@inproceedings{HeldWestner, author = {Held, Tobias and Westner, Markus}, title = {IT Business Value Measurement and Communication among German CIOs: A Conceptual Framework}, series = {2022 IEEE 24th Conference on Business Informatics (CBI): 15-17 June 2022, Amsterdam, Netherlands}, booktitle = {2022 IEEE 24th Conference on Business Informatics (CBI): 15-17 June 2022, Amsterdam, Netherlands}, publisher = {IEEE}, doi = {10.1109/CBI54897.2022.00023}, pages = {146 -- 155}, abstract = {This paper applies design science research methodology to iteratively develop a framework for measuring and communicating IT business value from a CIO perspective. The framework design is based on analysis and integration of literature combined with empirical findings. The framework was evaluated by CIO interviews and a practical feasibility study. The results show that IT business value can be measured and communicated using our framework by applying six consecutive process steps. Thereby, IT business value is not a single number but a set of quantitative and qualitative metrics relevant to stakeholders. Our framework represents a novel and integrated approach on how CIOs can select appropriate metrics, measure, and communicate IT business value to stakeholders. In addition, the paper provides insights for CIOs on how to be successful in IT business value management.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{KaessStrahringerWestner, author = {K{\"a}ss, Sebastian and Strahringer, Susanne and Westner, Markus}, title = {Drivers and Inhibitors of Low Code Development Platform Adoption}, series = {2022 IEEE 24th Conference on Business Informatics (CBI): 15.06. - 17.06.2022, Amsterdam}, booktitle = {2022 IEEE 24th Conference on Business Informatics (CBI): 15.06. - 17.06.2022, Amsterdam}, publisher = {IEEE}, doi = {10.1109/CBI54897.2022.00028}, pages = {196 -- 205}, abstract = {When done right, the use of low code development promises a significant competitive advantage in the software development process for organizations. Thus, multiple vendors have created low code development platforms to ease the use of low code development. However, current research on low code development platforms mainly focuses on the technological aspects of the platforms but not on their adoption. Hence, it remains unclear what drives and inhibits the adoption of low code development platforms. We conducted a literature review and identified thirteen factors that inhibit the adoption and seven factors that drive it. We structure these factors along with the diffusion of innovation framework that helps to disentangle drivers and inhibitors. As a result, we provide an initial explanation of the adoption of low code development platforms. Nevertheless, we conclude that existing research on the adoption of low code development platforms is not specific enough to understand the phenomenon substantially. Further, for some factors (e.g., cost), there is a disagreement in the academic literature on whether they are drivers or inhibitors. Hence, we identify gaps and derive avenues for future research.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{HassmannWestner, author = {Hassmann, Tobias and Westner, Markus}, title = {Enhancing Expert Interviews: Insights from Information Systems and Digital Transformation Research}, series = {32nd International conference on information systems development (ISD 2024), August 26-28, 2024, Gdańsk, Poland}, booktitle = {32nd International conference on information systems development (ISD 2024), August 26-28, 2024, Gdańsk, Poland}, editor = {Marcinkowski, Bartosz and Przybyłek, Adam and Jarzębowicz, Aleksander and Iivari, Netta and Insfran, Emilio and Lang, Michael and Linger, Henry and Schneider, Christoph}, publisher = {AIS eLibrary}, isbn = {978-83-972632-0-8}, doi = {10.62036/ISD.2024.48}, abstract = {Expert interviews, a commonly employed qualitative data collection procedure in information systems (IS) research, lack consistent conceptualization. This paper aims to address this gap by providing a conceptual framework and comprehensive guidelines for a rigorous implementation of expert interviews, supported by real-world examples. After a systematic selection of method-relevant literature, a thematic analysis of twenty-eight articles, books, and book chapters is conducted to elicit the distinctive characteristics and rigorous conduct of expert interviews. Validation is provided by analyzing nineteen studies published in important IS outlets that use expert interviews. A particular focus is on a subset of five studies that cover digital transformation topics. The analysis reveals expert interviews' flexibility as data collection procedure and shows the wide range of application opportunities for IS researchers. Lastly, we discuss theoretical and practical implications of our findings to enhance the rigor, systematic use, and relevance of expert interviews in IS research.}, language = {en} } @article{HollerWestner, author = {Holler, Nathalie and Westner, Markus}, title = {Factors Influencing Cloud Computing Adoption in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises: A Systematic Review}, series = {Informatica}, volume = {49}, journal = {Informatica}, number = {1}, publisher = {Slovenian Association Informatika}, issn = {1854-3871}, doi = {10.31449/inf.v49i1.6971}, abstract = {This paper investigates the factors influencing cloud computing adoption in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) through a systematic literature review. The analysis identified twelve key factors influencing the adoption of cloud computing in SMEs. Based on the Technology-Organisation-Environment (TOE) model and the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), a conceptual framework was developed for future research. The most important factors are cost, organisational readiness, compatibility, relative advantage and top management support. Other influential factors include security, perceived usefulness, firm size, government support, perceived ease of use, vendor support and competitive pressure. The majority of studies were conducted in Asian countries, including developing countries, limiting the generalisability of the findings to SMEs in more developed economies. This research highlights the need for cloud computing solutions that not only reduce costs and ensure high levels of security and privacy, but are also easy to use and integrate. Further research is recommended to explore these factors within SMEs in more developed economies.}, language = {en} } @incollection{HassmannWestner, author = {Hassmann, Tobias and Westner, Markus}, title = {A Framework for Rigorous Execution and Presentation of Expert Interviews in IS and Digital Transformation Research}, series = {Advances in Information Systems Development: Exploring New Horizons and Opportunities}, booktitle = {Advances in Information Systems Development: Exploring New Horizons and Opportunities}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {Cham}, isbn = {9783031878794}, issn = {2195-4968}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-031-87880-0_4}, pages = {63 -- 86}, abstract = {This article addresses the inconsistent conceptualization of expert interviews in information systems (IS) research by providing a structured framework for their rigorous execution and presentation. Through a thematic analysis of 28 method-relevant papers, key characteristics and good practices for executing expert interviews are identified. Additionally, 39 highly cited IS studies were reviewed to examine expert interview utilization in IS research and to identify good practices for presenting expert interview outcomes, which are further validated on nine digital transformation (DT) studies. Our findings highlight the adaptability and varied applications of expert interviews in IS research and offer recommendations to strengthen rigor in their preparation, execution, and presentation of outcomes. Theoretical and practical implications are provided to guide a more systematic and rigorous use of expert interviews in IS research.}, language = {en} } @article{StrasserStrahringerWestner, author = {Strasser, Artur and Strahringer, Susanne and Westner, Markus}, title = {Determinants of success and failure of knowledge transfer in information systems offshoring}, series = {International Journal of Information Technology and Management}, volume = {22}, journal = {International Journal of Information Technology and Management}, number = {1/2}, publisher = {Inderscience}, issn = {1741-5179}, doi = {10.1504/IJITM.2023.10055151}, abstract = {The transfer of knowledge from client to service provider poses major challenges in information systems (IS) offshoring projects. Knowledge transfer directly affects IS offshoring success. Therefore, associated challenges must be overcome. Our study examines the determinants of success and failure of knowledge transfer in IS offshoring projects based on a ranking-type Delphi study. We questioned 32 experts from Germany, each with more than ten years of experience in near- or offshore initiatives to seek a consensus among them. We identified 19 success and 20 failure determinants. These determinants are ranked in order of importance using best-worst scaling. Aspects of closer cooperation are critical for effective knowledge transfer. This includes regular collaboration, willingness to help and support, and mutual trust. In contrast, critical determinants of failure are concerned with fears and fluctuation of human resources. Hidden ambiguities or knowledge gaps, an unwillingness and disability to share knowledge, and high fluctuation of human resources negatively impact knowledge transfer.}, language = {en} } @article{KratzerWestnerStrahringer, author = {Kratzer, Simon and Westner, Markus and Strahringer, Susanne}, title = {Mehr als Vollzeit: Fractional CIOs in KMUs}, series = {HMD Praxis der Wirtschaftsinformatik}, journal = {HMD Praxis der Wirtschaftsinformatik}, publisher = {Springer}, issn = {2198-2775}, doi = {10.1365/s40702-023-01010-x}, pages = {23}, abstract = {Auch kleine und mittlere Unternehmen (KMUs) ben{\"o}tigen zunehmend ein effektives Informationstechnologie- (IT)-Management, um wettbewerbsf{\"a}hig zu bleiben. Im Vergleich zu großen Unternehmen verf{\"u}gen KMUs jedoch oft nicht {\"u}ber die Ressourcen, die Arbeitgeberattraktivit{\"a}t oder den Bedarf, um einen Chief Information Officer (CIO) in Vollzeit zu besch{\"a}ftigen. Um diese L{\"u}cke zu schließen, hat eine wachsende Zahl von Expertinnen und Experten weltweit damit begonnen, CIO-Dienste in Teilzeit anzubieten. Auf diese Weise erhalten KMUs Zugang zu erfahrenen und kompetenten IT-F{\"u}hrungskr{\"a}ften zu einem Bruchteil der Kosten und ohne langfristige Verpflichtungen. W{\"a}hrend diese so genannten „Fractional CIOs" in der Praxis bereits einen Mehrwert schaffen, gibt es noch kaum wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen zu diesem neuen Ph{\"a}nomen. In einem gr{\"o}ßeren Forschungsprojekt mit insgesamt 62 Fractional CIOs aus 10 L{\"a}ndern wurden daher eine Definition, Typen verschiedenartiger Engagements und Erfolgsfaktoren abgeleitet. Die vorliegende Studie fasst die Ergebnisse zusammen und setzt sie in Bezug zum deutschen Markt, indem sie drei Fractional CIOs/CTOs aus Deutschland befragt. Es zeigt sich, dass die folgenden vier Engagement-Typen von Fractional CIOs f{\"u}r KMUs in verschiedenen Situationen von Nutzen sind: Strategisches IT-Management, Restrukturierung, Skalierung und Hands-on Support. Dar{\"u}ber hinaus zeigt die Studie, dass Vertrauen, die Unterst{\"u}tzung durch das Top-Management-Team und die Integrit{\"a}t des Fractional CIOs Schl{\"u}sselfaktoren f{\"u}r den Erfolg von Fractional CIO-Engagements sind. F{\"u}r den deutschen Markt werden die Ergebnisse durch drei befragte Fractional CIOs/CTOs weitgehend best{\"a}tigt. Die Fractional CIOs/CTOs k{\"o}nnen zwar keine genauen Gr{\"u}nde f{\"u}r die geringe Akzeptanz der Rolle nennen, betonen aber ihr Wertpotenzial f{\"u}r den deutschen Markt.}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{HillebrandWestner, author = {Hillebrand, Patrick and Westner, Markus}, title = {Tenure and Background of CIOs in Germany - Influencing Factors and International Comparison}, series = {Proceedings of the of the 18th Conference on Computer Science and Intelligence Systems (FedCSIS 2023), Warsaw, Poland, 17-20 September, 2023}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the of the 18th Conference on Computer Science and Intelligence Systems (FedCSIS 2023), Warsaw, Poland, 17-20 September, 2023}, publisher = {Warsaw University of Technology}, doi = {10.15439/2023F5836}, pages = {557 -- 566}, abstract = {The average tenure of Chief Information Officers (CIOs) has increased over the past few years. Nevertheless, the average tenure of CIOs is shorter than that of Chief Executive Officers (CEOs). While most studies on tenure and background are based on data from US IT executives, studies on German CIOs are missing. This study analyzes the tenure of German CIOs as a proxy for management effectiveness and how certain factors influence it. An original and unique dataset of 384 IT executives from German companies is examined. The data include the size and industry sector of the companies, educational and professional backgrounds of the CIOs, and the CIOs' reporting lines. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test and Fisher's exact test. The German CIOs had a median tenure of 4.0 years. However, if we examine executives who are currently in office and executives with a completed term of office separately , the median tenure differs. The results also show that German CIOs do not have shorter tenures than German CEOs. When compared with US CIOs, the results depend on the values selected for comparison. In addition, the analysis shows that neither the size and industry sector of the companies nor the educational and professional backgrounds of the CIOs and managers of the CIO reports have a statistically significant influence on the tenure of IT executives. The factors examined in this study can be considered as preconditions for the CIO position. In the future, factors that play a role during tenure should be examined.}, language = {en} } @article{WinklerWestner, author = {Winkler, Fabian and Westner, Markus}, title = {A Systematic Literature Review of DevOps Success Factors and Adoption Models}, series = {SOICT '23: Proceedings of the 12th International Symposium on Information and Communication Technology. Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, 7-8 December 2023}, journal = {SOICT '23: Proceedings of the 12th International Symposium on Information and Communication Technology. Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, 7-8 December 2023}, publisher = {ACM}, isbn = {979-8-4007-0891-6}, doi = {10.1145/3628797.3628883}, pages = {525 -- 532}, abstract = {This paper investigates DevOps adoption, emphasizing its cultural dimensions in the context of the information systems domain. Utilizing a robust systematic literature review methodology, we discerned nine salient success factors and delineated three stage models instrumental for a smooth transition into DevOps-centric projects. Despite the increasing breadth of research in the DevOps area, the absence of a consolidated definition remains a challenge, underscoring the importance of a unified interpretative framework. This research notably extends the current body of knowledge by focusing on the cultural dynamics of DevOps adoption. As a result, it offers a refined lens through which both practitioners involved in the adoption process and academic researchers can comprehend the nuances and implications of cultural shifts in the evolving landscape of DevOps within information systems.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{HassmannWestner, author = {Hassmann, Tobias and Westner, Markus}, title = {IS executives and sustainability}, series = {26th International Conference on Business Informatics (CBI), 09-13 September 2024, Vienna, Austria}, booktitle = {26th International Conference on Business Informatics (CBI), 09-13 September 2024, Vienna, Austria}, publisher = {IEEE}, isbn = {979-8-3315-2909-3}, issn = {2378-1971}, doi = {10.1109/CBI62504.2024.00017}, pages = {1-10}, abstract = {The pressing global sustainability challenges, encapsulated in the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), require profound transformations across multiple levels. It is imperative for the Information Systems (IS) discipline to engage in addressing these challenges. This paper aims to contribute to this imperative through a scoping literature review, examining factors that enable IS executives to drive sustainability outcomes within organizations, utilizing the Input-Mediator-Outcome (IMO) framework. By analyzing 31 articles from important IS journals and conferences between 2008 and 2024, this review identifies key input factors for sustainability outcomes, such as individual IS executive inputs, the role of the Top Management Team (TMT) setting and organizational contexts, as well as external influences. In addition, it explores how team-specific processes can augment sustainability efforts. The paper concludes by proposing future research questions to address underrepresented SDGs, investigate external impact factors more thoroughly, and emphasize the role of individual IS executive inputs. These insights aspire to advance the understanding of IS executives' potential to influence sustainability in organizational settings.}, language = {en} }