@article{LinsbauerSchwaegerlBergeretal., author = {Linsbauer, Lukas and Schw{\"a}gerl, Felix and Berger, Thorsten and Gr{\"u}nbacher, Paul}, title = {Concepts of variation control systems}, series = {Journal of Systems and Software}, volume = {171}, journal = {Journal of Systems and Software}, publisher = {Elsevier}, issn = {0164-1212}, doi = {10.1016/j.jss.2020.110796}, abstract = {Version control systems are an integral part of today's software engineering. They facilitate the collaborative management of revisions (sequential versions) and variants (concurrent versions) of software systems under development. Typical version control systems maintain revisions of files and variants of whole software systems. Variants are supported via branching or forking mechanisms that conceptually clone whole systems in a coarse-grained way. Unfortunately, such cloning leads to high maintenance efforts. To avoid these disadvantages and support fine-grained variation, developers need to employ custom configuration mechanisms, which leads to a misappropriation of tools and undesired context switches. Addressing this trade-off, a number of variation control systems has been conceived, providing a richer set of capabilities for handling variants. Variation control systems decompose a software system into finer-grained variable entities and offer high-level metaphors to automatically manage this variability. In this paper, we classify and compare variation control systems and illustrate their core concepts and characteristics. All investigated variation control systems offer an iterative (checkout-modify-commit) workflow, but there are essential differences affecting developers. We highlight challenges and discuss research perspectives for developing the next generation of version and variation control systems.}, language = {en} } @article{KynastSchwaegerlHoecker, author = {Kynast, Josef Paul and Schw{\"a}gerl, Felix and H{\"o}cker, Birte}, title = {ATLIGATOR: editing protein interactions with an atlas-based approach}, series = {Bioinformatics}, volume = {38}, journal = {Bioinformatics}, number = {23}, editor = {Martelli, Pier Luigi}, publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)}, issn = {1367-4803}, doi = {10.1093/bioinformatics/btac685}, pages = {5199 -- 5205}, abstract = {Abstract Motivation Recognition of specific molecules by proteins is a fundamental cellular mechanism and relevant for many applications. Being able to modify binding is a key interest and can be achieved by repurposing established interaction motifs. We were specifically interested in a methodology for the design of peptide binding modules. By leveraging interaction data from known protein structures, we plan to accelerate the design of novel protein or peptide binders. Results We developed ATLIGATOR—a computational method to support the analysis and design of a protein's interaction with a single side chain. Our program enables the building of interaction atlases based on structures from the PDB. From these atlases pocket definitions are extracted that can be searched for frequent interactions. These searches can reveal similarities in unrelated proteins as we show here for one example. Such frequent interactions can then be grafted onto a new protein scaffold as a starting point of the design process. The ATLIGATOR tool is made accessible through a python API as well as a CLI with python scripts. Availability and implementation Source code can be downloaded at github (https://www.github.com/Hoecker-Lab/atligator), installed from PyPI ('atligator') and is implemented in Python 3.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SchwaegerlWestfechtel, author = {Schw{\"a}gerl, Felix and Westfechtel, Bernhard}, title = {Maintaining workspace consistency in filtered editing of dynamically evolving model-driven software product lines}, series = {Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Model-Driven Engineering and Software Development MODELSWARD - Volume 1, 15-28, 2017, Porto, Portugal}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Model-Driven Engineering and Software Development MODELSWARD - Volume 1, 15-28, 2017, Porto, Portugal}, publisher = {SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications}, doi = {10.5220/0006071800150028}, pages = {15 -- 28}, abstract = {Model-driven software product line engineering is complicated: In addition to defining a variability model, developers must deal with a multi-variant domain model. To reduce complexity, filtered editing, inspired by version control, was recently transferred to software product line engineering. On check-out, a single-variant model is derived based on a configuration of its features. On commit, the representatively applied change is scoped with the features to which it is relevant. The here considered dynamic editing model involves different kinds of evolution: The variability model and the domain model are edited concurrently. Features, which define the workspace contents or the scope of the change, may be introduced or deleted. Furthermore, the scope of a change may be revised until commit. The dynamism of this filtered editing model raises consistency problems concerning the evolving relationships between the variability model, the specified configuration, and the scope of the chan ge. This paper formalizes these constraints and presents consistency-preserving algorithms for the workspace operations check-out, commit, as well as a new operation, migrate. This way, the evolution of model-driven software product lines is managed automatically, non-disruptively, and consistently.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SchwaegerlWestfechtel, author = {Schw{\"a}gerl, Felix and Westfechtel, Bernhard}, title = {Perspectives on combining model-driven engineering, software product line engineering, and version control}, series = {VaMoS '17: Proceedings of the 11th International Workshop on Variability Modelling of Software-Intensive Systems, February 1 - 3, 2017, Eindhoven, Netherlands}, booktitle = {VaMoS '17: Proceedings of the 11th International Workshop on Variability Modelling of Software-Intensive Systems, February 1 - 3, 2017, Eindhoven, Netherlands}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, isbn = {978-1-4503-4811-9}, doi = {10.1145/3023956.3023969}, pages = {76 -- 83}, abstract = {Model-driven software engineering (MDSE), software product line engineering (SPLE), and version control (VC) have been established as three software engineering sub-disciplines dealing with raising the level of abstraction of software development, organizing variability in a systematic way, and controlling the evolution of software artifacts, respectively. Traditionally, these sub-disciplines are supported by disjoint tools, leading to undesirable context switches. In this tool-centric survey, approaches for combining MDSE, SPLE, and VC in a pair-wise or even holistic fashion are categorized and assessed. The combination of MDSE and SPLE is natural since models are used to describe both the problem and the solution space. Moreover, specific VC support for models may improve collaborative MDSE in a similar way as dedicated SPL versioning supports evolution control. Last, both VC and SPLE deal with different types of variability - in time and in space, respectively -, such that an integration promises to close the gap between historical and logical (model) versioning. Results indicate that these promises are only satisfied partly by existing approaches. To attest this, we conclude with a list of usage scenarios for combined MDSE/SPLE/VC that cannot be adequately addressed by the current tools.}, language = {en} } @incollection{SchwaegerlWestfechtel, author = {Schw{\"a}gerl, Felix and Westfechtel, Bernhard}, title = {Managing Software Product Line Evolution by Filtered Editing: The SuperMod Approach}, series = {Handbook of Re-Engineering Software Intensive Systems into Software Product Lines}, booktitle = {Handbook of Re-Engineering Software Intensive Systems into Software Product Lines}, publisher = {Springer International Publishing}, isbn = {9783031116858}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-031-11686-5_17}, pages = {429 -- 451}, abstract = {This chapter introduces SuperMod, an approach and tool to support the evolution of software product lines (SPLs) by means of a filtered editing model, which is inspired by the checkout-modify-commit workflow established in version control systems. Rather than forcing the developers into editing multi-variant artifacts of an SPL, SuperMod allows them to perform modifications successively in single-variant workspaces and to integrate the changes by indicating the logical scope, i.e., the affected variants, of the change performed. The SPL itself is managed automatically in a transparent repository by the system. As a consequence, developers may re-use the same engineering tools they also used for the development of the product variants prior to the re-engineering process. SuperMod furthermore orchestrates collaborative development and provides dedicated support for (without restricting developers to) model-driven approaches to SPL engineering. We illustrate SuperMod's capabilities by the well-known graph SPL example and discuss the practical benefits of the suggested solution to SPL evolution as well as its relation to SPL re-engineering.}, language = {en} } @article{StadlerCornetFrenkler, author = {Stadler, Sebastian and Cornet, Henriette and Frenkler, Fritz}, title = {Assessing Heuristic Evaluation in Immersive Virtual Reality: A Case Study on Future Guidance Systems}, series = {Multimodal Technologies and Interaction}, volume = {7}, journal = {Multimodal Technologies and Interaction}, number = {2}, issn = {2414-4088}, doi = {10.3390/mti7020019}, pages = {19}, abstract = {A variety of evaluation methods for user interfaces (UI) exist such as usability testing, cognitive walkthrough, and heuristic evaluation. However, UIs such as guidance systems at transit hubs must be evaluated in their intended application field to allow the effective and valid identification of usability flaws. However, what if evaluations are not feasible in real environments, or laboratorial conditions cannot be ensured? Based on adapted heuristics, in the present study, the method of heuristic evaluation is combined with immersive Virtual Reality (VR) for the identification of usability flaws of dynamic guidance systems (DGS) at transit hubs. The study involved usability evaluations of nine DGS concepts using the newly proposed method. The results show that compared to computer-based heuristic evaluations, the use of immersive VR led to the identification of an increased amount of "severe" usability flaws as well as overall usability flaws. Within a qualitative assessment, immersive VR is validated as a suitable tool for conducting heuristic evaluations involving significant advantages such as the creation of realistic experiences in laboratorial conditions. Future work seeks to further prove the suitability of using immersive VR for heuristic evaluations and compare the proposed method to other evaluative methods.}, language = {en} } @article{CornetStadlerKongetal., author = {Cornet, Henriette and Stadler, Sebastian and Kong, Penny and Marinkovic, Goran and Frenkler, Fritz and Sathikh, Peer Mohideen}, title = {User-centred design of autonomous mobility for public transportation in Singapore}, series = {Transportation Research Procedia}, volume = {41}, journal = {Transportation Research Procedia}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {2352-1465}, doi = {10.1016/j.trpro.2019.09.038}, pages = {191 -- 203}, abstract = {The paper presents a set of methods for user-centred design of autonomous mobility for public transportation in the context of a multi-disciplinary research programme in Singapore, called TUMCREATE. While traffic engineers plan the operation of the new mobility system, the Industrial Designers of TUMCREATE take on the role of designing the autonomous vehicles (AVs) and infrastructure for greater comfort and a positive travel experience for users. Tasks have been identified to promote user acceptance and facilitate the operation of autonomously driven vehicles for public transport. To fulfil these tasks, conventional design methods have been enhanced with Virtual Reality (VR) technology and with simulations developed by the computer scientists of TUMCREATE. Since public transportation is a complex and broad area, it cannot be investigated with a single design method. First results showed that conventional methods that consider the Universal Design principles guarantee the accessibility, usability and understandability of AVs and stations. VR has been identified as a suitable tool for Industrial Designers to evaluate communication concepts between AVs and pedestrians. This confirms that digital tools (i.e. VR) enhance conventional design methods, especially with regard to technologies that are not available on the market yet (e.g. AVs)}, language = {en} } @article{KongStadlerForchhammeretal., author = {Kong, Penny and Stadler, Sebastian and Forchhammer, Niklas and Cornet, Henriette}, title = {Menschzentrierte Gestaltung f{\"u}r ein autonomes Mobilit{\"a}tssystem in Singapur}, series = {ATZextra}, volume = {25}, journal = {ATZextra}, number = {Suppl 1}, publisher = {Springer Fachmedien}, address = {Wiesbaden}, issn = {2509-4610}, doi = {10.1007/s35778-020-0112-5}, pages = {38 -- 43}, abstract = {Die Automatisierung macht auch vor den {\"o}ffentlichen Verkehrsmitteln nicht halt. Das Team Design for Autonomous Mobility von TUMCREATE stellt Ergebnisse aus der Designforschung vor, in der Virtual Reality und andere neue Methoden f{\"u}r das Design autonomer Verkehrsmittel untersucht werden. Das Team orientiert sich dabei stark am Menschen und versucht, allen Passagieren mehr Komfort und ein positives Reiseerlebnis zu bieten.}, language = {de} } @incollection{StadlerChardonnet, author = {Stadler, Sebastian and Chardonnet, Jean-R{\´e}my}, title = {Embracing virtual reality}, series = {SMART VR/AR/MR SYSTEMS FOR PROFESSIONALS}, booktitle = {SMART VR/AR/MR SYSTEMS FOR PROFESSIONALS}, editor = {Singh, Sunpreet and Subburaj, Karupppasamy and Ćuković, Saša and Sandhu, Kamalpreet and Meixner, Gerrit and Petruse, Radu Emanuil}, edition = {1. edition}, publisher = {CRC Press}, address = {BOCA RATON}, isbn = {978-1-032-30651-3}, doi = {10.1201/9781003306078-2}, pages = {3 -- 25}, abstract = {This chapter investigates the potential impacts of virtual reality (VR) technology on the design process, particularly in engineering and design fields. VR, defined as a computer-generated simulation, has already found applications in various professional domains such as engineering, training, marketing, and ergonomics. However, its potential influence on the design process remains to be explored. The aim of this investigation is to assess the impacts of VR on professionals, users, technology, and the design profession as a whole. The chapter proposes a set of general guidelines for incorporating VR in the design process and emphasizes the need for human-centered approaches to enhance the acceptability and acceptance of VR. While VR offers tangible advantages and benefits, it also presents limitations and challenges that must be addressed for it to be established as a strategic design tool. The chapter concludes by suggesting the development of a taxonomy for evaluating and utilizing VR and emphasizes the importance of considering human-centered approaches and integrating artificial intelligence tools to enhance design activities further. VR has the potential to foster divergent and convergent thinking, facilitate co-creative activities, improve prototyping and concept evaluation, and enhance immersive product presentations, thereby transforming the roles of designers and the design profession as a whole.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{Stadler, author = {Stadler, Sebastian}, title = {Potential Usages of Virtual Reality in Design Research and Practice - A Review}, series = {Business Meets Technology, 4th international conference, 7th to 9th July 2022, Ansbach}, booktitle = {Business Meets Technology, 4th international conference, 7th to 9th July 2022, Ansbach}, publisher = {Editorial Universitat Polit{\`e}cnica de Val{\`e}ncia}, address = {Val{\`e}ncia}, isbn = {9788413960289}, doi = {10.4995/BMT2022.2022.15961}, abstract = {Besides application fields such as entertainment and marketing, the technology of Virtual Reality is also applied in research and practice, including domains such as automotive, architecture, and construction. Furthermore, VR has been utilized for several activities in design practice and design research. However, the impact of this technology on design as a profession remains to be investigated. Thus, in the present study, an integrative literature review is presented to investigate the potential impact of Virtual Reality on design research and design practice. The findings indicate potential advantages on different levels. VR has the potential to enhance problem identification due to laboratorial environments and to foster co-creation due to enhanced motivation and the establishment of synergies between the involved stakeholders. Furthermore, it supports prototyping activities due to its capabilities for realistic scaling and perspectives. And lastly, VR has proven to be advantageous for design evaluations and reviews due to its visualization and immersion potential. Drawbacks of using VR for design research and practice involve technical limitations such as restricted field of view, limited performance, but also aspects such as missing accuracy for prototyping and the absence of haptic feedback. Future work will involve an extended review involving further literature and application domains.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{StadlerCornetFrenkler, author = {Stadler, Sebastian and Cornet, Henriette and Frenkler, Fritz}, title = {Collecting People's Preferences in Immersive Virtual Reality: A Case Study on Public Spaces in Singapore, Germany, and France}, series = {Synergy - DRS International Conference 2020, 11-14 August, held online}, booktitle = {Synergy - DRS International Conference 2020, 11-14 August, held online}, editor = {Boess, S. and Cheung, M and Cain, R.}, publisher = {Design Research Society}, doi = {10.21606/drs.2020.308}, pages = {1185 -- 1200}, abstract = {In the design of urban public spaces, the inclusion of diverse voices enhances the development of products and services by synchronising designer expertise with people's preferences. Multiple participatory methods exist, each with their respective benefits and drawbacks in terms of the quality of results, time and cost needed for preparing and conducting studies, and knowledge required for participation. Providing more concrete representations of abstract or intangible design concepts would be beneficial for laypeople unfamiliar with design or the case study. We propose a Virtual Reality (VR) platform to discover subjective preferences on public waiting rooms through immersive design experiences. The VR platform was tested with 463 participants with variety in age and cultural background. Following a qualitative data analysis, we discuss the suitability of our VR platform for fostering inclusive participation and how it impacts the role of the designer, as well as propose design guidelines for future VR studies.}, language = {en} } @incollection{StadlerFrenklerCornet, author = {Stadler, Sebastian and Frenkler, Fritz and Cornet, Henriette}, title = {Design Thinking und Virtual Reality zur F{\"o}rderung von Innovation innerhalb von Unternehmen}, series = {Intrapreneurship : Unternehmergeist Systeme und Gestaltungsm{\"o}glichkeiten}, booktitle = {Intrapreneurship : Unternehmergeist Systeme und Gestaltungsm{\"o}glichkeiten}, editor = {Kraus, Rafaela and Kreitenweis, Tanja and Jeraj, Brigita}, publisher = {Springer Gabler}, address = {Berlin}, isbn = {978-3-662-64101-9}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-662-64102-6_10}, pages = {147 -- 164}, abstract = {Neue Herangehensweisen im Innovationsprozess werden f{\"u}r Unternehmen immer wichtiger, um konkurrenzf{\"a}hig zu bleiben. So bezeichnet Intrapreneurship das Vorgehen, Angestellte innerhalb von Unternehmen selbst als Unternehmerinnen und Unternehmer agieren zu lassen, um so Innovation zu f{\"o}rdern. Der Begriff Design Thinking beschreibt ein Vorgehen, mit Hilfe dessen uneindeutig definierte Probleme behandelt und nutzerzentrierte Produkte entwickelt werden k{\"o}nnen. Die Pr{\"a}misse dieses Beitrags ist es, dass die Kombination von neuartigen Technologien und besonders Virtual Reality mit Design Thinking den Innovationsprozess innerhalb von Unternehmen f{\"o}rdern kann. Anhand zweier Fallbeispiele wird dargestellt, dass neben Nachteilen technischer Natur besonders die M{\"o}glichkeit fiktive Szenarien in VR darzustellen und valide Nutzerdaten in labor{\"a}hnlichen Verh{\"a}ltnissen zu sammeln, Innovation in Unternehmen anregen kann. In weiteren Schritten soll die Nutzung von Design Thinking und Virtual Reality in neuen Applikationsdom{\"a}nen sowie die Nutzung weiterer Designmethoden untersucht werden.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{StadlerBraunFrenkler, author = {Stadler, Sebastian and Braun, Carmen and Frenkler, Fritz}, title = {The Usage of Mixed Reality for Presentations: A Comparative Evaluation}, series = {XR and Metaverse : Proceedings of the 8th International XR-Metaverse Conference 2023, Las Vegas, USA}, booktitle = {XR and Metaverse : Proceedings of the 8th International XR-Metaverse Conference 2023, Las Vegas, USA}, editor = {Dieck, M. Claudia tom and Jung, Timothy and Kim, Yen-Soon}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, isbn = {978-3-031-50558-4}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-031-50559-1_6}, pages = {77 -- 86}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{LauxErdődiSelgrad, author = {Laux, Lea and Erdődi, L{\´a}szl{\´o} and Selgrad, Kai}, title = {Trust as the Elephant in the Room: Security Evaluation of Decentralized Online Social Networks with Mastodon}, series = {Norsk IKT-konferanse for forskning og utdanning}, booktitle = {Norsk IKT-konferanse for forskning og utdanning}, number = {3}, abstract = {Federated online social networks are an alternative to centralized and often profit-driven social networks. Instead of providing exactly one main platform, federated and decentralized approaches consist of multiple platforms, nodes or instances, leading to new challenges for guaranteeing confidentiality, integrity and availability. In addition, privacy is taken into close consideration due to the sensitive nature of processed personal data and the purpose of online social networks as well as the user behavior on social media. The recent popularity and broad use of the federated micro-blogging platform Mastodon issues the matter of security and privacy challenges for this type of architecture and the specific platform as well. Mastodon is part of a larger network called Fediverse with several platforms with different purposes. Communication and interoperability between Fediverse platforms is mostly achieved by ActivityPub protocol as standard for decentralized social networking, defined by W3C. We analyze Mastodon as the currently most prominent and largest example of a Fediverse platform. Therefore, we perform tests for typical types of software vulnerabilities as well as evaluate common security challenges built into its design. As a result, we identify trust as security principle as critical issue, leading to multiple weak points such as enabling attackers and malicious actors to spread misleading information as well as network availability impacts. We suggest possible solutions customized to our findings as well as general security recommendations when building a federated online social network such as the Fediverse}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{NunesVolbert, author = {Nunes, Danilo Weber and Volbert, Klaus}, title = {A Wireless Low-power System for Digital Identification of Examinees (Including Covid-19 Checks)}, series = {Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Sensor Networks (SENSORNETS), 07.02.2022 - 08.02.2022}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Sensor Networks (SENSORNETS), 07.02.2022 - 08.02.2022}, publisher = {SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications}, isbn = {978-989-758-551-7}, doi = {10.5220/0010912800003118}, pages = {51 -- 59}, abstract = {Indoor localization has been, for the past decade, a subject under intense development. There is, however, no currently available solution that covers all possible scenarios. Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) based methods, although the most widely researched, still suffer from problems due to environment noise. In this paper, we present a system using Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) beacons attached to the desks to localize students in exam rooms and, at the same time, automatically register them for the given exam. By using Kalman Filters (KFs) and discretizing the location task, the presented solution is capable of achieving 100\% accuracy within a distance of 45cm from the center of the desk. As the pandemic gets more controlled, with our lives slowly transitioning back to normal, there are still sanitary measures being applied. An example being the necessity to show a certification of vaccination or previous disease. Those certifications need to be manually checked for everyone entering the university's building, which requires time and staff. With that in mind, the automatic check for Covid certificates feature is also built into our system.}, language = {en} } @unpublished{ThelenSafiMauerer, author = {Thelen, Simon and Safi, Hila and Mauerer, Wolfgang}, title = {Approximating under the Influence of Quantum Noise and Compute Power}, series = {Proceedings of WIHPQC@IEEE QCE}, journal = {Proceedings of WIHPQC@IEEE QCE}, abstract = {The quantum approximate optimisation algorithm (QAOA) is at the core of many scenarios that aim to combine the power of quantum computers and classical high-performance computing appliances for combinatorial optimisation. Several obstacles challenge concrete benefits now and in the foreseeable future: Imperfections quickly degrade algorithmic performance below practical utility; overheads arising from alternating between classical and quantum primitives can counter any advantage; and the choice of parameters or algorithmic variant can substantially influence runtime and result quality. Selecting the optimal combination is a non-trivial issue, as it not only depends on user requirements, but also on details of the hardware and software stack. Appropriate automation can lift the burden of choosing optimal combinations for end-users: They should not be required to understand technicalities like differences between QAOA variants, required number of QAOA layers, or necessary measurement samples. Yet, they should receive best-possible satisfaction of their non-functional requirements, be it performance or other. We determine factors that affect solution quality and temporal behaviour of four QAOA variants using comprehensive density-matrix-based simulations targeting three widely studied optimisation problems. Our simulations consider ideal quantum computation, and a continuum of scenarios troubled by realistic imperfections. Our quantitative results, accompanied by a comprehensive reproduction package, show strong differences between QAOA variants that can be pinpointed to narrow and specific effects. We identify influential co-variables and relevant non-functional quality goals that, we argue, mark the relevant ingredients for designing appropriate software engineering abstraction mechanisms and automated tool-chains for devising quantum solutions from high-level problem specifications.}, language = {en} } @unpublished{PeriyasamyPlingeMutschleretal., author = {Periyasamy, Maniraman and Plinge, Axel and Mutschler, Christopher and Scherer, Daniel D. and Mauerer, Wolfgang}, title = {Guided-SPSA: Simultaneous Perturbation Stochastic Approximation assisted by the Parameter Shift Rule}, abstract = {The study of variational quantum algorithms (VQCs) has received significant attention from the quantum computing community in recent years. These hybrid algorithms, utilizing both classical and quantum components, are well-suited for noisy intermediate-scale quantum devices. Though estimating exact gradients using the parameter-shift rule to optimize the VQCs is realizable in NISQ devices, they do not scale well for larger problem sizes. The computational complexity, in terms of the number of circuit evaluations required for gradient estimation by the parameter-shift rule, scales linearly with the number of parameters in VQCs. On the other hand, techniques that approximate the gradients of the VQCs, such as the simultaneous perturbation stochastic approximation (SPSA), do not scale with the number of parameters but struggle with instability and often attain suboptimal solutions. In this work, we introduce a novel gradient estimation approach called Guided-SPSA, which meaningfully combines the parameter-shift rule and SPSA-based gradient approximation. The Guided-SPSA results in a 15\% to 25\% reduction in the number of circuit evaluations required during training for a similar or better optimality of the solution found compared to the parameter-shift rule. The Guided-SPSA outperforms standard SPSA in all scenarios and outperforms the parameter-shift rule in scenarios such as suboptimal initialization of the parameters. We demonstrate numerically the performance of Guided-SPSA on different paradigms of quantum machine learning, such as regression, classification, and reinforcement learning.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{HassmannWestner, author = {Hassmann, Tobias and Westner, Markus}, title = {Enhancing Expert Interviews: Insights from Information Systems and Digital Transformation Research}, series = {32nd International conference on information systems development (ISD 2024), August 26-28, 2024, Gdańsk, Poland}, booktitle = {32nd International conference on information systems development (ISD 2024), August 26-28, 2024, Gdańsk, Poland}, editor = {Marcinkowski, Bartosz and Przybyłek, Adam and Jarzębowicz, Aleksander and Iivari, Netta and Insfran, Emilio and Lang, Michael and Linger, Henry and Schneider, Christoph}, publisher = {AIS eLibrary}, isbn = {978-83-972632-0-8}, doi = {10.62036/ISD.2024.48}, abstract = {Expert interviews, a commonly employed qualitative data collection procedure in information systems (IS) research, lack consistent conceptualization. This paper aims to address this gap by providing a conceptual framework and comprehensive guidelines for a rigorous implementation of expert interviews, supported by real-world examples. After a systematic selection of method-relevant literature, a thematic analysis of twenty-eight articles, books, and book chapters is conducted to elicit the distinctive characteristics and rigorous conduct of expert interviews. Validation is provided by analyzing nineteen studies published in important IS outlets that use expert interviews. A particular focus is on a subset of five studies that cover digital transformation topics. The analysis reveals expert interviews' flexibility as data collection procedure and shows the wide range of application opportunities for IS researchers. Lastly, we discuss theoretical and practical implications of our findings to enhance the rigor, systematic use, and relevance of expert interviews in IS research.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{ZwingelKediliogluReitelshoeferetal., author = {Zwingel, Maximilian and Kedilioglu, Oguz and Reitelsh{\"o}fer, Sebastian and Mauerer, Wolfgang}, title = {Optimization Problems in Production and Planning: Approaches and Limitations in View of Possible Quantum Superiority}, series = {Annals of Scientific Society for Assembly, Handling and Industrial Robotics 2023}, booktitle = {Annals of Scientific Society for Assembly, Handling and Industrial Robotics 2023}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, isbn = {9783031740091}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{AboKhamisKaraOlteanuetal., author = {Abo Khamis, Mahmoud and Kara, Ahmet and Olteanu, Dan and Suciu, Dan}, title = {Insert-Only versus Insert-Delete in Dynamic Query Evaluation}, series = {Proceedings of the ACM on Management of Data}, volume = {2}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the ACM on Management of Data}, number = {5}, publisher = {ACM}, doi = {10.1145/3695837}, pages = {1 -- 26}, abstract = {We study the dynamic query evaluation problem: Given a full conjunctive query 𝑄 and a sequence of updates to the input database, we construct a data structure that supports constant-delay enumeration of the tuples in the query output after each update.We show that a sequence of 𝑁 insert-only updates to an initially empty database can be executed in total time O(𝑁 w(𝑄 ) ), where w(𝑄) is the fractional hypertree width of 𝑄. This matches the complexity of the static query evaluation problem for 𝑄 and a database of size 𝑁 . One corollary is that the amortized time per single-tuple insert is constant for 𝛼-acyclic full conjunctive queries. In contrast, we show that a sequence of 𝑁 inserts and deletes can be executed in total time eO(𝑁 w( b𝑄 ) ), where b𝑄 is obtained from 𝑄 by extending every relational atom with extra variables that represent the "lifespans" of tuples in the database. We show that this reduction is optimal in the sense that the static evaluation runtime of b𝑄 provides a lower bound on the total update time for the output of 𝑄. Our approach achieves amortized optimal update times for the hierarchical and Loomis-Whitney join queries.}, language = {en} } @article{HollerWestner, author = {Holler, Nathalie and Westner, Markus}, title = {Factors Influencing Cloud Computing Adoption in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises: A Systematic Review}, series = {Informatica}, volume = {49}, journal = {Informatica}, number = {1}, publisher = {Slovenian Association Informatika}, issn = {1854-3871}, doi = {10.31449/inf.v49i1.6971}, abstract = {This paper investigates the factors influencing cloud computing adoption in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) through a systematic literature review. The analysis identified twelve key factors influencing the adoption of cloud computing in SMEs. Based on the Technology-Organisation-Environment (TOE) model and the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), a conceptual framework was developed for future research. The most important factors are cost, organisational readiness, compatibility, relative advantage and top management support. Other influential factors include security, perceived usefulness, firm size, government support, perceived ease of use, vendor support and competitive pressure. The majority of studies were conducted in Asian countries, including developing countries, limiting the generalisability of the findings to SMEs in more developed economies. This research highlights the need for cloud computing solutions that not only reduce costs and ensure high levels of security and privacy, but are also easy to use and integrate. Further research is recommended to explore these factors within SMEs in more developed economies.}, language = {en} } @article{SchieringEichstaedtHeizmannetal., author = {Schiering, Nadine and Eichst{\"a}dt, Sascha and Heizmann, Michael and Koch, Wolfgang and Schneider, Linda-Sophie and Scheele, Stephan and Sommer, Klaus-Dieter}, title = {Modelling of measuring systems - From white box models to cognitive approaches}, series = {Measurement: Sensors}, journal = {Measurement: Sensors}, publisher = {Elsevier BV}, issn = {2665-9174}, doi = {10.1016/j.measen.2024.101503}, abstract = {Mathematical models of measuring systems and processes play an essential role in metrology and practical measurements. They form the basis for understanding and evaluating measurements, their results and their trustworthiness. Classic analytical parametric modelling is based on largely complete knowledge of measurement technology and the measurement process. But due to digital transformation towards the Internet of Things (IIoT) with an increasing number of intensively and flexibly networked measurement systems and consequently ever larger amounts of data to be processed, data-based modelling approaches have gained enormous importance. This has led to new approaches in measurement technology and industry like Digital Twins, Self-X Approaches, Soft Sensor Technology and Data and Information Fusion. In the future, data-based modelling will be increasingly dominated by intelligent, cognitive systems. Evaluating of the accuracy, trustworthiness and the functional uncertainty of the corresponding models is required. This paper provides a concise overview of modelling in metrology from classical white box models to intelligent, cognitive data-driven solutions identifying advantages and limitations. Additionally, the approaches to merge trustworthiness and metrological uncertainty will be discussed.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{AmlingScheeleSlanyetal., author = {Amling, Jonas and Scheele, Stephan and Slany, Emanuel and Lang, Moritz and Schmid, Ute}, title = {Explainable AI for Mixed Data Clustering}, series = {Explainable AI for Mixed Data Clustering:Second World Conference, xAI 2024, Valletta, Malta, July 17-19, 2024, Proceedings, Part II}, booktitle = {Explainable AI for Mixed Data Clustering:Second World Conference, xAI 2024, Valletta, Malta, July 17-19, 2024, Proceedings, Part II}, publisher = {Springer Nature Switzerland}, address = {Cham}, isbn = {9783031637964}, issn = {1865-0929}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-031-63797-1_3}, pages = {42 -- 62}, abstract = {Clustering, an unsupervised machine learning approach, aims to find groups of similar instances. Mixed data clustering is of particular interest since real-life data often consists of diverse data types. The unsupervised nature of clustering emphasizes the need to understand the criteria for defining and distinguishing clusters. Current explainable AI (XAI) methods for clustering focus on intrinsically explainable clustering techniques, surrogate model-based explanations utilizing established XAI frameworks, and explanations generated from inter-instance distances. However, there exists a research gap in developing post-hoc methods that directly explain clusterings without resorting to surrogate models or requiring prior knowledge about the clustering algorithm. Addressing this gap, our work introduces a model-agnostic, entropy-based Feature Importance Score for continuous and discrete data, offering direct and comprehensible explanations by highlighting key features, deriving rules, and identifying cluster prototypes. The comparison with existing XAI frameworks like SHAP and ClAMP shows that we achieve similar fidelity and simplicity, proving that mixed data clusterings can be effectively explained solely from the distributions of the features and assigned clusters, making complex clusterings comprehensible to humans.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{WissingScholzSalomanetal., author = {Wissing, Julio and Scholz, Teresa and Saloman, Stefan and Fargueta, Lidia and Junger, Stephan and Stefani, Alessio and Tschekalinskij, Wladimir and Scheele, Stephan and Schmid, Ute}, title = {SPECTRE: A Dataset for Spectral Reconstruction on Chip-Size Spectrometers with a Physics-Informed Augmentation Method}, series = {2024 IEEE SENSORS, 20-23 October 2024, Kobe, Japan}, booktitle = {2024 IEEE SENSORS, 20-23 October 2024, Kobe, Japan}, publisher = {IEEE}, doi = {10.1109/SENSORS60989.2024.10784898}, pages = {1 -- 4}, abstract = {Reconstructing usable spectra from an array of optical filters has been central to miniature spectrometers for many years. However, as optical sensors become more suitable for low-cost applications by exploiting sub-par filter characteristics, creating high-quality reconstructions has become increasingly challenging. There has been growing interest in data-driven reconstruction methods within the scientific community to address this issue. The main obstacle to progress in this area is the lack of publicly available and comprehensive datasets for spectral reconstruction. In our research, we propose a physics-informed data augmentation technique to significantly increase the size of datasets for spectral reconstruction and make our augmented dataset, containing 10117 samples, publicly available. Furthermore, we demonstrate the potential performance improvements achieved by training complex neural networks for spectral reconstruction using the augmented dataset. Our short benchmark indicates a performance increase of up to four times over the baseline.}, language = {en} } @article{BeckDovernVogl, author = {Beck, Nico and Dovern, Jonas and Vogl, Stefanie}, title = {Mind the naive forecast! a rigorous evaluation of forecasting models for time series with low predictability}, series = {Applied Intelligence}, volume = {55}, journal = {Applied Intelligence}, number = {6}, publisher = {Springer}, doi = {10.1007/s10489-025-06268-w}, pages = {27}, abstract = {In the field of time series forecasting, numerous machine learning studies have assessed the performance of new methods on highly volatile data from macroeconomics and finance. Unlike in other domains, where models are also compared to simpler statistical or naive baselines, they mostly compare the performance solely relative to other complex models. This approach may lead to limited conclusions and reduce the practical significance of the results, as it overlooks the unpredictability of some highly volatile time series in the datasets used. We apply state-of-the-art methods from time-series econometrics and machine learning, including autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA), exponential smoothing (ETS), Bayesian vector autoregressive model (BVAR), long-short term memory neural networks (LSTM), historical consistent neural networks (HCNN), deep vector autoregressive neural networks (DeepVAR), temporal fusion transformers (TFT), and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost). Our results demonstrate that no method consistently outperforms the naive (no-change) forecast for highly volatile time series from two popular datasets containing exchange rates and stock prices, rendering comparative analysis between complex models less meaningful. In contrast, when applied to more predictable macroeconomic price indices, many of the methods significantly outperform naive forecasts. We find that the performance of machine learning models deteriorates more than that of statistical models for high-volatility time series. This study highlights the critical importance of using appropriate benchmark models, including cost-effective, simple approaches, on datasets that permit meaningful conclusions.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SchenkeBaumann, author = {Schenke, Diana Marie and Baumann, Timo}, title = {Controlled Diversity: Length-optimized Natural Language Generation}, series = {Proceedings of the ISCA/ITG Workshop on Diversity in Large Speech and Language Models, February 20, 2025 in Berlin, Germany}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the ISCA/ITG Workshop on Diversity in Large Speech and Language Models, February 20, 2025 in Berlin, Germany}, editor = {M{\"o}ller, Sebastian and Knoeferle, Pia and Schulte, Britta and Feldhus, Nils}, doi = {10.48550/arXiv.2502.19347}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-80534}, pages = {8}, abstract = {LLMs are not generally able to adjust the length of their outputs based on strict length requirements, a capability that would improve their usefulness in applications that require adherence to diverse user and system requirements. We present an approach to train LLMs to acquire this capability by augmenting existing data and applying existing fine-tuning techniques, which we compare based on the trained models' adherence to the length requirement and overall response quality relative to the baseline model. Our results demonstrate that these techniques can be successfully applied to train LLMs to adhere to length requirements, with the trained models generating texts which better align to the length requirements. Our results indicate that our method may change the response quality when using training data that was not generated by the baseline model. This allows simultaneous alignment to another training objective in certain scenarios, but is undesirable otherwise. Training on a dataset containing the model's own responses eliminates this issue.}, language = {en} } @unpublished{AmanpourBaumannHofmann, author = {Amanpour, Ali and Baumann, Timo and Hofmann, Ulrich G.}, title = {Optimizing Neural Data Analysis: Determining Minimum Recording Length for Unambigous Signal Processing}, doi = {10.35096/othr/pub-8060}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-80606}, pages = {5}, abstract = {Advanced silicon electrode arrays facilitate the recording of thousands of neurons, generating extensive neural data that imposes a significant burden on researchers and processing algorithms. Thus, real-time analysis pipelines are gaining increasing value, while at the same time having to deal with non-stationary and noisy data. We intend to apply Machine Learning (ML) algorithms to a dense set of recordings from rat brains in order to prepare a functional atlas, correlating neuronal signals with anatomical position. While doing so, we needed to decide on a rational way which recording snippet length would best represent the original, longer source sequence and thus suffices to be further processed for anatomical correlation. We implemented an algorithm to evaluate the spectral information of systematically length varied records based on similarity to the original record. For our dataset a recording duration of 3 seconds satisfied moderate requirements across all channels, thus allowing us to reduce computational load for ongoing ML classification of microprobe sourced electrophysiologic signals.}, language = {en} } @incollection{BuchmannSchwaegerl, author = {Buchmann, Thomas and Schw{\"a}gerl, Felix}, title = {Advancing Negative Variability in Model-Driven Software Product Line Engineering}, series = {Communications in Computer and Information Science}, booktitle = {Communications in Computer and Information Science}, publisher = {Springer International Publishing}, address = {Cham}, isbn = {9783319563893}, issn = {1865-0929}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-56390-9_1}, pages = {1 -- 26}, abstract = {Model-driven software product line engineering aims at increasing the productivity of development of variational software. The principle of negative variability is realized by a multi-variant domain model, from which elements not needed for specific product variants are removed. The application of negative variability is impeded by two factors: First, metamodel restrictions lead to limited expressiveness of the multi-variant domain model. Second, unintended information loss may occur during product derivation. In this paper, we present two conceptual extensions to model-driven product line engineering based on negative variability, being alternative mappings and surrogates. Alternative mappings virtually extend the multi-variant domain model. Surrogates repair unintended information loss by context-sensitive analyses. Both extensions have been implemented in FAMILE, a model-driven product line tool that is based on EMF. Alternative mappings are defined in a dedicated mapping model. Surrogate rules may be defined in a declarative domain-specific language and are taken into account during product derivation. The added value of alternative mappings and surrogates is demonstrated by a running example, a UML-based graph library.}, language = {en} } @article{StrasserStrahringerWestner, author = {Strasser, Artur and Strahringer, Susanne and Westner, Markus}, title = {Determinants of success and failure of knowledge transfer in information systems offshoring}, series = {International Journal of Information Technology and Management}, volume = {22}, journal = {International Journal of Information Technology and Management}, number = {1/2}, publisher = {Inderscience}, issn = {1741-5179}, doi = {10.1504/IJITM.2023.10055151}, abstract = {The transfer of knowledge from client to service provider poses major challenges in information systems (IS) offshoring projects. Knowledge transfer directly affects IS offshoring success. Therefore, associated challenges must be overcome. Our study examines the determinants of success and failure of knowledge transfer in IS offshoring projects based on a ranking-type Delphi study. We questioned 32 experts from Germany, each with more than ten years of experience in near- or offshore initiatives to seek a consensus among them. We identified 19 success and 20 failure determinants. These determinants are ranked in order of importance using best-worst scaling. Aspects of closer cooperation are critical for effective knowledge transfer. This includes regular collaboration, willingness to help and support, and mutual trust. In contrast, critical determinants of failure are concerned with fears and fluctuation of human resources. Hidden ambiguities or knowledge gaps, an unwillingness and disability to share knowledge, and high fluctuation of human resources negatively impact knowledge transfer.}, language = {en} } @incollection{MoralesBaumannPerezetal., author = {Morales, Juan A. and Baumann, Timo and P{\´e}rez, Jos{\´e} L. and Peinado, Antonio M. and G{\´o}mez, {\´A}ngel M.}, title = {Implementaci{\`o}n de un reconocedor distribuido de voz en tiempo real sobre IP}, series = {Actas de las IV Jornadas en Tecnolog{\´i}as del Habla}, booktitle = {Actas de las IV Jornadas en Tecnolog{\´i}as del Habla}, abstract = {En este trabajo se presenta una implementaci{\´o}n de unsistema de reconocimiento distribuido del habla en tiem-po real para su aplicaci{\´o}n en un entorno de Internet. Desa-rrollado como una aplicaci{\´o}n cliente-servidor, el clien-te hace uso del front-end est{\´a}ndar definido por la ETSI.Incluye un detector de voz para s{\´o}lo enviar informaci{\´o}ncuando el locutor habla y la transmisi{\´o}n de la informaci{\´o}nse hace de acuerdo al RFC 3557. El servidor realiza el re-conocimiento utilizando programaci{\´o}n din{\´a}mica, incluyea su vez un detector de voz y utiliza la t{\´e}cnica de mitiga-ci{\´o}n de p{\´e}rdida de paquetes propuesta en el est{\´a}ndar de laETSI. La modularidad del dise{\~n}o permite la utilizaci{\´o}n decualquier otro reconocedor sin que por ello se vean afec-tados los clientes. Las pruebas reales de funcionamientopara la aplicaci{\´o}n particular desarrollada han demostradouna alta fiabilidad en varias condiciones de transmisi{\´o}n.}, language = {es} } @article{NigelGWardVegaBaumann, author = {Nigel G. Ward, and Vega, Alejandro and Baumann, Timo}, title = {Prosodic and Temporal Features for Language Modeling for Dialog}, series = {Speech Communication}, volume = {54}, journal = {Speech Communication}, number = {2}, publisher = {ELSEVIER}, doi = {10.1016/j.specom.2011.07.009}, pages = {161 -- 174}, abstract = {If we can model the cognitive and communicative processes underlying speech, we should be able to better predict what a speaker will do. With this idea as inspiration, we examine a number of prosodic and timing features as potential sources of information on what words the speaker is likely to say next. In spontaneous dialog we find that word probabilities do vary with such features. Using perplexity as the metric, the most informative of these included recent speaking rate, volume, and pitch, and time until end of utterance. Using simple combinations of such features to augment trigram language models gave up to a 8.4\% perplexity benefit on the Switchboard corpus, and up to a 1.0\% relative reduction in word error rate (0.3\% absolute) on the Verbmobil II corpus.}, language = {en} } @incollection{LohmannEichhornBaumann, author = {Lohmann, Kris and Eichhorn, Ole and Baumann, Timo}, title = {Generating Situated Assisting Utterances to Facilitate Tactile-Map Understanding: A Prototype System}, series = {Proceedings of the Third Workshop on Speech and Language Processing for Assistive Technologies (SLPAT), Montreal, Canada, June 7-8, 2012}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Third Workshop on Speech and Language Processing for Assistive Technologies (SLPAT), Montreal, Canada, June 7-8, 2012}, publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics}, pages = {56 -- 65}, abstract = {Tactile maps are important substitutes for visual maps for blind and visually impaired people and the efficiency of tactile-map reading can largely be improved by giving assisting utterances that make use of spatial language. In this paper, we elaborate earlier ideas for a system that generates such utterances and present a prototype implementation based on a semantic conceptualization of the movements that the map user performs. A worked example shows the plausibility of the solution and the output that the prototype generates given input derived from experimental data.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{TerbrackClausHerrmann, author = {Terbrack, Hajo and Claus, Thorsten and Herrmann, Frank}, title = {Emission reduction through production scheduling by priority rules and energy onsite generation}, series = {Proceedings of the 36th ECMS International Conference on Modelling and Simulation (ECMS 2022), May 30th - June 3rd, 2022, {\AA}lesund, Norway}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 36th ECMS International Conference on Modelling and Simulation (ECMS 2022), May 30th - June 3rd, 2022, {\AA}lesund, Norway}, publisher = {ECMS}, isbn = {978-3-937436-77-7}, issn = {2522-2414}, doi = {10.7148/2022-0114}, pages = {114 -- 120}, abstract = {This article describes primary findings of various simulation runs on job shop scheduling dealing with energy consumption and emission pollution. By two combinations of priority rules, production is linked to the generation output of a renewable energy source installed onsite. The resulting schedules show a reduction of energy-related emissions and makespan compared to several conventional priority rules often used in industrial practice.}, language = {en} } @article{KratzerWestnerStrahringer, author = {Kratzer, Simon and Westner, Markus and Strahringer, Susanne}, title = {Mehr als Vollzeit: Fractional CIOs in KMUs}, series = {HMD Praxis der Wirtschaftsinformatik}, journal = {HMD Praxis der Wirtschaftsinformatik}, publisher = {Springer}, issn = {2198-2775}, doi = {10.1365/s40702-023-01010-x}, pages = {23}, abstract = {Auch kleine und mittlere Unternehmen (KMUs) ben{\"o}tigen zunehmend ein effektives Informationstechnologie- (IT)-Management, um wettbewerbsf{\"a}hig zu bleiben. Im Vergleich zu großen Unternehmen verf{\"u}gen KMUs jedoch oft nicht {\"u}ber die Ressourcen, die Arbeitgeberattraktivit{\"a}t oder den Bedarf, um einen Chief Information Officer (CIO) in Vollzeit zu besch{\"a}ftigen. Um diese L{\"u}cke zu schließen, hat eine wachsende Zahl von Expertinnen und Experten weltweit damit begonnen, CIO-Dienste in Teilzeit anzubieten. Auf diese Weise erhalten KMUs Zugang zu erfahrenen und kompetenten IT-F{\"u}hrungskr{\"a}ften zu einem Bruchteil der Kosten und ohne langfristige Verpflichtungen. W{\"a}hrend diese so genannten „Fractional CIOs" in der Praxis bereits einen Mehrwert schaffen, gibt es noch kaum wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen zu diesem neuen Ph{\"a}nomen. In einem gr{\"o}ßeren Forschungsprojekt mit insgesamt 62 Fractional CIOs aus 10 L{\"a}ndern wurden daher eine Definition, Typen verschiedenartiger Engagements und Erfolgsfaktoren abgeleitet. Die vorliegende Studie fasst die Ergebnisse zusammen und setzt sie in Bezug zum deutschen Markt, indem sie drei Fractional CIOs/CTOs aus Deutschland befragt. Es zeigt sich, dass die folgenden vier Engagement-Typen von Fractional CIOs f{\"u}r KMUs in verschiedenen Situationen von Nutzen sind: Strategisches IT-Management, Restrukturierung, Skalierung und Hands-on Support. Dar{\"u}ber hinaus zeigt die Studie, dass Vertrauen, die Unterst{\"u}tzung durch das Top-Management-Team und die Integrit{\"a}t des Fractional CIOs Schl{\"u}sselfaktoren f{\"u}r den Erfolg von Fractional CIO-Engagements sind. F{\"u}r den deutschen Markt werden die Ergebnisse durch drei befragte Fractional CIOs/CTOs weitgehend best{\"a}tigt. Die Fractional CIOs/CTOs k{\"o}nnen zwar keine genauen Gr{\"u}nde f{\"u}r die geringe Akzeptanz der Rolle nennen, betonen aber ihr Wertpotenzial f{\"u}r den deutschen Markt.}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{HillebrandWestner, author = {Hillebrand, Patrick and Westner, Markus}, title = {Tenure and Background of CIOs in Germany - Influencing Factors and International Comparison}, series = {Proceedings of the of the 18th Conference on Computer Science and Intelligence Systems (FedCSIS 2023), Warsaw, Poland, 17-20 September, 2023}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the of the 18th Conference on Computer Science and Intelligence Systems (FedCSIS 2023), Warsaw, Poland, 17-20 September, 2023}, publisher = {Warsaw University of Technology}, doi = {10.15439/2023F5836}, pages = {557 -- 566}, abstract = {The average tenure of Chief Information Officers (CIOs) has increased over the past few years. Nevertheless, the average tenure of CIOs is shorter than that of Chief Executive Officers (CEOs). While most studies on tenure and background are based on data from US IT executives, studies on German CIOs are missing. This study analyzes the tenure of German CIOs as a proxy for management effectiveness and how certain factors influence it. An original and unique dataset of 384 IT executives from German companies is examined. The data include the size and industry sector of the companies, educational and professional backgrounds of the CIOs, and the CIOs' reporting lines. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test and Fisher's exact test. The German CIOs had a median tenure of 4.0 years. However, if we examine executives who are currently in office and executives with a completed term of office separately , the median tenure differs. The results also show that German CIOs do not have shorter tenures than German CEOs. When compared with US CIOs, the results depend on the values selected for comparison. In addition, the analysis shows that neither the size and industry sector of the companies nor the educational and professional backgrounds of the CIOs and managers of the CIO reports have a statistically significant influence on the tenure of IT executives. The factors examined in this study can be considered as preconditions for the CIO position. In the future, factors that play a role during tenure should be examined.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{TrespUdluftHeinetal., author = {Tresp, Volker and Udluft, Steffen and Hein, Daniel and Hauptmann, Werner and Leib, Martin and Mutschler, Christopher and Scherer, Daniel D. and Mauerer, Wolfgang}, title = {Workshop Summary: Quantum Machine Learning}, series = {2023 IEEE International Conference on Quantum Computing and Engineering, Bellevue, WA, United States, September 17-22, 2023}, booktitle = {2023 IEEE International Conference on Quantum Computing and Engineering, Bellevue, WA, United States, September 17-22, 2023}, publisher = {IEEE}, doi = {10.1109/QCE57702.2023.10174}, language = {en} } @article{VoglLauxBialasetal., author = {Vogl, Stefanie and Laux, Patrick and Bialas, Joachim and Reifenberger, Christian}, title = {Modelling Precipitation Intensities from X-Band Radar Measurements Using Artificial Neural Networks—A Feasibility Study for the Bavarian Oberland Region}, series = {water}, volume = {14}, journal = {water}, number = {3}, publisher = {MDPI}, doi = {10.3390/w14030276}, pages = {1 -- 17}, abstract = {Radar data may potentially provide valuable information for precipitation quantification, especially in regions with a sparse network of in situ observations or in regions with complex topography. Therefore, our aim is to conduct a feasibility study to quantify precipitation intensities based on radar measurements and additional meteorological variables. Beyond the well-established Z-R relationship for the quantification, this study employs Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) in different settings and analyses their performance. For this purpose, the radar data of a station in Upper Bavaria (Germany) is used and analysed for its performance in quantifying in situ observations. More specifically, the effects of time resolution, time offsets in the input data, and meteorological factors on the performance of the ANNs are investigated. It is found that ANNs that use actual reflectivity as only input are outperforming the standard Z-R relationship in reproducing ground precipitation. This is reflected by an increase in correlation between modelled and observed data from 0.67 (Z-R) to 0.78 (ANN) for hourly and 0.61 to 0.86, respectively, for 10 min time resolution. However, the focus of this study was to investigate if model accuracy benefits from additional input features. It is shown that an expansion of the input feature space by using time-lagged reflectivity with lags up to two and additional meteorological variables such as temperature, relative humidity, and sunshine duration significantly increases model performance. Thus, overall, it is shown that a systematic predictor screening and the correspondent extension of the input feature space substantially improves the performance of a simple Neural Network model. For instance, air temperature and relative humidity provide valuable additional input information. It is concluded that model performance is dependent on all three ingredients: time resolution, time lagged information, and additional meteorological input features. Taking all of these into account, the model performance can be optimized to a correlation of 0.9 and minimum model bias of 0.002 between observed and modelled precipitation data even with a simple ANN architecture.}, language = {en} } @article{PaulFigueroaCotorogeaMarinoVogl, author = {Paul Figueroa Cotorogea, B.S. and Marino, Giuseppe and Vogl, Stefanie}, title = {Data driven health monitoring of Peltier modules using machine-learning-methods}, series = {SLAS Technology}, volume = {27}, journal = {SLAS Technology}, number = {5}, publisher = {Elsevier}, issn = {2472-6303}, doi = {10.1016/j.slast.2022.07.002}, pages = {319 -- 326}, abstract = {Thermal cyclers are used to perform polymerase chain reaction runs (PCR runs) and Peltier modules are the key components in these instruments. The demand for thermal cyclers has strongly increased during the COVID-19 pandemic due to the fact that they are important tools used in the research, identification, and diagnosis of the virus. Even though Peltier modules are quite durable, their failure poses a serious threat to the integrity of the instrument, which can lead to plant shutdowns and sample loss. Therefore, it is highly desirable to be able to predict the state of health of Peltier modules and thus reduce downtime. In this paper methods from three sub-categories of supervised machine learning, namely classical methods, ensemble methods and convolutional neural networks, were compared with respect to their ability to detect the state of health of Peltier modules integrated in thermal cyclers. Device-specific data from on-deck thermal cyclers (ODTC®) supplied by INHECO Industrial Heating \& Cooling GmbH (Fig 1), Martinsried, Germany were used as a database for training the models. The purpose of this study was to investigate methods for data-driven condition monitoring with the aim of integrating predictive analytics into future product platforms. The results show that information about the state of health can be extracted from operational data - most importantly current readings - and that convolutional neural networks were the best at producing a generalized model for fault classification.}, language = {en} } @article{WinklerWestner, author = {Winkler, Fabian and Westner, Markus}, title = {A Systematic Literature Review of DevOps Success Factors and Adoption Models}, series = {SOICT '23: Proceedings of the 12th International Symposium on Information and Communication Technology. Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, 7-8 December 2023}, journal = {SOICT '23: Proceedings of the 12th International Symposium on Information and Communication Technology. Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, 7-8 December 2023}, publisher = {ACM}, isbn = {979-8-4007-0891-6}, doi = {10.1145/3628797.3628883}, pages = {525 -- 532}, abstract = {This paper investigates DevOps adoption, emphasizing its cultural dimensions in the context of the information systems domain. Utilizing a robust systematic literature review methodology, we discerned nine salient success factors and delineated three stage models instrumental for a smooth transition into DevOps-centric projects. Despite the increasing breadth of research in the DevOps area, the absence of a consolidated definition remains a challenge, underscoring the importance of a unified interpretative framework. This research notably extends the current body of knowledge by focusing on the cultural dynamics of DevOps adoption. As a result, it offers a refined lens through which both practitioners involved in the adoption process and academic researchers can comprehend the nuances and implications of cultural shifts in the evolving landscape of DevOps within information systems.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{GogeisslSafiMauerer, author = {Gogeißl, Martin and Safi, Hila and Mauerer, Wolfgang}, title = {Quantum Data Encoding Patterns and their Consequences}, series = {Q-Data '24: Proceedings of the 1st Workshop on Quantum Computing and Quantum-Inspired Technology for Data-Intensive Systems and Applications, June 9 - 15, 2024, Santiago AA Chile}, booktitle = {Q-Data '24: Proceedings of the 1st Workshop on Quantum Computing and Quantum-Inspired Technology for Data-Intensive Systems and Applications, June 9 - 15, 2024, Santiago AA Chile}, publisher = {ACM}, isbn = {979-8-4007-0553-3}, doi = {10.1145/3665225.3665446}, pages = {27 -- 37}, abstract = {The use of quantum processing units (QPUs) promises speed-ups for solving computational problems, in particular for discrete optimisation. While a few groundbreaking algorithmic approaches are known that can provably outperform classical computers, we observe a scarcity of programming abstractions for constructing efficient quantum algorithms. A good fraction of the literature that addresses solving concrete problems related to database management concentrates on casting them as quadratic unconstrained binary optimisation problems (QUBOs), which can then, among others, be processed on gate-based machines (using the quantum approximate optimisation algorithm), or quantum annealers. A critical aspect that affects efficiency and scalability of either of these approaches is how classical data are loaded into qubits, respectively how problems are encoded into QUBO representation. The effectiveness of encodings is known to be of crucial importance for quantum computers, especially since the amount of available qubits is strongly limited in the era of noisy, intermediate-size quantum computers. In this paper, we present three encoding patterns, discuss their impact on scalability, and their ease of use. We consider the recreational (yet computationally challenging) Sudoku problem and its reduction to graph colouring as an illustrative example to discuss their individual benefits and disadvantages. Our aim is enable database researchers to choose an appropriate encoding scheme for their purpose without having to acquire in-depth knowledge on quantum peculiarities, thus easing the path towards applying quantum acceleration on data management systems.}, language = {en} } @unpublished{JungKrumkeSchrothetal., author = {Jung, Matthias and Krumke, Sven O. and Schroth, Christof and Lobe, Elisabeth and Mauerer, Wolfgang}, title = {QCEDA: Using Quantum Computers for EDA}, abstract = {The field of Electronic Design Automation (EDA) is crucial for microelectronics, but the increasing complexity of Integrated Circuits (ICs) poses challenges for conventional EDA: Corresponding problems are often NP-hard and are therefore in general solved by heuristics, not guaranteeing optimal solutions. Quantum computers may offer better solutions due to their potential for optimization through entanglement, superposition, and interference. Most of the works in the area of EDA and quantum computers focus on how to use EDA for building quantum circuits. However, almost no research focuses on exploiting quantum computers for solving EDA problems. Therefore, this paper investigates the feasibility and potential of quantum computing for a typical EDA optimization problem broken down to the Min-k-Union problem. The problem is mathematically transformed into a Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) problem, which was successfully solved on an IBM quantum computer and a D-Wave quantum annealer.}, language = {en} } @incollection{Mauerer, author = {Mauerer, Wolfgang}, title = {Superoperators for Quantum Software Engineering}, series = {Quantum Software: Aspects of Theory and System Design}, booktitle = {Quantum Software: Aspects of Theory and System Design}, editor = {Exman, Iaakov and Perez-Castillo, Ricardo and Piattini, Mario and Felderer, Michael}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, issn = {978-3-031-64136-7}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-031-64136-7_3}, abstract = {As implementations of quantum computers grow in size and maturity, the question of how to program this new class of machines is attracting increasing attention in the software engineering domain. Yet, many questions from how to design expressible quantum languages augmented with formal semantics via implementing appropriate optimizing compilers to abstracting details of machine properties in software systems remain challenging. Performing research at this intersection of quantum computing and software engineering requires sufficient knowledge of the physical processes underlying quantum computations, and how to model these. In this chapter, we review a superoperator-based approach to quantum dynamics, as it can provide means that are sufficiently abstract, yet concrete enough to be useful in quantum software and systems engineering, and outline how it is used in several important applications in the field.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{MuellerDannerBreidbachetal., author = {M{\"u}ller, Stefan and Danner, Christian and Breidbach, J{\"o}rg and Seidl, Markus and Hußlein, Thomas and Lauf, Wolfgang}, title = {Stochastic Modeling of Throughput Times of Supplier Parts for an Automotive Plant}, series = {Angewandte Forschung in der Wirtschaftsinformatik - Prozesse, Technologie, Anwendungen, Systeme und Management 2014: Tagungsband zur 27. AKWI-Jahrestagung vom 07. bis zum 10.09.2014 an der Oberbayerischen Technischen Hochschule Regensburg}, booktitle = {Angewandte Forschung in der Wirtschaftsinformatik - Prozesse, Technologie, Anwendungen, Systeme und Management 2014: Tagungsband zur 27. AKWI-Jahrestagung vom 07. bis zum 10.09.2014 an der Oberbayerischen Technischen Hochschule Regensburg}, publisher = {News \& Media}, isbn = {978-3-936527-38-4}, doi = {10.15771/978-3-936527-38-4}, pages = {35 -- 43 S}, abstract = {For modern production industries optimized supply of parts is a critical success factor. Especially in the automotive industry, the reliable supply of painted bodies for the fi nal assembly is essential for OEMs considering just in time or just in sequence processes. Additionally one central cost target is the avoidance of resorting for JIT/JIS processes. An essential workfl ow analysis is therefore the basis for making strategic or operational decisions such as the adjustment of the plant structure or increasing the number of products and variants manufactured simultaneously. In order to support strategic planning using simulation and planning systems, the modeling of the production process is required. This is particularly important for scheduling as no real manufacturing data is available and therefore prognosis based on the model are essential. Due to the short time and the limited human resources for a detailed modeling, it is essential to create a robust model with good accuracy and reduced complexity}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{FalterBrunkhWessetal., author = {Falter, Sandro and Brunkh, Gerald and Wess, Max and Fischer, Sebastian}, title = {Automated Vulnerability Scanner for the Cyber Resilience Act}, series = {CLOUD COMPUTING 2024 : The Fifteenth International Conference on Cloud Computing, GRIDs, and Virtualization, 15, 2024, Venice}, booktitle = {CLOUD COMPUTING 2024 : The Fifteenth International Conference on Cloud Computing, GRIDs, and Virtualization, 15, 2024, Venice}, publisher = {IARIA}, isbn = {978-1-68558-156-5}, pages = {13 -- 18}, abstract = {This paper explores the mitigation of the compliance burdens faced by manufacturers of digital products under the Cyber Resilience Act. After providing a concise overview of the Cyber Resilience Act and pinpointing pivotal areas where tool-based interventions could reduce the regulatory strain on manufacturers, we introduce two prototypes: a digital checklist for product classification and a prototype to streamline the analysis and monitoring of the security state of software along the software development life cycle. As the second prototype is based on Static Application Software Testing and Software Component Analysis, we validate the approach through benchmark tests. While Static Application Software Testing tools show promise in identifying vulnerabilities, additional tests are needed for full compliance with the Cyber Resilience Act. In general, the prototypes serve as an entry point for identifying possible automation potential to alleviate the compliance burdens of manufacturers.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{BuchmannPeinlSchwaegerl, author = {Buchmann, Thomas and Peinl, Ren{\´e} and Schw{\"a}gerl, Felix}, title = {White-box LLM-supported Low-code Engineering: A Vision and First Insights}, series = {Proceedings of the ACM/IEEE 27th International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the ACM/IEEE 27th International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, doi = {10.1145/3652620.368780}, pages = {556 -- 560}, abstract = {Low-code development (LCD) platforms promise to empower citizen developers to define core domain models and rules for business applications. However, as domain rules grow complex, LCD platforms may fail to do so effectively. Generative AI, driven by large language models (LLMs), offers source code generation from natural language but suffers from its non-deterministic black-box nature and limited explainability. Therefore, rather than having LLMs generate entire applications from single prompts, we advocate for a white-box approach allowing citizen developers to specify domain models semi-formally, attaching constraints and operations as natural language annotations. These annotations are fed incrementally into an LLM contextualized with the generated application stub. This results in deterministic and better explainable generation of static application components, while offering citizen developers an appropriate level of abstraction. We report on a case study in manufacturing execution systems, where the implementation of the approach provides first insights.}, language = {en} } @unpublished{PagelVoglIsrael, author = {Pagel, Johannes and Vogl, Stefanie and Israel, Laura}, title = {Analyzing the Impact of Redaction on Document Classification Performance of Deep CNN Models}, publisher = {OSFPreprints}, doi = {10.31219/osf.io/sntb3}, abstract = {Many companies are facing growing data archives leading to an increasing focus on the automated classification of documents in corporate processes. Due to data protection guidelines, development with clear data is often difficult. One way to overcome this difficulty is to desensitize documents using document redaction. The following study, therefore, examines the impact of redaction on the document classification performance of a deep CNN model by analyzing how the classifica- tion performance deteriorates when the model is trained on unredacted documents and evaluated on redacted data (unredacted model) or trained on redacted data and applied to unredacted documents (redacted model). For the former condition, a loss in accuracy of 2.56\%P was found and a loss of 2.08\%P for the latter. We were also able to show that the loss in performance differed greatly between document classes and was influenced by their proportion of redacted area (unredacted model: r=0.31; redacted model: r=0.87). For the model trained with redacted and evaluated on unredacted data, we also determined that the decrease in classification accu- racy was affected by the intra-class variability of the redacted area (r=0.74). From these results, recommendations for dealing with redacted data in document classification systems are derived.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{Heinz, author = {Heinz, Florian}, title = {Robust Interpolation of Arbitrary-Dimensional Moving Regions in Databases}, series = {Proceedings of the 3rd ACM SIGSPATIAL International Workshop on Searching and Mining Large Collections of Geospatial Data, October 29th, 2024, Atlanta, USA}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 3rd ACM SIGSPATIAL International Workshop on Searching and Mining Large Collections of Geospatial Data, October 29th, 2024, Atlanta, USA}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, doi = {10.1145/3681769.3698579}, pages = {13 -- 21}, abstract = {Moving Objects Databases are designed to store, process and efficiently search for database objects with attributes that can change over time. Examples are moving points, that change position over time, or, as a more complex data type, moving regions that can also change shape. For moving regions to be practically usable, methods for creating those objects have to be provided. The prevailing method for 2-dimensional moving regions is to create an interpolation of two static regions. Since this is a non-trivial task, this is referred to as the "Region Interpolation Problem", which still can not be considered as solved, since several unsolved questions remain. This work strives to give an overview on the Region Interpolation Problem, discuss an extension to 3d and higher dimensions and to present and discuss solutions to address some of the remaining obstacles.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{Heinz, author = {Heinz, Florian}, title = {Creating Moving Regions from Satellite Scan Data}, series = {SIGSPATIAL '24: Proceedings of the 32nd ACM International Conference on Advances in Geographic Information Systems, October 29 - November 1, 2024, Atlanta, GA, USA}, booktitle = {SIGSPATIAL '24: Proceedings of the 32nd ACM International Conference on Advances in Geographic Information Systems, October 29 - November 1, 2024, Atlanta, GA, USA}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, isbn = {979-8-4007-1107-7}, doi = {10.1145/3678717.3691214}, pages = {641 -- 644}, abstract = {Moving objects databases are specialized on storing and processing objects with spatial attributes that change over time. An important class of objects are moving regions that can change shape and position over time. Currently, the prevailing method for constructing moving regions is to interpolate them from snapshots. In this paper, an alternative method is proposed, that is better suitable for certain kinds of data as, for example, satellite scans of the earth surface. For instance, the NASA provides datasets with active fire data in near real-time from the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) sensor, attached to satellites as the Suomi NPP and NOAA-20. These satellites orbit earth about 14 times a day and provide full global coverage twice a day. Using these satellites, datasets are compiled that provide locations of active fires on earth as lists of positions and timestamps. This paper describes an alternative, better suitable method for creating moving regions from these lists, which can then be imported into and processed by moving objects databases.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SchlagerSchildgen, author = {Schlager, Reinhold and Schildgen, Johannes}, title = {A Query-Rewriting-based Implementation for Temporal Data Management}, series = {LWDA'24: Lernen, Wissen, Daten, Analysen. September 23-25, 2024, W{\"u}rzburg, Germany}, booktitle = {LWDA'24: Lernen, Wissen, Daten, Analysen. September 23-25, 2024, W{\"u}rzburg, Germany}, pages = {14 Seiten}, abstract = {Temporal data management is used to query historical data, identify trends and changes, and make forecasts for the future. This paper provides a query-rewriting approach to implement temporal data management in the data-warehouse system Exasol by using so-called preprocessor scripts. Preprocessor scripts allow for executing custom Lua code and modifying SQL commands. Our approach does not need to undertake additional manual effort by the user. History tables and associated views are created in the background. Data records are automatically archived if they are updated or deleted, and the SELECT command is extended with the AS OF SYSTEM TIME clause as proposed by the SQL Standard.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{HassmannWestner, author = {Hassmann, Tobias and Westner, Markus}, title = {IS executives and sustainability}, series = {26th International Conference on Business Informatics (CBI), 09-13 September 2024, Vienna, Austria}, booktitle = {26th International Conference on Business Informatics (CBI), 09-13 September 2024, Vienna, Austria}, publisher = {IEEE}, isbn = {979-8-3315-2909-3}, issn = {2378-1971}, doi = {10.1109/CBI62504.2024.00017}, pages = {1-10}, abstract = {The pressing global sustainability challenges, encapsulated in the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), require profound transformations across multiple levels. It is imperative for the Information Systems (IS) discipline to engage in addressing these challenges. This paper aims to contribute to this imperative through a scoping literature review, examining factors that enable IS executives to drive sustainability outcomes within organizations, utilizing the Input-Mediator-Outcome (IMO) framework. By analyzing 31 articles from important IS journals and conferences between 2008 and 2024, this review identifies key input factors for sustainability outcomes, such as individual IS executive inputs, the role of the Top Management Team (TMT) setting and organizational contexts, as well as external influences. In addition, it explores how team-specific processes can augment sustainability efforts. The paper concludes by proposing future research questions to address underrepresented SDGs, investigate external impact factors more thoroughly, and emphasize the role of individual IS executive inputs. These insights aspire to advance the understanding of IS executives' potential to influence sustainability in organizational settings.}, language = {en} } @article{HerrmannRiedlJanoschek, author = {Herrmann, Frank and Riedl, Nadine and Janoschek, Stefan}, title = {Konzeptionierung und Implementierung einer standardisierten RPA-Schnittstelle f{\"u}r eine Analytics-On-Demand-Self-Service-L{\"o}sung zur Bereitstellung von einkaufsbezogenen Daten in der Krones AG}, series = {Anwendungen und Konzepte der Wirtschaftsinformatik}, journal = {Anwendungen und Konzepte der Wirtschaftsinformatik}, number = {19}, publisher = {AKWI}, issn = {2296-4592}, doi = {10.26034/lu.akwi.2024.5510}, pages = {51 -- 63}, abstract = {Hohe Bearbeitungs- und Antwortzeiten von Tickets, die diverse Aufgaben aus dem Bereich Analytics inkludieren, f{\"u}hrten Corporate Procurement (CP) Processes and Systems zur Konzeptionierung und Implementierung einer standardisierten RPA-Schnittstelle, um einen Analytics-On-Demand-Self-Service zur Bereitstellung von einkaufsbezogenen Daten zu realisieren. Daf{\"u}r wurde zun{\"a}chst ein Anforderungskatalog erarbeitet, der als Basis f{\"u}r die Konzeptionierung und Implementierung aller zur Pr{\"u}fung der Funktionsf{\"a}higkeit der RPA-Schnittstelle erforderlichen Komponenten diente. Als Proof-of-Concept fungieren die Analytics-Use-Cases der Orderbuchabfrage und Abfrage von Einkaufsinfos{\"a}tzen mit Konditionen. Die durchgef{\"u}hrte Evaluation bescheinigt aus technischer und prozessualer Sicht den Erfolg des Projekts, wobei im Vordergrund die zuk{\"u}nftig nach Einf{\"u}hrung des Analytics-On-Demand-Self Service gewonnen zeitlichen Kapazit{\"a}ten und verringerten Wartezeiten bei den Mitarbeitenden des Einkaufs der Krones AG stehen.}, language = {de} } @article{EnglHerrmann, author = {Engl, Fabian and Herrmann, Frank}, title = {A Machine Learning based Approach on Employee Attrition Prediction with an Emphasize on predicting Leaving Reasons}, series = {Anwendungen und Konzepte der Wirtschaftsinformatik}, journal = {Anwendungen und Konzepte der Wirtschaftsinformatik}, number = {18}, publisher = {AKWI}, issn = {2296-4592}, doi = {10.26034/lu.akwi.2023.4488}, pages = {30 -- 40}, abstract = {Using Vitesco Technologies as an example, this article examines whether machine learning models are suitable for detecting employee attrition at an early stage, with the aim of uncovering underlying reasons for leaving. Nine different machine learning algorithms were examined: K-nearest-neighbors, Naive Bayes, logistic regression, a support vector machine, a neural network, a random forest, adaptive boosting, and two gradient boosting models. A three-way-holdout validation method was implemented to assess the quality of the results and measure both the f-score and the degree of model generalization. Initially, it was found that tree-based methods are best suited for classifying employees. A multiclass classification approach showed that under certain conditions it is even possible to predict the underlying leaving reasons.}, language = {en} } @article{HerrmannKerschbaum, author = {Herrmann, Frank and Kerschbaum, Andreas}, title = {Auswahl und Anwendung einer geeigneten Software zur standardisierten und automatisierten Berichterstellung im Service am Beispiel der Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH}, series = {Anwendungen und Konzepte der Wirtschaftsinformatik}, journal = {Anwendungen und Konzepte der Wirtschaftsinformatik}, number = {19}, publisher = {AKWI}, issn = {2296-4592}, doi = {10.26034/lu.akwi.2024.5946}, pages = {39 -- 50}, abstract = {Die Berichterstattung ist ein wichtiger Bestandteil der Aufgaben der MR. Aktuell fehlen zur Erledigung dieser Aufgabe festgelegte Standards, sowie ein Programm, das sich umfangreich f{\"u}r diese Aufgabenstellung eignet. Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Arbeit wird die Prozessstrecke des Prozesses zur Erstellung eines {\"O}lberichts aufgenommen und auf Schwachstellen untersucht. Anschließend erfolgt die Verbesserung der Schwachstellen durch die Einf{\"u}hrung einer neuen Software. Dise wird in einem phasenbasierten Prozess,in Anlehnung an das Phasenmodell zur Softwareauswahl nach Gronau, unter Einbezug festgelegter Kriterien sorgf{\"a}ltig ausgew{\"a}hlt. Das Ergebnis dieser Arbeit ist die Verbesserung des betrachteten Prozesses, sowie die Einf{\"u}hrung der Software DevExpress und die Erstellung eines ersten Entwurfsberichts welcher als Vorlage f{\"u}r die zuk{\"u}nftigen Berichte dient.}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{DilefeldClausTeich, author = {Dilefeld, Maximilian and Claus, Thorsten and Teich, Enrico}, title = {Robot Task Assignment In Dynamic Factory Environments}, series = {Proceedings of the 38th ECMS International Conference on Modeling and Simulation (ECMS 2024): June 4th - June 7th, 2024, Cracow, Poland}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 38th ECMS International Conference on Modeling and Simulation (ECMS 2024): June 4th - June 7th, 2024, Cracow, Poland}, publisher = {ECMS}, isbn = {978-3-937436-84-5}, issn = {2522-2422}, doi = {10.7148/2024-0338}, pages = {338 -- 344}, abstract = {Automated Guided Vehicles (AGVs) and Autonomous Mobile Robots (AMRs) are being applied more and more frequently in a wide range of use cases. Following the general trend of decentralisation of control structure in the Industry 4.0 paradigm, this paper analyses the application of auction algorithms to solve the robot task assignment problem. We focus on the use of mobile robots in production environments with a high level of uncertainty which places hight demand on the flexibility of the online scheduling architecture. A sequential single-item (SSI) auction algorithm is validated for a real-world use case where multiple mobile robots supply car bodies to manual rework stations in a paint shop application using simulation. The optimization objective of such an algorithm is discussed in regards to the examined use case.}, language = {en} }