@inproceedings{CurrleHaug, author = {Currle, Edda and Haug, Sonja}, title = {Acceptance of Telepresence Robotics, Telecare and Teletherapy Among Stroke Patients, Relatives and Therapy Staff}, series = {dHealth 2024: proceedings of the 18th annual conference on Health Informatics meets Digital Health conference}, booktitle = {dHealth 2024: proceedings of the 18th annual conference on Health Informatics meets Digital Health conference}, publisher = {IOS Press}, isbn = {978-1-64368-517-5}, issn = {0926-9630}, doi = {10.3233/SHTI240005}, pages = {15 -- 21}, abstract = {Background: Stroke as a cause of disability in adulthood causes an increasing demand for therapy and care services, including telecare and teletherapy. Objectives: Aim of the study is to analyse the acceptance of telepresence robotics and digital therapy applications. Methods: Longitudinal study with a before and after survey of patients, relatives and care and therapy staff. Results: Acceptance of the technology analysed is high in all three groups. Although acceptance among patients declined in parts of the cases in the second survey after having used telerobotics, all in all approval ratings remained high. With regard to patients no significant correlation was found between the general technology acceptance and the acceptance of use of telerobotics. Conclusion: Accepted new telecare and teletherapies can be offered with the help of telepresence robotics. This requires knowledge of and experience with the technology.}, language = {en} } @article{SchneiderWeber, author = {Schneider, Diana and Weber, Karsten}, title = {AI for decision support: What are possible futures, social impacts, regulatory options, ethical conundrums and agency constellations?}, series = {TATuP - Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Technikfolgenabsch{\"a}tzung in Theorie und Praxis}, volume = {33}, journal = {TATuP - Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Technikfolgenabsch{\"a}tzung in Theorie und Praxis}, number = {1}, publisher = {oekom verlag}, address = {M{\"u}nchen}, issn = {2567-8833}, doi = {10.14512/tatup.33.1.08}, pages = {8 -- 13}, abstract = {Although artificial intelligence (AI) and automated decision-making systems have been around for some time, they have only recently gained in importance as they are now actually being used and are no longer just the subject of research. AI to support decision-making is thus affecting ever larger parts of society, creating technical, but above all ethical, legal, and societal challenges, as decisions can now be made by machines that were previously the responsibility of humans. This introduction provides an overview of attempts to regulate AI and addresses key challenges that arise when integrating AI systems into human decision-making. The Special topic brings together research articles that present societal challenges, ethical issues, stakeholders, and possible futures of AI use for decision support in healthcare, the legal system, and border control.}, language = {en} } @article{SchneiderWeber, author = {Schneider, Diana and Weber, Karsten}, title = {AI‑based decision support systems and society: An opening statement}, series = {TATuP - Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Technikfolgenabsch{\"a}tzung in Theorie und Praxis}, volume = {33}, journal = {TATuP - Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Technikfolgenabsch{\"a}tzung in Theorie und Praxis}, number = {1}, publisher = {Oekom}, doi = {10.14512/tatup.33.1.9}, pages = {9 -- 13}, abstract = {Although artificial intelligence (AI) and automated decision-making systems have been around for some time, they have only recently gained in importance as they are now actually being used and are no longer just the subject of research. AI to support decision-making is thus affecting ever larger parts of society, creating technical, but above all ethical, legal, and societal challenges, as decisions can now be made by machines that were previously the responsibility of humans. This introduction provides an overview of attempts to regulate AI and addresses key challenges that arise when integrating AI systems into human decision-making. The Special topic brings together research articles that present societal challenges, ethical issues, stakeholders, and possible futures of AI use for decision support in healthcare, the legal system, and border control.}, language = {en} } @incollection{CurrleHaug, author = {Currle, Edda and Haug, Sonja}, title = {Akzeptanz und Nutzung von Telepr{\"a}senzrobotik - Die Sicht der Proband*innen}, series = {Digitale Technik f{\"u}r ambulante Pflege und Therapie III - Nutzung, Akzeptanz, Wirkung und Lebensqualit{\"a}t}, booktitle = {Digitale Technik f{\"u}r ambulante Pflege und Therapie III - Nutzung, Akzeptanz, Wirkung und Lebensqualit{\"a}t}, editor = {Weber, Karsten and Haug, Sonja and Lauer, Norina and Mohr, Christa and Pfingsten, Andrea and Raptis, Georgios and Bahr, Gudrun}, publisher = {transcript}, address = {Bielefeld}, isbn = {978-3-8394-6728-2}, doi = {10.14361/978383946782-010}, pages = {217 -- 240}, abstract = {Der Beitrag stellt die Ergebnisse der standardisierten Akzeptanzbefragungen vor, die im Rahmen der Feldstudie des Forschungsprojektes Dein Haus 4.0 Oberpfalz durchgef{\"u}hrt wurden. Schlaganfallbetroffene Personen wurden zu verschiedenen Aspekten der Akzeptanz, Nutzungsbereitschaft und des Nutzens der getesteten Telepr{\"a}senzrobotik in einer L{\"a}ngsschnittstudie befragt.}, subject = {Digitalisierung}, language = {de} } @misc{WilsonBraunFriedl, author = {Wilson, Edith E. and Braun, Carina N. and Friedl, Manuel}, title = {Arbeitsengagement und Zufriedenheit in der HAW-Professur - Impulse f{\"u}r eine nachhaltige Personalentwicklung}, series = {Die Zukunft der Hochschule: Global, nachhaltig und inklusiv, 19. Jahrestagung der GfHf, 23.-25. September 2024, FernUniversit{\"a}t in Hagen}, journal = {Die Zukunft der Hochschule: Global, nachhaltig und inklusiv, 19. Jahrestagung der GfHf, 23.-25. September 2024, FernUniversit{\"a}t in Hagen}, abstract = {Hintergrund W{\"a}hrend Rekrutierungsaktivit{\"a}ten f{\"u}r HAW-Professuren sowohl wissenschaftlich (z.B. Braun \& Wilson, 2023) als auch im Zuge von Kampagnen (z.B. „Werden Sie Prof!"; „Die HAW-Professur") in den Fokus r{\"u}cken, findet die Personalentwicklung von bereits etablierten HAW-Professorinnen und -Professoren noch wenig Beachtung. Dies liegt auch daran, dass die fachliche und berufliche Weiterentwicklung oft in der Eigenverantwortung der Professorinnen/Professoren gesehen wird (Becker, 2020). Dabei k{\"o}nnen bis zur Pensionierung gut 25 Jahre im Beruf der HAW-Professur verbracht werden (durchschnittliches Alter bei Erstberufung nach eigener Erhebung: 40 Jahre). {\"U}ber diesen Zeitraum gilt es, Arbeitsengagement und berufliche Zufriedenheit zu bewahren. Aus diesem Grund stellt sich die Frage, ob und wie eine Personalentwicklung wirken kann, um Leistung und Engagement nachhaltig aufrechtzuerhalten. Forschungsfrage Die HAW-Professur setzt eine ausgepr{\"a}gte berufliche Kompetenz (Praxis-, Forschungs- und Lehrerfahrung) voraus und erm{\"o}glicht ein hohes Maß an Autonomie (Wilkesmann \& Lauer, 2021). Sie bietet daher optimale Voraussetzungen, um psychologische Grundbed{\"u}rfnisse im Sinne der Self-Determination Theory (Deci \& Ryan, 2000) zu erf{\"u}llen, welche wiederum ein erfolgreiches Wirken in der Arbeit erm{\"o}glichen. Im Rahmen einer deutschlandweiten Befragung von HAW-Professorinnen und -Professoren wurde deshalb der Frage nachgegangen, inwieweit Autonomie- und Kompetenzwahrnehmung und das Zugeh{\"o}rigkeitsgef{\"u}hl zur Hochschulgemeinschaft das Arbeitsengagement und die Zufriedenheit in der HAW-Professur f{\"o}rdern. Methodisches Vorgehen und Datengrundlage {\"U}ber 700 HAW-Professorinnen und Professoren beteiligten sich an einer Online-Befragung zum Thema „Karrierewege und Selbstbestimmung". Dabei wurden u.a. das Arbeitsengagement (Bakker \& Schaufeli, 2015) und die Zufriedenheit (B{\´e}rub{\´e} et al.,2007) erfasst. In Anlehnung an die Self-Determination Theory (Deci \& Ryan, 2000) wurden außerdem die Aspekte Autonomie- und Kompetenzwahrnehmung sowie soziale Eingebundenheit erhoben. Ergebnisse Die Studie liefert Hinweise, wie die Personalentwicklung f{\"u}r HAW-Professuren gestaltet werden kann, um Zufriedenheit und ein hohes Arbeitsengagement aufrechtzuerhalten. Sie lassen also R{\"u}ckschl{\"u}sse auf die Gestaltung einer zielgerichteten und nachhaltigen Personalentwicklung zu. Diese Forschung wird mit Mitteln des Bundesministeriums f{\"u}r Bildung und Forschung und des Landes Bayern als Teil des Projekts Zukunft akademisches Personal der OTH Regensburg (ZAP.OTHR) unter dem Programm „FH-Personal" gef{\"o}rdert.}, language = {de} } @article{Richter, author = {Richter, Stefanie}, title = {Armutsrisiken und prek{\"a}re Lebenslagen im Alter und im Pflegeheim. Das Erleben von (drohender) Armut im Alter im Zuge des {\"U}bergangs in ein Heim und im dortigen Alltag}, series = {neue praxis}, volume = {54}, journal = {neue praxis}, number = {6}, publisher = {Verlag neue praxis}, pages = {563}, language = {de} } @misc{ScheppachMendelRauberetal., author = {Scheppach, Markus W. and Mendel, Robert and Rauber, David and Probst, Andreas and Nagl, Sandra and R{\"o}mmele, Christoph and Meinikheim, Michael and Palm, Christoph and Messmann, Helmut and Ebigbo, Alanna}, title = {Artificial Intelligence (AI) improves endoscopists' vessel detection during endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD)}, series = {Endoscopy}, volume = {56}, journal = {Endoscopy}, number = {S 02}, publisher = {Thieme}, address = {Stuttgart}, doi = {10.1055/s-0044-1782891}, pages = {S93}, abstract = {Aims While AI has been successfully implemented in detecting and characterizing colonic polyps, its role in therapeutic endoscopy remains to be elucidated. Especially third space endoscopy procedures like ESD and peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) pose a technical challenge and the risk of operator-dependent complications like intraprocedural bleeding and perforation. Therefore, we aimed at developing an AI-algorithm for intraprocedural real time vessel detection during ESD and POEM. Methods A training dataset consisting of 5470 annotated still images from 59 full-length videos (47 ESD, 12 POEM) and 179681 unlabeled images was used to train a DeepLabV3+neural network with the ECMT semi-supervised learning method. Evaluation for vessel detection rate (VDR) and time (VDT) of 19 endoscopists with and without AI-support was performed using a testing dataset of 101 standardized video clips with 200 predefined blood vessels. Endoscopists were stratified into trainees and experts in third space endoscopy. Results The AI algorithm had a mean VDR of 93.5\% and a median VDT of 0.32 seconds. AI support was associated with a statistically significant increase in VDR from 54.9\% to 73.0\% and from 59.0\% to 74.1\% for trainees and experts, respectively. VDT significantly decreased from 7.21 sec to 5.09 sec for trainees and from 6.10 sec to 5.38 sec for experts in the AI-support group. False positive (FP) readings occurred in 4.5\% of frames. FP structures were detected significantly shorter than true positives (0.71 sec vs. 5.99 sec). Conclusions AI improved VDR and VDT of trainees and experts in third space endoscopy and may reduce performance variability during training. Further research is needed to evaluate the clinical impact of this new technology.}, language = {en} } @misc{ZellmerRauberProbstetal., author = {Zellmer, Stephan and Rauber, David and Probst, Andreas and Weber, Tobias and Braun, Georg and R{\"o}mmele, Christoph and Nagl, Sandra and Schnoy, Elisabeth and Messmann, Helmut and Ebigbo, Alanna and Palm, Christoph}, title = {Artificial intelligence as a tool in the detection of the papillary ostium during ERCP}, series = {Endoscopy}, volume = {56}, journal = {Endoscopy}, number = {S 02}, publisher = {Thieme}, address = {Stuttgart}, doi = {10.1055/s-0044-1783138}, pages = {S198}, abstract = {Aims Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreaticography (ERCP) is the gold standard in the diagnosis as well as treatment of diseases of the pancreatobiliary tract. However, it is technically complex and has a relatively high complication rate. In particular, cannulation of the papillary ostium remains challenging. The aim of this study is to examine whether a deep-learning algorithm can be used to detect the major duodenal papilla and in particular the papillary ostium reliably and could therefore be a valuable tool for inexperienced endoscopists, particularly in training situation. Methods We analyzed a total of 654 retrospectively collected images of 85 patients. Both the major duodenal papilla and the ostium were then segmented. Afterwards, a neural network was trained using a deep-learning algorithm. A 5-fold cross-validation was performed. Subsequently, we ran the algorithm on 5 prospectively collected videos of ERCPs. Results 5-fold cross-validation on the 654 labeled data resulted in an F1 value of 0.8007, a sensitivity of 0.8409 and a specificity of 0.9757 for the class papilla, and an F1 value of 0.5724, a sensitivity of 0.5456 and a specificity of 0.9966 for the class ostium. Regardless of the class, the average F1 value (class papilla and class ostium) was 0.6866, the sensitivity 0.6933 and the specificity 0.9861. In 100\% of cases the AI-detected localization of the papillary ostium in the prospectively collected videos corresponded to the localization of the cannulation performed by the endoscopist. Conclusions In the present study, the neural network was able to identify the major duodenal papilla with a high sensitivity and high specificity. In detecting the papillary ostium, the sensitivity was notably lower. However, when used on videos, the AI was able to identify the location of the subsequent cannulation with 100\% accuracy. In the future, the neural network will be trained with more data. Thus, a suitable tool for ERCP could be established, especially in the training situation.}, language = {en} } @article{MuehlingSandriesserDendorferetal., author = {M{\"u}hling, Mischa and Sandriesser, Sabrina and Dendorfer, Sebastian and Augat, Peter}, title = {Assessment of implant internal stresses under physiological femoral loading: Translation to a simplified bending load model}, series = {Journal of Biomechanics}, journal = {Journal of Biomechanics}, number = {112229}, publisher = {Elsevier}, issn = {1873-2380}, doi = {10.1016/j.jbiomech.2024.112229}, pages = {17}, abstract = {The success of surgical treatment for fractures hinges on various factors, notably accurate surgical indication. The process of developing and certifying a new osteosynthesis device is a lengthy and costly process that requires multiple cycles of review and validation. Current methods, however, often rely on predecessor standards rather than physiological loads in specific anatomical locations. This study aimed to determine actual loads experienced by an osteosynthesis plate, exemplified by a standard locking plate for the femoral shaft, utilizing finite elements analysis (FEA) and to obtain the bending moments for implant development standard tests. A protocol was developed, involving the creation and validation of a fractured femur model fixed with a locking plate, mechanical testing, and FEA. The model's validation demonstrated exceptional accuracy in predicting deformations, and the FEA revealed peak stresses in the fracture bridging zone. Results of a parametric analysis indicate that larger fracture gaps significantly impact implant mechanical behavior, potentially compromising stability. This study underscores the critical need for realistic physiological conditions in implant evaluations, providing an innovative translational approach to identify internal loads and optimize implant designs. In conclusion, this research contributes to enhancing the understanding of implant performance under physiological conditions, promoting improved designs and evaluations in fracture treatments.}, language = {en} } @incollection{FrommeldWeber, author = {Frommeld, Debora and Weber, Karsten}, title = {Aufkl{\"a}rung, Risiko, Datennutzung: Ergebnisse einer MEESTAR-Befragung zu Telepr{\"a}senzrobotern}, series = {Digitale Technik f{\"u}r ambulante Pflege und Therapie III - Nutzung Akzeptanz Wirkung und Lebensqualit{\"a}t}, booktitle = {Digitale Technik f{\"u}r ambulante Pflege und Therapie III - Nutzung Akzeptanz Wirkung und Lebensqualit{\"a}t}, editor = {Weber, Karsten and Haug, Sonja and Lauer, Norina and Mohr, Christa}, publisher = {transcript}, address = {Bielefeld}, isbn = {978-3-8376-6728-8}, doi = {10.14361/9783839467282-011}, pages = {241 -- 272}, language = {de} }