@inproceedings{HoengEder, author = {H{\"o}ng, Simon and Eder, Friedrich}, title = {Methode zur Generierung multimodalersynthetischer Daten aus parametrischen BIM-Modellen zur Nutzung in KI-Systemen}, series = {Tagungsband 34. Forum Bauinformatik, 06. - 08.09.2023, Bochum}, booktitle = {Tagungsband 34. Forum Bauinformatik, 06. - 08.09.2023, Bochum}, doi = {10.13154/294-10130}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:294-101306}, pages = {398 -- 405}, abstract = {F{\"u}r die erfolgreiche Implementierung von KI-Systemen ist eine große Menge an relevanten (und gelabelten) Trainingsdaten n{\"o}tig. Die Datenqualit{\"a}t, Format, Struktur und nicht zuletzt urheberrechtliche Belange schr{\"a}nken die unmittelbare Nutzung vorhandener Daten ein und hindern die gewinnbringende Nutzung dieser Technologien in der Praxis. In diesem Beitrag wird ein Ansatz vorgestellt, der auf Basis einer parametrischen bzw. regelbasierten Erstellung von BIM-Modellen synthetische, gelabelte Trainingsdaten f{\"u}r die nachgelagerte Nutzung in diversen KI-Workflows generiert. Die Modelle werden mithilfe einer C\#-Anwendung {\"u}ber die API von Autodesk Revit erzeugt und k{\"o}nnen durch automatisiertes Postprocessing mittels Python zu annotierten Daten in g{\"a}ngigen Austauschformaten aufbereitet werden. Die synthetischen Bauwerksmodelle erm{\"o}glichen die Ableitung multimodaler Trainings-Datens{\"a}tze. Das heißt, sie k{\"o}nnen in unterschiedlichen Dateiformaten vorgehalten werden. Dadurch lassen sich Datens{\"a}tze erzeugen, die auf den jeweiligen Anwendungsfall zugeschnitten sind (z. B.: Rastergrafiken, Punktwolken, CAD- oder BIM-Formate). Die Daten lassen sich somit in entsprechende KI-Systeme integrieren. Dieser L{\"o}sungsansatz wird am Anwendungsbeispiel einer KI-gest{\"u}tzten Objektklassifizierung in 2D-Pl{\"a}nen auf Basis synthetischer Datens{\"a}tze im COCO-Format durchgef{\"u}hrt. Die k{\"u}nstlich erzeugten Plandaten in Anlehnung an Positionspl{\"a}ne von rasterf{\"o}rmig aufgebauten Skelettbauwerken konnten erfolgreich einem KI-System als Trainingsdaten zugef{\"u}hrt werden. Damit wird die nahtlose Verkettung der einzelnen Prozessschritte (Modellierung, Annotation, Integration) validiert. Die Ergebnisse werden abschließend evaluiert und Optimierungsans{\"a}tze diskutiert.}, language = {de} } @article{LindnerPipaKarpenetal., author = {Lindner, Matthias and Pipa, Andrei V. and Karpen, Norbert and Hink, R{\"u}diger and Berndt, Dominik and Foest, R{\"u}diger and Bonaccurso, Elmar and Weichwald, Robert and Friedberger, Alois and Caspari, Ralf and Brandenburg, Ronny and Schreiner, Rupert}, title = {Icing Mitigation by MEMS-Fabricated Surface Dielectric Barrier Discharge}, series = {Applied Sciences}, volume = {11}, journal = {Applied Sciences}, number = {23}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, doi = {10.3390/app112311106}, pages = {1 -- 17}, abstract = {Avoiding ice accumulation on aerodynamic components is of enormous importance to flight safety. Novel approaches utilizing surface dielectric barrier discharges (SDBDs) are expected to be more efficient and effective than conventional solutions for preventing ice accretion on aerodynamic components. In this work, the realization of SDBDs based on thin-film substrates by means of micro-electro-mechanical-systems (MEMS) technology is presented. The anti-icing performance of the MEMS SDBDs is presented and compared to SDBDs manufactured by printed circuit board (PCB) technology. It was observed that the 35 mu m thick electrodes of the PCB SDBDs favor surface icing with an initial accumulation of supercooled water droplets at the electrode impact edges. This effect was not observed for 0.3 mu m thick MEMS-fabricated electrodes indicating a clear advantage for MEMS-technology SDBDs for anti-icing applications. Titanium was identified as the most suitable material for MEMS electrodes. In addition, an optimization of the MEMS-SDBDs with respect to the dielectric materials as well as SDBD design is discussed.}, language = {en} } @article{GamischHuberGadereretal., author = {Gamisch, Bernd and Huber, Lea and Gaderer, Matthias and Dawoud, Belal}, title = {On the Kinetic Mechanisms of the Reduction and Oxidation Reactions of Iron Oxide/Iron Pellets for a Hydrogen Storage Process}, series = {Energies}, volume = {15}, journal = {Energies}, number = {21}, publisher = {MDPI}, doi = {10.3390/en15218322}, abstract = {This work aims at investigating the kinetic mechanisms of the reduction/oxidation (redox) reactions of iron oxide/iron pellets under different operating conditions. The reaction principle is the basis of a thermochemical hydrogen storage system. To simulate the charging phase, a single pellet consisting of iron oxide (90\% Fe2O3, 10\% stabilising cement) is reduced with different hydrogen (H2) concentrations at temperatures between 600 and 800 °C. The discharge phase is initiated by the oxidation of the previously reduced pellet by water vapour (H2O) at different concentrations in the same temperature range. In both reactions, nitrogen (N2) is used as a carrier gas. The redox reactions have been experimentally measured in a thermogravimetric analyser (TGA) at a flow rate of 250 mL/min. An extensive literature review has been conducted on the existing reactions' kinetic mechanisms along with their applicability to describe the obtained results. It turned out that the measured kinetic results can be excellently described with the so-called shrinking core model. Using the geometrical contracting sphere reaction mechanism model, the concentration- and temperature-dependent reduction and oxidation rates can be reproduced with a maximum deviation of less than 5\%. In contrast to the reduction process, the temperature has a smaller effect on the oxidation reaction kinetics, which is attributed to 71\% less activation energy (Ea,Re=56.9 kJ/mol versus Ea,Ox=16.0 kJ/mol). The concentration of the reacting gas showed, however, an opposite trend: namely, to have an almost twofold impact on the oxidation reaction rate constant compared to the reduction rate constant.}, language = {en} } @article{MarzaniTondelliKumaetal., author = {Marzani, Giulia and Tondelli, Simona and Kuma, Yuko and Cruz Rios, Fernanda and Hu, Rongbo and Bock, Thomas and Linner, Thomas}, title = {Embedding Circular Economy in the Construction Sector Policy Framework: Experiences from EU, U.S., and Japan for Better Future Cities}, series = {Smart Cities}, volume = {8}, journal = {Smart Cities}, number = {2}, publisher = {MDPI}, doi = {10.3390/smartcities8020048}, pages = {48}, abstract = {The transition towards a Circular Economy (CE) in the construction sector is essential to achieving sustainable, inclusive smart cities. This study examines the integration of CE principles into construction policies across four key global contexts: the European Union (focusing on Italy and Germany), the United States, and Japan. Through a comparative policy analysis, the research identifies best practices, implementation barriers, and the role of digitalization in advancing CE strategies. In Europe, CE is embedded in policy frameworks such as the Green Deal and the New Circular Economy Action Plan, driving the shift toward sustainable urban development. The United States, while in the early stages of CE adoption, is fostering circular initiatives at local levels, particularly in waste management and building deconstruction. Japan's policy landscape integrates CE within a broader strategy for resource efficiency, emphasizing technological innovation. The findings highlight the necessity of a research-driven approach to inform policies that leverage digital tools, such as Building Information Modeling and Digital Product Passports, to enhance material traceability and urban circularity. This study contributes to the global effort of designing smart cities that are not only technologically advanced but also environmentally and socially sustainable through the adoption of CE principles in the built environment.}, language = {en} } @article{LovšinBrandlGlavanetal., author = {Lovšin, Matija and Brandl, Dominik and Glavan, Gašper and Belyaeva, Inna A. and Cmok, Luka and Coga, Lucija and Kalin, Mitjan and Shamonin (Chamonine), Mikhail and Drevenšek-Olenik, Irena}, title = {Reconfigurable Surface Micropatterns Based on the Magnetic Field-Induced Shape Memory Effect in Magnetoactive Elastomers}, series = {Polymers}, volume = {13}, journal = {Polymers}, number = {24}, publisher = {MDPI}, doi = {10.3390/polym13244422}, abstract = {A surface relief grating with a period of 30 mu m is embossed onto the surface of magnetoactive elastomer (MAE) samples in the presence of a moderate magnetic field of about 180 mT. The grating, which is represented as a set of parallel stripes with two different amplitude reflectivity coefficients, is detected via diffraction of a laser beam in the reflection configuration. Due to the magnetic-field-induced plasticity effect, the grating persists on the MAE surface for at least 90 h if the magnetic field remains present. When the magnetic field is removed, the diffraction efficiency vanishes in a few minutes. The described effect is much more pronounced in MAE samples with larger content of iron filler (80 wt\%) than in the samples with lower content of iron filler (70 wt\%). A simple theoretical model is proposed to describe the observed dependence of the diffraction efficiency on the applied magnetic field. Possible applications of MAEs as magnetically reconfigurable diffractive optical elements are discussed. It is proposed that the described experimental method can be used as a convenient tool for investigations of the dynamics of magnetically induced plasticity of MAEs on the micrometer scale.}, language = {en} } @article{RusavyCechovaDendorferetal., author = {Rusavy, Zdenek and Cechova, Hana and Dendorfer, Sebastian and Kalis, Vladimir and Ismail, Khaled M.}, title = {Is the Finnish grip tight enough? A manometric study of two manual perineal protection techniques}, series = {Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica}, volume = {104}, journal = {Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica}, number = {2}, publisher = {Wiley}, doi = {10.1111/aogs.15033}, pages = {423 -- 425}, language = {en} } @article{KaessStrahringerWestner, author = {K{\"a}ss, Sebastian and Strahringer, Susanne and Westner, Markus}, title = {A Multiple Mini Case Study on the Adoption of Low Code Development Platforms in Work Systems}, series = {IEEE Access}, journal = {IEEE Access}, publisher = {IEEE}, issn = {2169-3536}, doi = {10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3325092}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-65634}, pages = {118762 -- 118786}, abstract = {Although adopting Low Code Development Platforms (LCDPs) promises significant efficiency and effectiveness improvements for application development, its adoption still needs further empirical research. This paper uses a combinatorial approach to research LCDP adoption and presents the results of a multiple mini case study with 36 cases on LCDP adoption. A combination of the Socio-Technical Systems theory and the Technology-Organisational-Environment model is used as a theoretical lens. In this paper, we show that LCDP adoption is a multifaceted phenomenon and identify three archetypes for LCDP adoption (i.e., IT Resource Shortage Mitigators, Application Development Democratisers, and Synergy Realisers) and one archetype for LCDP non-adoption (i.e., Intricacy Adversaries). Each archetype can be interpreted as an individual path towards LCDP (non-)adoption. Based on these archetypes, we derive seven starting points for practitioners to adopt LCDPs in work systems. Moreover, by using the theoretical lenses, the paper shows that for an LCDP adoption to occur, an optimisation of the social and technical sub-systems is required.}, language = {en} } @article{MoragKieningerEissnertetal., author = {Morag, Sarah and Kieninger, Martin and Eissnert, Christoph and Auer, Simon and Dendorfer, Sebastian and Popp, Daniel and Hoffmann, Johannes and Kieninger, B{\"a}rbel}, title = {Comparison of different techniques for prehospital cervical spine immobilization: Biomechanical measurements with a wireless motion capture system}, series = {PLOS ONE}, volume = {18}, journal = {PLOS ONE}, number = {11}, publisher = {PLOS}, address = {San Francisco, California}, doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0292300}, pages = {1 -- 14}, language = {en} } @article{KrieglKravanjaHribaretal., author = {Kriegl, Raphael and Kravanja, Gaia and Hribar, Luka and Čoga, Lucija and Drevenšek-Olenik, Irena and Jezeršek, Matija and Kalin, Mitjan and Shamonin (Chamonine), Mikhail}, title = {Microstructured Magnetoactive Elastomers for Switchable Wettability}, series = {Polymers}, volume = {14}, journal = {Polymers}, number = {18}, publisher = {MDPI}, doi = {10.3390/polym14183883}, pages = {1 -- 21}, abstract = {We demonstrate the control of wettability of non-structured and microstructured magnetoactive elastomers (MAEs) by magnetic field. The synthesized composite materials have a concentration of carbonyl iron particles of 75 wt.\% (≈27 vol.\%) and three different stiffnesses of the elastomer matrix. A new method of fabrication of MAE coatings on plastic substrates is presented, which allows one to enhance the response of the apparent contact angle to the magnetic field by exposing the particle-enriched side of MAEs to water. A magnetic field is not applied during crosslinking. The highest variation of the contact angle from (113 ± 1)° in zero field up to (156 ± 2)° at about 400 mT is achieved in the MAE sample with the softest matrix. Several lamellar and pillared MAE structures are fabricated by laser micromachining. The lateral dimension of surface structures is about 50 µm and the depth varies between 3 µm and 60 µm. A systematic investigation of the effects of parameters of laser processing (laser power and the number of passages of the laser beam) on the wetting behavior of these structures in the absence and presence of a magnetic field is performed. In particular, strong anisotropy of the wetting behavior of lamellar structures is observed. The results are qualitatively discussed in the framework of the Wenzel and Cassie-Baxter models. Finally, directions of further research on magnetically controlled wettability of microstructured MAE surfaces are outlined. The obtained results may be useful for the development of magnetically controlled smart surfaces for droplet-based microfluidics.}, language = {en} } @article{KoenigGuertler, author = {Koenig, Eric and Guertler, Katherine}, title = {Parlaying students´ work experience into practice-oriented esp}, series = {Journal of teaching english for specific and academic purposes}, volume = {6}, journal = {Journal of teaching english for specific and academic purposes}, number = {2, Special issue}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Nis}, doi = {10.22190/JTESAP1802277K}, pages = {277 -- 284}, abstract = {Instructors of English for Special Purposes often describe the challenge of determining which specific content and competencies to address in their courses. After all, it is the focus on technical subject matter which students expect to differentiate engineering ESP from standard EFL. Yet ESP instructors, who frequently have a background in fields such as applied linguistics or education, often receive little input from technical specialists as to which specialist topics are most relevant to their target domain. Our research indicates that ESP instructors in higher education can leverage a valuable resource to enrich teaching effectiveness: students who have already gained professional experience. As part of a longitudinal study at two universities of applied sciences (UAS) in southern Germany, engineering students at the beginning of their first semester of compulsory technical English participate in an online survey. The course participants provide relevant biographical information such as work experience and evaluate the perceived importance of a selection of skills and applications for a Technical English course. The surveys, administered in October 2016 and October 2017 and encompassing nearly 1000 respondents, provide compelling insights. Analysis reveals conclusive correlations between the perceived importance of course components and students' declared level of previous work experience. Listening comprehension, reading comprehension, process description, and test and measurement are topics whose importance correlates positively with work experience level. In addition, there are clear trends relating work experience level with the importance of the reading and writing of technical documents as well as communication and interaction. This data provides empirically-founded criteria for selecting the topics to include in the scope of a Technical English course for engineers, informed by the judgment of students with occupational experience. Additionally, recognizing that students with work experience have legitimate practitioner credibility allows instructors to identify and select relevant subject matter in concordance with experienced students' learning objectives. ESP learners will profit greatly from cultivating skills with proven practical applicability.}, language = {en} } @article{LazarevRiabokonHalleretal., author = {Lazarev, Igor A. and Riabokon, P. V. and Haller, M. and Dendorfer, Sebastian}, title = {Effect of the Displacement of Calcaneal Bone Peripheral Fragment in its Fracture on the Function of the Three-Headed Calf Muscle}, series = {TRAUMA}, volume = {16}, journal = {TRAUMA}, number = {2}, publisher = {Zaslavsky}, doi = {10.22141/1608-1706.2.16.2015.80247}, pages = {20 -- 24}, abstract = {In the structure of musculoskeletal injuries, calcaneal fractures account for up to 4 \% of all skeletal fractures and up to 60 \% of hindfoot fractures. The effect of the displacement of the peripheral fragment of the calcaneus on the calf muscles's reaction forces at the time of the adoption of the simplified squatting position was investigated by modeling in AnyBody Modeling System 6.0 software. M.gastrocnemius (lateralis et medialis) in the initial phase of motion in all variants of the peripheral fragment displacement did not develop sufficient muscular effort in comparison to the intact calcaneus. M.soleus medialis et lateralis showed significant increase in muscle activity rates in the initial phase of motion (41.87 ± 1.90 H and 52.07 ± 2.10 H) before reaching its maximum values, as compared with those of the intact calcaneus. In the final phase of the movement, upon muscle reaches its maximum length, muscular strength indicators of the m.soleus returned to their original values or were significantly below them. The decline in muscle strength was due to shortening of the moment arm or muscle excursion in case of convergence of muscle attachment points. When the peripheral fragment is displaced, due to putting down the heel to the surface of the support in terms of anatomical muscle lengthening, it takes extra effort to achieve rest length and its maximum power. In all types of the displacement of the peripheral fragment, the function of three-headed calf muscle is disturbed with involvement of additional muscular effort and energy expenditure. This fact should motivate the surgeon on the need for accurate repositioning of bone fragments in calcaneal fractures with the displacement of the peripheral fragment.}, language = {en} } @article{LehrerStockerDuddecketal., author = {Lehrer, Tobias and Stocker, Philipp and Duddeck, Fabian and Wagner, Marcus}, title = {UCSM: Dataset of U-shaped parametric CAD geometries and real-world sheet metal meshes for deep drawing}, series = {Computer-aided design}, volume = {188}, journal = {Computer-aided design}, publisher = {Elsevier}, doi = {10.1016/j.cad.2025.103924}, pages = {17}, abstract = {The development of machine learning (ML) applications in deep drawing is hindered by limited data availability and the absence of open-access benchmarks for validating novel approaches, including domain generalization over distinct geometries. This paper addresses these challenges by introducing a comprehensive U-shaped dataset tailored to this manufacturing process. Our U-Channel sheet metal (UCSM) dataset combines 90 real-world meshes with an infinite number of synthetic geometry samples generated from four parametric Computer-Aided Design (CAD) models, ensuring extensive geometry variety and data quantity. Additionally, a ready-to-use dataset for drawability assessment and segmentation is provided. Leveraging CAD and mesh data sources bridges the gap between sparse data availability and ML requirements. Our analysis demonstrates that the proposed parametric models are geometrically valid, and real-world and synthetic data complement each other effectively, providing robust support for ML model development. While the dataset is confined to U-shaped, thin-walled, deep drawing scenarios, it considerably aids in overcoming data scarcity. Thereby, it facilitates the validation and comparison of new geometry-generalizing ML methodologies in this domain. By providing this benchmark dataset, we enhance the comparability and validation of emerging methods for ML advancements in sheet metal forming.}, language = {en} } @article{MaurerSaiboldGerletal., author = {Maurer, Julia and Saibold, Anna and Gerl, Katharina and Koller, Michael and K{\"o}lbl, Oliver and Pukrop, Tobias and Windschuettl, Sandra and Einhell, Sabine and Herrmann-Johns, Anne and Raptis, Georgios and Mueller, Karolina}, title = {Systematic development of a patient-reported ONCOlogical-ROUTinE-Screening (ONCO-ROUTES) procedure at the University Cancer Center Regensburg}, series = {Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology}, volume = {150}, journal = {Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology}, number = {9}, publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC}, issn = {1432-1335}, doi = {10.1007/s00432-024-05955-4}, abstract = {Purpose The evaluation of treatment success and progression in oncology patient-reported outcomes (PROs) is playing an increasingly important role. Meanwhile, PROs are a component of the certification requirements of the German Cancer Society for oncology centers. PROs are used to provide supportive therapy. There is currently no instrument that fully covers the requirements. At the University Hospital Regensburg (UKR), a digital ONCOlogical-ROUTinE-Screening (ONCO-ROUTES) procedure was developed in order to assess the need for supportive therapy in a standardized way and to provide patients with supportive interventions tailored to their needs. Methods On the basis of current requirements and guidelines, the development of ONCO-ROUTES was supported by experts in focus groups and interviews, and digitalization was carried out in connection with the IT infrastructure. Results A Needs-based, Quality-of-life (QoL) and Symptoms Screening (NQS2) tool already established in the routine at the UKR was further developed into ONCO-ROUTES, which is made up of the domains therapy phase, nutrition, tobacco use, alcohol use, quality of life, general condition/functional status, physical activity, psychooncology, social services, and further support needs. By linking the digitized questionnaire to the hospital information system, the results are available for immediate use in routine operations and thus for the referral of patients for further supportive therapy. Conclusion The digital PRO application ONCO-ROUTES is designed to involve patients in monitoring additional supportive needs and thus, improves supportive interdisciplinary treatment.}, language = {en} } @article{LehrerKapsLepeniesetal., author = {Lehrer, Tobias and Kaps, Arne and Lepenies, Ingolf and Raponi, Elena and Wagner, Marcus and Duddeck, Fabian}, title = {Complementing Drawability Assessment of Deep-Drawn Components with Surrogate-Based Global Sensitivity Analysis}, series = {ASCE-ASME Journal of Risk and Uncertainty in Engineering Systems, Part B: Mechanical Engineering}, journal = {ASCE-ASME Journal of Risk and Uncertainty in Engineering Systems, Part B: Mechanical Engineering}, publisher = {ASME}, issn = {2332-9025}, doi = {10.1115/1.4065143}, pages = {1 -- 10}, abstract = {In the early-stage development of sheet metal parts, key design properties of new structures must be specified. As these decisions are made under significant uncertainty regarding drawing configuration changes, they sometimes result in the development of new parts that, at a later design stage, will not be drawable. As a result, there is a need to increase the certainty of experience-driven drawing configuration decisions. Complementing this process with a global sensitivity analysis can provide insight into the impact of various changes in drawing configurations on drawability, unveiling cost-effective strategies to ensure the drawability of new parts. However, when quantitative global sensitivity approaches, such as Sobol's method, are utilized, the computational requirements for obtaining Sobol indices can become prohibitive even for small application problems. To circumvent computational limitations, we evaluate the applicability of different surrogate models engaged in computing global design variable sensitivities for the drawability assessment of a deep-drawn component. Here, we show in an exemplary application problem, that both a standard kriging model and an ensemble model can provide commendable results at a fraction of the computational cost. Moreover, we compare our surrogate models to existing approaches in the field. Furthermore, we show that the error introduced by the surrogate models is of the same order of magnitude as that from the choice of drawability measure. In consequence, our surrogate models can improve the cost-effective development of a component in the early design phase.}, language = {en} } @incollection{EttlGreinerKudienkoetal., author = {Ettl, Katrin and Greiner, Nina and Kudienko, Natalie and Lauer, Norina and Lichtenauer, Norbert and Meussling-Sentpali, Annette and Mohr, Christa and Pfingsten, Andrea}, title = {Forschungsdesign Pflege und Therapie im Projekt TePUS}, series = {Digitale Technik f{\"u}r ambulante Pflege und Therapie: Herausforderungen, L{\"o}sungen, Anwendungen und Forschungsperspektiven}, booktitle = {Digitale Technik f{\"u}r ambulante Pflege und Therapie: Herausforderungen, L{\"o}sungen, Anwendungen und Forschungsperspektiven}, editor = {Weber, Karsten and Haug, Sonja and Lauer, Norina and Meussling-Sentpali, Annette and Mohr, Christa and Pfingsten, Andrea and Raptis, Georgios and Bahr, Gudrun}, publisher = {transcript}, address = {Bielefeld}, isbn = {978-3-83766235-1}, doi = {10.14361/9783839462355-003}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-55448}, publisher = {Ostbayerische Technische Hochschule Regensburg}, pages = {59 -- 78}, abstract = {Beim Projekt DeinHaus 4.0 Oberpfalz - TePUS (Telepr{\"a}senzroboter f{\"u}r die Pflege und Unterst{\"u}tzung von Schlaganfallpatientinnen und -patienten) handelt es sich um eine L{\"a}ngsschnittstudie im Mixed-Methods-Design zur Untersuchung telepr{\"a}senz und appgest{\"u}tzter Angebote aus den Bereichen Pflege, Logop{\"a}die und Physiotherapie.}, subject = {Pflege}, language = {de} } @incollection{EttlLichtenauerMohr, author = {Ettl, Katrin and Lichtenauer, Norbert and Mohr, Christa}, title = {Telenursing bei Schlaganfall}, series = {Digitale Technik f{\"u}r ambulante Pflege und Therapie: Herausforderungen, L{\"o}sungen, Anwendungen und Forschungsperspektiven}, booktitle = {Digitale Technik f{\"u}r ambulante Pflege und Therapie: Herausforderungen, L{\"o}sungen, Anwendungen und Forschungsperspektiven}, editor = {Weber, Karsten and Haug, Sonja and Lauer, Norina and Meussling-Sentpali, Annette and Mohr, Christa and Pfingsten, Andrea and Raptis, Georgios and Bahr, Gudrun}, publisher = {transcript}, address = {Bielefeld}, isbn = {978-3-8394-6235-5}, doi = {10.14361/9783839462355-004}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-55458}, publisher = {Ostbayerische Technische Hochschule Regensburg}, pages = {79 -- 95}, abstract = {Schlaganfallbetroffene haben oft einen komplexen Unterst{\"u}tzungsbedarf. Der Artikel besch{\"a}ftigt sich damit, welche Telenursing-Anwendungen f{\"u}r das Projekt DeinHaus 4.0 ausgew{\"a}hlt wurden, um Schlaganfallbetroffene dabei zu unterst{\"u}tzen selbstbestimmt zu Hause zu leben.}, subject = {Pflege}, language = {de} } @incollection{PfingstenSchedelMichel, author = {Pfingsten, Andrea and Schedel, Valentin and Michel, Natalie}, title = {Physiotherapeutische Tele-Intervention - Machbarkeit und funktionelle Ver{\"a}nderungen bei Schlaganfallbetroffenen}, series = {Digitale Technik f{\"u}r ambulante Pflege und Therapie III}, booktitle = {Digitale Technik f{\"u}r ambulante Pflege und Therapie III}, editor = {Weber, Karsten and Haug, Sonja and Lauer, Norina and Mohr, Christa and Pfingsten, Andrea and Raptis, Georgios and Bahr, Gudrun}, publisher = {transcript}, address = {Bielefeld}, isbn = {978-3-8394-6728-2}, doi = {10.14361/9783839467282-007}, pages = {125}, abstract = {Dieser Artikel untersucht die Machbarkeit und Wirksamkeit einer physiotherapeutischen Tele-Intervention bei Schlaganfallpatient*innen. Die prospektive, nicht kontrollierte Interventionsstudie basiert auf einem Mixed-Methods-Design und analysiert funktionelle Ver{\"a}nderungen sowie die Lebensqualit{\"a}t der Teilnehmenden vor und nach der Intervention. Eingeschlossen wurden postakute und chronische Schlaganfallpatient*innen mit stabilen Krankheitsbildern, die in ihrem h{\"a}uslichen Umfeld lebten. Die Intervention bestand aus videobasierten Einzelsitzungen und einer optionalen Gruppenintervention, die Physiotherapie und Logop{\"a}die kombinierte. Die Ergebnisse zeigten signifikante Verbesserungen in der Arm-Hand-Funktion und der Teilhabef{\"a}higkeit. Die Teletherapie erwies sich als eine praktikable Erg{\"a}nzung zur traditionellen Rehabilitation, insbesondere in l{\"a}ndlichen Regionen, und f{\"o}rderte die Autonomie und das aktive Engagement der Patient*innen in ihrem Genesungsprozess. Die Studie belegt das Potenzial teletherapeutischer Maßnahmen zur {\"U}berbr{\"u}ckung von Versorgungsl{\"u}cken und zur Sicherstellung einer kontinuierlichen, hochfrequenten Rehabilitation.}, subject = {Schlaganfall}, language = {de} } @incollection{LichtenauerMeusslingSentpali, author = {Lichtenauer, Norbert and Meussling-Sentpali, Annette}, title = {Telenursing-Interventionen bei Schlaganfall}, series = {Digitale Technik f{\"u}r ambulante Pflege und Therapie: Herausforderungen, L{\"o}sungen, Anwendungen und Forschungsperspektiven}, booktitle = {Digitale Technik f{\"u}r ambulante Pflege und Therapie: Herausforderungen, L{\"o}sungen, Anwendungen und Forschungsperspektiven}, editor = {Weber, Karsten and Haug, Sonja and Lauer, Norina and Meussling-Sentpali, Annette and Mohr, Christa and Pfingsten, Andrea and Raptis, Georgios and Bahr, Gudrun}, publisher = {transcript}, address = {Bielefeld}, isbn = {978-3-8376-6235-1}, doi = {10.1515/9783839462355-005}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-55175}, publisher = {Ostbayerische Technische Hochschule Regensburg}, pages = {97 -- 118}, abstract = {Systematische Literatursuche zum Einsatz von Telenursing-Interventionen bei Schlaganfallpatientinnen und Schlaganfallpatienten.}, subject = {Digitalisierung}, language = {de} } @article{ŁawrowskiPrommesbergerLangeretal., author = {Ławrowski, Robert Damian and Prommesberger, Christian and Langer, Christoph and Dams, Florian and Schreiner, Rupert}, title = {Improvement of Homogenity and Aspect Ratio of Silicon Tips for Field Emission by Reactive-Ion Etching}, series = {Advances in materials science and engineering}, volume = {2014}, journal = {Advances in materials science and engineering}, publisher = {Hindawi}, doi = {10.1155/2014/948708}, abstract = {The homogeneity of emitters is very important for the performance of field emission (FE) devices. Reactive-ion etching (RIE) and oxidation have significant influences on the geometry of silicon tips. The RIE influences mainly the anisotropy of the emitters. Pressure has a strong impact on the anisotropic factor. Reducing the pressure results in a higher anisotropy, but the etch rate is also lower. A longer time of etching compensates this effect. Furthermore an improvement of homogeneity was observed. The impact of uprating is quite low for the anisotropic factor, but significant for the homogeneity. At low power the height and undercut of the emitters are more constant over the whole wafer. The oxidation itself is very homogeneous and has no observable effect on further variation of the homogeneity. This modified fabrication process allows solving the problem of inhomogeneity of previous field emission arrays.}, language = {en} } @article{WagnerKranzKrenkeletal., author = {Wagner, Maria Stella and Kranz, Michael and Krenkel, Lars and Pointner, Daniel and Foltan, Maik and Lubnow, Matthias and Lehle, Karla}, title = {Computer based visualization of clot structures in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and histological clot investigations for understanding thrombosis in membrane lungs}, series = {Frontiers in Medicine}, journal = {Frontiers in Medicine}, number = {11}, editor = {Becatti, Matteo}, publisher = {Frontiers}, doi = {10.3389/fmed.2024.1416319}, abstract = {Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) was established as a treatment for severe cardiac or respiratory disease. Intra-device clot formation is a common risk. This is based on complex coagulation phenomena which are not yet sufficiently understood. The objective was the development and validation of a methodology to capture the key properties of clots deposed in membrane lungs (MLs), such as clot size, distribution, burden, and composition. One end-oftherapy PLS ML was examined. Clot detection was performed using multidetector computed tomography (MDCT), microcomputed tomography (μCT), and photography of fiber mats (fiber mat imaging, FMI). Histological staining was conducted for von Willebrand factor (vWF), platelets (CD42b, CD62P), fibrin, and nucleated cells (4′, 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole, DAPI). The three imaging methods showed similar clot distribution inside the ML. Independent of the imaging method, clot loading was detected predominantly in the inlet chamber of the ML. The μCT had the highest accuracy. However, it was more expensive and time consuming than MDCT or FMI. The MDCT detected the clots with low scanning time. Due to its lower resolution, it only showed clotted areas but not the exact shape of clot structures. FMI represented the simplest variant, requiring little effort and resources. FMI allowed clot localization and calculation of clot volume. Histological evaluation indicated omnipresent immunological deposits throughout the ML. Visually clot-free areas were covered with leukocytes and platelets forming platelet-leukocyte aggregates (PLAs). Cells were embedded in vWF cobwebs, while vWF fibers were negligible. In conclusion, the presented methodology allowed adequate clot identification and histological classification of possible thrombosis markers such as PLAs.}, language = {en} } @misc{OPUS4-278, title = {Angewandte Forschung in der Wirtschaftsinformatik: Prozesse, Technologien, Anwendungen, Systeme und Management}, editor = {Barton, Thomas and Herrmann, Frank and Meister, Vera G. and M{\"u}ller, Christian and Seel, Christian}, publisher = {mana-Buch}, address = {Heide}, organization = {Arbeitskreis Wirtschaftsinformatikan Fachhochschulen (AKWI)}, doi = {10.15771/978-3-944330-56-3}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-2785}, language = {de} } @article{KurfessCorstenNickeletal., author = {Kurfess, Christina and Corsten, Sabine and Nickel, Maren and Knieriemen, Marie and Kreiter, Daniel and Lauer, Norina}, title = {Peer-to-peer support: digital networking in aphasia to improve quality of life (PeerPAL)}, series = {Frontiers in Communication}, volume = {8}, journal = {Frontiers in Communication}, publisher = {Frontiers Media S.A.}, doi = {10.3389/fcomm.2023.1187233}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-64881}, abstract = {Background: People with aphasia (PWA) often suffer from reduced participation and quality of life. Nevertheless, there are currently only a few specific interventions that respond to this problem. Participation and quality of life could be increased by interacting with peers who have similar experiences. Digital social networks could stimulate an autonomous interaction. However, digital social networks need to be adapted to the specific needs of PWA. Therefore, a participatory, agile process involving the target group should be chosen to develop such a olution, i.e., an app. The research project consists of a total of three phases. In the first phase—app development—the app was developed and programmed including the target group. In the second phase—app testing—the usability and user-friendliness of the app were evaluated with four PWA. In the third phase—feasibility and preliminary effcacy—that will be described in the article, the impact of the app on PWA will be evaluated. Aims: The overarching aim of our study is to provide preliminary effcacy of the intervention. Digital social interaction with other PWA can lead to increased social integration. In addition to digital interaction, personal encounters between PWA should be encouraged. As a result, we expect an improvement in quality of life of PWA. Additionally, we focus on identification of the most appropriate measurements to discover changes associated with the intervention. Methods: The evaluation, which is described in this paper, takes place in a pre-test - post-test design with a total of n = 48 PWA. Participants will be recruited in regional clusters to facilitate face-to-face meetings. Half of the participants will be assigned to the delayed intervention group and the other half to the immediate intervention group. Participants in the delayed intervention group will go through a 3-month waiting period before using the app, while the participants of the immediate intervention group will start using the app for 3 months right away. Inclusion criteria are the presence of chronic aphasia (at least 6 months) and possession of a smartphone with internet access. Questionnaires on quality of life (SAQOL-39, GHQ-12), depression (GDS, DISCs), communicative participation (CPIB), and social support (F-SozU) will be conducted at inclusion (t0), after 3 months of app use (t1), and after another 3 months for follow-up (t2). Participants in the delayed intervention group will be assessed twice before the intervention, before the 3-month waiting period (t0a) and after the waiting period (t0b). In addition to the quantitative measures, interviews will take place with 6 to 8 selected participants after 3 months of app use. Responses will be analysed using Thematic Analysis. Discussion: The app will be the first social network tool that is systematically developed with PWA. Initial indications from the first phases are that the app can be used by PWA, so that the evaluation of this app version can take place in the third phase. Results of this study can provide an initial indication of whether social network support is a suitable intervention. Findings will help provide information on the feasibility of digital connectivity for PWA. Preliminary findings on its impact on the participation and quality of life of PWA could be made available.}, subject = {Aphasie}, language = {en} } @article{Liebetruth, author = {Liebetruth, Thomas}, title = {Sustainability in Performance Measurement and Management Systems for Supply Chains}, series = {Procedia Engineering}, volume = {192}, journal = {Procedia Engineering}, publisher = {Elsevier}, issn = {1877-7058}, doi = {10.1016/j.proeng.2017.06.093}, pages = {539 -- 544}, abstract = {Aspects of sustainability - understood as the ability to manage economic, social and environmental performance at the same time - are becoming more important in Supply Chain Management. This is a challenge as sustainability adds less quantifiable aspects to Supply Chain Management than classic process aspects. On the other side measuring sustainability is crucial for the implementation of modern Supply Chains Management and to manage sustainably in the daily business. This contribution discusses the integration of sustainability in performance measurement and management systems (PMMS) for Supply Chain Management. Therefore in the paper firstly an overview of definitions and developments in performance measurement and management systems and a structure for PMMS are given. Secondly guidelines for good and modern PMMS are discussed. Thirdly existing approaches for Supply Chain Management PMMS (e. g. KPIs, TCO, value driver trees and balanced scorecards and maturity assessments) are presented and the suitability for Supply Chain Management as well as the possibility to integrate aspects of sustainability are examined. Lastly the fulfilment of the requirements and the ability to cope with the challenges of the approaches is discussed.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{KaramaraBogdanskiZoelleretal., author = {Karamara, Merve and Bogdanski, Moritz-Ole and Z{\"o}ller, Raphael and Albrecht, Sophie Viktoria and Linner, Thomas and Bock, Thomas and Braml, Thomas}, title = {Increasing efficiency and sustainability: A comparative analysis of concrete 3D printing and traditional methods based on case studies}, series = {MATEC Web of Conferences}, volume = {409}, booktitle = {MATEC Web of Conferences}, publisher = {EDP Sciences}, doi = {10.1051/matecconf/202540913005}, pages = {7}, abstract = {At the forthcoming Concrete Solutions 2025 conference, the subject of concrete 3D printing will be explored in the "Case Studies" category, with a comparison to traditional methods. Concrete 3D printing offers several significant advantages, including the ability to create complex geometries, increased material efficiency, faster build times and cost savings. These are particularly important in the context of the current skilled labour shortage and emphasis on resource efficiency in construction. Nevertheless, challenges persist in the areas of machine reliability, process integration, and material adaptation to meet the requirements of 3D printing. The case studies will present modular and design-engineering-based strategies for the development of efficient, scalable automation solutions that integrate 3D printing into existing processes and allow for project-specific customisation through selective automation. These findings provide a robust framework for industrial applications that enhance efficiency and adaptability. By comparing concrete 3D printing to conventional methods, the insights offer a foundation for advancing automated production in construction, promoting scalable, resource-efficient, and economically sustainable practices that address the industry's evolving demands.}, language = {en} } @article{FrankeWagnerKrause, author = {Franke, Markus and Wagner, Marcus and Krause, Tom Janis}, title = {Data-driven model order reduction with surrogate elements for transient simulations}, series = {Engineering Computations : International journal for computer-aided engineering and software}, volume = {2025}, journal = {Engineering Computations : International journal for computer-aided engineering and software}, publisher = {Emerald Publishing}, address = {Leeds}, doi = {10.1108/EC-06-2024-0511}, pages = {26}, abstract = {Purpose - The purpose of this study is to introduce surrogate elements for static and transient finite element simulations. These elements are designed to replace regions of several conventional solid elements with a single artificial element that possesses a reduced number of degrees of freedoms (dofs). A notable advantage of our surrogate elements is their seamless integration into standard finite element meshes. Design/methodology/approach - The construction of the surrogate elements stiffness and mass matrices is achieved through an optimization process wherein displacements serve as the optimization objective. Moreover, the matrices are designed to possess properties analogous to those of standard finite elements. A particular focus is placed on ensuring that the artificial stiffness matrices are positive semi-definite. Furthermore, artificial degrees of freedom are introduced. Findings - The efficacy of the proposed technique is demonstrated through its application to two different use cases. It is demonstrated that, despite being trained on examples comprising a single surrogate element, the surrogate elements can be employed multiple times within complex and practical models. The degree of accuracy achieved in these applications is noteworthy. Moreover, the proposed method is considerably faster than the fully discretized models. Originality/value - The study expands the field of substructuring and model order reduction by incorporating artificial surrogate elements built by neural networks, which enables seamless integration with standard finite element analysis via positive semi-definite matrices. Furthermore, the introduction of artificial degrees of freedom, which are detached from the computational domain, is proposed. Once trained, the surrogate elements can be utilised in load and support independent scenarios.}, language = {en} } @article{MartererRadouchovaSoukupetal., author = {Marterer, Verena and Radouchov{\´a}, Michaela and Soukup, Radek and Hipp, Susanne and Blecha, Tom{\´a}š}, title = {Wearable textile antennas: investigation on material variants, fabrication methods, design and application}, series = {Fashion and Textiles}, volume = {11}, journal = {Fashion and Textiles}, publisher = {Springer Open}, doi = {10.1186/s40691-023-00369-1}, abstract = {With the ongoing miniaturization of wireless devices, the importance of wearable textiles in the antenna segment has increased significantly in recent years. Due to the widespread utilization of wireless body sensor networks for healthcare and ubiquitous applications, the design of wearable antennas offers the possibility of comprehensive monitoring, communication, and energy harvesting and storage. This article reviews a number of properties and benefits to realize comprehensive background information and application ideas for the development of lightweight, compact and low-cost wearable patch antennas. Furthermore, problems and challenges that arise are addressed. Since both electromagnetic and mechanical specifications must be fulfilled, textile and flexible antennas require an appropriate trade-off between materials, antenna topologies, and fabrication methods—depending on the intended application and environmental factors. This overview covers each of the above issues, highlighting research to date while correlating antenna topology, feeding techniques, textile materials, and contacting options for the defined application of wearable planar patch antennas.}, language = {en} } @article{SchmidbauerBeckerHaug, author = {Schmidbauer, Simon and Becker, Maria and Haug, Sonja}, title = {Online Political Participation of Refugees in Germany: Analysis of a Survey in Bavaria}, series = {Sage Online}, journal = {Sage Online}, publisher = {Sage}, address = {Thousand Oaks}, doi = {10.1177/21582440241286303}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-77671}, abstract = {New media are an important resource for the political participation of marginalized groups. However, there is still a lack of knowledge about the factors that influence whether this opportunity is used. Influencing factors emerge from both the Civic Voluntarism Model and previous research on migrants' political activity. Using data collected in 2019/2020 from 486 refugees living in Bavaria, we estimate linear probability models to investigate facilitating factors for the use of new media for political participation. The analysis shows that refugees in Germany who inform themselves about politics online tend to be predominantly male, higher educated, and politically involved. Language skills and the duration of stay also appear to be important. For the expression of one's political opinion online, gender and language skills have an impact, but informing oneself about German politics, political interest, and offline political activity in Germany are the most relevant factors. This indicates that there is a close link between on- und offline activity. However, using the internet requires particular resources, so that people with lower language skills, for example, are particularly disadvantaged.}, language = {de} } @article{GalanBriendlThumannetal., author = {Galan, Isabel and Briendl, Lukas G. and Thumann, Maria and Steindl, Florian and Roeck, Rudolf and Kusterle, Wolfgang and Mittermayr, Florian}, title = {Filler Effect in Shotcrete}, series = {Materials}, volume = {12}, journal = {Materials}, number = {19}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, doi = {10.3390/ma12193221}, pages = {1 -- 24}, abstract = {The effects of fine limestone powder on the early hydration of cementitious systems accelerated by means of alkali-free aluminum sulfate based products, commonly used for shotcrete applications, were investigated in the course of laboratory and real scale tests. In binary (CEM I + limestone) and ternary (CEM I + limestone + slag) systems the addition of fine limestone led to an enhancement of the hydration degree and strength development at early times (<24 h). The formation of ettringite, aluminate hydrates, and C-S-H is affected by the joint action of the setting accelerator and the fine limestone. Accelerator and limestone, in combination with the cement, can be optimized to enhance ettringite and silicate reaction, in some cases coupled with aluminate reaction inhibition, to produce mixes suitable for sprayed concrete applications. Such optimization can help to reduce the cement content in the mixes without compromising the early strength development of the shotcrete.}, language = {en} } @article{KnoedlerKnoedlerKaukeNavarroetal., author = {Kn{\"o}dler, Leonard and Knoedler, Samuel and Kauke-Navarro, Martin and Kn{\"o}dler, Christoph and H{\"o}fer, Simon and B{\"a}cher, Helena and Gassner, Ulrich M. and Machens, Hans-G{\"u}nther and Prantl, Lukas and Panayi, Adriana C.}, title = {Three-dimensional Medical Printing and Associated Legal Issues in Plastic Surgery: A Scoping Review}, series = {Plastic \& Reconstructive Surgery-Global Open}, volume = {11}, journal = {Plastic \& Reconstructive Surgery-Global Open}, number = {4}, publisher = {Wolters Kluwer}, issn = {2169-7574}, doi = {10.1097/GOX.0000000000004965}, abstract = {Three-dimensional printing (3DP) represents an emerging field of surgery. 3DP can facilitate the plastic surgeon's workflow, including preoperative planning, intraoperative assistance, and postoperative follow-up. The broad clinical application spectrum stands in contrast to the paucity of research on the legal framework of 3DP. This imbalance poses a potential risk for medical malpractice lawsuits. To address this knowledge gap, we aimed to summarize the current body of legal literature on medical 3DP in the US legal system. By combining the promising clinical use of 3DP with its current legal regulations, plastic surgeons can enhance patient safety and outcomes.}, language = {en} } @article{PangerlMoserMuelleretal., author = {Pangerl, Jonas and Moser, Elisabeth and M{\"u}ller, Max and Weigl, Stefan and Jobst, Simon and R{\"u}ck, Thomas and Bierl, Rudolf and Matysik, Frank-Michael}, title = {A sub-ppbv-level Acetone and Ethanol Quantum Cascade Laser Based Photoacoustic Sensor- Characterization and Multi-Component Spectra Recording in Synthetic Breath}, series = {Photoacoustics}, volume = {30}, journal = {Photoacoustics}, publisher = {Elsevier}, issn = {2213-5979}, doi = {10.1016/j.pacs.2023.100473}, pages = {1 -- 12}, abstract = {Trace gas analysis in breath is challenging due to the vast number of different components. We present a highly sensitive quantum cascade laser based photoacoustic setup for breath analysis. Scanning the range between 8263 and 8270 nm with a spectral resolution of 48 pm, we are able to quantify acetone and ethanol within a typical breath matrix containing water and CO2. We photoacoustically acquired spectra within this region of mid-infra-red light and prove that those spectra do not suffer from non-spectral interferences. The purely additive behavior of a breath sample spectrum was verified by comparing it with the independently acquired single component spectra using Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients. A previously presented simulation approach is improved and an error attribution study is presented. With a 3σ detection limit of 6.5 ppbv in terms of ethanol and 250 pptv regarding acetone, our system is among the best performing presented so far.}, language = {en} } @article{RauchBrueckl, author = {Rauch, Johannes and Br{\"u}ckl, Oliver}, title = {Achieving Optimal Reactive Power Compensation in Distribution Grids by Using Industrial Compensation Systems}, series = {Electricity}, volume = {4}, journal = {Electricity}, number = {1}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, doi = {10.3390/electricity4010006}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-59139}, pages = {78 -- 95}, abstract = {This paper presents a method for integrating industrial consumers owning compensation systems as alternative reactive power sources into grid operating processes. In remuneration, they receive a market-based provision of reactive power. The aim is to analyze the potential of reactive power compensation systems of industrial companies connected to medium-voltage (10 kV-30 kV) AC grids in order to increase the reactive power ability of distribution grids. Measurement methods and reactive power potential results of six industrial companies are presented to characterize the amount and temporal availability of their reactive power potential. The presented approach for using the decentralized reactive power potential is a centralized reactive power control method and is based on optimal power flow (OPF) calculations. An optimization algorithm based on linear programming is used to coordinate a reactive power retrieval tuned to the actual demand. The influencing quantities are the current grid status (voltage and load flow capacity reserves at grid nodes and power lines) and the current reactive power potential of the reactive power sources. The compensation impact of six measured industrial companies on an exemplary medium-voltage grid is shown by an application example.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{PfahlerThielNeidhart, author = {Pfahler, Katharina and Thiel, Charlotte and Neidhart, Thomas}, title = {Einfluss der Probengeometrie auf die Mechanischen Eigenschaften von Stampflehm - Eine Literaturrecherche}, series = {ce/papers - Proceedings in Civil Engineering}, volume = {8}, booktitle = {ce/papers - Proceedings in Civil Engineering}, number = {1}, publisher = {Ernst \& Sohn, a Wiley Brand}, issn = {2509-7075}, doi = {10.1002/cepa.3291}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-80291}, pages = {57 -- 68}, abstract = {Der Klimawandel lenkt den Fokus im Bauwesen zunehmend auf die Reduktion von Treibhausgasen und die F{\"o}rderung nachhaltiger Materialien. Baustoffe wie Lehm gewinnen dank ihrer {\"o}kologischen und bauphysikalischen Vorteile an Bedeutung. Eine zentrale Herausforderung stellt die Definition standardisierter Pr{\"u}fmethoden f{\"u}r Stampflehm dar. Dieser Beitrag analysiert Forschungsergebnisse zur Geometrie von Stampflehmprobek{\"o}rpern mittels Literaturrecherche und vergleicht experimentelle Untersuchungen sowie relevante Normen und Testmethoden. Die Auswertung zeigt, dass {\"a}ußere Einfl{\"u}sse wie Mischungszusammensetzung, Verdichtungsenergie, Gesteinsk{\"o}rnung und Tonminerale eine zentrale Rolle spielen. Eine Vereinheitlichung von Probengeometrie, Lagerung und Pr{\"u}fverfahren ist essenziell, um reproduzierbare Ergebnisse zu erzielen und die mechanischen Kennwerte von Stampflehm vergleichbar zu machen. Ziel ist es, einheitliche Standards zu entwickeln, um die Stampflehmbauweise in der Praxis zu f{\"o}rdern.}, subject = {Lehmbau}, language = {de} } @incollection{Pfingsten, author = {Pfingsten, Andrea}, title = {Telepr{\"a}senzroboter - Potenzial als Unterst{\"u}tzung von Pflege und Therapie}, series = {Digitale Technik f{\"u}r ambulante Pflege und Therapie III: Nutzung Akzeptanz Wirkung und Lebensqualit{\"a}t}, booktitle = {Digitale Technik f{\"u}r ambulante Pflege und Therapie III: Nutzung Akzeptanz Wirkung und Lebensqualit{\"a}t}, editor = {Weber, Karsten and Haug, Sonja and Lauer, Norina and Mohr, Christa}, publisher = {transcript}, address = {Bielefeld}, isbn = {978-3-8376-6728-8}, doi = {10.14361/9783839467282-002}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/10.14361/9783839467282-002}, pages = {7 -- 12}, language = {de} } @article{RoehrlStauferBugertetal., author = {R{\"o}hrl, Simon and Staufer, Susanne and Bugert, Flemming and Nadimpalli, Vamsi Krishna and Hauser, Florian and Grabinger, Lisa and Bittner, Dominik and Ezer, Timur and Altweck, Ricardo and Graf, Sabine and Kriza, Thomas and Mottok, J{\"u}rgen}, title = {Ethical Considerations of AI in Education: A Case Study based on Pythia Learning Enhancement System}, series = {IEEE Access}, volume = {11}, journal = {IEEE Access}, publisher = {Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)}, issn = {2169-3536}, doi = {10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3583975}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-83403}, pages = {1 -- 25}, abstract = {As the use of AI in education increases, addressing ethical concerns is essential for its responsible use and implementation. This study explores the ethical considerations of AI in education by analyzing a concrete application, the Pythia Learning Enhancement System, which enables personalized and adaptive educational experiences. In this case study, the concrete implementation of Pythia, contrary to high-level abstract analyses, provides practical insights into these ethical issues. To achieve this goal, we first define Pythia and outline its implementation. Using the various topics covered by Pythia, the ethical issues associated with each of these topics are outlined, resulting in a list of ten distinct ethical issues. Because there is overlap in issues covered by similar applications, they can benefit from this identification. An ethical (human rights) and didactic (constructivism) theoretical background is then provided as a basis for further discussion. This is used to build the arguments used in the main study. This consists of analyzing each of the issues and providing recommendations to mitigate potential harm arising from these issues. This helps to provide guidelines for future applications. In the analysis, the ethical discussion is mainly based on the human rights of the stakeholders involved, emphasizing human dignity. After the analysis, each of the issues is contextualized with the recent AI Act of the European Union, providing a novel mapping of the issues of AI in education to the AI Act. Finally, the limitations of the study are stated and a plan for future research is presented.}, language = {en} } @article{GaertnerRankHeberletal., author = {G{\"a}rtner, Sebastian and Rank, Daniel and Heberl, Michael and Gaderer, Matthias and Dawoud, Belal and Haumer, Anton and Sterner, Michael}, title = {Simulation and Techno-Economic Analysis of a Power-to-Hydrogen Process for Oxyfuel Glass Melting}, series = {Energies}, volume = {14}, journal = {Energies}, number = {24}, publisher = {MDPI}, doi = {10.3390/en14248603}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-22713}, abstract = {As an energy-intensive industry sector, the glass industry is strongly affected by the increasingly stringent climate protection targets. As established combustion-based production systems ensure high process stability and glass quality, an immediate switch to low greenhouse gas emission processes is difficult. To approach these challenges, this work investigates a step-by-step integration of a Power-to-Hydrogen concept into established oxyfuel glass melting processes using a simulation approach. This is complemented by a case study for economic analysis on a selected German glass industry site by simulating the power production of a nearby renewable energy park and subsequent optimization of the power-to-hydrogen plant performance and capacities. The results of this study indicate, that the proposed system can reduce specific carbon dioxide emissions by up to 60\%, while increasing specific energy demand by a maximum of 25\%. Investigations of the impact of altered combustion and furnace properties like adiabatic flame temperature (+25 °C), temperature efficiency (∆ξ = -0.003) and heat capacity flow ratio (∆zHL = -0.009) indicate that pure hydrogen-oxygen combustion has less impact on melting properties than assumed so far. Within the case study, high CO2 abatement costs of 295 €/t CO2-eq. were determined. This is mainly due to the insufficient performance of renewable energy sources. The correlations between process scaling and economic parameters presented in this study show promising potential for further economic optimization of the proposed energy system in the future.}, language = {en} } @article{NiedlingRichterHaemel, author = {Niedling, Katharina and Richter, Stefanie and H{\"a}mel, Kerstin}, title = {Triadic relationships in home care nursing: an integrative review of the views and experiences of older couples and nurses}, series = {BMC nursing}, volume = {24}, journal = {BMC nursing}, publisher = {BMC}, doi = {10.1186/s12912-025-03378-1}, pages = {13}, abstract = {BACKGROUND The need for long-term home care for older people with chronic health conditions is rising, and family members are bearing the brunt of this care work. Caring for a partner is a common scenario. Caregiving partners are often of advanced age themselves and have limiting health conditions of their own. Nurses need to consider the specific characteristics of partner caregiving to provide relationship-centred care. This review aims to analyse perceptions of the triadic relationship between older persons with long-term care needs, their caregiving partners and nurses and to identify approaches that can be supportive approaches that can help couples to cope with at-home care situations. METHODS This integrative review following the method outlined by Whittemore and Knafl focuses on qualitative and mixed methods studies. A systematic search in the PubMed and CINAHL databases served to identify studies dealing with experiences and perceptions of triadic care arrangements in home-based care from the perspectives of nurses, care recipients and caregiving partners. Eight studies met the inclusion criteria and investigated perceptions of the triadic relationship between nurses providing home care and older couples. They were analysed using thematic analysis. RESULTS The results show that triadic relationships in home-based care are shaped by social dynamics, role conflicts and barriers to communication. Although many couples are initially reluctant to integrate nursing professionals into home caregiving, mutual trust can develop when personnel continuity is given and sustained relationship work is performed. Clear communication, clarity on the distribution of tasks and proactive knowledge sharing by nurses facilitate cooperation. Caregiving partners desire support with self-care to preserve their ability to continue in their caregiving roles in the long term. CONCLUSIONS Understanding the dynamics of triadic relationships in nursing care and the care situation in couple relationships enables nurses to provide more targeted support to older couples. Proactive communication, role clarity and continuity of care can reduce the burden shouldered by caregiving partners and improve care quality. Further research focusing on strategies for strengthening relationship-centred interventions in home-based care is desirable. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER Not applicable.}, language = {en} } @article{HansenHoeblerPurretal., author = {Hansen, B. and Hoebler, Michael and Purr, Stephan and Meinhardt, J. and Merklein, Marion}, title = {Basics for inline measurement of tribological conditions in series production of car body parts}, series = {IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering}, volume = {651}, journal = {IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering}, publisher = {IOP Publishing}, doi = {10.1088/1757-899x/651/1/012050}, abstract = {The quality of car body parts in series production is strongly dependent on the tribological behavior. Fluctuating material properties such as the sheet roughness and the amount of lubricant have an influence on the forming process. On the basis of large amounts of data it is possible to investigate the friction behavior in series production and to make process adjustments if required. Therefore, inline measurement systems have a great potential to detect the sheet roughness during the cutting process of blanks in the coil line. Furthermore, contactless systems are advantageous as they do not damage the surface. Nevertheless, the optical measuring is influenced by the lubricant layer on top of the surface. Therefore, the previously unknown impact of the lubricant on the measuring result is investigated. Within this study, stationary optical roughness measurements have been conducted using different amounts of lubricant on hot-dip galvanized EDT steel. The results demonstrate the influence of different amounts of lubricant on the sheet roughness measurement. Hence, it is possible to correct the inline measuring results and gain knowledge of fluctuating surface roughness. In addition, strip drawing test has been carried out to investigate the effect of fluctuating tribological conditions.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{ZhouStreubuehrKalusetal., author = {Zhou, Ping and Streub{\"u}hr, C. and Kalus, Annika and Frigge, Tim and Wall, S. and Hanisch-Blicharski, Anja and Kammler, Martin and Ligges, Manuel and Bovensiepen, U. and von der Linde, D. and Horn-von Hoegen, Michael}, title = {Ultrafast time resolved reflection high energy electron diffraction with tilted pump pulse fronts}, series = {EPJ Web of Conferences - XVIIIth International Conference on Ultrafast Phenomena}, volume = {41}, booktitle = {EPJ Web of Conferences - XVIIIth International Conference on Ultrafast Phenomena}, publisher = {EPJ}, doi = {10.1051/epjconf/20134110016}, abstract = {We present time-resolved RHEED from a laser excited Pb(111) surface using a pulse front tilter for the compensation of the velocity mismatch of electrons and light. The laser pulses with tilted fronts were characterized by a spatially resolving cross correlator. The response of the surface upon excitation was observed to be less than 2 ps.}, language = {en} } @article{MuellerWeiglMuellerWilliamsetal., author = {M{\"u}ller, Max and Weigl, Stefan and M{\"u}ller-Williams, Jennifer and Lindauer, Matthias and R{\"u}ck, Thomas and Jobst, Simon and Bierl, Rudolf and Matysik, Frank-Michael}, title = {Comparison of photoacoustic spectroscopy and cavity ring-down spectroscopy for ambient methane monitoring at Hohenpeißenberg}, series = {Atmospheric Measurement Techniques}, volume = {16}, journal = {Atmospheric Measurement Techniques}, number = {18}, publisher = {Copernicus Publications}, issn = {1867-8548}, doi = {10.5194/amt-16-4263-2023}, pages = {4263 -- 4270}, abstract = {With an atmospheric concentration of approximately 2000 parts per billion (ppbV, 10-9), methane (CH4) is the second most abundant greenhouse gas (GHG) in the atmosphere after carbon dioxide (CO2). The task of long-term and spatially resolved GHG monitoring to verify whether climate policy actions are effective is becoming more crucial as climate change progresses. In this paper we report the CH4 concentration readings of our photoacoustic (PA) sensor over a 5 d period at Hohenpeißenberg, Germany. As a reference device, a calibrated cavity ring-down spectrometer, Picarro G2301, from the meteorological observatory of the German Weather Service (DWD) was employed. Trace gas measurements with photoacoustic instruments promise to provide low detection limits at comparably low costs. However, PA devices are often susceptible to cross-sensitivities related to fluctuating environmental conditions, e.g. ambient humidity. The obtained results show that for PA sensor systems non-radiative relaxation effects induced by varying humidity are a non-negligible factor. Applying algorithm compensation techniques, which are capable of calculating the influence of non-radiative relaxation effects on the photoacoustic signal, increase the accuracy of the photoacoustic sensor significantly. With an average relative deviation of 1.11 \% from the G2301, the photoacoustic sensor shows good agreement with the reference instrument.}, language = {en} } @incollection{Schlosser, author = {Schlosser, Sophie}, title = {Steps on Steps}, series = {Gestaltung, Funktion und Bedeutung antiker Treppenanlagen. Multiperspektivische Analyse einer transkulturellen Konstante}, booktitle = {Gestaltung, Funktion und Bedeutung antiker Treppenanlagen. Multiperspektivische Analyse einer transkulturellen Konstante}, editor = {Rickert, Alexa and Schlosser, Sophie}, publisher = {Zaphon}, address = {M{\"u}nster}, isbn = {978-3-96327-215-8}, doi = {10.17879/43059664331}, pages = {23 -- 46}, subject = {Antike}, language = {en} } @article{KnoedlerDeanKnoedleretal., author = {Kn{\"o}dler, Leonard and Dean, Jillian and Knoedler, Samuel and Kauke-Navarro, Martin and Hollmann, Katharina and Alfertshofer, Michael and Helm, Sabrina and Prantl, Lukas and Schliermann, Rainer}, title = {Hard shell, soft core? Multi-disciplinary and multi-national insights into mental toughness among surgeons}, series = {Frontiers in Surgery}, volume = {11}, journal = {Frontiers in Surgery}, publisher = {Frontiers}, doi = {10.3389/fsurg.2024.1361406}, pages = {7}, abstract = {Background: With the prevalence of burnout among surgeons posing a significant threat to healthcare outcomes, the mental toughness of medical professionals has come to the fore. Mental toughness is pivotal for surgical performance and patient safety, yet research into its dynamics within a global and multi-specialty context remains scarce. This study aims to elucidate the factors contributing to mental toughness among surgeons and to understand how it correlates with surgical outcomes and personal well-being. Methods: Utilizing a cross-sectional design, this study surveyed 104 surgeons from English and German-speaking countries using the Mental Toughness Questionnaire (MTQ-18) along with additional queries about their surgical practice and general life satisfaction. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were applied to investigate the variations in mental toughness across different surgical domains and its correlation with professional and personal factors. Results: The study found a statistically significant higher level of mental toughness in micro-surgeons compared to macro-surgeons and a positive correlation between mental toughness and surgeons' intent to continue their careers. A strong association was also observed between general life satisfaction and mental toughness. No significant correlations were found between the application of psychological skills and mental toughness. Conclusion: Mental toughness varies significantly among surgeons from different specialties and is influenced by professional dedication and personal life satisfaction. These findings suggest the need for targeted interventions to foster mental toughness in the surgical community, potentially enhancing surgical performance and reducing burnout. Future research should continue to explore these correlations, with an emphasis on longitudinal data and the development of resilience-building programs.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{GaertnerRankHeberletal., author = {G{\"a}rtner, Sebastian and Rank, Daniel and Heberl, Michael and Gaderer, Matthias and Sterner, Michael}, title = {Integration of Power-To-Methane into Glass Melting Processes}, series = {Proceedings of the International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES 2022)}, volume = {16}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES 2022)}, publisher = {Atlantis Press}, issn = {2589-4943}, doi = {10.2991/978-94-6463-156-2_12}, pages = {147 -- 161}, abstract = {The glass industry is facing increased challenges regarding climate protection targets and rising energy costs. The integration of renewable energy including conversion and storage is a key for both challenges in this energy-intensive industrial sector, which has been mainly relying on fossil gas so far. The options considered to this point for reducing CO2 emissions and switching to a renewable energy supply involve far-reaching changes of the established melting processes. This entails significant risks in terms of influences on glass quality and stable production volumes. The presented approach for the integration of a Power-to-Methane (PtM) system into the glass industry is a completely new concept and has not been considered in detail before. It allows the use of established oxyfuel melting processes, the integration of fluctuating renewable energy sources and a simultaneous reduction of CO2 emissions by more than 78\%. At the same time, natural gas purchases become obsolete. A techno-economic evaluation of the complete PtM process shows, that 1,76 €/m3 or 1,26 €/kg synthetic natural gas are possible with renewable energy supply. Using electricity from the energy grid would require electricity prices < 0,126 €/kWh to allow cost competitive PtM processes in the glass industry. Such electricity prices could be achieved by electricity market-based optimization and operation of the PtM system. This operation strategy would require AI-based algorithms predicting availabilities and prices on future-based markets.}, language = {en} } @article{HausFoltanPhilippetal., author = {Haus, Moritz and Foltan, Maik and Philipp, Alois and M{\"u}ller, Thomas and Lingel, Maximilian P. and Krenkel, Lars and Gruber, Michael and Lehle, Karla}, title = {Neutrophil extracellular traps -a potential trigger for the development of thrombocytopenia during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation}, volume = {15}, publisher = {frontiers}, doi = {10.3389/fimmu.2024.1339235}, abstract = {Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) have recently emerged as a potential link between inflammation, immunity, and thrombosis, as well as other coagulation disorders which present a major challenge in the context of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). By examining blood from ECMO patients for NETs and their precursors and correlating them with clinical and laboratory biomarkers of coagulation and inflammation, this study aims to evaluate the association between the presence of NETs in the bloodstream of ECMO patients and the development of potentially severe coagulation disorders during ECMO therapy. Therefore, blood samples were collected from healthy volunteers (n=13) and patients receiving veno-venous (VV) ECMO therapy (n=10). To identify NETs and their precursors, DNA and myeloperoxidase as well as granulocyte marker CD66b were visualized simultaneously by immunofluorescence staining in serial blood smears. Differentiation of DNA-containing objects and identification of NETs and their precursors was performed semiautomatically by a specific algorithm using the shape and size of DNA staining and the intensity of MPO and CD66b signal. Neutrophil extracellular traps and their precursors could be detected in blood smears from patients requiring VV ECMO. Compared to volunteers, ECMO patients presented significantly higher rates of NETs and NET precursors as well as an increased proportion of neutrophil granulocytes in all detected nucleated cells. A high NET rate prior to the initiation of ECMO therapy was associated with both increased iL-6 and TNF-α levels as an expression of a high cytokine burden. These patients with increased NET release also presented an earlier and significantly more pronounced decrease in platelet counts and ATIII activity following initiation of therapy compared with patients with less elevated NETs. These findings provide further indications for the development of immune-mediated acquired thrombocytopenia in ECMO patients.}, language = {en} } @incollection{BaumannHusseinMeyerSickendiek, author = {Baumann, Timo and Hussein, Hussein and Meyer-Sickendiek, Burkhard}, title = {Free Verse Prosodies: Identifying and Classifying Spoken Poetry Using Literary and Computational Perspectives (Rhythmicalizer)}, series = {Mixing Methods: Practical Insights from the Humanities in the Digital Age}, booktitle = {Mixing Methods: Practical Insights from the Humanities in the Digital Age}, editor = {Schneider, Birgit and L{\"o}ffler, Beate and Mager, Tino and Hein, Carola}, publisher = {Bielefeld University Press}, address = {Bielefeld}, doi = {10.1515/9783839469132-018}, pages = {167 -- 186}, abstract = {At least 80\% of modern and postmodern poems exhibit neither rhyme nor metrical schemes such as iamb or trochee. However, does this mean that they are free of any rhythmical features?TheUS American research onfree verse prosody claimsthe opposite: Modern poets like Whitman, the Imagists, the Beat poets and contemporary Slam poets have developed a postmetrical idea of prosody, using rhythmical features of everyday language, prose, and musical styles like Jazz or Hip Hop. It has spawned a large and complex variety intheir poetic prosodies which,however,appearto bemuchharderto quantify and regularize than traditional patterns. In our project, we examinethe largest portal for spoken poetry Lyrikline and analysed and classified such rhythmical patterns by using pattern recognition and classification techniques. We integrate a human-in-the-loop approach in which we interleave manual annotation with computational modelling and data-based analysis. Our results are integrated into the website of Lyrikline. Our follow-up project makes our research results available to a wider audience, in particular to high school-level teaching.}, language = {en} } @article{LichtenauerSchlachetzkiEberletal., author = {Lichtenauer, Norbert and Schlachetzki, Felix and Eberl, Inge and Meussling-Sentpali, Annette}, title = {Differences in teletherapy and telecare?-Experiences of health professionals and patients with video communication in nursing, physiotherapy, occupational therapy, and speech therapy}, series = {Digital health}, volume = {10}, journal = {Digital health}, publisher = {Sage}, doi = {10.1177/20552076241301963}, abstract = {INTRODUCTION The spread and implementation of digital synchronous video communication in telecare and teletherapy has recently increased significantly, not just because of COVID-19 but also due to a global trend towards more digital healthcare services in the last two decades. This shift prompts the question of how digital telesetting differs from a face-to-face setting and which aspects are fundamental. METHODS As the first part of a mixed-method study, qualitative interviews (n = 20) were conducted from July 2021 to January 2022. Health professionals (n = 13) and patients (n = 7) from occupational therapy, physiotherapy, speech therapy, and nursing were interviewed. All interviewees came from Germany, Austria, and Switzerland. The results were categorized using structured content analysis. RESULTS Six main categories and 20 sub-categories were summarized, which can act as barriers or resources in a telesetting. Both sides described a high level of acceptance and approval of telesetting. Motivation and digital skills were of great importance. Furthermore, special features in communication and interaction were described, as well as changes in organizational procedures and a specific process flow in telesetting. Including relatives was more feasible, although several environmental factors should be considered. DISCUSSION A number of specific changes in a telesetting compared to a face-to-face setting show the need for a structured guide for interested parties. Appropriate basic principles must be taught in training and further education to support the spread of this new form of care. Furthermore, it is crucial to adapt the methodological and content-related aspects of telesetting and develop new approaches that specifically integrate audio-visual possibilities.}, language = {en} } @article{SavelevGlavanBelanetal., author = {Savelev, Dmitrii V. and Glavan, Gašper and Belan, Viktoria O. and Belyaeva, Inna A. and Fetisov, Leonid Y. and Shamonin (Chamonine), Mikhail}, title = {Resonant Magnetoelectric Effect at Low Frequencies in Layered Polymeric Cantilevers Containing a Magnetoactive Elastomer}, series = {Applied Sciences}, volume = {12}, journal = {Applied Sciences}, number = {4}, publisher = {MPDI}, doi = {10.3390/app12042102}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-30637}, pages = {1 -- 13}, abstract = {In this work, the resonance enhancement of magnetoelectric (ME) coupling at the two lowest bending resonance frequencies was investigated in layered cantilever structures comprising a magnetoactive elastomer (MAE) slab and a commercially available piezoelectric polymer multilayer. A cantilever was fixed at one end in the horizontal plane and the magnetic field was applied horizontally. Five composite structures, each containing an MAE layer of different thicknesses from 0.85 to 4 mm, were fabricated. The fundamental bending resonance frequency in the absence of a magnetic field varied between roughly 23 and 55 Hz. It decreased with the increasing thickness of the MAE layer, which was explained by a simple theory. The largest ME voltage coefficient of about 7.85 V/A was measured in a sample where the thickness of the MAE layer was ≈2 mm. A significant increase in the bending resonance frequencies in the applied DC magnetic field of 240 kA/m up to 200\% was observed. The results were compared with alternative designs for layered multiferroic structures. Directions for future research were also discussed.}, language = {en} } @article{MarkovGlazerElbeSchliermann, author = {Markov-Glazer, Alon and Elbe, Anne-Marie and Schliermann, Rainer}, title = {From their eyes: Deaflympic athletes' and coaches' perspectives on mental training}, series = {Frontiers in sports and active living}, volume = {7}, journal = {Frontiers in sports and active living}, publisher = {Frontiers}, doi = {10.3389/fspor.2025.1613833}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-84183}, pages = {15}, abstract = {INTRODUCTION Sport psychology research has largely overlooked athletes with hearing impairments competing in Deaflympic sports, the designated elite sporting movement for this population. This study therefore explored Deaflympic athletes' and coaches' perspectives on mental training in the elite Deaf sports. METHODS A qualitative approach was used, involving six focus group interviews with 23 athletes (Mage = 33.09; 26.1\% female) and four coaches from individual and team Deaf sports. Data were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis. RESULTS Three themes emerged: sport psychology consultation, the influence of visual orientation on psychological skills and demands, and Deaf sport culture and communication. While participants expressed strong interest in sport psychology, engagement with professionals was limited by accessibility issues, lack of sign language-fluent consultants, and structural barriers. Deaf athletes reported adapting some techniques to match their visual-spatial orientation and both advantages and challenges of visual reliance in sports. Distinct communication dynamics between native signers and spoken-language users within Deaf teams were also revealed. DISCUSSION These findings highlight the importance of culturally sensitive sport psychology frameworks that support the needs and preferences of Deaflympic athletes and promote equitable access to effective mental training resources.}, language = {en} } @article{FetisovChashinSavelevetal., author = {Fetisov, Yuri K. and Chashin, Dmitri V. and Savelev, Dmitrii V. and Fetisov, Leonid Y. and Shamonin (Chamonine), Mikhail}, title = {Anisotropic Magnetoelectric Effect in a Planar Heterostructure Comprising Piezoelectric Ceramics and Magnetostrictive Fibrous Composite}, series = {Materials}, volume = {12}, journal = {Materials}, number = {19}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, doi = {10.3390/ma12193228}, pages = {1 -- 13}, abstract = {The direct magnetoelectric (ME) effect is investigated in a planar structure comprising mechanically coupled layers of a magnetostrictive fibrous composite (MFC) and a piezoelectric ceramics (lead zirconate titanate, PZT). The MFC is an array of Ni-wires with a diameter of 200 mu m that are aligned parallel to each other in a single layer. The wires are separated by a distance of 250 or 500 mu m and fixed in a polyamide matrix. The structure was placed in a tangential constant field H and was excited by an alternating magnetic field h parallel to H, while the voltage generated by the PZT layer was measured. The resulting field dependences of the magnetization M(H) and the magnetostriction lambda(H) were determined by the orientation of the field H in the plane of the structure and the distance between the Ni-wires. The ME coupling coefficient of the structure decreased from 4.8 to 0.25 V/A when the orientation of H was changed from parallel to perpendicular to Ni-wires. With an increase in the excitation field amplitude h, a nonlinear ME effect in the output voltage, namely frequency doubling, was observed. The frequency and field dependences of the efficiency of the ME transduction in the MFC-piezoelectric heterostructure are well described by the existing theory.}, language = {en} } @article{KheiroddinSchoeberlAlthammeretal., author = {Kheiroddin, Parastoo and Sch{\"o}berl, Patricia and Althammer, Michael and Cibali, Ezgi and W{\"u}rfel, Thea and Wein, Hannah and Kulawik, Birgit and Buntrock-D{\"o}pke, Heike and Weigl, Eva and Gran, Silvia and Gr{\"u}ndl, Magdalena and Langguth, Jana and Lampl, Benedikt and Judex, Guido and Niggel, Jakob and Pagel, Philipp and Schratzenstaller, Thomas and Schneider-Brachert, Wulf and Gastiger, Susanne and Bodenschatz, Mona and Konrad, Maike and Levchuk, Artem and Roth, Cornelius and Sch{\"o}ner, David and Schneebauer, Florian and Rohrmanstorfer, Ren{\´e} and Burkovski, Andreas and Ambrosch, Andreas and Wagner, Thomas and Kabesch, Michael}, title = {Results of WICOVIR Gargle Pool PCR Testing in German Schools Based on the First 100,000 Tests}, series = {Frontiers in Pediatrics}, volume = {9}, journal = {Frontiers in Pediatrics}, editor = {Buonsenso, Danilo}, publisher = {frontiers}, issn = {2296-2360}, doi = {10.3389/fped.2021.721518}, abstract = {Background: Opening schools and keeping children safe from SARS-CoV-2 infections at the same time is urgently needed to protect children from direct and indirect consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. To achieve this goal, a safe, efficient, and cost-effective SARS-CoV-2 testing system for schools in addition to standard hygiene measures is necessary. Methods: We implemented the screening WICOVIR concept for schools in the southeast of Germany, which is based on gargling at home, pooling of samples in schools, and assessment of SARS-CoV-2 by pool rRT-PCR, performed decentralized in numerous participating laboratories. Depooling was performed if pools were positive, and results were transmitted with software specifically developed for the project within a day. Here, we report the results after the first 13 weeks in the project. Findings: We developed and implemented the proof-of-concept test system within a pilot phase of 7 weeks based on almost 17,000 participants. After 6 weeks in the main phase of the project, we performed >100,000 tests in total, analyzed in 7,896 pools, identifying 19 cases in >100 participating schools. On average, positive children showed an individual CT value of 31 when identified in the pools. Up to 30 samples were pooled (mean 13) in general, based on school classes and attached school staff. All three participating laboratories detected positive samples reliably with their previously established rRT-PCR standard protocols. When self-administered antigen tests were performed concomitantly in positive cases, only one of these eight tests was positive, and when antigen tests performed after positive pool rRT-PCR results were already known were included, 3 out of 11 truly positive tests were also identified by antigen testing. After 3 weeks of repetitive WICOVIR testing twice weekly, the detection rate of positive children in that cohort decreased significantly from 0.042 to 0.012 (p = 0.008). Interpretation: Repeated gargle pool rRT-PCR testing can be implemented quickly in schools. It is an effective, valid, and well-received test system for schools, superior to antigen tests in sensitivity, acceptance, and costs.}, subject = {Covid-19}, language = {en} } @article{SavelevChashinFetisovetal., author = {Savelev, Dmitrii V. and Chashin, Dmitri V. and Fetisov, Leonid Y. and Shamonin (Chamonine), Mikhail and Fetisov, Yuri K.}, title = {Ceramic-Heterostructure-Based Magnetoelectric Voltage Transformer with an Adjustable Transformation Ratio}, series = {Materials}, volume = {13}, journal = {Materials}, number = {18}, publisher = {MDPI}, doi = {10.3390/ma13183981}, pages = {1 -- 13}, abstract = {A voltage transformer employing the magnetoelectric effect in a composite ceramic heterostructure with layers of a magnetostrictive nickel-cobalt ferrite and a piezoelectric lead zirconate-titanate is described. In contrast to electromagnetic and piezoelectric transformers, a unique feature of the presented transformer is the possibility of tuning the voltage transformation ratio K using a dc magnetic field. The dependences of the transformer characteristics on the frequency and the amplitude of the input voltage, the strength of the control magnetic field and the load resistance are investigated. The transformer operates in the voltage range between 0 and 112 V, and the voltage transformation ratio K is tuned between 0 and 14.1 when the control field H changes between 0 and 6.4 kA/m. The power at the transformer output reached 63 mW, and the power conversion efficiency was 34\%. The methods for calculation of the frequency response, and the field and load characteristics of the transformer are proposed. The ways to improve performance characteristics of magnetoelectric transformers and their possible application areas are discussed.}, language = {en} } @article{GlavanBelyaevaRuwischetal., author = {Glavan, Gašper and Belyaeva, Inna A. and Ruwisch, Kevin and Wollschlaeger, Joachim and Shamonin (Chamonine), Mikhail}, title = {Magnetoelectric Response of Laminated Cantilevers Comprising a Magnetoactive Elastomer and a Piezoelectric Polymer, in Pulsed Uniform Magnetic Fields}, series = {Sensors}, volume = {21}, journal = {Sensors}, number = {19}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, doi = {10.3390/s21196390}, pages = {1 -- 19}, abstract = {The voltage response to pulsed uniform magnetic fields and the accompanying bending deformations of laminated cantilever structures are investigated experimentally in detail. The structures comprise a magnetoactive elastomer (MAE) slab and a commercially available piezoelectric polymer multilayer. The magnetic field is applied vertically and the laminated structures are customarily fixed in the horizontal plane or, alternatively, slightly tilted upwards or downwards. Six different MAE compositions incorporating three concentrations of carbonyl iron particles (70 wt\%, 75 wt\% and 80 wt\%) and two elastomer matrices of different stiffness are used. The dependences of the generated voltage and the cantilever's deflection on the composition of the MAE layer and its thickness are obtained. The appearance of the voltage between the electrodes of a piezoelectric material upon application of a magnetic field is considered as a manifestation of the direct magnetoelectric (ME) effect in a composite laminated structure. The ME voltage response increases with the increasing total quantity of the soft-magnetic filler in the MAE layer. The relationship between the generated voltage and the cantilever's deflection is established. The highest observed peak voltage around 5.5 V is about 8.5-fold higher than previously reported values. The quasi-static ME voltage coefficient for this type of ME heterostructures is about 50 V/A in the magnetic field of approximate to 100 kA/m, obtained for the first time. The results could be useful for the development of magnetic field sensors and energy harvesting devices relying on these novel polymer composites.}, language = {en} } @article{SavelevBelyaevaChashinetal., author = {Savelev, Dmitrii V. and Belyaeva, Inna A. and Chashin, Dmitri V. and Fetisov, Leonid Y. and Romeis, Dirk and Kettl, Wolfgang and Kramarenko, Elena Yu and Saphiannikova, Marina and Stepanov, Gennady V. and Shamonin (Chamonine), Mikhail}, title = {Giant extensional strain of magnetoactive elastomeric cylinders in uniform magnetic fields}, series = {Materials}, volume = {13}, journal = {Materials}, number = {15}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {1996-1944}, doi = {10.3390/ma13153297}, pages = {1 -- 17}, abstract = {Elongations of magnetoactive elastomers (MAEs) under ascending-descending uniform magnetic fields were studied experimentally using a laboratory apparatus specifically designed to measure large extensional strains (up to 20\%) in compliant MAEs. In the literature, such a phenomenon is usually denoted as giant magnetostriction. The synthesized cylindrical MAE samples were based on polydimethylsiloxane matrices filled with micrometer-sized particles of carbonyl iron. The impact of both the macroscopic shape factor of the samples and their magneto-mechanical characteristics were evaluated. For this purpose, the aspect ratio of the MAE cylindrical samples, the concentration of magnetic particles in MAEs and the effective shear modulus were systematically varied. It was shown that the magnetically induced elongation of MAE cylinders in the maximum magnetic field of about 400 kA/m, applied along the cylinder axis, grew with the increasing aspect ratio. The effect of the sample composition is discussed in terms of magnetic filler rearrangements in magnetic fields and the observed experimental tendencies are rationalized by simple theoretical estimates. The obtained results can be used for the design of new smart materials with magnetic-field-controlled deformation properties, e.g., for soft robotics.}, language = {en} } @article{DillingerWeberMayeretal., author = {Dillinger, Andrea Elisabeth and Weber, Gregor R. and Mayer, Matthias and Schneider, Magdalena and G{\"o}ppner, Corinna and Ohlmann, Andreas and Shamonin (Chamonine), Mikhail and Monkman, Gareth J. and Fuchshofer, Rudolf and Keller, Kate and Lozano, Diana C. and Clark, Abbot}, title = {CCN2/CTGF-A Modulator of the Optic Nerve Head Astrocyte}, series = {Frontiers in cell and developmental biology (Front Cell Dev Biol.)}, volume = {10}, journal = {Frontiers in cell and developmental biology (Front Cell Dev Biol.)}, publisher = {frontiers}, doi = {10.3389/fcell.2022.864433}, pages = {864433}, abstract = {In primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), a neurodegenerative disease of the optic nerve (ON) and leading cause of blindness, the optic nerve head (ONH) undergoes marked structural extracellular matrix (ECM) changes, which contribute to its permanent deformation and to degeneration of ON axons. The remodeling process of the ECM causes changes in the biomechanical properties of the ONH and the peripapillary sclera, which is accompanied by an increased reactivity of the resident astrocytes. The molecular factors involved in the remodeling process belong to the Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β superfamily, especially TGF-β2. In previous publications we showed that TGF-β2 induced ECM alterations are mediated by Cellular Communication Network Factor (CCN)2/Connective Tissue Growth Factor (CTGF) and recently we showed that CCN2/CTGF is expressed by astrocytes of the ON under normal conditions. In this study we wanted to get a better understanding of the function of CCN2/CTGF under normal and pathologic conditions. To this end, we analyzed the glial lamina and peripapillary sclera of CCN2/CTGF overexpressing mice and studied the effect of CCN2/CTGF and increasing substratum stiffness on murine ON astrocytes in vitro. We observed enhanced astrocyte reactivity in the ONH, increased ECM protein synthesis in the peripapillary sclera and increased Ccn2/Ctgf expression in the ONH during the pathologic development in situ. CCN2/CTGF treatment of primary murine ON astrocytes induced a higher migration rate, and increase of ECM proteins including fibronectin, elastin and collagen type III. Furthermore, the astrocytes responded to stiffer substratum with increased glial fibrillary acidic protein, vimentin, actin and CCN2/CTGF synthesis. Finally, we observed the reinforced appearance of CCN2/CTGF in the lamina cribrosa of glaucomatous patients. We conclude that reactive changes in ONH astrocytes, induced by the altered biomechanical characteristics of the region, give rise to a self-amplifying process that includes increased TGF-β2/CCN2/CTGF signaling and leads to the synthesis of ECM molecules and cytoskeleton proteins, a process that in turn augments the stiffness at the ONH. Such a scenario may finally result in a vicious circle in the pathogenesis of POAG. The transgenic CTGF-overexpressing mouse model might be an optimal model to study the chronic pathological POAG changes in the ONH.}, language = {en} } @article{SchelsHerdlHausladenetal., author = {Schels, Andreas and Herdl, Florian and Hausladen, Matthias and Wohlfartsst{\"a}tter, Dominik and Edler, Simon and Bachmann, Michael and Pahlke, Andreas and Schreiner, Rupert and Hansch, Walter}, title = {Quantitative Field Emission Imaging for Studying the Doping-Dependent Emission Behavior of Silicon Field Emitter Arrays}, series = {Micromachines}, volume = {14}, journal = {Micromachines}, number = {11}, publisher = {MDPI}, doi = {10.3390/mi14112008}, abstract = {Field emitter arrays (FEAs) are a promising component for novel vacuum micro- and nanoelectronic devices, such as microwave power amplifiers or fast-switching X-ray sources. However, the interrelated mechanisms responsible for FEA degradation and failure are not fully understood. Therefore, we present a measurement method for quantitative observation of individual emission sites during integral operation using a low-cost, commercially available CMOS imaging sensor. The emission and degradation behavior of three differently doped FEAs is investigated in current-regulated operation. The measurements reveal that the limited current of the p-doped emitters leads to an activation of up to 55\% of the individual tips in the array, while the activation of the n-type FEA stopped at around 30\%. This enhanced activation results in a more continuous and uniform current distribution for the p-type FEA. An analysis of the individual emitter characteristics before and after a constant current measurement provides novel perspectives on degradation behavior. A burn-in process that trims the emitting tips to an integral current-specific ideal field enhancement factor is observed. In this process, blunt tips are sharpened while sharp tips are dulled, resulting in homogenization within the FEA. The methodology is described in detail, making it easily adaptable for other groups to apply in the further development of promising FEAs.}, language = {en} } @incollection{CarbonelliFeldererJungetal., author = {Carbonelli, Cecilia and Felderer, Michael and Jung, Matthias and Lobe, Elisabeth and Lochau, Malte and Luber, Sebastian and Mauerer, Wolfgang and Ramler, Rudolf and Sch{\"a}fer, Ina and Schroth, Christoph}, title = {Challenges for Quantum Software Engineering: An Industrial Application Scenario Perspective}, series = {Quantum Software: Aspects of Theory and System Design}, booktitle = {Quantum Software: Aspects of Theory and System Design}, editor = {Exman, Iaakov and Perez-Castillo, Ricardo and Piattini, Mario and Felderer, Michael}, publisher = {Springer-Nature}, isbn = {978-3-031-64135-0}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-031-64136-7_12}, abstract = {Quantum software is becoming a key enabler for applying quantum computing to industrial use cases. This poses challenges to quantum software engineering in providing efficient and effective means to develop such software. Eventually, this must be reliably achieved in time, on budget, and in quality, using sound and well-principled engineering approaches. Given that quantum computers are based on fundamentally different principles than classical machines, this raises the question if, how, and to what extent established techniques for systematically engineering software need to be adapted. In this chapter, we analyze three paradigmatic application scenarios for quantum software engineering from an industrial perspective. The respective use cases center around (1) optimization and quantum cloud services, (2) quantum simulation, and (3) embedded quantum computing. Our aim is to provide a concise overview of the current and future applications of quantum computing in diverse industrial settings. We derive presumed challenges for quantum software engineering and thus provide research directions for this emerging field.}, language = {en} } @article{HuszakKauppinenSassmannshausenetal., author = {Husz{\´a}k, Loretta and Kauppinen, Antti and Saßmannshausen, Sean Patrick and Sobolieva, Tetiana and Steger, Thomas}, title = {Entrepreneurship Education in the Danube Region}, series = {JEEMS - Journal of East European Management Studies, Special Issue 2024: Entrepreneurship Education in Central and East Europe}, journal = {JEEMS - Journal of East European Management Studies, Special Issue 2024: Entrepreneurship Education in Central and East Europe}, editor = {Husz{\´a}k, Loretta and Kauppinen, Antti and Saßmannshausen, Sean Patrick and Sobolieva, Tetiana and Steger, Thomas}, publisher = {Nomos}, isbn = {9783748949602}, doi = {10.5771/9783748949602-7}, pages = {7 -- 14}, abstract = {Resources for entrepreneurship education are not evenly distributed around the world, and territorial cooperation is often necessary. This is particularly true for the Eastern European region and especially for the Danube region. Entrepreneurship research (including entrepreneurship education) has a long tradition in Western countries but catching up and integration into international networks poses a challenge, especially for Eastern countries. The aim of this special issue is to contribute to the development of this international cooperation by presenting research and best practices in entrepreneurship education in Central and Eastern Europe. The special issue is part of the Danube Cup initiative, which combines entrepreneurship teaching and research to provide opportunities for entrepreneurship educators to benchmark best educational practices and develop inspiring research results in the field of entrepreneurship education.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{HauerSchultzHaugetal., author = {Hauer, Franziska and Schultz, Maximilian and Haug, Sonja and Weber, Karsten}, title = {Acceptance and Usage of AI Applications in Health-Focused NGOs}, series = {dHealth 2025, Proceedings of the 19th Health Informatics Meets Digital Health Conference}, booktitle = {dHealth 2025, Proceedings of the 19th Health Informatics Meets Digital Health Conference}, editor = {Baumgartner, Martin and Hayn, Dieter and Pfeifer, Bernhard and Schreier, G{\"u}nter}, publisher = {IOS Press}, address = {Wien}, isbn = {978-1-64368-592-2}, doi = {10.3233/SHTI250172}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-80613}, pages = {123 -- 128}, abstract = {Background: AI applications promise to be a valuable tool for healthfocused NGOs. While often operating with limited resources, these organizations recognize the potential of AI to streamline processes and support workflows through automation. However, challenges such as data privacy concerns—especially regarding personal medical data—and the low prioritization of implementation hinder progress. Objectives: This study examines the extent to which German health-focused NGOs can currently benefit from the application of AI. It evaluates demands, available resources, and use cases. Methods: A health-focused subset of data from project KINiro was analyzed. This research utilized a mixed-methods approach, combining two rounds of qualitative interviews with a quantitative survey. Results: The study revealed that while health-focused NGOs are in the early stages of AI implementation, there are hurdles such as ethical concerns and a lack of resources. Conclusion: AI has the potential to support health-focused NGOs in their work, if the challenges like resources, ethics, and data privacy are effectively addressed.}, language = {en} } @article{RillSchuderer, author = {Rill, Georg and Schuderer, Matthias}, title = {A Second-Order Dynamic Friction Model Compared to Commercial Stick-Slip Models}, series = {Modelling}, volume = {4}, journal = {Modelling}, number = {3}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {2673-3951}, doi = {10.3390/modelling4030021}, pages = {366 -- 381}, abstract = {Friction has long been an important issue in multibody dynamics. Static friction models apply appropriate regularization techniques to convert the stick inequality and the non-smooth stick-slip transition of Coulomb's approach into a continuous and smooth function of the sliding velocity. However, a regularized friction force is not able to maintain long-term stick. That is why dynamic friction models were developed in recent decades. The friction force depends herein not only on the sliding velocity but also on internal states. The probably best-known representative, the LuGre friction model, is based on a fictitious bristle but realizes a too-simple approximation. The recently published second-order dynamic friction model describes the dynamics of a fictitious bristle more accurately. It is based on a regularized friction force characteristic, which is continuous and smooth but can maintain long-term stick due to an appropriate shift in the regularization. Its performance is compared here to stick-slip friction models, developed and launched not long ago by commercial multibody software packages. The results obtained by a virtual friction test-bench and by a more practical festoon cable system are very promising. Thus, the second-order dynamic friction model may serve not only as an alternative to the LuGre model but also to commercial stick-slip models.}, language = {en} } @incollection{Ortner, author = {Ortner, Martina}, title = {Didaktik und Lehre im berufsbegleitenden Studiengang Soziale Arbeit - ein Erfahrungsbericht}, series = {Akademische Weiterbildung f{\"u}r Soziale Berufe: Theoretische, empirische und praktische Aspekte}, booktitle = {Akademische Weiterbildung f{\"u}r Soziale Berufe: Theoretische, empirische und praktische Aspekte}, editor = {Sch{\"o}pf, Nicolas}, edition = {1. Aufl.}, publisher = {wbv}, address = {Bielefeld}, isbn = {9783763966479}, doi = {10.3278/9783763966479}, pages = {161 -- 191}, abstract = {Der Erfahrungsbericht ist zugleich ein Ideenpool f{\"u}r experimentierfreudige Lehrende. Nach einer kurzen Beschreibung des Settings im berufsbegleitenden Studiengang werden ausgew{\"a}hlte Grundlagen der Didaktik skizziert und vor diesem Hintergrund drei Beispiele aus unterschiedlichen Semestern vorgestellt. Daran wird gezeigt, wie Lehre und Didaktik im Studiengang Soziale Arbeit den Bed{\"u}rfnissen der berufsbegleitend Studierenden dialogorientiert angepasst und weiterentwickelt werden. Die Erkenntnisse werden abschließend in drei Kernaussagen geb{\"u}ndelt.}, language = {de} } @article{HausladenSchelsAsgharzadeetal., author = {Hausladen, Matthias and Schels, Andreas and Asgharzade, Ali and Buchner, Philipp and Bartl, Mathias and Wohlfartsst{\"a}tter, Dominik and Edler, Simon and Bachmann, Michael and Schreiner, Rupert}, title = {Investigation of Influencing Factors on the Measurement Signal of a CMOS Image Sensor for Measuring Field Emission Currents}, series = {Sensors}, volume = {25}, journal = {Sensors}, number = {5}, publisher = {MDPI}, doi = {10.3390/s25051529}, pages = {17}, language = {en} } @article{VoglSchulzSchaefferetal., author = {Vogl, Yannick and Schulz, Carsten and Schaeffer, Thomas and Geiger, Benjamin}, title = {Prediction of the wear behavior of a conveyor belt with flexible rollers}, series = {Multibody System Dynamics}, journal = {Multibody System Dynamics}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Cham}, issn = {1384-5640}, doi = {10.1007/s11044-025-10097-7}, pages = {16}, abstract = {This paper introduces a method to predict wear behavior in conveyor belt systems using a lumped mass modeling approach. While previous research has focused primarily on lateral belt walking, this study shifts attention to belt deformation and its associated wear. Both significantly affect system efficiency and component lifespan. The authors propose using local frictional power as a wear indicator, leveraging its direct relation to frictional work in established wear models. To solely demonstrate the method, the study simulates a conveyor belt with three flexible rollers and a deformable belt modeled through rigid spheres connected by spring-damper elements. The authors visualize frictional power density across the belt width, distinguishing between running and transverse directions. The results demonstrate that the frictional power distribution depends heavily on discretization quality, particularly due to the polygon effect inherent in the lumped mass approach. A convergence analysis reveals the minimum necessary discretization of the belt, ensuring reliable qualitative results. To support the credibility of the work, this study compares theoretical expectations and initial wear observations from a real belt with the results from the shown approach. The plausibility check already shows promising results. The proposed methodology provides an adaptable framework to evaluate wear in belt-like structures. It can be readily adapted to a variety of multibody dynamics applications and integrated into larger MBS models that include the overall drivetrain and engine control. Future work will focus on refining discretization strategies and contact models, as well as validation of the wear model to enable quantitative predictions.}, language = {en} } @article{HartmannNieberlePalmetal., author = {Hartmann, Robin and Nieberle, Felix and Palm, Christoph and Br{\´e}bant, Vanessa and Prantl, Lukas and Kuehle, Reinald and Reichert, Torsten E. and Taxis, Juergen and Ettl, Tobias}, title = {Utility of Smartphone-based Three-dimensional Surface Imaging for Digital Facial Anthropometry}, series = {JPRAS Open}, volume = {39}, journal = {JPRAS Open}, publisher = {Elsevier}, doi = {10.1016/j.jpra.2024.01.014}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-70348}, pages = {330 -- 343}, abstract = {Background The utilization of three-dimensional (3D) surface imaging for facial anthropometry is a significant asset for patients undergoing maxillofacial surgery. Notably, there have been recent advancements in smartphone technology that enable 3D surface imaging. In this study, anthropometric assessments of the face were performed using a smartphone and a sophisticated 3D surface imaging system. Methods 30 healthy volunteers (15 females and 15 males) were included in the study. An iPhone 14 Pro (Apple Inc., USA) using the application 3D Scanner App (Laan Consulting Corp., USA) and the Vectra M5 (Canfield Scientific, USA) were employed to create 3D surface models. For each participant, 19 anthropometric measurements were conducted on the 3D surface models. Subsequently, the anthropometric measurements generated by the two approaches were compared. The statistical techniques employed included the paired t-test, paired Wilcoxon signed-rank test, Bland-Altman analysis, and calculation of the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Results All measurements showed excellent agreement between smartphone-based and Vectra M5-based measurements (ICC between 0.85 and 0.97). Statistical analysis revealed no statistically significant differences in the central tendencies for 17 of the 19 linear measurements. Despite the excellent agreement found, Bland-Altman analysis revealed that the 95\% limits of agreement between the two methods exceeded ±3 mm for the majority of measurements. Conclusion Digital facial anthropometry using smartphones can serve as a valuable supplementary tool for surgeons, enhancing their communication with patients. However, the proposed data suggest that digital facial anthropometry using smartphones may not yet be suitable for certain diagnostic purposes that require high accuracy.}, language = {en} } @article{KnoedlerBaecherKaukeNavarroetal., author = {Kn{\"o}dler, Leonard and Baecher, Helena and Kauke-Navarro, Martin and Prantl, Lukas and Machens, Hans-G{\"u}nther and Scheuermann, Philipp and Palm, Christoph and Baumann, Raphael and Kehrer, Andreas and Panayi, Adriana C. and Knoedler, Samuel}, title = {Towards a Reliable and Rapid Automated Grading System in Facial Palsy Patients: Facial Palsy Surgery Meets Computer Science}, series = {Journal of Clinical Medicine}, volume = {11}, journal = {Journal of Clinical Medicine}, number = {17}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, doi = {10.3390/jcm11174998}, abstract = {Background: Reliable, time- and cost-effective, and clinician-friendly diagnostic tools are cornerstones in facial palsy (FP) patient management. Different automated FP grading systems have been developed but revealed persisting downsides such as insufficient accuracy and cost-intensive hardware. We aimed to overcome these barriers and programmed an automated grading system for FP patients utilizing the House and Brackmann scale (HBS). Methods: Image datasets of 86 patients seen at the Department of Plastic, Hand, and Reconstructive Surgery at the University Hospital Regensburg, Germany, between June 2017 and May 2021, were used to train the neural network and evaluate its accuracy. Nine facial poses per patient were analyzed by the algorithm. Results: The algorithm showed an accuracy of 100\%. Oversampling did not result in altered outcomes, while the direct form displayed superior accuracy levels when compared to the modular classification form (n = 86; 100\% vs. 99\%). The Early Fusion technique was linked to improved accuracy outcomes in comparison to the Late Fusion and sequential method (n = 86; 100\% vs. 96\% vs. 97\%). Conclusions: Our automated FP grading system combines high-level accuracy with cost- and time-effectiveness. Our algorithm may accelerate the grading process in FP patients and facilitate the FP surgeon's workflow.}, language = {en} } @article{OttPalmVogtetal., author = {Ott, Tankred and Palm, Christoph and Vogt, Robert and Oberprieler, Christoph}, title = {GinJinn: An object-detection pipeline for automated feature extraction from herbarium specimens}, series = {Applications in Plant Sciences}, volume = {8}, journal = {Applications in Plant Sciences}, number = {6}, publisher = {Wiley, Botanical Society of America}, issn = {2168-0450}, doi = {10.1002/aps3.11351}, pages = {e11351}, abstract = {PREMISE: The generation of morphological data in evolutionary, taxonomic, and ecological studies of plants using herbarium material has traditionally been a labor-intensive task. Recent progress in machine learning using deep artificial neural networks (deep learning) for image classification and object detection has facilitated the establishment of a pipeline for the automatic recognition and extraction of relevant structures in images of herbarium specimens. METHODS AND RESULTS: We implemented an extendable pipeline based on state-of-the-art deep-learning object-detection methods to collect leaf images from herbarium specimens of two species of the genus Leucanthemum. Using 183 specimens as the training data set, our pipeline extracted one or more intact leaves in 95\% of the 61 test images. CONCLUSIONS: We establish GinJinn as a deep-learning object-detection tool for the automatic recognition and extraction of individual leaves or other structures from herbarium specimens. Our pipeline offers greater flexibility and a lower entrance barrier than previous image-processing approaches based on hand-crafted features.}, subject = {Deep Learning}, language = {en} } @article{EbigboPalmProbstetal., author = {Ebigbo, Alanna and Palm, Christoph and Probst, Andreas and Mendel, Robert and Manzeneder, Johannes and Prinz, Friederike and Souza Jr., Luis Antonio de and Papa, Jo{\~a}o Paulo and Siersema, Peter and Messmann, Helmut}, title = {A technical review of artificial intelligence as applied to gastrointestinal endoscopy: clarifying the terminology}, series = {Endoscopy International Open}, volume = {07}, journal = {Endoscopy International Open}, number = {12}, publisher = {Georg Thieme Verlag}, address = {Stuttgart}, doi = {10.1055/a-1010-5705}, pages = {1616 -- 1623}, abstract = {The growing number of publications on the application of artificial intelligence (AI) in medicine underlines the enormous importance and potential of this emerging field of research. In gastrointestinal endoscopy, AI has been applied to all segments of the gastrointestinal tract most importantly in the detection and characterization of colorectal polyps. However, AI research has been published also in the stomach and esophagus for both neoplastic and non-neoplastic disorders. The various technical as well as medical aspects of AI, however, remain confusing especially for non-expert physicians. This physician-engineer co-authored review explains the basic technical aspects of AI and provides a comprehensive overview of recent publications on AI in gastrointestinal endoscopy. Finally, a basic insight is offered into understanding publications on AI in gastrointestinal endoscopy.}, subject = {Diagnose}, language = {en} } @article{SouzaJrMendelStrasseretal., author = {Souza Jr., Luis Antonio de and Mendel, Robert and Strasser, Sophia and Ebigbo, Alanna and Probst, Andreas and Messmann, Helmut and Papa, Jo{\~a}o Paulo and Palm, Christoph}, title = {Convolutional Neural Networks for the evaluation of cancer in Barrett's esophagus: Explainable AI to lighten up the black-box}, series = {Computers in Biology and Medicine}, volume = {135}, journal = {Computers in Biology and Medicine}, publisher = {Elsevier}, issn = {0010-4825}, doi = {10.1016/j.compbiomed.2021.104578}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-20126}, pages = {1 -- 14}, abstract = {Even though artificial intelligence and machine learning have demonstrated remarkable performances in medical image computing, their level of accountability and transparency must be provided in such evaluations. The reliability related to machine learning predictions must be explained and interpreted, especially if diagnosis support is addressed. For this task, the black-box nature of deep learning techniques must be lightened up to transfer its promising results into clinical practice. Hence, we aim to investigate the use of explainable artificial intelligence techniques to quantitatively highlight discriminative regions during the classification of earlycancerous tissues in Barrett's esophagus-diagnosed patients. Four Convolutional Neural Network models (AlexNet, SqueezeNet, ResNet50, and VGG16) were analyzed using five different interpretation techniques (saliency, guided backpropagation, integrated gradients, input × gradients, and DeepLIFT) to compare their agreement with experts' previous annotations of cancerous tissue. We could show that saliency attributes match best with the manual experts' delineations. Moreover, there is moderate to high correlation between the sensitivity of a model and the human-and-computer agreement. The results also lightened that the higher the model's sensitivity, the stronger the correlation of human and computational segmentation agreement. We observed a relevant relation between computational learning and experts' insights, demonstrating how human knowledge may influence the correct computational learning.}, subject = {Deep Learning}, language = {en} } @article{BrownConsortiumZhouetal., author = {Brown, Peter and Consortium, RELISH and Zhou, Yaoqi and Palm, Christoph}, title = {Large expert-curated database for benchmarking document similarity detection in biomedical literature search}, series = {Database}, volume = {2019}, journal = {Database}, publisher = {Oxford University Pres}, doi = {10.1093/database/baz085}, pages = {1 -- 66}, abstract = {Document recommendation systems for locating relevant literature have mostly relied on methods developed a decade ago. This is largely due to the lack of a large offline gold-standard benchmark of relevant documents that cover a variety of research fields such that newly developed literature search techniques can be compared, improved and translated into practice. To overcome this bottleneck, we have established the RElevant LIterature SearcH consortium consisting of more than 1500 scientists from 84 countries, who have collectively annotated the relevance of over 180 000 PubMed-listed articles with regard to their respective seed (input) article/s. The majority of annotations were contributed by highly experienced, original authors of the seed articles. The collected data cover 76\% of all unique PubMed Medical Subject Headings descriptors. No systematic biases were observed across different experience levels, research fields or time spent on annotations. More importantly, annotations of the same document pairs contributed by different scientists were highly concordant. We further show that the three representative baseline methods used to generate recommended articles for evaluation (Okapi Best Matching 25, Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency and PubMed Related Articles) had similar overall performances. Additionally, we found that these methods each tend to produce distinct collections of recommended articles, suggesting that a hybrid method may be required to completely capture all relevant articles. The established database server located at https://relishdb.ict.griffith.edu.au is freely available for the downloading of annotation data and the blind testing of new methods. We expect that this benchmark will be useful for stimulating the development of new powerful techniques for title and title/abstract-based search engines for relevant articles in biomedical research.}, subject = {Information Retrieval}, language = {en} } @article{EbigboMendelProbstetal., author = {Ebigbo, Alanna and Mendel, Robert and Probst, Andreas and Manzeneder, Johannes and Prinz, Friederike and Souza Jr., Luis Antonio de and Papa, Jo{\~a}o Paulo and Palm, Christoph and Messmann, Helmut}, title = {Real-time use of artificial intelligence in the evaluation of cancer in Barrett's oesophagus}, series = {Gut}, volume = {69}, journal = {Gut}, number = {4}, publisher = {BMJ}, address = {London}, doi = {10.1136/gutjnl-2019-319460}, pages = {615 -- 616}, abstract = {Based on previous work by our group with manual annotation of visible Barrett oesophagus (BE) cancer images, a real-time deep learning artificial intelligence (AI) system was developed. While an expert endoscopist conducts the endoscopic assessment of BE, our AI system captures random images from the real-time camera livestream and provides a global prediction (classification), as well as a dense prediction (segmentation) differentiating accurately between normal BE and early oesophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). The AI system showed an accuracy of 89.9\% on 14 cases with neoplastic BE.}, subject = {Speiser{\"o}hrenkrankheit}, language = {en} } @article{HartmannWeihererSchiltzetal., author = {Hartmann, Robin and Weiherer, Maximilian and Schiltz, Daniel and Seitz, Stephan and Lotter, Luisa and Anker, Alexandra and Palm, Christoph and Prantl, Lukas and Br{\´e}bant, Vanessa}, title = {A Novel Method of Outcome Assessment in Breast Reconstruction Surgery: Comparison of Autologous and Alloplastic Techniques Using Three-Dimensional Surface Imaging}, series = {Aesthetic Plastic Surgery}, volume = {44}, journal = {Aesthetic Plastic Surgery}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Heidelberg}, doi = {10.1007/s00266-020-01749-4}, pages = {1980 -- 1987}, abstract = {Background Breast reconstruction is an important coping tool for patients undergoing a mastectomy. There are numerous surgical techniques in breast reconstruction surgery (BRS). Regardless of the technique used, creating a symmetric outcome is crucial for patients and plastic surgeons. Three-dimensional surface imaging enables surgeons and patients to assess the outcome's symmetry in BRS. To discriminate between autologous and alloplastic techniques, we analyzed both techniques using objective optical computerized symmetry analysis. Software was developed that enables clinicians to assess optical breast symmetry using three-dimensional surface imaging. Methods Twenty-seven patients who had undergone autologous (n = 12) or alloplastic (n = 15) BRS received three-dimensional surface imaging. Anthropomorphic data were collected digitally using semiautomatic measurements and automatic measurements. Automatic measurements were taken using the newly developed software. To quantify symmetry, a Symmetry Index is proposed. Results Statistical analysis revealed that there is no dif- ference in the outcome symmetry between the two groups (t test for independent samples; p = 0.48, two-tailed). Conclusion This study's findings provide a foundation for qualitative symmetry assessment in BRS using automatized digital anthropometry. In the present trial, no difference in the outcomes' optical symmetry was detected between autologous and alloplastic approaches.}, subject = {Mammoplastik}, language = {en} } @article{RoemmeleMendelBarrettetal., author = {R{\"o}mmele, Christoph and Mendel, Robert and Barrett, Caroline and Kiesl, Hans and Rauber, David and R{\"u}ckert, Tobias and Kraus, Lisa and Heinkele, Jakob and Dhillon, Christine and Grosser, Bianca and Prinz, Friederike and Wanzl, Julia and Fleischmann, Carola and Nagl, Sandra and Schnoy, Elisabeth and Schlottmann, Jakob and Dellon, Evan S. and Messmann, Helmut and Palm, Christoph and Ebigbo, Alanna}, title = {An artificial intelligence algorithm is highly accurate for detecting endoscopic features of eosinophilic esophagitis}, series = {Scientific Reports}, volume = {12}, journal = {Scientific Reports}, publisher = {Nature Portfolio}, address = {London}, doi = {10.1038/s41598-022-14605-z}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-46928}, pages = {10}, abstract = {The endoscopic features associated with eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) may be missed during routine endoscopy. We aimed to develop and evaluate an Artificial Intelligence (AI) algorithm for detecting and quantifying the endoscopic features of EoE in white light images, supplemented by the EoE Endoscopic Reference Score (EREFS). An AI algorithm (AI-EoE) was constructed and trained to differentiate between EoE and normal esophagus using endoscopic white light images extracted from the database of the University Hospital Augsburg. In addition to binary classification, a second algorithm was trained with specific auxiliary branches for each EREFS feature (AI-EoE-EREFS). The AI algorithms were evaluated on an external data set from the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill (UNC), and compared with the performance of human endoscopists with varying levels of experience. The overall sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of AI-EoE were 0.93 for all measures, while the AUC was 0.986. With additional auxiliary branches for the EREFS categories, the AI algorithm (AI-EoEEREFS) performance improved to 0.96, 0.94, 0.95, and 0.992 for sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and AUC, respectively. AI-EoE and AI-EoE-EREFS performed significantly better than endoscopy beginners and senior fellows on the same set of images. An AI algorithm can be trained to detect and quantify endoscopic features of EoE with excellent performance scores. The addition of the EREFS criteria improved the performance of the AI algorithm, which performed significantly better than endoscopists with a lower or medium experience level.}, language = {en} } @article{RoserMeinikheimMuzalyovaetal., author = {Roser, David and Meinikheim, Michael and Muzalyova, Anna and Mendel, Robert and Palm, Christoph and Probst, Andreas and Nagl, Sandra and Scheppach, Markus W. and R{\"o}mmele, Christoph and Schnoy, Elisabeth and Parsa, Nasim and Byrne, Michael F. and Messmann, Helmut and Ebigbo, Alanna}, title = {Artificial intelligence-assisted endoscopy and examiner confidence : a study on human-artificial intelligence interaction in Barrett's Esophagus (With Video)}, series = {DEN Open}, volume = {6}, journal = {DEN Open}, number = {1}, publisher = {Wiley}, doi = {10.1002/deo2.70150}, pages = {8}, abstract = {Objective Despite high stand-alone performance, studies demonstrate that artificial intelligence (AI)-supported endoscopic diagnostics often fall short in clinical applications due to human-AI interaction factors. This video-based trial on Barrett's esophagus aimed to investigate how examiner behavior, their levels of confidence, and system usability influence the diagnostic outcomes of AI-assisted endoscopy. Methods The present analysis employed data from a multicenter randomized controlled tandem video trial involving 22 endoscopists with varying degrees of expertise. Participants were tasked with evaluating a set of 96 endoscopic videos of Barrett's esophagus in two distinct rounds, with and without AI assistance. Diagnostic confidence levels were recorded, and decision changes were categorized according to the AI prediction. Additional surveys assessed user experience and system usability ratings. Results AI assistance significantly increased examiner confidence levels (p < 0.001) and accuracy. Withdrawing AI assistance decreased confidence (p < 0.001), but not accuracy. Experts consistently reported higher confidence than non-experts (p < 0.001), regardless of performance. Despite improved confidence, correct AI guidance was disregarded in 16\% of all cases, and 9\% of initially correct diagnoses were changed to incorrect ones. Overreliance on AI, algorithm aversion, and uncertainty in AI predictions were identified as key factors influencing outcomes. The System Usability Scale questionnaire scores indicated good to excellent usability, with non-experts scoring 73.5 and experts 85.6. Conclusions Our findings highlight the pivotal function of examiner behavior in AI-assisted endoscopy. To fully realize the benefits of AI, implementing explainable AI, improving user interfaces, and providing targeted training are essential. Addressing these factors could enhance diagnostic accuracy and confidence in clinical practice.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{WeberBrawanskiPalm, author = {Weber, Joachim and Brawanski, Alexander and Palm, Christoph}, title = {Parallelization of FSL-Fast segmentation of MRI brain data}, series = {58. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft f{\"u}r Medizinische Informatik, Biometrie und Epidemiologie e.V. (GMDS 2013), L{\"u}beck, 01.-05.09.2013}, booktitle = {58. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft f{\"u}r Medizinische Informatik, Biometrie und Epidemiologie e.V. (GMDS 2013), L{\"u}beck, 01.-05.09.2013}, number = {DocAbstr. 329}, publisher = {German Medical Science GMS Publishing House}, address = {D{\"u}sseldorf}, doi = {10.3205/13gmds261}, language = {en} } @article{HuberSchlosserStenzeletal., author = {Huber, Michaela and Schlosser, Daniela and Stenzel, Susanne and Maier, Johannes and Pattappa, Girish and Kujat, Richard and Striegl, Birgit and Docheva, Denitsa}, title = {Quantitative Analysis of Surface Contouring with Pulsed Bipolar Radiofrequency on Thin Chondromalacic Cartilage}, series = {BioMed Research International}, journal = {BioMed Research International}, publisher = {HINDAWI}, doi = {10.1155/2020/1242086}, pages = {1 -- 8}, abstract = {The purpose of this study was to evaluate the quality of surface contouring of chondromalacic cartilage by bipolar radio frequency energy using different treatment patterns in an animal model, as well as examining the impact of the treatment onto chondrocyte viability by two different methods. Our experiments were conducted on 36 fresh osteochondral sections from the tibia plateau of slaughtered 6-month-old pigs, where the thickness of the cartilage is similar to that of human wrist cartilage. An area of 1 cm(2) was first treated with emery paper to simulate the chondromalacic cartilage. Then, the treatment with RFE followed in 6 different patterns. The osteochondral sections were assessed for cellular viability (live/dead assay, caspase (cell apoptosis marker) staining, and quantitative analysed images obtained by fluorescent microscopy). For a quantitative characterization of none or treated cartilage surfaces, various roughness parameters were measured using confocal laser scanning microscopy (Olympus LEXT OLS 4000 3D). To describe the roughness, the Root-Mean-Square parameter (Sq) was calculated. A smoothing effect of the cartilage surface was detectable upon each pattern of RFE treatment. The Sq for native cartilage was Sq=3.8 +/- 1.1 mu m. The best smoothing pattern was seen for two RFE passes and a 2-second pulsed mode (B2p2) with an Sq=27.3 +/- 4.9 mu m. However, with increased smoothing, an augmentation in chondrocyte death up to 95\% was detected. Using bipolar RFE treatment in arthroscopy for small joints like the wrist or MCP joints should be used with caution. In the case of chondroplasty, there is a high chance to destroy the joint cartilage.}, language = {en} } @article{EsperSchultheissGradetal., author = {Esper, Lukas and Schultheiss, Ulrich and Grad, Marius and Noster, Ulf and Bund, Andreas}, title = {Application of the Hull Cell for Identifying Electropolishing Parameters to Adjust Surface Morphology in Additive Manufacturing}, series = {ECS Advances}, volume = {4}, journal = {ECS Advances}, number = {4}, publisher = {The Electrochemical Society}, issn = {2754-2734}, doi = {10.1149/2754-2734/ae184f}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-86295}, pages = {9}, abstract = {Additively processed materials are increasingly used to manufacture customized parts, e.g. medical implants. Implant surfaces often require a smooth finish, which can be achieved by post-processing and well-defined process parameters. In this study, the effects of electropolishing of metal parts produced by laser powder bed fusion are investigated using Hull cell experiments and a three-electrode setup. Current density voltage curves were measured with the three-electrode setup to identify the regimes for electropolishing. Subsequently different constant-currents were applied and Hull cell experiments were conducted. The surface roughness (Sz, Sa) and the mass removal were analysed. Surface morphologies were assessed using laser scanning and scanning electron microscopy. A reduction of the initial surface roughness of more than 90\% to Sa \< 0.3 μm has been achieved. Considering the passed electrical charge during electropolishing, results from Hull cell experiments are systematically correlated with current-controlled electropolishing. This approach enables the precise tailoring of polishing parameters to achieve surfaces with defined roughness. Furthermore, the study demonstrates the suitability of Hull cells in determining electropolishing parameters for additive materials and highlights their contribution to post-processing in additive manufacturing.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{PreissWestner, author = {Preiß, Niklas and Westner, Markus}, title = {Towards a Taxonomy for Digital Assistant Technologies: Addressing the Jingle-Jangle Fallacies}, series = {38th Bled eConference: empowering transformation: shaping digital futures for all: conference proceedings, 8.-11.6.2025, Bled}, booktitle = {38th Bled eConference: empowering transformation: shaping digital futures for all: conference proceedings, 8.-11.6.2025, Bled}, publisher = {University of Maribor Press}, isbn = {9789612869984}, doi = {10.18690/um.fov.4.2025.1}, pages = {1 -- 20}, abstract = {This study proposes a unified taxonomy for Digital Assistant Technologies (DATs) to resolve terminological inconsistencies and eliminate »Jingle-Jangle fallacies.« By employing a systematic taxonomy development method on 137 papers, the framework categorizes DATs across four meta-characteristics: AI technology, context, intelligence, and interaction. This taxonomy facilitates the clear differentiation of three primary DAT concepts: assistant, chatbot, and agent. By providing a structured framework, the study enhances conceptual clarity, fosters more focused research, and ensures better alignment of DATs.}, language = {en} } @article{SchmiedtNeumaier, author = {Schmiedt, Anja Bettina and Neumaier, Stefanie}, title = {{\"U}ber die strukturierte Entwicklung digitaler Lehr- und Lernformate mit EMPAMOS - Erkenntnisse aus einem Lehrprojekt}, series = {Hochschulbildung und Spiel : Lernen motivierend gestalten}, journal = {Hochschulbildung und Spiel : Lernen motivierend gestalten}, editor = {Zinger, Benjamin and Wester, Ann Marie and Br{\"o}ker, Thomas}, publisher = {transcriptVerlag}, address = {Bielefeld}, isbn = {978-3-8394-7374-0}, pages = {121 -- 136}, abstract = {Der vorliegende Beitrag diskutiert ausgew{\"a}hlte Schlaglichter eines hybriden Lehr- und Lernprojektes, welches mithilfe von EMPAMOS als Analyse-, Gestaltungs- und Reflexionsinstrument entwickelt und begleitet wurde. Das Lehrprojekt verfolgte das Ziel, hybride und digitale Lehre in einem Kurs zur mathematischen Statistik durch Gamification motivational ansprechend zu gestalten. Hierf{\"u}r wurde das hybride Lehr- und Lernlabor als ein ver{\"a}nderliches Spielfeld verstanden, mit welchem es umzugehen galt, um stets handlungsf{\"a}hig zu bleiben und Studierende ad{\"a}quat auf das Bestehen des Leistungsnachweises vorzubereiten. Dabei konnte die kooperative Spielform als ein zentrales Spielelement identifiziert werden, mit dem sich dieser Auftrag umsetzen ließ. Bei den Studierenden hatte jedoch das immanente motivationale Bed{\"u}rfnis nach Kompetenzerleben die h{\"o}chste Priorit{\"a}t.}, language = {de} } @incollection{SchmiedtSussmannKlemcke, author = {Schmiedt, Anja and Sussmann, Monika and Klemcke, Joy}, title = {Generative K{\"u}nstliche Intelligenz und Mathematik in der Hochschullehre : ein Rendezvous zwischen Euphorie und Skepsis}, series = {Hochschulbildung und Spiel : Lernen motivierend gestalten}, booktitle = {Hochschulbildung und Spiel : Lernen motivierend gestalten}, editor = {Zinger, Benjamin and Wester, Ann Marie and Br{\"o}ker, Thomas}, publisher = {transcriptVerlag}, address = {Bielefeld}, isbn = {978-3-8394-7374-0}, pages = {269 -- 284}, language = {de} } @incollection{Weber, author = {Weber, Karsten}, title = {K{\"u}nstliche Intelligenz am Ende des Lebens}, series = {Ethik der Digitalisierung in Gesundheitswesen und Pflege: Analysen und ein Tool zur integrierten Forschung}, booktitle = {Ethik der Digitalisierung in Gesundheitswesen und Pflege: Analysen und ein Tool zur integrierten Forschung}, editor = {Grimm, Petra and Z{\"o}llner, Oliver}, publisher = {Franz Steiner Verlag}, address = {Stuttgart}, isbn = {978-3-515-13552-8}, doi = {10.25162/9783515135528}, pages = {87 -- 107}, language = {de} } @article{MaierWeihererHuberetal., author = {Maier, Johannes and Weiherer, Maximilian and Huber, Michaela and Palm, Christoph}, title = {Imitating human soft tissue on basis of a dual-material 3D print using a support-filled metamaterial to provide bimanual haptic for a hand surgery training system}, series = {Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery}, volume = {9}, journal = {Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery}, number = {1}, publisher = {AME Publishing Company}, doi = {10.21037/qims.2018.09.17}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-979}, pages = {30 -- 42}, abstract = {Background: Currently, it is common practice to use three-dimensional (3D) printers not only for rapid prototyping in the industry, but also in the medical area to create medical applications for training inexperienced surgeons. In a clinical training simulator for minimally invasive bone drilling to fix hand fractures with Kirschner-wires (K-wires), a 3D-printed hand phantom must not only be geometrically but also haptically correct. Due to a limited view during an operation, surgeons need to perfectly localize underlying risk structures only by feeling of specific bony protrusions of the human hand. Methods: The goal of this experiment is to imitate human soft tissue with its haptic and elasticity for a realistic hand phantom fabrication, using only a dual-material 3D printer and support-material-filled metamaterial between skin and bone. We present our workflow to generate lattice structures between hard bone and soft skin with iterative cube edge (CE) or cube face (CF) unit cells. Cuboid and finger shaped sample prints with and without inner hard bone in different lattice thickness are constructed and 3D printed. Results: The most elastic available rubber-like material is too firm to imitate soft tissue. By reducing the amount of rubber in the inner volume through support material (SUP), objects become significantly softer. Without metamaterial, after disintegration, the SUP can be shifted through the volume and thus the body loses its original shape. Although the CE design increases the elasticity, it cannot restore the fabric form. In contrast to CE, the CF design increases not only the elasticity but also guarantees a local limitation of the SUP. Therefore, the body retains its shape and internal bones remain in its intended place. Various unit cell sizes, lattice thickening and skin thickness regulate the rubber material and SUP ratio. Test prints with higher SUP and lower rubber material percentage appear softer and vice versa. This was confirmed by an expert surgeon evaluation. Subjects adjudged pure rubber-like material as too firm and samples only filled with SUP or lattice structure in CE design as not suitable for imitating tissue. 3D-printed finger samples in CF design were rated as realistic compared to the haptic of human tissue with a good palpable bone structure. Conclusions: We developed a new dual-material 3D print technique to imitate soft tissue of the human hand with its haptic properties. Blowy SUP is trapped within a lattice structure to soften rubber-like 3D print material, which makes it possible to reproduce a realistic replica of human hand soft tissue.}, subject = {Handchirurgie}, language = {en} } @article{MaierWeihererHuberetal., author = {Maier, Johannes and Weiherer, Maximilian and Huber, Michaela and Palm, Christoph}, title = {Optically tracked and 3D printed haptic phantom hand for surgical training system}, series = {Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery}, volume = {10}, journal = {Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery}, number = {02}, publisher = {AME Publishing Company}, address = {Hong Kong, China}, doi = {10.21037/qims.2019.12.03}, pages = {340 -- 455}, abstract = {Background: For surgical fixation of bone fractures of the human hand, so-called Kirschner-wires (K-wires) are drilled through bone fragments. Due to the minimally invasive drilling procedures without a view of risk structures like vessels and nerves, a thorough training of young surgeons is necessary. For the development of a virtual reality (VR) based training system, a three-dimensional (3D) printed phantom hand is required. To ensure an intuitive operation, this phantom hand has to be realistic in both, its position relative to the driller as well as in its haptic features. The softest 3D printing material available on the market, however, is too hard to imitate human soft tissue. Therefore, a support-material (SUP) filled metamaterial is used to soften the raw material. Realistic haptic features are important to palpate protrusions of the bone to determine the drilling starting point and angle. An optical real-time tracking is used to transfer position and rotation to the training system. Methods: A metamaterial already developed in previous work is further improved by use of a new unit cell. Thus, the amount of SUP within the volume can be increased and the tissue is softened further. In addition, the human anatomy is transferred to the entire hand model. A subcutaneous fat layer and penetration of air through pores into the volume simulate shiftability of skin layers. For optical tracking, a rotationally symmetrical marker attached to the phantom hand with corresponding reference marker is developed. In order to ensure trouble-free position transmission, various types of marker point applications are tested. Results: Several cuboid and forearm sample prints lead to a final 30 centimeter long hand model. The whole haptic phantom could be printed faultless within about 17 hours. The metamaterial consisting of the new unit cell results in an increased SUP share of 4.32\%. Validated by an expert surgeon study, this allows in combination with a displacement of the uppermost skin layer a good palpability of the bones. Tracking of the hand marker in dodecahedron design works trouble-free in conjunction with a reference marker attached to the worktop of the training system. Conclusions: In this work, an optically tracked and haptically correct phantom hand was developed using dual-material 3D printing, which can be easily integrated into a surgical training system.}, subject = {Handchirurgie}, language = {en} } @article{WoehlMaierGehmertetal., author = {W{\"o}hl, Rebecca and Maier, Johannes and Gehmert, Sebastian and Palm, Christoph and Riebschl{\"a}ger, Birgit and Nerlich, Michael and Huber, Michaela}, title = {3D Analysis of Osteosyntheses Material using semi-automated CT Segmentation}, series = {BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders}, volume = {19}, journal = {BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, doi = {10.1186/s12891-018-1975-0}, pages = {1 -- 8}, abstract = {Backround Scaphoidectomy and midcarpal fusion can be performed using traditional fixation methods like K-wires, staples, screws or different dorsal (non)locking arthrodesis systems. The aim of this study is to test the Aptus four corner locking plate and to compare the clinical findings to the data revealed by CT scans and semi-automated segmentation. Methods: This is a retrospective review of eleven patients suffering from scapholunate advanced collapse (SLAC) or scaphoid non-union advanced collapse (SNAC) wrist, who received a four corner fusion between August 2011 and July 2014. The clinical evaluation consisted of measuring the range of motion (ROM), strength and pain on a visual analogue scale (VAS). Additionally, the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (QuickDASH) and the Mayo Wrist Score were assessed. A computerized tomography (CT) of the wrist was obtained six weeks postoperatively. After semi-automated segmentation of the CT scans, the models were post processed and surveyed. Results During the six-month follow-up mean range of motion (ROM) of the operated wrist was 60°, consisting of 30° extension and 30° flexion. While pain levels decreased significantly, 54\% of grip strength and 89\% of pinch strength were preserved compared to the contralateral healthy wrist. Union could be detected in all CT scans of the wrist. While X-ray pictures obtained postoperatively revealed no pathology, two user related technical complications were found through the 3D analysis, which correlated to the clinical outcome. Conclusion Due to semi-automated segmentation and 3D analysis it has been proved that the plate design can keep up to the manufacturers' promises. Over all, this case series confirmed that the plate can compete with the coexisting techniques concerning clinical outcome, union and complication rate.}, subject = {Handchirurgie}, language = {en} } @article{GerschNosterSchulzetal., author = {Gersch, Sebastian and Noster, Ulf and Schulz, Carsten and Bagdahn, J{\"o}rg}, title = {Influence of the Process-Related Surface Structure of L-PBF Manufactured Components on Residual Stress Measurement Using the Incremental Hole Drilling Method}, series = {Applied Sciences}, volume = {15}, journal = {Applied Sciences}, number = {18}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {2076-3417}, doi = {10.3390/app15189861}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-84929}, pages = {17}, abstract = {Laser Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF) parts combine geometric freedom with process-induced rough surfaces that challenge residual-stress metrology. We evaluated the accuracy of the incremental hole-drilling (IHD) method with electronic speckle pattern interferometry (ESPI) by applying defined stresses via four-point bending to stress-relieved AlSi10Mg coupons, rather than measuring unknown process stresses. Flat specimens (2 mm, thin per ASTM E837) were analyzed on up-skin, side-skin, and CNC-milled surfaces; thin-specimen calibration coefficients were used. After a preliminary inter-specimen check (three specimens per surface; spread \< 8 MPa), one representative specimen per surface was tested with three drill sites to assess intra-specimen uniformity. Measured IHD-ESPI stresses agreed best at 70 MPa: deviations were ~4.1\% (up-skin), 6.0\% (side-skin), and 6.24\% (CNC-milled). At 10 MPa the relative errors increased (23.6\%, 18.4\%, and 1.40\%), consistent with reduced ESPI signal-to-noise and fixture compliance in the low-stress regime. At 140 MPa, deviations rose again (21.1\%, 14.3\%, and 13.1\%), reflecting operation near the ~60\% Rp0.2 elastic limit of hole-drilling and potential local plasticity. Surface-dependent artifacts also mattered as follows: the side-skin required no coating and performed comparably to CNC-milled, whereas the up-skin's roughness plus matting spray introduced fringe distortions and chip/coating debris near the hole. This controlled study indicates that IHD-ESPI can provide reliable results on L-PBF AlSi10Mg in the mid-stress range when surface preparation, coating, and rig compliance are carefully managed. Limitations include excluding down-skin surfaces and testing only one specimen per condition; thus, results should be generalized cautiously.}, language = {en} } @article{SafiBandicNiedermeieretal., author = {Safi, Hila and Bandic, Medina and Niedermeier, Christoph and Almudever, Carmen G. and Feld, Sebastian and Mauerer, Wolfgang}, title = {Stacking the odds: full-stack quantum system design space exploration}, series = {EPJ Quantum Technology}, volume = {12}, journal = {EPJ Quantum Technology}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Heidelberg}, doi = {10.1140/epjqt/s40507-025-00413-7}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-85157}, pages = {31}, abstract = {Design space exploration (DSE) plays an important role in optimising quantum circuit execution by systematically evaluating different configurations of compilation strategies and hardware settings. In this paper, we conduct a comprehensive investigation into the impact of various layout methods, qubit routing techniques, and optimisation levels, as well as device-specific properties such as different variants and strengths of noise and imperfections, the topological structure of qubits, connectivity densities, and back-end sizes. By spanning through these dimensions, we aim to understand the interplay between compilation choices and hardware characteristics. A key question driving our exploration is whether the optimal selection of device parameters, mapping techniques, comprising of initial layout strategies and routing heuristics can mitigate device induced errors beyond standard error mitigation approaches. Our results show that carefully selecting software strategies (e.g., mapping and routing algorithms) and tailoring hardware characteristics (such as minimising noise and leveraging topology and connectivity density) significantly improve the fidelity of circuit execution outcomes, and thus the expected correctness or success probability of the computational result. We provide estimates based on key metrics such as circuit depth, gate count and expected fidelity. Our results highlight the importance of hardware-software co-design, particularly as quantum systems scale to larger dimensions, and along the way towards fully error corrected quantum systems: Our study is based on computationally noisy simulations, but considers various implementations of quantum error correction (QEC) using the same approach as for other algorithms. The observed sensitivity of circuit fidelity to noise and connectivity suggests that co-design principles will be equally critical when integrating QEC in future systems. Our exploration provides practical guidelines for co-optimising physical mapping, qubit routing, and hardware configurations in realistic quantum computing scenarios.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{GrafHachaniFischeretal., author = {Graf, Julian and Hachani, Murad and Fischer, Sebastian and Hackenberg, Rudolf}, title = {A heuristic packet processing model for improved encrypted network analysis}, series = {CSCS '25: Proceedings of the 2nd Cyber Security in CarS Workshop}, booktitle = {CSCS '25: Proceedings of the 2nd Cyber Security in CarS Workshop}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York, USA}, doi = {10.1145/3736130.3764510}, pages = {12}, abstract = {Modern networked systems, such as those in the automotive sector, face increasing complexity and growing attack surfaces due to the rise of interconnected and data-driven technologies. Detecting malicious behavior in these environments requires efficient and scalable methods that can operate reliably despite limited resources and high communication volumes. This paper proposes a heuristic packet processing model designed to support intrusion detection based on structural and temporal characteristics of encrypted network traffic. The model follows a modular architecture consisting of four key phases: recording, sorting, prioritizing, and analyzing. At the core of the approach is the Polymetric Queueing Topology Space, a feature space that combines statistical and time series attributes derived from model structure and flow data. These features serve as input for machine learning models, which can effectively distinguish between benign and intrusion traffic patterns without relying on packet data beyond the transport layer. The approach was evaluated using the publicly available ToN_IoT dataset and demonstrated that reliable classification is achievable using a subset of the developed feature space that contains model-derived traffic features. We used Random Forest for supervised binary and multi-class classification achieving high accuracy scores of 99\% for binary and 98\% for multi-class classification. Additionally, for unsupervised anomaly detection, we created an Isolation Forest model accomplishing F1-scores of 0.92 for the benign and 0.96 for intrusion class. The architecture is designed to enable dynamic traffic prioritization and to offer a flexible foundation that can observe diverse network domains while maintaining efficient performance under constrained computational conditions.}, language = {en} } @article{DiachkovaNikolaevaGuertler, author = {Diachkova, Yana and Nikolaeva, Sofiya and Guertler, Katherine}, title = {Communication in International Humanitarian Relief: Profiling Ukrainian Boundary Spanners}, series = {Journal of Intercultural Communication}, volume = {25}, journal = {Journal of Intercultural Communication}, number = {1}, publisher = {ICR Publications}, issn = {1404-1634}, doi = {10.36923/jicc.v25i1.1019}, pages = {98 -- 106}, abstract = {Boundary spanning—the actions and roles individuals or organizations undertake to bridge differences and facilitate communication, collaboration, and understanding across diverse cultural, organizational, or geographical divisions—is an essential element of international cooperation. Set against the backdrop of the Russia-Ukraine war, The purpose of this study is to explore the type of boundary spanning in this uncertain context, the linguistic characteristics of boundary spanners, the necessary skills and competencies required to navigate the complex socio-political landscape, and the role of boundary spanners in humanitarian assistance. This study employs a qualitative research approach, using semi-structured interviews with informants actively engaged in relief efforts and cross-cultural collaboration. The findings emphasized the significance of English as the primary language of communication, the importance of cultural sensitivity and awareness, and the need for intercultural competence in effective boundary spanning. The study concludes with insights from the ongoing Ukrainian experience of bridging geodemographic boundaries and the role of boundary spanners in this process, highlighting key aspects of boundary spanning. Overall, the study contributes to the theoretical background of boundary spanning and enhances the understanding of how linguistic and cultural boundary spanning can drive positive change and improve outcomes in humanitarian aid. The implications of this study suggest that underscore the critical need for collaboration with experienced boundary spanners in educational settings.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{StockerLehrerDuddecketal., author = {Stocker, Philipp and Lehrer, Tobias and Duddeck, Fabian and Wagner, Marcus}, title = {Face-wise prediction of sheet-metal drawability using graph neural networks}, series = {Journal of Physics: Conference Series}, volume = {3104}, booktitle = {Journal of Physics: Conference Series}, number = {1}, publisher = {IOP Publishing}, issn = {1742-6588}, doi = {10.1088/1742-6596/3104/1/012053}, pages = {11}, abstract = {The early design phase of deep-drawn structural components involves time-consuming iterative development. Traditional drawability assessments rely on finite element simulations, which are computationally expensive and slow the design process. Alternative machine learning (ML) approaches show promise in accelerating this process but face challenges with existing methods. Existing low-dimensional ML models only provide global predictions without identifying specific geometric regions prone to failure. High-dimensional models provide local predictions but require significant amounts of training data. We propose a data-driven approach leveraging graph neural networks (GNNs) for face-wise drawability prediction of sheet metal components in their computer-aided design (CAD) representation. Our method aims to bridge the gap between the computational efficiency of ML and the spatial resolution of simulation by providing face-wise insight into potential failure regions. This study utilises a dataset of parametric U-channel geometries with variability in both geometry and topology. Ground-truth labels are generated using inverse analysis simulations. Geometric entities are represented through the use of UV parameterisations, whereby 3D surfaces are mapped into 2D space to facilitate geometric encoding. Concurrently, the topological relationships are captured using a face adjacency graph. To address data scarcity, we evaluate how different amounts of training data affect model performance and perform ablation studies to analyse the impact of different CAD representation features. Our results show that the proposed approach achieves high accuracy even with limited training data. In addition, the ablation studies provide insights into the most critical CAD features, guiding future research. These results highlight the potential of our GNN to predict face-wise drawability in the early design phase.}, language = {en} } @article{TremmelNaglerKutteretal., author = {Tremmel, Florian and Nagler, Oliver and Kutter, Christoph and Holmer, Rainer}, title = {Mechanical robustness analysis of semiconductors with a single needle probe card using acoustic emissions}, series = {e-Journal of Nondestructive Testing}, volume = {29}, journal = {e-Journal of Nondestructive Testing}, number = {10}, publisher = {NDT.net}, issn = {1435-4934}, doi = {10.58286/30254}, abstract = {The combination of indentation testing and acoustic emission (AE) is widely used to analyze the fracture toughness of test substrates. In the manufacturing of semiconductor devices this material parameter also plays an important role. During the so-called wafer testing inside a wafer prober small probe tips are pressed onto the chip surface to check its performance. To prevent damaging the chip by that, the fracture toughness and load limit of it has to be defined in a prequalification step. This paper presents a test system that imitates the wafer testing process as close as possible and uses acoustic emission to detect appearing cracks and thereby also the load limit. The frontend of the test setup consists of a modular single needle probe card which can be placed in a wafer prober. Also, the indenter properties (tip diameter, stiffness, etc.) can be adjusted to the probe used later on during productive wafer testing to ensure realistic probing conditions. A piezoelectric sensor and a full strain gauge Wheatstone bridge are implemented close to the single indenter to measure the AEs and the applied contact force respectively. The signal-to-noise-ratios (SNRs) of both sensors are improved with an own analog amplifier module before recording them with an USB oscilloscope. A developed measurement software (LabVIEW) is used to adjust measurement parameters (trigger limit, record length, conversion factors, etc.) and automatically store and separate measurement data from different acoustic events and imprints. To evaluate the result files a second software tool (MATLAB) reads the files out and clusters the recorded events to separate crack signals from electrical and mechanical disturbances. With a prototype first test results are generated and the functionality and accuracy of the measurement concept is proven.}, language = {en} } @article{LehlePhilippKrenkeletal., author = {Lehle, Karla and Philipp, Alois and Krenkel, Lars and Gruber, Michael and Hiller, Karl-Anton and M{\"u}ller, Thomas and Lubnow, Matthias}, title = {Thrombocytopenia During Venovenous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Adult Patients With Bacterial, Viral, and COVID-19 Pneumonia}, series = {ASAIO Journal}, journal = {ASAIO Journal}, publisher = {Wolters Kluwer}, issn = {1058-2916}, doi = {10.1097/MAT.0000000000002383}, abstract = {Contact of blood with artificial surfaces triggers platelet activation. The aim was to compare platelet kinetics after venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-V ECMO) start and after system exchange in different etiologies of acute lung failure. Platelet counts and coagulation parameters were analyzed from adult patients with long and exchange-free (≥8 days) ECMO runs (n = 330) caused by bacterial (n = 142), viral (n = 76), or coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) (n = 112) pneumonia. A subpopulation requiring a system exchange and with long, exchange-free runs of the second oxygenator (≥7 days) (n = 110) was analyzed analogously. Patients with COVID-19 showed the highest platelet levels before ECMO implantation. Independent of the underlying disease and ECMO type, platelet counts decreased significantly within 24 hours and reached a steady state after 5 days. In the subpopulation, at the day of a system exchange, platelet counts were lower compared with ECMO start, but without differences between underlying diseases. Subsequently, platelets remained unchanged in the bacterial pneumonia group, but increased in the COVID-19 and viral pneumonia groups within 2-4 days, whereas D-dimers decreased and fibrinogen levels increased. Thus, overall platelet counts on V-V ECMO show disease-specific initial dynamics followed by an ongoing consumption by the ECMO device, which is not boosted by new artificial surfaces after a system exchange.}, language = {en} } @article{KellnerKraftQuayson, author = {Kellner, Florian and Kraft, Sarah Katharina and Quayson, Matthew}, title = {Sustainable supplier evaluation under due diligence acts}, series = {Frontiers in Sustainability}, volume = {6}, journal = {Frontiers in Sustainability}, publisher = {Frontiers}, doi = {10.3389/frsus.2025.1677700}, pages = {15}, abstract = {The enactment of due diligence legislation, such as the German Act on Corporate Due Diligence Obligations in Supply Chains, in German Lieferkettensorgfaltspflichtengesetz (LkSG), is reshaping global supply chain management by compelling companies to tackle heightened human rights and environmental risks in their supply chain. This study addresses the need for a comprehensive sustainability supplier evaluation framework by employing a systematic literature review with an expert survey of practitioners from German companies subject to LkSG. This methodology aligns academic findings with real-world practice and legal requirements, enriching the literature with practical insights. The results reveal that business practice prioritizes economic and social dimensions, whereas the literature focuses on economic and environmental dimensions. Although the most relevant economic and environmental criteria are consistent across both domains, the key social criteria show a notable misalignment. Managers can utilize the most relevant sustainability supplier evaluation criteria identified in this study to promote sustainable supply chains and ensure compliance with due diligence requirements. This research also highlights the high relevance of human rights as a social criterion, a dimension that has been historically under-recognized or implicitly addressed in the literature.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{BraunHaugSchneider, author = {Braun, Felicitas and Haug, Sonja and Schneider, Viola}, title = {Needs Assessment for an Assistance System for the Visually Impaired and Blind in Climbing and Bouldering}, series = {dHealth 2025 : Proceedings of the 19th Health Informatics Meets Digital Health Conference, 6. + 7. May 2025, Vienna}, booktitle = {dHealth 2025 : Proceedings of the 19th Health Informatics Meets Digital Health Conference, 6. + 7. May 2025, Vienna}, editor = {Baumgartner, Martin}, publisher = {Sage ; IOS Press}, isbn = {978-1-64368-592-2}, doi = {10.3233/SHTI324}, pages = {29 -- 34}, abstract = {Background: This thesis deals with the potentials and challenges of climbing for blind and visually impaired people. Objectives: The extent to which an innovative technical assistance system can contribute to supporting this sport in climbing gyms is analyzed. Methods: As part of this study, a needs analysis was carried out using a mixed methods approach. This comprises an observational study, expert interviews and a quantitative survey of the potential target group. Results: The studies show that climbing can promote the development of social and physical skills. Nevertheless, there are needs and challenges, such as finding the next hold on a route. Conclusions: The technical assistance system could provide support by addressing these specific challenges and needs of blind and visually impaired people when climbing and supporting them with acoustic signals.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{GalkaWeigert, author = {Galka, Stefan and Weigert, Alexander}, title = {Systematik zur planungsbegleitenden Simulation bei der Konzeptplanung von Produktionssystemen - ein Anwendungsfall aus der Elektrolysestack-Produktion}, series = {Simulation in Produktion und Logistik 2025}, booktitle = {Simulation in Produktion und Logistik 2025}, editor = {Schmidt, Thorsten and K{\"u}hn, Mathias and Rank, Sebastian}, publisher = {Technische Universit{\"a}t Dresden, Professur f{\"u}r Technische Logistik}, address = {Dresden}, isbn = {978-3-86780-806-4}, doi = {10.25368/2025.278}, pages = {45-1 -- 45-10}, abstract = {Simulation can support early-stage production system planning by enabling efficient evaluation of concept variants. However, detailed models are often impractical in concept phases due to limited data and high modelling effort. This paper presents a structured three-stage simulation approach for supporting the concept planning of water electrolyzer stack production systems . The approach leverages automatic model generation from formal process descriptions and gradually increases model detail across stages, carried out through a custom-developed simulation framework. This enables early validation of the throughput capability, resource planning, and the analysis of stochastically occurring technical malfunction. The method aims to reduce planning time while improving decision quality.}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{GalkaMeissner, author = {Galka, Stefan and Meißner, Sebastian}, title = {Einsatz von Digitalen Zwillingen f{\"u}r die operative Steuerung von innerbetrieblichen Transportsystemen}, series = {Simulation in Produktion und Logistik 2025}, booktitle = {Simulation in Produktion und Logistik 2025}, editor = {Schmidt, Thorsten and Rank, Sebastian and K{\"u}hn, Mathias}, publisher = {Technische Universit{\"a}t Dresden, Professur f{\"u}r Technische Logistik}, address = {Dresden}, isbn = {978-3-86780-806-4}, doi = {10.25368/2025.280}, pages = {47-1 -- 47-11}, abstract = {This paper presents the architecture and functionality of a simulation-based Digital Twin designed to support decision-making in the control of internal transport systems. The developed Digital Twin leverages a wide range of data from operational information systems to predict future system loads. Specific methods for forecasting transport orders have been developed. An integrated simulation framework enables analysis of potential control decisions, such as resource allocation or the timing of order releases. The simulation results are used for multi-criteria evaluation of the available options for preventive action, thus, providing users with concrete recommendations to support their operational decision-making processes.}, language = {de} } @article{SchmidThiel, author = {Schmid, Michael T. and Thiel, Charlotte}, title = {Is it worth it? Potential for reducing the environmental impact of bitumen roofing membrane production}, series = {Recycling}, volume = {10}, journal = {Recycling}, number = {6}, publisher = {MDPI}, doi = {10.3390/recycling10060208}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-86873}, pages = {24}, abstract = {Between 51\% and 72\% of a bituminous roofing membrane used for structural water-proofing consists of organic material, predominantly bitumen - a derivative of crude oil refining - highlighting the strong dependence of this product on fossil resources. Considering that several tonnes of these membranes must be replaced every 30 to 50 years, substantial potential exists for emission reduction through the establishment of circular material systems. This study investigates this potential by analysing 26 Environmental Product Declarations (EPDs) and life cycle datasets from across Europe covering the period from 2007 to 2023. To ensure comparability, all data were normalised to a declared unit of 1 kg of roofing membrane. The reinforcement layers were categorised into glass and polyester \& glass composites, and their differences were examined using Welch's t-tests. Correlative analyses and linear as well as multiple regression models were then applied to explore relationships between environmental indicators and the shares of organic and mineral mass fractions. The findings reveal that renewable energy sources, although currently representing only a small share of total production energy, provide a major lever for reducing nearly all environmental impact categories. The type of reinforcement layer was also found to influence the demand for fossil resources, both materially and energetically. For most environmental indicators, only multiple regression models can explain at least 30\% of the variance based on the proportions of organic and mineral inputs. Overall, the study underscores the crucial importance of high-quality, transparently documented product data for accurately assessing the sustainability of building products. It further demonstrates that substituting fossil energy carriers with renewable sources and optimising material efficiency can substantially reduce environmental burdens, provided that methodological consistency and clarity of indicator definitions are maintained.}, language = {en} } @article{SchieglSchrollDeckerKurbel, author = {Schiegl, Corina and Schroll-Decker, Irmgard and Kurbel, Matthias}, title = {Self-Determination in Patients with Intensive Care Needs: Care Management Implications}, series = {Journal of Social Policy}, volume = {18}, journal = {Journal of Social Policy}, number = {21}, publisher = {Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Faculty of Philosophy}, address = {Skopje}, doi = {10.37509/socpol251821149s}, pages = {159 -- 168}, abstract = {Highly vulnerable people, such as those on permanent ventilation, are heavily dependent on medical, nursing and social support. The aim of the treatment of these patients is to make them independent of the ventilators - insofar as there is a po- tential for weaning from ventilation. This requires a considerable amount of time, especially for people with multimorbid diseases. In a clinical setting, the necessary resources for this are not available. In a newly created transitional living form for out-of-hospital ventilation wean- ing, patients are closely supervised and supported in the weaning process by a multidisciplinary team in a homely environment. The transitional housing form is supported by research carried out by the Ostbayerische Technische Hochschule Re- gensburg. The evaluation of self-determination in a complex disease situation is one aspect of this research. This paper is based on a study that included 54 guideline-based, semi-stan- dardised interviews which were conducted with the patients themselves and/or rel- atives covering the aspects of medical and therapeutic care as well as housing and self-determination. The interviews were evaluated using content analysis. In a first step, the categories of the analysis of self-determination are described. Further- more, the results are exemplified with a case study. Results of the study show that the perception of quality of life is closely linked to the possibilities for self-determination. The comprehensive medical, nursing and therapeutic support contributes to the well-being of the sick people, who should be informed about and involved in the treatment. The case study illustrates by way of example how self-determination can be achieved in the case of severely diseased patients (e.g. referring to their mobilisation, visits, spare time activities) and how compliance can be increased. It became evident that even in the case of lethal dis- eases whose progression cannot be influenced, a self-determined life is still possi- ble.}, subject = {Selbstbestimmung}, language = {en} } @article{SchummBrownAbdelKhaleketal., author = {Schumm, Leon and Brown, Tom and Abdel-Khalek, Hazem and Ueckerdt, Falko and Sterner, Michael and Fioriti, David and Parzen, Max}, title = {The impact of temporal hydrogen regulation on hydrogen exporters and their domestic energy transition}, series = {Nature Communications}, volume = {16}, journal = {Nature Communications}, publisher = {Nature}, address = {London}, doi = {10.1038/s41467-025-62873-w}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-84857}, pages = {13}, abstract = {As global demand for green hydrogen rises, potential hydrogen exporters move into the spotlight. While exports can bring countries revenue, large-scale on-grid hydrogen electrolysis for export can profoundly impact domestic energy prices and energy-related emissions. Our investigation explores the interplay of hydrogen exports, domestic energy transition and temporal hydrogen regulation, employing a sector-coupled energy model in Morocco. We find substantial co-benefits of domestic carbon dioxide mitigation and hydrogen exports, whereby exports can reduce market-based costs for domestic electricity consumers while mitigation reduces costs for hydrogen exporters. However, increasing hydrogen exports in a fossil-dominated system can substantially raise market-based costs for domestic electricity consumers, but surprisingly, temporal matching of hydrogen production can lower these costs by up to 31\% with minimal impact on exporters. Here, we show that this policy instrument can steer the welfare (re-)distribution between hydrogen exporting firms, hydrogen importers, and domestic electricity consumers and hereby increases acceptance among actors.}, language = {en} } @article{SchmiedtEmpacherKamps, author = {Schmiedt, Anja B. and Empacher, Christina and Kamps, Udo}, title = {One- and two-sided prediction intervals for future Pareto record values with applications}, series = {Journal of Statistical Theory and Applications}, journal = {Journal of Statistical Theory and Applications}, publisher = {Springer}, issn = {2214-1766}, doi = {10.1007/s44199-025-00119-w}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-81605}, pages = {26}, abstract = {Based on upper record values in a series of observations over time from a Pareto distribution, an exact and several approximate one-sided and two-sided prediction intervals for the next record value (or for another future record value) to appear are studied and compared by means of an extensive simulation study. The performances of the prediction intervals are evaluated and recommendations are proposed for what method should be used in a given situation with respect to the form of the prediction interval on the one hand and to the tail behaviour on the other. The proposed methods are applied to insurance, environmental and sports data, where the respectively fitted Pareto distributions show a different tail behaviour. As a result, it is seen that although the number of observed record values in the presented real data applications is rather small, as it is usually the case, the selected prediction intervals are of practical use.}, language = {en} } @article{DotterHaugSchnelletal., author = {Dotter, Caroline and Haug, Sonja and Schnell, Rainer and Raptis, Georgios and Weber, Karsten}, title = {Sharing health data for research purposes: results of a population survey in Germany}, series = {BMC health services research}, volume = {25}, journal = {BMC health services research}, publisher = {BMC}, doi = {10.1186/s12913-025-12706-9}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-81622}, pages = {9}, abstract = {BACKGROUND: Increased use of health data has the potential to improve both health care and health policies. Several recent policy initiatives at the European and German legislative levels aim to increase the primary and secondary use of health data. However, little is known about general population views on health data access for research. Most studies are based on subsets defined by specific illnesses. METHODS: We commissioned a national computer-assisted dual-frame telephone survey (landline and mobile). Logit estimation models were used to identify predictors of willingness to provide access to health data to different organizations (universities in Germany, universities worldwide, German government organizations, pharmaceutical companies). RESULTS: A high willingness to share health data for research purposes is observed, depending on the specific data recipient. The willingness is highest for research at universities in Germany and German governmental organizations, and lowest regarding research by pharmaceutical companies. The main drivers for sharing health data are the level of trust in public institutions, the respondents' assessment of the seriousness and likelihood of data misuse, and the level of digital literacy. Age, gender, and level of education have small effects and do not determine the willingness to share health data for all organizations. CONCLUSION: We present evidence from a random sample of the German population. The results indicate widespread support among the population for providing access to health data for research purposes. Similar to findings in other countries, the willingness depends strongly on the recipient of the data. This paper evaluates the impact of various determinants - identified in previous qualitative and quantitative research - on the willingness of the German population to share health data. While previous studies have found that patients are generally more willing to share health data, we found that the presence of a medical precondition does not translate into respondents' unequivocal support for health data sharing. We identify privacy concerns, general trust, and digital literacy as key factors influencing the willingness to share health data. Therefore, policymakers and stakeholders need to ensure and communicate the necessary privacy protection measures to increase the willingness of the German population to share health data.}, language = {en} } @incollection{Richter, author = {Richter, Stefanie}, title = {(Er)Leben {\"a}lterer Menschen in Alten-, Pflegeheimen und Wohnstiften : Zukunftsunsicherheit, {\"U}berg{\"a}nge und Lebensalltag}, series = {{\"A}ltere Menschen in prek{\"a}ren Lebenslagen : Theorien, Handlungsfelder und Fragestellungen f{\"u}r die Soziale Arbeit}, booktitle = {{\"A}ltere Menschen in prek{\"a}ren Lebenslagen : Theorien, Handlungsfelder und Fragestellungen f{\"u}r die Soziale Arbeit}, editor = {Middendorf, Tim and Parchow, Alexander}, publisher = {Beltz Juventa}, address = {Weinheim}, isbn = {978-3-7799-9123-6}, doi = {10.3262/978-3-7799-9123-6}, pages = {467 -- 481}, language = {de} } @article{WinterArtingerBoecketal., author = {Winter, Lina and Artinger, Annalena and B{\"o}ck, Hendrik and Ramakrishnan, Vignesh and Reible, Bruno and Albin, Jan and Sch{\"u}ffler, Peter J. and Raptis, Georgios and Brochhausen, Christoph}, title = {Developing a smart and scalable tool for histopathological education—PATe 2.0}, series = {Journal of Pathology Informatics}, volume = {20}, journal = {Journal of Pathology Informatics}, publisher = {Elsevier}, issn = {2153-3539}, doi = {10.1016/j.jpi.2025.100535}, abstract = {Digital microscopy plays a crucial role in pathology education, providing scalable and standardized access to learning resources. In response, we present PATe 2.0, a scalable redeveloped web-application of the former PATe system from 2015. PATe 2.0 was developed using an agile, iterative process and built on a microservices architecture to ensure modularity, scalability, and reliability. It integrates a modern web-based user interface optimized for desktop and tablet use and automates key workflows such as whole-slide image uploads and processing. Performance tests demonstrated that PATe 2.0 significantly reduces tile request times compared to PATe, despite handling larger tiles. The platform supports open formats like DICOM and OpenSlide, enhancing its interoperability and adaptability across institutions. PATe 2.0 represents a robust digital microscopy solution in pathology education enhancing usability, performance, and flexibility. Its design enables future integration of research algorithms and highlights it as a pivotal tool for advancing pathology education and research.}, language = {en} } @incollection{GreinerCurrleBahretal., author = {Greiner, Nina and Currle, Edda and Bahr, Gudrun and Weber, Karsten}, title = {Die Rekrutierung von Proband*innen im Projekt DeinHaus 4.0 Oberpfalz}, series = {Digitale Technik f{\"u}r ambulante Pflege und Therapie III - Nutzung, Akzeptanz, Wirkung und Lebensqualit{\"a}t}, booktitle = {Digitale Technik f{\"u}r ambulante Pflege und Therapie III - Nutzung, Akzeptanz, Wirkung und Lebensqualit{\"a}t}, editor = {Weber, Karsten and Haug, Sonja and Lauer, Norina and Mohr, Christa and Pfingsten, Andrea and Raptis, Georgios and Bahr, Gudrun}, publisher = {transcript}, address = {Bielefeld}, isbn = {978-3-8394-6728-2}, doi = {10.14361/9783839467282-004}, pages = {29 -- 61}, abstract = {Beschrieben wird der Rekrutierungsprozess im Projekt DeinHaus 4.0. Hierbei werden die spezifischen Herausforderungen bei der Akquise von Schlaganfallbetroffenen aufgezeigt und diskutiert.}, subject = {Rekrutierung}, language = {de} }