@article{MalzKrenkelSteffens, author = {Malz, Sebastian and Krenkel, Walter and Steffens, Oliver}, title = {Infrared Reflective Wall Paint in Buildings: Energy Saving Potentials and Thermal Comfort}, series = {Energy and Buildings}, volume = {224}, journal = {Energy and Buildings}, number = {October}, publisher = {Elsevier}, issn = {0378-7788}, doi = {10.1016/j.enbuild.2020.110212}, abstract = {The reduction of the energy demand of existing buildings is the main objective of building refurbishment. Managing the heat radiation properties of the wall construction is a possible way to develop highly effective and resource efficient insulation materials and concepts. The application of infrared reflective wall paints and coatings has been studied since the latter half of the 20th century. A brief review of the literature gives an account of the current research status. One has to realise that the conclusions are not uniformly consistent but depend strongly on the specific boundary conditions and investigated parameters. The study presented here discusses the usage of infrared reflective wall paint in conjunction with heat insulation for historic brick masonry. The possible energy savings are linked to the resulting thermal comfort. We identify critical parameters that must be taken into account when using infrared reflective wall paint and derive recommended design rules for the refurbishment of such building types. The findings prove that infrared reflective wall paint can decrease heat losses by 18\% and up to 22\% if comfort conditions are considered. Increasing energy savings can also cause the negative effect of high radiative asymmetry. Thus, each configuration must be observed in detail.}, language = {en} } @unpublished{Steffens, author = {Steffens, Oliver}, title = {The Media Revolution in the 19th Century: How Sound Recording, Motion Pictures and Writing Machines affected human perception, thinking, and our society until today}, address = {Regensburg}, doi = {10.13140/RG.2.2.29059.53283}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-58376}, pages = {17}, abstract = {Which influence had the sudden appearance of sound recording, film, and typewriters at the end of the 19th century on the human perception of and our thinking about what we consider "reality"? How did our society change with these technological innovations? After millennia of speech and the culture of writing, a fundamental disruption occurred when Thomas Alva Edison introduced his "phonograph" in 1877. In his book "Grammophon, Film, Typewriter" (Brinkmann \& Bose, Berlin 1986), Friedrich Kittler (1943-2011) discusses this question from his perspective as literary scholar and media theorist, reviewing contemporary authors to let them bear witness to their experiences and impressions of the then-new media. This essay intends to be a short extract of Kittler's book, meandering between additional sources of historians, writers, commentators, yet always coming back to Kittler's fascinating panopticon.}, language = {en} } @unpublished{Steffens, author = {Steffens, Oliver}, title = {Leibniz, Llull and the Logic of Truth: Precursors of Artificial Intelligence}, address = {Regensburg}, doi = {10.13140/RG.2.2.28425.06243}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-58399}, pages = {10}, abstract = {Mankind has always been confronted with limited knowledge about Nature and many people devoted their lives and intellects to the very question: How to gain knowledge, confirm ideas and theories, and understand the world we live in? Religion was one fundamental base for explanations and existential questions. Philosophy and Science were the other. Nowadays, science and technology dominate our daily lives, religion and metaphysics have lost their former dominance, while our thoughts and factual knowledge are increasingly governed by the digitised versions of conversation and discussion, filtered and guided by the algorithms of social networks. Today, "artificial intelligence" is a phenomenon in information technology which takes over everyday routines. A new ideal, a new promise, and at the same time used as a stratagem by political and economic systems to guide and manipulate our thinking, values, and behaviour. But nothing is so new that one could not find its precursors in earlier times. Science and mathematics has kindled many brilliant ideas. Can we describe the world by numbers, find truth and explanation in mathematical structures? This essay is devoted to early ideas by the medieval philosopher Ram{\´o}n Llull, the great rationalist G.W. Leibniz, and early approaches to combinations, number theory. and information processing. Llull's thinking machine and subsequent endeavours to find methods of mechanical reasoning and inference paved the way to modern-day concepts of artificial intelligence.}, language = {en} } @incollection{LangSteinbornSteffensetal., author = {Lang, Christian and Steinborn, Florian and Steffens, Oliver and Lang, Elmar Wolfgang}, title = {Applying a 1D-CNN Network to Electricity Load Forecasting}, series = {Theory and Applications of Time Series Analysis}, booktitle = {Theory and Applications of Time Series Analysis}, editor = {Valenzuela, O. and Rojas, F. and Herrera, L.J. and Pomares, H. and Rojas, I.}, publisher = {Springer}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-56219-9_14}, pages = {205 -- 218}, abstract = {This paper presents a convolutional neural network (CNN) which can be used for forecasting electricity load profiles 36 hours into the future. In contrast to well established CNN architectures, the input data is one-dimensional. A parameter scanning of network parameters is conducted in order to gain information about the influence of the kernel size, number of filters and number of nodes. Furthermore, different dropout methods are applied to the CNN and are evaluated. The results show that a good forecast quality can already be achieved with basic CNN architectures, the dropout improves the forecast. The method works not only for smooth sum loads of many hundred consumers, but also for the load of single apartment buildings.}, language = {en} }