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  <doc>
    <id>7938</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2024</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber>20</pageNumber>
    <edition/>
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    <volume/>
    <type>preprint</type>
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    <title language="eng">Out of the Loop: Structural Approximation of Optimisation Landscapes and non-Iterative Quantum Optimisation</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The Quantum Approximate Optimisation Algorithm (qaoa) is a widely studied quantum-classical iterative heuristic for combinatorial optimisation. While qaoa targets problems in complexity class NP, the classical optimisation procedure required in every iteration is itself known to be NP-hard. Still, advantage over classical approaches is suspected for certain scenarios, but nature and origin of its computational power are not yet satisfactorily understood. By introducing means of efficiently and accurately approximating the qaoa optimisation landscape from solution space structures, we derive a new algorithmic variant: Instead of performing an iterative quantum-classical computation for each input instance, our non-iterative method is based on a quantum circuit that is instance-independent, but problem-specific. It matches or outperforms unit-depth qaoa for key combinatorial problems, despite reduced computational effort. Our approach is based on proving a long-standing conjecture regarding instance-independent structures in qaoa. By ensuring generality, we link existing empirical observations on qaoa parameter clustering to established approaches in theoretical computer science, and provide a sound foundation for understanding the link between structural properties of solution spaces and quantum optimisation.</abstract>
    <identifier type="arxiv">2408.06493</identifier>
    <note>er Aufsatz wurde peer-reviewed veröffentlicht und ist ebenfalls in diesem Repositorium verzeichnet unter: https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-oth-regensburg/frontdoor/index/index/start/3/rows/10/sortfield/score/sortorder/desc/searchtype/simple/query/out+of+the+loop/docId/8843</note>
    <enrichment key="opus.import.date">2025-01-24T17:34:31+00:00</enrichment>
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    <licence>Keine Lizenz - Es gilt das deutsche Urheberrecht: § 53 UrhG</licence>
    <author>Tom Krüger</author>
    <author>Wolfgang Mauerer</author>
    <collection role="institutes" number="FakIM">Fakultät Informatik und Mathematik</collection>
    <collection role="othforschungsschwerpunkt" number="16311">Digitalisierung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">Labor für Digitalisierung (LFD)</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>7907</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2024</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber>44</pageNumber>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>preprint</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Kvc-Ongoing: Keystroke Verification Challenge</title>
    <abstract language="eng">This article presents the Keystroke Verification Challenge - onGoing (KVC-onGoing), on which researchers can easily benchmark their systems in a common platform using large-scale public databases, the Aalto University Keystroke databases, and a standard experimental protocol. The keystroke data consist of tweet-long sequences of variable transcript text from over 185,000 subjects, acquired through desktop and mobile keyboards simulating real-life conditions. The results on the evaluation set of KVC-onGoing have proved the high discriminative power of keystroke dynamics, reaching values as low as 3.33% of Equal Error Rate (EER) and 11.96% of False Non-Match Rate (FNMR) @1% False Match Rate (FMR) in the desktop scenario, and 3.61% of EER and 17.44% of FNMR @1% at FMR in the mobile scenario, significantly improving previous state-of-the-art results. Concerning demographic fairness, the analyzed scores reflect the subjects’ age and gender to various extents, not negligible in a few cases. The framework runs on CodaLab.</abstract>
    <identifier type="doi">10.2139/ssrn.4743934</identifier>
    <identifier type="arxiv">2311.06000</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.import.date">2025-01-20T09:16:32+00:00</enrichment>
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    <licence>Keine Lizenz - Es gilt das deutsche Urheberrecht: § 53 UrhG</licence>
    <author>Giuseppe Stragapede</author>
    <author>Ruben Vera-Rodriguez</author>
    <author>Ruben Tolosana</author>
    <author>Aythami Morales</author>
    <author>Ivan DeAndres-Tame</author>
    <author>Naser Damer</author>
    <author>Julian Fierrez</author>
    <author>Javier Ortega-Garcia</author>
    <author>Alejandro Acien</author>
    <author>Nahuel González</author>
    <author>Andrei Shadrikov</author>
    <author>Dmitrii Gordin</author>
    <author>Leon Schmitt</author>
    <author>Daniel Wimmer</author>
    <author>Christoph Großmann</author>
    <author>Joerdis Krieger</author>
    <author>Florian Heinz</author>
    <author>Ron Krestel</author>
    <author>Christoffer Mayer</author>
    <author>Simon Haberl</author>
    <author>Helena Gschrey</author>
    <author>Yosuke Yamagishi</author>
    <author>Sanjay Saha</author>
    <author>Sanka Rasnayaka</author>
    <author>Sandareka Wickramanayake</author>
    <author>Terence Sim</author>
    <author>Weronika Gutfeter</author>
    <author>Adam Baran</author>
    <author>Mateusz Krzyszton</author>
    <author>Przemysław Jaskóła</author>
    <collection role="institutes" number="FakIM">Fakultät Informatik und Mathematik</collection>
    <collection role="othforschungsschwerpunkt" number="16311">Digitalisierung</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>7909</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2024</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>preprint</type>
    <publisherName>OSFPreprints</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Underreliance Harms Human-AI Collaboration More Than Overreliance in Medical Imaging</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Importance: The use of artificial intelligence (AI) to support clinicians in diagnostic decision-making holds significant potential; however, evidence regarding its clinical utility remains mixed. In many cases, the interaction between healthcare professionals and AI systems does not improve collaborative performance compared to the standalone performance of humans or AI. Currently, the underlying mechanisms that limit human-AI collaboration are poorly understood. Objective: To examine the impact of AI advice on diagnostic decision-making among experts and novices, focusing on understanding the role of explainability (XAI) on users’ reliance on advice. Design, Setting, and Participants: A mixed-methods design combining a crossover experimental design with a think-aloud and an eye-tracking study arm was conducted in 2023. Participants were task experts (radiologists) and novices (non-radiologist physicians and medical trainees) from 10 countries, with the think-aloud and eye-tracking conducted in Germany. Intervention: Participants reviewed 50 patient cases containing head CT scans and patient information. Every case was reviewed in three time-separate sessions in randomized order. In each session, participants were exposed to a different experimental condition: (a) control, i.e., no AI prediction presented; (b) basic advice, i.e., AI prediction without annotations; and (c) XAI advice, i.e., AI prediction with annotations. For each case, participants had to determine if the patients had an intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), rate their confidence, and, if applicable, the usefulness of the AI advice. Main Outcome(s) and Measure(s): Diagnostic performance, confidence in the diagnosis, case reading time, and AI advice usefulness ratings. Results: The data analysis included 125 participants. The mean age was 28.5 years (SD = 6.72), and 55.2% identified as female. Underreliance on correct AI advice was associated with high uncertainty and had a more detrimental impact on diagnostic performance than overreliance on incorrect advice. XAI advice reduced underreliance and improved performance and confidence, particularly when reviewing more difficult cases with ICH. AI advice, particularly XAI, did not reduce reading time. XAI was perceived as more useful than basic AI advice, especially among novices. Conclusions and Relevance: Our findings indicate that underreliance on AI might be more harmful than overreliance, highlighting the need to develop efficient counterstrategies beyond current XAI methods.</abstract>
    <identifier type="doi">10.31219/osf.io/4wv8j</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.import.date">2025-01-20T09:16:32+00:00</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">sword</enrichment>
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    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Susanne Gaube</author>
    <author>Ekaterina Jussupow</author>
    <author>Eesha Kokje</author>
    <author>Jowaria Khan</author>
    <author>Elizabeth Bondi-Kelly</author>
    <author>Andreas Schicho</author>
    <author>Felipe Campos Kitamura</author>
    <author>Timo Kevin Koch</author>
    <author>Timur Ezer</author>
    <author>Jürgen Mottok</author>
    <author>Eva Lermer</author>
    <author>Marzyeh Ghassemi</author>
    <author>Errol Colak</author>
    <collection role="institutes" number="FakEI">Fakultät Elektro- und Informationstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="othforschungsschwerpunkt" number="16311">Digitalisierung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">Laboratory for Safe and Secure Systems (LAS3)</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>7937</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2024</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>preprint</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">It's Quick to be Square: Fast Quadratisation for Quantum Toolchains</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Many of the envisioned use-cases for quantum computers involve optimisation processes. While there are many algorithmic primitives to perform the required calculations, all eventually lead to quantum gates operating on quantum bits, with an order as determined by the structure of the objective function and the properties of target hardware. When the structure of the problem representation is not aligned with structure and boundary conditions of the executing hardware, various overheads degrading the computation may arise, possibly negating any possible quantum advantage. Therefore, automatic transformations of problem representations play an important role in quantum computing when descriptions (semi-)targeted at humans must be cast into forms that can be executed on quantum computers. Mathematically equivalent formulations are known to result in substantially different non-functional properties depending on hardware, algorithm and detail properties of the problem. Given the current state of noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) hardware, these effects are considerably more pronounced than in classical computing. Likewise, efficiency of the transformation itself is relevant because possible quantum advantage may easily be eradicated by the overhead of transforming between representations. In this paper, we consider a specific class of higher-level representations, i.e. polynomial unconstrained binary optimisation problems, and devise novel automatic transformation mechanisms into widely used quadratic unconstrained binary optimisation problems that substantially improve efficiency and versatility over the state of the art. We also identify what influence factors of lower-level details can be abstracted away in the transformation process, and which details must be made available to higher-level abstractions.</abstract>
    <identifier type="arxiv">2411.19934</identifier>
    <note>Der Aufsatz wurde peer-reviewed veröffentlicht und ist ebenfalls in diesem Repositorium verzeichnet unter: https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-oth-regensburg/frontdoor/index/index/docId/9006</note>
    <enrichment key="opus.import.date">2025-01-24T17:34:31+00:00</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">sword</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.import.user">importuser</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY-NC-SA - Namensnennung - Nicht kommerziell -  Weitergabe unter gleichen Bedingungen 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Lukas Schmidbauer</author>
    <author>Elisabeth Lobe</author>
    <author>Ina Schäfer</author>
    <author>Wolfgang Mauerer</author>
    <collection role="institutes" number="FakIM">Fakultät Informatik und Mathematik</collection>
    <collection role="othforschungsschwerpunkt" number="16311">Digitalisierung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">Labor für Digitalisierung (LFD)</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>7869</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2024</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber>6</pageNumber>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>preprint</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2025-01-04</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">iRBSM: A Deep Implicit 3D Breast Shape Model</title>
    <abstract language="eng">We present the first deep implicit 3D shape model of the female breast, building upon and improving the recently proposed Regensburg Breast Shape Model (RBSM). Compared to its PCA-based predecessor, our model employs implicit neural representations; hence, it can be trained on raw 3D breast scans and eliminates the need for computationally demanding non-rigid registration -- a task that is particularly difficult for feature-less breast shapes. The resulting model, dubbed iRBSM, captures detailed surface geometry including fine structures such as nipples and belly buttons, is highly expressive, and outperforms the RBSM on different surface reconstruction tasks. Finally, leveraging the iRBSM, we present a prototype application to 3D reconstruct breast shapes from just a single image. Model and code publicly available at this https URL.</abstract>
    <identifier type="doi">10.48550/arXiv.2412.13244</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY-NC-ND - Namensnennung - Nicht kommerziell - Keine Bearbeitungen 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Maximilian Weiherer</author>
    <author>Antonia von Riedheim</author>
    <author>Vanessa Brébant</author>
    <author>Bernhard Egger</author>
    <author>Christoph Palm</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Shape Model</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Female Breast</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Regensburg Breast Shape Model</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="institutes" number="FakIM">Fakultät Informatik und Mathematik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="RCHST">Regensburg Center of Health Sciences and Technology - RCHST</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="palmremic">Palm, Christoph (Prof. Dr.) - ReMIC</collection>
    <collection role="othforschungsschwerpunkt" number="16314">Lebenswissenschaften und Ethik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">Labor Regensburg Medical Image Computing (ReMIC)</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>7858</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2024</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>11</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>preprint</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Hemocompatibility of Membrane Lung Components from Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation with Different Antithrombogenic Coatings</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Thrombus formation within extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) devices remained a critical complication. One reason seems to be the contact of blood with large artificial surfaces within the membrane lung (ML). The aim was to test the hemocompatibility of different naïve ECMO materials. Blood and platelets from five healthy volunteers were incubated with gas exchange (GF) and heat exchange fibers (HE) from four different commercial available new MLs representing different antithrombogenic coatings. Adherent platelets were stained with rhodamine-phalloidin. Surface coverage was quantified with ImageJ. Non-adherent platelets were stained with antibodies (CD62P, PAC-1, CD61) and fibrinogen to detect platelet activation with flow cytometry. Hemolysis of red blood cells after material contact was detected. All ECMO-materials were non-hemolytic and did not induce platelet activation. However, platetelet adhesion (median (IQR)) was significantly elevated on uncoated GFs made of polymethylpentene (GF-PMP; 12 (7-19)%) and on GFs from the Hilite-MLs (GF-Hilite; 13 ((8-19)%) compared to the other materials. In vitro testing of platelet adhesion disclosed significant differences of ECMO-materials with different antithrombogenic surface coatings. Instead, circulating platelets remained non-activated. ECMO-materials and its coatings were non-hemolytic. Finally, this study confirmed the good hemocompatibility of GFs and HEs from commerciall available MLs.</abstract>
    <identifier type="doi">10.20944/preprints202412.0615.v1</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">doi-import</enrichment>
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    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Christopher Thaus</author>
    <author>Elena Hofrichter</author>
    <author>Matthias Lubnow</author>
    <author>Lars Krenkel</author>
    <author>Karla Lehle</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>ECMO</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>platelet activation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>platelet adhesion</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>hemolysis</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>hemocompatibility</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="institutes" number="FakIM">Fakultät Informatik und Mathematik</collection>
    <collection role="othforschungsschwerpunkt" number="16314">Lebenswissenschaften und Ethik</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>7807</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2024</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>preprint</type>
    <publisherName>OSFPreprints</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Analyzing the Impact of Redaction on Document Classification Performance of Deep CNN Models</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Many companies are facing growing data archives leading to an increasing focus on the automated classification of documents in corporate processes. Due to data protection guidelines, development with clear data is often difficult. One way to overcome this difficulty is to desensitize documents using document redaction. The following study, therefore, examines the impact of redaction on the document classification performance of a deep CNN model by analyzing how the classifica- tion performance deteriorates when the model is trained on unredacted documents and evaluated on redacted data (unredacted model) or trained on redacted data and applied to unredacted documents (redacted model). For the former condition, a loss in accuracy of 2.56%P was found and a loss of 2.08%P for the latter. We were also able to show that the loss in performance differed greatly between document classes and was influenced by their proportion of redacted area (unredacted model: r=0.31; redacted model: r=0.87). For the model trained with redacted and evaluated on unredacted data, we also determined that the decrease in classification accu- racy was affected by the intra-class variability of the redacted area (r=0.74). From these results, recommendations for dealing with redacted data in document classification systems are derived.</abstract>
    <identifier type="doi">10.31219/osf.io/sntb3</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.import.date">2024-11-18T10:16:05+00:00</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">sword</enrichment>
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    <licence>Keine Lizenz - Es gilt das deutsche Urheberrecht: § 53 UrhG</licence>
    <author>Johannes Pagel</author>
    <author>Stefanie Vogl</author>
    <author>Laura Israel</author>
    <collection role="institutes" number="FakIM">Fakultät Informatik und Mathematik</collection>
    <collection role="othforschungsschwerpunkt" number="16311">Digitalisierung</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>7809</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2024</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
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    <type>preprint</type>
    <publisherName>SSRN</publisherName>
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    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
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    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Electropolishing of Magnesium Alloy Az31 with Varying Electrolyte Concentrations and Applied Potentials</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Magnesium alloy AZ31 is a light material with a good mechanical stability and is used in various engineering applications. Although its tendency to localized corrosion is a limiting factor in its use. Electropolishing is a widely used process for improving the surface roughness and corrosion behavior of metals. However, there is a lack of knowledge about the electropolishing of magnesium and its alloys. In this study, an optimal electropolishing process for AZ31 was developed to improve the surface properties by varying the electrolyte concentration and the applied potential. The electrolyte composition was a mixture of phosphoric acid, ethanol and deionized water. The applied potentials were selected based on measured current density potential curves. Thereby, electropolishing was performed up to an electric charge of 18 As. The experimental results indicate that the&#13;
electropolishing process should be carried out at a low current density to avoid bubble evolution and surface defects. Therefore, the concentration of the electropolishing electrolyte should have an appropriate low conductivity, and the applied potential should&#13;
be in the transient or passive region of the polarization curve recorded prior to electropolishing. It could be shown that an optimized electropolishing process improved the surface of AZ31 by providing a bright and mirror-like surface and a lower roughness&#13;
compared to a mechanically ground surface.</abstract>
    <identifier type="doi">10.2139/ssrn.4991311</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.import.date">2024-11-18T10:16:05+00:00</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">sword</enrichment>
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    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
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    <licence>Keine Lizenz - Es gilt das deutsche Urheberrecht: § 53 UrhG</licence>
    <author>Jessica Kloiber</author>
    <author>Viktoria Anetsberger</author>
    <author>Ulrich Schultheiss</author>
    <author>Helga Hornberger</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>magnesium alloy</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>AZ31</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>electropolishing</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>electrolyte</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>surface characterization</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>polarization curve</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="institutes" number="FAKMB">Fakultät Maschinenbau</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="hornbergerbma">Hornberger, Helga (Prof. Dr.) - Labor Biomaterialien</collection>
    <collection role="othforschungsschwerpunkt" number="16316">Produktion und Systeme</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">Labor Biomaterialien</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>7431</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2024</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
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    <title language="eng">Application of Causal Models in Scenario-based Testing</title>
    <abstract language="eng">This paper presents a new methodology for scenario-based testing of automated driving functions in the context of ISO 21448 (safety of the target function). By using structural causal models (SCMs), the evaluation process of highly automated vehicle systems is to be improved, thus increasing their safety and reliability. Using SCMs, the presented methodology systematically analyzes causal relationships between various risk factors of the investigated system and its operating environment and automatically identifies potential parameter combinations that influence system safety. This approach makes it possible to safeguard automated driving functions, such as an emergency brake assistant, by determining foreseeable risks and providing them as test parameters for relevant scenarios. The HolmeS3 approach combines expert knowledge with probabilistic data analysis to develop robust causal models that can be validated through both simulation and real-world testing. The use of causal inference enables the generation of critical test cases, known as "edge and corner cases", which are essential for testing vehicle systems under investigation. This focused testing approach helps to limit the test case explosion that occurs with conventional approaches by specifically identifying highly relevant parameter combinations that potentially (negatively) influence system performance. The methodology presented, which was developed as part of the HolmeS3 R&amp;D project, offers transparency, comparability, explainability and traceability in the modeling and testing processes. It supports compliance with the ISO 21448 standard and lays the foundation for the causality-driven development of safe and reliable automotive technology. The project's tools and methods can be applied beyond the automotive sector to all cyber-physical systems that require rigorous safety validation.</abstract>
    <identifier type="doi">10.13140/RG.2.2.34160.06402</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.import.date">2024-08-24T04:08:29+00:00</enrichment>
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    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY-NC-ND - Namensnennung - Nicht kommerziell - Keine Bearbeitungen 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Tilo Linz</author>
    <author>Jürgen Mottok</author>
    <collection role="institutes" number="FakEI">Fakultät Elektro- und Informationstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="othforschungsschwerpunkt" number="16311">Digitalisierung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">Laboratory for Safe and Secure Systems (LAS3)</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>7479</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2024</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
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    <pageLast/>
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    <edition/>
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    <title language="eng">Binomial Distribution Nomogram after Larson</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Following an idea of Larson (1966) we construct a nomogram for cumulative binomial distribution that can be used to perform hypothesis testing, quality management (e.g. test design) and other statistical tasks. The nomogram can be printed and directly used with a simple ruler to read the results. It is instructive and as an analog computing device continuous changes are easily visible.</abstract>
    <identifier type="url">https://www.researchgate.net/publication/383270775_Binomial_Distribution_Nomogram_after_Larson</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.import.date">2024-08-31T09:06:22+00:00</enrichment>
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    <licence>Keine Lizenz - Es gilt das deutsche Urheberrecht: § 53 UrhG</licence>
    <author>Oliver Steffens</author>
    <collection role="institutes" number="FakANK">Fakultät Angewandte Natur- und Kulturwissenschaften</collection>
    <collection role="othforschungsschwerpunkt" number="16311">Digitalisierung</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>7689</id>
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    <publishedYear>2024</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
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    <edition/>
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    <title language="eng">QCEDA: Using Quantum Computers for EDA</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The field of Electronic Design Automation (EDA) is crucial for microelectronics, but the increasing complexity of Integrated Circuits (ICs) poses challenges for conventional EDA: Corresponding problems are often NP-hard and are therefore in general solved by heuristics, not guaranteeing optimal solutions. Quantum computers may offer better solutions due to their potential for optimization through entanglement, superposition, and interference. Most of the works in the area of EDA and quantum computers focus on how to use EDA for building quantum circuits. However, almost no research focuses on exploiting quantum computers for solving EDA problems. Therefore, this paper investigates the feasibility and potential of quantum computing for a typical EDA optimization problem broken down to the Min-k-Union problem. The problem is mathematically transformed into a Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) problem, which was successfully solved on an IBM quantum computer and a D-Wave quantum annealer.</abstract>
    <identifier type="arxiv">2403.12998</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.import.date">2024-09-11T22:10:01+00:00</enrichment>
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    <licence>Keine Lizenz - Es gilt das deutsche Urheberrecht: § 53 UrhG</licence>
    <author>Matthias Jung</author>
    <author>Sven O. Krumke</author>
    <author>Christof Schroth</author>
    <author>Elisabeth Lobe</author>
    <author>Wolfgang Mauerer</author>
    <collection role="institutes" number="FakIM">Fakultät Informatik und Mathematik</collection>
    <collection role="othforschungsschwerpunkt" number="16311">Digitalisierung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">Labor für Digitalisierung (LFD)</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>7686</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2024</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
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    <title language="eng">Guided-SPSA: Simultaneous Perturbation Stochastic Approximation assisted by the Parameter Shift Rule</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The study of variational quantum algorithms (VQCs) has received significant attention from the quantum computing community in recent years. These hybrid algorithms, utilizing both classical and quantum components, are well-suited for noisy intermediate-scale quantum devices. Though estimating exact gradients using the parameter-shift rule to optimize the VQCs is realizable in NISQ devices, they do not scale well for larger problem sizes. The computational complexity, in terms of the number of circuit evaluations required for gradient estimation by the parameter-shift rule, scales linearly with the number of parameters in VQCs. On the other hand, techniques that approximate the gradients of the VQCs, such as the simultaneous perturbation stochastic approximation (SPSA), do not scale with the number of parameters but struggle with instability and often attain suboptimal solutions. In this work, we introduce a novel gradient estimation approach called Guided-SPSA, which meaningfully combines the parameter-shift rule and SPSA-based gradient approximation. The Guided-SPSA results in a 15% to 25% reduction in the number of circuit evaluations required during training for a similar or better optimality of the solution found compared to the parameter-shift rule. The Guided-SPSA outperforms standard SPSA in all scenarios and outperforms the parameter-shift rule in scenarios such as suboptimal initialization of the parameters. We demonstrate numerically the performance of Guided-SPSA on different paradigms of quantum machine learning, such as regression, classification, and reinforcement learning.</abstract>
    <identifier type="arxiv">2404.15751</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.import.date">2024-09-11T22:10:01+00:00</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">sword</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.import.user">importuser</enrichment>
    <licence>Keine Lizenz - Es gilt das deutsche Urheberrecht: § 53 UrhG</licence>
    <author>Maniraman Periyasamy</author>
    <author>Axel Plinge</author>
    <author>Christopher Mutschler</author>
    <author>Daniel D. Scherer</author>
    <author>Wolfgang Mauerer</author>
    <collection role="institutes" number="FakIM">Fakultät Informatik und Mathematik</collection>
    <collection role="othforschungsschwerpunkt" number="16311">Digitalisierung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">Labor für Digitalisierung (LFD)</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>7691</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2024</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>preprint</type>
    <publisherName/>
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    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Reproducibility Report for ACM SIGMOD 2023 Paper: Ready to Leap (by Co-Design)? Join Order Optimisation</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The paper “Ready to Leap (by Co-Design)? Join Order Optimisation on Quantum Hardware” proposes the first approach to solve the problem of join order optimization on quantum hardware. The authors characterize the applicability and limitations of current state-of-the-art quantum hardware, i. e. gate-based quantum computing and quantum annealing, for join ordering and recommend key improvements to the physical hardware to reach practical utility. Based on the provided database queries and QPU system processing data, we have been able to reproduce the original paper’s key insights and quantum problem characteristics reported in its experimental section. The authors provided a self-contained and fully automated reproduction package, including data (database queries, statistics, and collected QPU processing data), experiment scripts, and plotting routines that&#13;
allowed the identical reconstruction of the three main figures in the paper.</abstract>
    <identifier type="url">https://www.lfdr.de/Publications/2024/SIGMOD_ARI_2023___Paper_37.pdf</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.import.date">2024-09-11T22:10:01+00:00</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">sword</enrichment>
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    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
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    <licence>Keine Lizenz - Es gilt das deutsche Urheberrecht: § 53 UrhG</licence>
    <author>Sebastian Schmidl</author>
    <author>Yangshen Deng</author>
    <author>Pingchuan Ma</author>
    <author>Manuel Schönberger</author>
    <author>Wolfgang Mauerer</author>
    <collection role="institutes" number="FakIM">Fakultät Informatik und Mathematik</collection>
    <collection role="othforschungsschwerpunkt" number="16311">Digitalisierung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">Labor für Digitalisierung (LFD)</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>7478</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2024</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
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    <issue/>
    <volume/>
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    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
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    <title language="eng">Nomograms for Quadratic and Cubic Equations</title>
    <identifier type="doi">10.13140/RG.2.2.12187.48168</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.import.format">bibtex</enrichment>
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    <licence>Keine Lizenz - Es gilt das deutsche Urheberrecht: § 53 UrhG</licence>
    <author>Oliver Steffens</author>
    <collection role="institutes" number="FakANK">Fakultät Angewandte Natur- und Kulturwissenschaften</collection>
    <collection role="othforschungsschwerpunkt" number="16315">Information und Kommunikation</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>7693</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2024</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>preprint</type>
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    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Towards View-based Development of Quantum Software</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Quantum computing is an interdisciplinary field that relies on the expertise of many&#13;
different stakeholders. The views of various stakeholders on the subject of quantum computing may differ, thereby complicating communication. To address this, we propose a view-based quantum development approach based on a Single Underlying Model (SUM) and a supporting quantumIntegrated Development Environment (IDE). We highlight emerging challenges for future research.</abstract>
    <identifier type="arxiv">2406.18363</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.import.date">2024-09-11T22:10:01+00:00</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">sword</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.import.user">importuser</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="ConferenceStatement">Proceedings of the GI Quantum Computing Workshop. - (GIQC ’24)</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <licence>Keine Lizenz - Es gilt das deutsche Urheberrecht: § 53 UrhG</licence>
    <author>Joshua Ammermann</author>
    <author>Wolfgang Mauerer</author>
    <author>Ina Schäfer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Quantum Computing</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>View-based Development</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Integrated Development Environment</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="institutes" number="FakIM">Fakultät Informatik und Mathematik</collection>
    <collection role="othforschungsschwerpunkt" number="16311">Digitalisierung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">Labor für Digitalisierung (LFD)</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>7684</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2024</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>preprint</type>
    <publisherName/>
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    <contributingCorporation/>
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    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
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    <title language="eng">Approximating under the Influence of Quantum Noise and Compute Power</title>
    <abstract language="deu">The quantum approximate optimisation algorithm (QAOA) is at the core of many scenarios that aim to combine the power of quantum computers and classical high-performance computing appliances for combinatorial optimisation. Several obstacles challenge concrete benefits now and in the foreseeable future: Imperfections quickly degrade algorithmic performance below practical utility; overheads arising from alternating between classical and quantum primitives can counter any advantage; and the choice of parameters or algorithmic variant can substantially influence runtime and result quality. Selecting the optimal combination is a non-trivial issue, as it not only depends on user requirements, but also on details of the hardware and software stack. Appropriate automation can lift the burden of choosing optimal combinations for end-users: They should not be required to understand technicalities like differences between QAOA variants, required number of QAOA layers, or necessary measurement samples. Yet, they should receive best-possible satisfaction of their non-functional requirements, be it performance or other. We determine factors that affect solution quality and temporal behaviour of four QAOA variants using comprehensive density-matrix-based simulations targeting three widely studied optimisation problems. Our simulations consider ideal quantum computation, and a continuum of scenarios troubled by realistic imperfections. Our quantitative results, accompanied by a comprehensive reproduction package, show strong differences between QAOA variants that can be pinpointed to narrow and specific effects. We identify influential co-variables and relevant non-functional quality goals that, we argue, mark the relevant ingredients for designing appropriate software engineering abstraction mechanisms and automated tool-chains for devising quantum solutions from high-level problem specifications.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Proceedings of WIHPQC@IEEE QCE</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="arxiv">2408.02287</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.import.date">2024-09-11T22:10:01+00:00</enrichment>
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    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Simon Thelen</author>
    <author>Hila Safi</author>
    <author>Wolfgang Mauerer</author>
    <collection role="institutes" number="FakIM">Fakultät Informatik und Mathematik</collection>
    <collection role="othforschungsschwerpunkt" number="16311">Digitalisierung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">Labor für Digitalisierung (LFD)</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>7432</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2024</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>preprint</type>
    <publisherName>Elsevier</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
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    <title language="eng">Effect of Temperature on the Growth of Cu(I)O Nanocubes: The Impact of the Copper Precursor Species</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Cuprous oxide (Cu2O) nanoparticles were synthesized using a wet chemical surfactant free method at different synthesis temperatures from 25 ◦C to 60 ◦C. Morphology, size, and chemical composition of the prepared Cu2O nanoparticles were analyzed by SEM, PXRD, and ATR-IR. We discovered that the chemical composition of the Cu2O nanoparticles remained unaffected by the synthesis temperature. However, morphology and size of the nanoparticles showed a strong temperature dependency. This could be attributed to the temperature induced formation of cupric oxide (CuO) species from the copper hydroxide (Cu(OH)2 ) precursor which also functions as copper precursor for the Cu2O nanoparticle growth. The cupric oxide species was determined to be the main cause for the formation of micrometer sized particles, whereas with the Cu(OH)2 precursor species for the Cu2O nanoparticles nanocubes with smaller edge lengths as well as octahedrons were obtained.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">SSRN</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.2139/ssrn.4909639</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.import.date">2024-08-24T04:08:29+00:00</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">sword</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.import.user">importuser</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <licence>Keine Lizenz - Es gilt das deutsche Urheberrecht: § 53 UrhG</licence>
    <author>Tobias Schwarz</author>
    <author>Angelina Pastötter</author>
    <author>Trung Tran</author>
    <author>Marc Schlosser</author>
    <author>Corinna Kaulen</author>
    <author>Alfred Lechner</author>
    <author>Martin Kammler</author>
    <author>Adam Slabon</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>nanoparticle</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Copper oxide</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>crystal growth</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Crystal structure</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="institutes" number="FakANK">Fakultät Angewandte Natur- und Kulturwissenschaften</collection>
    <collection role="othforschungsschwerpunkt" number="16316">Produktion und Systeme</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">Labor Nanoanalytik und Halbleiterchemie (Nanochem)</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>7330</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2024</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>preprint</type>
    <publisherName>Elsevier / SSRN</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Photoacoustic Trace-Analysis of Breath Isoprene and Acetone Via Interband- and Quantum Cascade Lasers</title>
    <abstract language="eng">This research presents two laser-based photoacoustic approaches for analyzing exhaled breath isoprene and acetone. The integration of a PTR-ToF-MS as a reference device ensured the reliability and accuracy of the PAS systems that is based on an ICL for isoprene and a QCL for acetone detection. The calibration yielded limits of detection of 26.9 ppbV and 1.7 ppbV, respectively, and corresponding normalized noise equivalent absorption coefficients (NNEAs) of 5.0E-9 Wcm-1Hz-0.5 and 4.9E-9 Wcm-1Hz-0.5. Laboratory as well as real breath sample measurements from alveolar breath revealed a robust system performance, with only one outlier within the static isoprene measurements. However, discrepancies emerged under dynamic breath sampling conditions, emphasizing the need for further optimization. Especially by knowing the dynamic nature and endogenous origin of exhaled isoprene our findings highlight the potential of breath analysis for non-invasive physio-metabolic and pathophysiological monitoring towards point-of-care devices.</abstract>
    <identifier type="doi">10.2139/ssrn.4834735</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <licence>Keine Lizenz - Es gilt das deutsche Urheberrecht: § 53 UrhG</licence>
    <author>Jonas Pangerl</author>
    <author>Pritam Sukul</author>
    <author>Thomas Rück</author>
    <author>Lukas Escher</author>
    <author>Wolfram Miekisch</author>
    <author>Rudolf Bierl</author>
    <author>Frank-Michael Matysik</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>photoacoustic spectroscopy</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>breath analysis/profiling</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>real-time mass spectroscopy</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>isoprene</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>acetone</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="institutes" number="FakANK">Fakultät Angewandte Natur- und Kulturwissenschaften</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="bierlsappz">Bierl, Rudolf (Prof. Dr.) - Sensorik-ApplikationsZentrum</collection>
    <collection role="othforschungsschwerpunkt" number="16317">Sensorik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">Sensorik-Applikationszentrum (SappZ)</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>7306</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2024</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>preprint</type>
    <publisherName>Center for Open Science</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Technologies for Evaluation of Pelvic Floor Functionality: A Systematic Review</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Pelvic floor dysfunction is a common problem in women and has a negative impact ontheir quality of life. The aim of this review was to provide a general overview of the current state oftechnology used to assess pelvic floor functionality. It also provides literature research of the phys-iological and anatomical factors that correlate with pelvic floor health. The systematic review wasconducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library andIEEE databases were searched for publications on sensor technology for the assessment of pelvicfloor functionality. Anatomical and physiological parameters were identified through a manualsearch. In the systematic review 115 publications were included. 12 different sensor technologieswere identified. Information on the obtained parameters, sensor position, test activities and subjectcharacteristics were prepared in tabular form from each publication. 16 anatomical and physiologi- cal parameters influencing pelvic floor health were identified in 17 published studies and rankedfor their statistical significance. Taken together, this review could serve as a basis for the develop-ment of novel sensors which could allow for quantifiable prevention and diagnosis, as well as par-ticularized documentation of rehabilitation processes related to pelvic floor dysfunctions.</abstract>
    <identifier type="doi">10.31219/osf.io/dcqyg</identifier>
    <note>Der Aufsatz wurde peer-reviewd veröffentlich und ist ebenfalls in diesem Repositorium verzeichnet unter: https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-oth-regensburg/frontdoor/index/index/docId/7321</note>
    <enrichment key="CorrespondingAuthor">Förstl, Nikolas</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Nikolas Förstl</author>
    <author>Ina Adler</author>
    <author>Franz Süß</author>
    <author>Sebastian Dendorfer</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>pelvic floor</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>sensors</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>functionality</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>influence parameters</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="institutes" number="FAKMB">Fakultät Maschinenbau</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="dendorferlbm">Dendorfer, Sebastian (Prof. Dr.), Zeitschriftenbeiträge - Labor Biomechanik</collection>
    <collection role="othforschungsschwerpunkt" number="16314">Lebenswissenschaften und Ethik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">Labor Biomechanik (LBM)</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>7305</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2024</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>preprint</type>
    <publisherName>SSRN - Elsevier</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Determinants of Electricity Expenditure by Private Households. Analysis of the 2018 Survey of Income and Expenditure for Germany</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Determinants of household electricity consumption measured by smart meters found by the authors in a scoping review were analyzed for the example of Germany utilizing the 2018 Survey of Income and Expenditure. All variables identified in the scoping review were covered in the survey (number and type of appliances, sociodemographic, and dwelling-related aspects). One can therefore use this large representative data set to test these relationships for German households. Expenditure on electricity is considered an indicator of household electricity consumption. The determinants show weak to moderate correlations with energy expenditure in bivariate analyses. The multivariate analysis shows effects of household-specific, dwelling-related, and appliance-specific factors. Models considering only one aspect overestimate this effect. Thus, all three aspects should be considered simultaneously when explaining residential electricity consumption. The largest effects are found for electricity as the main energy source for heating, the number of household members, as well as their presence at home. While household structure plays an important part in explaining residential energy consumption, dwelling and appliance-related aspects influence it as well. The latter aspects may be influenced by appropriate policy measures.</abstract>
    <identifier type="doi">10.2139/ssrn.4815428</identifier>
    <licence>Keine Lizenz - Es gilt das deutsche Urheberrecht: § 53 UrhG</licence>
    <author>Caroline Dotter</author>
    <author>Miriam Vetter</author>
    <author>Sonja Haug</author>
    <author>Karsten Weber</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Electricity consumption</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>private household</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>expenditure survey</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>residential electricity consumption</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>household structure</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="institutes" number="FakIM">Fakultät Informatik und Mathematik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="FakSoz">Fakultät Sozial- und Gesundheitswissenschaften</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="weberlate">Weber, Karsten (Prof. Dr.) - Labor für Technikfolgenabschätzung und Angewandte Ethik</collection>
    <collection role="othforschungsschwerpunkt" number="16314">Lebenswissenschaften und Ethik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">Labor Empirische Sozialforschung</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">Labor für Technikfolgenabschätzung und Angewandte Ethik (LaTe)</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="hauglasofo">Haug, Sonja (Prof. Dr.) - Labor Empirische Sozialforschung</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>7301</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2024</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>preprint</type>
    <publisherName>Research Square Platform LLC</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Report of RILEM TC 281-CCC: Insights into factors affecting the carbonation rate of concrete with SCMs revealed from data mining and machine learning approaches</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The RILEM TC 281–CCC ‘‘Carbonation of concrete with supplementary cementitious materials’’ conducted a study on the effects of supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) on the carbonation rate of blended cement concretes and mortars. In this context, a comprehensive database has been established, consisting of 1044 concrete and mortar mixes with their associated carbonation depth data over time. The dataset comprises mix designs with a large variety of binders with up to 94% SCMs, collected from the literature as well as unpublished testing reports. The data includes chemical composition and physical properties of the raw materials, mix-designs, compressive strengths, curing and carbonation testing conditions. Natural carbonation was recorded for several years in many cases with both indoor and outdoor results. The database has been analysed to investigate the effects of binder composition and mix design, curing and preconditioning, and relative humidity on the carbonation rate. Furthermore, the accuracy of accelerated carbonation testing as well as possible correlations between compressive strength and carbonation resistance were evaluated. The analysis revealed that the w/CaOreactive ratio is a decisive factor for carbonation resistance, while curing and exposure conditions also influence carbonation. Under natural exposure conditions, the carbonation data exhibit significant variations. Nevertheless, probabilistic inference suggests that both accelerated and natural carbonation processes follow a square-root-of-time behavior, though accelerated and natural carbonation cannot be converted into each other without corrections. Additionally, a machine learning technique was employed to assess the influence of parameters governing the carbonation progress in concretes.</abstract>
    <identifier type="doi">10.21203/rs.3.rs-4169492/v1</identifier>
    <note>Verörffenticht bei Springer Nature: https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-oth-regensburg/frontdoor/index/index/docId/7776</note>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Anya Vollpracht</author>
    <author>Gregor J. G. Gluth</author>
    <author>Bart Rogiers</author>
    <author>Ikenna D. Uwanuakwa</author>
    <author>Quoc Tri Phung</author>
    <author>Yury Villagran Zaccardi</author>
    <author>Charlotte Thiel</author>
    <author>Hanne Vanoutrive</author>
    <author>Juan Manuel Etcheverry</author>
    <author>Elke Gruyaert</author>
    <author>Siham Kamali-Bernard</author>
    <author>Antonios Kanellopoulos</author>
    <author>Zengfeng Zhao</author>
    <author>Isabel Milagre Martins</author>
    <author>Sundar Rathnarajan</author>
    <author>Nele De Belie</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>natural carbonation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>accelerated carbonation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>SCMs</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>database</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="institutes" number="FakBau">Fakultät Bauingenieurwesen</collection>
    <collection role="othforschungsschwerpunkt" number="16313">Gebäude und Infrastruktur</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">Labor für Baustoffe</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>7272</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2024</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>preprint</type>
    <publisherName>Research Square Platform LLC</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">The impact of temporal hydrogen regulation on hydrogen exporters and their domestic energy transition</title>
    <abstract language="eng">As global demand for green hydrogen rises, potential hydrogen exporters move into the spotlight. However, the large-scale installation of on-grid hydrogen electrolysis for export can have profound impacts on domestic energy prices and energy-related emissions. Our investigation explores the interplay of hydrogen exports, domestic energy transition and temporal hydrogen regulation, employing a sector-coupled energy model in Morocco. We find substantial co-benets of domestic climate change mitigation and hydrogen exports, whereby exports can reduce domestic electricity prices while mitigation reduces hydrogen export prices. However, increasing hydrogen exports quickly in a system that is still dominated by fossil fuels can substantially raise domestic electricity prices, if green hydrogen production is not regulated. Surprisingly, temporal matching of hydrogen production lowers domestic electricity cost by up to 31% while the effect on exporters is minimal. This policy instrument can steer the welfare (re-)distribution between hydrogen exporting firms, hydrogen importers, and domestic electricity consumers and hereby increases acceptance among actors.</abstract>
    <identifier type="doi">10.21203/rs.3.rs-4285425/v1</identifier>
    <note>Der Aufsatz wurde peer-reviewed veröffentlicht und ist ebenfalls in diesem Repositorium verzeichnet unter: https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-oth-regensburg/8485</note>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Leon Schumm</author>
    <author>Hazem Abdel-Khalek</author>
    <author>Tom Brown</author>
    <author>Falko Ueckerdt</author>
    <author>Michael Sterner</author>
    <author>Davide Fioriti</author>
    <author>Max Parzen</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Energy Transition</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hydrogen regulation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hydrogen export</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Climate-neutral</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Domestic prices</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hydrogen prices</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Power-to-X</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="institutes" number="FakEI">Fakultät Elektro- und Informationstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="othforschungsschwerpunkt" number="16312">Energie und Mobilität</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="sternerfenes">Sterner, Michael (Prof. Dr.) - FENES / Forschungsgruppe Energiespeicher</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">Forschungsstelle für Energienetze und Energiespeicher (FENES) / Forschungsgruppe Energiespeicher</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>7246</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2024</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>preprint</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Winding process of fibre-reinforced thermoplastic tubes with integrated tape production through in-situ roving impregnation and infrared consolidation</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The present paper takes a novel approach to production of fibre-reinforced thermoplastic tubes. The method begins with the raw materials, reinforcing fibre and thermoplastic granulate which are processed to tapes through a newly developed direct impregnation process. It is followed by consolidation of fibre-reinforced thermoplastic tubes using infrared (IR) emitters in the filament winding process. This process employs various angles and utilizes a rotatable consolidation axis. The winding process operates at a constant speed, addressing the challenge of bending the fibre-reinforced tapes in the angle reversal areas near the tube ends. Experiments have confirmed that the process can run at speeds reaching approximately 470 mm/min. The design of the impregnation line takes into account the properties of the thermoplastic and the roving, allowing for a speed of up to 1 m/s.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.21203/rs.3.rs-4085105/v1</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Marco Siegl</author>
    <author>Bastian Jungbauer</author>
    <author>Jakob Gebhardt</author>
    <author>Anna Judenmann</author>
    <author>Ingo Ehrlich</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Thermoplastic Composite Tubes</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Filament-Winding</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Tape Production</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Thermoplastic Impregnation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>In-Situ Roving Impregnation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Infrared Consolidation</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="institutes" number="FAKMB">Fakultät Maschinenbau</collection>
    <collection role="othforschungsschwerpunkt" number="16316">Produktion und Systeme</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>7065</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2024</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>preprint</type>
    <publisherName>Elsevier</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">An Inexpensive Uv-Led Photoacoustic Based Real-Time Sensor-System Detecting Exhaled Trace-Acetone</title>
    <abstract language="eng">In this research we present a low-cost system for breath acetone analysis based on UV-LED photoacoustic spectroscopy. We considered the end-tidal phase of exhalation, which represents the systemic concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) – providing clinically relevant information about the human health. This is achieved via the development of a CO2-triggered breath sampling system, which collected alveolar breath over several minutes in sterile and inert containers. A real-time mass spectrometer is coupled to serve as a reference device for calibration measurements and subsequent breath analysis. The new sensor system provided a 3σ detection limit of 6.4 ppbV and an NNEA of 1.1E-9 Wcm-1Hz-0.5. In terms of the performed breath analysis measurements, 12 out of 13 fell within the error margin of the photoacoustic measurement system, demonstrating the reliability of the measurements in the field.</abstract>
    <identifier type="doi">10.2139/ssrn.4724198</identifier>
    <note>Der Aufsatz wurde peer-reviewed unter folgender DOI veröffentlicht: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pacs.2024.100604</note>
    <licence>Keine Lizenz - Es gilt das deutsche Urheberrecht: § 53 UrhG</licence>
    <author>Jonas Pangerl</author>
    <author>Pritam Sukul</author>
    <author>Thomas Rück</author>
    <author>Patricia Fuchs</author>
    <author>Stefan Weigl</author>
    <author>Wolfram Miekisch</author>
    <author>Rudolf Bierl</author>
    <author>Frank-Michael Matysik</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>photoacoustic spectroscopy</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>real-time mass-spectrometry</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>breath analysis</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>acetone</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>UV-LED</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="institutes" number="FakANK">Fakultät Angewandte Natur- und Kulturwissenschaften</collection>
    <collection role="othforschungsschwerpunkt" number="16317">Sensorik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">Sensorik-Applikationszentrum (SappZ)</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>7120</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2024</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber>9</pageNumber>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>preprint</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2024-03-18</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Motion-Corrected Moving Average: Including Post-Hoc Temporal Information for Improved Video Segmentation</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Real-time computational speed and a high degree of precision are requirements for computer-assisted interventions. Applying a segmentation network to a medical video processing task can introduce significant inter-frame prediction noise. Existing approaches can reduce inconsistencies by including temporal information but often impose requirements on the architecture or dataset. This paper proposes a method to include temporal information in any segmentation model and, thus, a technique to improve video segmentation performance without alterations during training or additional labeling. With Motion-Corrected Moving Average, we refine the exponential moving average between the current and previous predictions. Using optical flow to estimate the movement between consecutive frames, we can shift the prior term in the moving-average calculation to align with the geometry of the current frame. The optical flow calculation does not require the output of the model and can therefore be performed in parallel, leading to no significant runtime penalty for our approach. We evaluate our approach on two publicly available segmentation datasets and two proprietary endoscopic datasets and show improvements over a baseline approach.</abstract>
    <identifier type="doi">10.48550/arXiv.2403.03120</identifier>
    <identifier type="arxiv">arXiv:2403.03120</identifier>
    <enrichment key="Kostentraeger">2027701</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY-NC-ND - Namensnennung - Nicht kommerziell - Keine Bearbeitungen 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Robert Mendel</author>
    <author>Tobias Rückert</author>
    <author>Dirk Wilhelm</author>
    <author>Daniel Rückert</author>
    <author>Christoph Palm</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>swd</type>
      <value>Deep Learning</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>swd</type>
      <value>Video</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>swd</type>
      <value>Segmentation</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="institutes" number="FakIM">Fakultät Informatik und Mathematik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="RCHST">Regensburg Center of Health Sciences and Technology - RCHST</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="palmremic">Palm, Christoph (Prof. Dr.) - ReMIC</collection>
    <collection role="othforschungsschwerpunkt" number="16314">Lebenswissenschaften und Ethik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">Labor Regensburg Medical Image Computing (ReMIC)</collection>
  </doc>
</export-example>
