@inproceedings{SykoraHolickyRozsasetal., author = {S{\´y}kora, Miroslav and Holick{\´y}, Milan and R{\´o}zs{\´a}s, {\´A}rp{\´a}d and Barnardo-Viljoen, Celeste and Retief, Johan Verster and Diamantidis, Dimitris}, title = {Risk Based Design of Infrastructures under Extreme Actions due to Environmental Change}, series = {Life-cycle of engineering systems: emphasis on sustainable civil infrastructure, Symposium of the International Association for Life-Cycle Civil Engineering (IALCCE), 2016, Delft}, booktitle = {Life-cycle of engineering systems: emphasis on sustainable civil infrastructure, Symposium of the International Association for Life-Cycle Civil Engineering (IALCCE), 2016, Delft}, publisher = {Taylor \& Francis}, abstract = {Environmental and climate change is a global issue that will and has already impacted the frequency and intensity of natural hazards in many regions throughout the world. Consequently, the actions on structures will be changing and present design practices will need to be adapted to provide for reliable structures with service lifetimes spanning over decades and centuries. A submitted review of present environmental and climate change information is focused on the distinct, but complementary climatic conditions of Central Europe and South Africa. An outline of the basis of structural design accounting for extreme wind and snow loads is presented and recommendations for future risk-based design procedures are discussed. Issues to consider include: a) use of extreme value models; b) implementation of changes in distribution parameters to obtain extremes with long return periods; c) consideration of the rate of the change. The example of a representative structure illustrates the effects of climatic actions on structural reliability. It appears that uncertainties related to the lack of observations hinder drawing strong conclusions concerning appropriate modifications of design procedures due to environmental and climate change. Uncertainties in the prediction of environmental and climate change have a direct bearing on optimal levels of reliability and the subsequent derivation of design values.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SykoraDiamantidisHolickyetal., author = {S{\´y}kora, Miroslav and Diamantidis, Dimitris and Holick{\´y}, Milan and Markova, Jana and Charters Morais, Eduardo}, title = {Compressive Strength of Historic Masonry based on Destructive and Non-Destructive Test Results}, series = {Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Protection of Historical Constructions (PROHITECH'17), July 12-15, 2017, Lisbon, Portugal}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Protection of Historical Constructions (PROHITECH'17), July 12-15, 2017, Lisbon, Portugal}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{BoccaraDiamantidisSykora, author = {Boccara, R. and Diamantidis, Dimitris and S{\´y}kora, Miroslav}, title = {Optimal design of ground-mounted solar systems}, series = {Safety and reliability : methodology and applications : proceedings of the European Safety and Reliability Conference, ESREL 2014, Wrocław, Poland, 14-18 September 2014}, booktitle = {Safety and reliability : methodology and applications : proceedings of the European Safety and Reliability Conference, ESREL 2014, Wrocław, Poland, 14-18 September 2014}, publisher = {CRC Press}, address = {Boca Raton}, isbn = {978-1-138-02681-0}, pages = {2175 -- 2181}, abstract = {Solar energy represents a clean, natural and sustainable source of energy. Solar photovoltaic panels can be installed on roofs of structures or in the ground. This contribution focusses on ground-mounted systems, which are presently widely implemented. At present limited guidelines on the design of solar ground-mounted structures are available. Usually standards for the design of normal buildings are applied. However, the design of ground-mounted structures significantly differs from common structural design by: (1) a lower design lifetime (20-25 years) is accepted; (2) failure is not associated with the loss of human life; (3) resistance uncertainties need due attention; (4) uplift wind forces dominating structural reliability are associated with a large scatter. That is why the reliability analysis and optimal design of ground-mounted solar systems is investigated herein. The failure costs and especially their ratio to the initial costs are analyzed considering the data provided from the industry. Probabilistic reliability analyses are carried out and optimum design levels are computed for representative cost ratios. The optimal target reliability depends on the ratio between failure and initial costs; reliability index of 3.5 corresponds to a reasonable cost ratio of 10.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SykoraDiamantidisMasciotta, author = {S{\´y}kora, Miroslav and Diamantidis, Dimitris and Masciotta, Maria Giovanna}, title = {Optimising In-situ Testing for Historic Masonry Structures: a Case Study}, series = {International Conference on Sustainable Materials, Systems and Structures (SMSS 2019): Durability, Monitoring and Repair of Structures, 20-22 March 2019, Rovinj, Croatia}, booktitle = {International Conference on Sustainable Materials, Systems and Structures (SMSS 2019): Durability, Monitoring and Repair of Structures, 20-22 March 2019, Rovinj, Croatia}, publisher = {RILEM Publications SARL}, isbn = {978-2-35158-217-6}, pages = {684 -- 691}, abstract = {Masonry structures were built by means of various techniques, using materials whose properties exhibit a considerable scatter depending on the period of construction, region- specific soil resources and manufacturing procedures. Significant spatial variability within the structural system is often observed due to diverse deterioration mechanisms. Therefore, it is important to obtain case-specific information on the mechanical properties of existing masonry structures. The case study of a historic building illustrates how the number of destructive tests (DTs) used to calibrate non-destructive tests (NDTs) can be optimised for the reliability assessment. Calibrated NDTs are used to establish the probabilistic model for compressive masonry strength. The specific focus is on compressive strength of masonry units; tests of mortar strength are only briefly discussed. The preliminary assessment is based on non-calibrated NDTs. The number of DTs for calibration is then optimised by means of probabilistic cost optimisation, considering also possible subsequent actions - 'do nothing' or 'strengthen the structure'. It appears that the estimates of masonry unit strength based on NDTs are associated with large dispersion and may be significantly biased. Consequently, it is often beneficial to conduct at least one DT. A practical tool is provided to determine optimum number of DTs for different outcomes of a NDT survey and different failure consequences.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{DiamantidisSykora, author = {Diamantidis, Dimitris and S{\´y}kora, Miroslav}, title = {Implementing Information Gained through Structural Health Monitoring - Proposal for Standards}, series = {13th International Conference on Applications of Statistics and Probability in Civil Engineering, Mai 2019, Seoul, Korea}, booktitle = {13th International Conference on Applications of Statistics and Probability in Civil Engineering, Mai 2019, Seoul, Korea}, abstract = {With exception of a few issues such as design by testing, current standards do not include guidelines on the use and the quantification of value of additional information gained through Structural Health Monitoring (SHM). This contribution summarizes a recently developed draft of the guideline for practicing engineers in the framework of the EU-COST project 1402 and illustrates its application in engineering decision-making. Besides continuous and periodic monitoring, visual inspection, non-destructive evaluation and proof loading are included herein as a simple form of SHM. The guideline is independent of a type of structure, construction materials, loading, and of environmental conditions. It aims at a wide field of application including design of new structures, assessment of existing structures and type specific monitoring of a population of structures. The decision process related to the use of SHM is presented first together with relevant decision objectives and variables. Performance indicators are summarized and discussed with respect to the performance objectives. The evaluation of monitoring strategies based on life cycle costs is exposed and the selection of optimal intervention actions including safety measures is shown in representative case studies. The results demonstrate the potential of the use of monitoring to support engineering decisions and reflect though the practical benefits from the application of the guideline.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SykoraBotteCaspeeleetal., author = {S{\´y}kora, Miroslav and Botte, Wouter and Caspeele, Robby and Diamantidis, Dimitris and Muttoni, Aurelio and Steenbergen, Rapha{\"e}l D.J.M.}, title = {Probabilistic models for resistance variables in fib Model Code 2020 for design and assessment}, series = {Acta Polytechnica CTU Proceedings}, volume = {36}, booktitle = {Acta Polytechnica CTU Proceedings}, publisher = {Czech Technical University in Prague}, doi = {10.14311/APP.2022.36.0206}, pages = {206 -- 215}, abstract = {The fib Model Code offers pre-normative guidance based on the synthesis of international research, industry and engineering expertise. Its new edition (draft MC 2020) will bring together coherent knowledge and experience for both the design of new concrete structures and the assessment of existing concrete structures. This contribution presents an overview of the main developments related to the partial factors for materials. In the draft MC2020, the partial factors are presented in tables for clusters of cases depending on consequence classes and variability of basic variables. Furthermore, formulas and background information are provided to facilitate updating of the partial factors. This contribution discusses the different assumptions adopted in MC 2020 for design and assessment. Main changes with respect to the previous version are related to description of the difference between in-situ concrete strength and the material strength measured on control specimens, and to modelling of geometrical variables. The presented comparison of the requirements imposed by Eurocodes and MC 2020 for design reveals insignificant differences. The assessment requirements may be decreased by about 25\% when the conditions specified in MC 2020 are satisfied. Hence, the revised MC 2020 will provide designers and code makers with wider possibilities to utilise actual data and long-term experience in assessments of existing structures.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{DiamantidisSykoraBertacca, author = {Diamantidis, Dimitris and S{\´y}kora, Miroslav and Bertacca, Elena}, title = {Obsolescence Rate: Framework, Analysis and Influence on Risk Acceptance Criteria}, series = {6th International Symposium on Life-Cycle Civil Engineering (IALCCE), Ghent, Belgium}, booktitle = {6th International Symposium on Life-Cycle Civil Engineering (IALCCE), Ghent, Belgium}, abstract = {Buildings are major long lasting assets of the society and business enterprises and form a significant part of infrastructure management. They require continual maintenance and in many cases they can become inap-propriate for their original purpose due to obsolescence and are demolished. The present contribution ex-plores the obsolescence of buildings and in particular the definitions of obsolescence, the related influenc-ing factors and the associated uncertainties. Thereby definitions of the obsolescence rate based on the physi-cal and useful (service) life are clarified. The experienced useful life of buildings in Finland, Germany and North America is statistically analysed, utilizing available databases, and comparisons with the design (minimum) working life specified in standards are made. The probability of not exceeding the required min-imum service life is evaluated and discussed. Whereas many factors affecting the obsolescence rate are be-yond the control of civil engineers, particular attention needs to be paid to cases where the service life of the structure is determined by physical aspects related to deterioration. These cases are identified and recom-mendations to improve structural design are offered. The service life and the related renewal rate is influ-encing the risk acceptance criteria as given in ISO 2394. Such criteria are derived on the basis of economic optimization and the LQI marginal safety costs principle. A statistical model for the renewal rate is obtained and its influence on the target reliability is investigated for a representative failure limit state. The influence of the obsolescence rate is quantified and critically disputed.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{DiamantidisLenziSykora, author = {Diamantidis, Dimitris and Lenzi, Daniele and S{\´y}kora, Miroslav}, title = {Optimal decisions based on monitoring - case study of steel roof}, series = {Proceedings of the Joint COST TU1402-TU1406 - IABSE WC1 Workshop, Zagreb 2-3 March 2017}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Joint COST TU1402-TU1406 - IABSE WC1 Workshop, Zagreb 2-3 March 2017}, doi = {10.5592/CO/BSHM2017.4.7}, pages = {4.7-1 -- 4.7-7}, abstract = {Monitoring of structures and related decisions based on cost optimization are discussed in this contribution. Many research publications and experimental data are currently available on inspection and on monitoring and they represent the outcome of the remarkable work done. Not all the topics of interest are widely debated and implemented in standards. The current state-of-practice in standards is summarized and aspects to be included in future recommendations are proposed. The implementation of risk-based decisions is illustrated in a case study dealing with a stadium roof in Northern Italy. Snow actions are important especially in northern and mountainous regions where heavy snowfalls and related accumulation result to considerable loads. As the roof structure fails to comply with the requirements of Eurocodes, a permanent monitoring system has been installed to allow for real time evaluation of the reliability level of the structure. The system supplies the necessary information supporting immediate decisions on closure of the stadium in case of an extraordinary snow load. Cost-optimal decisions regarding the closure of the stadium are analysed based on a limit state function, on probabilistic models for the influencing parameters including measurement uncertainty, economic losses related to closure and failure consequences. The results demonstrate the potential of the use of the monitoring systems and probabilistic reliability analysis in order to support decisions and highlight the need for their implementation in future standards.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{DiamantidisSykora, author = {Diamantidis, Dimitris and S{\´y}kora, Miroslav}, title = {Optimizing Monitoring - Implementation of Draft Guideline and Case Study of Roof Exposed to Snow Loads}, series = {Proceedings of 40th IABSE Symposium : Tomorrow's Megastructures, Nantes, France, 19-21 September 2018}, booktitle = {Proceedings of 40th IABSE Symposium : Tomorrow's Megastructures, Nantes, France, 19-21 September 2018}, publisher = {Curran Associates Inc}, address = {Red Hook, NY}, isbn = {978-3-85748-161-1}, doi = {10.2749/nantes.2018.s27-27}, pages = {8}, abstract = {This contribution addresses the optimisation of monitoring and decision-making criteria regarding the future use of structures and the related implementation in modern guidelines. A summary of the state-of-practice reveals deficiencies that are addressed by prospective guidance for the anticipated updates of standards, providing a general methodology to obtain cost-optimal decisions using limit state design, probabilistic reliability analysis and cost estimates. The implementation of a draft guideline and the corresponding risk-based approach are illustrated in a full-scale case study dealing with the roof of a stadium located in Northern Italy. The results demonstrate the potential of using monitoring systems and probabilistic reliability analysis in order to support decisions regarding safety measures such as snow removal, or temporary closure of the stadium.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{DiamantidisHolickySykora, author = {Diamantidis, Dimitris and Holick{\´y}, Milan and S{\´y}kora, Miroslav}, title = {Target Reliability Levels Based on Societal, Economic and Environmental Consequences of Structural Failure}, series = {Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Structural Safety \& Reliability (ICOSSAR 2017), 6-10 August 2017, Vienna, Austria}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Structural Safety \& Reliability (ICOSSAR 2017), 6-10 August 2017, Vienna, Austria}, abstract = {Target reliability levels are derived by optimizing initial structural costs and considering three major types of potential consequences of structural failure: a) direct and indirect economic losses, b) societal consequences resulting from fatalities and injuries, and c) environmental impacts. The guidance on how to e stimate and combine these consequences is provided; societal consequences are expressed using the Life Quality Index (LQI) concept. The case study focused on a generic load-bearing member reveals that target reliability levels for structural design are commonly dominated by economic criteria.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{HolickyDiamantidisSykora, author = {Holick{\´y}, Milan and Diamantidis, Dimitris and S{\´y}kora, Miroslav}, title = {Effects of Quality Control on Reliability of Reinforced Concrete Structures according to Eurocodes}, series = {fib Symposium 2016 : Performance-Based Approaches for Concrete Structures, 14, 2016, Cape town}, booktitle = {fib Symposium 2016 : Performance-Based Approaches for Concrete Structures, 14, 2016, Cape town}, abstract = {The effect of quality control on structural reliability represents an increasingly important concern of designers and thus is investigated in this contribution, focusing on reinforced concrete structures. Recent European documents for structural design - Eurocodes, fib Model Code 2010 and ISO 2394:2015 for general principles on structural reliability indicate that the partial factors may be adjusted to available information on the quality control of structures. In particular, the partial factors for concrete and steel strength may be significantly reduced taking into account actual execution quality and related available data. Using probabilistic methods of structural reliability, effects for execution quality are investigated in this contribution considering two fundamental reinforced concrete members: a beam (or slab) exposed to bending and a short column exposed to compression. It is shown that the reliability of reinforced concrete members may vary with the load ratio of variable and permanent actions. It appears also that the structural members of a basic quality, designed using unreduced partial factors, have a greater reliability level than the members of an increased quality, designed using the partial factors reduced according to EN 1992 1 1. This provides the basis for recommendations for further code developments.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SykoraDiamantidis, author = {S{\´y}kora, Miroslav and Diamantidis, Dimitris}, title = {Snow Load Monitoring - Measure to Control Reliability of the Roof of a Stadium}, series = {International Conference Structural Reliability \& Modelling in Mechanics, 24.-25.05.2018, Ostrava, Czech Republic}, booktitle = {International Conference Structural Reliability \& Modelling in Mechanics, 24.-25.05.2018, Ostrava, Czech Republic}, abstract = {This contribution shows how monitoring can be used to control reliability of a structure not complying with the requirements of Eurocodes. A general methodology to obtain cost-optimal decisions using limit state design, probabilistic reliability analysis and cost estimates is utilised in a full-scale case study dealing with the roof of a stadium located in Northern Italy. The results demonstrate the potential of monitoring systems and probabilistic reliability analysis to support decisions regarding safety measures such as snow removal, or temporary closure of the stadium.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SykoraHolickyDiamantidis, author = {S{\´y}kora, Miroslav and Holicky, Milan and Diamantidis, Dimitris}, title = {Target Reliability for Existing Civil Engineering Systems}, series = {2016 Second International Symposium on Stochastic Models in Reliability Engineering, Life Science and Operations Management (SMRLO), 15-18 Feb. 2016, Beer Sheva, Israel}, booktitle = {2016 Second International Symposium on Stochastic Models in Reliability Engineering, Life Science and Operations Management (SMRLO), 15-18 Feb. 2016, Beer Sheva, Israel}, publisher = {IEEE}, doi = {10.1109/SMRLO.2016.28}, pages = {109 -- 114}, abstract = {Specification of the target reliability levels is one of the key issues of the assessment of existing systems. ISO 2394:2015 indicate procedures for specification of the target reliability levels by optimisation of the total cost related to an assumed remaining working life of a structural system. These approaches are critically compared with human safety criteria and with recommendations of present standards. It appears that the requirement on the same target reliability levels for existing civil engineering systems as for newly designed is uneconomical. Decisions in the assessment can result in the acceptance of the actual state or in upgrade of the existing structure, two reliability levels are thus needed - the minimum level below which the structure is unreliable and should be upgraded, and the target level indicating an optimum upgrade strategy. When reliability of a system or its key component is verified (as compared to design of a common component), the target reliability index should be increased by about 0.5.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SykoraMarkovaDiamantidis, author = {S{\´y}kora, Miroslav and Markova, Jana and Diamantidis, Dimitris}, title = {Bayesian Network Application for the Risk Assessment of Existing Energy Production Units}, series = {2016 Second International Symposium on Stochastic Models in Reliability Engineering, Life Science and Operations Management (SMRLO), 15-18 Feb. 2016, Beer Sheva, Israel}, booktitle = {2016 Second International Symposium on Stochastic Models in Reliability Engineering, Life Science and Operations Management (SMRLO), 15-18 Feb. 2016, Beer Sheva, Israel}, publisher = {IEEE}, doi = {10.1109/SMRLO.2016.116}, pages = {656 -- 664}, abstract = {A Bayesian network is applied in this contribution in order to assess the risks of a selected production unit in a fossil power station. A general framework for the risk assessment of production units of a power station is presented first by implementing statistical methods and Bayesian networks. Special emphasis is given to the input data consisting of failure rates which are obtained on the basis of recorded data and expert judgements. The consequences of failure are divided into economical and human (societal): economic consequences include outages of key technological devices, societal consequences cover potential injuries and fatalities. Probabilistic risk assessment methods are applied to the selected production unit of a power station. The influence of the uncertainties in the considered technical parameters on the availability of the unit is assessed and the acceptance of the calculated availability represented through the mean value and the standard deviation is discussed. Societal risks given in terms of weighted injuries and fatalities are obtained and respective risk acceptance criteria are presented. Uncertainties affecting the risks are discussed. It appears that the proposed framework provides a valuable assessment of the influence individual devices and their components on availability and societal risk. For that purpose the used methodology, intentionally simplified for operational applications, includes important factors affecting risks of production units. It is concluded that Bayesian networks are a transparent method for the probabilistic risk assessment of complex technological systems. The results of the performed analyses can be easily updated when additional information becomes available as illustrated in characteristic examples.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{HolickyDiamantidisSykora, author = {Holicky, Milan and Diamantidis, Dimitris and S{\´y}kora, Miroslav}, title = {Economically optimum structural design}, series = {High Performance and Optimum Design of Structures and Materials III (HPSM/OPTI 2018) ; Ljubljana, Slovenia 11.07.2018 - 13.07.2018}, booktitle = {High Performance and Optimum Design of Structures and Materials III (HPSM/OPTI 2018) ; Ljubljana, Slovenia 11.07.2018 - 13.07.2018}, editor = {de Wilde, W. P. and Hern{\´a}ndez, S. and Kravanja, S.}, publisher = {WIT}, doi = {10.2495/hpsm180151}, pages = {143 -- 153}, abstract = {Codes of practice aim to assure structures have acceptable risks to the public and the minimum total costs over the working life of a design. However, current codified criteria for structural design correspond to a broad range of reliability levels, specified for dissimilar reference periods even though their recalculation for different periods is uncertain due to unknown dependence of failure events in time. In this contribution, target reliability levels are specified on the basis of probabilistic risk optimization considering the objective function as a sum of various costs including effects of time to failure and discounting. A case study presents probabilistic optimization of the roof of a stadium for 4,000 spectators and illustrates the effect of the considered input parameters. Failure consequences and relative cost of safety measure are shown to be major factors affecting the optimum reliability level. Less important factors are the discount rate and working life. Large uncertainty in failure cost estimates seems to have only a marginal effect on derived optimum reliability levels.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{CroceDiamantidisSykora, author = {Croce, Valeria and Diamantidis, Dimitris and S{\´y}kora, Miroslav}, title = {Seismic Damage Evaluation and Decisions on Interventions Supported by UAV-Based Surveys}, series = {Protection of Historical Constructions: Proceedings of PROHITECH 2021}, volume = {209}, booktitle = {Protection of Historical Constructions: Proceedings of PROHITECH 2021}, editor = {Vayas, Ioannis and Mazzolani, Federico M.}, publisher = {Springer International Publishing}, address = {Cham}, isbn = {978-3-030-90787-7}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-90788-4_20}, pages = {206 -- 221}, abstract = {The contribution demonstrates the benefits of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV)-based surveys for building damage evaluation and decisions on interventions after an earthquake. The case study focuses on the historic village of Castelluccio di Norcia (Italy), heavily damaged by the 2016 earthquake. By constructing a 3D model based on UAV flights, the damage levels are estimated for buildings in the village and an optimal set of intervention measures is proposed. For the decision analysis, a pre-posterior Bayesian technique is utilized. The efficiency of the UAV-based survey is highlighted through a cost-benefit analysis and by considering parameters such as the time constraints, the quality of obtained data and the risk of inspecting persons. The proposed method seems to be efficient in organizing rescuing activities, managing emergency measures and specifying interventions, following the occurrence of an accidental situation.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{CroceDiamantidisSykora, author = {Croce, Valeria and Diamantidis, Dimitris and S{\´y}kora, Miroslav}, title = {Planning post earthquake surveys: assessments and reconstruction of small historical centres}, series = {1st IABSE Online Symposium 2020, Synergy of culture and civil engineering - history and challenges: Wrocław, Poland, 7-9 October 2020, Proceedings}, booktitle = {1st IABSE Online Symposium 2020, Synergy of culture and civil engineering - history and challenges: Wrocław, Poland, 7-9 October 2020, Proceedings}, editor = {Bien, Jan}, publisher = {Curran Associates Inc}, address = {Red Hook, NY}, isbn = {978-1-7138-2387-2}, pages = {332 -- 339}, abstract = {The contribution presents a methodological procedure for the management and planning of interventions after earthquake events in small historic centres. Reference is made to the case study of Castelluccio di Norcia, a village in the Apennine Mountains affected by the seismic sequence that hit Central Italy in 2016. The earthquake risk of the area and the damaging events of 2016 are critically reviewed. The implementation of cognitive analysis and the application of advanced survey techniques involving the use of nmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) for the purposes of emergency management and monitoring of damaged areas are analysed. The outcomes, combined with the direct involvement of the local population, represent a complete and integrated approach allowing the definition of a) possible intervention strategies, b) related decision criteria and c) practical recommendations for the reconstruction and regeneration of Castelluccio, and, in general, of small historic centres damaged by catastrophic events.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{DiamantidisSykora, author = {Diamantidis, Dimitris and S{\´y}kora, Miroslav}, title = {Reliability Differentiation and Uniform Risk in Standards}, series = {Scientific Symposium Future Trends in Civil Engineering, Zagreb,Croatia, 17 October 2029}, booktitle = {Scientific Symposium Future Trends in Civil Engineering, Zagreb,Croatia, 17 October 2029}, doi = {10.5592/CO/FTCE.2019.11}, pages = {241 -- 260}, abstract = {Reliability of structures and infrastructures is a major issue in structural engineering. Structural standards have traditionally been mainly concerned with public safety preventing loss of life or injury; this view has been shifting in recent years towards minimisation of economic loss. This contribution discusses the reliability differentiation principle in modern standards. Its aim is to achieve uniform risk levels for the various classes of structures. Codified criteria for reliability differentiation and risk informed decisions inherent in standards and especially in the Eurocodes are critically reviewed. It is shown that the classification of structures based on consequences of failure is an approach that has not been widely implemented in everyday design. Practical rules for the classification and implementation in design are needed and related proposals are presented.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{DiamantidisSykora, author = {Diamantidis, Dimitris and S{\´y}kora, Miroslav}, title = {Implementing Snow Load Monitoring to control Reliability of a Stadium Roof}, series = {Transactions of VSB}, volume = {19}, booktitle = {Transactions of VSB}, number = {1}, publisher = {TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF OSTRAVA}, doi = {10.35181/tces-2019-0006}, pages = {35 -- 40}, abstract = {This contribution shows how monitoring can be used to control reliability of a structure not complying with the requirements of Eurocodes. A general methodology to obtain cost-optimal decisions using limit state design, probabilistic reliability analysis and cost estimates is utilised in a full-scale case study dealing with the roof of a stadium located in Northern Italy. The results demonstrate the potential of monitoring systems and probabilistic reliability analysis to support decisions regarding safety measures such as snow removal, or temporary closure of the stadium.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{DiamantidisHolickySykora, author = {Diamantidis, Dimitris and Holick{\´y}, Milan and S{\´y}kora, Miroslav}, title = {Risk and reliability acceptance criteria for civil engineering structures}, series = {Structural Reliability and Modelling in Mechanics Conference, Ostrava, Czech Republic, May 2016}, booktitle = {Structural Reliability and Modelling in Mechanics Conference, Ostrava, Czech Republic, May 2016}, pages = {1 -- 10}, abstract = {The specification of risk and reliability acceptance criteria is a key issue of structural design and verification of existing structures. Current target reliability levels in standards appear to have considerable scatter. Critical review of risk acceptance approaches to societal, economic and environmental risk indicates that an optimal design strategy is mostly dominated by economic aspects while human safety aspects need to be verified only in special cases. It is recommended to specify the target levels considering economic optimisation and the marginal life-saving costs principle, as both these approaches take into account the failure consequences and costs of safety measures.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{DiamantidisSykoraBarnardoViljoenetal., author = {Diamantidis, Dimitris and S{\´y}kora, Miroslav and Barnardo-Viljoen, Celeste and Retief, Johan Verster and R{\´o}zs{\´a}s, {\´A}rp{\´a}d}, title = {On Risk-Based Design of Structures Exposed to Changing Climatic Actions}, series = {Life-Cycle of Engineering Systems : Emphasis on Sustainable Civil Infrastructure ; The Fifth International Symposium on Life-Cycle Civil Engineering (IALCCE 2016) 16-20 October 2016, Delft, The Netherlands}, booktitle = {Life-Cycle of Engineering Systems : Emphasis on Sustainable Civil Infrastructure ; The Fifth International Symposium on Life-Cycle Civil Engineering (IALCCE 2016) 16-20 October 2016, Delft, The Netherlands}, editor = {Bakker, Jaap and Frangopol, Dan M. and Van Breugel, Klaas}, publisher = {Taylor \& Francis}, address = {London ; Boca Raton}, isbn = {978-1-138-02847-0}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SykoraDiamantidisMarkovaetal., author = {S{\´y}kora, Miroslav and Diamantidis, Dimitris and Markov{\´a}, Jana and Masciotta, Maria Giovanna}, title = {Optimizing in-situ testing for historic masonry structures: a case study}, series = {International Conference on Sustainable Materials, Systems and Structures (SMSS 2019) : Durability, Monitoring and Repair of Structures, 20-22 March 2019, Rovinj, Croatia}, booktitle = {International Conference on Sustainable Materials, Systems and Structures (SMSS 2019) : Durability, Monitoring and Repair of Structures, 20-22 March 2019, Rovinj, Croatia}, editor = {Baričević, Ana and Jelčić Rukavina, Marija and Damjanović, Domagoi and Guadagnini, Maurizio}, publisher = {RILEM Publications}, isbn = {978-1-5108-9296-5}, pages = {684 -- 691}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SykoraNadolskiNovaketal., author = {Sykora, Miroslav and Nadolski, Vitali and Novak, Luk{\´a}š and Novak, Drahom{\´i}r and Diamantidis, Dimitris}, title = {Pilot comparison of semi-probabilistic methods applied to RC structures with multiple failure modes}, series = {Concrete Innovation for Sustainability, 6th fib International Congress in Oslo, Norway (2022), proceedings, 12-16 June 2022, Oslo, Norway}, booktitle = {Concrete Innovation for Sustainability, 6th fib International Congress in Oslo, Norway (2022), proceedings, 12-16 June 2022, Oslo, Norway}, publisher = {fib}, pages = {1890 -- 1899}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{OrcesiBastidasArteagaMarkogiannakietal., author = {Orcesi, Andre and Bastidas-Arteaga, Emilio and Markogiannaki, Olga and Li, Yue and Schoefs, Franck and Ballester, Jorge and O'Connor, Alan and S{\´y}kora, Miroslav and Imam, Boulent and Pregnolato, Maria and Stewart, Mark and Ryan, Paraic and Diamantidis, Dimitris and Wu, Teng and Schmidt, Franziska and Kreislov{\´a}, Kateřina and Salman, Abdullahi M.}, title = {Investigating the effects of climate change on structural resistance and actions}, series = {IABSE Congress, Ghent 2021, Structural Engineering for Future Societal Needs: 22.02.2021 - 24.02.2021, Ghent, Belgium}, booktitle = {IABSE Congress, Ghent 2021, Structural Engineering for Future Societal Needs: 22.02.2021 - 24.02.2021, Ghent, Belgium}, publisher = {International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE)}, address = {Z{\"u}rich}, doi = {10.2749/ghent.2021.0974}, pages = {974 -- 985}, abstract = {One major issue when considering the effects of climate change is to understand, qualify and quantify how natural hazards and the changing climate will likely impact infrastructure assets and services as it strongly depends on current and future climate variability, location, asset design life, function and condition. So far, there is no well-defined and agreed performance indicator that isolates the effects of climate change for structures. Rather, one can mention some key considerations on how climate change may produce changes of vulnerability due to physical and chemical actions affecting structural durability or changes of the exposure in terms of intensity/frequency of extreme events. This paper considers these two aspects and associated challenges, considering some recent activities of members of the IABSE TG6.1.}, language = {en} }