<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<export-example>
  <doc>
    <id>5354</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2022</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>conferencepresentation</type>
    <publisherName>Eurosolar</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Control Concepts for a Decentralized Battery Management System Decentralized Battery Management System Global Control Level</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">16th International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES2022), 20 to 22 September 2022, Düsseldorf</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="url">https://www.researchgate.net/publication/363769042_Control_Concepts_for_a_Decentralized_Battery_Management_System_Decentralized_Battery_Management_System_Global_Control_Level</identifier>
    <licence>Keine Lizenz - Es gilt das deutsche Urheberrecht: § 53 UrhG</licence>
    <author>Andrea Reindl</author>
    <author>Lars Eriksson</author>
    <author>Michael Niemetz</author>
    <author>Park Sangyoung</author>
    <author>Hans Meier</author>
    <collection role="institutes" number="FakEI">Fakultät Elektro- und Informationstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="othforschungsschwerpunkt" number="16312">Energie und Mobilität</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">Labor Industrielle Elektronik</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>2672</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2021</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>350</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>355</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>IEEE</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Decentralized Battery Management System with Customized Hardware Components</title>
    <abstract language="eng">With an increasing number of sold electric vehicles (EVs), a large number of used batteries will be at disposal. How to deal with these resources is one of the major challenges in reducing the environmental impact of batteries throughout their entire life cycle. Heterogeneous cell parameters due to the different usage histories are a challenge for second-life use. The effort and cost of remanufacturing required to test and assemble a new battery pack is a further concern. Systems that combine battery packs/modules without full reassembly offer advantages such as cost and reusability. A decentralized battery management system (DBMS) provides a suitable architecture for such systems involving different types of batteries. In this paper, an architecture for a decentralized, battery state-dependent control is shown. The proposed DBMS supports various types of batteries, is scalable and flexibly adaptable for a wide range of applications. Despite the significant advantages, there are increased requirements to meet for the hardware implementation and the applied control strategies. Therefore, the necessary hardware components and their requirements are described and the hardware implementations are provided.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">IEEE 19th Student Conference on Research and Development (SCOReD), Sustainable Engineering and Technology towards Industry Revolution: 23-25 Nov. 2021, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1109/SCOReD53546.2021.9652737</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.import.date">2022-02-04T08:58:18+00:00</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">sword</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.import.user">importuser</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="BegutachtungStatus">peer-reviewed</enrichment>
    <licence>Keine Lizenz - Es gilt das deutsche Urheberrecht: § 53 UrhG</licence>
    <author>Andrea Reindl</author>
    <author>Hans Meier</author>
    <author>Michael Niemetz</author>
    <author>Sangyoung Park</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>battery fitness</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Battery management system</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Battery management systems</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>bidirectional power flow</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Computer architecture</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Costs</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>DC-DC power converters</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>decentralized control</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Electric vehicles</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hardware</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>load sharing</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Microprocessors</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Renewable energy sources</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>second life battery</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="institutes" number="FakEI">Fakultät Elektro- und Informationstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="othforschungsschwerpunkt" number="16312">Energie und Mobilität</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">Labor Datenkommunikation</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">Labor Industrielle Elektronik</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>2679</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2021</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>6</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>IEEE</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Framework to Test DC-DC Converters Developed for a Decentralized Battery Management System</title>
    <abstract language="eng">DC- DC converters control the power flow and thus the power distribution between the components on different voltage levels. They are essential for (dis)charging batteries and influence the safety and stability of the entire battery management system (BMS). Therefore, testing the functionality and the reliability of DC-DC converters is crucial. This is especially true for decentralized battery management systems (DBMS), where multiple nodes communicate to collectively control the system. The used DC-DC converters are modified to parameterize them during operation via microcontroller interfaces. Integrating the communication into the control loop requires an analysis of the control behavior due to additional delays. Therefore, this paper proposes a framework to test DC-DC converters considering the control and communication perspectives. The response time, the control accuracy and stability of these DC-DC converters, e.g., under continuous and abrupt load changes, are measured in automated tests. The dedicated software framework simulates the DBMS and stimulates the hardware components (e.g. electronic loads, data acquisition) via respective interfaces (CAN, RS232). This allows the test of various DC-DC converters with flexibly adaptable load and power generation profiles. An initial application validates the test framework by verifying the aforementioned aspects and thus the applicability of a DC-DC converter within the DBMS.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">2021 International Conference on Applied Electronics (AE): 7-8 Sept. 2021,  Pilsen, Czech Republic</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.23919/AE51540.2021.9542882</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.import.date">2022-02-04T08:58:18+00:00</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">sword</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.import.user">importuser</enrichment>
    <licence>Keine Lizenz - Es gilt das deutsche Urheberrecht: § 53 UrhG</licence>
    <author>Andrea Reindl</author>
    <author>Thomas Singer</author>
    <author>Hans Meier</author>
    <author>Michael Niemetz</author>
    <author>Sangyoung Park</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Batteries</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Battery management system</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Battery management systems</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Control systems</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>DC-DC converter</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>DC-DC power converters</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>decentralized control</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>hardware in the loop testing</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>object oriented programming</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Power system stability</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Python</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Stability analysis</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>system testing</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Time measurement</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="institutes" number="FakEI">Fakultät Elektro- und Informationstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="othforschungsschwerpunkt" number="16312">Energie und Mobilität</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">Labor Datenkommunikation</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">Labor Industrielle Elektronik</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>6532</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2023</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>7</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>University of West Bohemia</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Pilsen</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Control Oriented Mathematical Modeling of a Bidirectional DC-DC Converter - Part 1: Buck Mode</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Parallel connection of different batteries equipped with bidirectional DC-DC converters offers an increase of the total storage capacity, the provision of higher currents and an improvement of reliability and system availability. To share the load current among the DC-DC converters while maintaining the safe operating range of the batteries, appropriate controllers are needed. The basis for the design of these control approaches requires knowledge of both the static and dynamic characteristics of the DC-DC converter used. In this paper, the small signal analysis of a DC-DC converter in buck mode is shown using the circuit averaging technique. The paper gives an overview of all required transfer functions:. The control and line to output transfer functions for CCM and DCM relevant for average current mode control as well as for voltage control are derived and their poles and zeros are determined. This provides the basis for stability consideration, analysis of the overall control structure and controller design.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">28th International Conference on Applied Electronics (AE) 2023, Pilsen, 6-7 September 2023</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="isbn">979-8-3503-3554-5</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1109/AE58099.2023.10274168</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.import.date">2023-10-16T20:23:06+00:00</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">sword</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.import.user">importuser</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="BegutachtungStatus">peer-reviewed</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <licence>Keine Lizenz - Es gilt das deutsche Urheberrecht: § 53 UrhG</licence>
    <author>Andrea Reindl</author>
    <author>Florian Lausser</author>
    <author>Lars Eriksson</author>
    <author>Sangyoung Park</author>
    <author>Michael Niemetz</author>
    <author>Hans Meier</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Analytical models</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Average modeling</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Batteries</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>bidirectional dc-dc converter</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>buck mode</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>circuit-averaging technique</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>continuous conduction mode</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>DC-DC power converters</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>derivation of transfer functions</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>discontinuous conduction mode</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>half-bridge</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Mathematical models</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Reliability</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Signal analysis</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>small signal analysis</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Stability analysis</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="institutes" number="FakEI">Fakultät Elektro- und Informationstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="othforschungsschwerpunkt" number="16311">Digitalisierung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">Labor Datenkommunikation</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">Labor Industrielle Elektronik</collection>
  </doc>
</export-example>
