@phdthesis{Ehrlich, author = {Ehrlich, Ingo}, title = {Impactverhalten schwach gekr{\"u}mmter Strukturen aus faserverst{\"a}rkten Kunststoffen}, address = {M{\"u}nchen}, language = {de} } @article{BodeEhrlich, author = {Bode, J. and Ehrlich, Ingo}, title = {Entwicklung eines finiten Elements f{\"u}r Sandwichanwendungen}, series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Angewandte Mathematik und Mechanik (ZAMM), Journal of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics}, volume = {77}, journal = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Angewandte Mathematik und Mechanik (ZAMM), Journal of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics}, number = {1}, pages = {41 -- 42}, language = {de} } @article{RomanoHoinkesEhrlichetal., author = {Romano, Marco and Hoinkes, Carl J. J. and Ehrlich, Ingo and H{\"o}cherl, Johannes and Gebbeken, Norbert}, title = {Experimental investigation of energy dissipation properties of fibre reinforced plastics with hybrid layups under high-velocity impact loads}, series = {Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering (JAMME)}, volume = {64}, journal = {Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering (JAMME)}, number = {1}, pages = {14 -- 20}, abstract = {Purpose: The present work deals with the experimental investigation concerning the energy dissipation capacity of different kinds of reinforcement fibres in monolithic and hybrid layups under high velocity impact loads. The investigated kinds of fibres are carbon, glass and basalt. Design/methodology/approach: The test panels have been impregnated with thermoset resin. Curing was done by autoclave processing. In order to obtain comparable fibre volume contents of approx. 60 \% in the different layups (monolithic and hybrid without and with separating layer), curing cycles adapted to the type of layup have been identified. The resulting fibre volume content of the test panels has been determined both by weighing and experimentally by chemical extraction and calcination. The impact load was applied by an instrumented experimental setup. Thereby both commercially available bullets and bearing balls accelerated with weighted propellant in a sabot have been used as impactors. The measured values are the velocities of the bearing balls as the impactor before and after penetration of the test panels. Findings: In both cases the results show the energy dissipation capacity of each single kind of fibre in case of the monolithic layups as well as the enhanced properties of the hybrid stacked layups without and with the separating layer as a core material. Typical failure modes on the impact surface and on the outlet areas are identified. Research limitations/implications: The influence of the respective kind of impactors, namely bullets and bearing balls, on the evaluated results is identified. Thereby the bearing balls exhibited a higher degree of reproducibility due to several reasons. Originality/value: Fibre reinforced plastics with hybrid stacking sequences can be used as load-bearing structures and at the same time as safety structures for passengers in automotive or aerospace applications. Moreover, with the hybrid stacked composites lightweight concepts can efficiently be realized regarding energy saving issues.}, language = {en} } @article{SieglEhrlich, author = {Siegl, Marco and Ehrlich, Ingo}, title = {Transformation of the Mechanical Properties of Fiber-Reinforced Plastic Tubes from the Cartesian Coordinate System into the Cylindrical Coordinate System for the Application of Bending Models}, series = {Athens Journal of Technology \& Engineering}, volume = {4}, journal = {Athens Journal of Technology \& Engineering}, number = {1}, pages = {47 -- 62}, abstract = {Fiber-reinforced plastic (FRP) tubes are used in many different industries, such as electrical engineering and pipeline construction. The tubes are frequently subjected to bending loads, depending on the application. In order that the dimensioning of the tubes can be ensured, analytical bending models are used to calculate the resulting stresses, strains and displacements in the individual layers of the laminate. This enables the making of a statement about the failure of the fiber-reinforced tube by choosing an appropriate failure criterion. For the use of these bending models, it is necessary to understand the respective underlying theory. The theory provides the basis for the mathematical description of the mechanical properties for a single-layered tube and using the relationships between the stresses and strains that occur in the Cylindrical coordinate system for this calculation step. For this reason, a redefinition of the compliance matrix from the transformation about the winding angle to the Cylindrical coordinate system and a modification of the stress and strain vectors is necessary, because the defined Cartesian coordinate system of the model cannot be used for wounded FRP tubes. The transformation causes an exchange of entries in the compliance matrix, which remain in the correct relationship between the particular stress and strains. This step is not specified and may lead to incorrect results due to the incorrect entry of compliances. The present publication refers to sketch on this issue and represent a simplification of the changeover to the level required by the bending models notation of vectors in the form of a permutation. In addition, a new name for the pre-acquisition of the redefined compliances is given to prevent confusion when entering the material law of a bending model. Finally, the permuted and redefined compliances are proved in an example to determine their accuracy.}, language = {en} } @article{RomanoEhrlichGebbeken, author = {Romano, Marco and Ehrlich, Ingo and Gebbeken, Norbert}, title = {Parametric characterization of a mesomechanic kinematic in plain and twill weave 2/2 reinforced composites by FE-calculations}, series = {Archives of Materials Science and Engineering (ArchivesMSE)}, volume = {97}, journal = {Archives of Materials Science and Engineering (ArchivesMSE)}, number = {1-2}, publisher = {Index Copernicus}, issn = {1897-2764}, doi = {10.5604/01.3001.0013.2869}, pages = {20 -- 38}, abstract = {Purpose: A parametric characterization of a mesomechanic kinematic caused by ondulation in fabric reinforced composites is investigated by numerical investigations. Design/methodology/approach: Due to the definition of plain representative sequences of balanced plain-weave and twill-weave 2/2 fabric reinforced single layers based on sines the variable geometric parameters are the amplitude and the length of the ondulation. Findings: The mesomechanic kinematic can be observed in the FE analyses for both kinds of fabric constructions. Research limitations/implications: The FE analyses consider elasticity and contraction due to Poisson effects, respectively, of the model under selected longitudinal strains. Practical implications: The results are evaluated at relevant positions on the centre-line of the ondulated warp-yarn of the plain representative model. A direct and linear coupling in case of the transversal kinematic behaviour, and thereby a corresponding definite reduction of the evaluated longitudinal strains in terms of the difference of the applied and determined longitudinal strains is identified. Originality/value: Both characteristic purely kinematic reactions due to geometric constraints directly depend on the introduced degree of ondulation. This non-dimensional parameter relates amplitude and length of one complete ondulation, and thus represents the intensity of the ondulation of the respective fabric construction.}, language = {en} } @article{RomanoEhrlichGebbeken, author = {Romano, Marco and Ehrlich, Ingo and Gebbeken, Norbert}, title = {Structural mechanic material damping in fabric reinforced composites}, series = {Archives of Materials Science and Engineering (ArchivesMSE)}, volume = {88}, journal = {Archives of Materials Science and Engineering (ArchivesMSE)}, number = {1}, doi = {10.5604/01.3001.0010.7747}, pages = {12 -- 41}, abstract = {Purpose: A review regarding the acting mechanisms of structural dynamic material damping in fabric reinforced composites is presented. Design/methodology/approach: Mechanical acting principles identified by different investigations are considered. Aspects of the determination and calculation of structural mechanical material properties of fabric reinforced composites are described. Approaches intending the description and classification of ondulations in fabrics reinforced single layers are demonstrated. Findings: The mesomechanic geometry of fabrics is not considered sufficiently by relatively simple homogenization approaches. Yet, it significantly affects its structural dynamic material properties, especially the dynamic ones. Research limitations/implications: In each case the different damping mechanisms act coupled and occur at the same time. Therefore a separation procedure is required in any case. Practical implications: Against the background of the comparison and remarks of the presented papers a reasonable further procedure is recommended. Thereby, FE-calculations with a parametrical variation of the mesomechanic geometry in order to identify kinematic correlations due to geometric constraints are suggested. Originality/value: The idea of the representation of the geometric conditions in terms of a degree of ondulation is described. Such a non-dimensional specific value representing the intensity of the ondulation would enable the comparability of the results of different kinds of investigations.}, language = {en} } @article{ValentinoSgambitterraFurgiueleetal., author = {Valentino, Piergiorgio and Sgambitterra, Emanuele and Furgiuele, Franco and Romano, Marco and Ehrlich, Ingo and Gebbeken, Norbert}, title = {Mechanical characterization of basalt woven fabric composites}, series = {Frattura ed Integrit{\`a} Strutturale (Fracture and Structural Integrity)}, volume = {8}, journal = {Frattura ed Integrit{\`a} Strutturale (Fracture and Structural Integrity)}, number = {28}, doi = {10.3221/IGF-ESIS.28.01}, pages = {1 -- 11}, abstract = {Basalt fabric composite, with different twill wave reinforcements, i.e. twill 2/2 and twill 1/3, have been studied in this work by means of experimental tests and numerical finite element (FE) simulations. As fabric reinforcements show repeating undulations of warp and fill yarn, simple mixtures law cannot be applied. As a consequence, the mesoscopic scale, lying between the microscopic and the macroscopic one, has to be taken into account to mechanically characterize a fabric reinforced composite. The aim of this work is to evaluate the stiffness of a fabric reinforced composite in warp and fill direction. In particular a numerical FE model, assuming elliptical sections and sinusoidal shape of the yarns, has been implemented and experimental tests have been carried out in order to validate the proposed model. Finally, the strength and the failure modes le orientation, have been experimentally investigated.}, language = {en} } @article{RomanoHoinkesEhrlichetal., author = {Romano, Marco and Hoinkes, Carl J. J. and Ehrlich, Ingo and H{\"o}cherl, Johannes and Gebbeken, Norbert}, title = {Experimental investigation of fibre reinforced plastics with hybrid layups under high-velocity impact loads}, series = {Frattura ed Integrit{\`a} Strutturale (Fracture and Structural Integrity)}, volume = {8}, journal = {Frattura ed Integrit{\`a} Strutturale (Fracture and Structural Integrity)}, number = {29}, doi = {10.3221/IGF-ESIS.29.34}, pages = {384 -- 398}, abstract = {This paper deals with experimental investigations concerning energy dissipation capacity of different kinds of reinforcement fibres in monolithic and hybrid layups under high-velocity impact loads. The investigated kinds of fibres are carbon, glass and basalt fibres. Therefore test panels, using the same thermoset resin, were built up and cured by autoclave processing. The fibre volume content of the test panels has been determined. Furthermore the influence of a separating layer at selected positions in the hybrid stacked panels was investigated. The results show the influence and the energy dissipation capacity of each single kind of fibre and the enhanced properties for the hybrid layups by hybrid stacking sequences and the use of a separating core material.}, language = {en} } @techreport{PutzerRasmussenEhrlichetal., author = {Putzer, Michael and Rasmussen, John and Ehrlich, Ingo and Gebbeken, Norbert and Dendorfer, Sebastian}, title = {Muskuloskelettale Simulation zur Untersuchung des Einflusses geometrischer Parameter der Wirbelk{\"o}rper auf die Belastung der Lendenwirbels{\"a}ule}, series = {Forschungsbericht 2013 / Ostbayerische Technische Hochschule Regensburg}, journal = {Forschungsbericht 2013 / Ostbayerische Technische Hochschule Regensburg}, editor = {Baier, Wolfgang}, address = {Regensburg}, organization = {Ostbayerische Technische Hochschule Regensburg}, pages = {60 -- 61}, language = {de} } @article{WiesentSpearNonn, author = {Wiesent, Lisa and Spear, Ashley and Nonn, Aida}, title = {Computational analysis of the effects of geometric irregularities on the interaction of an additively manufactured 316L stainless steel stent and a coronary artery}, series = {Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials}, volume = {125}, journal = {Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials}, publisher = {Elsevier}, issn = {1751-6161}, doi = {10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104878}, abstract = {Customized additively manufactured (laser powder bed fused (L-PBF)) stents could improve the treatment of complex lesions by enhancing stent-artery conformity. However, geometric irregularities inherent for L-PBF stents are expected to influence not only their mechanical behavior but also their interaction with the artery. In this study, the influence of geometrical irregularities on stent-artery interaction is evaluated within a numerical framework. Thus, computed arterial stresses induced by a reconstructed L-PBF stent model are compared to those induced by the intended stent model (also representing a stent geometry obtained from conventional manufacturing processes) and a modified CAD stent model that accounts for the increased strut thickness inherent for L-PBF stents. It was found that, similar to conventionally manufactured stents, arterial stresses are initially related to the basic stent design/topology, with the highest stresses occurring at the indentations of the stent struts. Compared to the stent CAD model, the L-PBF stent induces distinctly higher and more maximum volume stresses within the plaque and the arterial wall. In return, the modified CAD model overestimates the arterial stresses induced by the L-PBF stent due to its homogeneously increased strut thickness and thus its homogeneously increased geometric stiffness compared with the L-PBF stent. Therefore, the L-PBF-induced geometric irregularities must be explicitly considered when evaluating the L-PBF stent-induced stresses because the intended stent CAD model underestimates the arterial stresses, whereas the modified CAD model overestimates them. The arterial stresses induced by the L-PBF stent were still within the range of values reported for conventional stents in literature, suggesting that the use of L-PBF stents is conceivable in principle. However, because geometric irregularities, such as protruding features from the stent surface, could potentially damage the artery or lead to premature stent failure, further improvement of L-PBF stents is essential.}, language = {en} }