@article{NgHallSchmailzletal., author = {Ng, Ming Shan and Hall, Daniel and Schmailzl, Marc and Linner, Thomas and Bock, Thomas}, title = {Identifying enabler and relational ontology networks in design for digital fabrication}, series = {Automation in construction}, volume = {144}, journal = {Automation in construction}, number = {December}, publisher = {Elsevier}, doi = {10.1016/j.autcon.2022.104592}, pages = {1 -- 20}, abstract = {As use of digital fabrication increases in architecture, engineering and construction, the industry seeks appropriate management and processes to enable the adoption during the design/planning phase. Many enablers have been identified across various studies; however, a comprehensive synthesis defining the enablers of design for digital fabrication does not yet exist. This work conducts a systematic literature review of 59 journal articles published in the past decade and identifies 140 enablers under eight categories: actors, resources, conditions, attributes, processes, artefacts, values and risks. The enablers' frequency network is illustrated using an adjacency matrix. Through the lens of actor-network theory, the work creates a relational ontology to demonstrate the linkages between different enablers. Three examples are presented using onion diagrams: circular construction focus, business model focus and digital twin in industrialisation focus. Finally, this work discusses the intersection of relational ontology with process modelling to design future digital fabrication work routines.}, language = {en} } @article{NgHallSchmailzletal., author = {Ng, Ming Shan and Hall, Daniel and Schmailzl, Marc and Linner, Thomas and Bock, Thomas}, title = {Identifying enablers and relational ontology networks in design for digital fabrication}, series = {Automation in Construction}, volume = {144}, journal = {Automation in Construction}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0926-5805}, doi = {10.1016/j.autcon.2022.104592}, abstract = {As use of digital fabrication increases in architecture, engineering and construction, the industry seeks appropriate management and processes to enable the adoption during the design/planning phase. Many enablers have been identified across various studies; however, a comprehensive synthesis defining the enablers of design for digital fabrication does not yet exist. This work conducts a systematic literature review of 59 journal articles published in the past decade and identifies 140 enablers under eight categories: actors, resources, conditions, attributes, processes, artefacts, values and risks. The enablers' frequency network is illustrated using an adjacency matrix. Through the lens of actor-network theory, the work creates a relational ontology to demonstrate the linkages between different enablers. Three examples are presented using onion diagrams: circular construction focus, business model focus and digital twin in industrialisation focus. Finally, this work discusses the intersection of relational ontology with process modelling to design future digital fabrication work routines.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{HuLinnerSchmailzletal., author = {Hu, Rongbo and Linner, Thomas and Schmailzl, Marc and G{\"u}ttler, J{\"o}rg and Lu, Yuan and Bock, Thomas}, title = {Exploring Gerontechnology for Aging-Related Diseases in Design Education: An Interdisciplinary Perspective}, series = {Proceedings of the 37th International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction (ISARC 2020): From Demonstration to Practical Use, To New Stage of Construction Robot, October 27-28, 2020, Kitakyushu, Japan}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 37th International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction (ISARC 2020): From Demonstration to Practical Use, To New Stage of Construction Robot, October 27-28, 2020, Kitakyushu, Japan}, editor = {Tateyama, Kazuyoshi and Ishii, Kazuo and Inoue, Fumihiro}, publisher = {The International Association for Automation and Robotics in Construction (I.A.A.R.C.)}, isbn = {978-952-94-3634-7}, doi = {10.22260/ISARC2020/0102}, pages = {735 -- 742}, abstract = {Aging society is not only a crisis in the developed world but also a severe challenge in some emerging economies. However, the awareness of population aging and gerontechnology is far from sufficiently addressed in the architectural design education in universities. Therefore, an interdisciplinary approach in design education is urgently needed to raise the awareness of the aging crisis among the future architects, interior designers, and beyond. This article introduces a novel model of a design seminar offered by a German University, addressing population aging issues in the architecture department. The syllabus, formality, and the expected results of the seminar are revealed in detail. The participants are encouraged to apply interdisciplinary knowledge such as barrier-free architecture, mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, robotics, medicine, psychology, and business to achieve the goals of the seminar. Based on the originality and degree of completion, several students' works are selected and reported, targeting a variety of diseases or syndromes related to aging, such as dementia, immobility, and tremors. Overall, participants of this seminar are motivated and have positive feedback on this seminar, oftentimes claiming that they have seldom studied similar topics in previous architecture education. This enables students from architecture as well as other fields to be better prepared to tackle the upcoming challenges such as labor shortages and infectious diseases in a rapidly aging world. Furthermore, the seminar creates novel concepts that serve as a win-win "honeypot" for both students and their instructors, potentially sparking research topics and start-ups with concepts fostered in this seminar.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SchmailzlSpitzhirnEderetal., author = {Schmailzl, Marc and Spitzhirn, M. and Eder, Friedrich and Kr{\"u}ll, Georg and Obergrießer, Mathias and Linner, Thomas and Albalkhy, Wassim and Lafhaj, Zoubeir}, title = {Towards interfacing human centered design processes with the AEC industry by leveraging BIM-based planning methodologies}, series = {40th International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction (ISARC 2023): Chennai, India, July 3-9, 2023}, booktitle = {40th International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction (ISARC 2023): Chennai, India, July 3-9, 2023}, publisher = {I.A.A.R.C.}, isbn = {978-0-6458322-0-4}, issn = {2413-5844}, doi = {10.22260/ISARC2023/0045}, pages = {325 -- 332}, abstract = {Digital workflows in the Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) industry have been working with a wide range of software solutions trying to enable a Design-to-Production (DtP) end-to-end data flow. Thereby, state-of-the-art software solutions attempt to streamline the design and production processes accordingly. However, most digital workflows lack in terms of adequate sequential data preparation, agglomeration, and interfacing capabilities for consecutive design phases. These issues result in long, tedious correction loops, a wide range of software solutions and extensions to mitigate the issues. In addition, many digital workflows do not consider or integrate construction, production and machine relevant data holistically (respectively geometry and semantics). In this context, the production relevant data in from of human-centered work process data referring to digital human models (DHM), derived human abilities, safety and ergonomic criteria are often neglected. However, this is essential to interface the construction, human and machine relevant data in a holistic manner. This paper therefore proposes a DtP-workflow which is intended to solve some of the issues by interfacing relevant software solutions incorporating construction, production (including DHM and more) and machine relevant data in a holistic manner using a Building Information Modeling (BIM)-approach (based on the IFC schema). In this regard, the DtP-workflow aims to reverse common top-down digital workflows by considering and integrating the relevant data for consecutive design phases from the beginning. Subsequently, the DtP-workflow should achieve a reduction in planning effort.}, language = {en} } @techreport{KuhnFranziusMoelleretal., author = {Kuhn, Alexander and Franzius, Jan Niklas and M{\"o}ller, Dennis and Pralle, Norbert and Reich, Franziska and Hellmuth, Ren{\´e} and Tombeil, Anne-Sophie and Wenzel, G{\"u}nter and Linner, Thomas and Schmailzl, Marc}, title = {Machbarkeitsstudie f{\"u}r den Aufbau eines Kompetenzzentrums f{\"u}r Baurobotik im Hochbau : Akronym: CONSAS (Construction Assistance Robotics) : innerhalb des F{\"o}rderschwerpunktes des BMBF "Roboter f{\"u}r Assistenzfunktionen: Interaktion in der Praxis" Phase 1: Machbarkeitsstudie}, publisher = {Ed. Z{\"u}blin AG}, address = {Stuttgart}, doi = {10.2314/KXP:1845903056}, pages = {30 S.}, abstract = {The overall aim of the project proposal is to develop a systematic, integrative approach for the use of assistance robotics on building construction sites, involving all stakeholders in construction robotics.}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{SaffertSchmailzlSpitzhirnetal., author = {Saffert, Anne-Sophie and Schmailzl, Marc and Spitzhirn, Michael and Linner, Thomas}, title = {A Cyber-Physical Toolbox for Teaching Digital Construction - Technical Configuration, Learning Tactics and Hands-On Testing and Evaluation in Dedicated Courses}, series = {Learning Factories of the Future, Proceedings of the 14th Conference on Learning Factories 2024, Volume 2}, booktitle = {Learning Factories of the Future, Proceedings of the 14th Conference on Learning Factories 2024, Volume 2}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {Cham}, isbn = {9783031653995}, issn = {2367-3370}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-031-65400-8_10}, pages = {83 -- 91}, abstract = {The construction industry faces substantial economic, environmental, and social challenges. Simultaneously, the industry experiences one of the lowest degrees of digitalization. In this context, cyber-physical education is essential to empower learners with skills to utilize digital and physical solutions more effectively. Therefore, a modular as well as construction specific learning setting was designed. The setting facilitates a range of topics, such as production planning considering human and robot capabilities, (semi-) automated construction machines, robotics, sensing \& actuation and more. The digital part of the cyber-physical toolbox consists of various methods and tools to learn programming languages, frameworks, offline simulators, post-processors and more. This step is essential to enable an end-to-end data-/workflow from design (e.g., BIM-based planning methodologies) to (machine-based) production. A focus is given to human-machine/-robot collaboration and appropriate simulation tools (e.g., emaWD) enabling the incorporation of human factors. The physical setting is highly modular, and each device and its periphery can be customized to a broad variety of learning scenarios and levels. This paper describes the details of the learning setting, extracts learning strategies, and analyzes selected learning scenarios and their initial testing in various learning formats.}, language = {en} } @incollection{KuhnFranziusMoelleretal., author = {Kuhn, Alexander and Franzius, Jan Niklas and M{\"o}ller, Dennis and Pralle, Norbert and Reich, Franziska and Hellmuth, Ren{\´e} and Tombeil, Anne-Sophie and Wenzel, G{\"u}nter and Linner, Thomas and Schmailzl, Marc and Hu, Rongbo and Bock, Thomas and Maufroy, Christophe and Kopp, Verena and B{\"o}lke, Nico and Daub, Urban}, title = {Kompetenzzentrum f{\"u}r Baurobotik im Hochbau (CONSAS) - F{\"o}rderkennzeichen 16SV8637}, series = {Roboter f{\"u}r Assistenzfunktionen: Konzeptstudien f{\"u}r die Interaktion in der Praxis}, booktitle = {Roboter f{\"u}r Assistenzfunktionen: Konzeptstudien f{\"u}r die Interaktion in der Praxis}, isbn = {9783731512448}, pages = {169 -- 207}, language = {de} } @incollection{LinnerSchmailzlBocketal., author = {Linner, Thomas and Schmailzl, Marc and Bock, Thomas and Hu, Rongbo and G{\"u}ttler, J{\"o}rg}, title = {Active Assisted Living Technology in the Context of the Built Environment}, series = {The Routledge Companion to Ecological Design Thinking: Healthful Ecotopian Visions for Architecture and Urbanism}, booktitle = {The Routledge Companion to Ecological Design Thinking: Healthful Ecotopian Visions for Architecture and Urbanism}, publisher = {Routledge}, address = {New York}, doi = {10.4324/9781003183181-50}, pages = {10}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{EderHoengSchmailzletal., author = {Eder, Friedrich and Hoeng, Simon Konrad and Schmailzl, Marc and Linner, Thomas and Obergrießer, Mathias}, title = {Towards improving data interoperability for the reconstruction of existing buildings}, series = {The 20th conference of the International Society for Computing in Civil and Building Engineering (ICCCBE 2024), August 25 to 28, 2024, Montreal}, booktitle = {The 20th conference of the International Society for Computing in Civil and Building Engineering (ICCCBE 2024), August 25 to 28, 2024, Montreal}, abstract = {Digital representations of buildings are the supporting structures of various use-cases in the emerging field of data-driven decision making. From large scale applications in the context of city planning to the detailed evaluation of critical infrastructure they enable specialists to observe problems, interpret relationships, test solutions virtually and apply them in the real world. This is only feasible if the individual underlying digital model meets the requirements imposed by the analysis at hand. In practice, especially models of existing buildings are not easy to come by as the information describing the existing structure is often scattered across multiple different data sources in various formats. Previous research efforts have outlined methodologies which leverage machine learning, computer vision and subsequent semantic enrichment in order to achieve the (re)construction of such building models. However, these methods are generally not integrated with each other, nor do they consider being able to interface with a shared repository of building related data. In this paper we present a methodology which focuses on establishing a common context for all building related data by utilizing the Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) schema. In particular we focus on utilizing readily available geometric and semantic data originating from geographic information systems as a basis, subsequently referencing additional data sources in their corresponding context and finally outlining interfaces with downstream enrichment processes in both directions. Through incorporating contextualized (IFC) data into the early stages of the remodeling workflow, we outline an end-to-end process from the initial component-based data-acquisition to the as-built building information model. In establishing a standardized foundation for data exchange and collaboration it enables all stakeholders to work more seamlessly across different stages of the remodeling project.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SchmailzlSaffertKaramaraetal., author = {Schmailzl, Marc and Saffert, Anne-Sophie and Karamara, Merve and Linner, Thomas and Eder, Friedrich and Hoeng, Simon Konrad and Obergriesser, Mathias}, title = {Enhancing Decision-Making for Human-Centered Construction Robotics: A Methodological Framework}, series = {Proceedings of the 41st International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction (ISARC), Lille, France}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 41st International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction (ISARC), Lille, France}, publisher = {International Association for Automation and Robotics in Construction (IAARC)}, isbn = {978-0-6458322-1-1}, issn = {2413-5844}, doi = {10.22260/ISARC2024/0083}, pages = {637 -- 644}, abstract = {While the Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) industry is increasingly aware of the rising demands for productivity and human-centered construction improvements, the holistic adoption of robotics as a fundamental strategy to address these challenges has not yet reached comprehensive fruition. This paper therefore introduces a methodological framework aiming to address the industry's pressing need for a systematic approach for assessing the feasibility of integrating robotics into human-centered construction processes. It aims to enhance decision-making regarding the degree of automation in human-centered construction processes, ranging from partial to full robotization or non-robotization. The framework is characterized by a more holistic end-to-end data-/workflow and therefore adopts a multifaceted approach, leveraging BIM-based planning methodologies and integrating new technologies [e.g., Motion Capturing (MoCap), work process simulation software incorporating Digital Human Models (DHM), self-developed conversion/interfacing software and more] that have not been widely used in the industry to date. Subsequently, the framework is evaluated in a real-life bricklaying construction process to ensure a more application-based approach. Overall, the framework advances current construction processes with a more inclusive and conscious technology infill to empower construction professionals with the workflow and corresponding tools necessary for the practical integration of robotics into human-centered construction processes.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SchmailzlSaffertKaramaraetal., author = {Schmailzl, Marc and Saffert, Anne-Sophie and Karamara, Merve and Linner, Thomas and Eder, Friedrich and Hoeng, Simon Konrad and Obergrießer, Mathias}, title = {Enhancing Decision-Making for Human-Centered Construction Robotics: A Methodological Framework}, series = {Proceedings of the 41st International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction (ISARC 2024), 2024, Lille, France}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 41st International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction (ISARC 2024), 2024, Lille, France}, publisher = {IAARC}, isbn = {978-0-6458322-1-1}, doi = {10.22260/ISARC2024/0083}, pages = {637 -- 644}, abstract = {While the Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) industry is increasingly aware of the rising demands for productivity and human-centered construction improvements, the holistic adoption of robotics as a fundamental strategy to address these challenges has not yet reached comprehensive fruition. This paper therefore introduces a methodological framework aiming to address the industry's pressing need for a systematic approach for assessing the feasibility of integrating robotics into human-centered construction processes. It aims to enhance decision-making regarding the degree of automation in human-centered construction processes, ranging from partial to full robotization or non-robotization. The framework is characterized by a more holistic end-to-end data-/workflow and therefore adopts a multifaceted approach, leveraging BIM-based planning methodologies and integrating new technologies [e.g., Motion Capturing (MoCap), work process simulation software incorporating Digital Human Models (DHM), self-developed conversion/interfacing software and more] that have not been widely used in the industry to date. Subsequently, the framework is evaluated in a real-life bricklaying construction process to ensure a more application-based approach. Overall, the framework advances current construction processes with a more inclusive and conscious technology infill to empower construction professionals with the workflow and corresponding tools necessary for the practical integration of robotics into human-centered construction processes.}, language = {en} }