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    <title language="deu">Forschungsbericht 2016</title>
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    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-13840</identifier>
    <author>Wolfgang Mauerer</author>
    <author>Tanja Rexhepaj</author>
    <author>Gareth J. Monkman</author>
    <author>Dirk Sindersberger</author>
    <author>Andreas Diermeier</author>
    <author>Thomas Neidhart</author>
    <author>Dominik Wolfrum</author>
    <author>Michael Sterner</author>
    <author>Michael Heberl</author>
    <author>Robert Nusko</author>
    <author>Georg Maier</author>
    <author>Klaus Nagl</author>
    <author>Monika Reuter</author>
    <author>Andreas Hofrichter</author>
    <author>Thomas Lex</author>
    <author>Florian Lesch</author>
    <author>Bärbel Kieninger</author>
    <author>Alexander Eduard Szalo</author>
    <author>Alexander Zehner</author>
    <author>Christoph Palm</author>
    <author>Mitchell Joblin</author>
    <author>Sven Apel</author>
    <author>Ralf Ramsauer</author>
    <author>Daniel Lohmann</author>
    <author>Markus Westner</author>
    <author>Artur Strasser</author>
    <author>Maximilian Munndi</author>
    <author>Lena Ebner</author>
    <author>Michael Elsner</author>
    <author>Nils Weiß</author>
    <author>Matthias Segerer</author>
    <author>Rudolf Hackenberg</author>
    <author>Sebastian Steger</author>
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    <author>Sabrina Beiderbeck</author>
    <author>Christian Hook</author>
    <author>Martin Zobel</author>
    <author>Tim Weber</author>
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    <author>Sebastian Dendorfer</author>
    <author>Ingo Schillitz</author>
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    <author>Markus Hamer</author>
    <author>Sonja Haug</author>
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    <author>Christian Rechenauer</author>
    <author>Oliver Steffens</author>
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    <author>Roland Gömmel</author>
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    <author>Raphael Kawasch</author>
    <author>Michael Petzenhauser</author>
    <author>Tobias Probst</author>
    <author>Anton Udalzow</author>
    <author>Florian Dams</author>
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      <title>Forschungsberichte der OTH Regensburg</title>
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    <identifier type="doi">10.35096/othr/pub-1383</identifier>
    <author>Karsten Weber</author>
    <author>Sebastian Dendorfer</author>
    <author>Franz Süß</author>
    <author>Simone Kubowitsch</author>
    <author>Thomas Schratzenstaller</author>
    <author>Sonja Haug</author>
    <author>Christa Mohr</author>
    <author>Hans Kiesl</author>
    <author>Jörg Drechsler</author>
    <author>Markus Westner</author>
    <author>Jörn Kobus</author>
    <author>Martin J. W. Schubert</author>
    <author>Stefan Zenger</author>
    <author>Alexander Pietsch</author>
    <author>Josef Weiß</author>
    <author>Sebastian Hinterseer</author>
    <author>Roland Schieck</author>
    <author>Stefanie Scherzinger</author>
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    <author>Timo Schindler</author>
    <author>Ralf Ramsauer</author>
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    <author>Wolfgang Mauerer</author>
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    <author>Ulrich Briem</author>
    <author>Knut Buschmann</author>
    <author>Ingo Ehrlich</author>
    <author>Christian Pongratz</author>
    <author>Benjamin Pielmeier</author>
    <author>Quirin Tyroller</author>
    <author>Gareth J. Monkman</author>
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    <author>Peter Hausler</author>
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    <author>Yifeng Huang</author>
    <author>Juncong She</author>
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    <author>Walter Rieger</author>
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    <author>Simon Hofer</author>
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    <author>Maximilian Lerch</author>
    <author>Nike Sammer</author>
    <author>Olivia Golde</author>
    <author>Felix Wellnitz</author>
    <author>Sandra Schmid</author>
    <author>Claudia Muntschick</author>
    <author>Wolfgang Kusterle</author>
    <author>Ivan Paric</author>
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    <author>Ottfried Schmidt</author>
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    <author>Hans-Peter Rabl</author>
    <author>Michael Sterner</author>
    <author>Franz Bauer</author>
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    <author>Fabian Eckert</author>
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      <title>Forschungsberichte der OTH Regensburg</title>
      <number>2017</number>
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      <value>Forschung</value>
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      <language>deu</language>
      <type>swd</type>
      <value>Forschungsbericht</value>
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    <id>3683</id>
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    <publishedYear>2021</publishedYear>
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    <title language="eng">The Sound of Silence: Mining Security Vulnerabilities from Secret Integration Channels in Open-Source Projects</title>
    <parentTitle language="deu">MiniDebConf Regensburg (MDC) 2021</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="url">https://gemmei.ftp.acc.umu.se/pub/debian-meetings/2021/MiniDebConf-Regensburg/sound-of-silence.webm</identifier>
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    <author>Ralf Ramsauer</author>
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    <author>Wolfgang Mauerer</author>
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    <id>3691</id>
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    <publishedYear>2017</publishedYear>
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    <title language="eng">Building Mixed Criticality Linux Systems with the Jailhouse Hypervisor</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The partitioning hypervisor Jaihouse allows us to run safety critical and uncritical applications in parallel on a single SoC. We present our experiences when porting a safety and real-time critical existing application as a Jailhouse guest. It shows a novel and promising approach for implementing mixed-criticality applications with real-time requirement while not loosing the benefits of Linux. This is done by static partitioning of hardware resources; guests do not interfere. We will present a multicopter platform running the real-time critical flight stack in an isolated Jailhouse guest. This proves the practicability of Jailhouse as well as the suitability for real-time safety critical systems by porting an existing application to a Jailhouse cell. We stress its concept and show up current hardware limitations, like undesired behaviour and present possible workarounds and solutions.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="deu">Embedded Lunux Conference + OpenIoTSummit, Portland, OR, 21.-23.02.2017</parentTitle>
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    <author>Ralf Ramsauer</author>
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    <title language="eng">The list is our process! An analysis of the kernel’s email-based development process</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Embedded Linux Conference Europe, Lyon 28.10.2019</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="url">https://elinux.org/images/0/09/Pasta-elce19.pdf</identifier>
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    <licence>Keine Lizenz - Es gilt das deutsche Urheberrecht: § 53 UrhG</licence>
    <author>Ralf Ramsauer</author>
    <author>Sebastian Duda</author>
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    <author>Wolfgang Mauerer</author>
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    <publishedYear>2019</publishedYear>
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    <title language="eng">The list is our process: An analysis of the kernel’s email-based development process</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Linux Plumbers Conference, Lisbon September 9, 2019</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="url">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QG1YDQ1HOKE</identifier>
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    <licence>Keine Lizenz - Es gilt das deutsche Urheberrecht: § 53 UrhG</licence>
    <author>Ralf Ramsauer</author>
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    <language>deu</language>
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    <title language="deu">Implementierung gemischt kritischer Systeme durch statische Hardwarepartitionierung</title>
    <parentTitle language="deu">Frühjahrstreffen der Fachgruppen Betriebssysteme, Hannover, 2. März 2018</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="url">https://www.betriebssysteme.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/fgbs18-169.pdf</identifier>
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    <licence>Keine Lizenz - Es gilt das deutsche Urheberrecht: § 53 UrhG</licence>
    <author>Ralf Ramsauer</author>
    <author>Jan Kiszka</author>
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    <author>Wolfgang Mauerer</author>
    <collection role="institutes" number="FakIM">Fakultät Informatik und Mathematik</collection>
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    <title language="eng">Spectre and Meltdown vs. Real-Time: How Much do Mitigations Cost?</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Embedded Linux Conference Europe 2018, October 22 - 24, 2018, Edinburgh, UK</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="url">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nqU4j2M_Ul4</identifier>
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    <title language="eng">Quantifying Upstream Integration with PaStA</title>
    <parentTitle language="deu">LTSI Workshop @ ELC17</parentTitle>
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    <licence>Keine Lizenz - Es gilt das deutsche Urheberrecht: § 53 UrhG</licence>
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    <title language="deu">Fork à la carte für In-Memory-Datenbanken</title>
    <parentTitle language="deu">Frühjahrstreffen der Fachgruppen Betriebssysteme, Hamburg, 17. März 2022</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="url">https://www.lfdr.de/Publications/2022/FGBS_Spring22_Mintel.pdf</identifier>
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    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <licence>Keine Lizenz - Es gilt das deutsche Urheberrecht: § 53 UrhG</licence>
    <author>Mario Mintel</author>
    <author>Ralf Ramsauer</author>
    <author>Daniel Lohmann</author>
    <author>Stefanie Scherzinger</author>
    <author>Wolfgang Mauerer</author>
    <collection role="institutes" number="FakIM">Fakultät Informatik und Mathematik</collection>
    <collection role="othforschungsschwerpunkt" number="16311">Digitalisierung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">Labor für Digitalisierung (LFD)</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>5758</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2017</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>conferencepresentation</type>
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    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">The Many Approaches to Real-Time and Safety-Critical Linux</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Open Source Summit Japan 2017</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="url">http://events17.linuxfoundation.org/sites/events/files/slides/talk_10.pdf</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <licence>Keine Lizenz - Es gilt das deutsche Urheberrecht: § 53 UrhG</licence>
    <author>Wolfgang Mauerer</author>
    <author>Ralf Ramsauer</author>
    <author>Andreas Kölbl</author>
    <collection role="institutes" number="FakIM">Fakultät Informatik und Mathematik</collection>
    <collection role="othforschungsschwerpunkt" number="16311">Digitalisierung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="RCAI">Regensburg Center for Artificial Intelligence - RCAI</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>2698</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2019</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>807</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>818</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>IEEE</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">The List is the Process: Reliable Pre-Integration Tracking of Commits on Mailing Lists</title>
    <abstract language="eng">A considerable corpus of research on software evolution focuses on mining changes in software repositories, but omits their pre-integration history. We present a novel method for tracking this otherwise invisible evolution of software changes on mailing lists by connecting all early revisions of changes to their final version in repositories. Since artefact modifications on mailing lists are communicated by updates to fragments (i.e., patches) only, identifying semantically similar changes is a non-trivial task that our approach solves in a language-independent way. We evaluate our method on high-profile open source software (OSS) projects like the Linux kernel, and validate its high accuracy using an elaborately created ground truth. Our approach can be used to quantify properties of OSS development processes, which is an essential requirement for using OSS in reliable or safety-critical industrial products, where certifiability and conformance to processes are crucial. The high accuracy of our technique allows, to the best of our knowledge, for the first time to quantitatively determine if an open development process effectively aligns with given formal process requirements.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">2019 IEEE/ACM 41st International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE), 25-31 May 2019, Montreal, QC, Canada</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1109/ICSE.2019.00088</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.import.date">2022-02-04T08:58:18+00:00</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">sword</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.import.user">importuser</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="BegutachtungStatus">peer-reviewed</enrichment>
    <licence>Keine Lizenz - Es gilt das deutsche Urheberrecht: § 53 UrhG</licence>
    <author>Ralf Ramsauer</author>
    <author>Daniel Lohmann</author>
    <author>Wolfgang Mauerer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>commits</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Data mining</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Electronic mail</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Linux</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>mailing lists</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>mining software repositories</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Open source software</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>patches</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Software engineering</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Software maintenance</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Software reliability</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="institutes" number="FakIM">Fakultät Informatik und Mathematik</collection>
    <collection role="othforschungsschwerpunkt" number="16311">Digitalisierung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">Labor für Digitalisierung (LFD)</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>3480</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2021</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst>397</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>421</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>Gesellschaft für Informatik</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Silentium! Run-Analyse-Eradicate the Noise out of the DB/OS Stack</title>
    <abstract language="eng">When multiple tenants compete for resources, database performance tends to suffer. Yet there are scenarios where guaranteed sub-millisecond latencies are crucial, such as in real-time data processing, IoT devices, or when operating in safety-critical environments. In this paper, we study how to make query latencies deterministic in the face of noise (whether caused by other tenants or unrelated operating system tasks). We perform controlled experiments with an in-memory database engine in a multi-tenant setting, where we successively eradicate noisy interference from within the system software stack, to the point where the engine runs close to bare-metal on the underlying hardware. We show that we can achieve query latencies comparable to the database engine running as the sole tenant, but without noticeably impacting the workload of competing tenants. We discuss these results in the context of ongoing efforts to build custom operating systems for database workloads, and point out that for certain use cases, the margin for improvement is rather narrow. In fact, for scenarios like ours, existing operating systems might just be good enough, provided that they are expertly configured. We then critically discuss these findings in the light of a broader family of database systems (e.g., including disk-based), and how to extend the approach of this paper accordingly.&#13;
Low-latency databases; tail latency; real-time databases; bounded-time query processing;&#13;
DB-OS co-engineering</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="deu">Datenbanksysteme für Business, Technologie und Web (BTW 2021): 13.-17. September 2021, Dresden, Deutschland</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.18420/btw2021-21</identifier>
    <identifier type="handle">https://dl.gi.de/handle/20.500.12116/35805</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.import.date">2022-04-10T09:34:41+00:00</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">sword</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.import.user">importuser</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="OtherSeries">GI-Edition. Proceedings ; 311</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY-NC - Namensnennung - Nicht kommerziell 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Wolfgang Mauerer</author>
    <author>Ralf Ramsauer</author>
    <author>Edson R. F. Lucas</author>
    <author>Stefanie Scherzinger</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>bounded-time query processing</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>DB-OS co-engineering</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Low-latency databases</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>real-time databases</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>tail latency</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="institutes" number="FakIM">Fakultät Informatik und Mathematik</collection>
    <collection role="othforschungsschwerpunkt" number="16311">Digitalisierung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">Labor für Digitalisierung (LFD)</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>2408</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2022</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>preprint</type>
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    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Static Hardware Partitioning on RISC-V - Shortcomings, Limitations, and Prospects</title>
    <abstract language="eng">On embedded processors that are increasingly equipped with multiple CPU cores, static hardware partitioning is an established means of consolidating and isolating workloads onto single chips. This architectural pattern is suitable for mixed-criticality workloads that need to satisfy both, real-time and safety requirements, given suitable hardware properties. In this work, we focus on exploiting contemporary virtualisation mechanisms to achieve freedom from interference respectively isolation between workloads. Possibilities to achieve temporal and spatial isolation-while maintaining real-time capabilities-include statically partitioning resources, avoiding the sharing of devices, and ascertaining zero interventions of superordinate control structures. This eliminates overhead due to hardware partitioning, but implies certain hardware capabilities that are not yet fully implemented in contemporary standard systems. To address such hardware limitations, the customisable and configurable RISC-V instruction set architecture offers the possibility of swift, unrestricted modifications. We present findings on the current RISC-V specification and its implementations that necessitate interventions of superordinate control structures. We identify numerous issues adverse to implementing our goal of achieving zero interventions respectively zero overhead: On the design level, and especially with regards to handling interrupts. Based on micro-benchmark measurements, we discuss the implications of our findings, and argue how they can provide a basis for future extensions and improvements of the RISC-V architecture.</abstract>
    <identifier type="doi">10.48550/arXiv.2208.02703</identifier>
    <identifier type="arxiv">arXiv:2208.02703v1</identifier>
    <enrichment key="ConferenceStatement">IEEE 8th World Forum on the Internet of Things (WF-IoT), Nov. 03 - 18, 2022, Yokohama, Japan</enrichment>
    <licence>Keine Lizenz - Es gilt das deutsche Urheberrecht: § 53 UrhG</licence>
    <author>Ralf Ramsauer</author>
    <author>Stefan Huber</author>
    <author>Konrad Schwarz</author>
    <author>Jan Kiszka</author>
    <author>Wolfgang Mauerer</author>
    <collection role="institutes" number="FakIM">Fakultät Informatik und Mathematik</collection>
    <collection role="othforschungsschwerpunkt" number="16311">Digitalisierung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">Labor für Digitalisierung (LFD)</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>3465</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2022</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>119</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>134</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>Springer</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Cham, Switzerland</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Tell-Tale Tail Latencies: Pitfalls and Perils in Database Benchmarking</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The performance of database systems is usually characterised by their average-case (i.e., throughput) behaviour in standardised or de-facto standard benchmarks like TPC-X or YCSB. While tails of the latency (i.e., response time) distribution receive considerably less attention, they have been identified as a threat to the overall system performance: In large-scale systems, even a fraction of requests delayed can build up into delays perceivable by end users. To eradicate large tail latencies from database systems, the ability to faithfully record them, and likewise pinpoint them to the root causes, is imminently required. In this paper, we address the challenge of measuring tail latencies using standard benchmarks, and identify subtle perils and pitfalls. In particular, we demonstrate how Java-based benchmarking approaches can substantially distort tail latency observations, and discuss how the discovery of such problems is inhibited by the common focus on throughput performance. We make a case for purposefully re-designing database benchmarking harnesses based on these observations to arrive at faithful characterisations of database performance from multiple important angles.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Performance evaluation and benchmarking, 13th TPC Technology Conference (TPCTC 2021): Copenhagen, Denmark, August 20, 2021, Revised Selected Papers</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="isbn">9783030944377</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1007/978-3-030-94437-7_8</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.import.date">2022-04-10T09:34:41+00:00</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">sword</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.import.user">importuser</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="BegutachtungStatus">peer-reviewed</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="OtherSeries">Lecture Notes in Computer Science; vol 13169</enrichment>
    <licence>Keine Lizenz - Es gilt das deutsche Urheberrecht: § 53 UrhG</licence>
    <author>Michael Fruth</author>
    <author>Stefanie Scherzinger</author>
    <author>Wolfgang Mauerer</author>
    <author>Ralf Ramsauer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Benchmark harness</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Database benchmarks</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Tail latencies</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="institutes" number="FakIM">Fakultät Informatik und Mathematik</collection>
    <collection role="othforschungsschwerpunkt" number="16311">Digitalisierung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">Labor für Digitalisierung (LFD)</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>3673</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2020</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>121</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>128</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>Springer International Publishing</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Cham</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">A Novel Software Architecture for Mixed Criticality Systems</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The advent of multi-core CPUs in nearly all embedded markets has prompted an architectural trend towards combining safety critical and uncritical software on single hardware units. We present a novel architecture for mixed criticality systems based on Linux that allows us to consolidate critical and uncritical parts onto a single hardware unit. CPU virtualisation extensions enable strict and static partitioning of hardware by direct assignment of resources, which allows us to boot additional operating systems or bare metal applications running aside Linux. The hypervisor Jailhouse is at the core of the architecture and ensures that the resulting domains may serve workloads of different criticality and can not interfere in an unintended way. This retains Linux’s feature-richness in uncritical parts, while frugal safety and real-time critical applications execute in isolated domains. Architectural simplicity is a central aspect of our approach and a precondition for reliable implementability and successful certification. While standard virtualisation extensions provided by current hardware seem to suffice for a straight forward implementation of our approach, there are a number of further limitations that need to be worked around. This paper discusses the arising issues, and evaluates the suitability of our approach for real-world safety and real-time critical scenarios.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Digital Transformation in Semiconductor Manufacturing: Proceedings of the 1st and 2nd European Advances in Digital Transformation Conference, EADTC 2018, Zittau, Germany and EADTC 2019, Milan, Italy</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1007/978-3-030-48602-0_11</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.import.date">2022-04-28T11:11:46+00:00</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">sword</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.import.user">importuser</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="OtherSeries">Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering ; 670</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="BegutachtungStatus">peer-reviewed</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Ralf Ramsauer</author>
    <author>Jan Kiszka</author>
    <author>Wolfgang Mauerer</author>
    <collection role="institutes" number="FakIM">Fakultät Informatik und Mathematik</collection>
    <collection role="oaweg" number="">Gold Open Access- Erstveröffentlichung in einem/als Open-Access-Medium</collection>
    <collection role="othforschungsschwerpunkt" number="16311">Digitalisierung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">Labor für Digitalisierung (LFD)</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>3677</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2017</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Look Mum, no VM Exits! (Almost)</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Multi-core CPUs are a standard component in many modern embedded systems. Their virtualisation extensions enable the isolation of services, and gain popularity to implement mixed-criticality or otherwise split systems. We present Jailhouse, a Linux-based, OS-agnostic partitioning hypervisor that uses novel architectural approaches to combine Linux, a powerful general-purpose system, with strictly isolated special-purpose components. Our design goals favour simplicity over features, establish a minimal code base, and minimise hypervisor activity. Direct assignment of hardware to guests, together with a deferred initialisation scheme, offloads any complex hardware handling and bootstrapping issues from the hypervisor to the general purpose OS. The hypervisor establishes isolated domains that directly access physical resources without the need for emulation or paravirtualisation. This retains, with negligible system overhead, Linux's feature-richness in uncritical parts, while frugal safety and real-time critical workloads execute in isolated, safe domains.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Proceedings of the 13th Annual Workshop on Operating Systems Platforms for Embedded Real-Time Applications (OSPERT '17)</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.48550/arXiv.1705.06932</identifier>
    <identifier type="url">https://ospert2017.uni.lu/</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.import.date">2022-04-28T11:11:46+00:00</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">sword</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.import.user">importuser</enrichment>
    <licence>Keine Lizenz - Es gilt das deutsche Urheberrecht: § 53 UrhG</licence>
    <author>Ralf Ramsauer</author>
    <author>Jan Kiszka</author>
    <author>Daniel Lohmann</author>
    <author>Wolfgang Mauerer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>FOS: Computer and information sciences</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Operating Systems (cs.OS)</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="institutes" number="FakIM">Fakultät Informatik und Mathematik</collection>
    <collection role="othforschungsschwerpunkt" number="16311">Digitalisierung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">Labor für Digitalisierung (LFD)</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>3679</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2017</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>175</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>178</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>IEEE</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Towards Architect’s Activity Detection through a Common Model for Project Pattern Analysis</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Software development projects leave a large amount of data in repositories of Application Lifecycle Management (ALM) tools. These data contain detailed histories of their respective projects, their results and decisions made along the way. Analysis of such data helps uncover various interesting facts about projects, e.g. their socio-technical structures and the actual (vs. purported) roles of team members. Based on experiences with tools supporting our research we are convinced that it is feasible to consolidate data from different ALM tools, tapping into the situation common in real-life projects. In this paper we report on our work towards a shared common data model and tool integration aimed at improved project analysis. We discuss how this can help in the identification of architects in the project organizational structures, their activity patterns and collaboration with other team roles.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">First International Workshop on the Social and Organization Dimensions of Software, 5-7 April 2017, Gothenburg, Sweden</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1109/ICSAW.2017.46</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.import.date">2022-04-28T11:11:46+00:00</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">sword</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.import.user">importuser</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="BegutachtungStatus">peer-reviewed</enrichment>
    <licence>Keine Lizenz - Es gilt das deutsche Urheberrecht: § 53 UrhG</licence>
    <author>Petr Picha</author>
    <author>Premek Brada</author>
    <author>Ralf Ramsauer</author>
    <author>Wolfgang Mauerer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>data analysis</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Data Models</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>project management</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Software Architecture</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>software tools</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>team working</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="institutes" number="FakIM">Fakultät Informatik und Mathematik</collection>
    <collection role="othforschungsschwerpunkt" number="16311">Digitalisierung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">Labor für Digitalisierung (LFD)</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>3680</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2016</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>4</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>ACM</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>New York</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Observing Custom Software Modifications: A Quantitative Approach of Tracking the Evolution of Patch Stacks</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Modifications to open-source software (OSS) are often provided in the form of "patch stacks" -- sets of changes (patches) that modify a given body of source code. Maintaining patch stacks over extended periods of time is problematic when the underlying base project changes frequently. This necessitates a continuous and engineering-intensive adaptation of the stack. Nonetheless, long-term maintenance is an important problem for changes that are not integrated into projects, for instance when they are controversial or only of value to a limited group of users.&#13;
&#13;
We present and implement a methodology to systematically examine the temporal evolution of patch stacks, track non-functional properties like integrability and maintainability, and estimate the eventual economic and engineering effort required to successfully develop and maintain patch stacks. Our results provide a basis for quantitative research on patch stacks, including statistical analyses and other methods that lead to actionable advice on the construction and long-term maintenance of custom extensions to OSS.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Proceedings of the 12th International Symposium on Open Collaboration (OpenSym '16)</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1145/2957792.2957810</identifier>
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    <author>Wolfgang Mauerer</author>
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      <value>CADOS</value>
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      <language>eng</language>
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    <subject>
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      <value>maintenance</value>
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      <language>eng</language>
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      <value>patch stacks</value>
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    <title language="eng">Torturing Git for Fun and Profit</title>
    <abstract language="deu">In diesem Talk blicken Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Mauerer und Ralf Ramsauer unter die Haube des verteilten Versionskontrollsystems Git. Neben einer genauen Beschreibung der Strukturen und Plumbing APIs, mit denen Git intern Commits erzeugt und verknüpft, gehen die Vortragenden auch auf nützliche Features und Standards ein, welche die Kollaborition in großen Open-Source Projekten erleichtern.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="deu">Microsoft Developer Meetup Regensburg 02.04.2019</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="url">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CrUwmO4tvLI</identifier>
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    <author>Wolfgang Mauerer</author>
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    <title language="eng">The Sound of Silence : Mining Security Vulnerabilities from Secret Integration Channels in Open-Source Projects</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Public development processes are a key characteristic of open source projects. However, fixes for vulnerabilities are usually discussed privately among a small group of trusted maintainers, and integrated without prior public involvement. This is supposed to prevent early disclosure, and cope with embargo and non-disclosure agreement (NDA) rules. While regular development activities leave publicly available traces, fixes for vulnerabilities that bypass the standard process do not.&#13;
&#13;
We present a data-mining based approach to detect code fragments that arise from such infringements of the standard process. By systematically mapping public development artefacts to source code repositories, we can exclude regular process activities, and infer irregularities that stem from non-public integration channels. For the Linux kernel, the most crucial component of many systems, we apply our method to a period of seven months before the release of Linux 5.4. We find 29 commits that address 12 vulnerabilities. For these vulnerabilities, our approach provides a temporal advantage of 2 to 179 days to design exploits before public disclosure takes place, and fixes are rolled out.&#13;
&#13;
Established responsible disclosure approaches in open development processes are supposed to limit premature visibility of security vulnerabilities. However, our approach shows that, instead, they open additional possibilities to uncover such changes that thwart the very premise. We conclude by discussing implications and partial countermeasures.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Proceedings of the 2020 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Cloud Computing Security Workshop: 09.11.2020, virtual event</parentTitle>
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    <title language="eng">System Software for Manufacturing Systems</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Proc. First European Advances in Digital Transformation Conference, (2018)</parentTitle>
    <author>Ralf Ramsauer</author>
    <author>Daniel Lohmann</author>
    <author>Wolfgang Mauerer</author>
    <collection role="institutes" number="FakIM">Fakultät Informatik und Mathematik</collection>
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  <doc>
    <id>789</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2019</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber>72</pageNumber>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
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    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace>Regensburg</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation>Ostbayerische Technische Hochschule Regensburg</creatingCorporation>
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    <completedDate>2019-06-30</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
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    <title language="deu">Forschung 2019</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Bericht mit Forschungsprojekten aus verschiedenen Bereichen der OTH Regensburg mit dem Schwerpunktthema "Künstliche Intelligenz" und einem Gespräch zur "Medizin der Zukunft"</abstract>
    <subTitle language="deu">Thema: Künstliche Intelligenz</subTitle>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-3-9818209-7-3</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-7890</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.35096/othr/pub-789</identifier>
    <licence>Keine Lizenz - Es gilt das deutsche Urheberrecht: § 53 UrhG</licence>
    <author>Marie-Luise Appelhans</author>
    <author>Matthias Kampmann</author>
    <author>Jürgen Mottok</author>
    <author>Michael Riederer</author>
    <author>Klaus Nagl</author>
    <author>Oliver Steffens</author>
    <author>Jan Dünnweber</author>
    <author>Markus Wildgruber</author>
    <author>Julius Roth</author>
    <author>Timo Stadler</author>
    <author>Christoph Palm</author>
    <author>Martin Georg Weiß</author>
    <author>Sandra Rochholz</author>
    <author>Rudolf Bierl</author>
    <author>Andreas Gschossmann</author>
    <author>Sonja Haug</author>
    <author>Simon Schmidbauer</author>
    <author>Anna Koch</author>
    <author>Markus Westner</author>
    <author>Benedikt von Bary</author>
    <author>Andreas Ellermeier</author>
    <author>Daniel Vögele</author>
    <author>Frederik Maiwald</author>
    <author>Stefan Hierl</author>
    <author>Matthias Schlamp</author>
    <author>Ingo Ehrlich</author>
    <author>Marco Siegl</author>
    <author>Sven Hüntelmann</author>
    <author>Matthias Wildfeuer</author>
    <author>Oliver Brückl</author>
    <author>Michael Sterner</author>
    <author>Andreas Hofrichter</author>
    <author>Fabian Eckert</author>
    <author>Franz Bauer</author>
    <author>Belal Dawoud</author>
    <author>Hans-Peter Rabl</author>
    <author>Bernd Gamisch</author>
    <author>Ottfried Schmidt</author>
    <author>Michael Heberl</author>
    <author>Martin Thema</author>
    <author>Ulrike Mayer</author>
    <author>Johannes Eller</author>
    <author>Thomas Sippenauer</author>
    <author>Christian Adelt</author>
    <author>Matthias Haslbeck</author>
    <author>Bettina Vogl</author>
    <author>Wolfgang Mauerer</author>
    <author>Ralf Ramsauer</author>
    <author>Daniel Lohmann</author>
    <author>Irmengard Sax</author>
    <author>Thomas Gabor</author>
    <author>Sebastian Feld</author>
    <author>Claudia Linnhoff-Popien</author>
    <author>Robert Damian Ławrowski</author>
    <author>Christoph Langer</author>
    <author>Rupert Schreiner</author>
    <author>Josef Sellmair</author>
    <series>
      <title>Forschungsberichte der OTH Regensburg</title>
      <number>2019</number>
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      <type>swd</type>
      <value>Forschung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>swd</type>
      <value>Forschungsbericht</value>
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    <subject>
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      <type>swd</type>
      <value>Künstliche Intelligenz</value>
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    <collection role="ddc" number="0">Informatik, Informationswissenschaft, allgemeine Werke</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="HL">Hochschulleitung/Hochschulverwaltung</collection>
    <collection role="othpublikationsherkunft" number="">Von der OTH Regensburg herausgegeben</collection>
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    <collection role="persons" number="sternerfenes">Sterner, Michael (Prof. Dr.) - FENES / Forschungsgruppe Energiespeicher</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="bruecklfenes">Brückl, Oliver (Prof. Dr.) - FENES / Forschungsgruppe Energienetze</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Ostbayerische Technische Hochschule Regensburg</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-oth-regensburg/files/789/Forschungsbericht_2019.pdf</file>
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    <publisherPlace>Edinburgh, Scotland</publisherPlace>
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    <title language="eng">Reliable Pre-Integration Tracking of Commits on Mailing Lists</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Invited Talk at Safety Summit at Embedded Linux Conference Europe (ELCE18)</parentTitle>
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    <author>Ralf Ramsauer</author>
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    <author>Wolfgang Mauerer</author>
    <collection role="institutes" number="FakIM">Fakultät Informatik und Mathematik</collection>
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    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber>6</pageNumber>
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    <title language="eng">Towards System-Level Quantum-Accelerator Integration</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Quantum computers are often treated as experimental add-ons that are loosely coupled to classical infrastructure through high-level interpreted languages and cloud-like orchestration. However, future deployments in both, high-performance computing (HPC) and embedded environments, will demand tighter integration for lower latencies, stronger determinism, and architectural consistency, as well as to implement error correction and other tasks that require tight quantum-classical interaction as generically as possible.&#13;
We propose a vertically integrated quantum systems architecture that treats quantum accelerators and processing units as peripheral system components. A central element is the Quantum Abstraction Layer (QAL) at operating system kernel level. It aims at real-time, low-latency, and high-throughput interaction between quantum and classical resources, as well as robust low-level quantum operations scheduling and generic resource management. It can serve as blueprint for orchestration of low-level computational components "around" a QPU (and inside a quantum computer), and across different modalities.&#13;
We present first results towards such an integrated architecture, including a virtual QPU model based on QEMU. The architecture is validated through functional emulation on three base architectures (x86_64, ARM64, and RISC-V), and timing-accurate FPGA-based simulations. This allows for a realistic evaluation of hybrid system performance and quantum advantage scenarios. Our work lays the ground for a system-level co-design methodology tailored for the next generation of quantum-classical computing.</abstract>
    <identifier type="doi">10.48550/arXiv.2507.19212</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.import.date">2026-03-30T12:30:30+00:00</enrichment>
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    <author>Ralf Ramsauer</author>
    <author>Wolfgang Mauerer</author>
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    <collection role="institutes" number="">Labor für Digitalisierung (LFD)</collection>
    <collection role="DFGFachsystematik" number="1">Ingenieurwissenschaften</collection>
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    <title language="eng">Towards Real-World System-Level Integration of Quantum Accelerators: A Hardware/Software Co-Design Approach</title>
    <abstract language="eng">This work-in-progress explores architectural and systemic foundations for integrating quantum accelerators into heterogeneous computing environments. We propose and implement a modular architecture where Quantum Processing Units (QPUs) operate as peripheral devices, supporting pulse-level control interfaces and high-level circuit execution offloading, while internally managing compilation, transpilation, and scheduling. To enable efficient quantum-classical orchestration, we introduce a Quantum Abstraction Layer (QAL) at the operating system level to enable seamless communication, resource management, and integration with existing software frameworks. Our two-step design approach begins with validating the architecture through simulations in virtualised environments. We then implement an FPGA-based surrogate supporting both result- and timing-accurate modes, enabling full-stack emulation and performance evaluation in the absence of physical quantum hardware. This platform supports extensible and rapid prototyping, Hardware/Software Co-Design, and allows for investigations on the practical quantum advantage under realistic system-level constraints of various use cases. We aim for applicability by hardware vendors, facilitating early development even before physical quantum processors are available.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">INFORMATIK; Lecture Notes in Informatics (LNI);  GI Quantum Computing Workshop. Potsdam. 16.–19. September 2025</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.18420/inf2025_158</identifier>
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    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY-SA - Namensnennung - Weitergabe unter gleichen Bedingungen 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Ralf Ramsauer</author>
    <author>Benno Bielmeier</author>
    <author>Wolfgang Mauerer</author>
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    <title language="eng">From Tracepoints to Timeliness: a Semi-Markov Framework for Predictive Runtime Analysis</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Detecting and resolving violations of temporal constraints in real-time systems is both, time-consuming and resource-intensive, particularly in complex software environments. Measurement-based approaches are widely used during development, but often are unable to deliver reliable predictions with limited data. This paper presents a hybrid method for worst-case execution time estimation, combining lightweight runtime tracing with probabilistic modelling. Timestamped system events are used to construct a semi-Markov chain, where transitions represent empirically observed timing between events. Execution duration is interpreted as time-to-absorption in the semi-Markov chain, enabling worst-case execution time estimation with fewer assumptions and reduced overhead. Empirical results from real-time Linux systems indicate that the method captures both regular and extreme timing behaviours accurately, even from short observation periods. The model supports holistic, low-intrusion analysis across system layers and remains interpretable and adaptable for practical use.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">IEEE 31th International Conference on Embedded and Real-Time Computing Systems and Applications (RTCSA), 20-22 August 2025, Singapore</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1109/RTCSA66114.2025.00021</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.import.date">2026-03-30T12:30:30+00:00</enrichment>
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    <author>Benno Bielmeier</author>
    <author>Ralf Ramsauer</author>
    <author>Takahiro Yoshida</author>
    <author>Wolfgang Mauerer</author>
    <collection role="institutes" number="FakIM">Fakultät Informatik und Mathematik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">Labor für Digitalisierung (LFD)</collection>
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