<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<export-example>
  <doc>
    <id>2557</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2019</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>24</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>19</issue>
    <volume>12</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>MDPI</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Basel</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Filler Effect in Shotcrete</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The effects of fine limestone powder on the early hydration of cementitious systems accelerated by means of alkali-free aluminum sulfate based products, commonly used for shotcrete applications, were investigated in the course of laboratory and real scale tests. In binary (CEM I + limestone) and ternary (CEM I + limestone + slag) systems the addition of fine limestone led to an enhancement of the hydration degree and strength development at early times (&lt;24 h). The formation of ettringite, aluminate hydrates, and C-S-H is affected by the joint action of the setting accelerator and the fine limestone. Accelerator and limestone, in combination with the cement, can be optimized to enhance ettringite and silicate reaction, in some cases coupled with aluminate reaction inhibition, to produce mixes suitable for sprayed concrete applications. Such optimization can help to reduce the cement content in the mixes without compromising the early strength development of the shotcrete.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Materials</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.3390/ma12193221</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.import.date">2022-01-27T15:19:14+00:00</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">sword</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.import.user">importuser</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="BegutachtungStatus">peer-reviewed</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Isabel Galan</author>
    <author>Lukas G. Briendl</author>
    <author>Maria Thumann</author>
    <author>Florian Steindl</author>
    <author>Rudolf Roeck</author>
    <author>Wolfgang Kusterle</author>
    <author>Florian Mittermayr</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>acceleration</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>ACCELERATORS</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>ALKALI-FREE</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>ALUMINUM SULFATE</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>CaCO3</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>CALCIUM-CARBONATE</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>CEMENT HYDRATION</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>EARLY AGE HYDRATION</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>hydration</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>LIMESTONE POWDER</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>mechanical properties</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>PORTLAND-CEMENT</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="institutes" number="FakBau">Fakultät Bauingenieurwesen</collection>
    <collection role="oaweg" number="">Gold Open Access- Erstveröffentlichung in einem/als Open-Access-Medium</collection>
    <collection role="othforschungsschwerpunkt" number="16313">Gebäude und Infrastruktur</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">Labor für Baustoffe</collection>
  </doc>
</export-example>
