@incollection{Sterner, author = {Sterner, Michael}, title = {Power-to-Gas}, series = {Handbook of Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation}, volume = {36}, booktitle = {Handbook of Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation}, editor = {Chen, Wei-Yin and Suzuki, Toshio and Lackner, Maximilian}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {New York, NY}, isbn = {978-1-4614-6431-0}, doi = {10.1007/978-1-4614-6431-0_89-1}, pages = {1 -- 51}, abstract = {This chapter provides an overview on the storage technology power-to-gas for the decarbonization of all energy sectors. Other than "negative emissions" with CCS or biomass, which have clear limits in potentials, costs and environmental benefits, storage and energy conversion technologies like power-to-gas and power-to-x enable the decarbonization by neutralizing the CO2 footprint of all energy services. Via the conversion of renewable electricity into chemical energy carriers like renewable hydrogen or renewable hydrocarbons, the existing fossil infrastructure with vast and sufficient storage and transport capacities can be used with carbon neutral renewable energy. After showing the demand for storage technologies, the technology components of power-to-gas are described, building the basis for the storage system power-to-gas itself that is described in detail, including efficiency, potential, CO2 emissions, and costs. In conclusion, a technical pathway of decarbonization including costs is described for the industrial nation of Germany and necessary policy frameworks are derived.}, language = {en} } @incollection{StrohmayerBrueckl, author = {Strohmayer, Bernhard and Br{\"u}ckl, Oliver}, title = {Systemvergleich von Netzausbauoptionen in Niederspannungsnetzen}, series = {3. OTTI-Konferenz : zuk{\"u}nftige Stromnetze f{\"u}r Erneuerbare Energien, Berlin, 26./27. Januar 2016}, booktitle = {3. OTTI-Konferenz : zuk{\"u}nftige Stromnetze f{\"u}r Erneuerbare Energien, Berlin, 26./27. Januar 2016}, address = {Regensburg}, organization = {Ostbayerisches Technologie-Transfer-Institut (OTTI)}, isbn = {978-3-943891-63-8}, pages = {256 -- 261}, abstract = {Die Einhaltung der Spannungsbandgrenzen im Niederspannungsnetz durch die dezentrale Emspeisung von Erzeugungsanlagen ist oft der Grund f{\"u}r Netzausbaumaßnahmen. Dem Netzbetreiber stehen mittlerweile viele Losungsmaßnahmen zur Behebung des Spannungsbandproblems zur Verf{\"u}gung Innovative Konzepte wie der regelbare Ortsnetztransformator (RONT) oder Blindleistungsregelung sind bereits serienreif und werden eingesetzt. Unklarheit herrscht oft noch dar{\"u}ber, welche Maßnahmen bzw Kombinationen langfristig wirtschaftlich g{\"u}nstig sind und sich hinsichtlich der Netzplanung als vorteilhaft erweisen. Ein Forschungsprojekt an der Ostbayerischen Technischen Hochschule Regensburg untersucht verschiedene L{\"o}sungsmaßnahmen systematisch, um sie wirtschaftlich, technisch und energetisch bewerten zu k{\"o}nnen. In 20 Netzen wird in diskreten Schritten die Integration von Erzeugungskapazit{\"a}t am Beispiel der PV simuliert. Der Zubau umfasst den Bereich von 0-100\% des m{\"o}glichen Dachfl{\"a}chenpotenzials. Nach jedem Zubauschritt wird die maximale Spannungsanhebung berechnet. Bei {\"U}berschreiten einer Spannungsanhebung in H{\"o}he der in [VDE, FNN Erzeugungsanlagen am Niederspannungsnetz, VDE-AR-N 4105:2011-08] verankerten drei Prozentpunkte, oder der Stromtragf{\"a}higkeitsgrenze eines Betriebsmittels erfolgt ein Netzausbau. Dabei werden die Optionen RONT, die Parallelverkabelung, drei Stufen des Einspeisemanagements (Spitzenkappung auf 85\%, 70\% und 55\%), die Blindleistungsregelung (cosφ(P)), der Zubau von zus{\"a}tzlichen Ortsnetzstationen und die Verwendung von Strangreglern untersucht. Je kleiner das Ortsnetz, desto st{\"a}rker bedingt sich die Kostenentwicklung durch die gew{\"a}hlte Prim{\"a}rmaßnahme. Klassischer Netzausbau ist in kleinen Netzen meist teurer als der Einsatz von RONT oder Strangreglern. In gr{\"o}ßeren Netzen k{\"o}nnen Parallelverkabelung oder zus{\"a}tzliche ONS zu g{\"u}nstigen Ausbaupfaden f{\"u}hren. Maßnahmen die anfangs nahezu keine Investition in Netzbetriebsmittel ben{\"o}tigen (Einspeisemanagement, Blindleistungsregelung) sind initial mit Abstand am g{\"u}nstigsten. Im Mittel g{\"u}nstiger als RONT sind anfangs auch Verkabelung und Strangregler, jedoch bei h{\"o}herer Ergebnisstreuung. Bereits nach f{\"u}nf Perioden liegen die mittleren Gegenwartswerte f{\"u}r starke Spitzenkappung, Blindleistungsregelung und zus{\"a}tzliche ONS h{\"a}ufig {\"u}ber der Maßnahme RONT. Die geringste Kostenstreuung tritt beim Einsatz von RONT auf. Mittel- und langfristig liegen die Mediane fast aller Prim{\"a}rmaßnahmen {\"u}ber den wahrscheinlich auftretenden Kosten f{\"u}r Strangregler und RONT. Bei Erschließung von zus{\"a}tzlichen 25\% des theoretisch maximalen Potenzials nach Erreichen der NAK betragen die Kosten bei RONT-Einsatz ca. 125/kWp. Parallelverkabelung verursacht rd. 45, Blindleistungsregelung rd. 55 €/kWp Mehrkosten. Bei 50\% des Ausbaupotenzials f{\"u}hren Parallelverkabelung und Blindleistungsregelung mit im Mittel 50 bzw. 75 €/kWp sogar zu noch h{\"o}heren Mehrkosten. F{\"u}r 20 GW PV-Leistung in der Niederspannung bedeutet dies {\"u}ber 1 Mrd. Zusatzkosten. RONT und Strangregler erweisen sich zudem kostenrobust gegen{\"u}ber unerwartet ausbleibendem Kapazit{\"a}tszubau. Analysen dazu und Ergebnisse f{\"u}r andere Zinss{\"a}tze und Zeitskalen befinden sich in [INA, Informationsportal: Regelbare Ortsnetztransformatoren, 2015. http://ront.info].}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{DessortChucholowskiRill, author = {Dessort, Ronnie and Chucholowski, Cornelius and Rill, Georg}, title = {Parametrical approach for modeling of tire forces and torques in TMeasy 5}, series = {16. Internationales Stuttgarter Symposium, Automobil- und Motorentechnik, Bd. 1}, booktitle = {16. Internationales Stuttgarter Symposium, Automobil- und Motorentechnik, Bd. 1}, editor = {Bargende, Michael and Reuss, Hans-Christian and Wiedemann, Jochen}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Wiesbaden}, isbn = {978-3-658-13254-5}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-658-13255-2_31}, pages = {435 -- 449}, abstract = {For the dynamic simulation of on-road vehicles, the model-element "tire/road" is of special importance, according to its influence on the achievable results. Sufficient description of the interaction between tire and road is one of the most challenging tasks of vehicle modeling. Two groups of tire models can be classified: handling models and structural or high-frequency models. Usually, various assumptions are made in modeling vehicles as multibody systems. Therefore, in the interest of balanced modeling, the precision of the complete vehicle model should stand in reasonable relation to the performance of the applied tire model. Handling tire models are characterized by a useful compromise between user friendliness, model complexity, and efficiency in computation time on the one hand, and precision in representation on the other hand.}, language = {en} } @misc{OPUS4-6694, title = {Energieforschung}, edition = {Ausgabe 2016}, publisher = {OTH Regensburg}, organization = {Ostbayerische Technische Hochschule Regensburg / Regensburg Center of Energy and Resources (RCER)}, doi = {10.35096/othr/pub-6694}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-66948}, abstract = {Das Regensburg Center of Energy and Resources (RCER) b{\"u}ndelt seit 2012 die Aktivit{\"a}ten der Ostbayerischen Technischen Hochschule Regensburg (OTH Regensburg) und der regionalen Wirtschaftsunternehmen auf dem Strategiefeld „Energie und Ressourcen".}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{BeckeSchlegl, author = {Becke, Mark and Schlegl, Thomas}, title = {Least squares pose estimation of cylinder axes from multiple views using contour line features}, series = {IECON 2015 - 41st Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, 9-12 Nov. 2015, Yokohama, Japan}, booktitle = {IECON 2015 - 41st Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, 9-12 Nov. 2015, Yokohama, Japan}, publisher = {IEEE}, doi = {10.1109/IECON.2015.7392371}, pages = {1855 -- 1861}, abstract = {In this paper, a new method for a minimum-error pose estimation of cylinder axes based on apparent contour line features from multiple views is presented. Novel model equations for both single and particularly multiple views are derived, and based upon these, an iterative algorithm for least squares fitting the model to imaged cylinder contour line features is introduced. The good performance and fast convergence of the proposed algorithm is shown by solving exemplary fitting problems.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{HofmeisterKrebsSchickhuberetal., author = {Hofmeister, Justus and Krebs, Stefan and Schickhuber, Gerald and Scharfenberg, Georg}, title = {Design and development of a Pico Hydro turbine system for the use in developing countries}, series = {2015 5th International Youth Conference on Energy (IYCE), 27-30 May 2015, Pisa, Italy}, booktitle = {2015 5th International Youth Conference on Energy (IYCE), 27-30 May 2015, Pisa, Italy}, publisher = {IEEE}, doi = {10.1109/IYCE.2015.7180767}, pages = {1 -- 7}, abstract = {In Sub-Saharan Africa less than 10\% of the rural population has access to electricity [1]. Stand-alone power systems (SPS) can be a solution to the problem of the lack of electricity, which highlights challenges such as modules installation costs as well as the sufficient knowledge required for installing, maintaining and operating such systems. With this fact in mind, a 250 W Low Head turbine system was developed and optimized to have the advantage of the simplicity of installation and a construction from readily available materials. This design scores the electrical efficiency of 60\%, reduces manufacturing unit coast to 130 € and takes into account the necessity of providing a clear and simple manual describing the manufacturing and installation. A better version of the load controller, using a microcomputer is under current development. Mounting of the system have been simplified to reduce the amount of construction material required to provide uninterrupted 230 V at 50 Hz AC or optional 12 V DC power supply. Current efforts aim on transferring the required mechanical and electrical knowledge for building, programming, installing and maintaining such system to schools in targeted countries. This project doesn't only provide people in rural developing countries a gleam of hope to catch up with the developed countries, but also helps students to use their theoretical knowledge to realize practical applications.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{HaumerKral, author = {Haumer, Anton and Kral, Christian}, title = {Enhancements of Electric Machine Models: The EMachines Library}, series = {Proceedings of the 11th International Modelica Conference, Versailles, France, September 21-23, 2015}, volume = {118}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 11th International Modelica Conference, Versailles, France, September 21-23, 2015}, publisher = {Link{\"o}ping University Electronic Press}, doi = {10.3384/ecp15118509}, pages = {509 -- 515}, abstract = {Transient models of multi phase electric machines are already implemented in the Modelica Standard Library (MSL). However, advanced effects like saturation and skin effect are not taken into account. As an extension to the MSL models, the new EMachines library is presented. This package will be released as a supplemental library to the commercial EDrives library. The particular focus of this paper is on the deep bar effect of induction machines. A comparison of simulation results demonstrates the influence of the skin effect on the operational behavior of the machines. At the end of this publication further developments of the EMachines library will be outlined.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{Becke, author = {Becke, Mark}, title = {On Modeling and Least Squares Fitting of Cylinders from Single and Multiple Views Using Contour Line Features}, series = {Intelligent Robotics and Applications}, volume = {9246}, booktitle = {Intelligent Robotics and Applications}, editor = {Liu, Honghai and Kubota, Naoyuki and Zhu, Xiangyang and Dillmann, R{\"u}diger}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Cham}, isbn = {978-3-319-22872-3}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-22873-0_33}, pages = {372 -- 385}, abstract = {In this paper, a new method for a minimum-error pose estimation of cylinder axes based on apparent contour line features from multiple views is presented. Novel model equations for both single and particularly multiple views are derived, and based upon these, an algorithm for least squares fitting the model to imaged cylinder contour line features is introduced. The good performance of the proposed algorithm is shown by solving an exemplary fitting problem.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{EberhartChungHaumeretal., author = {Eberhart, Philip and Chung, Tek Shan and Haumer, Anton and Kral, Christian}, title = {Open Source Library for the Simulation of Wind Power Plants}, series = {Proceedings of the 11th International Modelica Conference, Versailles, France, September 21-23, 2015}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 11th International Modelica Conference, Versailles, France, September 21-23, 2015}, address = {Link{\"o}ping}, doi = {10.3384/ecp15118929}, pages = {929 -- 936}, abstract = {This paper presents the new open source Modelica libraryWindPowerPlants. For the economic assessment of either a wind power plant or an entire wind park, the accurate prediction of the energy output is essential. Such prediction is usually performed by means of calculations based on statistical wind data. The proposed WindPowerPlants library is capable of assessing the energy output both for statistical and real wind data based on time domain simulations. In the presented version of the library wind turbine models are modeled with pitch control. The generator models have variable speed and an optional connector to the mains. The entire library is based on power balance conditions and losses are fully neglected. Yet, the library can be extended towards more detailed models considering different types of losses. The structure and components of the library are presented. Simulations examples are shown and compared with reference data. The applicability of the proposed WindPowerPlants library is demonstrated and possible enhancements are discussed.}, language = {en} } @book{FreniDawoudBonaccorsietal., author = {Freni, Angelo and Dawoud, Belal and Bonaccorsi, Lucio Maria and Chmielewski, Stefanie and Frazzica, Andrea and Calabrese, Luigi and Restuccia, Giovanni}, title = {Characterization of Zeolite-Based Coatings for Adsorption Heat Pumps}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Berlin}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-09327-7}, pages = {96 S.}, abstract = {This book proposes a radically new approach for characterizing thermophysical and mechanical properties of zeolite-based adsorbent coatings for Adsorptive Heat Transformers (AHT). It presents a developed standard protocol for the complete characterization of advanced coated adsorbers. Providing an in-depth analysis of the different procedures necessary for evaluating the performance of adsorbers, it also presents an analysis of their stability under the hydrothermal and mechanical stresses during their entire life cycle. Adsorptive Heat Transformers (AHT), especially adsorption chillers and heat pumps, are considered to be promising technologies to increase thermal energy efficiency. Nevertheless, an overall increase in performance of this apparatus is necessary for them to be considered a mature technology to be used commercially. Development of innovative coated adsorbers can be perceived as a key issue for the enhancement of AHT technology. This procedure relies on the deposition, either by means of a binder or by direct crystallization, of the adsorbent material over a metallic heat exchanger, aiming at the improvement of the heat transfer between the external heat source and the adsorbent itself. This book offers a valuable resource to those working on the development of novel adsorbent materials and advanced adsorbent beds for heating and cooling applications. It is also intended for researchers interested in renewable energy and energy efficiency.}, language = {en} }