - ISB 2025 - The XXX Congress of the International Society of Biomechanics, 27-31 July, Stockholm N2 - This study evaluated how model parameters affect ground reaction force (GRF) predictions in musculoskeletal simulations. A parameter study varying contact height and velocity thresholds and marker weights was conducted. While height and velocity thresholds had minimal impact, marker weights impact prediction errors. These findings highlight the importance of carefully selecting model parameters. Y1 - 2025 ER - TY - THES A1 - Wagner, Bernd T1 - Ein Beitrag zur axialen Bettung von Kunststoffmantelrohren der Fernwärme in Zeitweise fließfähigen, selbstverdichtenden Verfüllbaustoffen (ZFSV) Y1 - 2018 SN - 2195-853x CY - Freiberg ER - TY - THES A1 - Wolfrum, Dominik T1 - Wechselwirkungsverhalten von thermisch beanspruchten Rohren und zeitweise fließfähigen, selbstverdichtenden Verfüllbaustoffen N2 - Gegenstand dieser Arbeit ist die Untersuchung der Wechselwirkung zwischen zeitweise fließfähigen, selbstverdichtenden Verfüllbaustoffen (kurz: ZFSV) und erdverlegten, thermisch beanspruchten Rohren und die Entwicklung eines Berechnungsansatzes, mit dem das Tragverhalten der Rohre genauer beschrieben werden kann. Zu den thermisch belasteten Rohren zählen Fernwärmeleitungen sowie Übertragungsleitungen für hohe Gleichspannungen. Zur Berechnung der Verschiebungs- und Normalkraftverläufe entlang der Rohre ist vor allem die Kenntnis über den Widerstand gegen temperaturbedingte axiale Rohrverschiebung maßgebend. Der Verschiebewiderstand wird mit speziell entwickelten, kleinmaßstäblichen Versuchen im Labor untersucht und in Abhängigkeit des Probenalters und der Normalspannung dargestellt. Da die Normalspannung Einfluss auf die Größe des Widerstands hat, wird ein Großversuch durchgeführt, mit dem aus der radialen Temperaturausdehnung des Rohres auf die Kontaktnormalspannungsänderung geschlossen werden kann. Es wird bei dem Großversuch sowie bei den kleinmaßstäblichen Laborversuchen ein quasi-kontinuierlich messendes faseroptisches Messsystem eingesetzt, mit dem die Dehnungen bzw. Stauchungen des Rohres und des ZFSV bestimmt werden können. Aus den Versuchen wird gefolgert, dass im Vergleich zu nichtbindigen Böden, zwischen dem Rohr und dem ZFSV Adhäsionskräfte auftreten, die zu deutlichen Verschiebewiderständen führen. Da es aktuell keine Regelwerke sowie wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen gibt, mit denen zuverlässig ein thermisch beanspruchtes Rohr bemessen werden kann, bei dem auch Adhäsionskräfte an der Kontaktfläche berücksichtigt werden, ist eine Bemessung von in ZFSV verlegten Rohren aktuell nicht möglich. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wird das Tragverhalten solcher Rohrleitungssysteme untersucht und die Grundlagen für die Bemessung erstellt. Aus den kleinmaßstäblichen Laborversuchen, dem Großversuch sowie mit numerischen Untersuchungen wird das Kontaktverhalten analysiert und eine Arbeitslinie entwickelt, die den Verschiebewiderstand in Abhängigkeit der axialen Rohrverschiebung wiedergibt. Mit dieser Kontaktwiderstandsarbeitslinie wird ein Stab-Feder-System und ein halbanalytischer Berechnungsansatz entwickelt, mit denen die Normalkräfte und Verschiebungen von erdverlegten, thermischen beanspruchten Rohren berechnet werden können. Y1 - 2021 UR - https://repo.uni-hannover.de/items/207296cd-166c-40ae-b3c3-383729269d50 U6 - https://doi.org/10.15488/10904 PB - Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover CY - Hannover ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Buchmann, Thomas A1 - Schwägerl, Felix T1 - Using Meta-code Generation to Realize Higher-order Model Transformations T2 - Proceedings of the 8th International Joint Conference on Software Technologies, July 29-31, 2013, in Reykjavík, Iceland, Vol. 1 N2 - Model-driven engineering is a wide-spread paradigm in modern software engineering. During the last couple of years, many tools and languages have been developed, which are especially designed for model transformations — a discipline which is needed in many model-driven engineering approaches. While most of the existing model-to-model tools and languages are tailored towards batch transformations for specific model instances, they lack support for generic transformation problems, where the metamodel is unknown beforehand. In this paper we present a two-step meta-code generation approach that derives a metamodel-specific modelto- model transformation from a model-to-text transformation. The approach has been successfully applied to the problem of product derivation in model-driven software product lines. KW - Model-driven Development KW - M2M Transformations KW - Model Transformations KW - Higher-order Transformations KW - Software Product Lines Y1 - 2013 SN - 978-989-8565-68-6 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.5220/0004522305360541 SP - 536 EP - 541 PB - SciTePress - Science and and Technology Publications ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schwägerl, Felix A1 - Uhrig, Sabrina T1 - Tool Support for the Evaluation of Matching Algorithms in the Eclipse Modeling Framework T2 - Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Model-Driven Engineering and Software Development, February 19-21, 2013, in Barcelona, Spain, Vol. 1 N2 - In the field of model-driven development, sophisticated support for comparing model versions is urgently needed. Unfortunately, algorithms for model matching have been rarely evaluated so far. This paper deals with two extensions to the Eclipse Modeling Framework (EMF) that facilitate the evaluation of matching algorithms for EMF models, with the goal to combine user involvement and automated testing in the evaluation process. First a tree editor is presented that allows for the manual and semi-automated creation of match models which formalize the intended matching result. Second a benchmarking procedure is implemented which – given the intended match and the actual results of matching algorithms – automatically derives the number of a and b errors in a target-performance comparison. These results are valuable for drawing conclusions about the specific qualities of matching algorithms or for finding an adequate set of parameters for a configurable algorithm. KW - EMF Models KW - Model Comparison KW - Matching Algorithms KW - Evaluation Y1 - 2013 SN - 978-989-8565-42-6 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5220/0004310801010110 SN - 2184-4348 SP - 101 EP - 110 PB - SciTePress - Science and and Technology Publications ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schiegl, Corina A1 - Schroll-Decker, Irmgard T1 - Das Weaning im außerklinischen Setting – ein Scoping Review JF - Gesundheitswesen N2 - 2021 wurde erstmals nach § 17 des Bayerischen Pflege- und Wohnqualitätsgesetzes (PfleWoqG) eine Übergangswohnform zum außerklinischen therapeutischen Weaning auf Probe zugelassen. Um dieses Forschungsfeld thematisch zu strukturieren, eignet sich ein Scoping Review. Im Folgenden werden ausschließlich Ergebnisse präsentiert, die im Themenblock „Intensiv- und Beatmungspflege“ Erkenntnisse zu den zwei Forschungsfragen ergeben: 1. Welche Faktoren begünstigen die Lebensqualität bei beatmeten Menschen v. a. bei einer Versorgung im außerklinischen Setting? 2. Welche Faktoren forcieren das Weaning in einem außerklinischen Setting und unter welchen Bedingungen wirken sie? KW - Weaning KW - Lebensqualität KW - Selbstbestimmung KW - Intensivpflege Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2504-0195 VL - 87 IS - 12 SP - 748 EP - 757 PB - Thieme CY - Stuttgart ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schiegl, Corina A1 - Schroll-Decker, Irmgard A1 - Kurbel, Matthias T1 - Self-Determination in Patients with Intensive Care Needs: Care Management Implications JF - Journal of Social Policy N2 - Highly vulnerable people, such as those on permanent ventilation, are heavily dependent on medical, nursing and social support. The aim of the treatment of these patients is to make them independent of the ventilators - insofar as there is a po- tential for weaning from ventilation. This requires a considerable amount of time, especially for people with multimorbid diseases. In a clinical setting, the necessary resources for this are not available. In a newly created transitional living form for out-of-hospital ventilation wean- ing, patients are closely supervised and supported in the weaning process by a multidisciplinary team in a homely environment. The transitional housing form is supported by research carried out by the Ostbayerische Technische Hochschule Re- gensburg. The evaluation of self-determination in a complex disease situation is one aspect of this research. This paper is based on a study that included 54 guideline-based, semi-stan- dardised interviews which were conducted with the patients themselves and/or rel- atives covering the aspects of medical and therapeutic care as well as housing and self-determination. The interviews were evaluated using content analysis. In a first step, the categories of the analysis of self-determination are described. Further- more, the results are exemplified with a case study. Results of the study show that the perception of quality of life is closely linked to the possibilities for self-determination. The comprehensive medical, nursing and therapeutic support contributes to the well-being of the sick people, who should be informed about and involved in the treatment. The case study illustrates by way of example how self-determination can be achieved in the case of severely diseased patients (e.g. referring to their mobilisation, visits, spare time activities) and how compliance can be increased. It became evident that even in the case of lethal dis- eases whose progression cannot be influenced, a self-determined life is still possi- ble. KW - Selbstbestimmung KW - Intensivpflegebedarf KW - Care Management Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.37509/socpol251821149s VL - 18 IS - 21 SP - 159 EP - 168 PB - Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Faculty of Philosophy CY - Skopje ER - TY - GEN A1 - Albrecht, Sophie Viktoria T1 - Additive manufacturing in construction (AMC) : analysing environmental potentials through life cycle assessment and circularity assessment N2 - Promotionsstand mit aktuellen Ergebnissen T2 - Additive Fertigung im Bauwesen: Analyse der Nachhaltigkeitspotenziale durch Ökobilanzierung und Zirkularitätsbewertung Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-86695 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Bauer, Lukas A1 - Vitzthumecker, Thomas A1 - Bierl, Rudolf A1 - Ehrnsperger, Matthias G. T1 - Machine-learning-based detection and severity estimation of drought stress in plants using hyperspectral imaging data T2 - Remote Sensing for Agriculture, Ecosystems, and Hydrology XXVII N2 - Growing food demand due to population growth, coupled with increasingly frequent and severe droughts caused by climate change make water increasingly scarce. To address this, accurate assessment of plant water demand is essential for precise drought treatment and water conservation. Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) captures hypercubes, a combination of spectral and spatial data and offers promising capabilities for detection of plant stresses. However, most reported approaches only use selected spectral bands or indices, neglecting the full hypercube information. This is assumed to limit the detection accuracy. To overcome these limitations, we aim to develop a measurement pipeline to generate a comprehensive dataset comprising hypercubes of plants under varying drought stress levels along with selected physiological, environmental, and illumination data. This dataset will be used to train suitable data-driven models that enable improved drought stress detection as well as the non-invasive determination of physiological parameters based on HSI data. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3072011 PB - SPIE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Jannsen, Kai A1 - Ehrnsperger, Matthias G. T1 - Edge-efficient convolutional neural network for real-time doppler radar gesture recognition T2 - 2025 IEEE Radar Conference (RadarConf25), 4.-9. Oktober 2025, Krakow N2 - Embedded gesture recognition using radar sensors enables intuitive and robust human-machine interfaces, which is appealing for automotive applications such as trunk opening via foot gesture. Designing a radar-based classifier that runs ondevice (edge) under strict resource constraints poses several challenges. The system must achieve real-time inference (e.g. under 200 ms) on a microcontroller unit (MCU), while maintaining high accuracy, and minimize false detections. This paper focuses on a binary classification task, while distinguishing a valid trunkopening “kick” gesture from other motions. Firstly, we evaluate classical machine learning (cML) models (Random Forests or support vector machines (SVMs)) for baseline performance, however they face difficulties with higher false positive rates and do not meet real time criteria. We then employ Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and apply neural architecture search (NAS) to discover a compact CNN tailored for a 60 GHz Doppler radar dataset of 50 subjects, each with 10 leg gestures. By constraining network depth, filter sizes, and hyperparameters, NAS yields a small but accurate “edge” CNN that fits within the limited memory of a STM32 Nucleo F446RE microcontroller. The final model achieves 95.1 % accuracy on the binary classification task with 96.6 % precision and 2.17 % false positive rate (FPR), and requires only 167.5 ms to run inference on the MCU. Y1 - 2025 SN - 979-8-3315-4433-1 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/RadarConf2559087.2025.11205096 SP - 877 EP - 881 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Ehrnsperger, Matthias G. T1 - Multimodal sensor fusion for resilient perception: combining radar and imaging for all-weather object tracking T2 - Artificial Intelligence and Image and Signal Processing for Remote Sensing XXXI N2 - This work presents the concept and initial qualitative observations of a multimodal perception system that fuses radar, lidar, and camera data to improve object detection and tracking under adverse environmental conditions. The approach focuses on building weather-impact models for each sensor modality—quantifying performance degradation effects such as color shifts and contrast loss in cameras, range reduction and spurious returns in lidar, and resolution limitations in radar. These models will later inform adaptive sensor fusion strategies deployed on embedded edge-AI hardware, using an Infineon BGT60TR13C FMCW radar, Intel RealSense D455 depth camera, and low-power processors. Preliminary visual inspection of collected datasets indicates that combining complementary sensing modalities can maintain detection continuity under conditions where single modalities fail. Future work will quantitatively evaluate these effects and demonstrate weather-adaptive perception on the embedded platform. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3071683 PB - SPIE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Ehrnsperger, Matthias G. T1 - Enhancing object recognition through camera-radar fusion and micro-doppler signature integration T2 - Emerging Technologies and Materials for Security and Defence 2025 N2 - Object recognition systems based on visual sensors often struggle in degraded environmental conditions such as fog, rain, darkness, or occlusion. Radar, in contrast, offers robust detection capabilities under such conditions but lacks the spatial resolution of optical sensors. This paper presents an ongoing research effort towards a multimodal sensor fusion framework that integrates camera data with radar signals, specifically exploiting micro-Doppler (μD) signatures, with the aim of improving object recognition robustness. The proposed setup uses an Intel RealSense Depth Camera D455 and an Infineon BGT60TR13C radar sensor, deployed on a low-power embedded platform with STM32 microcontrollers. The signal processing pipeline, currently under development, combines time–frequency radar analysis with convolutional neural network-based visual feature extraction for real-time edge AI inference. We describe the system design, preliminary data acquisition setup, and planned evaluation strategy. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3071682 PB - SPIE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Vetter, Miriam A1 - Haug, Sonja A1 - Weber, Karsten ED - BBSR – Bundesinstitut für Bau-, Stadt- und Raumforschung im Bundesamt für Bauwesen und Raumordnung, T1 - Die Zukunft der Notfallerkennung in Haushalten älterer Menschen : eine Technikbewertung T2 - Demografische Alterungsprozesse : Chancen und Herausforderungen für die Regionalentwicklung N2 - Die meisten älteren Personen wünschen sich ein Altern in der Häuslichkeit, auch bei zunehmendem Anteil an Pflegebedürftigen in der Bevölkerung. Der Pflegenotstand im ländlichen Raum und im ambulanten Bereich stellt die häusliche Versorgung jedoch vor Herausforderungen. Die Digitalisierung soll dabei Abhilfe schaffen. Hausnotrufsysteme sind eine weit verbreitete Form digitaler Assistenzsysteme, die auf Knopfdruck Hilferufe an Hausnotrufzentralen übermitteln. Sie stehen jedoch in der Kritik, da die Handsender aus Angst vor Stigmatisierung von den Pflegebedürftigen oft abgelegt und daher trotz Notlage nicht genutzt werden. Neben vielfältiger Forschung zu digitalen Assistenzsystemen werden zunehmend technische Prototypen zu Smart-Meter-Anwendungen zur Notfallerkennung für ältere Menschen entwickelt, die mithilfe von Stromverbrauchsdaten und Künstlicher Intelligenz auf Inaktivität und somit mögliche Notfälle schließen. Smart-Meter sind intelligente Messsysteme, die für bestimmte Privathaushalte gesetzlich verpflichtend eingeführt werden, um Netzstabilität zu gewährleisten. Dieser Beitrag stellt erste Ergebnisse einer Technikbewertung mithilfe eines Mixed-Method-Ansatzes vor. Ein Drittel der Expertinnen und Experten sieht eine positive Nutzungsintention. Die Bevölkerungsbefragung zeigt Unentschlossenheit bezüglich der neuen Technologie. Eine Nutzungsintention besteht vor allem bei jüngeren technikaffinen Personen, d.h. den älteren Menschen der Zukunft. KW - Notfallerkennung KW - Smart Meter KW - Akzeptanz Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.58007/gcpc-7j48 SN - 1868-0097 SP - 126 EP - 136 PB - BBSR – Bundesinstitut für Bau-, Stadt- und Raumforschung im Bundesamt für Bauwesen und Raumordnung (BBR) CY - Bonn ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Irlenborn, Yvonne A1 - Haug, Sonja ED - BBSR – Bundesinstitut für Bau-, Stadt- und Raumforschung im Bundesamt für Bauwesen und Raumordnung, T1 - Zivilgesellschaft im Wandel – Zwischen Potenzial und Herausforderung. Ergebnisse einer Befragung in der Gemeinde Hebertshausen (Bayern) T2 - Demografische Alterungsprozesse. Chancen und Herausforderungen für die Regionalentwicklung N2 - Was motiviert Menschen dazu, sich freiwillig und ehrenamtlich zu engagieren? Worin unterscheiden sich die Motive der verschiedenen Altersgruppen? Und welche Potenziale und Herausforderungen ergeben sich daraus für die Region? Ausgehend vom strukturellen Wandel des Wohlfahrtsstaates, der unter anderem durch den demografischen Wandel bedingt ist, sehen sich kommunale Akteure zunehmend in der Pflicht, ihre Bürgerschaft zu aktivieren, um soziale Versorgungslücken zu schließen. Freiwilliges und ehrenamtliches Engagement dient dabei nicht nur der Förderung der Gemeinschaft, sondern sichert auch Existenzen – als Ressource der Gesellschaft und zur Stärkung der sozialen Teilhabe – selbst in den kleinsten und strukturschwächsten Kommunen. Die Zivilgesellschaft, als alternative und sozialkommunale Versorgungsstrategie, bietet hier Lösungsansätze für gesamtgesellschaftliche Herausforderungen, die sich aus der demografischen Alterung ergeben. Der Beitrag stellt Ergebnisse einer Fallstudie mit einer qualitativen Befragung von Expertinnen und Experten (n=14) und einer quantitativen Befragung (n=117) zur Motivation von Bürgerinnen und Bürgern für freiwilliges und ehrenamtliches Engagement in der Gemeinde Hebertshausen vor. Hebertshausen ist eine kreisangehörige Gemeinde im Landkreis Dachau (Regierungsbezirk Oberbayern, Bundesland Bayern) mit grundzentraler Funktion (siehe Abschnitt 3). KW - Zivilgesellschaft KW - Demografischer Wandel KW - Demografischer Wandel KW - Zivilgesellschaft KW - Ehrenamt Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.58007/gcpc-7j48 SN - 1868-0097 VL - 2025 SP - 62 EP - 76 PB - BBSR CY - Bonn ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schmid, Michael T. A1 - Thiel, Charlotte T1 - Is it worth it? Potential for reducing the environmental impact of bitumen roofing membrane production JF - Recycling N2 - Between 51% and 72% of a bituminous roofing membrane used for structural water-proofing consists of organic material, predominantly bitumen - a derivative of crude oil refining - highlighting the strong dependence of this product on fossil resources. Considering that several tonnes of these membranes must be replaced every 30 to 50 years, substantial potential exists for emission reduction through the establishment of circular material systems. This study investigates this potential by analysing 26 Environmental Product Declarations (EPDs) and life cycle datasets from across Europe covering the period from 2007 to 2023. To ensure comparability, all data were normalised to a declared unit of 1 kg of roofing membrane. The reinforcement layers were categorised into glass and polyester & glass composites, and their differences were examined using Welch’s t-tests. Correlative analyses and linear as well as multiple regression models were then applied to explore relationships between environmental indicators and the shares of organic and mineral mass fractions. The findings reveal that renewable energy sources, although currently representing only a small share of total production energy, provide a major lever for reducing nearly all environmental impact categories. The type of reinforcement layer was also found to influence the demand for fossil resources, both materially and energetically. For most environmental indicators, only multiple regression models can explain at least 30% of the variance based on the proportions of organic and mineral inputs. Overall, the study underscores the crucial importance of high-quality, transparently documented product data for accurately assessing the sustainability of building products. It further demonstrates that substituting fossil energy carriers with renewable sources and optimising material efficiency can substantially reduce environmental burdens, provided that methodological consistency and clarity of indicator definitions are maintained. KW - bitumen sealing KW - bitumen recycling KW - circular construction KW - correlation analysis KW - LCA Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-86873 N1 - Corresponding author der OTH Regensburg: Michael Schmid VL - 10 IS - 6 PB - MDPI ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Sigwarth, Tess A1 - Büchner, Johannes A1 - Wistuba, Michael A1 - Geiger, Lydia A1 - Knittlmayer, Christian A1 - Rädecke, Christoph A1 - Seelig, Karsten A1 - Schmid, Michael T. A1 - Thiel, Charlotte A1 - Tumakov, Konstantin A1 - Ditscherlein, Lisa A1 - Peuker, Urs Alexander T1 - Forschungsbericht REBIBA - Recycling von Bitumenbahnen für Bauwerksabdichtungen BT - Baustofftechnologische Grundlagen und Voraussetzungen, Materialcharakterisierung, Verfahrenstechnik, Prozesssicherheit N2 - In Europa werden ca. 62 % aller neuen Flachdächer mit Bitumenbahnen abgedichtet (Das Dachdecker-Handwerk, 2023). Bitumenbahnen bestehen typischerweise aus einem Trägermaterial – einem Glas-moder Kunststoffvlies. Dieses ist beidseitig mit Bitumen(-massen) beschichtet. Diese Bitumenmassenbestehen zu einem großen Anteil aus erdölbasiertem Bitumen, dessen Herstellung viel Energieverbraucht und somit einen hohen Emissionsausstoß aufweist. Am Ende der Nutzungsdauer vonBitumenbahnen werden diese aufgrund ihres Heizwertes thermisch verwertet.Mit diesem Forschungsprojekt wurden die wissenschaftlichen und technischen Hindernisse für diestoffliche Verwertung und das kontinuierliche Recycling von bituminösem Abdichtungs- undDachbahnen-Abfall in Deutschland eruiert. Dazu wurden alle Verarbeitungsschritte zur Gewinnung undAufbereitung von wiedergewonnenen Bitumenbahnen aus Bauabfällen als wertvolle Ressource fürAnwendungen im Hochbau in Form neuer Bitumenbahnen betrachtet. Hierzu wurden zunächstunterschiedliche Aufbereitungstechniken erprobt, um die Bitumenmasse von den Trägereinlagenabzutrennen. Zur Charakterisierung der Bitumenmassen und deren Alterungsverhalten wurdenrheologische Prüfverfahren im Dynamischen Scherrheometer durchgeführt. Diese erlauben dieBeurteilung der viskoelastischen Eigenschaften und des Gebrauchsverhaltens bei Wärme und beiKälte. Anhand der rheologischen Prüfungen wurde das Alterungsverhalten von Bitumenmassenumfassend untersucht, um daraus die Grundlage für die Rezepturentwicklung von rezykliertenBitumenmassen zu erstellen.Aus den zerkleinerten Rezyklaten konnten Prototypen von Bitumenbahnen mit Recycling-Anteilen vonbis zu 37 % hergestellt werden. Für die großtechnische Umsetzung des Recyclingverfahrens ist dieAbtrennung der Trägereinlagen und möglichen mineralischen Abstreuungen anzustreben. Die begleitende Ökobilanzierung zeigte ein Einsparpotenzial bei den Treibhausemissionen (GWP) vonbis zu 33,0 %. Unter Einbindung erneuerbarer Energien ist eine Reduktion von bis zu 43,1 % denkbar. Im Bereich der nicht erneuerbaren Primärenergie (PENRT), die sich bei Bitumendachbahnen hauptsächlich aus materiellen und energetischen fossilen Stoffen zusammensetzt, kann etwa die Hälfte davon eingespart werden. Das ist den 80 % des Bitumenmaterials zuzuschreiben, die maximal prozesstechnisch substituiert werden können, was schließlich deutlich höher ausfällt, als die theoretischen Einsparpotentiale im Treibhauspotential. N2 - Around 62 % of all new flat roofs in Europe are waterproofed with bitumen membranes (Das Dachdecker-Handwerk, 2023). These membranes typically consist of a carrier material, such as glass or plastic fleece, coated on both sides with bitumen compounds. These compounds consist largely of petroleum-based bitumen, the production of which causes high emissions and consumes a lot of energy. After bitumen sheets reach the end of their useful life, they are thermally recycled due to their calorific value. This project aims to overcome the scientific and technical obstacles to recovering and continuously recycling bituminous waterproofing and roofing membrane waste in Germany. All processing steps for extracting and treating recovered bituminous membranes from construction waste will be considered valuable resources for applications in building construction, such as new bituminous membranes. Initially, different processing techniques were tested to separate the bitumen mass from the carrier layers. Rheological test methods using a dynamic shear rheometer were introduced to characterize the bitumen masses and their aging behavior. These tests allow us to assess the viscoelastic properties and service behavior in hot and cold conditions. Rheological tests were used to investigate the aging behavior of bituminous mixtures, creating a foundation for developing formulations for recycled bituminous mixtures. Shredded recyclates were used to produce prototypes of bitumen membranes containing up to 37 % recycled material. The goal for large-scale implementation of the recycling process is to separate the carrier layers and any mineral scattering. An accompanying life cycle assessment showed the potential for reducing greenhouse gas emissions (GWP) by up to 33.0 %. With the integration of renewable energies, a reduction of up to 43.1 % is possible. In the area of non-renewable primary energy (PENRT), around half of this can be saved, mainly by substituting material and energetic fossil substances in bitumen roofing membranes. This is due to the fact that 80 % of the bitumen material can be substituted by process technology, which is ultimately a significantly higher savings potential than that of global warming. With the integration of renewable energies, a reduction of up to 43.1 % is possible. Around half of this can be saved in the area of non-renewable primary energy (PENRT), which, in the case of bitumen roofing membranes, is mainly made up of material and energetic fossil substances. This is due to the fact that 80 % of the bitumen material can be substituted by process technology, which is ultimately significantly higher than the theoretical savings potential in terms of global warming potential. Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:084-2025103011147 N1 - Dieses Projekt wurde gefördert vom Bundesinstitut für Bau-, Stadt- und Raumforschung im Auftrag des Bundesministeriums für Wohnen, Stadtentwicklung und Bauwesen aus Mitteln der Zukunft Bau Forschungsförderung CY - Braunschweig ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bedbur, Stefan A1 - Kamps, Udo A1 - Schmiedt, Anja Bettina T1 - A flexible model of ordered random variables for non-metallic inclusions in steels and related statistical inference JF - Applied Mathematical Modelling N2 - In a data set of non-metallic inclusion sizes in samples from engineering steel, common order statistics fail to serve as a suitable model for ascendingly ordered measurements within single samples. Therefore, a flexible model of ordered random variables is proposed, which allows for changes of distributions described by model parameters. Joint maximum likelihood estimation of these parameters and the shape parameter of an underlying left-truncated Weibull distribution is considered, and a model test is developed for the null-hypothesis of common order statistics being an adequate model. To overcome small data situations, a link-function approach is examined in order to reduce the number of involved model parameters as well as to propose to use a link-function parameter as a material indicator. An asymptotic test is provided to check for the presence of a linear link function, and tests for hypotheses about two link-function parameters are studied. Moreover, the construction of simultaneous confidence regions for the link-function parameters as well as of confidence bands for the entire graph of the link function are presented. Throughout, the findings are applied to the real metallurgical data set. Similar problems and data structures arise in other fields of material science and applications such as geology. Y1 - 2026 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apm.2025.116284 SN - 0307-904X N1 - Corresponding author der OTH Regensburg: Anja Bettina Schmiedt VL - 149 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - THES A1 - Schön, Matthias T1 - Implementation and Evaluation of the ESPRIT Algorithm for DoA Estimation on an FPGA-based SDR Platform N2 - Environmental sensing using smart antennas and antenna arrays is a broad field with many applications in different areas. This thesis is part of the initial stage of a longer research project at the OTH Regensburg, with the goal of enhancing the antenna-array-based sensing capabilities of base stations. Existing technologies that utilize radio waves, such as radar, often require the generation of special signals to scan the environment. This project aims to utilize the existing mobile communication traffic instead, making the benefits of sensing capabilities available to a wider range of applications. Many of the array processing methods require high computational power and are used in environments with real-time constraints. Therefore, the use of field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) for hardware acceleration of these methods will be investigated, evaluating which methods are suitable for implementation on FPGAs. The focus in this thesis lies on the Estimation of Signal Parameters Via Rotational Invariance Techniques (ESPRIT) method for direction of arrival (DoA) estimation, as it is a popular and highly accurate method that does not rely on calibration. The accelerator is implemented for the RFSoC4x2 software-defined radio (SDR), using Vitis High-Level Synthesis (HLS) for implementation of the algorithm itself, Vivado for the hardware configuration, and Python Productivity on Zynq (PYNQ) for drivers and application code. Simulations for evaluation and verification, as well as test data generation, are implemented in Julia, using a custom array signal processing package. A measurement setup is used to collect experimental data for simulation and evaluation of the performance of the implemented ESPRIT. It is shown that the underlying assumption of equal subarrays does not hold for the array used for the measurements. This causes the estimates to be erroneous and can only be addressed by employing other algorithms that allow for the required calibration. KW - Field programmable gate array KW - Digitale Signalverarbeitung KW - Array signal processing KW - Direction-of-arrival estimation Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-86883 CY - Regensburg ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kellner, Florian T1 - Business Analytics Anwendungen in der Logistik T2 - Werkstoffe in der Fertigung : das Portal für die Fertigungswelt von morgen N2 - Der Begriff Business Analytics (BA) beschreibt die datengetriebene Analyse von Geschäftsprozessen. Ziel ist es, mittels IT-Einsatz und unter Anwendung mathematischer und statistischer Verfahren vergangenheits- und zukunftsorientierte Einblicke in ein Unternehmen zu erhalten um, darauf aufbauend, möglichst optimale Handlungsempfehlungen abzuleiten. Die folgenden Ausführungen sind dazu gedacht, dem Leser anhand logistischer Fragestellungen ein grundsätzliches Verständnis für den Begriff „Business Analytics“ zu vermitteln. Y1 - 2022 UR - https://werkstoffzeitschrift.de/business-analytics-anwendungen-in-der-logistik/ ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kellner, Florian T1 - Changes in the field of FMCG distribution logistics and their impacts on the cost optimal distribution network - A simulation based case study T2 - 15th European Logistics Association Doctorate Workshop // June 2010, Nantes‐Saint Nazaire, France Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kellner, Florian T1 - GHG network analysis FMCG T2 - Logistikmanagement, September 2013, Bremen Y1 - 2013 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kellner, Florian T1 - Analyzing the greenhouse gas sensitivity of distribution networks T2 - Global Cleaner Production and Sustainable Consumption Conference // November 2015, Sitges/Barcelona Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kellner, Florian T1 - Supplier portfolio optimization T2 - Ipsera Conference, April 2017, Balatonfüred/Budapest Y1 - 2017 ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Volkenhoff, Tobias A1 - Gerstenberger, Marcus A1 - Breitbarth, Lutz A1 - Carstensen, Christian A1 - Dölger, Reiner A1 - Feldges, Michael A1 - Hegewald, Jessica A1 - Mutzbauer, Johannes A1 - Rose, Martin A1 - Schopf, Hans Jürgen A1 - Schroth, Max A1 - Schwietering, Christoph A1 - Seidel, Christian A1 - Sievers, Ariane A1 - Spangler, Matthias A1 - Trupat, Stefan A1 - Üstün, Ellen T1 - H NBA - Hinweise zum Einsatz von Netzbeeinflussungsanlagen KW - Verkehrstechnik KW - Netzbeeinflussungsanlagen KW - Verkehrsmanagement Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-86646-434-8 IS - 310/1 PB - FGSV CY - Köln ET - Ausgabe 2025 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schroll-Decker, Irmgard T1 - Tobias Schmohl, Alice Watanabe, Kathrin Schelling (Hrsg.): Künstliche Intelligenz in der Hochschulbildung. Chancen und Grenzen des KI-gestützten Lernens und Lehrens. transcript (Bielefeld) 2023 JF - socialnet Rezensionen 2023 Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.socialnet.de/rezensionen/30718.php ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schroll-Decker, Irmgard T1 - Vera Miesen: Engagement und Habitus im Alter. Milieuspezifische Engagementtätigkeit im sozialen Nahraum. transcript (Bielefeld) 2022 JF - socialnet Rezensionen Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.socialnet.de/rezensionen/30382.php ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Straus, Izidor A1 - Kravanja, Gaia A1 - Kriegl, Raphael A1 - Shamonin (Chamonine), Mikhail A1 - Drevenšek-Olenik, Irena A1 - Jezeršek, Matija A1 - Kokot, Gašper T1 - Laser Micromachining for Polymer Surface Topography Designt JF - JoVE journal : engineering N2 - Soft magnetoactive elastomers (MAEs) are smart materials that respond to external magnetic fields by dynamically altering their mechanical properties. They are composed of magnetically responsive microparticles embedded within a soft polymer matrix, exhibiting an effective shear modulus of up to 100 kPa. In recent decades, MAEs' bulk properties have been successfully exploited for applications such as dynamic vibration damping, vibration sensing, and actuation in soft robotics. Recent research has shifted to their surface properties, revealing promising results on tunable surface features such as roughness, adhesion, and wetting. Even the transport of small solid and fluid objects was demonstrated. The associated surface effects can be significantly enhanced through the precise engineering of surface topography. In this article, an efficient laser micromachining technique, with a resolution of 15 µm, is presented, which enables rapid prototyping of MAE surfaces. It allows the creation of various complex shapes and offers functionality beyond the one achievable with traditional molding techniques. Additionally, the approach is versatile and can be applied to any polymer that sufficiently absorbs the laser light. As an example, a lamellar surface micro-pattern fabrication process and its characterization by optical and scanning electron microscopies are shown. Its response to a magnetic field is demonstrated. The technique provides a flexible and fast solution for optimizing polymer surface design across a wide range of applications. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3791/68126 PB - JoVE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Saffert, Anne-Sophie A1 - Wiederer, Jonas A1 - Höng, Simon Konrad A1 - Linner, Thomas A1 - Obergrießer, Mathias A1 - Neumann, Patrick T1 - Towards AI-based optimization of human-centered and robot-assisted construction processes T2 - Proceedings of the 42nd International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction (ISARC), Montreal, Canada July 28-31, 2025 N2 - This research explores an innovative AI-driven approach to optimizing construction processes with a focus on humancentered design, addressing key challenges in the construction industry, such as skilled labor shortages and ergonomic risks associated withwork-related musculoskeletal disorders. By integrating process design with AI-based algorithms into simulation tools, various construction process layout variants including robot-assisted scenarios can be simulated and evaluated based on user-specific key performance indicators (e.g., ergonomic score, layouting parameters) to identify optimized solutions. A data processing algorithm automates the process, eliminating the need for manual simulation variations and resulting in increased operational productivity. The AI-based system evaluates and optimizes process layouts by adjusting control parameters. A case study on a brick laying process serves as an exemplary use case, highlighting the necessity and impact of adopting process optimization. The findings emphasize the transformative potential of automated process optimization within simulation environments to rethink existing construction practices, enhance worker well-being, and boost operational productivity. KW - AI-based Learning KW - Simulation KW - Process optimization KW - Human Factors KW - Parametric Design Automation Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-0-6458322-2-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.22260/ISARC2025/0112 SN - 2413-5844 N1 - Präsentationsvideo: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QL-1mIuy-_M SP - 861 EP - 868 PB - IAARC ER - TY - GEN A1 - Weber, Karsten T1 - Künstliche Intelligenz: Ökonomische und ethische Aspekte Y1 - 2025 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Weber, Karsten T1 - Künstliche Intelligenz für Nichtregierungsorganisationen (KINiro) – Bedarf, Akzeptanz und Umsetzungsmöglichkeiten Y1 - 2025 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Weber, Karsten T1 - Aspekte der sozialen Nachhaltigkeit am Beispiel des Einsatzes von KI. Ergebnisse einer Befragung von zivilgesellschaftlichen Organisationen in der Grenzregion im Bereich Umweltschutz, Sozial- und Gesundheitswesen T2 - Aspekty sociální udržitelnosti na příkladu využití umělé inteligence. Výsledky průzkumu mezi občanskými organizacemi v pohraniční oblasti v oblasti ochrany životního prostředí, sociálních věcí a zdravotnictví a lidských práv Y1 - 2025 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Weber, Karsten T1 - Zwischen Fortschritt und Verantwortung: KI, Nachhaltigkeit und wir Y1 - 2025 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Weber, Karsten T1 - KI ./. Demokratie BT - Ein kompliziertes Verhältnis Y1 - 2024 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Weber, Karsten T1 - KI und Big Data: Wenn ein Hype zum ethischen Stolperstein wird Y1 - 2025 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Weber, Karsten T1 - Social science research, research on acceptance, and applied ethics on technology and artificial intelligence in the health sector Y1 - 2024 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Weber, Karsten T1 - Verstand, Vernunft, Seele: Was unterscheidet KI-Systeme von Menschen? Y1 - 2024 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Weber, Karsten T1 - Die üblichen Verdächtigen – automatisierte Strafverfolgung aus Perspektive der Technikfolgenabschätzung und Technikbewertung Y1 - 2024 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Weber, Karsten T1 - Digitalisierung, KI, Robotik – Visionen für die Gesundheitsversorgung von morgen Y1 - 2024 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Weber, Karsten T1 - KI und Roboter in der Science Fiction – eine (augenzwinkernde) Einführung zur KI-Forschung Y1 - 2024 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Weber, Karsten T1 - The weapons of war and conflict are technology BT - Security from the viewpoint of Technology Assessment Y1 - 2023 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Weber, Karsten T1 - Nutzungsdauer und Recycling softwareabhängiger Geräte – Herausforderungen und mögliche Lösungsansätze Y1 - 2023 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tröster, Mark A1 - Eckstein, Simon A1 - Kennel, Paula A1 - Kopp, Verna A1 - Benkiser, Alina A1 - Bihlmeier, Felicitas A1 - Daub, Urban A1 - Maufroy, Christophe A1 - Dendorfer, Sebastian A1 - Fritzsche, Lars A1 - Schneider, Urs A1 - Bauernhasl, Thomas T1 - Person-specific evaluation method for occupational exoskeletons - Biomechanical body heat map JF - Applied Ergonomics N2 - Human-centred and ergonomic work design is one of the most important drivers for increasing the competitiveness of the European Union. As a flexible, person-specific occupational measure, exoskeletons promise great potential for effectively reducing individual ergonomic stress. Digital human models can provide important insights and offer great potential for systematising the effect and targeted use of exoskeletons, supporting their effective implementation in practice. In this article, digital human models are applied on two levels. Firstly, a realistic industrial logistics scenario in which boxes had to be relocated is designed with the help of a digital human model for workplace and process planning and secondly, a new biomechanical evaluation methodology to analyse intended and unintended effects on internal stress on the human body is demonstrated by applying musculoskeletal exoskeleton human models of four test subjects. Finally, the modelled biomechanical support tendencies of one exoskeleton are preliminary validated using EMG measurement data of the back muscles collected from the four male workers. The preliminary analysis of two back-support exoskeletons to demonstrate the new methodological approach confirms the expected, intended effects in the lower back and reveals unintended effects, such as e.g. changes in knee kinetics when applying a soft or hard-frame exoskeleton. Furthermore, the exemplary results to demonstrate the methodological approach expose notable differences between the test subjects, which underlines the relevance of person-specific evaluation and consideration of exoskeleton support. The preliminary validation shows a correlation between the modelled and the EMG-measured biomechanical exoskeleton support of the considered back muscles. KW - Industry 5.0 KW - Ergonomics KW - Digital human modelling KW - Biomechanics KW - Musculoskeletal modelling KW - Occupational exoskeletons Y1 - 2026 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2025.104671 VL - 132 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Vetter, Miriam A1 - Haug, Sonja A1 - Weber, Karsten T1 - Abschlussbericht Projekt EVEKT – Erhöhung der Verbraucherpartizipation an der Energiewende durch KI-Technologien und datenbasierte Mehrwertdienste BT - Teilprojekt: Sozialwissenschaftliche Begleitforschung - Technikfolgenabschätzung N2 - Das Forschungsprojekt EVEKT beinhaltet ein interdisziplinäres Vorhaben mit technischer, rechts- und sozialwissenschaftlicher Komponente. Inhaltlich geht es um Künstliche Intelligenz und datenbasierte Mehrwertdienste und deren Anwendung am Beispiel von Smart-Metern (intelligenten Messsystemen) in Privathaushalten. Hintergrund ist der verpflichtende Smart-Meter-Rollout in Deutschland bis 2032. Das Gesamtziel des Projektes EVEKT ist es, Haushalte im Untersuchungsgebiet, einem Rei-henhauskomplex „Herzobase“ in Herzogenaurach bei Nürnberg, mit einem System auszustatten, das zur Messung des Stromverbrauchs dient und zum Stromsparen anregen soll. Die Pilotanwendung soll die Möglichkeiten und Grenzen des Einsatzes intelligenter Algorithmen zeigen, um letztlich das Konsumverhalten der Testhaushalte positiv zu beeinflussen. Die Daten aus den Smart-Metering-System werden hierzu erfasst, aufbereitet und den Verbrauchenden über datenbasierte Mehrwertdienste transparent zur Verfügung gestellt. Intelligente Algorithmen sollen den Bewohnenden nach einer Auswertungsperiode auf Grundlage der Smart-Meter-Daten Hinweise über ihr Energienutzungsverhalten und mögliche Ersparnisse liefern. Durch diese Informationen soll es erleichtert werden, das je eigene Verbrauchsverhalten zu verändern. Dieser Schlussbericht beinhaltet eine Beschreibung des Teilprojekts der sozialwissenschaftlichen Begleitforschung und Technikfolgenabschätzung, das an der OTH Regensburg bearbeitet wurde. KW - Sozialwissenschaften KW - Technikfolgenabschätzung KW - Technikfolgenabschätzung KW - Smart Meter KW - Energiesparen KW - Bevölkerungsbefragung Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-86646 PB - Technische Informationsbibliothek (TIB) CY - Hannover ET - Stand: 12.08.2025 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Currle, Edda A1 - Haug, Sonja A1 - Weber, Karsten T1 - Akzeptanz des Einsatzes von Künstlicher Intelligenz im Anamneseprozess: Ergebnisse einer Bevölkerungsbefragung in Deutschland JF - Zeitschrift für Evidenz, Fortbildung und Qualität im Gesundheitswesen N2 - Hintergrund und Zielsetzung Zunehmend werden digitale Anamneseverfahren, wie z. B. Chatbots, entwickelt und evaluiert, sind jedoch in Arztpraxen in Deutschland noch nicht flächendeckend implementiert. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist die Erhebung der Akzeptanz der Bevölkerung in Deutschland gegenüber KI-gestützten Verfahren im Anamneseprozess, durch die es möglich wird, Rückschlüsse auf die Nutzung der Verfahren und ihre Eignung als Bestandteil von Digitalisierungsstrategien der Praxen zu ziehen. Methode Die Studie basiert auf einer Onlinebefragung der Bevölkerung in Deutschland (Feldphase 18.-24.11.2024, n = 1.000). Zurückgehend auf die „Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology“ (UTAUT) wurden drei zentrale Hypothesen zur Nutzung von Künstlicher Intelligenz (KI) im Anamneseprozess aufgestellt und mit linearen Regressionsmodellen getestet. Ergebnisse Die Akzeptanz für die Nutzung von KI-gestützten Systemen fällt in beiden untersuchten Szenarien, der Nutzung eines Chatbots zu Hause und der Nutzung eines Chatbots in einer Arztpraxis, hoch aus. Dabei bestätigen sich die erwarteten Zusammenhänge von Leistungserwartung, Aufwandserwartung und erwartetem Sozialem Einfluss mit der Verhaltensabsicht, einen Chatbot in der Arztpraxis oder vor dem Besuch einer Arztpraxis zu nutzen. Die Einflüsse von Alter, Geschlecht oder Erfahrung mit der Technologie zeigen jedoch nicht die vermuteten Zusammenhänge. Diskussion und Schlussfolgerung Die Praktikabilität ist von entscheidender Bedeutung für eine positive Einstellung gegenüber der Nutzung. Dabei zeigt sich kein Unterschied zwischen den Geschlechtern. Bei der Implementierung von Chatbots im Anamneseprozess sollten die Aspekte Praktikabilität, Datenschutz und Datensicherheit eine wesentliche Rolle spielen. Angesichts der Tatsache, dass ein großer Teil der älteren Bevölkerung in Deutschland nach wie vor über begrenzte Erfahrung mit digitalen Technologien verfügt, ist Gebrauchstauglichkeit für diese Bevölkerungsgruppe sowie für Menschen mit Beeinträchtigungen von hoher Relevanz. N2 - Background and objectives Digital tools for medical history-taking, such as chatbots, are increasingly being developed and evaluated but have not yet been implemented across the board in medical practices in Germany. The aim of this study was to survey the acceptance of AI-supported tools for medical history-taking among the German population, thereby allowing conclusions to be drawn about the use of these tools and their suitability as part of digitalization strategies in medical practices. Method The study is based on an online survey among the German population (fieldwork November 18 to 24, 2024, n = 1,000). Based on the ‘Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology’ (UTAUT), three central hypotheses on the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in the medical history-taking process were generated and tested using linear regression models. Results In the two scenarios examined — patients using a chatbot at home and at the doctor’s office — there was a high level of acceptance for the use of AI-supported systems. The expected relationships between Performance Expectancy, Effort Expectancy and expected Social Influence with the behavioral intention to use a chatbot either in the doctor’s office or before visiting the doctor’s office have been confirmed. However, influential factors such as age, gender, or experience with technology do not show the expected correlations. Discussion and conclusion Practicability is crucial for a favorable attitude towards AI applications. There were no apparent gender differences. When implementing chatbots in the medical history-taking process, the aspects of practicability, data protection, and data security should play a key role. Given that a large number of the elderly in Germany still have limited experience with digital technologies, usability is highly relevant for both this population group and for people with disabilities. T2 - Acceptance of artificial intelligence tools for medical history-taking: Findings of a population survey in Germany KW - Künstliche Intelligenz KW - Anamnese KW - Technologieakzeptanz KW - UTAUT KW - Bevölkerungsumfrage Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-86715 N1 - Corresponding author der OTH Regensburg: Edda Currle VL - 198-199 SP - 9 EP - 17 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weber, Karsten T1 - Public images of artificial intelligence: an overview JF - media-culture-social communication N2 - Artificial intelligence (AI) is not only a ubiquitous topic in scholarly debates but in recent years has also received increased media and political attention. Discussions, initially strongly influenced by autonomous vehicles but currently dominated by expectations concerning generative AI such as ChatGPT, have contributed to public awareness. There are debate cycles, often characterized by a significant decline in public attention after a certain period of time, and the issue to a large extent or completely disappears from mass media’s agenda; also, they are often specific to certain countries. In this paper, a cursory cross-country overview concerning studies on media representations and the public perception of AI is provided. The use of AI in healthcare will be particularly highlighted, as there are currently high expectations regarding the benefits of AI, but other areas of application will also be considered. It will be tentatively concluded that in many countries, public perception of and public attitudes toward AI often is based on superficial knowledge and even prejudices. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.31648/mcsc.10343 IS - 21 SP - 9 EP - 24 PB - Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Warmińsko-Mazurskiego w Olsztynie CY - Olsztyn ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Pfingsten, Andrea A1 - Leinweber, Juliane A1 - Richter, Robert A1 - Vogel, Barbara A1 - Bredehorst, Maren A1 - Mueller-Winkler, Birgit T1 - HVG-Positionspapier für die Therapiewissenschaften KW - Allied Health Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15127354 ET - Version 2.1 / Version 3 (Stand 05.02.2025) ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schmiedt, Anja Bettina A1 - Weiß, Christian T1 - The pair correlation function of multi-dimensional low-discrepancy sequences with small stochastic error terms JF - Journal of Number Theory N2 - In any dimension d ≥ 2, there is no known example of a low-discrepancy sequence which possesses Poisssonian pair correlations. This is in some sense rather surprising, because low-discrepancy sequences always have β-Poissonian pair correlations for all 0 < β < 1 d and are therefore arbitrarily close to having Poissonian pair correlations (which corresponds to the case β = 1 d ). In this paper, we further elaborate on the closeness of the two notions. We show that d-dimensional Kronecker sequences for badly approximable vectors � α with an arbitrary small uniformly distributed stochastic error term generically have β = 1 d -Poissonian pair correlations. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnt.2023.12.011 SN - 0022-314X VL - 259 SP - 422 EP - 437 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bartsch, Alexander A1 - Eigenberger, Andreas A1 - Felthaus, Oliver A1 - Booth, Brian W. A1 - Krenkel, Lars A1 - Schratzenstaller, Thomas A1 - Prantl, Lukas T1 - Quantification of Cannula Influence on Negative Pressure in Syringe Assisted Liposuction JF - Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery N2 - To make the results of the autologous fat transfer more satisfactory, all parameters of suction, preparation, and reapplication must be well understood. Since syringe-assisted liposuction is frequently used for small-volume procedures, we quantified the influence of the cannula on negative pressure. For these experiments, we used a digital manometer to which a syringe and one of seven different cannulas were connected. Data was collected and analyzed using LabVIEW and Matlab. The volume of our measurement setup was calculated using Boyle-Mariotte's law to ease interpretation, which revealed a volume of 2.82 ± 0.03 mL. We demonstrate that the volume of the measurement setup significantly affects the measurement results. Consequently, we accounted for this factor and calculated the theoretical values accordingly. Statistical analysis shows a significant influence on negative pressure across different cannulas, except for two pairs, which had minimal volume differences. Exemplary, for cannulas with volumes under 1.75 mL, a 2 mL syringe plunger pull was sufficient to create a - 0.5 bar (- 14.8 inHg) negative pressure. The present data indicate that the size of the suction cannula must be considered in syringe-assisted suction to ensure a specific negative pressure is not exceeded. Other research groups have demonstrated that adipocyte vitality and the amount of stromal vascular fraction are reduced by excessively strong negative pressure. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1097/PRS.0000000000012477 SN - 0032-1052 PB - American Society of Plastic Surgeons ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Stadlbauer, Jana A1 - Frommeld, Debora A1 - Chow, Rosan A1 - Weber, Karsten ED - Grabbe, Lars C. T1 - Partizipative Designpraktiken für verkörperte Künstliche Intelligenz T2 - Designforschung und KI. Designforschung – Designwissenschaft - Designtheorie N2 - Der Beitrag thematisiert partizipative Designpraktiken für verkörperte Künstliche Intelligenz und untersucht, wie Nutzende stärker in den Gestaltungsprozess eingebunden werden können. Ausgehend von Design-Thinking-Modellen, die Nutzendengruppen aktiv an der Technikgestaltung beteiligen, geht der Gedanke des Beitrags noch weiter und stellt das Konzept des participatory theatre vor – eine explorative Methode, die im Rahmen der Ausstellung ‚Leben mit Robotern‘ an der OTH Regensburg eingesetzt wurde. Besuchende konnten sich als Roboter verkleiden und in Rollenspielen Interaktionen mit Technik simulieren. Diese performative Herangehensweise eröffnete neue Perspektiven auf das Design von Robotern und auf die Wahrnehmung verkörperter KI. Mit einer qualitativen, inhaltsanalytischen Auswertung von knapp 90 Aussagen von Besuchenden wird untersucht, wie Menschen auf das Design von Robotik und KI reagiert haben und inwieweit alltagsrelevante Designprinzipien zur Sprache kommen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen eine mehrheitlich offene bis begeisterte Haltung gegenüber Robotern. Kritik und Zurückhaltung wurde seltener geäußert. Es wird diskutiert, inwieweit zentrale Aspekte wie Design einen Einfluss auf die Wahrnehmung von Robotern haben können. Der Beitrag betont die gesellschaftliche Relevanz ästhetischer Gestaltung und plädiert für interdisziplinäre, explorative Forschungsansätze, um KI-Systeme nutzungsnah und kulturell sensibel zu entwickeln. Y1 - 2025 SN - 9783658497972 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-49798-9_8 SN - 2731-9458 SP - 123 EP - 137 PB - Springer VS CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Weber, Karsten ED - Honekamp, Wilfried ED - Kemme, Stefanie ED - Struck, Jens T1 - Akzeptanz, Regulierung und soziotechnische Anforderungen an KI-Systeme für die automatisierte Strafverfolgung T2 - Auswirkungen von Künstlicher Intelligenz auf die zukünftige Polizeiarbeit N2 - Mit Systemen der Künstlichen Intelligenz (KI) stehen leistungsfähige Werkzeuge zur Verfügung, die viele Handlungsbereiche und insbesondere professionelle Tätigkeiten tiefgreifend verändern könnten. Denn nun deutet sich an, dass nicht nur repetitive Aufgaben bei der Herstellung von Gütern oder in Verwaltungsprozessen mithilfe von Computern automatisiert werden können, sondern auch Tätigkeiten, die erhebliche intellektuelle Fähigkeiten voraussetzen, da sie im Kontext schlecht oder schwierig zu definierender Rahmenbedingungen zu verrichten sind. Dazu gehören ohne Zweifel Aufgaben, die mit der Aufklärung von Verbrechen und der Strafverfolgung verbunden sind. Ob hier KI-Systeme erfolgreich eingesetzt werden können, hängt nicht nur von den technischen Möglichkeiten ab, sondern auch davon, ob die Menschen, die in der Strafverfolgung tätig sind, die Technik akzeptieren und ob die organisatorischen Rahmenbedingungen so gestaltet werden können, dass sie mit dem Einsatz von KI kompatibel sind. Y1 - 2025 SN - 9783658484248 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-48425-5_18 SP - 319 EP - 334 PB - Springer CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weber, Karsten A1 - Haug, Sonja A1 - Raptis, Georgios A1 - Dotter, Caroline T1 - ePA: wenig bekannt und Widerspruchslösung bevorzugt JF - E-Health-Com N2 - Eine bevölkerungsrepräsentative Umfrage der gesamtdeutschen Bevölkerung ergibt: Die ePA ist wenig bekannt. 48 Prozent der Bevölkerung geben an, die ePA nicht zu kennen. Die Personen, die die ePA kennen, möchten diese zum überwiegenden Teil zukünftig nutzen. Bezüglich der automatischen Datenübertragung in die ePA sind die Nutzer:innen zurückhaltend. Y1 - 2024 UR - https://e-health-com.de/fileadmin/user_upload/dateien/ePaper/EHC_5_2024_E-Paper.pdf VL - 24 IS - 5 SP - 14 EP - 17 PB - Health CY - Offenbach ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Weber, Karsten ED - Grimm, Petra ED - Zöllner, Oliver T1 - Künstliche Intelligenz am Ende des Lebens BT - Szenarien des KI-Einsatzes zur Prognose und Gestaltung des Sterbens T2 - Ethik der Digitalisierung in Gesundheitswesen und Pflege: Analysen und ein Tool zur integrierten Forschung Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-515-13552-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.25162/9783515135528 SP - 87 EP - 107 PB - Franz Steiner CY - Stuttgart ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Weber, Karsten ED - Weber, Karsten T1 - Künstliche Intelligenz und Kränkung BT - Der Verlust menschlicher Besonderheit N2 - Künstliche Intelligenz bringt psychosoziale Herausforderungen mit sich, insbesondere den Verlust der vermeintlichen menschlichen Einzigartigkeit, was unser Selbstbild als autonome Wesen infrage stellt. Karsten Weber beschreibt die Kränkung, die durch die Entwicklung und den Einsatz von KI verursacht wird. Das Denken über und Arbeiten mit KI ist eingebettet in Prozesse des Verfügbarmachens immer größerer Teile der Welt durch Technik, aber auch der gleichzeitigen und wiederholten Erfahrung einer Nicht-Besonderheit des Menschen. Exemplarisch erörtert der Autor Übergänge und Verluste – und setzt sie in den Kontext anderer globaler Herausforderungen, denen die Menschheit aktuell und in absehbarer Zukunft gegenübersteht. Er zeigt auf, wie Entwicklung und Einsatz von KI dazu beitragen, dass das insbesondere ›westliche‹ Selbstverständnis des Menschen auf individueller wie gesellschaftlicher Ebene unter Druck gerät. Wie kann ein konstruktiver Umgang mit KI aussehen? Wie können wir mit den Herausforderungen, die KI an uns stellt, gut umgehen? Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-8379-3393-2 U6 - https://doi.org/10.30820/9783837963465 PB - Psychosozial-Verlag CY - Gießen ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weber, Karsten T1 - The Right to make fatal decisions JF - The American Journal of Bioethics Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/15265161.2024.2361903 SN - 1526-5161 VL - 24 IS - 8 SP - 127 EP - 128 PB - Taylor & Francis ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schmiedt, Anja Bettina A1 - Cramer, Erhard T1 - Generalized Ng–Kundu–Chan model of adaptive progressive Type‐II censoring and related inference JF - Naval Research Logistics (NRL) N2 - The model of adaptive progressive Type‐II censoring introduced by Ng et al. (2009) (referred to as Ng–Kundu–Chan model) is extended to allow switching from a given initial censoring plan to any arbitrary given plan of the same length. In this generalized model, the joint distribution of the failure times and the corresponding likelihood function is derived. It is illustrated that the computation of maximum likelihood and Bayesian estimates are along the same lines as for standard progressive Type‐II censoring. However, the distributional properties of the estimators will usually be different since the censoring plan actually applied in the (generalized) Ng–Kundu–Chan model is random. As already mentioned in Cramer and Iliopoulos (2010), we directly show that the normalized spacings are independent and identically exponentially distributed. However, it turns out that the spacings themselves are generally dependent with mixtures of exponential distributions as marginals. These results are used to study linear estimators. Finally, we propose an algorithm for generating random numbers in the generalized Ng–Kundu–Chan model and present some simulation results. The results obtained also provide new findings in the original Ng–Kundu–Chan model; the corresponding implications are highlighted. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/nav.22152 SN - 0894-069X VL - 71 IS - 3 SP - 389 EP - 415 PB - Wiley ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmiedt, Anja Bettina A1 - Neumaier, Stefanie T1 - "Gamification trifft Hybride Lehre" : über ein Lehrprojekt in der mathematischen Statistik T2 - Tagungsband zum 5. Symposium zur Hochschullehre in den MINT-Fächern, Nuremberg (Germany), 21.-22.09.2023 N2 - Unter dem Titel „Gamification trifft Hybride Lehre“ wurde im Sommersemester 2023 ein Lehrprojekt im Fach Statistik des Studiengangs Wirtschaftsmathematik-Aktuarwissenschaften der Technischen Hochschule Rosenheim durchgeführt. Unterschiedliche hybrid-synchrone Lernsettings wurden in einem technisch entsprechend ausgestatteten Lehr-Experimentierraum mit den Studierenden erprobt. Als Ansatz zur Vor- und Nachbereitung der hybriden Lehre kam Gamification bzw. Gameful Motivation zum Einsatz. Im Lehrprojektteam mit Stefanie Neumaier wurde die hybride Lehre mittels der sog. EMPAMOS-Methode vorbereitet und reflektiert. Dabei ging es nicht darum, den spielfremden Kontext (die hybride Lehre) in ein Spiel zu verwandeln, sondern Spielelemente zur Zielerreichung einzusetzen. Die Auseinandersetzung mit hybriden Formaten wird dabei für Studierende und Lehrende als ein Zukunftsthema gesehen, nicht zuletzt für den Erwerb von Future Skills in einer Arbeitswelt, in der sich hybride Kollaboration etabliert. Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:573-44356 SP - 159 EP - 166 PB - BayZiel CY - München ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schmiedt, Anja Bettina A1 - Neumaier, Stefanie ED - Zinger, Benjamin ED - Wester, Ann Marie ED - Bröker, Thomas T1 - Über die strukturierte Entwicklung digitaler Lehr- und Lernformate mit EMPAMOS – Erkenntnisse aus einem Lehrprojekt JF - Hochschulbildung und Spiel : Lernen motivierend gestalten N2 - Der vorliegende Beitrag diskutiert ausgewählte Schlaglichter eines hybriden Lehr- und Lernprojektes, welches mithilfe von EMPAMOS als Analyse-, Gestaltungs- und Reflexionsinstrument entwickelt und begleitet wurde. Das Lehrprojekt verfolgte das Ziel, hybride und digitale Lehre in einem Kurs zur mathematischen Statistik durch Gamification motivational ansprechend zu gestalten. Hierfür wurde das hybride Lehr- und Lernlabor als ein veränderliches Spielfeld verstanden, mit welchem es umzugehen galt, um stets handlungsfähig zu bleiben und Studierende adäquat auf das Bestehen des Leistungsnachweises vorzubereiten. Dabei konnte die kooperative Spielform als ein zentrales Spielelement identifiziert werden, mit dem sich dieser Auftrag umsetzen ließ. Bei den Studierenden hatte jedoch das immanente motivationale Bedürfnis nach Kompetenzerleben die höchste Priorität. Y1 - 2025 UR - https://www.transcript-verlag.de/978-3-8376-7374-6/ SN - 978-3-8394-7374-0 SP - 121 EP - 136 PB - transcriptVerlag CY - Bielefeld ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schmiedt, Anja Bettina A1 - Sussmann, Monika A1 - Klemcke, Joy ED - Zinger, Benjamin ED - Wester, Ann Marie ED - Bröker, Thomas T1 - Generative Künstliche Intelligenz und Mathematik in der Hochschullehre : ein Rendezvous zwischen Euphorie und Skepsis T2 - Hochschulbildung und Spiel : Lernen motivierend gestalten Y1 - 2025 UR - https://www.transcript-verlag.de/978-3-8376-7374-6/ SN - 978-3-8394-7374-0 SP - 269 EP - 284 PB - transcriptVerlag CY - Bielefeld ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kurapkat, Dietmar A1 - Piesker, Katja ED - Kurapkat, Dietmar ED - Piesker, Katja T1 - Wie forschen? Chancen und Grenzen der Bauforschung an Gebäuden nach 1950 BT - Bericht der Koldewey-Gesellschaft 50, Tagung vom 9. Bis 13. Mai 2018 in Braunschweig KW - Tagung der Koldewey-Gesellschaft KW - Historische Bauforschung Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-3959085137 PB - Thelem CY - Dresden ER - TY - GEN A1 - Esterlich, Jessica A1 - Kilchert, Hannah A1 - Rohmert, Nele A1 - Schöngart, Nathalie A1 - Weighart, Sonja A1 - Mertens, Johannis A1 - Pfingsten, Andrea T1 - Ist-Analyse der Dokumentation in physiotherapeutischen Praxen T2 - physioscience N2 - Einleitung: Mit der geplanten Einführung des elektronischen Rezepts für physiotherapeutische Heilmittelverordnungen ab 2027 wird die Digitalisierung im Gesundheitswesen weiter forciert. Digitale Dokumentationssysteme gelten als zentrale Voraussetzung für eine reibungslose Anbindung an die Telematikinfrastruktur. Ziel der Studie war es, zu untersuchen, wie Physiotherapeut*innen in ambulanten Physiotherapiepraxen die Effizienz, Akzeptanz und Verständlichkeit digitaler, analoger und hybrider Dokumentationssysteme sowie die erfassten Inhalte unter den gegebenen Rahmenbedingungen bewerten. Material und Methodik: Ein standardisierter Fragebogen wurde über SoSciSurvey entwickelt und zwei Wochen lang deutschlandweit verteilt. Die Fragen basierten auf Literatur und wurden mithilfe von Fünf-Punkte-Likert-Skalen beantwortet; Freitextangaben wurden inhaltsanalytisch ausgewertet. Die Analyse erfolgte deskriptiv und inferenzstatistisch mit SPSS. Für Effizienz, Akzeptanz und Verständlichkeit wurden Mediane und Interquartilsabstände berechnet. Gruppenunterschiede nach Nutzungsform wurden mittels Kruskal-Wallis-Test mit Bonferroni-korrigierten Post-hoc-Tests geprüft. Zusammenhänge wurden mithilfe von Spearman-Korrelationen untersucht. Zusätzlich wurde die Effektstärke berechnet. Ergebnisse: 173 Physiotherapeut*innen nahmen teil (Alter: M = 32,6 Jahre,SD = 11,1). 50,3 % nutzen digitale, 30,6 % analoge und 19,1 % hybride Systeme. 38,2 % gaben an, keine offizielle Dokumentationszeit zu erhalten. Digitale Systeme wurden signifikant besser bewertet als analoge, insbesondere hinsichtlich Effizienz (p < .001, r = .406), Akzeptanz (p < .001, r = .309) und Gesamtzufriedenheit (p < .001, r = .369); Unterschiede in der Verständlichkeit waren schwächer (p = .038, r = .189). Zwischen Effizienz und Gesamtzufriedenheit bestand ein sehr starker signifikanter Zusammenhang (ρ = .856, p < .001), ebenso zwischen Akzeptanz und Gesamtzufriedenheit (ρ = .729, p < .001) sowie zwischen Verständlichkeit und Gesamtzufriedenheit (ρ = .631, p < .001). Ein hoher Standardisierungsgrad korrelierte negativ mit allen Konstrukten (z. B. ρ = –.384, p < .001 für Effizienz). Mehr verfügbare Dokumentationszeit war positiv der Effizienz, Verständlichkeit und Gesamtzufriedenheit assoziiert (z. B. ρ = .226, p = .003 für Gesamtzufriedenheit). Mit wachsender Berufserfahrung wurden psychosoziale und kontextbezogene Inhalte häufiger dokumentiert (z. B. Kommunikation: ρ = .270, p < .001). Zusammenfassung: Die Ergebnisse verdeutlichen die Bereitschaft zur digitalen Dokumentation, weisen jedoch auf strukturelle Herausforderungen hin. Für eine erfolgreiche Digitalisierung sind benutzerfreundliche Systeme und praxistaugliche Rahmenbedingungen entscheidend. Digitale Systeme wurden in allen Kategorien signifikant besser bewertet als analoge. Interessenskonflikt: Es besteht kein Interessenkonflikt. KW - Physiotherapie KW - Forschungssymposium KW - FSPT Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0045-1811301 SN - 1860-3092 VL - 21 IS - S 02 SP - S11 EP - S12 PB - Thieme ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bauer, S A1 - Branz, Clara A1 - Liepold, Franziska A1 - Schuster, A-L A1 - Schulze, Elke A1 - Pfingsten, Andrea T1 - Single-Task vs. Dual-Task: Altersunterschiede in Gleichgewicht und Kognition T2 - physioscience N2 - Einleitung: In vielen Alltagssituationen werden motorische und kognitive Aufgaben als Dual-Task (DT) bewältigt. Studien zeigen im DT Leistungseinbußen gegenüber dem Single-Task (ST). Vor diesem Hintergrund stellt sich die Frage, welche Rolle das Lebensalter spielt. Diese Studie untersuchte Unterschiede von Gleichgewicht und kognitiver Leistung zwischen ST und DT sowie Veränderungen im Alter. Material und Methodik: An der experimentellen Querschnittsstudie nahmen 32 gesunde Erwachsene (je 16 im Alter von 18–30 und 55–67 Jahren) teil. Konditionen und Pathologien, die das Gleichgewicht maßgeblich beeinträchtigen, galten als Ausschlusskriterien. Es wurden drei Testungen mit einer Dauer von jeweils 30 Sekunden mit je zwei Minuten Pause durchgeführt. Die ST-Aufgaben bestanden aus standardisiertem Einbeinstand (offene Augen) sowie Serial-Seven-Rechnungen. Die dritte Testung kombinierte beide Aufträge zu einer DT-Aufgabe. Als Outcome des kognitiven Tasks diente die Anzahl korrekt gelöster Rechenaufgaben. Das Moticon-OpenGo-Sensorsohlen-System erfasste während der motorischen Aufgabe das Gleichgewicht mittels Centre-of-Pressure-Pfadlänge (PL) und -Schwankgeschwindigkeit (SV). Die Prüfung der Normalverteilungsannahme der Daten erfolgte mittels Shapiro-Wilk-Test. In Abhängigkeit der Verteilung wurden Effektstärken und deren Signifikanz mit Hilfe des t-Tests – bei Nichterfüllung der Normalverteilung – des Mann-Whitney-U- oder Wilcoxon-Tests berechnet. Ergebnisse: Eine Analyse der Gesamtstichprobe ergab keinen signifikanten Unterschied bei kleiner Effektstärke zwischen ST und DT in PL (3,44 ± 1,06m zu 3,55 ± 0,94m; p = 0,161; d = 0,25) und SV (119,37 ± 33,96m/s zu 122,54 ± 36,12m/s; p = 0,117; r = 0,277). Die Veränderungen (DT minus ST) von jüngeren und älteren Erwachsenen zeigten in PL (0,07 ± 0,35m zu 0,16 ± 0,53m; p = 0,836; r = 0,037) und SV (2,34 ± 11,49m/s zu 4,01 ± 30,54m/s; p = 0,865; r = 0,030) keine signifikanten Abweichungen. Es ergaben sich weder in der Gesamtstichprobe noch altersgruppenspezifisch signifikante Unterschiede in der kognitiven Rechenleistung. Zusammenfassung: Klinisch betrachtet stellte die Kombination aus Einbeinstand und der kognitiven Aufgabenschwierigkeit in der vorliegenden Studie – analog zu den Ergebnissen vergleichbarer Studien – eine mäßige Anforderung dar, die bei gesunden Erwachsenen unterschiedlichen Alters keine signifikante kognitiv-motorische Interferenz hervorrief. Interessenskonflikt: Es besteht kein Interessenkonflikt. KW - Physiotherapie KW - Forschungssymposium Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0045-1811309 SN - 1860-3092 VL - 21 IS - S 02 SP - S15 PB - Thieme ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hammer, Pascal A1 - Mottok, Jürgen T1 - Prototyping for high-performance random number generators for critical systems T2 - 2025 International Conference on Applied Electronics (AE), 08-09. September 2025, Pilsen Czech Republic N2 - The security of modern cryptographic applications depends on the quality of their random number generators (RNGs). While physical true random number generators (PTRNGs) provide high-quality randomness, their performance is often insufficient for high-throughput applications. On the other hand, deterministic random number generators (DRNGs) offer better speed but lack true randomness. This paper presents an approach to developing a high-performance PTRNG. The research focuses on optimizing the digitization of analog noise signals. For this purpose, an ADC was selected that can digitize analog signals at a high clock rate. The functionality of the ADC could be verified by digitizing reference signals. Preliminary results by digitizing the analog noise signal demonstrates the feasibility of the proposed approach, but highlight challenges in achieving good results for Min-Entropy. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/AE66163.2025.11197780 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Baumann, Timo A1 - Pohl, Martin A1 - Selgrad, Kai ED - Schäfle, Claudia ED - Dölling, Hanna T1 - Einführung und erste Evaluation des Selbstlernkonzepts CodeClinic an der OTH Regensburg T2 - Tagungsband MINT Symposium 2025. Zukunft MINT Lehre: Was bleibt? Was kommt? Was wirkt? N2 - Mit der CodeClinic wollen wir das Programmieren-Lernen – eine der großen Einstiegshürden in Informatik- und informatiknahen Studiengängen – in einen Prozess überführen, der das gemeinschaftliche Lernen in der Hochschullehre stärker als bisher in den Vordergrund rückt. Davon profitieren Studierende in ihrer fachlichen und persönlichen Entwicklung, und das Lernumfeld spiegelt die tatsächliche Realität der beruflichen Praxis besser wider. Wir unterstützen dieses Konzept durch einen für selbstgesteuertes und gemeinschaftliches Lernen ausgelegten SCALE-UP-Raum, den wir an der OTH Regensburg eingerichtet haben. In unserem Beitrag erläutern wir Konzept und Raum und liefern eine erste Evaluation zum Erfolg unserer Maßnahmen. KW - Hochschuldidaktik KW - Programmierung KW - Studieneingangsphase KW - SCALE-UP KW - Lernen durch Lehren (LdL) KW - BayernMINT Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-86138 SN - 1612-4537 PB - BayZiel – Bayerisches Zentrum für Innovative Lehre CY - München ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zrenner, Louis ED - Zrenner, Louis T1 - Zeitweise, fließfähige Verfüllbaustoffe als Bettungsmaterial BT - Workflow zur Rezepturerstellung und Steuerung der Eigenschaften von Flüssigboden N2 - Der Ausbau des deutschen Höchstspannungsnetzes im Zuge der Energiewende erfordert zunehmend die Verlegung leistungsfähiger Erdkabelsysteme als Alternative zu Freileitungen. Großprojekte wieder SüdLink oder SüdOstLink in Deutschland stellen dabei zentrale Infrastrukturvorhaben dar, die zukünftig große Strommengen aus norddeutschen Windparks in süddeutsche Verbrauchszentren transportieren sollen. Nach Angaben der TransnetBW sollen allein für den Südlink bis zum Projektende rund 2400 Kilometer Erdkabel verlegt werden. Die Dimensionen dieser Mega-Projekte stellen die Geotechnik vor neue Herausforderungen und erfordern zur Sicherstellung der Betriebssicherheit eine Erweiterung der bisherigen Kompetenzfelder um das Verständnis des Wärmetransports im Boden. Besonders bei engen Trassenkorridoren mit geringem Kabelabstand, dem Kreuzen von wärmeemittierenden Bestandsleitungen oder Abschnitten mit großer Überdeckungshöhe werden hohe Anforderungen an die Wärmeleitfähigkeit der Bettung gestellt. Hierbei kommen vermehrt zeitweise fließfähige, selbstverdichtende Verfüllbaustoffe zum Einsatz, welche eine homogene und setzungsfreie Verfüllung, sowie hohe Reproduzierbarkeit der thermischen Eigenschaften bieten. Allerdings finden sich derzeit in geotechnische Normenwerken wie dem EC 7 lediglich in Verbindung mit Geothermie quantitativen Angaben zum Wärmetransport. Dies sorgt seitens der ausführenden Firmen für Unsicherheit hinsichtlich der geeigneten Maßnahmen zur Einhaltung der Schwellenwerte, welche von elektrotechnischen Sachverständigen im Zuge der Trassen- und Kabelplanung an die Wärmeleitfähigkeit der Kabelbettung gestellt werden. In dieser Arbeit soll beleuchtet werden, welche Schritte nötig sind, um vom Ausgangsmaterial zur hochwärmeleitenden Bettung als Systemkomponente einer kritischen Infrastruktur zu kommen. Zudem soll ein Workflow aufgezeigt werden, mit dem teils negativen Erfahrungen aus der Vergangenheit mit zu festem, nicht-wiederaushubfähigem Flüssigboden vermieden werden können. KW - Flüssigboden KW - CLSM KW - Thermische Bettung Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-86385 CY - Regensburg ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ried, Michael A1 - Zrenner, Louis T1 - Feldversuch zu den Auswirkungen von In-Situ Langzeitbelastungen von KMR in ZFSV und Sandbettung BT - Anhand der Forschungsmessstrecke „Bypassleitung“ im Europaviertel in Frankfurt am Main N2 - Bei der Bypassleitung im Europaviertel Frankfurt handelt es sich um eine seit 2015 betriebene Forschungsmesstrecke zur messtechnischen Erfassung von Rohr-Boden-Interaktionen. Es wurden zwei identische Leitungen verlegt, welche jeweils einmal konventionell in Sand und einmal in ZFSV (zeitweise, fließfähiger, selbstverdichtender Verfüllbaustoff) gebettet wurden. Durch den Bypass betrieb unterlagen beide Leitungen identische, reguläre Betriebsbedingungen und konnten so miteinander realitätsnah miteinander verglichen werden. Vor Rückbau der Anlage wurden zusätzliche Temperaturzyklen mit erhöhten Vorlauftemperaturen bis 140°C gefahren. Anschließend wurden im Zuge des Rückbaus Gruben erstellt, in denen mithilfe einer Pressenhydraulik einzelne Rohrsegmente axial durch den Boden verschoben wurden. Somit konnten die mechanischen Boden-Rohr-Interaktionen gemessen und quantifiziert werden. KW - ZFSV (Zeitweise fließfähiger selbstverdichtender Verfüllbaustoff) KW - Fernwärme (district heating) KW - Frankfurt KW - Kontaktmechanik Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-85485 CY - Regensburg ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zrenner, Louis T1 - Modellierung des gekoppelten Wärme- und Wassertransports um Stromleiter in ZFSV-Bettung BT - Berechnung der thermo-hydraulischen Wechselwirkungen in Plaxis 2D anhand der Messergebnisse des DC CTL DBI Projekts N2 - Etwa 99% der Höchstspannungsübertragung findet in Deutschland über Freileitungen statt. Durch die dezentrale Energiegewinnung, welche aus dem Fokus auf regenerative Stromerzeugung resultiert, ist ein Ausbau des Übertragungsnetzes alternativlos – auch mit Hinblick auf den steigenden Strombedarf in den kommenden Jahrzehnten. Der Ausbau ist bereits beschlossene Sache, schreitet aber schleppend oder gar zu langsam voran. Die Gründe hierfür sind jedoch nicht Verzögerungen der Bauausführung, sondern vor allem Bürgerinitiativen gegen „Monstertrassen“, welche zu jahrelangen Planungs- und Genehmigungsphasen führen. Die Bürgerbewegungen gegen den Netzausbau sind meist mit auf dem Einfluss auf das Landschaftsbild, der Strahlungsbelastung oder Lärmbelästigung begründet. Erdkabel würden hinsichtlich dieser Probleme (trotz kurzfristiger Mehrbelastung während der Bauphase) eine Alternative darstellen, führen jedoch zu Blindleistungs-Problematiken und sehr breiten Kabelgräben. Diese Negativpunkte könnten durch eine Verwendung eines erdverlegten, gasisolierten Gleichstromübertragungssystems umschifft werden. An der TU Darmstadt wurde im Rahmen des Forschungsprojekts „DC-CTL DBI“ eine gasisolierte HGÜ-Leitung (GIL) einem Langzeitversuch unterzogen. Hierbei wurde die GIL teilweise erdverlegt um die Einflüsse der Abwärme auf einen ZFSV als Verfüllmaterial zu untersuchen. Auch wenn der ZFSV hinsichtlich seiner Beschaffenheit hervorragende Eigenschaften zur Verwendung als thermische Bettung mitbringt, so gibt es kaum Studien, welche eine langfristige Prognose der thermischen Stabilität erlauben. Als Folge gibt es auch kaum Berechnungsrichtlinien, welche eine realistische Bemessung und somit ein effizientes Betreiben der Trasse ermöglichen. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wurde versucht, eine FE-Berechnung mit Plaxis2D durchzuführen. Die Ergebnisse der Modellierung wurden hierbei stets durch die im Feldversuch verbaute Sensorik verifiziert. Häufig musste aufgrund mangelnder Kenntnis der Material- oder Einflussparameter auf Annahmen zurückgegriffen werden. Umso beeindruckender waren jedoch am Ende die Ergebnisse der Berechnung, welche häufig nur um wenige Grad von den Messwerten der Sensorik abwichen. Das zeigt, dass mit einer Kombination von labortechnischen Untersuchungen zur Ermittlung der Bodenparameter und einer FE-Modellierung die Dimensionierung und Bemessung einer solchen erdverlegten Trasse möglich ist. In dieser Arbeit wurden lediglich die thermischen und hydraulischen Entwicklungen und Einflüsse des Bodens berücksichtigt. Es ist aber durchaus möglich, Verformungen und Kräfte in die Berechnung zu integrieren und so ein ganzheitliches Berechnungsmodell zu erstellen. Hierbei steigen jedoch die Anforderungen an die Rechenleistung überproportional mit der Feinheit des Modells an Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-85547 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Thieme, Dorothea A1 - Linnemann, Birgit A1 - Mühlberg, Katja Sibylle A1 - Noppeney, Thomas A1 - Kreutz, Maria A1 - Thieme, Marcus T1 - Compression Therapy in Acute Deep Venous Thrombosis of the Lower Limb and for the Prevention of Post-Thrombotic Syndrome BT - A Review Based on a Structured Literature Search JF - Deutsches Ärzteblatt International N2 - Background: After an acute deep venous thrombosis (DVT) of the lower limb, 20% to 63% of patients develop post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS). In this review, we address the efficacy of compression therapy in the treatment of acute DVT of the lower limb, and for the prevention of PTS. Methods: 12 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and one meta-analysis, with a total of 3751 patients, were identified in a structured literature search. Results: Two RCTs showed that adding compression therapy to drug treatment in the first 9 days of the acute phase of lower limb DVT led to more rapid pain relief (p<0.050) and less swelling (remaining difference in circumference, 1 cm versus 3 cm, p<0.050). As for the prevention of PTS, four RCTs showed a short-term benefit or no benefit of compression therapy. In three further RCTs, medical compression stockings (MCS) brought about a 16% to 27% absolute reduction of the frequency and severity of PTS (47% vs. 20 %, p<0.001; 40% vs. 21% (95% confidence intervals [29.9; 50.1] and [12.7; 29.5], respectively; and 58% vs. 42%, relative risk [RR] 0.73 [0,55; 0.96]). The benefit of MCS was also confirmed in a recent meta-analysis (RR 0.66 [0.44; 0.99], I2 = 88%). Thigh-length MCS were not superior to knee-length MCS for the prevention of PTS (33% vs. 36%, hazard ratio [HR] 0.93 [0.62; 1.41]). Individual, symptomoriented tailoring of the duration of treatment was not inferior to a fixed treatment duration of 24 months (29% vs. 28%; odds ratio [OR] 1.06 [0.78;1.44]). Conclusion: Compression therapy relieves symptoms in acute DVT and lessens the frequency and severity of PTS. It is therefore recommended as standard treatment. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3238/arztebl.m2024.0001 VL - 121 IS - 6 SP - 188 EP - 194 CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Barthel, Mareike A1 - Süß, Franz A1 - Dendorfer, Sebastian T1 - Application of a transformer encoder for the prediction of intra-abdominal pressure JF - Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering N2 - Intra-abdominal pressure is a significant physiological parameter influencing spinal stability and pelvic floor health. This study investigates the potential of a transformer encoder model to predict IAP using motion capture data and musculoskeletal modeling. Data from 211 subjects performing walking, fast walking, and running were used to train a transformer encoder. The model showed promising results with an overall Mean Absolute Percentage Error of 13.5% and a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.85. Predictions for fast walking and running proved to be more challenging compared to walking, which was attributed to the greater variability and complexity of faster movements. KW - Intra-abdominal pressure KW - transformer encoder KW - machine learning KW - motion capture KW - musculoskeletal modeling Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-86324 N1 - Corresponding author der OTH Regensburg: Mareike Barthel PB - Taylor & Francis ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Marterer, Verena A1 - Muhr, Franz-Xaver A1 - Soukup, Radek A1 - Hipp, Susanne A1 - Blecha, Tomáš T1 - Material characterization using waveguide measurement technique for the development of textile antennas T2 - 2025 19th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP); 30. March - 04. April 2025, Stockholm, Sweden N2 - Significant advances in using conductive textiles have been made over the past two decades, particularly in knitted fabrics. The aim is to deepen understanding of how knitted structures, especially those with hybrid yarns containing fine conductive elements (microwires), interact with electromagnetic fields. To establish simulation models that align with subsequent measurements, it is crucial to determine the dielectric properties, specifically relative permittivity and loss tangent/conductivity. This research investigates whether knitted structures with hybrid yarns exhibit anisotropic permittivity, meaning different dielectric properties along orthogonal axes within the fabric plane. These properties were measured using a waveguide technique, whereby the structures were rotated by 90° to observe changes. The results demonstrate that the knitted structure exhibits metallic-like reflective behavior in one direction, while rotation leads to dielectric material characteristics. This effect is influenced by the number of conductive microwires and the materials used for these wires, such as silver-plated copper or bronze. KW - textile antennas KW - electromagnetic interaction KW - hybrid yarns KW - knitted structure KW - conductive textiles Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-88-31299-10-7 U6 - https://doi.org/10.23919/EuCAP63536.2025.10999278 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Marterer, Verena A1 - Soukup, Radek A1 - Hipp, Susanne A1 - Blecha, Tomáš T1 - Effective material approach for simulating knitted bowtie antennas T2 - 2025 6th International Conference in Electronic Engineering & Information Technology (EEITE); 4-6 June 2025, Chania Greece N2 - Textile antennas offer a promising solution for the integration of communication and sensor functions into wearable systems. Their flexibility, lightweight and seamless compatibility with garments make them ideal for wearable technology and medical monitoring applications. This paper investigates the characterization and simulation of a bowtie antenna made from knitted textile structures with hybrid yarns. These yarns, which consist of metallic microwires combined with textile threads, exhibit unique electromagnetic properties. The aim is to create a comprehensive simulation model using the effective material approach to reduce computational complexity while maintaining accuracy. Compared to a full three-dimensional simulation of the knitted structure, the effective material approach significantly reduces computational time and effort. Practical measurements were carried out in the frequency range from 3.3 GHz to 4.9 GHz to determine the dielectric properties of the materials. KW - Textile antennas KW - Electromagnetic simulation KW - Effective material KW - Waveguide measurement Y1 - 2025 SN - 979-8-3315-4419-5 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/EEITE65381.2025.11165995 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Richter, Stefanie ED - Middendorf, Tim ED - Parchow, Alexander T1 - (Er)Leben älterer Menschen in Alten-, Pflegeheimen und Wohnstiften : Zukunftsunsicherheit, Übergänge und Lebensalltag T2 - Ältere Menschen in prekären Lebenslagen : Theorien, Handlungsfelder und Fragestellungen für die Soziale Arbeit Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-7799-9123-6 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3262/978-3-7799-9123-6 SP - 467 EP - 481 PB - Beltz Juventa CY - Weinheim ER - TY - GEN A1 - Weber, Karsten T1 - Künstliche Intelligenz in der Verwaltung: Chancen und Risiken Y1 - 2025 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Esper, Lukas A1 - Schultheiss, Ulrich A1 - Grad, Marius A1 - Noster, Ulf A1 - Bund, Andreas T1 - Application of the Hull Cell for Identifying Electropolishing Parameters to Adjust Surface Morphology in Additive Manufacturing JF - ECS Advances N2 - Additively processed materials are increasingly used to manufacture customized parts, e.g. medical implants. Implant surfaces often require a smooth finish, which can be achieved by post-processing and well-defined process parameters. In this study, the effects of electropolishing of metal parts produced by laser powder bed fusion are investigated using Hull cell experiments and a three-electrode setup. Current density voltage curves were measured with the three-electrode setup to identify the regimes for electropolishing. Subsequently different constant-currents were applied and Hull cell experiments were conducted. The surface roughness (Sz, Sa) and the mass removal were analysed. Surface morphologies were assessed using laser scanning and scanning electron microscopy. A reduction of the initial surface roughness of more than 90% to Sa < 0.3 μm has been achieved. Considering the passed electrical charge during electropolishing, results from Hull cell experiments are systematically correlated with current-controlled electropolishing. This approach enables the precise tailoring of polishing parameters to achieve surfaces with defined roughness. Furthermore, the study demonstrates the suitability of Hull cells in determining electropolishing parameters for additive materials and highlights their contribution to post-processing in additive manufacturing. Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-86295 SN - 2754-2734 N1 - Corresponding author der OTH Regensburg: Lukas Esper VL - 4 IS - 4 PB - The Electrochemical Society ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Rasp, Franziska A1 - Sahinbas, Burak A1 - Reisinger, Thomas A1 - Leitgeb, Erich A1 - Hipp, Susanne T1 - Polarization-based peak distortion mitigation for 5G sidelink positioning T2 - 2025 International Conference on Software, Telecommunications and Computer Networks (SoftCOM), 18-20 September 2025, Split, Coratia N2 - For cooperative driving both environmental perception and communication with other vehicles and the infrastructure are essential to avoid safety critical situations. The 5G Sidelink, as part of the Cellular Vehicle to Everything framework, enables both communication and, since 3GPP Release 18, positioning for distance estimation between vehicles. Due to the expected bandwidth limitations of 5G Sidelink in the Intelligent Transportation System band, combined with signal distortion caused by multi-path superposition, achieving submeter positioning accuracy is a significant challenge. Polarization diversity is investigated as a potential approach to mitigate errors resulting from signal distortion and subsequent peak shifts due to multi-path superposition. This work investigates the potential for reduced peak shift errors through the use of dual-polarized receive antennas. The received signals are processed using a polarization scan algorithm and compared to the accuracy achieved with single-antenna systems. The analysis is conducted using the Quasi Deterministic Radio Channel Generator framework with statistical Vehicle-to-Everything channel models. Simulation results show that polarization scan-based postprocessing reduces peak shifts and improves robustness in scenarios with polarization-mismatched antenna configurations. KW - Polarization Diversity KW - Antennas KW - Propagation KW - Positioning KW - 5G Sidelink Y1 - 2025 UR - https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/11197466 SN - 978-953-290-143-6 SN - 1847-358X PB - IEEE CY - Split ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Greiner, Nina A1 - Lauer, Norina A1 - Schedel, Valentin A1 - Pfingsten, Andrea T1 - Group rehabilitation for adults with acquired neurological disorders: A systematic review of mono- and interdisciplinary interventions in physical and speech-language therapy JF - PM&R N2 - Background: Group treatments and interdisciplinary collaboration are recommended in evidence-based guidelines for neurorehabilitation, including physical and speech-language therapy. Evidence suggests that activating overlapping neural networks for upper extremity motor control and speechlanguage processing produces synergistic effects during therapy. This systematic review aims to overview and appraise the efficacy of group treatments in traditional rehabilitation and telerehabilitation. In addition to summarizing evidence on monodisciplinary approaches in physical and speech-language therapy, it seeks data on integrative approaches involving one or both disciplines to inform further interdisciplinary collaboration. Methods: The review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42021288012) and followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Systematic searches were conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library. Two reviewers independently screened studies, extracted data, and assessed quality using AMSTAR 2, the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale, or the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Checklist, as appropriate. The evidence was summarized in a systematic narrative synthesis and its certainty rated based on the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. Results: A total of 29 studies were included: 16 on speech-language therapy (861 participants) and 13 on physical therapy (1757 participants). No studies addressed interdisciplinary group interventions, and only two evaluated group telerehabilitation. Outcome domains and measures varied across studies and the certainty of evidence was predominantly low. However, moderate-certainty evidence supports that group speech-language therapy improves quality of life, communication, and language in stroke survivors, especially when interventions emphasize verbal production in communicative settings with multimodal materials and cueing. In physical therapy, circuit class training may be more effective than other group approaches for enhancing quality of life and mobility. Conclusion: Group treatments in neurorehabilitation show some benefits, but further research is needed – especially regarding interdisciplinary approaches and telerehabilitation. KW - Gruppentherapie KW - Logopädie KW - Physiotherapie KW - Neurologie KW - systematic review KW - group treatment KW - interdisciplinary collaboration KW - speech-language therapy KW - physical therapy Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-86210 N1 - Corresponding author der OTH Regensburg: Nina Greiner PB - Wiley ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pfingsten, Andrea A1 - Bredehorst, Maren A1 - Müller-Winkler, Birgit A1 - Vogel, Barbara T1 - Physiotherapy as an Allied Health Profession – joint advocacy for the therapy sciences : development of an interdisciplinary position statement to highlight the research needs of the profession in Germany N2 - Develop an interdisciplinary position statement to establish common ground amongst the research community of AHPs in Germany to aid the academic discourse on research needs. KW - Physiotherapie KW - Wissenschaft KW - Forschung KW - Allied Health Profession Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.82161/8c3r-sq40 ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Pfingsten, Andrea A1 - Bredehorst, Maren A1 - Leinweber, Juliane A1 - Richter, Robert A1 - Vogel, Barbara T1 - HVG-Positionspapier für die Therapiewissenschaften : Fachkommission Forschung im Hochschulverbunde Gesundheitsfachberufe (HVG) N2 - Zeitgemäße Therapie ist effektiv, effizient, patient*innen‐ und teilhabeorientiert. Ergotherapie, Logopädie/Sprachtherapie und Physiotherapie (im Folgenden kurz: ELP) sind gesellschaftlich relevant und essenzieller Bestandteil einer nachhaltigen Gesundheitsversorgung. Therapiewissenschaften evaluieren, verbessern und erweitern Möglichkeiten der Prävention und Behandlung von Krankheiten sowie der Beratung und Begleitung von Menschen in gesundheitlicher Hinsicht. Wer, wenn nicht die Therapeut*innen, stellt Forschungsfragen und verfolgt Forschungsinteressen, durch die forschungsbasiertes Wissen zu Therapie entsteht? Dieses Positionspapier der Fachkommission Forschung im HVG wurde entwickelt als Referenz zur Forschungslandschaft der ELP. Es ist als Argumentationshilfe gedacht, um die Voraussetzungen für die Therapiewissenschaften zu verbessern. KW - Allied Health KW - Physiotherapie KW - Wissenschaft Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14495900 ET - Version 1 (Stand 08.04.2024) ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pfingsten, Andrea A1 - Schedel, Valentin A1 - Dendorfer, Sebastian A1 - Gschoßmann, Lukas T1 - Biomechanical characteristics of knee rehabilitation exercises: a new approach for data-based exercise selection N2 - Purpose: The principal objective of our research is to characterize key exercises that represent significant milestones in the rehabilitation process, employing biomechanical parameters to facilitate the distinction between stages of progression. Methods: We conducted an observational cross-sectional study on healthy volunteers (30 years), approved by an ethics committee. Subjects with a history of lower extremity disease were excluded. Movement data was collected, including the following hierarchy of exercise progressions: sit-to-stand-supported (STSS) - sit-to-stand (STS) - squat, stair climbing supported (SCS) - stair climbing (SC) - step-up, single-leg-stance-supported (SLSS) - single-leg-stance (SLS) - single-leg-stance-advanced (SLSA). Motion data was captured using a marker-less system (CapturyLive, v255, TheCaptury, Germany) and used for musculoskeletal simulations in the AnyBody Modeling System (v7.4.4, AnyBodyTechnology, Denmark) with a full-body model. ANOVA or Welch-Test with Bonferroni Post-Hoc was used to describe the anterior-posterior joint reaction force (JRF) normalized for body weight (BW) for each exercise. Positive values indicate an anterior JRF, and negative values a posterior JRF. Results: We recruited 31 subjects (female: 23/74.2%) with a mean age of 22.81 years (SD:2.18). The analysis showed a significant difference in minimum JRF for STSS, STS, and squat (Welch-Test: F(2,56.421)=71.216, p0.001). Post-hoc analysis revealed that posterior JRF for STSS (mean:-2.63BW, SD:0.53) was lower than for STS (mean:-3.74BW, SD:0.42, p0.001), and STS was lower than squat (mean:-4.02BW, SD:0.35, p=0.043). No significant differences were observed in maximum JRF in the posterior direction (ANOVA: F(2,87)=1.151, p=0.324). For single-leg-stance exercises, the minimum JRF was similar for SLSS (mean:-0.34BW, SD:0.22) and SLS (mean:-0.55BW, SD:0.25, p=0.056), but higher in the posterior direction for SLSA (mean:-0.98BW, SD:0.49, p0.001; Welch-Test: F(2,54.379)=22.536, p0.001). Maximum JRF differences were also significant (ANOVA: F(2,87)=11.546, p0.001), with SLSS (mean:0.01BW, SD:0.22) showing a significant higher anterior JRF compared to SLS (mean:-0.16BW, SD:0.19, p=0.020). In the progression from SCS, SC to step-up, there was a significant difference in minimum JRF (ANOVA: F(2,87)=5.33, p=0.007), but not in maximum JRF (ANOVA: F(2,87)=0.624, p=0.538). SCS (mean:-3.42BW, SD:0.38) and SC (mean:-3.48BW, SD:0.54) showed no difference (p=1.000), but SC was significantly higher than step-up (mean:-3.58BW, SD:0.62, p=0.036). Conclusion(s): The exercises show differences in the JRF according to stages of progression, which can be taken into account when selecting exercises. Future research should address the group of patients who have undergone knee arthroplasty. Implications: In the future, it may be feasible to quantify patients' resilience based on sensor data and associate this with the optimal progression of an exercise sequence throughout the rehabilitation process. KW - Physiotherapie KW - Biomechanik KW - Rehabilitation KW - Knie KW - Physiotherapie Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.82161/v9a4-yt39 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ried, Michael A1 - Neidhart, Thomas T1 - Was lange währt ist auch gut: Langzeitverhalten von ZFSV BT - Anhand der Forschungsmessstrecke „Bypassleitung“ im Europaviertel in Frankfurt am Main N2 - Vollständige Prozessbegleitung alternativer bindemittelversetzter Bettungsmaterialien im Fernwärmeleitungsbau über Eignungsprüfung, Qualitätskontrolle, Statik KW - ZFSV (Zeitweise fließfähiger selbstverdichtender Verfüllbaustoff) KW - Fernwärme (district heating) KW - Eignungsprüfung (suitability test) KW - plastic concrete KW - Festigkeit (strength) Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-85536 VL - 2025 CY - Regensburg ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ried, Michael T1 - ZFSV Festigkeitsindikatoren in situ und Probenentnahme BT - Anhand der Forschungsmessstrecke „Bypassleitung“ im Europaviertel in Frankfurt am Main N2 - Probennahme ungestörter ZFSV-Bettungsproben sowie in situ Festigkeitsindikator für zementversetzte niederfeste Baustoffe über den dynamischen CBR-Versuch KW - ZFSV (Zeitweise fließfähiger selbstverdichtender Verfüllbaustoff) KW - Fernwärme (district heating) KW - dynamischer CBR KW - Probennahme (sample extraction) KW - Festigkeit (strength) Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-85496 VL - 2022 CY - Regensburg ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ried, Michael T1 - ZFSV Festigkeitsindikatoren in situ und Probenahme BT - Anhand der Forschungsmessstrecke „Bypassleitung“ im Europaviertel in Frankfurt am Main N2 - Festigkeit zeitweise fließfähiger Verfüllbaustoffe KW - ZFSV (Zeitweise fließfähiger selbstverdichtender Verfüllbaustoff) KW - Fernwärme (district heating) KW - dynamischer CBR KW - Probennahme (sample extraction) Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-85521 VL - 2023 CY - Regensburg ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ried, Michael A1 - Neidhart, Thomas T1 - Electrical-and geotechnical engineering in soil physical symbiosis to influence the water conditions of cohesive soils N2 - In contrast to non-cohesive soils, the soil physical and, in particular, the soil mechanical properties of cohesive soils are directly dependent on the in-situ water content. The water content determines the consistency of the soil, the shear strength, and thus also the skin friction of geotechnical deep foundations. Furthermore, the settlement behavior of structures founded on cohesive soils is significantly influenced by the pore water. Given these water content-dependent properties, it is frequently of interest to influence the water content in cohesive soil. Due to the small capillary diameters and the surface charge of the silicate layers in cohesive soils, it is possible to effectively influence the pore water of the soil using electric fields. As early as the mid-20th century, attempts were made to initiate consolidation processes using electric currents (Casagrande, 1949). Building on this, Christian Veder, the namesake of this colloquium, and his colleague Hilbert presented various approaches in the 1970s regarding the electrokinetic processes involved in landslides and their utilization for stabilization. Due to electroosmosis in the capillaries of cohesive soils or soils with a cohesive component, the direct current electric field leads to water migration from the anode to the cathode. The water content at the anode therefore decreases, while it increases at the cathode. In this way, the water content-dependent consistency and shear strength of the soil can be specifically altered (Veder & Hilbert, 1979). Due to the strong dependence of the fine-grained minerals on the available ions, the soil is influenced by an electric field not only in its state but also in its soil physics. The investigations presented here aimed to deepen these insights and expand the range of applications of electric currents in soil. The focus was on electrokinetic pore water manipulation and its influence on the mechanical interaction (adhesion and tensile strength) between cohesive soils and solid surfaces. KW - Elektroosmose (electroosmosis) KW - Elektrokinetik (electrokinetics) KW - Konsolidation (consolidation) KW - Porenwasser (pore water) KW - Ionenhaushalt (ion household) Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-85461 VL - 2025 CY - Regensburg ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Ried, Michael A1 - Neidhart, Thomas ED - Moormann, Christian ED - Vogt-Breyer, Carola T1 - Untersuchung elektroosmotischer Effekte auf Adhäsion und Gleitreibung eines bindigen Modellbodens: ein elektrisches Gleichspannungsfeld zur Veränderung der Mechanik zwischen Boden und Stahl T2 - 14. Kolloquium Bauen in Boden und Fels: Fachtagung über aktuelle Herausforderungen der Geotechnik, 30. + 31. Januar 2024, Esslingen N2 - In der Bauausführung und Maschinentechnik sieht man sich immerwährend mit Haft- und Reibkräften zwischen Stahloberflächen und bindigen Böden konfrontiert. Im (Spezial-)tiefbau und auch im Tunnelbau führt die Adhäsionsneigung bindiger Böden an Aushubwerkzeugen zu massiven wirtschaftlichen Einbußen der jeweiligen Baumaßnahme und ist mit großem energetischem Aufwand für die Reinigung der Werkzeuge verbunden. In den vergangenen Jahren wurde über den Einsatz eines elektrischen Gleichspannungsfeldes mehrfach eine vielversprechende Lösung diskutiert. Die durch den elektroosmotischen Effekt hervorgerufene Wasserdiffusion hin zur positiv geladenen Kathode führt zu einer signifikanten Reduktion der Adhäsion zwischen Stahloberfläche und bindigem Boden. Dabei wird die Haftspannung tangential wie auch senkrecht zur Werkzeugoberfläche durch elektrische Ströme beeinflusst. Innerhalb dieser vorgestellten Arbeit wurde ein Rotationsscherversuch entwickelt, mit dem die elektroneninduzierte Veränderung der mechanischen Interaktion zwischen Boden und Stahloberfläche systematisch untersucht und quantifiziert wurde. KW - Elektroosmose (electroosmosis), Elektrokinetik (electrokinetics), Adhäsion (adhesion), Ton (clay), bindiger Boden (cohesive soil), Verklebung (clogging), Scherwiderstand (shear resistance) Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-83839 SN - ISBN 978-3-381-11811-3 SP - 145 EP - 155 PB - expert CY - Tübingen ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Ried, Michael A1 - Piechullek, Amelie A1 - Neidhart, Thomas ED - Marte, Roman ED - Tschuchnigg, Franz T1 - Elektrotechnik und Geotechnik in bodenphysikalischer Symbiose zur Beeinflussung der Wasserverhältnisse in bindigen Böden T2 - Beiträge zum 39. Christian Veder Kolloquium - Wasser in der Geotechnik: Herausforderungen und Lösungen N2 - Im Gegensatz zu nichtbindigen Böden sind die bodenphysikalischen und im Besonderen die bodenmechanischen Eigenschaften bindiger Böden direkt vom Wassergehalt in situ abhängig. Der Wassergehalt bestimmt die Konsistenz des Bodens, die Scherfestigkeit und damit auch die Mantelreibung geotechnischer Tiefbauwerke. Daneben wird das Setzungsverhalten von auf bindigen Böden gegründeten Bauwerken maßgeblich durch das Porenwasser bestimmt. Vor dem Hintergrund der wassergehaltsabhängigen Eigenschaften ist es regelmäßig von Interesse das Wasser im bindigen Boden zu beeinflussen. Durch die kleinen Kapillardurchmesser und die Oberflächenladung der Silikatschichten bindiger Böden ist es möglich über elektrische Felder auf das Porenwasser des Bodens effektiv einzuwirken. Bereits in der Mitte des 20. Jahrhunderts wurde versucht, durch elektrische Ströme Konsolidationsprozesse anzustoßen (Cassagrande, 1949). Darauf aufbauend stellte der Namensgeber dieses Kolloquiums Christian Veder in den 1970er Jahren mit seinem Kollegen Hilbert verschiedene Ansätze zu den an Hangrutschungen beteiligten elektrokinetischen Prozessen und deren Nutzbarmachung zur Stabilisierung vor. Durch die Elektroosmose in den Kapillaren bindiger Böden oder Böden mit bindigem Anteil führt das elektrische Gleichspannungsfeld zu einer Wassermigration von Anode zu Kathode. Der Wassergehalt an der Anode nimmt daher ab und an der Kathode nimmt er zu. So lässt sich die wassergehaltabhängige Konsistenz sowie die Scherfestigkeit des Bodens gezielt verändern (Veder & Hilbert, 1979). Durch die starke Abhängigkeit der Feinkornminerale von den zur Verfügung stehenden Ionen wird der Boden durch ein elektrisches Feld nicht nur in seiner Zustandsform beeinflusst, sondern auch in seiner Bodenphysik. Die hier vorzustellenden Untersuchungen sollten die Erkenntnisse vertiefen und das Anwendungsspektrum elektrischer Ströme im Boden erweitern. Der Fokus lag hierbei auf der elektrokinetischen Porenwassermanipulation und deren Einfluss auf die mechanische Interaktion (Haftreibung und Haftzugfestigkeit) zwischen bindigen Böden und Festkörperoberflächen. KW - Elektroosmose (electroosmosis) KW - Elektrokinetik (electrokinetics) KW - Konsolidation (consolidation) KW - Porenwasser (pore water) KW - Ionenhaushalt (ion household) Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-85452 SN - 978-3-903613-00-3 VL - Heft 21 PB - Nawi Graz Geocenter CY - Graz ER - TY - GEN A1 - Weber, Karsten T1 - Mögliche Zukünfte der Künstlichen Intelligenz Y1 - 2023 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Weber, Karsten T1 - Social challenges that (might) come from AI Y1 - 2023 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Weber, Karsten T1 - Transparenz aus praktischer und regulatorischer Perspektive: Ein Beitrag zur Technikfolgenabschätzung der KI? Y1 - 2023 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Weber, Karsten T1 - KI und Sterben Just-in-Time BT - Wenn das Unwägbare voraussehbar und das Unvermeidliche beeinflussbar wird Y1 - 2023 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Weber, Karsten T1 - Der Mars zwischen Science und Fiction Y1 - 2023 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Weber, Karsten T1 - Mögliche Zukünfte der Künstlichen Intelligenz Y1 - 2023 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Weber, Karsten T1 - Medizin, Mobilität, Medien: Digitaler Wandel als Chance und Herausforderung Y1 - 2023 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Weber, Karsten T1 - KI-Nutzung für (psychisch) kranke Menschen: Auswirkungen auf das Professionsverständnis der Fachkräfte Y1 - 2024 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Weber, Karsten T1 - Verantwortung als Leitprinzip der Arbeit der Gemeinsamen Ethikkommission der Hochschulen Bayerns (GEHBa) Y1 - 2023 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Weber, Karsten T1 - Driverless vehicles and software dependency: sustainability, security, and safety are at stake Y1 - 2023 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Weber, Karsten T1 - Elektrisch + digital = nachhaltig? Welche Nachhaltigkeitsgewinne haben neue Mobilitätformen? Y1 - 2023 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Weber, Karsten T1 - Der Mensch nach Maß?! Y1 - 2023 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Weber, Karsten T1 - Nachhaltigkeit ist (k)eine Frage der Philosophie Y1 - 2025 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Weber, Karsten T1 - „Ist da jemand?“ – Die Geschichte des Versuchs denkende Maschinen zu bauen Y1 - 2023 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weber, Karsten T1 - Die Geschichte der Künstlichen Intelligenz - eine Geschichte der Enttäuschungen JF - Evangelium und Wissenschaft : Beiträge zum interdisziplinären Gespräch Y1 - 2024 VL - 45 IS - 1 SP - 2 EP - 16 PB - Karl-Heim-Gesellschaft ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Kökten, Rabia T1 - Transnationale Organisationslogiken der extremen Rechten mit Türkeibezug in Bayern N2 - Bisher liegen keine Analysen aus organisationssoziologischer Perspektive über die extreme Rechte mit Türkeibezug vor. In diesem Arbeitspapier werden Normalisierungsstrategien im transnationalen Raum und vor Ort vorgestellt. Die extrem rechten Vereine platzieren sich als Interessenvertretung nach innen und nach außen hin. Hierbei zeigt sich, dass die Etablierung und Aufrechterhaltung einer kollektiven Identität zentral für ihr Bestehen sind. Sie operieren mit zwei binären Codes, die sie flexibel einsetzen: türkisch/nicht-türkisch und muslimisch/nicht-muslimisch. Diese müssen regelmäßig reproduziert und gefestigt werden. Das funktioniert über Differenz- und Feindbildkonstruktionen, die durch öffentliche Migrations- und Integrationsdebatten zusätzlich genährt werden, sowie durch starke regionale Vernetzungen, die bis in die Türkei reichen. Daran sind auch Klientel- und Mitgliederlegitimationen geknüpft, ohne die die Organisationen schnell zerfallen würden. Hier werden diese Vernetzungen als transnationale Lebenswelten beschrieben. Das vorliegende Working Paper stellt erste Ergebnisse zur Diskussion. KW - Transnationalismus KW - Rechtsextremismus KW - Ülkücü Bewegung KW - Organisationssoziologie Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-84602 N1 - Das Forschungsprojekt ist Teil des Verbundes für Gegenwartanalysen, Erinnerungspraxis und Gegenstrategien des Rechtsextremismus in Bayern, ForGeRex. Es wird gefördert durch das Bayerische Staatsministerium für Wissenschaft und Kunst. CY - Regensburg ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Weber, Karsten A1 - Currle, Edda A1 - Frommeld, Debora A1 - Haug, Sonja ED - Samida, Stefanie ED - Glaser, Manuela ED - Franken, Lina T1 - Medizin T2 - Handbuch Materialität und Digitalität N2 - Medizinisches Handeln wird durch Digitalisierung verändert, weil sich der Fokus von Patient*innen hin zu Daten über Patient*innen verlagert. Dieser Prozess ist als Entmaterialisierung des Gegenstands der Medizin zu verstehen, da nicht mehr die Körper von Patient*innen selbst, sondern deren digitaler Zwilling im Zentrum des medizinischen Handelns stehen. Anhand von Beispielen aus dem Dreischritt von Anamnese und Diagnose, Behandlung und Therapie sowie Nachsorge und Pflege soll der Prozess von Digitalisierung und Entmaterialisierung der Medizin aufgezeigt werden. KW - Gesundheitsversorgung KW - Anamnese KW - Diagnose KW - Behandlung KW - Therapie KW - Nachsorge KW - Pflege KW - Digitaler Zwilling KW - Elektronische Patientenakte Y1 - 2025 SN - 9783662699874 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-69987-4_62-1 SP - 1 EP - 7 PB - J.B. Metzler CY - Berlin, Heidelberg ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Klausmann, Leonard A1 - Rueckert, Tobias A1 - Rauber, David A1 - Maerkl, Raphaela A1 - Yildiran, Suemeyye R. A1 - Gutbrod, Max A1 - Palm, Christoph T1 - DIY challenge blueprint: from organization to technical realization in biomedical image analysis T2 - Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention - MICCAI 2025 ; Proceedings Part XI N2 - Biomedical image analysis challenges have become the de facto standard for publishing new datasets and benchmarking different state-of-the-art algorithms. Most challenges use commercial cloud-based platforms, which can limit custom options and involve disadvantages such as reduced data control and increased costs for extended functionalities. In contrast, Do-It-Yourself (DIY) approaches have the capability to emphasize reliability, compliance, and custom features, providing a solid basis for low-cost, custom designs in self-hosted systems. Our approach emphasizes cost efficiency, improved data sovereignty, and strong compliance with regulatory frameworks, such as the GDPR. This paper presents a blueprint for DIY biomedical imaging challenges, designed to provide institutions with greater autonomy over their challenge infrastructure. Our approach comprehensively addresses both organizational and technical dimensions, including key user roles, data management strategies, and secure, efficient workflows. Key technical contributions include a modular, containerized infrastructure based on Docker, integration of open-source identity management, and automated solution evaluation workflows. Practical deployment guidelines are provided to facilitate implementation and operational stability. The feasibility and adaptability of the proposed framework are demonstrated through the MICCAI 2024 PhaKIR challenge with multiple international teams submitting and validating their solutions through our self-hosted platform. This work can be used as a baseline for future self-hosted DIY implementations and our results encourage further studies in the area of biomedical image analysis challenges. KW - Biomedical challenges KW - Image analysis KW - Blueprint KW - Do-It-Yourself KW - Self-hosting Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-032-05141-7 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-05141-7_9 SP - 85 EP - 95 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Maerkl, Raphaela A1 - Rueckert, Tobias A1 - Rauber, David A1 - Gutbrod, Max A1 - Weber Nunes, Danilo A1 - Palm, Christoph T1 - Enhancing generalization in zero-shot multi-label endoscopic instrument classification JF - International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery N2 - Purpose Recognizing previously unseen classes with neural networks is a significant challenge due to their limited generalization capabilities. This issue is particularly critical in safety-critical domains such as medical applications, where accurate classification is essential for reliability and patient safety. Zero-shot learning methods address this challenge by utilizing additional semantic data, with their performance relying heavily on the quality of the generated embeddings. Methods This work investigates the use of full descriptive sentences, generated by a Sentence-BERT model, as class representations, compared to simpler category-based word embeddings derived from a BERT model. Additionally, the impact of z-score normalization as a post-processing step on these embeddings is explored. The proposed approach is evaluated on a multi-label generalized zero-shot learning task, focusing on the recognition of surgical instruments in endoscopic images from minimally invasive cholecystectomies. Results The results demonstrate that combining sentence embeddings and z-score normalization significantly improves model performance. For unseen classes, the AUROC improves from 43.9% to 64.9%, and the multi-label accuracy from 26.1% to 79.5%. Overall performance measured across both seen and unseen classes improves from 49.3% to 64.9% in AUROC and from 37.3% to 65.1% in multi-label accuracy, highlighting the effectiveness of our approach. Conclusion These findings demonstrate that sentence embeddings and z-score normalization can substantially enhance the generalization performance of zero-shot learning models. However, as the study is based on a single dataset, future work should validate the method across diverse datasets and application domains to establish its robustness and broader applicability. KW - Generalized zero-shot learning KW - Sentence embeddings KW - Z-score normalization KW - Multi-label classification KW - Surgical instruments Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-85674 N1 - Corresponding author der OTH Regensburg: Raphaela Maerkl VL - 20 SP - 1577 EP - 1587 PB - Springer Nature ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Gerstner, Mathias A1 - Hackenberg, Rudolf T1 - Context-aware forecasting of mobile network quality for autonomous vehicle connectivity T2 - Vehicular analytics 2025 : the second conference on vehicular systems N2 - As autonomous driving becomes increasingly feasible, the German government has introduced a legal framework to enable the operation with Level 4 automated driving functionality. A key requirement is the maintenance of a continuous connection between such vehicles and a remote technical supervisor. If this link is lost, the vehicle must transition into a safe state by bringing itself to a controlled stop. To mitigate the risk of connection loss, accurate forecasting of mobile network availability along routes is essential. This paper presents an Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA) based on 38 measurement runs collected over ten months along a rural 64 km route in Germany. The dataset includes passive mobile network signal quality parameters, Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) position and precision data, as well as contextual features, such as speed, driving direction, day of the week, weather, and distance to the connected base station. Although mean values capture overall tendencies for areas with consistently good or poor coverage, they fail to capture the variability necessary for reliable prediction on a per-trip basis. Notably, some route segments show high variance in signal quality across different measurement runs. This variability is assumed to result from changing environmental influences, such as weather or traffic conditions at different times. Our analysis reveals weak but statistically relevant correlations between several contextual features (e.g., temperature ≈ -0.2) and network quality indicators. The inclusion of weather parameters or the day of the week has been shown to lower the Mean Absolute Error (MAE) compared to a prediction based only on measurements from the past. These findings underscore the importance of contextual information and localized modeling to predict network availability for safety-critical systems, such as autonomous vehicles. Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-86166 UR - https://www.thinkmind.org/library/VEHICULAR_ANALYTICS/VEHICULAR_ANALYTICS_2025/vehicular_analytics_2025_1_10_30005.html SN - 978-1-68558-320-0 PB - IARIA ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Bresinsky, Markus A1 - Brischar, Jule T1 - Between association and dissociation : the legitimacy politics of CIMIC experimentation N2 - NATO’s Concept Development and Experimentation (CD&E) works well for discrete technologies but is ill-suited to civil–military cooperation (CIMIC), where the ‘capability’ at stake is an interorganisational relationship. Drawing on regime-complex theory and organisational sociology, this paper argues that willingness to engage in joint CIMIC capability development hinges on legitimacy rather than technical utility. A legitimacy-scale metaphor captures the trade-off: functional gains from collaboration load one side; identity risks, such as threats to neutrality, autonomy, or safety, load the other. Three ideal-type cases test the framework. In stabilisation missions, humanitarian neutrality is vital, the scale tips toward identity risk, and co-creation remains siloed. In sudden-onset disasters, shared life-saving objectives reduce identity costs, functional incentives dominate, and integrated trials flourish. Territorial- and collective-defence scenarios occupy the middle ground: acute threat perception opens selective, often low-profile windows for cooperation, yet unresolved legal and reputational questions still temper overt collaboration. The analysis yields five practical lessons. First, legitimacy must be treated as a primary design variable. Second, the optimal depth of cooperation is context specific. Third, legitimacy-sensitive ‘safe-to-fail’ spaces – wargames, living labs, tabletop exercises – lower entry barriers. Fourth, structured reflection on legitimacy exposes red lines early and refines future joint efforts. Fifth, incremental processes can build trust and gradually relax legitimacy constraints. Recognising legitimacy as both constraint and resource allows practitioners to design CIMIC co-creation – and eventual experimentation – that is technically sound, politically acceptable, and ethically sustainable. KW - CIMIC KW - NATO KW - Legitimacy KW - Co-creation KW - Experimentation KW - Dissociation Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-85627 UR - https://www.cimic-coe.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/acaCIMICs_publication.pdf PB - CCOE ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bresinsky, Markus A1 - Fillenberg, Barbara T1 - Krisen, Katastrophen und Konflikte JF - Hebammen Wissen N2 - Hebammen als Akteurinnen im Bevölkerungsschutz In Deutschland folgt der Bevölkerungsschutz einer komplexen Struktur, die sich größtenteils auch auf das Rettungswesen stützt. Doch die wertvolle Ressource Hebammentätigkeit wurde dabei bisher nicht mitgedacht. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s43877-025-1335-x VL - 6 IS - 4 SP - 24 EP - 27 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Baranowski, Kamil A1 - Zychla, Michał A1 - Krysztof, Michał A1 - Żółtowski, Michał A1 - Hausladen, Matthias A1 - Schreiner, Rupert A1 - Knápek, Aleksandr T1 - Experimenal method for studying electron beams in gaseous environments using a CMOS image sensor T2 - 38th International Vacuum Nanoelectronics Conference (IVNC) N2 - Detecting and analyzing electron beams in atmospheric conditions remains a significant challenge due to scattering and absorption of electrons by gas molecules. In this work, a novel approach using a CMOS image sensor for real-time electron beam detection after its transmission through air is presented. The setup enables visualization of beam divergence, emission profiles, and dynamic behavior under atmospheric pressure. Presented results demonstrate the potential of CMOS image sensor for electron beam analysis in gaseous environment. Y1 - 2025 SN - 979-8-3315-3705-0 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/IVNC65669.2025.11120851 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Allaham, Mohammad M. A1 - Burda, Daniel A1 - Knápek, Alexandr A1 - Krysztof, Michał A1 - Baranowski, Kamil A1 - Hausladen, Matthias A1 - Schreiner, Rupert T1 - Testing the performance of tungsten-graphite cathodes as MEMS Electron microscope electron source T2 - 38th International Vacuum Nanoelectronics Conference (IVNC) N2 - This work presents preliminary results of the performance testing of exfoliated graphene layers deposited on the nanotip of a tungsten field emission cathode. The obtained tungsten-graphite cathodes were then operated in a 3D-printed MEMS electron microscope testing model for later applications. The results were promising, where a maximum emission current of 50.2 μA was obtained with an extraction voltage of 1 kV and anode voltage of 3 kV. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/IVNC65669.2025.11121041 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Asgharzade, Ali A1 - Bartl, Mathias A1 - Hausladen, Matthias A1 - Chen, Yang A1 - Buchner, Philipp A1 - Edler, Simon A1 - Bachmann, Michael A1 - She, Juncong A1 - Schreiner, Rupert T1 - Investigation on the influence of internal voltage drops on the emission behavior of silicon field emission arrays using CMOS image sensor T2 - 38th International Vacuum Nanoelectronics Conference (IVNC) N2 - In this paper we report on an improved measurement and analysis method for determining the emission current distribution of field emitter arrays with CMOS sensors. It can also be used for field emission arrays where not all surfaces of the emitters are at the same electrical potential (e.g. for p-doped Si tips, where a strong current saturation occurs). To demonstrate the functionality of this method, a n-doped field emission array was measured using a variable external series resistance. Brightness variations in emission spots were analyzed to re-calculate the known series resistances for comparison. The re-calculated value is in good agreement with the actual value of the resistance. This method offers a quantitative approach to assess internal voltage drop effects on field emission using optical readout KW - field emission imaging KW - field emission KW - CMOS sensor Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/IVNC65669.2025.11120937 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Eiler, Julian A1 - Berndt, Dominik A1 - Schreiner, Rupert T1 - Miniaturisierter Wasserstoffsensor basierend auf der 3-Omega Methode T2 - Tagungsband zum 4. Symposium Elektronik und Systemintegration ESI: 17. April 2024, Hochschule Landshut N2 - Die Arbeit stellt einen thermischen Wasserstoffsensor auf Siliziumbasis vor, der mit der 3-Omega Messmethode betrieben wird. Durch das dynamische Messverfahren, die große Sensoroberfläche bei gleichzeitig geringer thermischer Masse und der Materialkombination wird eine Auflösungsgrenze von 55 ppm Wasserstoff in Stickstoff erreicht. Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:860-opus4-4205 SN - 978-3-9818439-9-6 SP - 38 EP - 45 PB - Hochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften Landshut CY - Landshut ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Buchner, Philipp A1 - Hausladen, Matthias A1 - Bartl, Mathias A1 - Schreiner, Rupert T1 - Elektronenquellen basierend auf Feldemission aus Silizium T2 - Tagungsband zum 4. Symposium Elektronik und Systemintegration ESI: 17. April 2024, Hochschule Landshut N2 - Der Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über zwei typische Bauformen für Elektronenquellen auf der Basis von Feldemission aus Silizium. Des Weiteren wird eine typische Trioden-Beschaltung solcher Elektronenquellen für hohe Elektronentransmission vorgestellt und dabei auf ihre Leistungsfähigkeit eingegangen. Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:860-opus4-4212 SN - 978-3-9818439-9-6 SP - 46 EP - 53 PB - Hochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften Landshut CY - Landshut ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Galka, Stefan A1 - Weigert, Alexander T1 - Petri Net Structures for Automated Model Generation through Process Descriptions T2 - IFAC Papers OnLine N2 - Creating simulation models and running experiments requires expertise and significant effort. Modelling complex production systems by using Petri Nets, which have a simple formalism, leads to considerable modelling effort. To reduce the workload required, fundamental processes within a production system must be analyzed and represented as generic Petri Net structures to enable their automatic generation. These structures can serve as modular building blocks to construct arbitrarily complex systems. The broader objective is to enable the automatic generation of such, based on process descriptions within a simulation framework. Built on these findings, the necessary information for developing a specialized formal process description is derived, enabling the automated generation of Petri Net simulation models for production systems. KW - Digital Twin, Simulation, Logistics Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2025.09.093 VL - 59 IS - 10 SP - 542 EP - 547 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Galka, Stefan T1 - Integration and usage of simulation-based digital twins in internal logistics systems T2 - IFAC Papers OnLine N2 - This paper presents the workflows of Digital Twins in practice, with reference to three case studies. The objective is to present the processing of data and information flow. The most essential requirements for the design of a Digital Twin are synthesized from the case studies and a layer model is presented, which was developed based on the three case studies. The model consists of four functional layers and an overarching data- and workflow-management-backbone. A front-end layer is proposed for communication with the end user. KW - Digital Twin, Simulation, Logistics Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2025.09.152 VL - 59 IS - 10 SP - 897 EP - 902 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Galka, Stefan A1 - Meißner, Sebastian ED - Schmidt, Thorsten ED - Rank, Sebastian ED - Kühn, Mathias T1 - Einsatz von Digitalen Zwillingen für die operative Steuerung von innerbetrieblichen Transportsystemen T2 - Simulation in Produktion und Logistik 2025 N2 - This paper presents the architecture and functionality of a simulation-based Digital Twin designed to support decision-making in the control of internal transport systems. The developed Digital Twin leverages a wide range of data from operational information systems to predict future system loads. Specific methods for forecasting transport orders have been developed. An integrated simulation framework enables analysis of potential control decisions, such as resource allocation or the timing of order releases. The simulation results are used for multi-criteria evaluation of the available options for preventive action, thus, providing users with concrete recommendations to support their operational decision-making processes. KW - Digital Twin, Simulation, Logistics Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-86780-806-4 U6 - https://doi.org/10.25368/2025.280 SP - 47-1 EP - 47-11 PB - Technische Universität Dresden, Professur für Technische Logistik CY - Dresden ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Galka, Stefan A1 - Weigert, Alexander ED - Schmidt, Thorsten ED - Kühn, Mathias ED - Rank, Sebastian T1 - Systematik zur planungsbegleitenden Simulation bei der Konzeptplanung von Produktionssystemen – ein Anwendungsfall aus der Elektrolysestack-Produktion T2 - Simulation in Produktion und Logistik 2025 N2 - Simulation can support early-stage production system planning by enabling efficient evaluation of concept variants. However, detailed models are often impractical in concept phases due to limited data and high modelling effort. This paper presents a structured three-stage simulation approach for supporting the concept planning of water electrolyzer stack production systems . The approach leverages automatic model generation from formal process descriptions and gradually increases model detail across stages, carried out through a custom-developed simulation framework. This enables early validation of the throughput capability, resource planning, and the analysis of stochastically occurring technical malfunction. The method aims to reduce planning time while improving decision quality. KW - Produktion, Simulation, Petri-Netz Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-86780-806-4 U6 - https://doi.org/10.25368/2025.278 SP - 45-1 EP - 45-10 PB - Technische Universität Dresden, Professur für Technische Logistik CY - Dresden ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Ried, Michael A1 - Piechullek, Amelie A1 - Neidhart, Thomas T1 - Elektrotechnik und Geotechnik in bodenphysikalischer Symbiose zur Beeinflussung der Wasserverhältnisse in bindigen Böden T2 - Tagungsband Fachsektionstage Geotechnik N2 - Die bodenphysikalischen Eigenschaften bindiger Böden hängen direkt von dem Wassergehalt ab. Daher ist es regelmäßig von Interesse Einfluss auf die Wasserverhältnisse in bindigen Böden zu nehmen. Durch elektrokinetische Prozesse in den Kapillarporen kann der Wasserhaushalt des Bodens verändert werden. Durch neu entwickelte Laborversuche und deren Ergebnisse sollen die Anwendungsmöglichkeiten elektrokinetischer Verfahren in bindigen Böden aufgezeigt werden. So konnte gezeigt werden, dass sich die Konsolidationszeit durch eine starke Zunahme der Strö-mungsgeschwindigkeit in einem elektrischen Gleichspannungsfeld beschleunigen lässt. Es wurde zudem untersucht, wie sich der Wassergehalt und die damit verbundene Konsistenz eines Modell-bodens an Kathode und Anode verändert. KW - Elektroosmose (electroosmosis) Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-946039-13-6 SP - 369 EP - 374 CY - Essen ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dendorfer, Sebastian T1 - Towards a deeper understanding of Pelvic Floor Disorders via Biomechanical Models Y1 - 2025 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dendorfer, Sebastian T1 - Zahlen statt Meinung – virtuelle Ganzkörpermodelle für die Mensch-Fahrzeug-Interaktion Y1 - 2025 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Höng, Simon Konrad A1 - Wiederer, Jonas A1 - Eder, Friedrich A1 - Obergrießer, Mathias A1 - Linner, Thomas T1 - Towards AI-enhanced facade planning : integrating human expertise with machine learning-driven parametric modeling T2 - EC³ & CIB W78 : 2025 European Conference on Computing in Construction & 42nd CIB W78 IT in Construction Conference N2 - Planning modern facade systems is complex, requiring optimization across multiple domains.This paper proposes an AI-enhanced workflow for facade planning, harnessing computer vision and human input via a Large Language Model.A generative AI system then guides a parametric model to produce 3D facade designs. Automated checks provide feedback to a Reinforcement Learning system, to iteratively determine optimal solutions.These solutions are verified and finalized by human expertise, ensuring improved outcomes with reduce planning time and effort.The approach illustrates how combining advanced AI methods with human expertise can address the multifactorial challenges of facade design within current industry practices. Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-84862 SN - 978-9-083451-31-2 SN - 2684-1150 VL - 6 SP - 192 EP - 199 PB - European Council for Computing in Construction ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Westner, Markus A1 - Preiss, Niklas ED - Yang, X.S. ED - Sherratt, S. ED - Dey, N. ED - Joshi, A. T1 - Unraveling jingle-jangle fallacies in digital assistant technologies : a comprehensive systematic review and research agenda T2 - Proceedings of tenth international congress on information and communication technology : ICICT 2025, London, Volume 9 N2 - Digital assistant technologies (DATs) such as chatbots, virtual assistants, and intelligent agents have gained widespread attention, yet inconsistent terminology remains a critical challenge. The fragmented nature of previous research has led to significant confusion due to overlapping and interchangeable use of terms across industries. This systematic literature review, following the PRISMA protocol, consolidates the current state of knowledge on DATs and addresses the prevalent jingle-jangle fallacies in their terminology. Analysis of 137 articles identified keycharacteristics, applications, and conceptual overlaps of various DATs, uncovering 39 distinct technologies categorized under three overarching concepts: assistants, chatbots, and agents. Despite shared functionalities, terminological inconsistencies persist across different sectors, presenting challenges for both academic research and practical implementation. This review emphasizes the need for standardized terminology and clearer classification frameworks to facilitate broader DAT adoption across organizational contexts. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-6438-2_15 SP - 199 EP - 227 PB - Springer Nature ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gyokov, Ivan A1 - Seidl, Michaela A1 - Eschl, Sandra A1 - Meier, Christina A1 - Neufeld, Svetlana A1 - Feichtmeier, Manuela A1 - Freisleben-Nagl, Nadja A1 - Kluge, Sabrina A1 - Schmeller, Anna A1 - Ebenbeck, Sabrina A1 - Ostermeier, Selina A1 - Angermaier, Nadine A1 - Spindler, Tamara A1 - Winkelbeiner, Alexandra A1 - Ortner, Martina ED - Ortner, Martina T1 - BABS-Mi BT - Beiträge zur migrationssensiblen Sozialen Arbeit N2 - In dieser Ausgabe geht es um Transnationalismus. Die Einführung ist ein erklärender Artikel zum Themenbereich. Im Anschluss wird das methodische Vorgehen vorgestellt. Schließlich werden die einzelnen Ergebnisse dargestellt und abschließend zusammengefasst. KW - Migration KW - Multikulturelle Gesellschaft KW - Sozialarbeit Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-85196 VL - 6 PB - Ostbayerische Technische Hochschule Regensburg CY - Regensburg ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wiesinger, Doris T1 - Langzeitmonitoring des bodenphysikalischen Materialverhaltens von ZFSV bei erdverlegten Stromrohren in ZFSV Bettung anhand des DC CTL DBI Projekts N2 - Langzeitmonitoring der Saugspannung, der Temperatur, der Wärmeleitfähigkeit und des Wassergehalts von zeitweise fließfähigen selbstverdichtenden Verfüllbaustoffen bei erdverlegten gasisolierten Übertragungsleitungen anhand des DC CTL DBI Projektes. Unter Realbedingungen ergaben sich annähernd konstante bodenphysikalische Eigenschaften während der gesamten Versuchslaufzeit. Die Wärmeableitung durch das Bettungsmaterial ist daher gegeben. Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - INPR A1 - Leusink, Florian A1 - Ried, Michael A1 - Spirkl, Florian A1 - Neidhart, Thomas T1 - Der dynamische CBR-Versuch : ein Festigkeitsindikator für Boden-Bindemittel-Gemische im Erd- und Tiefbau N2 - Bei der Eignungsprüfung für qualifizierte Bodenverbesserungen wird die benötigte Menge des Bindemittels mittels Anforderungen an die einaxiale Druckfestigkeit oder den CBR-Wert festgelegt. Gemäß dem Merkblatt über Bodenbehandlungen mit Bindemitteln (M BMB 2021) muss bei qualifizierten Bodenverbesserungen eine einaxiale Druckfestigkeit von mindestens 0,5 MPa bzw. ein CBR-Wert von mindestens 40 % nach 28Tagen erreicht werden. Eine Überwachung der einaxialen Druckfestigkeit ist in situ der Praxis nur schwer möglich, da die hierzu notwendige Bohrkernentnahme mit erheblichem Aufwand verbunden ist und durch die niedrige Druckfestigkeit des Boden-Bindemittel-Gemisches das Risiko besteht, dass Bohrkerne beschädigt werden oder eine Entnahme nicht möglich ist. Es gibt daher keine festgeschriebene Überwachung der einaxialen Druckfestigkeit bei der qualifizierten Bodenverbesserung, in der Praxis erfolgt die Qualitätsüberwachung meist durch eine Dichtekontrolle. Für Auftraggeber ist eine In-situ-Bestimmung der Festigkeit von besonderem Interesse, um eine zuverlässige Überwachung zu gewährleisten, gleichzeitig kann sie Auftragnehmern als Nachweis der erbrachten Qualität bei etwaigen Schäden und zur Absicherung in der Gewährleistungsphase dienen. So ermöglicht die in situ ermittelte Festigkeit den Nachweis, dass die Qualität der qualifizierten Bodenverbesserung den bei der Eignungsprüfung festgelegten Anforderungen entspricht, selbst bei variierenden Herstellungsverfahren, wechselnder Geologie und unterschiedlichen Lagerungsbedingungen. Eine regelmäßige Überwachung der In-situ-Festigkeit ist wichtig, um eine konstant hohe Qualität zu sichern. Eine alternative Methode zur Bestimmung der In-situ-Festigkeit stellt der dynamische CBR-Versuch nach TP Gestein-StB Teil 5.6 dar. Hierbei handelt es sich um einen Stempeleindringversuch, bei dem ein Stempel mit einem Durchmesser von 5 cm mithilfe einer stoßartigen Belastung durch das leichte Fallgewicht in den Boden gedrückt wird. Die hohen induzierten Spannungen von 3,60 MPa überschreiten dabei die Druckfestigkeit des Materials und führen zu einem Strukturbruch. Im Gegensatz zu statischen und dynamischen Lastplattendruckversuchen wird so die Festigkeit des Bodens abgebildet und nicht dessen Steifigkeit. In umfassenden Versuchsreihen wurden im Labor Boden-Bindemittel-Gemische hergestellt und nach 28 d an jeweils drei Teilversuchen die einaxiale Druckfestigkeit und an jeweils sechs Teilversuchen der dynamische CBR-Wert ermittelt. Zusätzlich wurden auf Baustellen dynamische CBR-Werte in situ ermittelt und Bohrkerne entnommen, um die einaxiale Druckfestigkeit im Labor zu bestimmen. Die Versuchsreihen ermöglichten es, eine Korrelation zwischen den beiden Kennwerten abzuleiten. Durch diese Korrelation kann nun anhand des in situ ermittelten dynamischen CBR-Wertes auf die einaxiale Druckfestigkeit geschlossen werden. Dies ermöglicht eine einfache Qualitätsüberwachung, die über die bloße Ermittlung der Dichte hinaus geht und mit minimalem Zeit- und Kostenaufwand verbunden ist. Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-85221 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kellner, Florian A1 - Kraft, Sarah Katharina A1 - Quayson, Matthew T1 - Sustainable supplier evaluation under due diligence acts JF - Frontiers in Sustainability N2 - The enactment of due diligence legislation, such as the German Act on Corporate Due Diligence Obligations in Supply Chains, in German Lieferkettensorgfaltspflichtengesetz (LkSG), is reshaping global supply chain management by compelling companies to tackle heightened human rights and environmental risks in their supply chain. This study addresses the need for a comprehensive sustainability supplier evaluation framework by employing a systematic literature review with an expert survey of practitioners from German companies subject to LkSG. This methodology aligns academic findings with real-world practice and legal requirements, enriching the literature with practical insights. The results reveal that business practice prioritizes economic and social dimensions, whereas the literature focuses on economic and environmental dimensions. Although the most relevant economic and environmental criteria are consistent across both domains, the key social criteria show a notable misalignment. Managers can utilize the most relevant sustainability supplier evaluation criteria identified in this study to promote sustainable supply chains and ensure compliance with due diligence requirements. This research also highlights the high relevance of human rights as a social criterion, a dimension that has been historically under-recognized or implicitly addressed in the literature. KW - supplier evaluation KW - supplier selection KW - sustainability criteria KW - due diligence KW - high-risk suppliers KW - supply chain act KW - human rights Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/frsus.2025.1677700 VL - 6 SP - 1 EP - 15 PB - Frontiers ER - TY - INPR A1 - Spirkl, Florian A1 - Neidhart, Thomas T1 - Nachhaltige Bauverfahren durch Verwendung des anstehenden Bodens am Beispiel von Dichtwänden und Rohrgrabenverfüllung N2 - Der „Earth Overshoot Day“ verdeutlicht, dass wir zu viele Ressourcen verbrauchen und es immer noch großen Handlungsbedarf gibt, um nicht weiterhin auf Kosten zukünftiger Generationen zu leben. Dabei spielt der Bausektor eine große Rolle, entstehen hier doch ein erheblicher Anteil der deponierten Abfälle (ca. 55 % in DE), der CO2-Emissionen (ca. 36 % in der EU) und des Energieverbrauchs (ca. 40 % in der EU). Ein „Weiter so“ wie bisher ist unter diesen Aspekten nicht zielführend. Es braucht daher innovative Ansätze für Baustoffe, Bauprodukte und Bauweisen. Im Beitrag wird aufgezeigt, wie durch innovative Ansätze der Bausektor nachhaltiger gestaltet werden kann. Dies erfolgt anhand zweier Beispiele, bei der eine Dichtwand und eine Rohrgrabenverfüllung betrachtet werden. Zunächst wird am Beispiel der Dichtwand der CO2-Fußabdruck einer klassischen Dichtwand, hergestellt als Spundwand, verglichen mit dem Verfahren der Fräsmischinjektion. Da der Baugrund selbst als Baustoff genutzt wird und kein Bohrgut anfällt, wird hierdurch im Sinne des Kreislaufwirtschaftsgesetzes „Abfall“ vermieden. Gleichzeitig entfallen hierdurch eine Vielzahl an Materialtransporten. Am Beispiel der (Rohr-)Grabenverfüllung wird aufgezeigt, wie sich unterschiedliche Innovationsgrade auf die Nachhaltigkeit eines Bauverfahrens auswirken. Hierfür wird als Ausgangssituation die Bettung und Verfüllung eines Rohrgrabens mittels Sand betrachtet. Als Alternative hierzu werden zeitweise fließfähige selbstverdichtende Verfüllbaustoffe (ZFSV) betrachtet. ZFSV werden aus einer Grundkomponente (Boden, Baustoffe, Recycling-Stoffe) hergestellt, welche mit Wasser, Bindemittel und ggf. Zusätzen versetzt werden. Durch die Erhöhung des Wassergehalts erhalten die ZFSV ihre fließfähigen selbstverdichtenden Eigenschaften. Anschließend wird das Wasser durch das Bindemittel und die ggf. verwendeten Zusätze teilweise gebunden, so dass i.d.R. bereits wenige Stunden nach der ZFSV-Verfüllung die Begehbarkeit und nach einem Tag die Überbaubarkeit gewährleistet ist. Das Bindemittel wird dabei je nach Anwendungszweck dosiert. Zur Verwendung als Bettungsmaterial von Leitungen wird i.d.R. eine zeitabhängige, maximale Druckfestigkeit des ZFSV definiert und damit auch die Menge des Bindemittels begrenzt. Meist wird ein hydraulisch abbindendes Material (z.B. Zement) verwendet. Weitere allgemeine Angaben zum Thema ZFSV finden sich z.B. in Neidhart, Spirkl (2022), Bont (2022), Ramler (2022), Wagner (2022), Wiesinger (2022). Die Herstellung von ZFSV kann in einem Werk (Mixed in Plant) oder vor Ort (Mixed on Site) geschehen. Als Ausgangsmaterial kann Sand, Recyclingmaterial oder, wenn die Eignung nachgewiesen wird, auch das Aushubmaterial vor Ort verwendet werden. Das Potenzial einer nachhaltigen Bauweise durch eine ZFSV-Bettung wird im Beitrag in 4 verschiedenen Szenarien anhand eines realen Bauprojekts in Kelheim betrachtet: 1. Verwendung von Sand-basiertem ZFSV anstelle Sand-Bettung 2. Verwendung von Recyclingmaterial-basiertem ZFSV 3. Verwendung des anstehenden Aushubmaterials zur ZFSV-Herstellung 4. Optimierung des Grabenquerschnitts und Bauablaufs Grundsätzlich wurde bereits nachgewiesen, dass die Verwendung von ZFSV als Bettungsmaterial zu einem beschleunigten Bauablauf führen kann, und die Kosten je nach Randbedingung vergleichbar zur Sand-Bettung sind. Mit den dargestellten Szenarien, deren Einfluss auf die Nachhaltigkeit der Baustelle von 1. bis 4. zunimmt, zeigt sich auch in diesem Bereich das Potenzial von ZFSV. Je nach Ausgangsmaterial und Ort der ZFSV-Herstellung kann Material (Sand) und Transporte eingespart, die zu deponierende Menge reduziert und die Ökobilanzierung im Gesamten verbessert werden. Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-85216 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Richter, Stefanie T1 - Ein Essay zur Bedeutung der qualitativ-interpretativen Forschung zur wissenschaftlichen Fundierung der Pflege JF - Pflege & Gesellschaft Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3262/PUG2503290 SN - 1430-9653 VL - 30 IS - 3 SP - 290 EP - 295 PB - Beltz Juventa ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Reicheneder, Matthias A1 - Westner, Markus A1 - Matschi, Markus T1 - IT nearshoring and offshoring in German large companies: current status, motives and selection criteria N2 - This study analyses current IT nearshoring and offshoring practices in large German companies. For this purpose, 33 CIOs and IT managers were interviewed. Due to the shortage of skilled labour in Germany, the main driver behind the geographical relocation of IT services abroad is the availability of resources in other countries. This also applies to the selection of suitable IT services for nearshoring and offshoring. While IT near- and offshoring was historically initiated primarily due to cost savings, this aspect plays a subordinate role today. Although the interviewees still see cost savings as a benefit, they expect this advantage to erode in the future due to the narrowing gap in international cost differences. Companies are mainly offshoring application services but are increasingly recognising the potential to have higher-value tasks, e.g. project management and enterprise architecture management, performed from geographically more distant countries. Companies that only engage in IT nearshoring provide less than a third of their IT services in this way. Companies with IT offshoring presences have a higher degree of IT nearshoring/offshoring and perform almost half of their IT services abroad using their own resources. The most popular countries are Portugal for nearshoring and India for offshoring. KW - Nearshoring KW - Offshoring KW - IT Services KW - Drivers KW - Selection Criteria KW - Large Companies KW - Study Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-85311 N1 - This document is an English translation of the article: Reicheneder, M., Westner, M. & Matschi, M. IT-Near- und Offshoring in deutschen Großunternehmen: Aktueller Stand, Motive und Auswahlkriterien. HMD (2025). https://doi.org/10.1365/s40702-025-01150-2 N1 - Die deutsche Originalveröffentlichung ist abgelegt unter: https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-oth-regensburg/frontdoor/index/index/start/0/rows/10/sortfield/score/sortorder/desc/searchtype/simple/query/IT-Near-+und+Offshoring+in+deutschen+Gro%C3%9Funternehmen%3A+Aktueller+Stand%2C+Motive+und+Auswahlkriterien/docId/7958 SP - 1 EP - 19 CY - Regensburg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bartzsch, Nikolaus A1 - Rösl, Gerhard A1 - Seitz, Franz T1 - Cash demand in times of crises: a global perspective JF - Bank & Credit N2 - We analyse the repercussions of different kinds of crises on cash demand in an international perspective. Our case studies are based on time series of banknotes in circulation in a selection of 16 countries and currency areas across all continents over the period from 1990 to 2022. We distinguish between six different kinds of crises: (1) uncertainty of the digital infrastructure, (2) confidence crises of the financial system, (3) natural disasters, (4) political crises, (5) inflationary crises, and (6) exchange rate crises. Our case studies suggest that crises are likely to have contributed to the dynamic growth in demand for banknotes in the countries analysed. This applies both to small and large banknote denominations. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0054.9611 VL - 56 IS - 01 SP - 1 EP - 44 PB - Index Copernicus CY - Warsaw ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tremmel, Florian A1 - Nagler, Oliver A1 - Kutter, Christoph A1 - Holmer, Rainer T1 - Mechanical robustness analysis of semiconductors with a single needle probe card using acoustic emissions JF - e-Journal of Nondestructive Testing N2 - The combination of indentation testing and acoustic emission (AE) is widely used to analyze the fracture toughness of test substrates. In the manufacturing of semiconductor devices this material parameter also plays an important role. During the so-called wafer testing inside a wafer prober small probe tips are pressed onto the chip surface to check its performance. To prevent damaging the chip by that, the fracture toughness and load limit of it has to be defined in a prequalification step. This paper presents a test system that imitates the wafer testing process as close as possible and uses acoustic emission to detect appearing cracks and thereby also the load limit. The frontend of the test setup consists of a modular single needle probe card which can be placed in a wafer prober. Also, the indenter properties (tip diameter, stiffness, etc.) can be adjusted to the probe used later on during productive wafer testing to ensure realistic probing conditions. A piezoelectric sensor and a full strain gauge Wheatstone bridge are implemented close to the single indenter to measure the AEs and the applied contact force respectively. The signal-to-noise-ratios (SNRs) of both sensors are improved with an own analog amplifier module before recording them with an USB oscilloscope. A developed measurement software (LabVIEW) is used to adjust measurement parameters (trigger limit, record length, conversion factors, etc.) and automatically store and separate measurement data from different acoustic events and imprints. To evaluate the result files a second software tool (MATLAB) reads the files out and clusters the recorded events to separate crack signals from electrical and mechanical disturbances. With a prototype first test results are generated and the functionality and accuracy of the measurement concept is proven. KW - Acoustic Emission KW - Crack probability distribution KW - Fracture load limit KW - Wafer testing Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.58286/30254 SN - 1435-4934 VL - 29 IS - 10 PB - NDT.net ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Haug, Sonja ED - Endreß, Martin ED - Rampp, Benjamin T1 - Soziales Kapital T2 - Politische Soziologie Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-8487-4836-5 PB - Nomos CY - Baden-Baden ER - TY - GEN A1 - Scheppach, Markus W. A1 - Weber Nunes, Danilo A1 - Rauber, David A1 - Arizi, X. A1 - Probst, Andreas A1 - Nagl, Sandra A1 - Römmele, Christoph A1 - Ebigbo, Alanna A1 - Palm, Christoph A1 - Messmann, Helmut T1 - Künstliche Intelligenz-basierte Erkennung von interventionellen Phasen bei der endoskopischen Submukosadissektion T2 - Zeitschrift für Gastroenterologie N2 - Einleitung: Die endoskopische Submukosadissektion (ESD) ist ein komplexes endoskopisches Verfahren, das technische Expertise erfordert. Objektive Methoden zur Analyse von interventionellen Abläufen bei ESD könnten für Qualitätssicherung und Ausbildung, wie auch eine automatische Befunderstellung von Nutzen sein. Ziele: In dieser Studie wurde ein KI-Algorithmus für die Erkennung und Klassifizierung der interventionellen Phasen der ESD entwickelt, um die technische Basis für eine standardisierte Leistungsbewertung und automatische Befunderstellung zu schaffen. Methodik: Vollständige ESD-Videoaufnahmen von 49 Patienten wurden retrospektiv zusammengestellt. Der Datensatz umfasste 6.390.151 Einzelbilder, die alle für die folgenden interventionellen Phasen annotiert wurden: Diagnostik, Markierung, Injektion, Dissektion und Hämostase. 3.973.712 Bilder (28 Patienten) wurden für das Training eines Video-Swin-Transformers genutzt. Dabei wurde temporale Information durch standardisierte BIldextraktion in festgelegten zeitlichen Abständen zum analysierten Bild inkorporiert. 2.416.439 separate Bilder (21 Patienten) wurden für eine interne Validierung genutzt. Ergebnis: Bei der internen Evaluation erreichte das System insgesamt einen F1-Wert von 0,88. Es wurden F1-Werte von 0,99, 0,89, 0,89, 0,91 und 0,52 für Diagnostik, Markierung, Injektion, Dissektion bzw. Blutungsmanagement gemessen. Die Sensitivitäten für dieselben Parameter betrugen 1,00, 0,80, 0,94, 0,89 und 0,67, die Spezifitäten lagen bei 1,00, 1,00, 0,98, 0,88 und 0,93. Positive prädiktive Werte wurden mit 0,98, 1,00, 0,85, 0,94 und 0,43 gemessen. Schlussfolgerung: In dieser vorläufigen Studie zeigte ein KI-Algorithmus eine hohe Leistungsfähigkeit für die Einzelbild-Erkennung von Verfahrensphasen während der ESD. Die vergleichsweise niedrige Leistung für die Blutungsphase wurde auf das seltene Auftreten von Blutungsepisoden im Trainingsdatensatz zurückgeführt, der zu diesem Zeitpunkt nur Videos in voller Länge umfasste. Die zukünftige Entwicklung des Algorithmus wird sich auf die Reduzierung von Klassenungleichgewichten durch selektive Annotationsprotokolle konzentrieren. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0045-1811093 VL - 63 IS - 08 SP - e612 EP - e613 PB - Thieme CY - Stuttgart ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Haug, Sonja A1 - Milewski, Nadja ED - Rolfes, Vasilija ED - Scharf, Anna ED - Gerhards, Helene ED - Cerullo, Laura ED - Weber, Karsten T1 - Soziostrukturelle und -kulturelle Einflussfaktoren auf Einstellungsmuster zu assistierter Reproduktion T2 - Reproduktionszukünfte : ethische, rechtliche und soziale Perspektiven neuer Reproduktionstechniken N2 - Zu den bereits klinisch implementierten reproduktionsmedizinischen Verfahren wie der In-vitro-Fertilisation oder Eizell-Kryokonservierung, die Menschen mit Fertilitätseinschränkungen dabei helfen sollen, Kinder zu bekommen, kommen immer mehr Verfahren hinzu, welche sich zwar noch im experimentellen Stadium befinden, jedoch bereits auf die Möglichkeit der klinischen Anwendung hindeuten. Ein erstes relevantes Verfahren ist die In-vitro-Gametogenese, die Generierung von artifiziellen Gameten. Ein zweites ist die extrakorporale Schwangerschaft, mit der die Hoffnung verbunden ist, schwere Komplikationen oder sogar den Tod bei Frühgeburten zu vermeiden. Diese medizinischen Innovationen können weitreichende rechtliche, gesellschaftliche und ethische Konsequenzen im Kontext der menschlichen Reproduktion nach sich ziehen – diese werden im vorliegenden Sammelband kritisch diskutiert. Y1 - 2025 SN - 978-3-658-46299-4 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-46300-7 SP - 47 EP - 74 PB - Springer CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Nickel, Maren T. A1 - Lauer, Norina A1 - Kurfess, Christina A1 - Kreiter, Daniel A1 - Corsten, Sabine T1 - Peer-to-peer support in Aphasia: the participants’ perspective on the digital network PeerPAL JF - Qualitative Research in Communication Differences and Disorders N2 - Background: Aphasia can affect health-related quality of life (HRQL), identity, and social participation. Peer contact can have a positive impact on all three aspects. However, there are barriers to the available offers (e.g., professional guidance), whereas a digital solution enables autonomous peer contact. Therefore, we developed and evaluated a customized application for autonomous, asynchronous peer contact that encourages social activities and interaction. The qualitative evaluation in this study includes evaluation of the application and psychosocial changes during the intervention. Quantitative data are published elsewhere. Method: We conducted interviews with 11 people with aphasia who had participated in our pre–post mixed-methods study. The interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis guided by a codebook. Results: Responses were categorized into use and evaluation of the application (three themes) and psychosocial changes during the intervention (four themes). Most interviewees reported that they would like to use the application in the future. The benefits of peer contact, digital exchange, and, thereby, social activities were positively highlighted. Moreover, there are indications of improvements in HRQL and a change in identity. Negative aspects included a lack of feedback from other participants, too few peers in the geographical area, and missing features and bugs in the application. Discussion/Conclusions: The application is suitable for establishing peer contact, which can lead to psychosocial improvements. It remains to be analyzed who benefits most from the application and at what phase of aphasia. Time since onset, social environment, and previous peer contact should be considered. In the future, a larger sample should be analyzed. KW - Aphasie KW - Inklusion KW - Digitalisierung KW - Lebensqualität KW - Teilhabe KW - Peer Support KW - Social Network Y1 - 2025 UR - https://utppublishing.com/doi/abs/10.3138/qrcdd-2024-0009 VL - 16 IS - 1 SP - 43 EP - 81 PB - University of Toronto Press ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Stocker, Philipp A1 - Lehrer, Tobias A1 - Duddeck, Fabian A1 - Wagner, Marcus T1 - Face-wise prediction of sheet-metal drawability using graph neural networks T2 - Journal of Physics: Conference Series N2 - The early design phase of deep-drawn structural components involves time-consuming iterative development. Traditional drawability assessments rely on finite element simulations, which are computationally expensive and slow the design process. Alternative machine learning (ML) approaches show promise in accelerating this process but face challenges with existing methods. Existing low-dimensional ML models only provide global predictions without identifying specific geometric regions prone to failure. High-dimensional models provide local predictions but require significant amounts of training data. We propose a data-driven approach leveraging graph neural networks (GNNs) for face-wise drawability prediction of sheet metal components in their computer-aided design (CAD) representation. Our method aims to bridge the gap between the computational efficiency of ML and the spatial resolution of simulation by providing face-wise insight into potential failure regions. This study utilises a dataset of parametric U-channel geometries with variability in both geometry and topology. Ground-truth labels are generated using inverse analysis simulations. Geometric entities are represented through the use of UV parameterisations, whereby 3D surfaces are mapped into 2D space to facilitate geometric encoding. Concurrently, the topological relationships are captured using a face adjacency graph. To address data scarcity, we evaluate how different amounts of training data affect model performance and perform ablation studies to analyse the impact of different CAD representation features. Our results show that the proposed approach achieves high accuracy even with limited training data. In addition, the ablation studies provide insights into the most critical CAD features, guiding future research. These results highlight the potential of our GNN to predict face-wise drawability in the early design phase. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/3104/1/012053 SN - 1742-6588 N1 - Corresponding author der OTH Regensburg: Philipp Stocker VL - 3104 IS - 1 PB - IOP Publishing ER - TY - THES A1 - Schaffer, Josefa T1 - Precision in eye tracking: evaluation and improvement of accuracy N2 - This thesis will evaluate the accuracy of the Tobii Pro Glasses 3, which are wearable eye tracking glasses. A static and dynamic accuracy study will be conducted, utilising a poster and imitating realistic environments. The results will be evaluated using a self-developed sample-wise approach, trying to determine possible differences between static and dynamic conditions while wearing eye tracking glasses. In addition to that, a tool named glassesValidator, used to calculate data quality metrics of eye tracking glasses, will be evaluated on its accuracy and validity itself. In the static accuracy study, participants will focus, in reading order, on nine fixation targets on the poster for at least two seconds while using a chin rest to prevent head movement. In the dynamic accuracy study participants will be walking in a semicircular movement around the poster while focusing only on the central fixation target on the poster. The results for the static and dynamic study will be compared to each other, providing possible influence of different lighting conditions and the usage of contact lenses. The results provided by glassesValidator and the self-developed accuracy approach will also be compared to each other to evaluate and provide possible improvements to increase the accuracy of the tool. Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-85296 CY - Regensburg ER -