@inproceedings{KaessGodefroidBorghoffetal., author = {K{\"a}ss, Sebastian and Godefroid, Marie and Borghoff, Vincent and Strahringer, Susanne and Westner, Markus and Plattfaut, Ralf}, title = {Towards a taxonomy of concepts describing IT outside the IT department}, series = {Australasian Conference on Information Systems 2021, Sydney}, booktitle = {Australasian Conference on Information Systems 2021, Sydney}, abstract = {Due to technological advances, IT is increasingly introduced and managed outside of (or even hidden from) an organisation's IT department. As a result, researchers and practitioners have created multiple concepts describing different facets and trends of this development. While the individual concepts typically focus on different aspects, there are overlaps between these concepts. This effect hampers research progress as it creates redundancies and separate streams of knowledge development. We propose a taxonomy of the concepts Lightweight IT, IT Consumerisation, Bring Your Own Device, Shadow IT, and Business-Managed IT to solve this research problem based on a systematic literature review. For this purpose, we derive characterising dimensions of each concept from existing studies and analyse literature according to the usage of terms. As a result, we can describe and delineate the concepts. Thus, we contribute a taxonomy of IT outside the IT department to improve the transfer of research results between research streams.}, language = {en} } @incollection{KopperStrahringerWestner, author = {Kopper, Andreas and Strahringer, Susanne and Westner, Markus}, title = {Kontrollierte Nutzung von Schatten-IT}, series = {IT-GRC-Management - Governance, Risk und Compliance}, booktitle = {IT-GRC-Management - Governance, Risk und Compliance}, publisher = {Springer Vieweg}, address = {Wiesbaden}, isbn = {978-3-658-20058-9}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-658-20059-6_9}, pages = {129 -- 150}, abstract = {Basierend auf einer systematischen und umfangreichen Analyse von Praxisbeitr{\"a}gen zum Thema Schatten-IT und einer Interviewstudie mit 16 IT-F{\"u}hrungskr{\"a}ften beschreibt der vorliegende Artikel Governance-Aspekte zu diesem Ph{\"a}nomen. Er erg{\"a}nzt damit vorhergehende akademische Studien. Es zeigt sich, dass unter Praktikern der Eindruck vorherrscht, dass IT-Abteilungen unter zunehmendem Druck stehen, schneller auf sich {\"a}ndernde Anforderungen aus den Fachbereichen reagieren zu m{\"u}ssen. K{\"o}nnen IT-Abteilungen diesen Erwartungen nicht entsprechen, beschaffen sich Fachbereiche und Nutzer selbst L{\"o}sungen in Form von Schatten-IT. Als m{\"o}gliche Antwort darauf kann sich die IT-Abteilung agiler organisieren und die IT-Architektur im Unternehmen modernisieren. Eine weitere M{\"o}glichkeit besteht darin, sich das innovative Potenzial von Schatten-IT zunutze zu machen und deren Umsetzung aktiv durch organisatorische und technische Maßnahmen zu unterst{\"u}tzen. IT-Sicherheitsmanagement und technische Schutzmechanismen k{\"o}nnen helfen, die so entstandenen L{\"o}sungen abzusichern und die Risiken zu minimieren. Die IT-Abteilung k{\"o}nnte sich als Konsequenz aus all diesen Maßnahmen zu einem nutzerorientierten, internen Service-Provider und strategischen Partner f{\"u}r die Fachbereiche entwickeln.}, language = {de} } @article{KratzerStrahringerWestner, author = {Kratzer, Simon and Strahringer, Susanne and Westner, Markus}, title = {Der Chief Information Officer als Forschungsgegenstand: Ein Blick zur{\"u}ck auf vier Jahrzehnte Forschung und ein Ausblick auf zuk{\"u}nftige Perspektiven}, series = {HMD Praxis der Wirtschaftsinformatik}, volume = {59}, journal = {HMD Praxis der Wirtschaftsinformatik}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, doi = {10.1365/s40702-022-00878-5}, pages = {721 -- 740}, abstract = {Trotz der Relevanz und des Reifegrads des Forschungsbereichs Chief Information Officer (CIO) gibt es nur wenige Studien, die den aktuellen Wissensstand objektiv und umf{\"a}nglich zusammenfassen. Die vorliegende Arbeit schließt diese Forschungsl{\"u}cke und pr{\"a}sentiert eine umfassende Literatur{\"u}bersicht {\"u}ber das CIO-Forschungsfeld unter Verwendung der Hauptpfadanalyse. Anhand einer quantitativen und qualitativen Analyse von 438 Forschungsbeitr{\"a}gen werden die zentralen Arbeiten in der CIO-Forschung und verschiedene Forschungsrichtungen identifiziert. Es zeigt sich, dass sowohl etablierte Forschungsrichtungen, wie z. B. ‚Entwicklung der CIO-Rolle' und ‚Hierarchische Position und Beziehungen des CIOs', als auch neu entstehende Forschungsrichtungen, wie z. B. ‚CIO als Business Enabler', wachsende Aufmerksamkeit auf sich ziehen. Auf der Grundlage der Ergebnisse werden vielversprechende weitere Wege auf dem Gebiet der CIO-Forschung aufgezeigt, z. B. solche, die den Einfluss neuerer Technologien untersuchen.}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{BrosigBleyStrahringeretal., author = {Brosig, Christoph and Bley, Katja and Strahringer, Susanne and Westner, Markus}, title = {The Missing Piece - Calibration of Qualitative Data for Qualitative Comparative Analyses in IS Research}, series = {Thirtieth European Conference on Information Systems, New Horizons in Digitally United Societies (ECIS 2022): 18. - 24.06.2022, Timisoara, Romania}, booktitle = {Thirtieth European Conference on Information Systems, New Horizons in Digitally United Societies (ECIS 2022): 18. - 24.06.2022, Timisoara, Romania}, publisher = {Association for Information Systems}, pages = {1 -- 16}, abstract = {Over the last years, configurational research has become increasingly popular in the Information Systems (IS) discipline. Researchers value configurational methods like Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) as their application contributes to a better understanding of complex phenomena. QCA helps to uncover interrelations of conditions that lead to an outcome, building on the principles of equifinality, conjunctural causation, and asymmetry. More recently, IS researchers have started to analyze qualitative data, like case study data, with QCA. However, there is a lack of methodological guidance on how to calibrate qualitative data into set membership values for QCA. Therefore, this paper structures methodological steps and the associated options to calibrate qualitative data from an interdisciplinary perspective and critically reviews the observed methodological choices in IS research. This paper also gives recommendations for calibrating qualitative data to support informed methodological choices for future research.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{HeldWestner, author = {Held, Tobias and Westner, Markus}, title = {IT Business Value Measurement and Communication among German CIOs: A Conceptual Framework}, series = {2022 IEEE 24th Conference on Business Informatics (CBI): 15-17 June 2022, Amsterdam, Netherlands}, booktitle = {2022 IEEE 24th Conference on Business Informatics (CBI): 15-17 June 2022, Amsterdam, Netherlands}, publisher = {IEEE}, doi = {10.1109/CBI54897.2022.00023}, pages = {146 -- 155}, abstract = {This paper applies design science research methodology to iteratively develop a framework for measuring and communicating IT business value from a CIO perspective. The framework design is based on analysis and integration of literature combined with empirical findings. The framework was evaluated by CIO interviews and a practical feasibility study. The results show that IT business value can be measured and communicated using our framework by applying six consecutive process steps. Thereby, IT business value is not a single number but a set of quantitative and qualitative metrics relevant to stakeholders. Our framework represents a novel and integrated approach on how CIOs can select appropriate metrics, measure, and communicate IT business value to stakeholders. In addition, the paper provides insights for CIOs on how to be successful in IT business value management.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{KaessStrahringerWestner, author = {K{\"a}ss, Sebastian and Strahringer, Susanne and Westner, Markus}, title = {Drivers and Inhibitors of Low Code Development Platform Adoption}, series = {2022 IEEE 24th Conference on Business Informatics (CBI): 15.06. - 17.06.2022, Amsterdam}, booktitle = {2022 IEEE 24th Conference on Business Informatics (CBI): 15.06. - 17.06.2022, Amsterdam}, publisher = {IEEE}, doi = {10.1109/CBI54897.2022.00028}, pages = {196 -- 205}, abstract = {When done right, the use of low code development promises a significant competitive advantage in the software development process for organizations. Thus, multiple vendors have created low code development platforms to ease the use of low code development. However, current research on low code development platforms mainly focuses on the technological aspects of the platforms but not on their adoption. Hence, it remains unclear what drives and inhibits the adoption of low code development platforms. We conducted a literature review and identified thirteen factors that inhibit the adoption and seven factors that drive it. We structure these factors along with the diffusion of innovation framework that helps to disentangle drivers and inhibitors. As a result, we provide an initial explanation of the adoption of low code development platforms. Nevertheless, we conclude that existing research on the adoption of low code development platforms is not specific enough to understand the phenomenon substantially. Further, for some factors (e.g., cost), there is a disagreement in the academic literature on whether they are drivers or inhibitors. Hence, we identify gaps and derive avenues for future research.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{HassmannWestner, author = {Hassmann, Tobias and Westner, Markus}, title = {Enhancing Expert Interviews: Insights from Information Systems and Digital Transformation Research}, series = {32nd International conference on information systems development (ISD 2024), August 26-28, 2024, Gdańsk, Poland}, booktitle = {32nd International conference on information systems development (ISD 2024), August 26-28, 2024, Gdańsk, Poland}, editor = {Marcinkowski, Bartosz and Przybyłek, Adam and Jarzębowicz, Aleksander and Iivari, Netta and Insfran, Emilio and Lang, Michael and Linger, Henry and Schneider, Christoph}, publisher = {AIS eLibrary}, isbn = {978-83-972632-0-8}, doi = {10.62036/ISD.2024.48}, abstract = {Expert interviews, a commonly employed qualitative data collection procedure in information systems (IS) research, lack consistent conceptualization. This paper aims to address this gap by providing a conceptual framework and comprehensive guidelines for a rigorous implementation of expert interviews, supported by real-world examples. After a systematic selection of method-relevant literature, a thematic analysis of twenty-eight articles, books, and book chapters is conducted to elicit the distinctive characteristics and rigorous conduct of expert interviews. Validation is provided by analyzing nineteen studies published in important IS outlets that use expert interviews. A particular focus is on a subset of five studies that cover digital transformation topics. The analysis reveals expert interviews' flexibility as data collection procedure and shows the wide range of application opportunities for IS researchers. Lastly, we discuss theoretical and practical implications of our findings to enhance the rigor, systematic use, and relevance of expert interviews in IS research.}, language = {en} } @article{HollerWestner, author = {Holler, Nathalie and Westner, Markus}, title = {Factors Influencing Cloud Computing Adoption in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises: A Systematic Review}, series = {Informatica}, volume = {49}, journal = {Informatica}, number = {1}, publisher = {Slovenian Association Informatika}, issn = {1854-3871}, doi = {10.31449/inf.v49i1.6971}, abstract = {This paper investigates the factors influencing cloud computing adoption in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) through a systematic literature review. The analysis identified twelve key factors influencing the adoption of cloud computing in SMEs. Based on the Technology-Organisation-Environment (TOE) model and the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), a conceptual framework was developed for future research. The most important factors are cost, organisational readiness, compatibility, relative advantage and top management support. Other influential factors include security, perceived usefulness, firm size, government support, perceived ease of use, vendor support and competitive pressure. The majority of studies were conducted in Asian countries, including developing countries, limiting the generalisability of the findings to SMEs in more developed economies. This research highlights the need for cloud computing solutions that not only reduce costs and ensure high levels of security and privacy, but are also easy to use and integrate. Further research is recommended to explore these factors within SMEs in more developed economies.}, language = {en} } @incollection{HassmannWestner, author = {Hassmann, Tobias and Westner, Markus}, title = {A Framework for Rigorous Execution and Presentation of Expert Interviews in IS and Digital Transformation Research}, series = {Advances in Information Systems Development: Exploring New Horizons and Opportunities}, booktitle = {Advances in Information Systems Development: Exploring New Horizons and Opportunities}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {Cham}, isbn = {9783031878794}, issn = {2195-4968}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-031-87880-0_4}, pages = {63 -- 86}, abstract = {This article addresses the inconsistent conceptualization of expert interviews in information systems (IS) research by providing a structured framework for their rigorous execution and presentation. Through a thematic analysis of 28 method-relevant papers, key characteristics and good practices for executing expert interviews are identified. Additionally, 39 highly cited IS studies were reviewed to examine expert interview utilization in IS research and to identify good practices for presenting expert interview outcomes, which are further validated on nine digital transformation (DT) studies. Our findings highlight the adaptability and varied applications of expert interviews in IS research and offer recommendations to strengthen rigor in their preparation, execution, and presentation of outcomes. Theoretical and practical implications are provided to guide a more systematic and rigorous use of expert interviews in IS research.}, language = {en} } @article{StrasserStrahringerWestner, author = {Strasser, Artur and Strahringer, Susanne and Westner, Markus}, title = {Determinants of success and failure of knowledge transfer in information systems offshoring}, series = {International Journal of Information Technology and Management}, volume = {22}, journal = {International Journal of Information Technology and Management}, number = {1/2}, publisher = {Inderscience}, issn = {1741-5179}, doi = {10.1504/IJITM.2023.10055151}, abstract = {The transfer of knowledge from client to service provider poses major challenges in information systems (IS) offshoring projects. Knowledge transfer directly affects IS offshoring success. Therefore, associated challenges must be overcome. Our study examines the determinants of success and failure of knowledge transfer in IS offshoring projects based on a ranking-type Delphi study. We questioned 32 experts from Germany, each with more than ten years of experience in near- or offshore initiatives to seek a consensus among them. We identified 19 success and 20 failure determinants. These determinants are ranked in order of importance using best-worst scaling. Aspects of closer cooperation are critical for effective knowledge transfer. This includes regular collaboration, willingness to help and support, and mutual trust. In contrast, critical determinants of failure are concerned with fears and fluctuation of human resources. Hidden ambiguities or knowledge gaps, an unwillingness and disability to share knowledge, and high fluctuation of human resources negatively impact knowledge transfer.}, language = {en} }