<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<export-example>
  <doc>
    <id>313</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2014</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>1</issue>
    <volume>5</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2020-02-18</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">The influence of age, shoe type and kicking direction on the severity of head trauma</title>
    <abstract language="eng">In the last few years, increasingly kicks to the head were observed as a criminal offense. This study examined the&#13;
influence of age, shoe type and kicking direction on the severity of head trauma.&#13;
Male test persons were divided into two groups “Old” and “Young”. Both groups were equipped with light&#13;
sneakers and combat boots. A standard laboratory crash dummy was used to simulate the victim’s body. First, the&#13;
dummy’s head, free floating above the ground, was kicked vertically. Second, the dummy’s head was kicked&#13;
horizontally. Established injury criteria were used to quantify the injury risk.&#13;
No influence concerning the type of foot wear and no difference between the groups “Old” and “Young” could be&#13;
found. For all analyses, kicking vertically generally lead to a higher risk for the subject compared to kicking&#13;
horizontally.&#13;
In this study, only the integral effect of the kicks could be analyzed. A detailed injury pattern cannot directly be&#13;
derived from the data. Nevertheless, the presented data show the massive potential of injuries associated with head&#13;
kicks.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Journal of Forensic Biomechanics</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.4172/2090-2697.1000116</identifier>
    <identifier type="url">https://www.longdom.org/open-access/the-influence-of-age-shoe-type-and-kicking-direction-on-the-severity-of-head-trauma-2090-2697-1000116.pdf</identifier>
    <author>Rainer Penzkofer</author>
    <author>K. Barnsteiner</author>
    <author>Sebastian Dendorfer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Head trauma</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Biomechanics</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Kicks</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>swd</type>
      <value>Kopfverletzung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>swd</type>
      <value>Schädel-Hirn-Trauma</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>swd</type>
      <value>Einflussgröße</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="617">Chirurgie und verwandte medizinische Fachrichtungen</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="FAKMB">Fakultät Maschinenbau</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="RCBE">Regensburg Center of Biomedical Engineering - RCBE</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="dendorferlbm">Dendorfer, Sebastian (Prof. Dr.), Zeitschriftenbeiträge - Labor Biomechanik</collection>
    <collection role="othforschungsschwerpunkt" number="16314">Lebenswissenschaften und Ethik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">Labor Biomechanik (LBM)</collection>
  </doc>
</export-example>
