@article{RolfesBittnerFangerauetal., author = {Rolfes, Vasilija and Bittner, Uta and Fangerau, Heiner and Weber, Karsten}, title = {Is it all about revising, correcting, and transferring genes?}, series = {The American Journal of Bioethics}, volume = {20}, journal = {The American Journal of Bioethics}, number = {8}, publisher = {Taylor \& Francis}, doi = {10.1080/15265161.2020.1782526}, pages = {30 -- 32}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{NagenborgWeber, author = {Nagenborg, Michael and Weber, Karsten}, title = {Ubiquitous Computing, Pervasive Computing, Ambient Intelligence ... Surveillance and Control?}, series = {Informatik 2007 - Informatik trifft Logistik, Band 1 der Proceedings zur 37. Jahrestagung der Gesellschaft f{\"u}r Informatik e.V. (GI); 24.-27. September 2007 in Bremen}, booktitle = {Informatik 2007 - Informatik trifft Logistik, Band 1 der Proceedings zur 37. Jahrestagung der Gesellschaft f{\"u}r Informatik e.V. (GI); 24.-27. September 2007 in Bremen}, editor = {Koschke, Rainer}, publisher = {Gesellschaft f{\"u}r Informatik e.V.}, address = {Bonn}, isbn = {978-3-88579-203-1}, pages = {329 -- 333}, language = {en} } @incollection{Weber, author = {Weber, Karsten}, title = {Civil Society as a Means against Hate Speech}, series = {Crisis and critique: philosophical analysis and current events}, booktitle = {Crisis and critique: philosophical analysis and current events}, editor = {Siegetsleitner, Anne and Oberprantacher, Andreas and Frick, Marie-Luisa and Metschl, Ulrich}, publisher = {De Gruyter}, address = {Berlin}, isbn = {9783110702255}, doi = {10.1515/9783110702255-012}, pages = {175 -- 188}, abstract = {On closer examination, the concept of civil society becomes blurred, for instance, on the crucial question of who belongs to civil society. The different answers to this question show how controversial the concept of civil society is, since it cannot be assumed that members of civil society would be morally particularly preferable actors. If, however, the conceptual foundations of and the question of membership in civil society already raise doubts about this concept, the recourse to civil society as a means against fake news and hate speech itself, which is often heard in public debates, becomes doubtful.}, subject = {Hassrede}, language = {en} } @incollection{Weber, author = {Weber, Karsten}, title = {Cybersecurity and Ethics}, series = {The Routledge Handbook of Smart Technologies}, booktitle = {The Routledge Handbook of Smart Technologies}, publisher = {Routledge}, address = {New York}, isbn = {9780429351921}, doi = {10.4324/9780429351921-36}, pages = {608 -- 622}, abstract = {The text aims to demonstrate that establishing cybersecurity is not only a technical challenge, but that legal, economic, or organizational aspects also play at least as important a role. The provision of cybersecurity raises ethical questions, since cybersecurity can affect moral values such as autonomy, freedom, or privacy. If measurements necessary for the provision of cybersecurity shall be accepted, it is essential to find a balance between the different claims of all stakeholders involved. This aim is achieved through a detailed ethical analysis accompanied by an extensive literature study. As the most important result of this analysis, it becomes obvious that cybersecurity is in competition or even conflict with other values and interests, and that establishing cybersecurity always involves a trade-off. Not only can there be no 100 percent cybersecurity for technical reasons, but if other values and interests are to be considered, this inevitably leads to compromises in cybersecurity.}, language = {en} } @unpublished{DotterVetterHaugetal., author = {Dotter, Caroline and Vetter, Miriam and Haug, Sonja and Weber, Karsten}, title = {Determinants of Electricity Expenditure by Private Households. Analysis of the 2018 Survey of Income and Expenditure for Germany}, publisher = {SSRN - Elsevier}, doi = {10.2139/ssrn.4815428}, abstract = {Determinants of household electricity consumption measured by smart meters found by the authors in a scoping review were analyzed for the example of Germany utilizing the 2018 Survey of Income and Expenditure. All variables identified in the scoping review were covered in the survey (number and type of appliances, sociodemographic, and dwelling-related aspects). One can therefore use this large representative data set to test these relationships for German households. Expenditure on electricity is considered an indicator of household electricity consumption. The determinants show weak to moderate correlations with energy expenditure in bivariate analyses. The multivariate analysis shows effects of household-specific, dwelling-related, and appliance-specific factors. Models considering only one aspect overestimate this effect. Thus, all three aspects should be considered simultaneously when explaining residential electricity consumption. The largest effects are found for electricity as the main energy source for heating, the number of household members, as well as their presence at home. While household structure plays an important part in explaining residential energy consumption, dwelling and appliance-related aspects influence it as well. The latter aspects may be influenced by appropriate policy measures.}, language = {en} } @unpublished{Weber, author = {Weber, Karsten}, title = {The Challenges of Immersion, or: When (from a Normative Point of View) Extended Reality might just be Reality}, doi = {10.13140/RG.2.2.18631.98721}, abstract = {Psychiatry" by Ligthart et al. (2021) Ligthart et al. (2021) introduce the idea that "Extended Reality (XR) systems, such as Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR)," could be used for forensic psychiatry, and then go into detail about considerations that advocate for and against the use of XR systems in forensic psychiatry. Yet, in doing so, they implicitly make presuppositions about the functionality and performance of such systems, which first already seem to be questionable from a technical point of view, understood in a broad sense, but moreover, subsequently have far-reaching significance for a normative assessment of the use of such systems. The following remarks will therefore first describe what Ligthart et al. do not explicitly say about the required technology but must presuppose, and then outline the normative consequences of this omission. In the following, the focus will be placed on virtual reality since the use cases initially mentioned by Ligthart et al. suggest that the authors have also such systems in mind. Presumably, however, the remarks made here can also be applied to Augmented and Extended Reality systems.}, language = {en} } @article{Weber, author = {Weber, Karsten}, title = {Cybersecurity and ethical, social, and political considerations : when cybersecurity for all is not on the table}, series = {Humanities and Social Sciences - HSS : Research Journal}, volume = {29}, journal = {Humanities and Social Sciences - HSS : Research Journal}, number = {1 (January-March)}, publisher = {Oficyna Wydawn. Politechn.}, address = {Rzesz{\´o}w}, organization = {Politechnika Rzeszowska Imienia Ignacego Łukasiewicza}, issn = {2300-5327}, doi = {10.7862/rz.2022.hss.07}, pages = {87 -- 95}, abstract = {The text aims to demonstrate that establishing cybersecurity is not only a technical challenge, but that legal, economic, or organizational aspects also play at least an important role. The provision of cybersecurity raises ethical questions, since cybersecurity can affect moral values such as autonomy, freedom, or privacy. If measurements necessary for the provision of cybersecurity shall be accepted, it is essential to find a balance between the different claims of all stakeholders involved. This aim is achieved through a detailed ethical analysis accompanied by an extensive literature study. As the most important result of this analysis, it becomes obvious that cybersecurity is in competition or even conflict with other values and interests, and that establishing cybersecurity always involves a trade-off. Not only can there be no 100 percent cybersecurity for technical reasons, but if other values andinterests are to be considered, this inevitably leads to compromises in cybersecurity.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{Weber, author = {Weber, Karsten}, title = {Extended Model for Ethical Evaluation}, series = {Developing Support Technologies : Integrating Multiple Perspectives to Create Assistance that People Really Want}, booktitle = {Developing Support Technologies : Integrating Multiple Perspectives to Create Assistance that People Really Want}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Cham}, isbn = {978-3-030-01836-8}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-01836-8_25}, pages = {257 -- 263}, abstract = {Failure to pay attention to ethical, legal, and social aspects or impacts (ELSA/ELSI) of technology can have considerable negative repercussions like lack of acceptance of a new technology, product, or service among prospective users and thus economic failure. Furthermore, funding institutions expect researchers and developers taking ELSA into account; in the EU, this is called Responsible Research \& Innovation. In order to implement this concept in R\&D, tools are needed; in what follows MEESTAR and its successor MEESTAR2 shall be presented. Initially developed for the ethical evaluation of ambient assisted living systems, MEESTAR2 can also be used to evaluate other technologies.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{HaugWeber, author = {Haug, Sonja and Weber, Karsten}, title = {To buy or to share. Legal and illegal exchange of copies in social networks and in the Internet}, series = {European Japanese Conference on Rational Choice and Formalization. Leipzig, 17.-20.10.2001}, booktitle = {European Japanese Conference on Rational Choice and Formalization. Leipzig, 17.-20.10.2001}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{ChowFrommeldGlanzetal., author = {Chow, Rosan and Frommeld, Debora and Glanz, Jessica and Boettger, Lars and Stadlbauer, Jana and Weber, Karsten}, title = {Envision a Future of Living with Robots through Participatory Theatre}, series = {Social Robotics}, booktitle = {Social Robotics}, editor = {Palinko, Oskar}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {Singapore}, isbn = {978-981-96-3519-1}, issn = {1611-3349}, doi = {10.1007/978-981-96-3519-1_42}, pages = {470 -- 475}, abstract = {With the goal to facilitate societal discussion, the interactive exhibitioin "Living with Robots", open to the public at the Science Night in Regens-burg, Germany in 2024 gave visitors the opportunity to imagine a life with robots at home, at work, for care, and education. It was set up with multiple stations of which an improvisation theatre was the highlight. Most of public presentations of robots emphasize the power of technology; the exhibition was intentionally designed to set apart from this. We chose theatric play as the medium of engagement and communication, and it was shown to be fruitful. In this paper, we draw implications from our experiences and present some preliminary results on the public opinions of living with robots.}, language = {en} } @article{WeberKrugHaugetal., author = {Weber, Karsten and Krug, Henriette and Haug, Sonja and K{\"u}hn, Andrea A. and Scharf, Anna}, title = {External Observations and Subjective Experiences: Metaphors Used by DBS Patients}, series = {AJOB Neuroscience}, volume = {14}, journal = {AJOB Neuroscience}, number = {3}, publisher = {Taylor\&Francis}, doi = {10.1080/21507740.2023.2246219}, pages = {323 -- 325}, language = {en} } @article{WeberFrommeldGerhardsetal., author = {Weber, Karsten and Frommeld, Debora and Gerhards, Helene and Krug, Henriette and Kokott, Linda Ellen and Bittner, Uta}, title = {Speaking about enhancement - methodological issues and historical examples}, series = {American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience}, volume = {11}, journal = {American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience}, number = {4}, doi = {10.1080/21507740.2020.1831650}, pages = {254 -- 256}, language = {en} } @incollection{ChristenGordijnWeberetal., author = {Christen, Markus and Gordijn, Bert and Weber, Karsten and van de Poel, Ibo and Yaghmaei, Emad}, title = {A review of value-conflicts in cybersecurity}, series = {Bezpieczeństwo informacyjne w wymiarze systemowym}, booktitle = {Bezpieczeństwo informacyjne w wymiarze systemowym}, editor = {Oleksiewicz, Izabela}, publisher = {Rambler Press}, address = {Warszawa}, pages = {67 -- 92}, abstract = {The growing complexity of the digital ecosystem in combination with increasing global risks has created the following dilemma. Overemphasizing cybersecurity may violate fundamental values like equality, fairness, freedom, or privacy but neglecting cybersecurity could undermine citizens' trust and confidence in the digital infrastructure as well as in policy makers and state authorities. In order to increase our understanding of this dilemma, this contribution aims to provide an overview on value conflicts in cybersecurity based on a systematic review on the ethical, legal and technological literature on cybersecurity. It shall be emphasized that a focus on the opposition of cybersecurity vs. privacy is insufficient for understanding the ethical complexity of cybersecurity.}, subject = {Computersicherheit}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{HauerSchultzHaugetal., author = {Hauer, Franziska and Schultz, Maximilian and Haug, Sonja and Weber, Karsten}, title = {Acceptance and Usage of AI Applications in Health-Focused NGOs}, series = {dHealth 2025, Proceedings of the 19th Health Informatics Meets Digital Health Conference}, booktitle = {dHealth 2025, Proceedings of the 19th Health Informatics Meets Digital Health Conference}, editor = {Baumgartner, Martin and Hayn, Dieter and Pfeifer, Bernhard and Schreier, G{\"u}nter}, publisher = {IOS Press}, address = {Wien}, isbn = {978-1-64368-592-2}, doi = {10.3233/SHTI250172}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-80613}, pages = {123 -- 128}, abstract = {Background: AI applications promise to be a valuable tool for healthfocused NGOs. While often operating with limited resources, these organizations recognize the potential of AI to streamline processes and support workflows through automation. However, challenges such as data privacy concerns—especially regarding personal medical data—and the low prioritization of implementation hinder progress. Objectives: This study examines the extent to which German health-focused NGOs can currently benefit from the application of AI. It evaluates demands, available resources, and use cases. Methods: A health-focused subset of data from project KINiro was analyzed. This research utilized a mixed-methods approach, combining two rounds of qualitative interviews with a quantitative survey. Results: The study revealed that while health-focused NGOs are in the early stages of AI implementation, there are hurdles such as ethical concerns and a lack of resources. Conclusion: AI has the potential to support health-focused NGOs in their work, if the challenges like resources, ethics, and data privacy are effectively addressed.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{AltenbuchnerHaugWeber, author = {Altenbuchner, Amelie and Haug, Sonja and Weber, Karsten}, title = {Exploratory Analysis of Motion Tracking Data in the Rehabilitation Process of Geriatric Trauma Patients}, series = {Studies in Health Technology and Informatic. Volume 260: dHealth 2019 - From eHealth to dHealth}, booktitle = {Studies in Health Technology and Informatic. Volume 260: dHealth 2019 - From eHealth to dHealth}, editor = {Hayn, Dieter and Eggerth, A. and Schreier, G{\"u}nter}, publisher = {IOS Press}, doi = {10.3233/978-1-61499-971-3-138}, pages = {138 -- 145}, abstract = {Background: This article is based on an ongoing long-term study, in which customary motion trackers measure steps during rehabilitation of geriatric trauma patients (Med=86 years). Objectives: Exploring steps after 28 days of measurement. Finding similarities in the data by running cluster analysis and formulating linear regressions models to predict steps through time. Methods: Two types of motion trackers (FitBitAlta HR and Garmin v{\´i}vofit 3) have been used to measure patients' (N=24) steps after hip fracture in two study groups. Cluster analysis detected three clusters for progress in number of steps that were tested for group differences with ANOVA. Regression analysis tested models for individual patients. Results: Three-cluster solutions showed significant differences for the average amount of steps after 5, 14, 21 and 28 days. Regression models could predict 71 \% of the individual patients' progress in study group 2. Conclusion: The long-term study will provide more data in the future to examine the three-cluster solution and to find out in what stage of rehabilitation the measurement of the steps could be used to predict individual rehabilitation.}, language = {en} } @article{Weber, author = {Weber, Karsten}, title = {The Right to make fatal decisions}, series = {The American Journal of Bioethics}, volume = {24}, journal = {The American Journal of Bioethics}, number = {8}, publisher = {Taylor \& Francis}, issn = {1526-5161}, doi = {10.1080/15265161.2024.2361903}, pages = {127 -- 128}, language = {en} } @misc{Weber, author = {Weber, Karsten}, title = {Driverless vehicles and software dependency: sustainability, security, and safety are at stake}, language = {en} } @misc{Weber, author = {Weber, Karsten}, title = {Social challenges that (might) come from AI}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{MaierHaugHuberetal., author = {Maier, Johannes and Haug, Sonja and Huber, Michaela and Katzky, Uwe and Neumann, Sabine and Perret, J{\´e}r{\^o}me and Prinzen, Martin and Weber, Karsten and Wittenberg, Thomas and W{\"o}hl, Rebecca and Scorna, Ulrike and Palm, Christoph}, title = {Development of a haptic and visual assisted training simulation concept for complex bone drilling in minimally invasive hand surgery}, series = {CARS Conference, 5.10.-7.10.2017}, booktitle = {CARS Conference, 5.10.-7.10.2017}, language = {en} } @misc{CurrleHaugWeber, author = {Currle, Edda and Haug, Sonja and Weber, Karsten}, title = {Artificial Intelligence and anamnesis: Results of a population survey}, doi = {10.13140/RG.2.2.31952.01285}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-83325}, abstract = {Digital procedures are increasingly implemented to enhance efficiency in healthcare, with Artificial Intelligence (AI) — particularly chatbot s— showing significant potential for future applications. However, little is known about patients' acceptance of such technologies. The study "AI and Anamnesis" addresses this gap by investigating the German population's acceptance of and willingness to use AI-driven technologies for digital anamnesis. This poster presents results from the first wave of the survey, offering initial insights into public attitudes and potential barriers to adoption.}, subject = {K{\"u}nstliche Intelligenz}, language = {en} } @misc{Weber, author = {Weber, Karsten}, title = {The weapons of war and conflict are technology}, language = {en} }