@inproceedings{MuellerAltDuennweberetal., author = {M{\"u}ller, Jens and Alt, Martin and D{\"u}nnweber, Jan and Gorlatch, Sergei}, title = {Clayworks}, series = {IEEE International Conference on e-Science and Grid Computing (e-Science'06), 2nd, 4-6 Dec 2006, Amsterdam, Netherlands}, booktitle = {IEEE International Conference on e-Science and Grid Computing (e-Science'06), 2nd, 4-6 Dec 2006, Amsterdam, Netherlands}, isbn = {0-7695-2734-5}, doi = {10.1109/E-SCIENCE.2006.261188}, abstract = {Clayworks is a software system which integrates collaborative real-time modeling and distributed computing. It addresses the challenge of developing a collaborative workspace with a seamless access to high-performance servers. Clayworks allows modeling of virtual clay objects and running computation-intensive deformation simulations for objects crashing into each other. To integrate heterogeneous computational resources, we adopted modern Grid middleware and provided the users with an intuitive graphical interface. We parallelized the computation of simulations using a Higher-Order Component (HOC) which abstracts over the Globus Web service resource framework (WSRF) used to interconnect our worksuite to the computation server. Clayworks is a representative of a large class of demanding systems which combine collaborative modeling with performance-critical computations, e.g., crash-tests or simulations for biological population evolution.}, language = {en} } @incollection{DuennweberDumitrescuRaicuetal., author = {D{\"u}nnweber, Jan and Dumitrescu, Cǎtǎlin L. and Raicu, Ioan and Foster, Ian}, title = {Simplifying Grid Application Programming Using Web-Enabled Code Transfer Tools}, series = {Towards Next Generation Grids}, booktitle = {Towards Next Generation Grids}, editor = {Priol, Thierry and Vanneschi, Marco}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Rennes, France}, isbn = {978-0-387-72497-3}, doi = {10.1007/978-0-387-72498-0_21}, pages = {225 -- 235}, abstract = {This paper deals with one of the fundamental properties of grid computing - transferring code between grid nodes and executing it remotely on heterogeneous hosts. Contemporary middleware relies for this purpose on Web Services, which makes application programs complicated and low-level and requires much additional expertise from programmers. We compare two mechanisms for grid application programming with regard to their handling of code transfer - the de-facto standard WS-GRAM in Globus and the higher-level approach based on HOCs (Higher-Order Components). We study the advantages and problems of each approach using a real-world application case study - the sequent alignment problem from bioinformatics. Our experiments show the trade-off between reduced development costs and software complexity when HOCs are used and the higher performance of the applications on the grid when using WS-GRAM.}, language = {en} } @article{DuennweberKirsch, author = {D{\"u}nnweber, Jan and Kirsch, C.}, title = {Report Datenmigration}, series = {iX - Magazin f{\"u}r professionelle Informationstechnik}, journal = {iX - Magazin f{\"u}r professionelle Informationstechnik}, number = {11}, publisher = {Heise}, address = {Hannover}, issn = {0935-9680}, pages = {95 -- 100}, abstract = {Mehrere Terabyte Daten aus einem auf dem Mainframe laufenden COBOL-Programm auf eine SOA-Architektur unter Linux zu migrieren, stellt besondere Anforderungen an die Werkzeuge und Entwickler. Geschickte Kombination vorhandener Tools und effizienter Strategien vermeiden Stillstandszeiten und beschleunigen den Datentransfer.}, language = {de} } @incollection{AldinucciDuennweberDaneluttoetal., author = {Aldinucci, Marco and D{\"u}nnweber, Jan and Danelutto, Marco and Golatch, Sergei}, title = {Optimization techniques for skeletons on grids}, series = {Grid Computing: The New Frontier of High Performance Computing}, booktitle = {Grid Computing: The New Frontier of High Performance Computing}, editor = {Grandinetti, Lucio}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Scotland}, isbn = {978-0-08-046146-5}, doi = {10.1016/S0927-5452(05)80014-0}, pages = {255 -- 273}, abstract = {Skeletons are common patterns of parallelism, such as farm and pipeline, that can be abstracted and offered to the application programmer as programming primitives. We describe the use and implementation of skeletons on emerging computational grids, with the skeleton system Lithium, based on Java and RMI, as our reference programming syttem. Our main contribution is the exploration of optimization techniques for implementing skeletons on grids based on an optimized, future-based RMI mechanism, which we integrate into the macro-dataflow evaluation mechanism of Lithium. We discuss three optimizations: 1) a lookahead mechanism that allows to process multiple tasks concurrently at each grid server and thereby increases the overall degree of parallelism, 2) a lazy taskbinding technique that reduces interactions between grid servers and the task dispatcher, and 3) dynamic improvements that optimize the collecting of results and the work-load balancing. We report experimental results that demonstrate the improvements due to our optimizations on various testbeds, including a heterogeneous grid-like environment.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{DuennweberGorlatchBenoitetal., author = {D{\"u}nnweber, Jan and Gorlatch, Sergei and Benoit, Anne and Cole, Murray}, title = {Integrating MPI-Skeletons with Web Services}, series = {ParCo'05 - International Conference on Parallel Computing, 2005, Malaga, Spain}, booktitle = {ParCo'05 - International Conference on Parallel Computing, 2005, Malaga, Spain}, pages = {787 -- 794}, abstract = {Interoperating components, implemented in multiple programming languages, are one of the key requirements of grid computing that operates over the borders of individual hardware and software platforms. Modern grid middleware like WSRF facilitates interoperability through service-orientation but it also increases software complexity. We show that Higher-Order Components (HOCs) provide a service-oriented programming abstraction over middleware technology. By offering the pipeline skeleton from the MPI-based eSkel library as a HOC, we show how machine-oriented technologies can be made available via Web Services on grids. We bind a Java-based Web application to the HOC to demonstrate its connectivity: user defined input can be transformed in a highly performant manner by running wavelet computations remotely on parallel machines.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{DuennweberGorlatch, author = {D{\"u}nnweber, Jan and Gorlatch, Sergei}, title = {HOC-SA}, series = {IEEE International Conference on Services Computing (SCC 2004), 15-18 Sept. 2004, Shanghai, China}, booktitle = {IEEE International Conference on Services Computing (SCC 2004), 15-18 Sept. 2004, Shanghai, China}, isbn = {0-7695-2225-4}, doi = {10.1109/SCC.2004.1358017}, abstract = {The current efforts on programming grid applications often rely on service-oriented approaches like grid services. This work presents HOC-SA -a service architecture for higher-order components, which provides the programmer with reusable and composable patterns of parallelism and is interoperable with the latest Globus toolkit implementations. We describe our implementation of HOC-SA using OGSA-DAI, a framework for integrating grids with distributed databases. We present a simple example application and report first measurements on our grid testbed.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SchraderStadlerDuennweber, author = {Schrader, Jonas and Stadler, Timo and D{\"u}nnweber, Jan}, title = {A Hybrid Genetic Algorithm for Solving the VRP with Pickup and Delivery in Rural Areas}, series = {Proceedings of the 56th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences: January 3-6, 2023, Maui Hawaii, USA}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 56th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences: January 3-6, 2023, Maui Hawaii, USA}, publisher = {University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa}, address = {Honolulu, HI}, issn = {2572-6862}, pages = {9}, abstract = {In this paper, we present a new Hybrid Genetic Search (HGS) algorithm for solving the Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem for Pickup and Delivery (CVRPPD) as it is required for public transport in rural areas. One of the biggest peculiarities here is that a large area has to be covered with as few vehicles as possible. The basic idea of this algorithm is based on a more general version of HGS, which we adopted to solve the CVRPPD in rural areas. It also implements improvements that lead to the acceleration of the algorithm and, thereby, to a faster generation of a fastest route. We tested the algorithm on real road data from Roding, a rural district in Bavaria, Germany. Moreover, we designed an API for converting data from the Openrouteservice, so that our algorithm can be applied on real world examples as well.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{MelzerDuennweberBaumann, author = {Melzer, Matthias and D{\"u}nnweber, Jan and Baumann, Timo}, title = {Towards Smart Home Data Interpretation Using Analogies to Natural Language Processing}, series = {2022 IEEE International Conference on Smart Internet of Things: IEEE SmartIoT 2022, proceedings, 19-21 August 2022, Suzhou, China, hybrid conference (onsite and virtual)}, booktitle = {2022 IEEE International Conference on Smart Internet of Things: IEEE SmartIoT 2022, proceedings, 19-21 August 2022, Suzhou, China, hybrid conference (onsite and virtual)}, publisher = {IEEE}, isbn = {978-1-6654-7952-3}, doi = {10.1109/SmartIoT55134.2022.00020}, pages = {65 -- 71}, abstract = {Recent advances in the development of smart homes have led to the availability of a wide variety of devices providing a high level of convenience via gesture and speech control or fully automated operation. Many smart home appliances also address the aspects of safety and electricity savings by automatically powering themselves off after not being used for a while. However, many devices remain in a typical household that are not themselves "smart", or are not primarily electric (such as heating systems). We address the savings aspect by identifying processes involving the use of multiple devices in the electrical flow data, as captured by a smart meter in a modern household, rather than focusing on a single appliance. Therefore, we introduce a novel approach to usage pattern analysis based on the idea that a pattern of device usages as a result of a resident's 'routine' (such as making breakfast) can be interpreted similarly to a natural language 'sentence'; Natural Language Processing (NLP) algorithms can then be used for interpreting the residents' behavior. We introduce the notion of bag-of-devices (BoD), derived from the bag-of-words model used in document classification. In an experiment, we show how we use this model to infer predictions about the inhabitants from device usage, such as the resident leaving for the day or just to fetch the newspaper.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{DuennweberGorlatchParlavantzasetal., author = {D{\"u}nnweber, Jan and Gorlatch, Sergei and Parlavantzas, Nikos and Baude, Francoise and Legrand, Virginie}, title = {Towards automatic creation of web services for grid component composition}, series = {Integrated Research in GRID Computing : CoreGRID Integration Workshop 2005 (Selected Papers), November 28-30, Pisa, Italy}, booktitle = {Integrated Research in GRID Computing : CoreGRID Integration Workshop 2005 (Selected Papers), November 28-30, Pisa, Italy}, publisher = {Springer Science+Business Media}, address = {Boston, MA}, isbn = {978-0-387-47658-2}, doi = {10.1007/978-0-387-47658-2_3}, pages = {31 -- 42}, abstract = {While high-level software components simplify the programming of grid applications and Web services increase their interoperability, developing such components and configuring the interconnecting services is a demanding task. In this paper, we consider the combination of Higher-Order Components (HOCs) with the Fractal component model and the ProActive library. HOCs are parallel programming components, made accessible on the grid via Web services that use a special class loader enabling code mobility: executable code can be uploaded to a HOC, allowing one to customize the HOC. Fractal simplifies the composition of components and the ProActive library offers a generator for automatically creating Web services from components composed with Fractal, as long as all the parameters of these services have primitive types. Taking all the advantages of HOCs, ProActive and Fractal together, the obvious conclusion is that composing HOCs using Fractal and automatically exposing them as Web services on the grid via ProActive minimizes the required efforts for building complex grid systems. In this context, we solved the problem of exchanging code-carrying parameters in automatically generated Web services by integrating the HOC class loading mechanism into the ProActive library.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{DuennweberStadlerWeikletal., author = {D{\"u}nnweber, Jan and Stadler, Timo and Weikl, Sandra and Sch{\"a}fer, Andreas and Georg, Peter and Wein, Simon}, title = {Bus Route Classification for Rural Areas using Graph Convolutional Networks}, series = {Proceedings of the 22th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Soft Computing, Zakopane, Poland}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 22th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Soft Computing, Zakopane, Poland}, pages = {15}, abstract = {In this paper, we present a new approach to determine the estimated time of arrival (ETA) for bus routes using (Deep) Graph Convolutional Networks (DGCNs). In addition we use the same DGCN to detect detours within a route. In our application, a classification of routes and their underlying graph structure is performed using Graph Learning. Our model leads to a fast prediction and avoids solving the vehicle routing problem (VRP) through expensive computations. Moreover, we describe how to predict travel time for all routes using the same DGCN Model. This method makes it possible not to use a more computationally intensive approximation algorithm when determining long travel times with many intermediate stops, but to use our network for an early estimate of the quality of a route. Long travel times, in our case result from the use of a call-bus system, which must distribute many passengers among several vehicles and can take them to places without a regular stop. For a case study, the rural town of Roding in Bavaria is used. Our training data for this area results from an approximation algorithm that we implemented to optimize routes, and to generate an archive of routes of varying quality simultaneously.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{ThelenEderMelzeretal., author = {Thelen, Simon and Eder, Friedrich and Melzer, Matthias and Nunes, Danilo Weber and Stadler, Michael and Rechenauer, Christian and Obergrießer, Mathias and Jubeh, Ruben and Volbert, Klaus and D{\"u}nnweber, Jan}, title = {A Slim Digital Twin For A Smart City And Its Residents}, series = {SOICT '23: Proceedings of the 12th International Symposium on Information and Communication Technology, 2023, Hi Chi Minh, Vietnam}, booktitle = {SOICT '23: Proceedings of the 12th International Symposium on Information and Communication Technology, 2023, Hi Chi Minh, Vietnam}, publisher = {ACM}, isbn = {979-8-4007-0891-6}, doi = {10.1145/3628797.3628936}, pages = {8 -- 15}, abstract = {In the engineering domain, representing real-world objects using a body of data, called a digital twin, which is frequently updated by "live" measurements, has shown various advantages over tradi- tional modelling and simulation techniques. Consequently, urban planners have a strong interest in digital twin technology, since it provides them with a laboratory for experimenting with data before making far-reaching decisions. Realizing these decisions involves the work of professionals in the architecture, engineering and construction (AEC) domain who nowadays collaborate via the methodology of building information modeling (BIM). At the same time, the citizen plays an integral role both in the data acquisition phase, while also being a beneficiary of the improved resource management strategies. In this paper, we present a prototype for a "digital energy twin" platform we designed in cooperation with the city of Regensburg. We show how our extensible platform de- sign can satisfy the various requirements of multiple user groups through a series of data processing solutions and visualizations, in- dicating valuable design and implementation guidelines for future projects. In particular, we focus on two example use cases concern- ing building electricity monitoring and BIM. By implementing a flexible data processing architecture we can involve citizens in the data acquisition process, meeting the demands of modern users regarding maximum transparency in the handling of their data.}, language = {en} } @misc{AppelhansKampmannMottoketal., author = {Appelhans, Marie-Luise and Kampmann, Matthias and Mottok, J{\"u}rgen and Riederer, Michael and Nagl, Klaus and Steffens, Oliver and D{\"u}nnweber, Jan and Wildgruber, Markus and Roth, Julius and Stadler, Timo and Palm, Christoph and Weiß, Martin Georg and Rochholz, Sandra and Bierl, Rudolf and Gschossmann, Andreas and Haug, Sonja and Schmidbauer, Simon and Koch, Anna and Westner, Markus and Bary, Benedikt von and Ellermeier, Andreas and V{\"o}gele, Daniel and Maiwald, Frederik and Hierl, Stefan and Schlamp, Matthias and Ehrlich, Ingo and Siegl, Marco and H{\"u}ntelmann, Sven and Wildfeuer, Matthias and Br{\"u}ckl, Oliver and Sterner, Michael and Hofrichter, Andreas and Eckert, Fabian and Bauer, Franz and Dawoud, Belal and Rabl, Hans-Peter and Gamisch, Bernd and Schmidt, Ottfried and Heberl, Michael and Thema, Martin and Mayer, Ulrike and Eller, Johannes and Sippenauer, Thomas and Adelt, Christian and Haslbeck, Matthias and Vogl, Bettina and Mauerer, Wolfgang and Ramsauer, Ralf and Lohmann, Daniel and Sax, Irmengard and Gabor, Thomas and Feld, Sebastian and Linnhoff-Popien, Claudia and Ławrowski, Robert Damian and Langer, Christoph and Schreiner, Rupert and Sellmair, Josef}, title = {Forschung 2019}, editor = {Baier, Wolfgang}, address = {Regensburg}, organization = {Ostbayerische Technische Hochschule Regensburg}, isbn = {978-3-9818209-7-3}, doi = {10.35096/othr/pub-789}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-7890}, pages = {72}, abstract = {Bericht mit Forschungsprojekten aus verschiedenen Bereichen der OTH Regensburg mit dem Schwerpunktthema "K{\"u}nstliche Intelligenz" und einem Gespr{\"a}ch zur "Medizin der Zukunft"}, subject = {Forschung}, language = {de} } @article{SchuheggerKaraGalkaetal., author = {Schuhegger, Lukas and Kara, Sinan and Galka, Stefan and D{\"u}nnweber, Jan and Meißner, Sebastian}, title = {Umzugsplanung mit Fabrikdatenmodellen und Virtual Reality}, series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r wirtschaftlichen Fabrikbetrieb}, volume = {119}, journal = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r wirtschaftlichen Fabrikbetrieb}, number = {11}, publisher = {de Gruyter}, issn = {2511-0896}, doi = {10.1515/zwf-2024-1154}, pages = {799 -- 804}, abstract = {Angesichts eines dynamischen industriellen Umfelds m{\"u}ssen produzierende Unternehmen flexibel bleiben und sich kontinuierlich anpassen, um ihre Wettbewerbsf{\"a}higkeit zu erhalten. Eine effektive Planung von Restrukturierungen in Produktionssystemen, oft als Umzugsplanung bezeichnet, ist entscheidend, um Verz{\"o}gerungen zu vermeiden und Stillstandszeiten zu minimieren. Die Identifikation von Umzugsf{\"a}llen, welche den Umfang umzuziehender Ressourcen wie Maschinen, Anlagen, Ausr{\"u}stungen und Arbeitspl{\"a}tzen beschreiben und die Definition zugeh{\"o}riger Aufgaben sind essenzielle Schritte der Umzugsplanung. Dieser Beitrag stellt eine Vorgehensweise zur Bestimmung von Umzugsf{\"a}llen mittels eines Fabrikdatenmodells vor, erg{\"a}nzt durch eine Visualisierung in Virtual Reality, um Planende bei der Umzugsplanung zu unterst{\"u}tzen.}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{VoelklMelzerDuennweberetal., author = {V{\"o}lkl, Jakob and Melzer, Matthias and D{\"u}nnweber, Jan and Sarkar, Amitrajit}, title = {Dynamic Route Planning for a Data Collecting Luggage Transport Service}, series = {18th IEEE International Conference on Control \& Automation, June 18-21, 2024, Reykjav{\´i}k, Iceland}, booktitle = {18th IEEE International Conference on Control \& Automation, June 18-21, 2024, Reykjav{\´i}k, Iceland}, publisher = {IEEE}, abstract = {Control and Automation of services of the urban infrastructure offered to citizens and tourists are elementary parts of a smart city. But both rely on a stable supply of data from sensors spread across the whole city, e. g., the fill level sensors of waste bins needed for a waste management tool which we developed in a collaboration with the Regensburg city council for the on-demand collection of waste bins. Europe has a lot of historic cities like Regensburg with narrow streets and huge building walls, some made from granite and fieldstones, which often represents an insurmountable obstacle to wireless data transmission. The reduction of the road traffic volume poses an additional challenge for city planners. By means of networked planning and simulation software, the situation, state and efficiency of citywide logistic services can be monitored and optimized. In the course of such optimizations, we propose the combination of digital and logistic services. As an example, we show that monitoring state information, such as the waste bin fill levels, can be accomplished using the same vehicles and the same planning software, that is used for luggage transportation. Moreover, we describe how we adapted a solver for a variant of the TSP, namely the prize-collecting traveling salesman, to optimize the route planning dynamically.}, language = {en} } @misc{BroserFalterŁawrowskietal., author = {Broser, Christian and Falter, Thomas and Ławrowski, Robert Damian and Altenbuchner, Amelie and V{\"o}gele, Daniel and Koss, Claus and Schlamp, Matthias and Dunnweber, Jan and Steffens, Oliver and Heckner, Markus and Jaritz, Sabine and Schiegl, Thomas and Corsten, Sabine and Lauer, Norina and Guertler, Katherine and Koenig, Eric and Haug, Sonja and Huber, Dominik and Birkenmaier, Clemens and Krenkel, Lars and Wagner, Thomas and Justus, Xenia and Saßmannshausen, Sean Patrick and Kleine, Nadine and Weber, Karsten and Braun, Carina N. and Giacoppo, Giuliano and Heinrich, Michael and Just, Tobias and Schreck, Thomas and Schnabl, Andreas and Gilmore, Amador T{\´e}ran and Roeslin, Samuel and Schmid, Sandra and Wellnitz, Felix and Malz, Sebastian and Maurial, Andreas and Hauser, Florian and Mottok, J{\"u}rgen and Klettke, Meike and Scherzinger, Stefanie and St{\"o}rl, Uta and Heckner, Markus and Bazo, Alexander and Wolff, Christian and Kopper, Andreas and Westner, Markus and Pongratz, Christian and Ehrlich, Ingo and Briem, Ulrich and Hederer, Sebastian and Wagner, Marcus and Schillinger, Moritz and G{\"o}rlach, Julien and Hierl, Stefan and Siegl, Marco and Langer, Christoph and Hausladen, Matthias and Schreiner, Rupert and Haslbeck, Matthias and Kreuzer, Reinhard and Br{\"u}ckl, Oliver and Dawoud, Belal and Rabl, Hans-Peter and Gamisch, Bernd and Schmidt, Ottfried and Heberl, Michael and G{\"a}nsbauer, Bianca and Bick, Werner and Ellermeier, Andreas and Monkman, Gareth J. and Prem, Nina and Sindersberger, Dirk and Tschurtschenthaler, Karl and Aurbach, Maximilian and Dendorfer, Sebastian and Betz, Michael A. and Szecsey, Tamara and Mauerer, Wolfgang and Murr, Florian}, title = {Forschung 2018}, editor = {Baier, Wolfgang}, address = {Regensburg}, organization = {Ostbayerische Technische Hochschule Regensburg}, isbn = {978-3-9818209-5-9}, doi = {10.35096/othr/pub-1382}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:898-opus4-13826}, pages = {98}, subject = {Forschung}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{HuangMelzerDuennweber, author = {Huang, Wenfei and Melzer, Matthias and D{\"u}nnweber, Jan}, title = {Optimizing Smart Retail by Experiment Using an Online AI Model Exploration Interface}, series = {2024 Winter Simulation Conference (WSC), 15-18 December 2024, Orlando, FL, USA}, booktitle = {2024 Winter Simulation Conference (WSC), 15-18 December 2024, Orlando, FL, USA}, publisher = {IEEE}, doi = {10.1109/WSC63780.2024.10838897}, pages = {2631 -- 2642}, abstract = {Smart retail technologies save grocery store operators a lot of work. At the same time, these technologies produce valuable data for building sustainable and economical inventory management strategies. AI models can be trained for sales forecasting using the data. The forecasts support the provisioning of fresh food over the whole week and help reducing food waste. In this paper, we present a Web portal which we developed to allow grocery store operators experiments with AI models revealing interrelations between observed and anticipated customer behavior. Clickable diagrams facilitate the exploration of data sets combining historical data and synthetically generated data. Pricing and ordering can be adapted accordingly to the simulated forecasts. By means of a case study, we show that our simulations are not only useful for predicting future sales but for other smart retail tasks as well.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{BurgerSarkarKirschetal., author = {Burger, David and Sarkar, Amitrajit and Kirsch, Konstantin and D{\"u}nnweber, Jan}, title = {Combining Fill-Level Sensing with Route Optimization for a More Efficient Waste Collection}, series = {ECDG 2018 - European Conference on Digital Government, 2018, Santiago De Compostela, Spain}, booktitle = {ECDG 2018 - European Conference on Digital Government, 2018, Santiago De Compostela, Spain}, editor = {Bouzas Lorenzo, Ram{\´o}n}, isbn = {9781912764037}, pages = {24 -- 31}, abstract = {We tackle the problem that collecting all the waste of modern cities within the scheduled time spans becomes increasingly challenging, while the waste collection team is not supplemented accordingly in many places, e.g. by more staff or vehicles. Separating waste has become natural for urban populations, as recycling is ecologically necessary. However, the separation also leads to a continuously increasing number of containers which are logistically unmanageable without computer-aided collection scheduling. Regensburg recently introduced a new program for the collection of biological waste, which extends the private collection of such waste by a few hundred public biological waste containers. Computer support was pretty basic so far, i.e. the collection times were recorded and the routes were sporadically rescheduled manually in an Excel sheet. We show that much shorter waste collection routes can be found automatically using a dynamic version of the classic Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithm for shortening the collection routes. Moreover, we sketch an loT (lnternet-of-Things) approach to "lntelligent Waste Containers" which we equip with ultrasonic sensors monitoring the fill levels, which allows us to skip poorly used containers during the collection and reposition them on demand. By means of a computer simulation with online visualization, we illustrate that our optimized and dynamically adapted collection routes lead to significant time savings. Indeed, more than twice the number of currently used containers can be collected within the same time. We also report about the first experiments that we conducted with real sensors. The presented work is the result of a cooperation between four contributing parties: 1) Technical University of Regensburg (OTH); 2) Ara Institute of Canterbury; 3) Regensburg's Governmental Department of Waste Management; and 4) an industry partner (kpit.com). We compare the outcome of our project with related work and we sketch some future perspectives and ideas for transforming Regensburg into an even more automatized, environmentally friendly "smart city".}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{DuennweberSarkarPuthiyadathetal., author = {D{\"u}nnweber, Jan and Sarkar, Amitrajit and Puthiyadath, Vimal Kumar and Barde, Omkar}, title = {A Tale of Four Cities - Improving Bus and Waste Collection Schedules in Practical Smart City Applications}, series = {Computer Information Systems and Industrial Management}, booktitle = {Computer Information Systems and Industrial Management}, editor = {Saeed, Khalid and Dvorsk{\´y}, Jiř{\´i}}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Cham}, isbn = {978-3-030-84340-3}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-84340-3_30}, pages = {369 -- 380}, abstract = {Computer-based Improvements of waste collection and public transport procedures are often a part of smart city initiatives. When we envision an ideal bus network, it will primarily connect the most crowded bus stops. Similarly, an ideal waste collection vehicle will arrive at every container exactly at the time when it is fully loaded. Beyond doubt, this will reduce traffic and support environmentally friendly intentions like waste separation, as it will make more containers manageable. A difficulty of putting that vision into practice is that vehicles cannot always be where they are needed. Knowing the best time for arriving at a position is not insufficient for finding the optimal route. Therefore, we compare four different approaches to optimized routing: Regensburg, Christchurch, Malaysia, and Bangalore. Our analysis shows that the best schedules result from adapting field-tested routes frequently based on sensor measurements and route optimizing computations.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{StadlerSarkarDuennweber, author = {Stadler, Timo and Sarkar, Amitrajit and D{\"u}nnweber, Jan}, title = {Bus Demand Forecasting for Rural Areas Using XGBoost and Random Forest Algorithm}, series = {CISIM2021: 20th International Conference on Computer Information Systems and Industrial Management Applications, September 24-26 2021, Ełk, Poland}, booktitle = {CISIM2021: 20th International Conference on Computer Information Systems and Industrial Management Applications, September 24-26 2021, Ełk, Poland}, editor = {Saeed, Khalid and Dvorsk{\´y}, Jiř{\´i}}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Cham}, isbn = {978-3-030-84340-3}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-84340-3_36}, pages = {442 -- 453}, abstract = {In recent years, mobility solutions have experienced a significant upswing. Consequently, it has increased the importance of forecasting the number of passengers and determining the associated demand for vehicles. We analyze all bus routes in a rural area in contrast to other work that predicts just a single bus route. Some differences in bus routes in rural areas compared to cities are highlighted and substantiated by a case study data using Roding, a town in the rural district of Cham in northern Bavaria, as an example. Data collected and we selected a random forest model that lets us determine the passenger demand, bus line effectiveness, or general user behavior. The prediction accuracy of the selected model is currently 87\%. The collected data helps to build new mobility-as-a-service solutions, such as on-call buses or dynamic route optimizations, as we show with our simulation.}, subject = {{\"O}ffentlicher Personennahverkehr}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{DuennweberLorenzBraeuetal., author = {D{\"u}nnweber, Jan and Lorenz, Marcel and Br{\"a}u, Fabian and Saito, Hiroshi and Melzer, Matthias}, title = {Driving out the Bears from the Suburbs by Means of Location Theory and Intelligent Agents}, series = {Proceedings of the ACM 12th International Conference on Animal-Computer Interaction, ACI 2025: The International Conference on Animal-Computer Interaction ; Indiana USA ; 01-04.12.2025}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the ACM 12th International Conference on Animal-Computer Interaction, ACI 2025: The International Conference on Animal-Computer Interaction ; Indiana USA ; 01-04.12.2025}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, isbn = {9798400721236}, doi = {10.1145/3768539.3768546}, pages = {9}, abstract = {Due to the recent surge in bear attacks, affected municipalities have taken various measures to drive out the intruders. Political considerations include, in many places, the expansion of shooting permits. More and more regional governmental authorities invest in technologies for efficient bear hunting, such as IP cameras and computer vision. From an ecological perspective, such procedures, which are all solely aimed at decreasing the bear population, are questionable, since ecosystems can benefit from a peaceful coexistence of bears with humans: Bears remove animal carcasses and thus return vital nutrients to the soil and prevent the spread of diseases. Moreover, the bears keep the deer population in check, which is advantageous for the forest vegetation. Conflicts start, once the bears intrude populated areas, which are often rural villages and suburbs with a low population density. Naturally, bears do not see humans as prey and respect their size. When the animal attacks, this happens rather for territorial or protective reasons, e. g., after an unexpected encounter with humans unsettled it. In this work, we analyze means to eradicate the danger: We dynamically apply Weiszfeld's algorithm for finding the shifting geometric median between time-windowed black bear sightings and use the results for implementing an early warning system. In addition, we weigh the spotted locations and predict the expected migration behavior between bear habitats using a simulation with intelligent agents. As a case study, we apply our software to data from Romania and Fukushima and identify the positions where bear repelling facilities should be placed most effectively.}, language = {en} }